资源简介

1．approach [课本义]n．方法　[增补义]n．接近；路径 v．(在距离或时间上)靠近，接近；接洽；着手处理
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 4)Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh's Sunflowers．It was hard ____________ (approach) the painting as there were so many people around．
②With the final exam ___________ (approach)，all students are busy reviewing their notes，which they believe will help them get good grades．
③They have a special approach to ________ (bring) up their children．
　读后续写之动作描写
小狗小心翼翼地走近那个陌生人，尾巴慢慢摇着，仿佛在努力表示友好。
The little dog _____________________________________，its tail wagging slowly as if trying to show friendliness．
◎approach sth．/sb．接近某物/某人
◎an approach to (doing) sth．(做)某事的方法/途径；通往……的道路
◎with...approaching在……快到的时候
◎(2025·全国二卷)This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain．
这种方法让我不必过度解释，从而避免了那种不适感。
2．reflect [课本义]vi．& vt．仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映　[增补义]vt．反射；显示
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 6)What sort of attitude to life _____________ (reflect) in the author's experience of looking at the night sky
②Reflecting ________ her volunteer experience，Tina felt proud．
③On __________ (reflect)，I realize your advice was not only practical but also timely，so I'm writing to express my sincere thanks．
　读后续写之环境描写
满月在平静的湖面上映出柔和的光芒，周围的树木投下影子，在水面上轻轻摇曳。
The full moon ________________________________________________，with the surrounding trees showing their shadows dancing gently on the water．
◎reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
◎reflect on/upon sth．认真思考某事
◎reflection n．反射；反映；映像；沉思；思考
◎on reflection再三考虑
◎As I spoke，I noticed that my classmates'rapt attention，curiosity and respect were reflected in their eyes．
我说话的时候，注意到同学们全神贯注的样子，他们的眼睛里透着好奇与尊重。
3．argue [课本义]vi．争论，争吵　[增补义]vt．& vi．论证；说理；争辩
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 2)Heated _________ (argue) and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents．
②It's no use arguing ___________ the question with him for he won't change his opinion．
③They argued him into _______ (cycle) instead of driving there．
④Few people can argue _______ the need for improved quality of life．
　读后续写之动作、心理描写
她耐心地说服弟弟不要跑着穿过繁忙的街道，同时轻轻地拉住他的胳膊把他拽了回来。
With patience，_________________________________________________________
_____________________，pulling him back gently by the arm．
◎argue with sb．about/over sth．与某人争论某事
◎argue for/against sth．为支持/反对某事而争辩
◎argue that...提出/认为/论证……
◎argue sb．into/out of doing sth．说服某人做/不做某事
◎argument n．理由；论据；争论；争吵
◎(2024·北京卷)The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable．
18世纪的哲学家康德认为，宇宙最终是由不可知的“自在之物”构成的。
4．assume vt．[课本义]认为；假定，假设　[增补义]承担(责任)
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 5)So can I assume ____ the aim of the festival is to raise money
②We assume him ______ (be) innocent before hearing the evidence against him．
③________ (assume) the house is for sale，would you buy it
　读后续写之环境描写
人们认为，那座在山上矗立了几个世纪的古老寺庙，见证了村民们无数的故事。
_____________________ the old temple，standing on the mountain for centuries，has witnessed countless stories of the villagers．
◎assume＋n．＋to be...认为……是……
◎assume (that)...认为/假定/假设……
◎It is (generally) assumed that...人们(普遍)认为……
◎assuming/supposing (that)...假定……
◎assumption n．假定；假设
◎on the assumption that 在假定的情况下
◎We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up．
我们假定每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
5．exist vi．[课本义]存在；实际上有　[增补义]生活，生存
①Scientists are trying their best to save white-naped cranes from going out of _________ (exist)．
②Many endangered animals exist __ the remaining forests，so we must take action to protect their habitats．
③A strong sense of pride existed __ her heart when she saw the award for her efforts．
　应用文写作之介绍信
庆祝春节的传统在4 000多年前出现。
The tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival _____________________________________________________．
◎exist in...存在于……之中
◎exist on...＝live on...靠……为生
◎existence n．存在
◎out of existence消失
◎come into existence出现，产生
◎(2024·北京卷)While he held the notion that objective reality exists，he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions．
虽然他认为客观现实是存在的，但他说，我们的大脑在构建和塑造我们的感知方面发挥着必要的作用。
6．recommend vt．推荐；建议
①Experts recommend __________ (exercise) at least three times a week，but only 28% of students manage that．
②I recommend you ________________________ (think) very carefully before you do anything important．
③Teachers recommend that parents ______________________ (not allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety．
　应用文写作之推荐信
我强烈推荐李华担任学生会秘书一职，因为他做事有条理且善于沟通。
I strongly ____________________________________________________________，
as he is organised and good at communication．
◎recommend sth．to sb．向某人推荐某物
◎recommend sb．for...推荐某人……(某职位)
◎recommend sb．as...推荐某人为……
◎recommend doing sth．建议做某事
◎recommend sb．to do sth．建议某人做某事
◎recommend (that) sb．(should) do sth．建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I know you grow lots of fruit on your land．Which would you recommend to beginners as the best to grow
我知道你在自己的土地上种了很多水果。你会向初学者推荐哪一种作为最适合种植的水果？
7．arrangement n．[课本义]计划；安排　[增补义]筹备(常用复数形式)
①However，after learning for about six months，I was asked to perform something at the year-end concert ________ (arrange) by my teacher．
②The professor arranged for a student ________ (meet) his new partner at the subway station，who was unfamiliar with the city．
　应用文写作之邀请信
你能提前通知我你的计划吗？这样我就可以相应地安排你的来访了。
Will you please inform me of your plan in advance，so that I can __________________________________________________________________？
◎make arrangements/an arrangement for...为……做安排
◎arrange v．筹备；安排；整理
◎arrange to do sth．安排做某事
◎arrange for...to do sth．安排……做某事
◎She arranged to leave the village before dawn，packing a small bag with only some dry bread and a bottle of water．
她安排好在黎明前离开村庄，收拾了一个小袋子，里面只装了一些干面包和一瓶水。
8．end up doing 最终做了；以做……告终
①He ended up ______ (live) in a nursing home．
②It is possible that one day we will end up ____ a temporary physical inconvenience．
③Stop spending so fast，or you'll end up __ someone struggling with tight finances．
　应用文写作之活动通知
夏令营将于本周五下午5点结束，届时我们将在大厅集合参加闭营仪式。
___________________________________________________________________，and we will gather in the hall for a closing ceremony．
◎end up in结果为……；最终会……
◎end up with以……结束
◎end up as最后成为
◎come to an end结束
◎put...to an end＝put an end to使……结束
◎With a loud shout，he rushed forward to put the quarrel between his two friends to an end，pulling them apart firmly．
他大喊一声，冲上前去制止两个朋友之间的争吵，用力把他们拉开。
9．work out [课本义]弄懂某事物；计算出　[增补义]锻炼；进展(顺利)；解决
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Researchers are working __ making a form of medicine that can be taken directly into one's lungs．
②Bending over the desk，she worked __ mastering the skill of solving math problems，her pencil moving quickly across the paper．
③Standing at the factory gate，he felt a heavy weight in his heart—he was out __ work，with no idea how to support his family．
　应用文写作之建议信
我相信你可以顺利解决这个问题。
I believe that you can __________________________________．
◎work at致力于；努力做
◎work on努力改善(或完成)
◎be out of work失业
◎at work在工作
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)While she was at work one day，I borrowed her bike and went for a ride．
有一天她在上班，我借了她的自行车去骑。
10．be based on...以……为根据
①A positive attitude serves as the _____(base)for overcoming difficulties，giving us the courage to face challenges and turn them into opportunities．
②The _____ (base) principle of mutual respect enables people from different backgrounds to build positive connections．
③There have been some problems but _________ (basic) it's a good system．
　读后续写之情节描写
探险者们根据那张旧地图，决定改变路线，希望能避开那个危险的山谷。
____________________________________________，the explorers decided to change their route，hoping to avoid the dangerous valley．
◎base n．基础；根据；根基；底座；源泉
v．以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
◎base on/upon...以……为基础/根据
◎basis n．基础；原因；方式
◎on the basis of...在……的基础上；根据……
◎basic adj．基础的；基本的
◎basically adv．基本上，大体上
◎(2024·北京卷)Based on the information entered by each student，potential pairs are identified．
根据每个学生输入的信息，确定有潜力的一对。
11．fit in 融入；相适应
①After months of training，she is finally fit ________ (take) part in the national swimming competition．
②I recognise that I am not fit ___ the job．
　读后续写之心理描写
尽管莉莉努力微笑并加入他们的谈话，但她仍觉得自己无法融入，双手在背后紧张地绞着。
Though she tried to smile and join in their talks，Lily still felt _______________________，with her hands twisting nervously behind her back．
◎fit in with sb．/sth．与……合得来；适应……
◎be fit to do sth．适合做某事；有能力做某事
◎be fit for胜任；适合
◎Traditional art forms need to fit in with modern cultural trends to gain wider appeal．
传统艺术形式需要与现代文化潮流相适应，以获得更广泛的吸引力。
12．[教材原句]Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all．(祈使句＋连词＋陈述句)
在你的观点上灵活些，最终，你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)Change your thoughts，___ you change your world．
②Hurry up，_____________ you will not be able to catch the first bus．
　完成句子
再给我一个小时，我就会完成工作。
Give me one more hour，____________________________________．
◎祈使句＋and＋陈述句，表示如果做了祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
◎祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句，表示如果不做祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
◎Shut the window，otherwise it'll get too cold in here．
把窗户关好，不然屋子里就太冷了。
13．[教材原句]Yet，there are some people who do have amazing memories．(do/does/did用来加强语气)
然而，有些人确实有着惊人的记忆力。
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6)And even if the first settlers __ reach Mars safely，they may not be able to return to Earth—ever．
②To our joy，he ___ manage to finish the task ahead of schedule yesterday．
③She ____ love the red car but she can't afford it at present．
　完成句子
别责怪他，他至少还特地写信说了声谢谢。
Don't blame him—______________________________________________．
◎“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
◎(2024·全国甲卷)The ending they got did make the most sense for them．
他们得到的结局对他们来说确实是最有意义的。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Public _________ about the disease is still a cause for concern．Patients，it is claimed，were ________ of what was wrong with them．It's a pity that the disease is being _______ by most people．(ignore)
2．His __________ paintings left us a deep __________．All of us were _________ by his unique painting style．(impress)
3．If we want to ________ as many new words as we can，effective techniques are needed apart from a good ______．(memory)
4．We're overwhelmed with __________ (excite) at the knowledge that an oral English class will be arranged for us．
5．During the farewell party，there was an _________ (emotion) atmosphere as everyone said goodbye to their friends．
6．The government's ________ (argue) is that they must first aim to beat inflation．
7．Though many species have disappeared，the discovery of fossils can prove their _________ (exist)．
8．If you are not contented with our ____________ (arrangement)，please tell us so that we can adjust them timely．
9．If you can't keep a balance between life and work，you may end up _____________ (accomplish) nothing．
10．_________ (promote) traditional festivals helps spread knowledge about our national history．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．approach
A．n．方法　B．n．通道，路径　C．vt．着手处理　D．vt．接洽；建议　E．v．接近
(1)(2023·浙江1月卷)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to“low-impact”solar development，which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land． _________
(2)Human qualities also involve how you think，how you approach problems，and how you break them down，and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算法的) design． _________
(3)The charity approached several stores about giving food aid． _________
(4)(2024·北京卷) One night，in my early 40s，I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me，handed me a bag of paints，and told me to start painting． _________
(5)We work out that this is the only approach to the small village． _________
2．sharp
A．(感官)敏锐的　B．剧烈的，猛烈的　C．锋利的　D．急剧的
(1)I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap． _________
(2)While smart lights can be particularly beneficial to some cities，others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference． _________
(3)Learning much from it，I came to understand why cactuses and other dry plants have sharp leaves． _________
(4)I felt a sharp pain in my back．That's why I was absent from the meeting． _________
3．work out
A．锻炼　B．制定出　C．进展(顺利)　D．解决
(1)I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't respond to it． _________
(2)He recommended working out the difficult problem in a completely new way． _________
(3)The man advises the woman to keep working out regularly． _________
(4)We didn't plan our art exhibition like this，but it worked out well． _________
4．(2024·浙江1月卷) We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction． _________
A．表达，反映　 B．映出(影像)　 C．仔细思考
5．Nicolo，whose real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italy's privacy laws，finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin． _________
A．暴露 B．使遭受 C．使面临
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．听到这个好消息，他不禁发出了一声欢呼。
When hearing the good news，__________________________________________________．
2．当谈到是什么造就了一个成功的人时，每个人都可能有自己的看法。
(1)_______________________________________________________，everyone may have his own opinion．
(2)___________________________________________，opinions may vary from person to person．
3．每天做适当的锻炼，你就会变得更健康、更强壮。
(1)_________________________________________________，and you will become healthier and stronger．
(2)___________________________________________________，you will become healthier and stronger．
4．他在音乐会上的表演给我留下了很深的印象。
(1)He ___________________________ his performance at the concert．(impress)
(2)I ________________________________ his performance at the concert．(be impressed with/by)
(3)His performance at the concert ___________________________________ me．(impression)
学校英文报正在开展以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．学习活动状况描述；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
　写作微练
①随着智能手机和电脑的日益普及，越来越多的学生在课堂之外采用不同的方法学习英语。(adopt...to...)
