资源简介

1．capability n．[课本义](完成困难事情的)能力，才能　[增补义](国家的)军事力量
①Humans are capable __ making decisions by themselves without input from others，and they can learn from experience．
②He was found lying in the road，drunk and _________ (capable)．
　应用文写作之建议信
外国学生学习中文的主要目的是能够用中文进行交流。
The main purpose of foreign students learning Chinese is __________________________________________________________________________．
◎have the capability to do sth．/of doing sth．有做某事的能力
◎capable adj．有能力的；足以胜任的
◎be capable of doing sth．有能力做某事
◎incapable adj．没有能力(做某事)的；不能自理的
◎This training program can improve students'capability to solve practical problems，so it's worth joining．
这个培训项目能提升学生解决实际问题的能力，所以它值得参加。
2．participant n．参加者，参与者
①All the ____________ (participant) in the competition shall get various prizes，depending on their performances．
②A back injury prevented active _____________ (participate) in any sports for a while．
　应用文写作之活动介绍
上周，我参加了我们学校的运动会，参与了400米赛跑——一次激动人心而又难忘的经历。
Last week，I ___________________________________________，competing in the 400-meter race—a thrilling and unforgettable experience．
◎participate vi．参加
◎participate in参加
◎participate in (doing) sth．with sb．同某人一起参加(做)某事
◎participation n．参加，参与
◎No matter how challenging the race was，all participants managed to reach the finish line．
无论比赛多么具有挑战性，所有参赛人员都设法到达了终点。
3．identical adj．完全相同的，非常相似的
①___________ (identical)，if you want that book，I'll bring it next time．
②The name on the ticket should be identical ________ the one in the passport．
　应用文写作之图画介绍
书的封面上有一只小猎犬，它看起来和我的狗一模一样。
There on the book's cover was a beagle ___________________________________________．
◎be identical to/with sb．/sth．和某人/某物相同/一致
◎identically adv．同一地；同样地
Our views on environmental protection are identical．
我们在环境保护方面的观点是一致的。
4．comparison n．[课本义]比较　[增补义]对比；相比
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 4)By __________ (compare)，in Bulgaria and southern Albania，the gestures have the opposite meaning．
②A teacher is often compared __ a candle．That's because their devotion to work is _______________ compare．
　应用文写作之观点表达
与西方音乐相比，我更喜欢东方音乐，因为它要柔和得多。
__________________________________，I prefer Eastern music，because it is much softer．
◎by comparison 比较起来；相比之下
◎in comparison (with sb．/sth．)(与某人/某物)相比较
◎(be) compared to/with...和……相比
◎compare...to...把……比作……
◎compare...with/and...把……和……比较
◎beyond/without compare无与伦比
◎In comparison with other students，Mike is more diligent．
和其他学生相比，迈克更加勤奋。
5．treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
①My mother is strongly opposed to my father treating me __ junk food．
②(人教版必修第二册Unit 5) Then one day，I had to go through a two-hour medical _________ (treat)．
　读后续写之心理描写
玛丽因被当作小孩对待而生气。
Mary was angry at __________________________________．
◎under treatment在治疗中
◎treat vt．治疗；以……方式对待；款待 n．款待；招待
◎treat...as/like...把……看作……；把……视为……
◎treat sb．to...用……招待/款待某人
◎My grandfather was under treatment in hospital，and as a consequence，I have to attend him．
我的祖父在医院接受治疗，因此我得照顾他。
6．contain vt．[课本义] 包含，容纳，装盛　[增补义]克制；抑制(感情)；防止……蔓延(或恶化)
①The class experiment that day was to show how heating a _________ (contain) of water would bring air bubbling to the surface．
②When taking up the prize，the young participant couldn't contain _______ (he) for joy，grinning from ear to ear．
　读后续写之情感描写、语言描写
他克制不住怒气，转过身来，愤怒地咆哮道：“到底是谁干的？”
_______________________________，he turned around and roared angrily，“Who on earth did it？”
◎contain one's anger/curiosity/feelings克制某人的愤怒/好奇心/情感
◎contain oneself克制自己
◎container n．容器；集装箱；货柜
◎(2025·全国一卷)Most of the essays filled less than one page，and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement．
大多数文章不足一页，而且几乎没有一篇包含能被解读为论点的句子。
7．locate vi．& vt．找出……的准确位置
①What is the exact ________ (locate) of the ship
②_______ (locate) in the central district，the Xi'an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price．
　读后续写之环境描写
厦门大学坐落在一座美丽的岛上，环境优美，景色迷人。
Xiamen University，_________________________________，has a wonderful environment and charming scenery．
◎located adj．位于
◎be located in＝be situated in位于；坐落于
◎location n．位置；地点
◎The West Lake is located in Hangzhou，which is also referred to as“Heaven on Earth”．
西湖位于杭州，杭州也被称为“人间天堂”。
8．opposed adj．与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
①However，many parents oppose __________ (separate) students into science and art．
②The government remains firm in its __________ (oppose) to tax reform．
　读后续写之心理描写
由于我所有的朋友都反对我的计划，我忍不住伤心地抽噎起来。
_________________________________________________，I couldn't resist sobbing sadly．
◎be opposed to (doing) sth．反对(做)某事
◎as opposed to 与……相反；而不是
◎oppose vt．反对；抵制；阻挠
◎oppose (doing) sth．反对(做)某事
◎opposition n．反对；对立
◎Students discuss ideas，as opposed to just copying from books．
学生们讨论想法，而不仅仅是照搬课本。
9．bury vt．[课本义] 埋葬，安葬；埋藏　[增补义]使陷入；覆盖；掩藏
①The physicist was wholly ______ (bury) in calculating a problem so he forgot his lunch．
②_______ (bury) his face in his hands，the reporter tried to control his weeping．
　完成句子
她埋头读书，不知道外面在下雪。
_____________________________________________________________________，she was not aware that it was snowing outside．
◎bury...in...把……埋到……
◎bury oneself in (doing)...埋头于/专心于……
◎be buried in专心于
◎The cables are buried one metre below ground level．
电缆埋在地平面下一米深的地方。
10．classify vt．将……分类；把……归入一类
①All __________(classify)documents must be stored in the locked cabinet，and their classification should be clearly marked．
②Scientists have proposed a new ______________ (classify) of marine organisms based on their living habits．
③We can classify regular exercise __ an effective way to keep healthy both physically and mentally．
　读后续写之动作、场景描写
老师一边微笑着解释标准，一边把学生的画作分为三类——风景画、肖像画和静物画。
The teacher _________________________________________________________—landscapes，portraits，and still lifes—while explaining the criteria with a smile．
◎classify...into...把……分为……
◎classify...as ...把……划分为/界定为……
◎classified adj．分类的；机密的
◎classification n．归类；分级；分类；类别
◎It's helpful to classify learning tasks into daily，weekly and monthly ones，which can improve study efficiency．
把学习任务分为每日、每周和每月的任务是有帮助的，这能提高学习效率。
◎Scientists have discovered a new type of butterfly which has not yet been classified．
科学家们发现了一种尚未被分类的新型蝴蝶。
11．[教材原句]They can be caused by several different factors，such as a virus being carried into an area，or changes in the way people live...(the way后跟定语从句)
它们可能是由几种不同的因素引起的，比如病毒被带到一个地区，或者人们生活方式的改变……
①The way ___________ came up at the meeting was unpractical．
②And you should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way ___________ (improve) your study．
　应用文写作之咨询信
你能告诉我你是怎么解决这个问题的吗？
Can you tell me the way ______________________________________________？
◎way后跟定语从句且关系代词在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词用that/in which或省略，作主语时用that或which，作宾语时用that，which或省略。
◎way表示“方式；方法”时，其后可以跟不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
◎The first thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important．
我要说的第一件事就是，你开始谈话的方式非常重要。
12．[教材原句]Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire．(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)
科学家们现在估计，该地区高达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国灭亡的主要原因之一。
①George returned after the war，only ____________ (tell) his wife had left him．
②They often cover only their eyes with their hands，_______ (leave) the rest of their bodies exposed．
