资源简介

(共46张PPT)
Unit 4　
Scientists who changed the world
Section 2　Language focus on Reading
Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize
Master the usage of some important words, phrases and sentence patterns.
The text is mainly about Tu Youyou, the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China 1．_________(win) a Nobel Prize, who was recognized for her discovery of qinghaosu, which 2．__________________ (significant) improved the 3．___________(survive) chances of malaria patients worldwide.
Activity 1
Quick check and review
复习
to win
significantly
survival
From the text, we may learn that 4．_______(bear) in 1930, she studied medicine in Beijing and later worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, gaining expertise in both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In the 1960s, as malaria, a 5．_______(dead) disease, claimed many lives, Tu led a team to find a cure. After numerous failures, she drew inspiration from ancient texts and successfully extracted qinghao 6．___ a low temperature. 7．__________ limited resources and harsh working conditions, Tu and her team persisted, eventually discovering qinghaosu in 1972, 8．____ key component in malaria medications that has 9．____________(beneficial) around 200 million patients. Over 40 years later, Tu 10．______________(award) the Nobel Prize and encouraged further exploration of traditional Chinese medicine in her lecture.
born
deadly
at
Despite
a
benefited
was awarded
Activity 2
Core vocabulary breakthrough
核心词汇突破
Ⅰ 词条讲解
1．survival n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
【原句】Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. (page 44, lines 5–7) 得益于她发现的青蒿素，如今全世界疟疾患者的存活率大大提高。
【拓展】
survive vt. & vi. 生存；幸存；比……活(或存在)的时间长→survival n.
struggle/battle/fight for survival 为生存而斗争/战斗/拼搏
the survival of the fittest 适者生存
survive sb by … 比某人多活……
【即学即练】语法填空
①His only chance of ___________(survive)was a heart transplant.
②He survived his wife _____ two years.
survival
by
2．intend vt. & vi. 想要，计划；意指
【原句】In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. (page 44, lines 13–15) 20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾。1969年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长，这个课题组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。
【拓展】
intend vt. & vi.→intention n. 意图；打算→intentional adj. 故意的→intentionally adv. 故意地→unintentionally adv. 无意地；非故意地
intend to do/doing sth 打算/想要做某事
intend sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
had intended to do sth 本打算做某事(实际却未做)
be intended/meant for … 是为……打算/设计的
be intended to do sth 旨在做某事
with the intention of … 有……的目的
【即学即练】语法填空
①The writer clearly intends his readers ______________(identify) with the main character.
②This is a new book ___________(intend) for little children.
③I’m sorry I left you off the list—it wasn’t ____________(intention).
to identify
intended
intentional
3．limited adj. 有限的
【原句】However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. (page 45, lines 23–24) 然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
【拓展】
limited adj.→limitless adj. (反) 无限的
be limited to … 局限于……
limit sb to sth 限量
without limit 无限地，无限制地
set a limit on … 对……做出限制
【即学即练】语法填空
①To lose weight, he limits himself _____ one cup of milk and several vegetables a day.
②Life is __________, but learning is ____________．(limit)
to
limited
limitless
4．container n. 容器；集装箱，货柜
【原句】When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers. (page 45, lines 25–26) 当时没有研究设备，他们只能用家用的盛水容器来提取青蒿。
【拓展】
contain vt. 包含，包括；克制→container n.
container transport 集装箱运输
contain oneself 克制自己
contain one’s excitement 克制某人的激动
【即学即练】完成句子
我生气极了，简直无法克制自己。
I was so angry that I just couldn’t _________________．
contain myself
5．sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的
【原句】The trails on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data.(page 45, lines 29–30) 因为他们没有充足的安全性数据，在病人身上进行试验有可能推迟。
【拓展】
sufficient adj.→insufficient adj. (反)不充分的；不足的
→sufficiency n．足量，充足；自满
→self–sufficient adj. 自给自足的
sufficient condition 充分条件
more than sufficient 绰绰有余
be sufficient to do sth 足以做某事
be sufficient for … 足够……的
【即学即练】语法填空
①The money is not sufficient ____ cover everything that needs doing.