With the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students ___________________________________________________________ beyond the classroom．
②我们可以很容易地看到，65%的学生认为通过听英语歌曲来学习英语很容易，而50%的学生更喜欢看英语电影。(while连接并列分句)
We can easily see that 65% of the students think that it's easy to learn English by listening to English songs ________________________________________．
③总共只有30%的学生使用英语书籍和英语学习网站。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
④我认为阅读是学习英语最有益的方法。(assume)
I ___________________________________________________ to learn English．
⑤由于缺乏自律，一些学生很容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩电脑游戏。(result)
________________________________________________，some students are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games．
⑥只有当我们意识到阅读的重要性时，我们才能专注于阅读。加强家长和教师的指导也是当务之急。(aware，urgent)
We can apply ourselves to it only when we ____________________________________________．_________________________________________________________________________________．
　句式升级
⑦将句②改写为“谓语＋宾语＋宾补＋to do”结构
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑧用be exposed to改写句③
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑨用倒装句改写句⑥
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
【参考范文】
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are adopting different approaches to learning English beyond the classroom．
According to the above chart，we can easily see that 65% of the students think English easy to learn by listening to English songs while 50% prefer watching English movies．However，altogether only 30% of the students are exposed to English books and English learning websites．
I assume reading to be the most beneficial way to learn English．Unfortunately，as a result of a lack of self-discipline，some students are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games．Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it．In addition，it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance．
　语料积累
教材语料 亮词 情感描写：excitement；take it easy；be honoured to do sth．；emotional
人物描写：assume；automatic；flexible；ignore；unfamiliar；memorise；acquire；sharp；reflective
动作描写：reflect on；argue with；brush up (on)；expose；work out；attempt to；recommend
美句 1．This is because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement． 2．Active learners do not judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings．
拓展 语料 单词 nervous adj．紧张的；uneasy adj．担忧的，不安的→uneasiness n．担忧，不安；tense adj．紧张的，焦虑的→tension n．紧张，焦虑
语块 be on pins and needles如坐针毡；have butterflies in one's stomach忐忑不安；like ants on a hot pan像热锅上的蚂蚁；be seized/overcome with panic/fear惊慌失措/十分害怕；one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼；one's heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear吓得心怦怦跳；pace restlessly up and down不安地踱来踱去；hands shake手发抖；palms sweat手心出汗；feel one's throat tight and one's mouth dry感到喉咙发紧，嘴发干
句型 1．All students were waiting for their first examination results anxiously，as if on pins and needles．(比喻句) 所有的学生都焦急地等待着他们第一次考试的结果，如坐针毡。 2．Considering that he would be faced with completely new surroundings，a flood of fear welled up in him．(无灵主语句) 想到他将面对全新的环境，恐惧的洪流涌上了他的心头。 3．So nervous did I feel that my throat tightened and my knees weakened．(倒装句) 我感到很紧张，喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。 4．I was shaking like a leaf when I went up to deliver my speech in front of all those people．(比喻句) 当我上去在所有那些人面前发表演讲时，我紧张得发抖。 5．His heart beat wildly with uneasiness and his legs trembled． 他的心不安地狂跳，两腿发抖。 6．Anxious and nervous，I had no choice but to put up with what was going on．(形容词短语作状语) 既焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只能忍受正在发生的事情。
　语料运用
①我们都忐忑不安地等待着我们的学习搭档的宣布。我一直期待着有一个外向且容易相处的女生搭档。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
______________________________________，we were all anxiously waiting for the announcement of our learning partners．I had been looking forward to a female partner who was outgoing and easy to get along with．
②令我失望的是，我被分配和一个非常严肃的家伙一起合作，他总是穿着深色的衣服，而且总是对别人的课业不满意。
To my disappointment，__________________________________________________ who always wore dark clothes and was always dissatisfied with others'work．
③一阵不安涌上我的心头。(无灵主语句)
______________________________________________
④老实说，每次跟他说话，我都很紧张，以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖也不受控制地颤抖。(倒装句)
To be honest，__________________________________________________________
________________________________ whenever speaking to him．
⑤我知道他不相信我，每次他朝我这边看，我的心就开始紧张地狂跳。
I knew he didn't believe me，and every time he looked my way，___________________________________________________．
⑥由于既焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只能集中精力和他练习说英语。(形容词短语作状语)
_____________________，I had no choice but to concentrate on practising speaking English with him．
⑦然而，我渐渐发现他其实有好的性格，这消除了我的焦虑和紧张。他总是提醒我放轻松，不要理会别人的笑声。(非限制性定语从句)
However，I gradually found he actually had a good personality，____________________________________________．He always reminded me to take it easy and ignore others'laughter．
必修第三册　UNIT 9
考点归纳　精准讲练
1．①to approach　②approaching　③bringing
完美写作
approached the stranger cautiously
2．①is reflected　②on/upon　③reflection
完美写作
reflected its soft light in the calm lake
3．①arguments　②about/over　③cycling　④against
完美写作
she argued her little brother out of running across the busy street
4．①that　②to be　③Assuming
完美写作
It is assumed that
5．①existence　②on　③in
完美写作
came into existence more than 4，000 years ago
6．①exercising　②to think/should think　③(should) not allow
完美写作
recommend Li Hua for the position of student union secretary
7．①arranged　②to meet
完美写作
make arrangements/an arrangement for your visit accordingly
8．①living　②with　③as
完美写作
The summer camp will come to an end at 5 pm this Friday
9．①on　②at　③of
完美写作
work out this problem smoothly
10．①basis　②basic　③basically
完美写作
On the basis of/Based on the old map
11．①to take　②for
完美写作
she couldn't fit in
12．①and　②or/otherwise
完美写作
and I'll get the work finished
13．①do　②did　③does
完美写作
he did at least write to say thank you
基础巩固　达标训练
Ⅰ．1．ignorance；ignorant；ignored　2．impressive；impression；impressed　3．memorise；memory　4．excitement　5．emotional　6．argument　7．existence　8．arrangements　9．accomplishing　10．Promoting
Ⅱ．1．(1)A　(2)C　(3)D　(4)E　(5)B
2．(1)A　(2)D　(3)C　(4)B
3．(1)B　(2)D　(3)A　(4)C
4．A　5．A
Ⅲ．1．he couldn't help letting out a cry of joy　2．(1)When it comes to what makes a successful person　(2)As for what makes a successful person　3．(1)Take a proper amount of exercise every day　(2)Taking a proper amount of exercise every day　4．(1)impressed me deeply with　(2)was deeply impressed with/by　(3)left/made a deep impression on
主题引领　写作提能
应用文写作
Step 1　写作微练
①are adopting different approaches to learning English　②while 50% prefer watching English movies　③Altogether only 30% of the students use English books and English learning websites．　④assume reading to be the most beneficial way　⑤As a result of a lack of self-discipline　⑥are aware of the importance of reading；It's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance
Step 2　句式升级
⑦We can easily see that 65% of the students think English easy to learn by listening to English songs while 50% prefer watching English movies．　⑧Altogether only 30% of the students are exposed to English books and English learning websites．
⑨Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it．It's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance．
Step 3　妙笔成篇
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are adopting different approaches to learning English beyond the classroom．
According to the above chart，we can easily see that 65% of the students think English easy to learn by listening to English songs while 50% prefer watching English movies．However，altogether only 30% of the students are exposed to English books and English learning websites．
I assume reading to be the most beneficial way to learn English．Unfortunately，as a result of a lack of self-discipline，some students are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games．Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it．In addition，it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance．
读后续写
Step 2　语料运用
①Having butterflies in our stomachs　②I was assigned to work with an extremely serious guy　③A flood of uneasiness welled up in me．　④so nervous was I that my throat tightened and my knees trembled uncontrollably　⑤my heart started pounding wildly with tension　⑥Anxious and nervous　⑦which erased my anxiety and nervousness
7 / 17(共208张PPT)
必修第三册　UNIT 9　LEARNING
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题 导图串记
考点归纳 精准讲练
1．approach [课本义]n．方法　[增补义]n．接近；路径 v．(在距离或时间上)靠近，接近；接洽；着手处理
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 4)Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh's Sunflowers．It was hard ___________ (approach) the painting as there were so many people around．
②With the final exam ___________ (approach)，all students are busy reviewing their notes，which they believe will help them get good grades．
③They have a special approach to ________ (bring) up their children．
to approach
approaching
bringing
完美写作　读后续写之动作描写
小狗小心翼翼地走近那个陌生人，尾巴慢慢摇着，仿佛在努力表示友好。
The little dog _________________________________，its tail wagging slowly as if trying to show friendliness．
approached the stranger cautiously
◎approach sth．/sb．接近某物/某人
◎an approach to (doing) sth．(做)某事的方法/途径；通往……的道路
◎with...approaching在……快到的时候
◎(2025·全国二卷)This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain．
这种方法让我不必过度解释，从而避免了那种不适感。
2．reflect [课本义]vi．& vt．仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映　[增补义]vt．反射；显示
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 6)What sort of attitude to life ____________ (reflect) in the author's experience of looking at the night sky
②Reflecting ________ her volunteer experience，Tina felt proud．
③On __________ (reflect)，I realize your advice was not only practical but also timely，so I'm writing to express my sincere thanks．
is reflected
on/upon
reflection
完美写作　读后续写之环境描写
满月在平静的湖面上映出柔和的光芒，周围的树木投下影子，在水面上轻轻摇曳。
The full moon __________________________________，with the surrounding trees showing their shadows dancing gently on the water．
reflected its soft light in the calm lake
◎reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
◎reflect on/upon sth．认真思考某事
◎reflection n．反射；反映；映像；沉思；思考
◎on reflection再三考虑
◎As I spoke，I noticed that my classmates'rapt attention，curiosity and respect were reflected in their eyes．
我说话的时候，注意到同学们全神贯注的样子，他们的眼睛里透着好奇与尊重。
3．argue [课本义]vi．争论，争吵　[增补义]vt．& vi．论证；说理；争辩
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 2)Heated _________ (argue) and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents．
②It's no use arguing ___________ the question with him for he won't change his opinion．
③They argued him into _______ (cycle) instead of driving there．
④Few people can argue _______ the need for improved quality of life．
arguments
about/over
cycling
against
完美写作　读后续写之动作、心理描写
她耐心地说服弟弟不要跑着穿过繁忙的街道，同时轻轻地拉住他的胳膊把他拽了回来。
With patience，_____________________________________________
_________________，pulling him back gently by the arm．
she argued her little brother out of running across
the busy street
◎argue with sb．about/over sth．与某人争论某事
◎argue for/against sth．为支持/反对某事而争辩
◎argue that...提出/认为/论证……
◎argue sb．into/out of doing sth．说服某人做/不做某事
◎argument n．理由；论据；争论；争吵
◎(2024·北京卷)The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable．
18世纪的哲学家康德认为，宇宙最终是由不可知的“自在之物”构成的。
4．assume vt．[课本义]认为；假定，假设　[增补义]承担(责任)
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 5)So can I assume ____ the aim of the festival is to raise money
②We assume him _____ (be) innocent before hearing the evidence against him．
③_________ (assume) the house is for sale，would you buy it
that
to be
Assuming
完美写作　读后续写之环境描写
人们认为，那座在山上矗立了几个世纪的古老寺庙，见证了村民们无数的故事。
__________________ the old temple，standing on the mountain for centuries，has witnessed countless stories of the villagers．
It is assumed that