　读后续写之行为描写
我匆匆赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
I rushed to the station in a hurry，_____________________________________．
◎动词-ing形式短语作结果状语，一般表示意料之中的结果。不定式短语作结果状语，通常表示事先未曾预料到的情况或结果，有时不定式前用only，以加强“意想不到”的语气。
◎I explained a lot to her，only to get the misunderstanding deeper and deeper．
我向她解释了很多，结果却使误会变得越来越深。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I tried to call you last Sunday but I couldn't get _______ anyhow．
2．Most crashes result ____ humans and not mechanical faults．
3．______ (bury) in writing a science fiction，she didn't realize it began to rain outside．
4．Fontbonne University is a liberal arts college，_______ (locate) in a residential suburb of St．Louis．
5．Having a strong network of family，friends，or mentors can provide _________ (emotion) support，advice，and encouragement during tough times．
6．What impresses us is Mr Wang's ongoing __________ to chase his dreams．He is always _______ of achieving his goals．(capable)
7．When you are asked to _____ something from the text，you must make __________ according to the passage you read instead of your imagination！(infer)
8．Don't _______ everything you have with others，for you will feel your life less satisfactory by __________．(compare)
9．Based on ________ data，I can __________ describe the project and in other words，my ________ relies on relevant data．(accurate)
10．Because of the economic __________，my father got less salaries than before，and we were all _________ at the __________ news．(depress)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．nerve
A．n．神经　　B．n．勇气　　C．vt．鼓足勇气
(1)I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute． _________
(2)With the encouragement and comfort，I finally nerved myself to bravely face the barrier． _________
(3)Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆)，I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand． _________
2．pose
A．n．(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势　B．vi．摆好姿势　C．vt．产生(问题、危险、困难)等　D．vt．提问；质询
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses... _________
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革)． _________
(3)When I finally posed the question，“Why？”，he merely shrugged． _________
(4)How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now？ _________
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington． _________
A．以……方式对待
B．治疗
C．(利用化学物质或反应)处理
4．Unfortunately，between us stood the barrier of language． _________
A．障碍物　　　　B．隔阂　　　　C．壁垒
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营中相处得非常好。
______________________________________________________，they got along quite well in the summer camp．
2．凯特所有的考试都没有通过，这使得她的父母非常生气。
Kate failed all her exams，_________________________________．
3．The wind blew gently and we enjoyed a pleasant walk in the park．
→________________________________，we enjoyed a pleasant walk in the park．(with的复合结构)
本周英语课上讨论的主题是“克隆技术的利与弊”。请你根据以下信息写一篇短文，与同学们分享：
1．克隆技术是科学发展的一种成果；
2．是否应该鼓励克隆，人们意见不一；
3．应该谨慎利用，扬利避害。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节。
　写作微练
①众所周知，科学家们在克隆技术方面取得了巨大的进步，这引发了关于克隆是福还是祸的激烈争论。
___________________ scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，_____________________________________________ over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse．
②一些人支持克隆，说它可以带来医学进步，有助于世界各地濒危甚至灭绝物种的繁殖。(they say...)
Some people support cloning，_____________________________________________ and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．
③但另一方面，许多人强烈反对它。(be opposed to)
But on the other hand，many people ______________________________．
④他们怀疑那些支持克隆的人在道德上是错误的，会给我们人类带来麻烦。
They suspect that those _____________________ are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans．
⑤就我而言，我坚持认为，我们一方面应该促进其发展，另一方面我们应该加强对克隆技术的管理。
As far as I'm concerned，I insist that on the one hand，_____________________________________，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．
⑥只有当我们在这个微妙的问题上表现出极大的谨慎，我们才能从克隆中受益匪浅。
Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue ________________________________________．
　句式升级
⑦用动词-ing形式短语作状语升级句②
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
【参考范文】
It is known that scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，which has brought about a heated debate over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse．
Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．But on the other hand，many people are strongly opposed to it．They suspect that those who support cloning are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans．
As far as I'm concerned，I insist that on the one hand，we should promote its development，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue can we benefit greatly from cloning．
　语料积累
教材语料 亮词 情感描写：emotion；ethical；blessing；nerve；depressing
动作描写：justify；infer；calculate；innovate；abuse；locate；classify；estimate；bury；identify
美句 1．It has been one of the key weapons for unsolved cases． 2．Centuries later，the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918，also called the Spanish Flu，struck near the end of World War Ⅰ． 3．SARS was examined by scientists，who were confused by this new disease and wanted to learn more about it and its causes．
拓展 语料 单词 skip蹦跳着走；run跑；race赛跑；jog慢跑；fly疾行；approach接近，靠近；drag缓慢而费力地行进；dance跳跃，雀跃；jump 跳，跃；escape逃跑；flee逃走；rush迅速移动；dash猛冲，急奔；stride大步走；stroll/wander 漫步，闲逛；dart飞奔，猛冲；march行进，齐步走；tiptoe蹑手蹑脚地走；stagger摇摇晃晃地走；stumble跌跌撞撞地走；trot小跑，快步，疾走
语块 steal/slide into溜进；dash/rush for/to向……冲去；burst into闯进；head for/towards...朝……走去；make a rush for冲向；charge out/into冲出/冲进；pace up and down踱来踱去；jump off跳下来；hurry off匆忙离开
句型 1．The man dashed/rushed for the exit，and escaped in great panic． 那人向出口冲去，惊慌失措地逃走了。 2．He started pacing up and down in the room with a frown on his face． 他皱着眉头开始在房间里踱来踱去。 3．No longer hesitating，he jumped off the truck and flew towards the building like an arrow． 他不再犹豫，跳下卡车，像箭一样飞奔向大楼。 4．Racing/Dashing/Running home，he burst into the bedroom，picked up my purse and charged out． 他飞奔着跑回家，冲进卧室，拿起我的钱包冲了出去。
　语料运用
①汤姆·史密斯是一个17岁的男孩，他有幸拥有一个大家庭，除了他之外，所有家庭成员都有一些乐器天赋。(定语从句)
Tom Smith is a 17-year-old boy ______________________________________ where all family members are gifted in some musical instruments except him．
②他曾经怀疑自己可能不属于这个家庭，或许他只是被收养的。(suspect)
_________________________ he may not belong to the family，or maybe he was just the adopted one．
③一天，他皱着眉头在房间里踱来踱去，这时他突然想到了一个主意。(with的复合结构)
One day，he was pacing up and down in the room _____________________________ when suddenly an idea struck him．
④他应该秘密进行一次基因检测以证明自己的身份。(justify)
He should secretly make a gene detection to ______________________．
⑤于是，那天下午，在院子里慢跑后，他蹑手蹑脚地来到卧室，试图寻找一些父母的头发。(after＋动词-ing形式短语；动词-ing形式短语作状语)
So，that afternoon，_____________________________，he tiptoed to the bedroom，_________________________________________________．
⑥经过一番仔细搜寻，他终于找到了一些，并迅速逃离，他的心脏剧烈跳动。(with的复合结构)
After a careful search，he finally found some，and escaped quickly __________________________________．
⑦他一从家里逃离就立即赶往医院。(flee)
____________________________________，he rushed to the hospital without delay．
⑧他把样本交给医生，并被要求次日取结果。(submit)
He _______________________________________ and was asked to pick up the result the next day．
⑨他感到宽慰和轻松，在附近的公园里停了下来，悠闲地漫步，自言自语地说：“真相很快就会水落石出。”(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Feeling relieved and relaxed，he stopped in the nearby park，____________________，saying to himself，“The truth will soon come out．”