②The salary proved to be sufficient ______ his needs.
to
for
6．beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的
【原句】Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. (page 45, lines 38–40) 也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧，确实会发现更多有益于全球医疗的药物。
【拓展】
benefit n. 益处 vt. & vi. 使受益；得益于→beneficial adj.
be beneficial to sb/sth＝be of benefit to sb/sth＝benefit sb/sth＝do good to sb/sth 对……有利
for one’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb＝for one’s sake 为了某人的利益
benefit from … 得益于，受益于……
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子
①Water is _____________(benefit) to both plants and animals.
②我相信每个人都会从这次活动中受益良多。
I am sure everyone will _____________________________．
③别为我费工夫！
Don’t go to any trouble_________________！
beneficial
benefit a lot from this activity
for my benefit
7．illustrate vt. 说明，解释；加插图于
【原句】A good example to illustrate this point is the discovery of qinghaosu in 1972 …(page 47) 说明这点的一个好例子是1972年青蒿素的发现……
【拓展】
illustrate vt.→illustration n. 插图，图解；说明；实例
→illustrator n. 插图画家；说明者
to illustrate one’s point 为了阐述某人的观点
illustrate sth with … 用……来说明某物；给某物加插图
【即学即练】语法填空
①Each topic is illustrated _______ specific examples of economic practice.
②Here’s an example ________________(illustrate) what I mean.
with
to illustrate
Ⅱ 短语讲解
1．refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
【原句】 When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. (page 45, lines 16–18) 当它们未能产生预期效果时，屠呦呦再次查阅历代中医典籍。
【拓展】
refer(referred, referred) vi. 参考；称；描述；谈及，提到→reference n. 参考，查阅；提到；介绍信
refer to a dictionary＝look sth up in a dictionary 查词典
refer to … as … 把……称为……
reference book参考书；工具书
make (a) reference to … 提及；参考
in/with reference to＝in/with regard to＝concerning 关于
【即学即练】语法填空/完成句子
①The question ___________(refer) to at the meeting is hard to answer.
②Marcia had referred to Jack_____a dear friend.
③他只字不提自己的病情，只谈他未来的计划。
He _____________________ his illness but only to his future plans.
referred
as
made no reference to
2．speed up (使)加速
【原句】To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. (page 45, lines 30–31) 为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
【拓展】
speed n. 速度，速率；进度 vi. 快速前行 vt. 加速，促进
at the/a speed of … 以……的速度
pick up speed 加速
【即学即练】完成句子
①全面繁荣农村经济，加快城市化进程。
Make the rural economy flourish in an all–round way and __________ urbanization.
②既然他以每小时60英里的速度开车，那么事故是怎样发生的呢？
How did the accident come about since he drove _________________ sixty miles per hour
③他一驶入高速公路就加快了速度。
He __________________ once he entered the highway.
speed up
at the speed of
picked up speed
3．pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的；[生义]还清债务
【原句】The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. (page 45, line 32) 屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。
【拓展】
pay for … 为……付钱；为……付出代价
pay back 还钱；报复
【即学即练】完成句子
①他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
It was generous of him to offer to __________ us both.
②他们的努力最终有了回报。
Their efforts ___________ in the end.
pay for
paid off
1．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. (page 44, lines 1–5) 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。
【句式分析】the first … to do …结构，序数词后跟不定式做定语。awarded for …是过去分词短语做状语，非谓语和逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。
Activity 3
Analysis and imitation of complex sentences
长难句分析和仿写
【即学即练】仿写
他是第一个到达事故现场的人。
_________________________________________________
He is the first person to arrive at the scene of the accident.
2．She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. (page 44, lines 10–12) 她完成了传统中医的进修课程，获得了大量的传统中医和西医知识。
【句式分析】句中acquiring为现在分词做结果状语，和逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，表示自然而然的结果。
【即学即练】仿写
他工作到深夜，准时完成任务。
____________________________________________
He worked late into night, finishing the task on time.