◎assume＋n．＋to be...认为……是……
◎assume (that)...认为/假定/假设……
◎It is (generally) assumed that...人们(普遍)认为……
◎assuming/supposing (that)...假定……
◎assumption n．假定；假设
◎on the assumption that 在假定的情况下
◎We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up．
我们假定每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
5．exist vi．[课本义]存在；实际上有　[增补义]生活，生存
①Scientists are trying their best to save white-naped cranes from going out of _________ (exist)．
②Many endangered animals exist __ the remaining forests，so we must take action to protect their habitats．
③A strong sense of pride existed __ her heart when she saw the award for her efforts．
existence
on
in
完美写作　应用文写作之介绍信
庆祝春节的传统在4 000多年前出现。
The tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival _____________________
_________________________．
came into existence
more than 4，000 years ago
◎exist in...存在于……之中
◎exist on...＝live on...靠……为生
◎existence n．存在
◎out of existence消失
◎come into existence出现，产生
◎(2024·北京卷)While he held the notion that objective reality exists，he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions．
虽然他认为客观现实是存在的，但他说，我们的大脑在构建和塑造我们的感知方面发挥着必要的作用。
6．recommend vt．推荐；建议
①Experts recommend __________ (exercise) at least three times a week，but only 28% of students manage that．
②I recommend you ______________________ (think) very carefully before you do anything important．
③Teachers recommend that parents ____________________ (not allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety．
exercising
to think/should think
(should) not allow
完美写作　应用文写作之推荐信
我强烈推荐李华担任学生会秘书一职，因为他做事有条理且善于沟通。
I strongly __________________________________________________，
as he is organised and good at communication．
recommend Li Hua for the position of student union secretary
◎recommend sth．to sb．向某人推荐某物
◎recommend sb．for...推荐某人……(某职位)
◎recommend sb．as...推荐某人为……
◎recommend doing sth．建议做某事
◎recommend sb．to do sth．建议某人做某事
◎recommend (that) sb．(should) do sth．建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I know you grow lots of fruit on your land．Which would you recommend to beginners as the best to grow
我知道你在自己的土地上种了很多水果。你会向初学者推荐哪一种作为最适合种植的水果？
7．arrangement n．[课本义]计划；安排　[增补义]筹备(常用复数形式)
①However，after learning for about six months，I was asked to perform something at the year-end concert ________ (arrange) by my teacher．
②The professor arranged for a student _______ (meet) his new partner at the subway station，who was unfamiliar with the city．
arranged
to meet
完美写作　应用文写作之邀请信
你能提前通知我你的计划吗？这样我就可以相应地安排你的来访了。
Will you please inform me of your plan in advance，so that I can _________________________________________________________？
make arrangements/an arrangement for your visit accordingly
◎make arrangements/an arrangement for...为……做安排
◎arrange v．筹备；安排；整理
◎arrange to do sth．安排做某事
◎arrange for...to do sth．安排……做某事
◎She arranged to leave the village before dawn，packing a small bag with only some dry bread and a bottle of water．
她安排好在黎明前离开村庄，收拾了一个小袋子，里面只装了一些干面包和一瓶水。
8．end up doing 最终做了；以做……告终
①He ended up ______ (live) in a nursing home．
②It is possible that one day we will end up ____ a temporary physical inconvenience．
③Stop spending so fast，or you'll end up __ someone struggling with tight finances．
living
with
as
完美写作　应用文写作之活动通知
夏令营将于本周五下午5点结束，届时我们将在大厅集合参加闭营仪式。
_______________________________________________，and we will gather in the hall for a closing ceremony．
The summer camp will come to an end at 5 pm this Friday
◎end up in结果为……；最终会……
◎end up with以……结束
◎end up as最后成为
◎come to an end结束
◎put...to an end＝put an end to使……结束
◎With a loud shout，he rushed forward to put the quarrel between his two friends to an end，pulling them apart firmly．
他大喊一声，冲上前去制止两个朋友之间的争吵，用力把他们拉开。
9．work out [课本义]弄懂某事物；计算出　[增补义]锻炼；进展(顺利)；解决
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Researchers are working __ making a form of medicine that can be taken directly into one's lungs．
②Bending over the desk，she worked __ mastering the skill of solving math problems，her pencil moving quickly across the paper．
③Standing at the factory gate，he felt a heavy weight in his heart—he was out __ work，with no idea how to support his family．
on
at
of
完美写作　应用文写作之建议信
我相信你可以顺利解决这个问题。
I believe that you can ______________________________．
work out this problem smoothly
◎work at致力于；努力做
◎work on努力改善(或完成)
◎be out of work失业
◎at work在工作
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)While she was at work one day，I borrowed her bike and went for a ride．
有一天她在上班，我借了她的自行车去骑。
10．be based on...以……为根据
①A positive attitude serves as the _____(base)for overcoming difficulties，giving us the courage to face challenges and turn them into opportunities．
②The _____ (base) principle of mutual respect enables people from different backgrounds to build positive connections．
③There have been some problems but _________ (basic) it's a good system．
basis
basic
basically
完美写作　读后续写之情节描写
探险者们根据那张旧地图，决定改变路线，希望能避开那个危险的山谷。
______________________________________，the explorers decided to change their route，hoping to avoid the dangerous valley．
On the basis of/Based on the old map
◎base n．基础；根据；根基；底座；源泉
v．以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
◎base on/upon...以……为基础/根据
◎basis n．基础；原因；方式
◎on the basis of...在……的基础上；根据……
◎basic adj．基础的；基本的
◎basically adv．基本上，大体上
◎(2024·北京卷)Based on the information entered by each student，potential pairs are identified．
根据每个学生输入的信息，确定有潜力的一对。
11．fit in 融入；相适应
①After months of training，she is finally fit _______ (take) part in the national swimming competition．
②I recognise that I am not fit ___ the job．
to take
for
完美写作　读后续写之心理描写
尽管莉莉努力微笑并加入他们的谈话，但她仍觉得自己无法融入，双手在背后紧张地绞着。
Though she tried to smile and join in their talks，Lily still felt ____________________，with her hands twisting nervously behind her back．
she couldn't fit in
◎fit in with sb．/sth．与……合得来；适应……
◎be fit to do sth．适合做某事；有能力做某事
◎be fit for胜任；适合
◎Traditional art forms need to fit in with modern cultural trends to gain wider appeal．
传统艺术形式需要与现代文化潮流相适应，以获得更广泛的吸引力。
12．[教材原句]Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all．(祈使句＋连词＋陈述句)
在你的观点上灵活些，最终，你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)Change your thoughts，___ you change your world．
②Hurry up，_____________ you will not be able to catch the first bus．
and
or/otherwise
完美写作　完成句子
再给我一个小时，我就会完成工作。
Give me one more hour，_______________________________．
and I'll get the work finished
◎祈使句＋and＋陈述句，表示如果做了祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
◎祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句，表示如果不做祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
◎Shut the window，otherwise it'll get too cold in here．
把窗户关好，不然屋子里就太冷了。
13．[教材原句]Yet，there are some people who do have amazing memories．(do/does/did用来加强语气)
然而，有些人确实有着惊人的记忆力。
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6)And even if the first settlers __ reach Mars safely，they may not be able to return to Earth—ever．
②To our joy，he ___ manage to finish the task ahead of schedule yesterday．
③She ____ love the red car but she can't afford it at present．
do
did
does
完美写作　完成句子
别责怪他，他至少还特地写信说了声谢谢。
Don't blame him—______________________________________．
he did at least write to say thank you
◎“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
◎(2024·全国甲卷)The ending they got did make the most sense for them．
他们得到的结局对他们来说确实是最有意义的。
基础巩固 达标训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Public _________ about the disease is still a cause for concern．Patients，it is claimed，were ________ of what was wrong with them．It's a pity that the disease is being _______ by most people．(ignore)
2．His __________ paintings left us a deep __________．All of us were _________ by his unique painting style．(impress)
ignorance
ignorant
ignored
impressive
impression
impressed
3．If we want to ________ as many new words as we can，effective techniques are needed apart from a good ________．(memory)
4．We're overwhelmed with __________ (excite) at the knowledge that an oral English class will be arranged for us．
5．During the farewell party，there was an _________ (emotion) atmosphere as everyone said goodbye to their friends．
6．The government's ________ (argue) is that they must first aim to beat inflation．
memorise
memory
excitement
emotional
argument
7．Though many species have disappeared，the discovery of fossils can prove their _________ (exist)．
8．If you are not contented with our ____________ (arrangement)，please tell us so that we can adjust them timely．
9．If you can't keep a balance between life and work，you may end up _____________ (accomplish) nothing．
10．_________ (promote) traditional festivals helps spread knowledge about our national history．
existence
arrangements
accomplishing
Promoting
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．approach
A．n．方法　B．n．通道，路径　C．vt．着手处理　D．vt．接洽；建议　E．v．接近
(1)(2023·浙江1月卷)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to“low-impact”solar development，which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land． __
A
(2)Human qualities also involve how you think，how you approach problems，and how you break them down，and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算法的) design． __
(3)The charity approached several stores about giving food aid． __
(4)(2024·北京卷) One night，in my early 40s，I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me，handed me a bag of paints，and told me to start painting． __
(5)We work out that this is the only approach to the small village． __
C
D
E
B
2．sharp
A．(感官)敏锐的　B．剧烈的，猛烈的　C．锋利的　D．急剧的
(1)I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap． __
(2)While smart lights can be particularly beneficial to some cities，others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference． __
A
D
(3)Learning much from it，I came to understand why cactuses and other dry plants have sharp leaves． __
(4)I felt a sharp pain in my back．That's why I was absent from the meeting． __
C
B
3．work out
A．锻炼　B．制定出　C．进展(顺利)　D．解决
(1)I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't respond to it． __
(2)He recommended working out the difficult problem in a completely new way． __
(3)The man advises the woman to keep working out regularly． __
(4)We didn't plan our art exhibition like this，but it worked out well． __
B
D
A
C
4．(2024·浙江1月卷) We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction． __
A．表达，反映　 B．映出(影像)　 C．仔细思考
5．Nicolo，whose real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italy's privacy laws，finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin． __
A．暴露 B．使遭受 C．使面临
A
A
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．听到这个好消息，他不禁发出了一声欢呼。
When hearing the good news，_______________________________．
2．当谈到是什么造就了一个成功的人时，每个人都可能有自己的看法。
(1)_______________________________________________，everyone may have his own opinion．
(2)______________________________________，opinions may vary from person to person．
he couldn't help letting out a cry of joy
When it comes to what makes a successful person
As for what makes a successful person
3．每天做适当的锻炼，你就会变得更健康、更强壮。
(1)______________________________________，and you will become healthier and stronger．
(2)_________________________________________，you will become healthier and stronger．
Take a proper amount of exercise every day
Taking a proper amount of exercise every day
4．他在音乐会上的表演给我留下了很深的印象。
(1)He _______________________ his performance at the concert．(impress)
(2)I ___________________________ his performance at the concert．
(be impressed with/by)
(3)His performance at the concert _______________________________ me．(impression)
impressed me deeply with
was deeply impressed with/by
left/made a deep impression on
主题引领 写作提能
学校英文报正在开展以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．学习活动状况描述；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
Step1　写作微练
①随着智能手机和电脑的日益普及，越来越多的学生在课堂之外采用不同的方法学习英语。(adopt...to...)