⑩第二天，他忐忑不安，匆匆赶往医院，拿到了基因鉴定证书。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
The next day，_____________________________________，he hurried to the hospital and got the gene identification certificate．
“谢天谢地！我是一个真正的史密斯家族成员。”
“Thank goodness！I am indeed ______________．”
选择性必修第三册　UNIT 9
考点归纳　精准讲练
1．①of　②incapable
完美写作
to have the capability to communicate/of communicating in Chinese
2．①participants　②participation
完美写作
participated in our school sports meet
3．①Identically　②with/to
完美写作
which looked identical to/with my dog
4．①comparison　②to；beyond/without
完美写作
Compared to/with Western music
5．①to　②treatment
完美写作
being treated like/as a child
6．①container　②himself
完美写作
Unable to contain his anger
7．①location　②Located
完美写作
located on a beautiful island
8．①separating　②opposition
完美写作
With all of my friends opposed to my plan
9．①buried　②Burying
完美写作
Buried in her books/Burying herself in her books/in reading her books
10．①classified　②classification　③as
完美写作
classified the students' paintings into three groups
11．①that/which　②to improve
完美写作
(in which/that) you solved the problem
12．①to be told　②leaving
完美写作
only to find the train had already gone
基础巩固　达标训练
Ⅰ．1．through　2．from　3．Buried　4．located　5．emotional　6．capability；capable　7．infer；inferences　8．compare；comparison　9．accurate；accurately；accuracy　10．depression；depressed；depressing
Ⅱ．1．(1)B　(2)C　(3)A
2．(1)A　(2)C　(3)D　(4)B
3．C　4．B
Ⅲ．1．While the students came from different countries
2．making her parents very angry　3．With the wind blowing gently
主题引领　写作提能
应用文写作
Step 1　写作微练
①It is known that；which has brought about a heated debate　②and they say it can bring medical progress　③are strongly opposed to it　④who support cloning　⑤we should promote its development　⑥can we benefit greatly from cloning
Step 2　句式升级
⑦Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．
Step 3　妙笔成篇
It is known that scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，which has brought about a heated debate over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse．
Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．But on the other hand，many people are strongly opposed to it．They suspect that those who support cloning are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans．
As far as I'm concerned，I insist that on the one hand，we should promote its development，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue can we benefit greatly from cloning．
读后续写
Step 2　语料运用
①who is blessed with a big family　②He once suspected that　③with a frown on his face　④justify his identity　⑤after jogging in the yard；trying to find some hairs from his parents　⑥with his heart pounding wildly　⑦The moment he fled out of home　⑧submitted the sample to the doctor　⑨wandering leisurely　⑩having butterflies in his stomach　 a real Smith
1 / 15(共136张PPT)
选择性必修第三册　UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题 导图串记
考点归纳 精准讲练
1．capability n．[课本义](完成困难事情的)能力，才能　[增补义](国家的)军事力量
①Humans are capable __ making decisions by themselves without input from others，and they can learn from experience．
②He was found lying in the road，drunk and _________ (capable)．
of
incapable
完美写作　应用文写作之建议信
外国学生学习中文的主要目的是能够用中文进行交流。
The main purpose of foreign students learning Chinese is ____________
_____________________________________________________．
to have the
capability to communicate/of communicating in Chinese
◎have the capability to do sth．/of doing sth．有做某事的能力
◎capable adj．有能力的；足以胜任的
◎be capable of doing sth．有能力做某事
◎incapable adj．没有能力(做某事)的；不能自理的
◎This training program can improve students'capability to solve practical problems，so it's worth joining．
这个培训项目能提升学生解决实际问题的能力，所以它值得参加。
2．participant n．参加者，参与者
①All the ____________ (participant) in the competition shall get various prizes，depending on their performances．
②A back injury prevented active _____________ (participate) in any sports for a while．
participants
participation
完美写作　应用文写作之活动介绍
上周，我参加了我们学校的运动会，参与了400米赛跑——一次激动人心而又难忘的经历。
Last week，I _____________________________________，competing in the 400-meter race—a thrilling and unforgettable experience．
participated in our school sports meet
◎participate vi．参加
◎participate in参加
◎participate in (doing) sth．with sb．同某人一起参加(做)某事
◎participation n．参加，参与
◎No matter how challenging the race was，all participants managed to reach the finish line．
无论比赛多么具有挑战性，所有参赛人员都设法到达了终点。
3．identical adj．完全相同的，非常相似的
①___________ (identical)，if you want that book，I'll bring it next time．
②The name on the ticket should be identical ________ the one in the passport．
Identically
with/to
完美写作　应用文写作之图画介绍
书的封面上有一只小猎犬，它看起来和我的狗一模一样。
There on the book's cover was a beagle __________________________
___________．
which looked identical to/with
my dog
◎be identical to/with sb．/sth．和某人/某物相同/一致
◎identically adv．同一地；同样地
Our views on environmental protection are identical．
我们在环境保护方面的观点是一致的。
4．comparison n．[课本义]比较　[增补义]对比；相比
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 4)By __________ (compare)，in Bulgaria and southern Albania，the gestures have the opposite meaning．
②A teacher is often compared __ a candle．That's because their devotion to work is _______________ compare．
comparison
to
beyond/without
完美写作　应用文写作之观点表达
与西方音乐相比，我更喜欢东方音乐，因为它要柔和得多。
_______________________________，I prefer Eastern music，because it is much softer．
Compared to/with Western music
◎by comparison 比较起来；相比之下
◎in comparison (with sb．/sth．)(与某人/某物)相比较
◎(be) compared to/with...和……相比
◎compare...to...把……比作……
◎compare...with/and...把……和……比较
◎beyond/without compare无与伦比
◎In comparison with other students，Mike is more diligent．
和其他学生相比，迈克更加勤奋。
5．treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
①My mother is strongly opposed to my father treating me __ junk food．
②(人教版必修第二册Unit 5) Then one day，I had to go through a two-hour medical _________ (treat)．
to
treatment
完美写作　读后续写之心理描写
玛丽因被当作小孩对待而生气。
Mary was angry at ______________________________．
being treated like/as a child
◎under treatment在治疗中
◎treat vt．治疗；以……方式对待；款待 n．款待；招待
◎treat...as/like...把……看作……；把……视为……
◎treat sb．to...用……招待/款待某人
◎My grandfather was under treatment in hospital，and as a consequence，I have to attend him．
我的祖父在医院接受治疗，因此我得照顾他。
6．contain vt．[课本义] 包含，容纳，装盛　[增补义]克制；抑制(感情)；防止……蔓延(或恶化)
①The class experiment that day was to show how heating a _________ (contain) of water would bring air bubbling to the surface．
②When taking up the prize，the young participant couldn't contain _______ (he) for joy，grinning from ear to ear．
container
himself
完美写作　读后续写之情感描写、语言描写
他克制不住怒气，转过身来，愤怒地咆哮道：“到底是谁干的？”
___________________________，he turned around and roared angrily，“Who on earth did it？”
Unable to contain his anger
◎contain one's anger/curiosity/feelings克制某人的愤怒/好奇心/情感
◎contain oneself克制自己
◎container n．容器；集装箱；货柜
◎(2025·全国一卷)Most of the essays filled less than one page，and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement．
大多数文章不足一页，而且几乎没有一篇包含能被解读为论点的句子。
7．locate vi．& vt．找出……的准确位置
①What is the exact ________ (locate) of the ship
②_______ (locate) in the central district，the Xi'an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price．
location
Located
完美写作　读后续写之环境描写
厦门大学坐落在一座美丽的岛上，环境优美，景色迷人。
Xiamen University，___________________________，has a wonderful environment and charming scenery．