3．Inspired by an over 1，600–year–old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.(page 45, lines 18–20) 据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载，古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物，受此启发，屠呦呦重新设计了实验，为了不破坏其(抗疟的)有效成分，她尝试在低温下提取青蒿。
【句式分析】句中Inspired by …为过去分词短语做状语，与主语Tu的关系为被动。in order (not) to引导目的状语。
【即学即练】仿写
从山顶上看，这座城市很漂亮。
____________________________________________
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful.
4．To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. (page 45, lines 30–31) 为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
【句式分析】句中To speed up the process and ensure its safety为不定式做目的状语。
【即学即练】仿写
为了改善健康，他开始每天早上慢跑。
_______________________________________________
To improve his health, he started jogging every morning.
Fill in the table below with as many words as you can.
Activity 4
Building your language
语言知识拓展
Parts of speech Suffixes Words
Adjectives –ity/–ty purity, security, simplicity
–th warmth, depth
Verbs –ion/–tion/–sion action, decision, collection, discussion
–ment development, agreement, excitement, achievement
–ence difference, existence
Adjectives/Verbs/Nouns –ship leadership, membership, relationship
Ⅰ 语法填空
1．With the help of a lot of people, our plan paid ______．
2．Food will last longer if kept in an airtight ____________(contain).
3．It was not my ____________(intend) that she should suffer.
4．No ____________(refer) to their existence appears in any literature of the period.
5．They may only have a ________(limit) amount of time to get their points across.
Activity 5
Consolidation and feedback
off
巩固反馈
container
intention
reference
limited
6．I think this is really _______________(sufficient) clear and let’s not spend any more time on this issue.
7．This book shares some of our experience during our ___________ (explore).
8．There are three ways of heat transfer: _____________(conduct), radiation and convection.
9．Walking is extremely _____________(benefit) to your body shaping.
10．A news broadcast was accurate and reliable but _________(dead) dull.
sufficiently
exploration
conduction
beneficial
deadly
11．Light clothes are ____________(effect) in keeping cool in warm weather.
12．Let me, by way of _______________(illustrate), quote from one of her poems.
13．After he ___________ the earthquake, Tom became one of the few ____________ of the town and his ___________ made his old friends very happy.(survive)
effective
illustration
survived
survivors
survival
14．The majority of the treated patients’ ____________ improved gradually and their main symptoms(症状) ____________ completely.(appear)
15．Because of his __________, Tom and his fellow _________ to complete the job.(fail)
appearance
disappeared
failure
failed
Ⅱ 从方框中选择恰当的短语填空
a cure for; speed up; die of; because of; give up; make good use of
1．First of all, if we work hard, we can ___________________ our talents.
2．The game was postponed _____________ the rain.
3．I __________ smoking on my doctor’s advice.
4．Personally speaking, I’d rather _________ thirst than drink champagne.
5．The grapes will soon be ripe. Let’s ___________ our preparations for the grape harvest.
6．It is possible that in the course of time __________ cancer will be found.
make good use of
because of
gave up
die of
speed up
a cure for
Ⅲ 翻译句子
1．她决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈终于带来了回报。(persistence; pay off)
_________________________________________________________________
2．大多数被邀请参加会议的人是我的同事。(过去分词做后置定语)
______________________________________________________
She was determined to become a doctor and her persistence finally paid off.
Most of the people invited to the conference were my colleagues.
3．受到朋友的鼓舞，他对自己仍然没有信心。(过去分词做状语)
_________________________________________________
4．他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。(with the intention of)
_______________________________________________
5．通过反复试验，他终于明白它是如何运作的。(through trial and error)
_________________________________________________
Inspired by his friends, he still has no confidence in himself.
He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.
Through trial and error, he finally found out how it worked.
1．Try to remember these useful expressions learnt in this class.
2．Finish the exercises on pages 37–40 of Exercise book.

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