With the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students __________________________________
__________________ beyond the classroom．
are adopting different approaches to
learning English
②我们可以很容易地看到，65%的学生认为通过听英语歌曲来学习英语很容易，而50%的学生更喜欢看英语电影。(while连接并列分句)
We can easily see that 65% of the students think that it's easy to learn English by listening to English songs ____________________________
____________．
③总共只有30%的学生使用英语书籍和英语学习网站。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
while 50% prefer watching English
Altogether only 30% of the students use English books and English learning websites．
movies
④我认为阅读是学习英语最有益的方法。(assume)
I __________________________________________ to learn English．
⑤由于缺乏自律，一些学生很容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩电脑游戏。(result)
__________________________________，some students are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games．
assume reading to be the most beneficial way
As a result of a lack of self-discipline
⑥只有当我们意识到阅读的重要性时，我们才能专注于阅读。加强家长和教师的指导也是当务之急。(aware，urgent)
We can apply ourselves to it only when we ________________________
______________．_______________________________________________________________________．
are aware of the importance
It's also urgent for parents and teachers
of reading
to strengthen their guidance
Step2　句式升级
⑦将句②改写为“谓语＋宾语＋宾补＋to do”结构
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________⑧用be exposed to改写句③
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
We can easily see that 65% of the students think English easy to learn by listening to English songs while 50% prefer watching English movies．
Altogether only 30% of the students are exposed to English books and English learning websites．
⑨用倒装句改写句⑥
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it．It's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance．
Step3　妙笔成篇
【参考范文】
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are adopting different approaches to learning English beyond the classroom．
According to the above chart，we can easily see that 65% of the students think English easy to learn by listening to English songs while 50% prefer watching English movies．However，altogether only 30% of the students are exposed to English books and English learning websites．
I assume reading to be the most beneficial way to learn English．Unfortunately，as a result of a lack of self-discipline，some students are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games．Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it．In addition，it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance．
教材 语料 亮词 情感描写：excitement；take it easy；be honoured to do sth．；emotional
人物描写：assume；automatic；flexible；ignore；unfamiliar；memorise；acquire；sharp；reflective
动作描写：reflect on；argue with；brush up (on)；expose；work out；attempt to；recommend
Step1　语料积累
教材 语料 美句 1．This is because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement．
2．Active learners do not judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings．
拓展 语料 单词 nervous adj．紧张的；uneasy adj．担忧的，不安的→uneasiness n．担忧，不安；tense adj．紧张的，焦虑的→tension n．紧张，焦虑
拓展 语料 语块 be on pins and needles如坐针毡；have butterflies in one's stomach忐忑不安；like ants on a hot pan像热锅上的蚂蚁；be seized/overcome with panic/fear惊慌失措/十分害怕；one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼；one's heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear吓得心怦怦跳；pace restlessly up and down不安地踱来踱去；hands shake手发抖；palms sweat手心出汗；feel one's throat tight and one's mouth dry感到喉咙发紧，嘴发干
拓展 语料 句型 1．All students were waiting for their first examination results anxiously，as if on pins and needles．(比喻句)
所有的学生都焦急地等待着他们第一次考试的结果，如坐针毡。
2．Considering that he would be faced with completely new surroundings，a flood of fear welled up in him．(无灵主语句)
想到他将面对全新的环境，恐惧的洪流涌上了他的心头。
3．So nervous did I feel that my throat tightened and my knees weakened．(倒装句)
我感到很紧张，喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
拓展 语料 句型 4．I was shaking like a leaf when I went up to deliver my speech in front of all those people．(比喻句)
当我上去在所有那些人面前发表演讲时，我紧张得发抖。
5．His heart beat wildly with uneasiness and his legs trembled．
他的心不安地狂跳，两腿发抖。
6．Anxious and nervous，I had no choice but to put up with what was going on．(形容词短语作状语)
既焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只能忍受正在发生的事情。
Step2　语料运用
①我们都忐忑不安地等待着我们的学习搭档的宣布。我一直期待着有一个外向且容易相处的女生搭档。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
_________________________________，we were all anxiously waiting for the announcement of our learning partners．I had been looking forward to a female partner who was outgoing and easy to get along with．
Having butterflies in our stomachs
②令我失望的是，我被分配和一个非常严肃的家伙一起合作，他总是穿着深色的衣服，而且总是对别人的课业不满意。
To my disappointment，_______________________________________
__________ who always wore dark clothes and was always dissatisfied with others'work．
③一阵不安涌上我的心头。(无灵主语句)
________________________________________
I was assigned to work with an extremely
A flood of uneasiness welled up in me．
serious guy
④老实说，每次跟他说话，我都很紧张，以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖也不受控制地颤抖。(倒装句)
To be honest，______________________________________________
________________________ whenever speaking to him．
⑤我知道他不相信我，每次他朝我这边看，我的心就开始紧张地狂跳。
I knew he didn't believe me，and every time he looked my way，_____________________________________________．
so nervous was I that my throat tightened and my knees
my heart started pounding wildly with tension
trembled uncontrollably
⑥由于既焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只能集中精力和他练习说英语。(形容词短语作状语)
____________________，I had no choice but to concentrate on practising speaking English with him．
⑦然而，我渐渐发现他其实有好的性格，这消除了我的焦虑和紧张。他总是提醒我放轻松，不要理会别人的笑声。(非限制性定语从句)
However，I gradually found he actually had a good personality，_______________________________________．He always reminded me to take it easy and ignore others'laughter．
Anxious and nervous
which erased my anxiety and nervousness
题型组合练(十七)　必修第三册　UNIT 9　LEARNING
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：45分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
(2025·江苏南通模拟)
Course overview
Becoming an effective communicator can help you achieve your goals in life，both professionally and personally．In this course，you will learn how to engage an audience and find and use the power of your own unique style．
What will I learn
By the end of the course you will be able to：
·apply the principles of effective communication to any situation，from writing to presenting and storytelling
·develop your own unique voice to communicate with any audience
·apply communication techniques for influence and emotional impact
Who is this course for
This course is aimed at anyone desiring to improve their communication skills，but specifically：
·ambitious early juniors who want to equip themselves with the communication skills to advance and achieve their career goals
·mid-level managers who wish to inspire and motivate team members and progress within their role
·senior leaders who need to better explain their ideas and vision to teams in order to achieve buy-in (认同) and ensure optimum (最佳的) performance
Course delivery
The course is delivered in weekly modules (单元)，allowing you to plan your time effectively．The assessment criteria will be presented to you at the start of the course，so you can approach your studies with self-assurance，knowing what is expected of you and how to meet those expectations．
Throughout your online learning experience，you will have access to your course tutor，who will help facilitate your learning and provide you with support and guidance during your studies．You can interact with your tutor through a range of media，such as live sessions，discussion forums，emails or messaging．
What will I get on completion
Evidence your learning with a Certificate of Achievement from the University of Cambridge on successful completion．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门提升沟通能力的课程，包括课程内容、课程目标、适合人群、课程安排以及课程结束后学生可以获得的证书。
√
1．What does the course primarily focus on
A．Developing a distinct communication style．
B．Setting ambitious and achievable life goals．
C．Creating persuasive and powerful speeches．
D．Stressing the advantages of communication．
A　[细节理解题。根据Course overview部分“Becoming an effective communicator can help you achieve your goals in life，both professionally and personally．In this course，you will learn how to engage an audience and find and use the power of your own unique style．”可知，这门课程主要关注的是培养一种独特的沟通风格。故选A项。]
√
2．Who is the course particularly targeted at
A．College students．
B．Job seekers．
C．Career-driven professionals．
D．Public speaking enthusiasts．
C　[推理判断题。根据Who is this course for？部分可知，这门课程特别针对的是那些有职业追求的专业人士。故选C项。]
√
3．How does the course give you confidence
A．By providing personalized study plans．
B．By teaching how to manage time wisely．
C．By conducting interactive learning activities．
D．By informing assessment standards in advance．
D　[细节理解题。根据Course delivery部分中的“The assessment criteria will be presented to you at the start of the course，so you can approach your studies with self-assurance，knowing what is expected of you and how to meet those expectations．”可知，这门课程通过提前告知评估标准来给予学生信心和动力。故选D项。]
B
(2026·安徽阜阳模拟)More than four decades ago，I attended Centennial Elementary School in Lawrence，Kansas，where Mrs Bailey，my first-grade teacher，left a permanent mark．She was an example of grace—silvered hair framing a face that showed both firmness and kindness．Her patience was inexhaustible，her behaviour grandmotherly，yet when it was time for work，she tolerated no nonsense，setting the tone for our educational journey．
However，it was a citywide celebration that truly exhibited Mrs Bailey's exceptional character．As our town marked its 100th birthday with a number of grand activities，our school embraced a dress-up day and we were encouraged to wear clothes in the style of the mid-1800s．My mother crafted pioneer-style dresses and hats for my sister and me．Our dresses，with complex details and artistic designs，were good evidence for her talent．
Walking proudly to school in my pioneer dress，excitement slightly mixed with nervousness filled me—only to realize I was the only one dressed for the occasion in my class．Mrs Bailey，recognizing my discomfort，showered me with praise about my dress．Then she went to her office briefly before starting class．
It wasn't long before Mr Bailey came to our room to deliver a bag to his wife．He stayed with us while she went back into her office，and she reappeared a couple minutes later in a frontier-style dress! She explained that she had called her retired husband and asked him to bring the costume．Her thoughtful gesture erased my sense of embarrassment，replacing it with gratitude and belonging．
We moved away from Kansas two years later，and I still regret that I never told Mrs Bailey how much I appreciated what she did for me．I've always been grateful to the teacher who went out of her way，and even turned to her husband for help，to keep a little girl from feeling out of place．I had a large number of wonderful，caring teachers throughout the years，but Mrs Bailey has always held a special place in my heart．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了作者小学时因穿复古服装感到尴尬，而老师Bailey夫人特意换上类似服装来安慰她的感人故事，展现了教师的体贴与善良。
√
4．Why did Mrs Bailey get her dress changed
A．To deliver an opening speech．
B．To attend a citywide celebration．
C．To set the pace in school fashion．
D．To relieve the author's unease．
D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Mrs Bailey，recognizing my discomfort，showered me with praise about my dress．”和第四段中“She explained that she had called her retired husband and asked him to bring the costume．Her thoughtful gesture erased my sense of embarrassment，replacing it with gratitude and belonging．”可知，Bailey夫人换衣服是为了缓解作者的不安。故选D项。]
√
5．What is the author's regret
A．Wearing a pioneer-style dress alone．
B．Not expressing gratitude to Mrs Bailey．
C．Giving up the dress her mother made for her．
D．Leaving without saying goodbye to Mrs Bailey．
B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We moved away from Kansas two years later，and I still regret that I never told Mrs Bailey how much I appreciated what she did for me．”可知，作者后悔从未告诉Bailey夫人自己有多么感激她。故选B项。]
√
6．What can best describe Mrs Bailey
A．Considerate and strict．
B．Energetic and honest．
C．Modest and tolerant．
D．Determined and humorous．
A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Her patience was inexhaustible，her behaviour grandmotherly，yet when it was time for work，she tolerated no nonsense，setting the tone for our educational journey．”和第四段中“She explained that she had called her retired husband and asked him to bring the costume．Her thoughtful gesture erased my sense of embarrassment，replacing it with gratitude and belonging．”可知，Bailey夫人在学习上对学生要求严格，但在注意到作者的尴尬后，会特意换上类似的服装来安慰她。因此，她既体贴又严格。故选A项。]
√
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．A Fashion Show—A Turning Point
B．The First Impression of My Teacher
C．Mrs Bailey—Pioneer of Kindness
D．A Fancy Dress Made by My Mother