located on a beautiful island
◎located adj．位于
◎be located in＝be situated in位于；坐落于
◎location n．位置；地点
◎The West Lake is located in Hangzhou，which is also referred to as“Heaven on Earth”．
西湖位于杭州，杭州也被称为“人间天堂”。
8．opposed adj．与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
①However，many parents oppose __________ (separate) students into science and art．
②The government remains firm in its __________ (oppose) to tax reform．
separating
opposition
完美写作　读后续写之心理描写
由于我所有的朋友都反对我的计划，我忍不住伤心地抽噎起来。
_____________________________________，I couldn't resist sobbing sadly．
With all of my friends opposed to my plan
◎be opposed to (doing) sth．反对(做)某事
◎as opposed to 与……相反；而不是
◎oppose vt．反对；抵制；阻挠
◎oppose (doing) sth．反对(做)某事
◎opposition n．反对；对立
◎Students discuss ideas，as opposed to just copying from books．
学生们讨论想法，而不仅仅是照搬课本。
9．bury vt．[课本义] 埋葬，安葬；埋藏　[增补义]使陷入；覆盖；掩藏
①The physicist was wholly ______ (bury) in calculating a problem so he forgot his lunch．
②________ (bury) his face in his hands，the reporter tried to control his weeping．
buried
Burying
完美写作　完成句子
她埋头读书，不知道外面在下雪。
_________________________________________________________，she was not aware that it was snowing outside．
Buried in her books/Burying herself in her books/in reading her books
◎bury...in...把……埋到……
◎bury oneself in (doing)...埋头于/专心于……
◎be buried in专心于
◎The cables are buried one metre below ground level．
电缆埋在地平面下一米深的地方。
10．classify vt．将……分类；把……归入一类
①All __________(classify)documents must be stored in the locked cabinet，and their classification should be clearly marked．
②Scientists have proposed a new ______________ (classify) of marine organisms based on their living habits．
③We can classify regular exercise __ an effective way to keep healthy both physically and mentally．
classified
classification
as
完美写作　读后续写之动作、场景描写
老师一边微笑着解释标准，一边把学生的画作分为三类——风景画、肖像画和静物画。
The teacher _______________________________________________—landscapes，portraits，and still lifes—while explaining the criteria with a smile．
classified the students'paintings into three groups
◎classify...into...把……分为……
◎classify...as ...把……划分为/界定为……
◎classified adj．分类的；机密的
◎classification n．归类；分级；分类；类别
◎It's helpful to classify learning tasks into daily，weekly and monthly ones，which can improve study efficiency．
把学习任务分为每日、每周和每月的任务是有帮助的，这能提高学习效率。
◎Scientists have discovered a new type of butterfly which has not yet been classified．
科学家们发现了一种尚未被分类的新型蝴蝶。
11．[教材原句]They can be caused by several different factors，such as a virus being carried into an area，or changes in the way people live...(the way后跟定语从句)
它们可能是由几种不同的因素引起的，比如病毒被带到一个地区，或者人们生活方式的改变……
①The way ___________ came up at the meeting was unpractical．
②And you should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way __________ (improve) your study．
that/which
to improve
完美写作　应用文写作之咨询信
你能告诉我你是怎么解决这个问题的吗？
Can you tell me the way ____________________________________？
(in which/that) you solved the problem
◎way后跟定语从句且关系代词在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词用that/in which或省略，作主语时用that或which，作宾语时用that，which或省略。
◎way表示“方式；方法”时，其后可以跟不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
◎The first thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important．
我要说的第一件事就是，你开始谈话的方式非常重要。
12．[教材原句]Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire．(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)
科学家们现在估计，该地区高达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国灭亡的主要原因之一。
①George returned after the war，only __________ (tell) his wife had left him．
②They often cover only their eyes with their hands，_______ (leave) the rest of their bodies exposed．
to be told
leaving
完美写作　读后续写之行为描写
我匆匆赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
I rushed to the station in a hurry，__________________________________．
only to find the train had already gone
◎动词-ing形式短语作结果状语，一般表示意料之中的结果。不定式短语作结果状语，通常表示事先未曾预料到的情况或结果，有时不定式前用only，以加强“意想不到”的语气。
◎I explained a lot to her，only to get the misunderstanding deeper and deeper．
我向她解释了很多，结果却使误会变得越来越深。
基础巩固 达标训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I tried to call you last Sunday but I couldn't get _______ anyhow．
2．Most crashes result ____ humans and not mechanical faults．
3．_______ (bury) in writing a science fiction，she didn't realize it began to rain outside．
4．Fontbonne University is a liberal arts college，_______ (locate) in a residential suburb of St．Louis．
through
from
Buried
located
5．Having a strong network of family，friends，or mentors can provide _________ (emotion) support，advice，and encouragement during tough times．
6．What impresses us is Mr Wang's ongoing __________ to chase his dreams．He is always _______ of achieving his goals．(capable)
7．When you are asked to _____ something from the text，you must make __________ according to the passage you read instead of your imagination！(infer)
emotional
capability
capable
infer
inferences
8．Don't _______ everything you have with others，for you will feel your life less satisfactory by __________．(compare)
9．Based on ________ data，I can __________ describe the project and in other words，my ________ relies on relevant data．(accurate)
10．Because of the economic __________，my father got less salaries than before，and we were all _________ at the __________ news．(depress)
compare
comparison
accurate
accurately
accuracy
depression
depressed
depressing
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．nerve
A．n．神经　　B．n．勇气　　C．vt．鼓足勇气
(1)I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute． __
(2)With the encouragement and comfort，I finally nerved myself to bravely face the barrier． __
(3)Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆)，I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand． __
B
C
A
2．pose
A．n．(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势　B．vi．摆好姿势　C．vt．产生(问题、危险、困难)等　D．vt．提问；质询
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses... __
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革)． __
(3)When I finally posed the question，“Why？”，he merely shrugged． __
(4)How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now？ __
A
C
D
B
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington． __
A．以……方式对待
B．治疗
C．(利用化学物质或反应)处理
4．Unfortunately，between us stood the barrier of language． __
A．障碍物　　　　B．隔阂　　　　C．壁垒
C
B
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营中相处得非常好。
___________________________________________，they got along quite well in the summer camp．
2．凯特所有的考试都没有通过，这使得她的父母非常生气。
Kate failed all her exams，_____________________________．
While the students came from different countries
making her parents very angry
3．The wind blew gently and we enjoyed a pleasant walk in the park．
→____________________________，we enjoyed a pleasant walk in the park．(with的复合结构)
With the wind blowing gently
主题引领 写作提能
本周英语课上讨论的主题是“克隆技术的利与弊”。请你根据以下信息写一篇短文，与同学们分享：
1．克隆技术是科学发展的一种成果；
2．是否应该鼓励克隆，人们意见不一；
3．应该谨慎利用，扬利避害。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节。
Step1　写作微练
①众所周知，科学家们在克隆技术方面取得了巨大的进步，这引发了关于克隆是福还是祸的激烈争论。
________________ scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，_____________________________________ over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse．
It is known that
which has brought about a heated debate
②一些人支持克隆，说它可以带来医学进步，有助于世界各地濒危甚至灭绝物种的繁殖。(they say...)