C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“I had a large number of wonderful，caring teachers throughout the years，but Mrs Bailey has always held a special place in my heart．”可知，文章主要讲述Bailey夫人如何用善意的换装举动帮助作者缓解尴尬，展现了她作为教师的关怀。因此，C项“Bailey夫人——善意的先驱”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·河南濮阳模拟)As I look back on my school days，I'm grateful for the emphasis my parents placed on handwriting．Writing essays by hand forced me to 　1　 and think critically．Unlike typing，where I could easily delete and rewrite anything，handwriting made me more 　2　 with my words．
Today，the role of handwriting has 　3　，but I believe we still need it．For students，writing by hand helps develop hand-eye coordination (协调)．It's also a(n) 　4　 tool for building focus and discipline．I've 　5　 this while helping my cousins with their homework．The 　6　 required to form each letter neatly improves their handwriting．
　7　，some schools are reintroducing handwriting as part of mindfulness exercises．Writing by hand can be a 　8　 activity that helps students manage stress and anxiety．It's encouraging to see educators 　9　 the value of traditional methods．
I remember the time I found an old birthday card 　10　 by my grandmother．The words made me 　11　 the warmth of her hugs and the sound of her laughter instantly．Typed words could never bring the same 　12　．Handwriting has a way of creating a sense of 　13　 that technology simply can't copy．Of course，technology plays an important part in modern education，and I'm not suggesting we
　14　 it．Instead，I actually advocate a(n) 　15　．By including both handwriting and digital tools in the curriculum，students can enjoy the best of both worlds．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了作者回忆学校时光，感激父母强调手写，因为它迫使作者放慢思考和使用批判性思维，然后讨论了手写的作用，最后指出应该平衡使用手写和数字化工具。
1．A．move on　　　　　 B．catch up
C．slow down D．drop out
√
C　[考查动词短语辨析。根据空后“think critically”可知，手写时需要时间来进行批判性地思考，所以会放慢速度。故选C。]
2．A．satisfied B．careful
C．familiar D．bored
√
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Unlike typing，where I could easily delete and rewrite anything”可知，手写不像打字那样可以很容易地删除和重写任何东西，所以手写时要小心，斟酌用字。故选B。]
3．A．survived B．worked
C．increased D．declined
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的转折“but I believe we still need it”可知，虽然手写的使用频率已经下降，但我们仍然需要它。故选D。]
4．A．affordable B．innovative
C．rare D．essential
√
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“we still need it”以及“For students，writing by hand helps develop hand-eye coordination”可知，此处是阐述手写的作用，指它也是培养专注力和自律性的重要工具。故选D。]
5．A．demanded B．witnessed
C．forgotten D．doubted
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。空后的“this”指代上文“手写是培养专注力和自律性的重要工具”，结合空后“while helping my cousins with their homework”提到自己辅导作业的经历可知，此处指在辅导作业时见证了这一点。故选B。]
6．A．experience B．courage
C．space D．concentration
√
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“building focus”和下文“required to form each letter neatly”可知，此处是指每个字母工整书写所需要的专注力。故选D。]
7．A．Normally B．Eventually
C．Interestingly D．Strangely
√
C　[考查副词词义辨析。上文提到手写在学习、认知方面的作用，根据下文“some schools are reintroducing handwriting as part of mindfulness exercises”可知，一些学校将手写重新作为正念练习的一部分，这是有趣的一个视角。故选C。]
8．A．calming B．challenging
C．formal D．similar
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据空后“that helps students manage stress and anxiety”可知，手写是一种平静的活动。故选A。]
9．A．predicting B．recognizing
C．reporting D．checking
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“some schools are reintroducing handwriting as part of mindfulness exercises．Writing by hand can be a ________ activity that helps students manage stress and anxiety”可知，一些学校将手写重新作为正念练习的一部分，且手写能应对焦虑，故此处指教育者认识到传统方法的价值。故选B。]
10．A．bought B．decorated
C．hidden D．written
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“The words”可知，此处指祖母手写的生日卡片。故选D。]
11．A．recall B．record
C．believe D．admit
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据本句主语“words”以及空后“the warmth of her hugs and the sound of her laughter instantly”可知，这些文字能让作者回忆起她的拥抱和笑声。故选A。]
12．A．judgment B．silence
C．emotion D．ambition
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“the warmth of her hugs and the sound of her laughter instantly”可知，这是手写在情感方面的作用。故选C。]
13．A．achievement B．responsibility
C．connection D．direction
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。结合上文提到祖母的手写卡片能让作者想起她温暖的拥抱和笑声可知，手写可以创造出一种人与人之间的联系感。故选C。]
14．A．abandon B．share
C．display D．value
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“technology plays an important part in modern education”可知，科技也扮演着重要角色，作者并非要抛弃它。故选A。]
15．A．discipline B．balance
C．explanation D．habit
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“By including both handwriting and digital tools in the curriculum”可知，作者倡导在两者间达成平衡。故选B。]
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2026·河北邯郸模拟)This year，I received an exciting message from the Science Center：Out of nearly 2，000 applicants，only 40 high school students were selected to take part in their famous summer program，and I was one of them！　1　．
For the two-week summer program，I chose to focus on a biology project．My research centered on investigating the presence and impact of bacteria (细菌) in different water sources—specifically comparing wild lake water with home pool water to determine which was more harmful．　2　．Those are two fields I'm deeply passionate about．
The laboratory work was challenging but extremely rewarding．I remember the first day I set out to collect water samples．The lake was peaceful，but beneath that calm surface hid something far less harmless．In contrast，the pool's crystal clear water seemed almost too clean，and I wondered how the tests would turn out．
　3　．The process involved culturing the bacteria，monitoring their growth and comparing the results from both sources．When the data finally came in，it was both shocking and enlightening．The pool water was surprisingly clean，with hardly any bacteria present．On the other hand，the lake water，despite its beautiful appearance，was full of bacteria—definitely not safe for drinking．　4　．
Once my experiments were complete，I poured all my energy into writing a detailed report．On the last day of the program，I had the opportunity to present my work to a group of 15 mentors (导师)．　5　—I was not just a student；I was like a scientist sharing my discoveries with the world．
A．Back in the lab，I analyzed the samples
B．Standing before them，explaining my project，I felt proud
C．I hope to undertake a biomedical project at the Science Center
D．My time at the Science Center has given me a clear sense of purpose
E．These results highlighted the hidden dangers that untreated water can pose
F．The moment I opened that letter，I knew this was going to be a life-changing experience
G．This topic interested me because it combined both environmental science and public health
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者入选科学中心暑期项目后，通过对比湖泊和泳池水样的细菌实验，发现未经处理水源的潜在危害，并在项目结束时自豪地向导师展示研究成果。
1．F　[前文提到“我”收到科学中心的获选通知，后文段落具体讲述“我”的暑期项目经历，因此F项符合语境，描述“我”对这次经历的期望，承接前文惊喜的情绪，引出后文具体的讲述。故选F。]
2．G　[前文提到“我”研究不同水源中的细菌，后文“Those are two fields I'm deeply passionate about．”强调“我”热爱这两个领域，因此G项符合语境，解释“我”选择该课题的动机，承前启后，其中的“environmental science and public health”是后文的“two fields”所指的对象。故选G。]
3．A　[前一段落主要描述“我”外出采集水样的过程，后文说明实验过程以及数据结果，因此A项符合语境，指出回到实验室的工作，作为实验阶段的起始句，自然过渡到具体操作。故选A。]
4．E　[前文对比了泳池水和湖水的细菌检测结果，因此E项符合语境，总结实验发现，承接前文。故选E。]
5．B　[前文提到“我”向导师展示报告，后文升华“我”的感受，因此B项符合语境，描述“我”汇报时的感受，其中的“proud”与后文的“not just a student”和“a scientist sharing my discoveries with the world”呼应。故选B。]
题型组合练(十八)　必修第三册　UNIT 9　LEARNING
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·重庆模拟)Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of“deep reading”．Astonishing numbers of people with years of schooling are actually illiterate and ignorant．The Ljubljana Manifesto explains：“The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history，but it also offers many temptations to read in a superficial (肤浅的) and scattered(零散的) manner—or even not to read at all．This increasingly endangers higher-level reading．”
That's frightening，because“higher-level reading”has been essential to civilization．It enabled the enlightenment and an international increase in empathy．Without it，we would suffer a lot．As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes，“One-third of Europeans struggle even with lower-level reading skills．”More than one-fifth of adults in the US“fall into the illiterate/functionally illiterate category”．Separately，post-pandemic reading scores for American 13-year-olds are the lowest in decades．And the Washington-based Center for Global Development estimated that literacy in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century．
Experts in the Ljubljana Manifesto record the demerits of digital reading:“Various kinds of studies indicate a decline in critical and conscious reading，slow reading，non-strategic reading，and long-form reading．”When you read a book on paper，you can be entirely inside the experience，absorb hundreds of pages of details thoroughly，and begin to capture the world's complexity．But online，says Maryanne Wolf of UCLA，we are“skimming，scanning，and scrolling (滚屏)”．The medium is the message：Doing deep reading on your phone is as hard as playing tennis with your phone．Recently，a bright 11-year-old told me I was wasting time on books：He absorbed more information faster from Wikipedia．He had a point．But digital readers also absorb more misinformation and seldom absorb fine perspectives．
In short，as professors from Northwestern University foresaw in 2005，we are returning to the days when only an elite (精英)“reading class”consumes long texts，which is a worrying problem．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字阅读对深度阅读习惯的破坏性，以及深度阅读在文明和人类发展中的重要性。
√
1．What can we learn about digital reading from paragraph 1
A．Digital reading has solved the problem of illiteracy．
B．Digital reading has lessened the practice of deep reading．
C．Digital reading has made deep reading accessible to wider readers．
D．Digital reading has aroused a greater appreciation for deep reading．
B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of‘deep reading’．”以及“The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history...or even not to read at all．This increasingly endangers higher-level reading．”可知，从第一段中我们可以了解到数字阅读减少了深度阅读的练习。故选B项。]
√
2．What is the purpose of the figures used in paragraph 2
A．To display the popularity of digital reading．
B．To highlight the advantages of deep reading．
C．To present the unfavorable situation of literacy．
D．To stress the illiterate's lower-level reading skills．
C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes...among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century．”可推知，第二段中使用数字的目的是呈现读写能力下降的不利状况。故选C项。]
√
3．What does the underlined word“demerits”in paragraph 3 mean
A．Effects．　　　　　　　 B．Functions．
C．Features． D．Drawbacks．
D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Various kinds of studies indicate a decline in critical and conscious reading，slow reading，non-strategic reading，and long-form reading．”可知，此处为《卢布尔雅那宣言》的专家们记录了数字阅读的缺点。故可猜测画线单词demerits为“缺点”的意思。故选D项。]
√
4．What might be talked about in the following paragraph
A．Advantages of digital reading．
B．Benefits of higher-level reading．
C．Ways to encourage digital reading．
D．Measures to practice deep reading．
D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，文章最后表达了作者对现状的担忧，害怕我们会回到只有精英“阅读阶层”才会阅读长文本的时代。由此可推知，作者接下来可能会就如何实践给出具体的建议。故选D项。]
B
(2025·河南开封二模)In an era dominated by keyboards and screens，the decline of handwriting has sparked debates about its relevance．Yet research consistently highlights unique cognitive advantages of writing by hand that digital tools cannot imitate．
Numerous studies reveal that manual writing strengthens memory maintenance more effectively than typing．Naomi Susan Baron，a linguistics professor，notes that people across Japan，Norway，and the US recall information better when jotting it down (草草记下) manually．For instance，adults learning Arabic letters via handwriting outperform typists in recognition and pronunciation speed．Similarly，students who take handwritten notes during lectures demonstrate deeper comprehension compared to those who type，as handwriting forces the brain to actively map sounds to letter shapes—a process critical for literacy development．
Neurological evidence supports these findings．Using EEG scans，Norwegian researchers observed that handwriting activates broader brain networks，including regions linked to memory，attention，and motor skills，while typing only stimulates localized areas．Theta (4－7Hz) and Alpha (8－12.5Hz) brainwaves，associated with learning and focus，were notably stronger during manual writing．This multi-sensory engagement—combining touch，vision，and movement—enhances neural connectivity and information encoding．
Experts argue that handwriting's tactile (触觉的) nature fosters deeper cognitive processing．Unlike typing，which allows for quick corrections and auto-completions，writing by hand requires deliberate planning of each stroke，promoting mindfulness and reducing mental shortcuts．Such“neural maintenance”，as Van der Meer terms it，not only sharpens memory but also delays cognitive decline．
Educators are re-evaluating handwriting's role．While some countries have dropped cursive (手写体的) instruction，others like Norway and parts of the US are reintegrating it into curricula to support brain development．For adults，maintaining handwriting practice serves as a low-cost cognitive exercise，similar to physical workouts for the mind．
In conclusion，handwriting remains a vital tool for optimizing brain function．Though digital tools excel in efficiency，the sensory and motor demands of writing by hand cultivate richer learning experiences，fostering creativity，focus，and long-term maintenance．As Baron emphasizes，preserving this skill safeguards not just tradition，but the fundamental ways we process and retain knowledge．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出在数字时代，手写能力虽下降，但研究表明其在认知方面有独特优势，强调手写对大脑功能及知识学习的重要性。
√
5．According to the passage，what is one significant advantage of handwriting over typing in terms of cognitive development
A．Handwriting improves typing speed．
B．Handwriting enhances memory preservation．
C．Handwriting increases reliance on technology．
D．Handwriting reduces the need for literacy development．
B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Numerous studies reveal that manual writing strengthens memory maintenance more effectively than typing．”以及“Naomi Susan Baron，a linguistics professor，notes that people across Japan，Norway，and the US recall information better when jotting it down manually．”可知，在认知发展方面，手写相较于打字的一个重要优势是增强记忆的保持。故选B项。]
√
6．What can be inferred about the impact of the activation on learning in paragraph 3
A．It enhances learning and focus．
B．It makes learning more difficult．
C．It only benefits children，not adults．
D．It has a significant impact on learning．
A　[推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，这种激活对学习和注意力有积极作用，能增强学习和注意力。故选A项。]
√
7．What is the likely reason for the reintroduction of cursive handwriting in some educational curricula
A．To improve students'typing skills．
B．To preserve traditional calligraphy techniques．
C．To increase the efficiency of note-taking in lectures．
D．To support brain development through multi-sensory engagement．
D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中“Educators are re-evaluating handwriting's role．While some countries have dropped cursive instruction，others like Norway and parts of the US are reintegrating it into curricula to support brain development．”以及第三段中提到手写能激活更广泛的大脑网络，再结合多感官参与等内容“This multi-sensory engagement—combining touch，vision，and movement—enhances neural connectivity and information encoding．”可推知，一些教育课程重新引入手写可能的原因是通过多感官参与来支持大脑发育。故选D项。]
√
8．What is the main purpose of the article
A．To highlight the cognitive benefits of handwriting over typing．
B．To provide a history of handwriting and its cultural significance．
C．To argue that digital tools should replace handwriting in education．
D．To describe the neurological differences between typing and handwriting．
A　[写作意图题。根据第一段中“Yet research consistently highlights unique cognitive advantages of writing by hand that digital tools cannot imitate．”以及后文通过众多研究和例子阐述手写在增强记忆、激活大脑网络、促进认知处理等方面相较于打字的优势，如第二段中“Numerous studies reveal that manual writing strengthens memory maintenance more effectively than typing．”和第三段中“Neurological evidence supports these findings...while typing only stimulates localized areas．”等可推知，文章的主要目的是强调手写相较于打字在认知方面的益处。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·广东深圳模拟)I was born in America，but went to live in China for a couple of years with my grandparents when I was around 2 years old．I learned Mandarin，but I quickly 　1　 most of it when I came back to the United States．
As I grew older，I began to realize that my Mandarin wasn't going to work．The language barrier was 　2　 my relationship with Mom，who understood less English．I couldn't talk with her about college，future careers，interviews，driving tests，etc．，which often made me feel 　3　 and unable to rely on her for help or 　4　．I began to wish that I had done more to keep practicing Mandarin．
I signed up for a Mandarin class to help me relearn the language．When I told my mom，it seemed that she was more 　5　 about the class than I was．Then I shared that I was afraid that I wouldn't be able to 　6　，and she told me not to worry，and to ask her if I needed help on any of the assignments．　7　，she also began to learn English，and we helped each other．　8　 giving up if my mom didn't understand a 　9　 I brought up，I would revisit it later on，finding other ways to explain it to her．She also
　10　 me and，overall，I found that we were speaking more as time went on．
Around the start of the spring 2022 semester，my mother suggested that I go back to China to 　11　 the Lunar New Year．The 　12　 of enjoying a different New Year gave me a　13　 goal and re-motivated me to learn Mandarin．
Though this time was difficult and painful，it also 　14　 a new start for my mom and me．Our relationship has become so 　15　 that，now，I view her as a friend．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者幼时在中国学会普通话，返美后遗忘，因语言障碍影响与母亲的关系，后通过共同学习语言、返乡过年修复亲情的故事。
1．A．mastered B．lost
C．recalled D．missed
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据空后“when I came back to the United States”以及后文“As I grew older，I began to realize that my Mandarin wasn't going to work．”可知，作者长大后发现普通话派不上用场，说明返美后遗忘了大部分，“lost”符合“语言长期不用遗忘”的语境。故选B项。]
2．A．determining B．establishing
C．maintaining D．impacting
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“I couldn't talk with her about college，future careers，interviews，driving tests，etc．”可知，作者无法与母亲深入交流，说明语言障碍对母女关系产生了负面影响，“impacting”符合语境。故选D项。]
3．A．disconnected B．astonished
C．confused D．relieved
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“I couldn't talk with her about college，future careers，interviews，driving tests，etc．”可知，因语言不通无法交流，作者与母亲之间会产生距离感，“disconnected”符合“缺乏沟通导致的隔阂”。故选A项。]
4．A．advice B．reward
C．permission D．evaluation
√
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“unable to rely on her for help”可知，作者无法依靠她获得帮助或建议，“advice”与“help”并列，符合“寻求长辈指导”的逻辑。故选A项。]
5．A．particular B．curious
C．excited D．ambitious
√
C　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“I signed up for a Mandarin class to help me relearn the language．”可知，母亲懂英语少，一直因语言障碍无法与女儿深入交流，女儿主动报名学普通话，对她来说是改善沟通的好机会，因此更兴奋，“excited”符合“期待沟通改善”的情绪。故选C项。]
6．A．hang up B．keep up
C．take up D．pick up
√
B　[考查动词短语辨析。根据前文“I learned Mandarin，but I quickly ________ most of it when I came back to the United States．”可知，作者很久没说普通话，担心学习时跟不上课程进度，“keep up”符合“担心学习节奏”的语境。故选B项。]
7．A．On the contrary B．As always
C．At the same time D．In the end
√
C　[考查固定短语辨析。根据后文“she also began to learn English”可知，作者学普通话，母亲学英语，两人同时进行语言学习，“at the same time”体现动作同步性。故选C项。]
8．A．Aside from B．Regardless of
C．Other than D．Rather than
√
D　[考查固定短语辨析。根据后文“I would revisit it later on”可知，作者没有放弃，而是选择后续再尝试，“Rather than giving up”表示“不放弃”，符合“坚持沟通”的态度。故选D项。]
9．A．tune B．topic
C．trick D．title
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“talk with her about college，future careers，interviews，driving tests，etc．”可知，此处指作者提出的交流话题，“topic”符合“沟通内容”的语境。故选B项。]
10．A．ignored B．disturbed
C．encouraged D．impressed
√
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“we helped each other”可知，母亲不仅自己学英语，还鼓励作者学普通话，双方共同努力促进沟通，“encouraged”符合“互相支持”的氛围。故选C项。]
11．A．experience B．sponsor
C．describe D．cherish
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“I go back to China to”以及后文“the Lunar New Year”可知，回到中国过农历新年是一种亲身经历，“experience”符合“参与并感受节日”的语境。故选A项。]
12．A．atmosphere B．basis
C．possibility D．honor
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。母亲建议作者回中国过年，这是一种可能发生的事情，“possibility”符合“尚未发生但有望实现”的语境。故选C项。]
13．A．vital B．primary
C．common D．concrete
√
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。与之前“I began to wish that I had done more to keep practicing Mandarin．”的模糊目标相比，“回中国过年”让学习普通话有了明确的用途，成为具体目标，“concrete”符合“目标清晰化”的逻辑。故选D项。]
14．A．broke B．marked
C．signed D．transformed
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。语言学习和返乡过年的经历，让母女关系进入新阶段，“marked a new start”表示“标志着新开始”，符合“关系转折”的语境。故选B项。]
15．A．natural B．intense
C．casual D．serious
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“I view her as a friend”可知，从之前的语言隔阂、无法深入交流，到现在能像朋友一样相处，说明母女关系变得融洽自然，“natural”符合“无隔阂、轻松相处”的状态。故选A项。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2026·甘肃白银模拟)Ou Dongsheng is living out his dream of promoting traditional Chinese culture by volunteering as a calligraphy teacher at a night school in Chongqing．
1．_____ former student at the school，Ou now teaches calligraphy to about 20 students one evening every week at Beicang Cultural and Creative Park in Jiangbei District．
A
The 2．________ (sport) 30-year-old stands on a chair to adjust a spotlight 3．________ (shine) onto an elegant scroll (卷轴) displaying some of his“writing pals'”works．Ou said he calls his students“pals”because unlike a standard teaching 4．_____________ (arrange)，his classes are less formal and have a diverse range of students，from those 5．____ their 20s to almost 60．“I enjoy the atmosphere here，6．________，I think，is very relaxing，”he said．
sporty
shining
arrangement
in
which
He recalled when the night school opened in August last year，his friend Gao Xinquan，the first voluntary teacher at the school，invited Ou 7．______ (join) his guitar classes．Gao's enthusiasm for community volunteer work 8．________ (great) inspired Ou．When his guitar course ended，he 9．________ (decide) to take the responsibility and start teaching calligraphy at the school．
to join
greatly
decided
In his opinion，the night school combines social functions and vocational learning．“Being able to interact with people 10．________ (drive) by the same interest and passion is an absolute joy，”he said．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了欧东昇在重庆一所夜校担任书法老师，他通过志愿服务实现传播中国传统文化的梦想，享受这种轻松的氛围，认为这所夜校结合了社交功能和职业教育。
driven
1．A　[考查冠词。此处泛指“以前的一名学生”，且former以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，句首单词首字母应大写。故填A。]
2．sporty　[考查形容词。此处修饰30-year-old，应用形容词sporty“爱好(或擅长)体育运动的”，作定语。故填sporty。]
3．shining　[考查非谓语动词。shine和spotlight之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形式，作状语。故填shining。]
4．arrangement　[考查名词。根据a standard teaching可知，此处应用名词arrangement“安排”，作介词unlike的宾语。故填arrangement。]
5．in　[考查介词。固定搭配in one's 20s“某人20多岁”。故填in。]
6．which　[考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是atmosphere，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。]
7．to join　[考查非谓语动词。固定搭配invite sb．to do sth．“邀请某人做某事”。故填to join。]
8．greatly　[考查副词。空处修饰动词inspired，应用副词greatly“极大地”，作状语。故填greatly。]
9．decided　[考查动词时态。根据从句中的ended可知，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填decided。]
10．driven　[考查非谓语动词。drive和people之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填driven。]
写作规范练(三)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：40分)
Ⅰ．应用文写作(满分15分)
(2025·河南郑州一中一模)假如你是学校英语社的社长李华，英语社将从“国际文化交流周”“古代服饰游行会”和“中华隋唐非物质文化遗产体验节”三个活动中选择一个活动在寒假期间举办。请你代表你们社团选择一个节日。内容包括：
1．你选择的理由；
2．对该活动的简单介绍或流程设计。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Choice of Winter Vacation Event for English Club
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Choice of Winter Vacation Event for English Club
As the president of our English Club，I propose we hold the“Chinese Sui and Tang Intangible Cultural Heritage Experience Festival”during winter vacation．
My reason is that it offers a unique blend of history and culture，enriching our understanding of China's rich heritage．Participants can experience traditional crafts，music，and dances，fostering international cultural exchange．
The festival will feature workshops，performances，and interactive sessions，allowing students to immerse themselves in Sui and Tang culture and thus enhance their linguistic and cultural skills．
Ⅱ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2026·广东深圳模拟)Johnny，a 17-year-old from Whitehorse，had been competing in Cross-Country Skiing for five years．For many young athletes like him in Whitehorse，Yukon，the Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships were more than just a competition．They were a dream．A year ago，Johnny qualified for the Championships and successfully won a medal．
After the competition，Johnny was eager to share his experience with Hayden，his teammate and best friend．Hayden had narrowly missed qualifying for the Championships．Johnny had watched his friend train tirelessly，push himself to the limit，and always keep his big smile．Johnny knew how much the Championships meant to Hayden．
Johnny handed Hayden some colorful pins．“These are pins I traded with athletes from all over Yukon，”Johnny said with a smile，“I want you to have them，so you can feel a part of the event too．”
Hayden was touched，“Thanks，Johnny．This means a lot．”
“Next time，”Johnny continued，“I hope you can also experience the event．I know you'll make it．”
Hayden nodded，“I'll work even harder for that．”
This year's Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships would be held in a month．Coach Nick guided the team through tough daily training and the team made significant progress in their skating，cornering，and downhill techniques．Meanwhile，they enhanced their endurance and balance．Both Johnny and Hayden met the Championship standards．Given Johnny's rich competitive experience，Coach Nick once again qualified Johnny for this year's event and Hayden was selected as an alternate (替补)．