Some people support cloning，_________________________________
and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．
and they say it can bring medical progress
③但另一方面，许多人强烈反对它。(be opposed to)
But on the other hand，many people __________________________．
④他们怀疑那些支持克隆的人在道德上是错误的，会给我们人类带来麻烦。
They suspect that those ___________________ are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans．
are strongly opposed to it
who support cloning
⑤就我而言，我坚持认为，我们一方面应该促进其发展，另一方面我们应该加强对克隆技术的管理。
As far as I'm concerned，I insist that on the one hand，_____________
____________________，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．
⑥只有当我们在这个微妙的问题上表现出极大的谨慎，我们才能从克隆中受益匪浅。
Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue ______________
_____________________．
we should
can we benefit
greatly from cloning
promote its development
Step2　句式升级
⑦用动词-ing形式短语作状语升级句②
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．
Step3　妙笔成篇
【参考范文】
It is known that scientists have made great progress in cloning technology，which has brought about a heated debate over whether cloning is a blessing or a curse．
Some people support cloning，saying it can bring medical progress and help the reproduction of endangered and even extinct species around the world．But on the other hand，many people are strongly opposed to it．They suspect that those who support cloning are morally wrong and would bring trouble to us humans．
As far as I'm concerned，I insist that on the one hand，we should promote its development，and on the other hand，we should strengthen the management of cloning technology．Only when we show great caution on this delicate issue can we benefit greatly from cloning．
教材 语料 亮词 情感描写：emotion；ethical；blessing；nerve；depressing
动作描写：justify；infer；calculate；innovate；abuse；locate；classify；estimate；bury；identify
Step1　语料积累
教材 语料 美句 1．It has been one of the key weapons for unsolved cases．
2．Centuries later，the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918，also called the Spanish Flu，struck near the end of World War Ⅰ．
3．SARS was examined by scientists，who were confused by this new disease and wanted to learn more about it and its causes．
拓展 语料 单词 skip蹦跳着走；run跑；race赛跑；jog慢跑；fly疾行；approach接近，靠近；drag缓慢而费力地行进；dance跳跃，雀跃；jump 跳，跃；escape逃跑；flee逃走；rush迅速移动；dash猛冲，急奔；stride大步走；stroll/wander 漫步，闲逛；dart飞奔，猛冲；march行进，齐步走；tiptoe蹑手蹑脚地走；stagger摇摇晃晃地走；stumble跌跌撞撞地走；trot小跑，快步，疾走
拓展 语料 语块 steal/slide into溜进；dash/rush for/to向……冲去；burst into闯进；head for/towards...朝……走去；make a rush for冲向；charge out/into冲出/冲进；pace up and down踱来踱去；jump off跳下来；hurry off匆忙离开
拓展 语料 句型 1．The man dashed/rushed for the exit，and escaped in great panic．
那人向出口冲去，惊慌失措地逃走了。
2．He started pacing up and down in the room with a frown on his face．
他皱着眉头开始在房间里踱来踱去。
拓展 语料 句型 3．No longer hesitating，he jumped off the truck and flew towards the building like an arrow．
他不再犹豫，跳下卡车，像箭一样飞奔向大楼。
4．Racing/Dashing/Running home，he burst into the bedroom，picked up my purse and charged out．
他飞奔着跑回家，冲进卧室，拿起我的钱包冲了出去。
Step2　语料运用
①汤姆·史密斯是一个17岁的男孩，他有幸拥有一个大家庭，除了他之外，所有家庭成员都有一些乐器天赋。(定语从句)
Tom Smith is a 17-year-old boy ________________________________ where all family members are gifted in some musical instruments except him．
who is blessed with a big family
②他曾经怀疑自己可能不属于这个家庭，或许他只是被收养的。(suspect)
______________________ he may not belong to the family，or maybe he was just the adopted one．
③一天，他皱着眉头在房间里踱来踱去，这时他突然想到了一个主意。(with的复合结构)
One day，he was pacing up and down in the room __________________
______ when suddenly an idea struck him．
He once suspected that
with a frown on his
face
④他应该秘密进行一次基因检测以证明自己的身份。(justify)
He should secretly make a gene detection to ____________________．
⑤于是，那天下午，在院子里慢跑后，他蹑手蹑脚地来到卧室，试图寻找一些父母的头发。(after＋动词-ing形式短语；动词-ing形式短语作状语)
So，that afternoon，_________________________，he tiptoed to the bedroom，__________________________________________．
justify his identity
after jogging in the yard
trying to find some hairs from his parents
⑥经过一番仔细搜寻，他终于找到了一些，并迅速逃离，他的心脏剧烈跳动。(with的复合结构)
After a careful search，he finally found some，and escaped quickly ______________________________．
⑦他一从家里逃离就立即赶往医院。(flee)
______________________________，he rushed to the hospital without delay．
with his heart pounding wildly
The moment he fled out of home
⑧他把样本交给医生，并被要求次日取结果。(submit)
He __________________________________ and was asked to pick up the result the next day．
⑨他感到宽慰和轻松，在附近的公园里停了下来，悠闲地漫步，自言自语地说：“真相很快就会水落石出。”(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Feeling relieved and relaxed，he stopped in the nearby park，___________________，saying to himself，“The truth will soon come out．”
submitted the sample to the doctor
wandering leisurely
⑩第二天，他忐忑不安，匆匆赶往医院，拿到了基因鉴定证书。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
The next day，_________________________________，he hurried to the hospital and got the gene identification certificate．
“谢天谢地！我是一个真正的史密斯家族成员。”
“Thank goodness！I am indeed ____________．”
having butterflies in his stomach
a real Smith
题型组合练(二十七)　选择性必修第三册　UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2026·山东济南联考)For some of us，going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary．But for many people around the world，especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas，having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn't possible．A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation．
Growing up in the USA，Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master's degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father's home—Balsabo in Brazil—converted his initial plan．“All locals didn't have access to dental care，and consequently，many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth，leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouths open，”Felipe Rossi recalled．“A desire was planted in my heart．That is，to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems．”
With the support of his parents，Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning，fillings，crowns，restoration work and more．His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil．
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies．Individuals may also make donations through the“Smile Solidarity”program，where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute．Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country．
As noble as its objective is，Felipe admits that Porsorriso is“struggling to survive”because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning．“Challenging as it is，it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals．We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face，”Felipe said with a strong will．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西牙医Felipe Rossi创建了非政府组织Porsorriso，致力于为贫困地区的低收入人群提供免费的口腔治疗服务。
√
1．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By posing a contrast．
B．By reporting an event．
C．By assuming a situation．
D．By making an appeal．
A　[推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章开头通过对比一些人定期去牙医处进行常规检查，而世界上很多人尤其是贫困地区的人们无法进行牙科治疗和牙齿检查的情况，引出了文章的主题，即巴西牙医Felipe Rossi致力于帮助改变这种情况。因此，作者通过提出对比来引入文章的主题。故选A。]
√
2．What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A．The support from his parents．
B．The passion for dental health．
C．The encounter with locals lacking dental care．
D．The professional skills and knowledge from college．
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Felipe Rossi在巴西的Balsabo地区看到当地人没有机会接受牙科治疗，因此很多人牙齿变形或甚至失去牙齿，这激发了他提供牙科治疗的决心；由此可知，是当地人缺乏牙科护理的遭遇促使Felipe为巴西人提供牙科治疗。故选C。]
√
3．Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A．Hopeful and diligent．
B．Faithful and ambitious．
C．Intelligent and creative．
D．Charitable and dedicated．
D　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Felipe Rossi想要利用自己的技能为遭受牙科问题的人们带来健康的笑容，这表明他具有慈善精神。在最后一段中，他承认Porsorriso的生存很困难，但他们将继续进行这项具有改变性的举动，无论他们将面临什么困难，这表明他具有奉献精神。故选D。]
4．What do we know about Porsorriso
A．It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need．