The qualification for the competition excited Johnny，but there was always an idea staying in his mind．Johnny knew his friend had been wanting to go to the Championships for several years．This was the last chance for both of them to attend the Championships，as they would age out of the competition after this year．The thought became clear in his mind，strong and steady．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
The next day，Johnny went to see the coach．_________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Hayden accepted the precious chance to compete in the Championships．____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
The next day，Johnny went to see the coach．He told the coach that he wanted to give his qualification to Hayden．Johnny explained that this was the last chance for both of them to attend the Championships，and that Hayden had been longing for it for years．He believed Hayden deserved this opportunity as he had trained so hard．The coach was moved by Johnny's selfless act．After considering Johnny's request carefully，the coach agreed to let Hayden take Johnny's place．
Hayden accepted the precious chance to compete in the Championships．He was extremely grateful to Johnny．He knew this was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity，and he didn't want to let Johnny down．In the following days，Hayden trained even harder．When the Championships finally arrived，he gave it his all．Although the competition was tough，Hayden's determination and hard work paid off．He performed well and achieved a great result，making both Johnny and himself proud．
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(十七)　必修第三册　UNIT 9　LEARNING
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：45分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
(2025·江苏南通模拟)
Course overview
Becoming an effective communicator can help you achieve your goals in life，both professionally and personally．In this course，you will learn how to engage an audience and find and use the power of your own unique style．
What will I learn
By the end of the course you will be able to：
·apply the principles of effective communication to any situation，from writing to presenting and storytelling
·develop your own unique voice to communicate with any audience
·apply communication techniques for influence and emotional impact
Who is this course for
This course is aimed at anyone desiring to improve their communication skills，but specifically：
·ambitious early juniors who want to equip themselves with the communication skills to advance and achieve their career goals
·mid-level managers who wish to inspire and motivate team members and progress within their role
·senior leaders who need to better explain their ideas and vision to teams in order to achieve buy-in (认同) and ensure optimum (最佳的) performance
Course delivery
The course is delivered in weekly modules (单元)，allowing you to plan your time effectively．The assessment criteria will be presented to you at the start of the course，so you can approach your studies with self-assurance，knowing what is expected of you and how to meet those expectations．
Throughout your online learning experience，you will have access to your course tutor，who will help facilitate your learning and provide you with support and guidance during your studies．You can interact with your tutor through a range of media，such as live sessions，discussion forums，emails or messaging．
What will I get on completion
Evidence your learning with a Certificate of Achievement from the University of Cambridge on successful completion．
1．What does the course primarily focus on
A．Developing a distinct communication style．
B．Setting ambitious and achievable life goals．
C．Creating persuasive and powerful speeches．
D．Stressing the advantages of communication．
2．Who is the course particularly targeted at
A．College students．
B．Job seekers．
C．Career-driven professionals．
D．Public speaking enthusiasts．
3．How does the course give you confidence
A．By providing personalized study plans．
B．By teaching how to manage time wisely．
C．By conducting interactive learning activities．
D．By informing assessment standards in advance．
B
(2026·安徽阜阳模拟)More than four decades ago，I attended Centennial Elementary School in Lawrence，Kansas，where Mrs Bailey，my first-grade teacher，left a permanent mark．She was an example of grace—silvered hair framing a face that showed both firmness and kindness．Her patience was inexhaustible，her behaviour grandmotherly，yet when it was time for work，she tolerated no nonsense，setting the tone for our educational journey．
However，it was a citywide celebration that truly exhibited Mrs Bailey's exceptional character．As our town marked its 100th birthday with a number of grand activities，our school embraced a dress-up day and we were encouraged to wear clothes in the style of the mid-1800s．My mother crafted pioneer-style dresses and hats for my sister and me．Our dresses，with complex details and artistic designs，were good evidence for her talent．
Walking proudly to school in my pioneer dress，excitement slightly mixed with nervousness filled me—only to realize I was the only one dressed for the occasion in my class．Mrs Bailey，recognizing my discomfort，showered me with praise about my dress．Then she went to her office briefly before starting class．
It wasn't long before Mr Bailey came to our room to deliver a bag to his wife．He stayed with us while she went back into her office，and she reappeared a couple minutes later in a frontier-style dress! She explained that she had called her retired husband and asked him to bring the costume．Her thoughtful gesture erased my sense of embarrassment，replacing it with gratitude and belonging．
We moved away from Kansas two years later，and I still regret that I never told Mrs Bailey how much I appreciated what she did for me．I've always been grateful to the teacher who went out of her way，and even turned to her husband for help，to keep a little girl from feeling out of place．I had a large number of wonderful，caring teachers throughout the years，but Mrs Bailey has always held a special place in my heart．
4．Why did Mrs Bailey get her dress changed
A．To deliver an opening speech．
B．To attend a citywide celebration．
C．To set the pace in school fashion．
D．To relieve the author's unease．
5．What is the author's regret
A．Wearing a pioneer-style dress alone．
B．Not expressing gratitude to Mrs Bailey．
C．Giving up the dress her mother made for her．
D．Leaving without saying goodbye to Mrs Bailey．
6．What can best describe Mrs Bailey
A．Considerate and strict．
B．Energetic and honest．
C．Modest and tolerant．
D．Determined and humorous．
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．A Fashion Show—A Turning Point
B．The First Impression of My Teacher
C．Mrs Bailey—Pioneer of Kindness
D．A Fancy Dress Made by My Mother
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·河南濮阳模拟)As I look back on my school days，I'm grateful for the emphasis my parents placed on handwriting．Writing essays by hand forced me to 　1　 and think critically．Unlike typing，where I could easily delete and rewrite anything，handwriting made me more 　2　 with my words．
Today，the role of handwriting has 　3　，but I believe we still need it．For students，writing by hand helps develop hand-eye coordination (协调)．It's also a(n) 　4　 tool for building focus and discipline．I've 　5　 this while helping my cousins with their homework．The 　6　 required to form each letter neatly improves their handwriting．
　7　，some schools are reintroducing handwriting as part of mindfulness exercises．Writing by hand can be a 　8　 activity that helps students manage stress and anxiety．It's encouraging to see educators 　9　 the value of traditional methods．
I remember the time I found an old birthday card 　10　 by my grandmother．The words made me 　11　 the warmth of her hugs and the sound of her laughter instantly．Typed words could never bring the same 　12　．Handwriting has a way of creating a sense of 　13　 that technology simply can't copy．Of course，technology plays an important part in modern education，and I'm not suggesting we 　14　 it．Instead，I actually advocate a(n) 　15　．By including both handwriting and digital tools in the curriculum，students can enjoy the best of both worlds．
1．A．move on　　　　　 B．catch up
C．slow down D．drop out
2．A．satisfied B．careful
C．familiar D．bored
3．A．survived B．worked
C．increased D．declined
4．A．affordable B．innovative
C．rare D．essential
5．A．demanded B．witnessed
C．forgotten D．doubted
6．A．experience B．courage
C．space D．concentration
7．A．Normally B．Eventually
C．Interestingly D．Strangely
8．A．calming B．challenging
C．formal D．similar
9．A．predicting B．recognizing
C．reporting D．checking
10．A．bought B．decorated
C．hidden D．written
11．A．recall B．record
C．believe D．admit
12．A．judgment B．silence
C．emotion D．ambition
13．A．achievement B．responsibility
C．connection D．direction
14．A．abandon B．share
C．display D．value
15．A．discipline B．balance
C．explanation D．habit
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2026·河北邯郸模拟)This year，I received an exciting message from the Science Center：Out of nearly 2，000 applicants，only 40 high school students were selected to take part in their famous summer program，and I was one of them！　1　．
For the two-week summer program，I chose to focus on a biology project．My research centered on investigating the presence and impact of bacteria (细菌) in different water sources—specifically comparing wild lake water with home pool water to determine which was more harmful．　2　．Those are two fields I'm deeply passionate about．
The laboratory work was challenging but extremely rewarding．I remember the first day I set out to collect water samples．The lake was peaceful，but beneath that calm surface hid something far less harmless．In contrast，the pool's crystal clear water seemed almost too clean，and I wondered how the tests would turn out．
　3　．The process involved culturing the bacteria，monitoring their growth and comparing the results from both sources．When the data finally came in，it was both shocking and enlightening．The pool water was surprisingly clean，with hardly any bacteria present．On the other hand，the lake water，despite its beautiful appearance，was full of bacteria—definitely not safe for drinking．　4　．
Once my experiments were complete，I poured all my energy into writing a detailed report．On the last day of the program，I had the opportunity to present my work to a group of 15 mentors (导师)．　5　—I was not just a student；I was like a scientist sharing my discoveries with the world．
A．Back in the lab，I analyzed the samples
B．Standing before them，explaining my project，I felt proud
C．I hope to undertake a biomedical project at the Science Center
D．My time at the Science Center has given me a clear sense of purpose
E．These results highlighted the hidden dangers that untreated water can pose
F．The moment I opened that letter，I knew this was going to be a life-changing experience
G．This topic interested me because it combined both environmental science and public health
题型组合练(十七)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门提升沟通能力的课程，包括课程内容、课程目标、适合人群、课程安排以及课程结束后学生可以获得的证书。
1．A　[细节理解题。根据Course overview部分“Becoming an effective communicator can help you achieve your goals in life，both professionally and personally．In this course，you will learn how to engage an audience and find and use the power of your own unique style．”可知，这门课程主要关注的是培养一种独特的沟通风格。故选A项。]
2．C　[推理判断题。根据Who is this course for？部分可知，这门课程特别针对的是那些有职业追求的专业人士。故选C项。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据Course delivery部分中的“The assessment criteria will be presented to you at the start of the course，so you can approach your studies with self-assurance，knowing what is expected of you and how to meet those expectations．”可知，这门课程通过提前告知评估标准来给予学生信心和动力。故选D项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了作者小学时因穿复古服装感到尴尬，而老师Bailey夫人特意换上类似服装来安慰她的感人故事，展现了教师的体贴与善良。
4．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Mrs Bailey，recognizing my discomfort，showered me with praise about my dress．”和第四段中“She explained that she had called her retired husband and asked him to bring the costume．Her thoughtful gesture erased my sense of embarrassment，replacing it with gratitude and belonging．”可知，Bailey夫人换衣服是为了缓解作者的不安。故选D项。]
5．B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We moved away from Kansas two years later，and I still regret that I never told Mrs Bailey how much I appreciated what she did for me．”可知，作者后悔从未告诉Bailey夫人自己有多么感激她。故选B项。]
6．A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Her patience was inexhaustible，her behaviour grandmotherly，yet when it was time for work，she tolerated no nonsense，setting the tone for our educational journey．”和第四段中“She explained that she had called her retired husband and asked him to bring the costume．Her thoughtful gesture erased my sense of embarrassment，replacing it with gratitude and belonging．”可知，Bailey夫人在学习上对学生要求严格，但在注意到作者的尴尬后，会特意换上类似的服装来安慰她。因此，她既体贴又严格。故选A项。]
7．C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“I had a large number of wonderful，caring teachers throughout the years，but Mrs Bailey has always held a special place in my heart．”可知，文章主要讲述Bailey夫人如何用善意的换装举动帮助作者缓解尴尬，展现了她作为教师的关怀。因此，C项“Bailey夫人——善意的先驱”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．1．C　2．B　3．D　4．D　5．B　6．D　7．C　8．A　9．B　10．D