B．It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority．
C．It is financially supported by corporations and individuals．
D．It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，Porsorriso是由企业和个人提供经济支持。故选C。]
B
(2026·安徽合肥模拟)In the late 19th century，American surgeon William Coley observed that a patient with a neck tumor recovered unexpectedly after contracting a severe bacterial infection．This led him to experiment with injecting killed bacteria into cancer patients，often with success．His idea—that infections could stimulate the immune system to fight cancer—was not widely accepted until the 1950s．Today，it serves as the foundation for developing“cancer vaccines，”designed to train the immune system to recognize and attack tumors．
Cancer arises from genetic mutations (突变)，and the immune system usually identifies abnormal cells through foreign proteins called neoantigens (新抗原)．However，some cancer cells evolve to evade detection，allowing them to spread．Scientists have now discovered that these unique neoantigens can be targeted through vaccines．By sequencing a tumor's DNA，researchers can identify specific neoantigens and use mRNA technology to instruct the body to produce them，thereby triggering an immune response against the cancer．
The rapid development of mRNA vaccines during the pandemic has made this approach feasible within six weeks，though at a high cost．Recent trials have shown promise：Moderna and Merck's mRNA-4157 (v940) vaccine for melanoma reduced the risk of cancer recurrence or death by nearly 50% in phase 2 trials．Researchers believe that combining such vaccines with other immunotherapies (免疫疗法)，like Keytruda，could enhance their effectiveness．Studies on lung，kidney，and pancreatic cancers (胰腺癌) are also underway．
Personalised cancer vaccines are complicated and expensive to make and some important scientific questions have been unanswered．For example，it is unclear why the immune system will overlook a neoantigen if it is produced by a tumor，but will leap into action when it is delivered by vaccine．Therefore，how effective modern vaccine candidates will turn out to be still remains unknown．
Despite those challenges，scientists remain hopeful．Some envision cancer vaccines eventually replacing invasive treatments like chemotherapy or even being used preventatively．While cancer vaccines have long faced setbacks，2025 may mark a turning point in their success．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章追溯了从19世纪威廉·科利的发现到现代mRNA癌症疫苗的发展历程，阐述了新抗原的关键作用及当前挑战，并展望了该技术的治疗前景。
√
5．What was the key discovery made by William Coley in the late 19th century
A．He proved that cancer is caused by bacterial infections．
B．He found that infections could activate the immune system against cancer．
C．He developed the first mRNA-based cancer vaccine．
D．He discovered that tumors produce unique proteins called neoantigens．
B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the late 19th century，American surgeon William Coley observed that a patient with a neck tumor recovered unexpectedly after contracting a severe bacterial infection...that infections could stimulate the immune system to fight cancer—was not widely accepted until the 1950s．”可知，威廉·科利发现感染可能激活免疫系统对抗癌症，这一发现非常关键。故选B项。]
√
6．Why are neoantigens crucial for cancer vaccines
A．They help cancer cells evade the immune system．
B．They are common in all types of cancer and require no customization．
C．They can stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells．
D．They prevent genetic mutations from occurring in healthy cells．
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“By sequencing a tumor's DNA，researchers can identify specific neoantigens and use mRNA technology to instruct the body to produce them，thereby triggering an immune response against the cancer．”可知，新抗原可以刺激免疫系统识别并摧毁癌细胞，因此对癌症疫苗非常重要。故选C项。]
√
7．What major factor contributed to the recent acceleration in cancer vaccine development
A．Advances in traditional chemotherapy methods．
B．The rapid progress in mRNA vaccine technology．
C．The discovery of a universal cancer antigen．
D．The increased use of antibiotics in cancer treatment．
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The rapid development of mRNA vaccines during the pandemic has made this approach feasible within six weeks，though at a high cost．”可知，近期癌症疫苗研发的加速主要得益于mRNA技术的快速发展。故选B项。]
√
8．What remains a major challenge in developing cancer vaccines
A．The inability to detect cancer cells through genetic sequencing．
B．The lack of successful clinical trials for mRNA-based treatments．
C．The difficulty in predicting which neoantigens trigger the strongest immune response．
D．The failure of vaccines to work alongside immunotherapy drugs．
C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“For example，it is unclear why the immune system will overlook a neoantigen if it is produced by a tumor...how effective modern vaccine candidates will turn out to be still remains unknown．”可知，很难预测哪种新抗原能引发最强的免疫反应，是当前研发的主要难题。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·河南周口三模)Joel Breman，a leader in efforts to control smallpox，Ebola，malaria and other infectious diseases，died in Chevy Chase，Maryland，at the age of 87．
Peter Piot，a fellow　1　 investigator，remembers the time when he met Breman．Piot came to Kinshasa in central Africa to investigate a 　2　 new disease．Breman was there 　3　 for the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention．
Piot，Breman and the others spent several months on the 　4　 in central Africa．The disease they were 　5　 turned out to be Ebola，which at the time had a 90% death rate．“It was 　6　 stressful，”said Piot．The team worked day and night，collecting 　7　 from local people．“But Breman always remained 　8　，”added Piot．By the end of the trip，Piot was 　9　 over by Breman's patience and his ability and enthusiasm in his work and life．
In the following years，Breman 　10　 working on several other infectious diseases at the National Vaccine Program Office．Also，he trained scientists，wrote books and published articles in 　11　 journals．
Breman was kind and respectful to others．His family regarded him as adventurous and caring．Breman always　12　 his kids to go to interesting places and experience new 　13　．His daughter said，“It was 　14　 that when he lay in the ICU，he was thinking of other people．”In his funeral (葬礼)，his friend Walter Cohn 　15　 Breman's life with“Healing the world”．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是传染病防控专家乔尔·布雷曼一生致力于抗击传染病并影响他人的感人故事。
1．A．economy　　　　　　 B．education
C．disease D．resource
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Joel Breman，a leader in efforts to control smallpox，Ebola，malaria and other infectious diseases”可知，布雷曼是传染病防控方面的领导者，所以彼得·皮奥特也是疾病调查员。故选C项。]
2．A．natural B．deadly
C．common D．different
√
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文的“The disease they were ________ turned out to be Ebola，which at the time had a 90% death rate．”可知，埃博拉死亡率高达90%，所以是致命的新疾病。故选B项。]
3．A．working B．waiting
C．searching D．preparing
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据语境和上文的“Peter Piot，a fellow ________ investigator，remembers the time when he met Breman．”可知，皮奥特是一位与布雷曼同行的疾病调查员，到非洲中部的金沙萨调查一种致命的新疾病，他记得遇见布雷曼的时候，由此可推断，布雷曼在为美国疾病控制与预防中心工作。故选A项。]
4．A．way B．ground
C．edge D．air
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“The team worked day and night，collecting ________ from local people．”可知，他们是在实地调查疾病，on the ground意为“在实地”。故选B项。]
5．A．carrying B．missing
C．examining D．spreading
√
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“Piot came to Kinshasa in central Africa to investigate a ________ new disease．”可知，他们在检查疾病。故选C项。]
6．A．close B．super
C．right D．little
√
B　[考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“The disease they were ________ turned out to be Ebola，which at the time had a 90% death rate．”可知，埃博拉死亡率为90%，结合下文“The team worked day and night”可知，这项工作非常有压力，super stressful意为“非常有压力的”。故选B项。]