11．A　12．C　13．C　14．A　15．B
Ⅲ．1．F　2．G　3．A　4．E　5．B
1 / 7题型组合练(十八)　必修第三册　UNIT 9　LEARNING
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·重庆模拟)Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of“deep reading”．Astonishing numbers of people with years of schooling are actually illiterate and ignorant．The Ljubljana Manifesto explains:“The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history，but it also offers many temptations to read in a superficial (肤浅的) and scattered(零散的) manner—or even not to read at all．This increasingly endangers higher-level reading．”
That's frightening，because“higher-level reading”has been essential to civilization．It enabled the enlightenment and an international increase in empathy．Without it，we would suffer a lot．As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes，“One-third of Europeans struggle even with lower-level reading skills．”More than one-fifth of adults in the US“fall into the illiterate/functionally illiterate category”．Separately，post-pandemic reading scores for American 13-year-olds are the lowest in decades．And the Washington-based Center for Global Development estimated that literacy in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century．
Experts in the Ljubljana Manifesto record the demerits of digital reading:“Various kinds of studies indicate a decline in critical and conscious reading，slow reading，non-strategic reading，and long-form reading．”When you read a book on paper，you can be entirely inside the experience，absorb hundreds of pages of details thoroughly，and begin to capture the world's complexity．But online，says Maryanne Wolf of UCLA，we are“skimming，scanning，and scrolling (滚屏)”．The medium is the message：Doing deep reading on your phone is as hard as playing tennis with your phone．Recently，a bright 11-year-old told me I was wasting time on books：He absorbed more information faster from Wikipedia．He had a point．But digital readers also absorb more misinformation and seldom absorb fine perspectives．
In short，as professors from Northwestern University foresaw in 2005，we are returning to the days when only an elite (精英)“reading class”consumes long texts，which is a worrying problem．
1．What can we learn about digital reading from paragraph 1
A．Digital reading has solved the problem of illiteracy．
B．Digital reading has lessened the practice of deep reading．
C．Digital reading has made deep reading accessible to wider readers．
D．Digital reading has aroused a greater appreciation for deep reading．
2．What is the purpose of the figures used in paragraph 2
A．To display the popularity of digital reading．
B．To highlight the advantages of deep reading．
C．To present the unfavorable situation of literacy．
D．To stress the illiterate's lower-level reading skills．
3．What does the underlined word“demerits”in paragraph 3 mean
A．Effects．　　　　　　　 B．Functions．
C．Features． D．Drawbacks．
4．What might be talked about in the following paragraph
A．Advantages of digital reading．
B．Benefits of higher-level reading．
C．Ways to encourage digital reading．
D．Measures to practice deep reading．
B
(2025·河南开封二模)In an era dominated by keyboards and screens，the decline of handwriting has sparked debates about its relevance．Yet research consistently highlights unique cognitive advantages of writing by hand that digital tools cannot imitate．
Numerous studies reveal that manual writing strengthens memory maintenance more effectively than typing．Naomi Susan Baron，a linguistics professor，notes that people across Japan，Norway，and the US recall information better when jotting it down (草草记下) manually．For instance，adults learning Arabic letters via handwriting outperform typists in recognition and pronunciation speed．Similarly，students who take handwritten notes during lectures demonstrate deeper comprehension compared to those who type，as handwriting forces the brain to actively map sounds to letter shapes—a process critical for literacy development．
Neurological evidence supports these findings．Using EEG scans，Norwegian researchers observed that handwriting activates broader brain networks，including regions linked to memory，attention，and motor skills，while typing only stimulates localized areas．Theta (4－7Hz) and Alpha (8－12.5Hz) brainwaves，associated with learning and focus，were notably stronger during manual writing．This multi-sensory engagement—combining touch，vision，and movement—enhances neural connectivity and information encoding．
Experts argue that handwriting's tactile (触觉的) nature fosters deeper cognitive processing．Unlike typing，which allows for quick corrections and auto-completions，writing by hand requires deliberate planning of each stroke，promoting mindfulness and reducing mental shortcuts．Such“neural maintenance”，as Van der Meer terms it，not only sharpens memory but also delays cognitive decline．
Educators are re-evaluating handwriting's role．While some countries have dropped cursive (手写体的) instruction，others like Norway and parts of the US are reintegrating it into curricula to support brain development．For adults，maintaining handwriting practice serves as a low-cost cognitive exercise，similar to physical workouts for the mind．
In conclusion，handwriting remains a vital tool for optimizing brain function．Though digital tools excel in efficiency，the sensory and motor demands of writing by hand cultivate richer learning experiences，fostering creativity，focus，and long-term maintenance．As Baron emphasizes，preserving this skill safeguards not just tradition，but the fundamental ways we process and retain knowledge．
5．According to the passage，what is one significant advantage of handwriting over typing in terms of cognitive development
A．Handwriting improves typing speed．
B．Handwriting enhances memory preservation．
C．Handwriting increases reliance on technology．
D．Handwriting reduces the need for literacy development．
6．What can be inferred about the impact of the activation on learning in paragraph 3
A．It enhances learning and focus．
B．It makes learning more difficult．
C．It only benefits children，not adults．
D．It has a significant impact on learning．
7．What is the likely reason for the reintroduction of cursive handwriting in some educational curricula
A．To improve students'typing skills．
B．To preserve traditional calligraphy techniques．
C．To increase the efficiency of note-taking in lectures．
D．To support brain development through multi-sensory engagement．
8．What is the main purpose of the article
A．To highlight the cognitive benefits of handwriting over typing．
B．To provide a history of handwriting and its cultural significance．
C．To argue that digital tools should replace handwriting in education．
D．To describe the neurological differences between typing and handwriting．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·广东深圳模拟)I was born in America，but went to live in China for a couple of years with my grandparents when I was around 2 years old．I learned Mandarin，but I quickly 　1　 most of it when I came back to the United States．
As I grew older，I began to realize that my Mandarin wasn't going to work．The language barrier was 　2　 my relationship with Mom，who understood less English．I couldn't talk with her about college，future careers，interviews，driving tests，etc．，which often made me feel 　3　 and unable to rely on her for help or 　4　．I began to wish that I had done more to keep practicing Mandarin．
I signed up for a Mandarin class to help me relearn the language．When I told my mom，it seemed that she was more 　5　 about the class than I was．Then I shared that I was afraid that I wouldn't be able to 　6　，and she told me not to worry，and to ask her if I needed help on any of the assignments． 　7　，she also began to learn English，and we helped each other． 　8　 giving up if my mom didn't understand a 　9　 I brought up，I would revisit it later on，finding other ways to explain it to her．She also 　10　 me and，overall，I found that we were speaking more as time went on．
Around the start of the spring 2022 semester，my mother suggested that I go back to China to 　11　 the Lunar New Year．The 　12　 of enjoying a different New Year gave me a　13　 goal and re-motivated me to learn Mandarin．
Though this time was difficult and painful，it also 　14　 a new start for my mom and me．Our relationship has become so 　15　 that，now，I view her as a friend．
1．A．mastered B．lost
C．recalled D．missed
2．A．determining B．establishing
C．maintaining D．impacting
3．A．disconnected B．astonished
C．confused D．relieved
4．A．advice B．reward
C．permission D．evaluation
5．A．particular B．curious
C．excited D．ambitious
6．A．hang up B．keep up
C．take up D．pick up
7．A．On the contrary B．As always
C．At the same time D．In the end
8．A．Aside from B．Regardless of
C．Other than D．Rather than
9．A．tune B．topic
C．trick D．title
10．A．ignored B．disturbed
C．encouraged D．impressed
11．A．experience B．sponsor
C．describe D．cherish
12．A．atmosphere B．basis
C．possibility D．honor
13．A．vital B．primary
C．common D．concrete
14．A．broke B．marked
C．signed D．transformed
15．A．natural B．intense
C．casual D．serious
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2026·甘肃白银模拟)Ou Dongsheng is living out his dream of promoting traditional Chinese culture by volunteering as a calligraphy teacher at a night school in Chongqing．
1．________ former student at the school，Ou now teaches calligraphy to about 20 students one evening every week at Beicang Cultural and Creative Park in Jiangbei District．
The 2．________ (sport) 30-year-old stands on a chair to adjust a spotlight 3．________ (shine) onto an elegant scroll (卷轴) displaying some of his“writing pals'”works．Ou said he calls his students“pals”because unlike a standard teaching 4．________ (arrange)，his classes are less formal and have a diverse range of students，from those 5．________ their 20s to almost 60．“I enjoy the atmosphere here，6．________，I think，is very relaxing，”he said．
He recalled when the night school opened in August last year，his friend Gao Xinquan，the first voluntary teacher at the school，invited Ou 7．______ (join) his guitar classes．Gao's enthusiasm for community volunteer work 8．________ (great) inspired Ou．When his guitar course ended，he 9．________ (decide) to take the responsibility and start teaching calligraphy at the school．
In his opinion，the night school combines social functions and vocational learning．“Being able to interact with people 10．________ (drive) by the same interest and passion is an absolute joy，”he said．
题型组合练(十八)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字阅读对深度阅读习惯的破坏性，以及深度阅读在文明和人类发展中的重要性。
1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of ‘deep reading’．”以及“The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history...or even not to read at all．This increasingly endangers higher-level reading．”可知，从第一段中我们可以了解到数字阅读减少了深度阅读的练习。故选B项。]
2．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes...among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century．”可推知，第二段中使用数字的目的是呈现读写能力下降的不利状况。故选C项。]
3．D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Various kinds of studies indicate a decline in critical and conscious reading，slow reading，non-strategic reading，and long-form reading．”可知，此处为《卢布尔雅那宣言》的专家们记录了数字阅读的缺点。故可猜测画线单词demerits为“缺点”的意思。故选D项。]
4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，文章最后表达了作者对现状的担忧，害怕我们会回到只有精英“阅读阶层”才会阅读长文本的时代。由此可推知，作者接下来可能会就如何实践给出具体的建议。故选D项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出在数字时代，手写能力虽下降，但研究表明其在认知方面有独特优势，强调手写对大脑功能及知识学习的重要性。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Numerous studies reveal that manual writing strengthens memory maintenance more effectively than typing．”以及“Naomi Susan Baron，a linguistics professor，notes that people across Japan，Norway，and the US recall information better when jotting it down manually．”可知，在认知发展方面，手写相较于打字的一个重要优势是增强记忆的保持。故选B项。]
6．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，这种激活对学习和注意力有积极作用，能增强学习和注意力。故选A项。]
7．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中“Educators are re-evaluating handwriting's role．While some countries have dropped cursive instruction，others like Norway and parts of the US are reintegrating it into curricula to support brain development．”以及第三段中提到手写能激活更广泛的大脑网络，再结合多感官参与等内容“This multi-sensory engagement—combining touch，vision，and movement—enhances neural connectivity and information encoding．”可推知，一些教育课程重新引入手写可能的原因是通过多感官参与来支持大脑发育。故选D项。]
8．A　[写作意图题。根据第一段中“Yet research consistently highlights unique cognitive advantages of writing by hand that digital tools cannot imitate．”以及后文通过众多研究和例子阐述手写在增强记忆、激活大脑网络、促进认知处理等方面相较于打字的优势，如第二段中“Numerous studies reveal that manual writing strengthens memory maintenance more effectively than typing．”和第三段中“Neurological evidence supports these findings...while typing only stimulates localized areas．”等可推知，文章的主要目的是强调手写相较于打字在认知方面的益处。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．1．B　2．D　3．A　4．A　5．C　6．B　7．C　8．D　9．B　10．C
11．A　12．C　13．D　14．B　15．A
Ⅲ．1．A　2．sporty　3．shining　4．arrangement　5．in　6．which　7．to join　8．greatly　9．decided　10．driven
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