7．A．standard B．advice
C．data D．experience
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The disease they were ________ turned out to be Ebola，which at the time had a 90% death rate．”可知，他们在调查疾病，所以此处指的是从当地人那里收集“数据”，符合语境。故选C项。]
8．A．puzzled B．safe
C．tired D．calm
√
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“‘It was ________ stressful，’said Piot．The team worked day and night，collecting ________ from local people．”可知，埃博拉致死率达到90%，他们日夜工作，工作压力很大，结合“but”可知，此处指的是布雷曼总是保持冷静，与压力大形成对比。故选D项。]
9．A．bowled B．handed
C．watched D．passed
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“by Breman's patience and his ability and enthusiasm in his work and life”可知，皮奥特在此次行程中注意到了布雷曼的耐心、能力和热情，由此可推断，此处指的是他被布雷曼这些品质折服，be bowled over by 意为“被……折服”。故选A项。]
10．A．remembered B．admitted
C．finished D．continued
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“Piot，Breman and the others spent several months on the ________ in central Africa．”可知，布雷曼在非洲中部调查疾病，结合下文中的“working on several other infectious diseases”可知，此处指的是他“继续”研究其他传染病。故选D项。]
11．A．medical B．literary
C．historical D．psychological
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Joel Breman，a leader in efforts to control smallpox，Ebola，malaria and other infectious diseases，died in Chevy Chase，Maryland，at the age of 87．”可知，布雷曼研究传染病，由此可知，此处指的是在医学期刊上发表文章。故选A项。]
12．A．forced B．encouraged
C．warned D．invited
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“His family regarded him as adventurous and caring．”以及下文的“to go to interesting places and experience new ________”可知，布雷曼的家人认为他非常有冒险精神，由此可推断，此处指的是他鼓励孩子们去体验新事物。故选B项。]
13．A．feelings B．appreciations
C．challenges D．systems
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“His family regarded him as adventurous and caring．”以及“go to interesting places and experience new”可知，布雷曼的家人认为他非常有冒险精神，所以此处指的是鼓励他的孩子们去有趣的地方体验新的“挑战”，符合语境。故选C项。]
14．A．remarkable B．strange
C．awkward D．meaningful
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文的“when he lay in the ICU，he was thinking of other people”可知，在重症监护室还为别人着想，这是值得注意的。故选A项。]
15．A．focused on B．accounted for
C．engaged in D．summed up
√
D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据语境和上文的“In his funeral”以及下文的“Breman's life with‘Healing the world’”可知，在葬礼上，朋友应该是用“治愈世界”来总结布雷曼的一生。故选D项。]
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·广东深圳外国语学校二模)Nowadays，many people turn to the Internet for medical advice when they notice signs of illness．This is understandable as seeing a doctor can be time-consuming and costly unless it's a serious health concern．　1　 Often，the answer is：not really．
Medicine is complex．　2　 For instance，the cause of a cough in a healthy 25-year-old might be different from that in a 65-year-old smoker．Yet，they might find the same search results．People may also not know the exact terms to search for．A search for“bloating (腹胀)”might suggest eating more slowly or avoiding dairy products，which can help if bloating is from too much air，but not so if it's from fluid (液体) build-up．Only after seeing a doctor and undergoing a physical examination would it be identified as“ascites (腹腔积水)”．
　3　 Many articles are written intentionally to make money or promote specific agendas，not to give accurate advice．In fact，only a small part of the health information available online is created with the reader's best interests in mind．
Fortunately，a few strategies can help us find reliable medical information．First，check the author and website．　4　 Government agencies are also trustworthy and offer regularly updated information．
Besides，be careful if a website recommends a specific medication or procedure，especially if it has large ads for that treatment．　5　.
By following these tips，we can improve our chances of finding useful，accurate，and objective health information．
A．So is this trend bound to continue
B．But is online medical advice actually reliable
C．These pages may be created by profit-driven companies．
D．An even bigger issue is the rise of medical misinformation．
E．Online articles often fail to consider each person's unique situation．
F．Unfortunately，it's not always easy to figure out a website's intentions．
G．Reliable sources are usually written by doctors or hosted on trusted sites．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了当前人们倾向于在网上寻求医疗建议的现象，并对此进行了分析和评价。
1．B　[根据前文“Nowadays，many people turn to the Internet for medical advice when they notice signs of illness．This is understandable as seeing a doctor can be time-consuming and costly unless it's a serious health concern．”以及后文“Often，the answer is：not really．”可知，前文提到很多人生病时求助互联网，后文说答案是并非如此，所以空处应是提问是否可靠，B项和上文构成转折关系，下文是对本句的回答，符合文意。故选B项。]
2．E　[根据后文“For instance，the cause of a cough in a healthy 25-year-old might be different from that in a 65-year-old smoker．Yet，they might find the same search results．”可知，此处是举例说明，互联网不会考虑个体因素，E项符合此处主题，后文是对本句的举例。故选E项。]
3．D　[根据后文“Many articles are written intentionally to make money or promote specific agendas，not to give accurate advice．In fact，only a small part of the health information available online is created with the reader's best interests in mind．”可知，本段讲述了网上很多文章都是为了赚钱或推动特定的议程而写的，而不是为了给出准确的建议，由此推知，会有一些错误的信息。D项符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选D项。]
4．G　[根据前文“Fortunately，a few strategies can help us find reliable medical information．First，check the author and website．”可知，此处介绍如何找到可靠信息，首先，查看作者和网站，G项是对可靠作者和网站的具体讲述，符合文意。故选G项。]
5．C　[根据上文“Besides，be careful if a website recommends a specific medication or procedure，especially if it has large ads for that treatment．”可知，这样的网站通常是牟利。C项是对前文情况的总结，符合文意。故选C项。]
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(二十七)　选择性必修第三册　UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2026·山东济南联考)For some of us，going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary．But for many people around the world，especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas，having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn't possible．A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation．
Growing up in the USA，Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master's degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father's home—Balsabo in Brazil—converted his initial plan．“All locals didn't have access to dental care，and consequently，many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth，leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouths open，”Felipe Rossi recalled．“A desire was planted in my heart．That is，to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems．”
With the support of his parents，Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning，fillings，crowns，restoration work and more．His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil．
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies．Individuals may also make donations through the“Smile Solidarity”program，where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute．Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country．
As noble as its objective is，Felipe admits that Porsorriso is“struggling to survive”because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning．“Challenging as it is，it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals．We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face，”Felipe said with a strong will．
1．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A．By posing a contrast．
B．By reporting an event．
C．By assuming a situation．
D．By making an appeal．
2．What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A．The support from his parents．
B．The passion for dental health．
C．The encounter with locals lacking dental care．
D．The professional skills and knowledge from college．
3．Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A．Hopeful and diligent．
B．Faithful and ambitious．
C．Intelligent and creative．
D．Charitable and dedicated．
4．What do we know about Porsorriso
A．It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need．
B．It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority．
C．It is financially supported by corporations and individuals．
D．It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care．
B
(2026·安徽合肥模拟)In the late 19th century，American surgeon William Coley observed that a patient with a neck tumor recovered unexpectedly after contracting a severe bacterial infection．This led him to experiment with injecting killed bacteria into cancer patients，often with success．His idea—that infections could stimulate the immune system to fight cancer—was not widely accepted until the 1950s．Today，it serves as the foundation for developing“cancer vaccines，”designed to train the immune system to recognize and attack tumors．
Cancer arises from genetic mutations (突变)，and the immune system usually identifies abnormal cells through foreign proteins called neoantigens (新抗原)．However，some cancer cells evolve to evade detection，allowing them to spread．Scientists have now discovered that these unique neoantigens can be targeted through vaccines．By sequencing a tumor's DNA，researchers can identify specific neoantigens and use mRNA technology to instruct the body to produce them，thereby triggering an immune response against the cancer．
The rapid development of mRNA vaccines during the pandemic has made this approach feasible within six weeks，though at a high cost．Recent trials have shown promise：Moderna and Merck's mRNA-4157 (v940) vaccine for melanoma reduced the risk of cancer recurrence or death by nearly 50% in phase 2 trials．Researchers believe that combining such vaccines with other immunotherapies (免疫疗法)，like Keytruda，could enhance their effectiveness．Studies on lung，kidney，and pancreatic cancers (胰腺癌) are also underway．
Personalised cancer vaccines are complicated and expensive to make and some important scientific questions have been unanswered．For example，it is unclear why the immune system will overlook a neoantigen if it is produced by a tumor，but will leap into action when it is delivered by vaccine．Therefore，how effective modern vaccine candidates will turn out to be still remains unknown．
Despite those challenges，scientists remain hopeful．Some envision cancer vaccines eventually replacing invasive treatments like chemotherapy or even being used preventatively．While cancer vaccines have long faced setbacks，2025 may mark a turning point in their success．
5．What was the key discovery made by William Coley in the late 19th century
A．He proved that cancer is caused by bacterial infections．
B．He found that infections could activate the immune system against cancer．
C．He developed the first mRNA-based cancer vaccine．
D．He discovered that tumors produce unique proteins called neoantigens．
6．Why are neoantigens crucial for cancer vaccines
A．They help cancer cells evade the immune system．
B．They are common in all types of cancer and require no customization．
C．They can stimulate the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells．
D．They prevent genetic mutations from occurring in healthy cells．
7．What major factor contributed to the recent acceleration in cancer vaccine development
A．Advances in traditional chemotherapy methods．
B．The rapid progress in mRNA vaccine technology．
C．The discovery of a universal cancer antigen．
D．The increased use of antibiotics in cancer treatment．
8．What remains a major challenge in developing cancer vaccines
A．The inability to detect cancer cells through genetic sequencing．
B．The lack of successful clinical trials for mRNA-based treatments．
C．The difficulty in predicting which neoantigens trigger the strongest immune response．
D．The failure of vaccines to work alongside immunotherapy drugs．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·河南周口三模)Joel Breman，a leader in efforts to control smallpox，Ebola，malaria and other infectious diseases，died in Chevy Chase，Maryland，at the age of 87．
Peter Piot，a fellow　1　 investigator，remembers the time when he met Breman．Piot came to Kinshasa in central Africa to investigate a 　2　 new disease．Breman was there 　3　 for the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention．
Piot，Breman and the others spent several months on the 　4　 in central Africa．The disease they were 　5　 turned out to be Ebola，which at the time had a 90% death rate．“It was 　6　 stressful，”said Piot．The team worked day and night，collecting 　7　 from local people．“But Breman always remained 　8　，”added Piot．By the end of the trip，Piot was 　9　 over by Breman's patience and his ability and enthusiasm in his work and life．
In the following years，Breman 　10　 working on several other infectious diseases at the National Vaccine Program Office．Also，he trained scientists，wrote books and published articles in 　11　 journals．
Breman was kind and respectful to others．His family regarded him as adventurous and caring．Breman always　12　 his kids to go to interesting places and experience new 　13　．His daughter said，“It was 　14　 that when he lay in the ICU，he was thinking of other people．”In his funeral (葬礼)，his friend Walter Cohn 　15　 Breman's life with“Healing the world”．
1．A．economy　　　　　　　 B．education
C．disease D．resource
2．A．natural B．deadly
C．common D．different
3．A．working B．waiting
C．searching D．preparing
4．A．way B．ground
C．edge D．air
5．A．carrying B．missing
C．examining D．spreading
6．A．close B．super
C．right D．little
7．A．standard B．advice
C．data D．experience
8．A．puzzled B．safe
C．tired D．calm
9．A．bowled B．handed
C．watched D．passed
10．A．remembered B．admitted
C．finished D．continued
11．A．medical B．literary
C．historical D．psychological
12．A．forced B．encouraged
C．warned D．invited
13．A．feelings B．appreciations
C．challenges D．systems
14．A．remarkable B．strange
C．awkward D．meaningful
15．A．focused on B．accounted for
C．engaged in D．summed up
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·广东深圳外国语学校二模)Nowadays，many people turn to the Internet for medical advice when they notice signs of illness．This is understandable as seeing a doctor can be time-consuming and costly unless it's a serious health concern．　1　 Often，the answer is：not really．
Medicine is complex．　2　 For instance，the cause of a cough in a healthy 25-year-old might be different from that in a 65-year-old smoker．Yet，they might find the same search results．People may also not know the exact terms to search for．A search for“bloating (腹胀)”might suggest eating more slowly or avoiding dairy products，which can help if bloating is from too much air，but not so if it's from fluid (液体) build-up．Only after seeing a doctor and undergoing a physical examination would it be identified as“ascites (腹腔积水)”．
　3　 Many articles are written intentionally to make money or promote specific agendas，not to give accurate advice．In fact，only a small part of the health information available online is created with the reader's best interests in mind．
Fortunately，a few strategies can help us find reliable medical information．First，check the author and website．　4　 Government agencies are also trustworthy and offer regularly updated information．
Besides，be careful if a website recommends a specific medication or procedure，especially if it has large ads for that treatment．　5　
By following these tips，we can improve our chances of finding useful，accurate，and objective health information．
A．So is this trend bound to continue
B．But is online medical advice actually reliable
C．These pages may be created by profit-driven companies．
D．An even bigger issue is the rise of medical misinformation．
E．Online articles often fail to consider each person's unique situation．
F．Unfortunately，it's not always easy to figure out a website's intentions．
G．Reliable sources are usually written by doctors or hosted on trusted sites．
题型组合练(二十七)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西牙医Felipe Rossi创建了非政府组织Porsorriso，致力于为贫困地区的低收入人群提供免费的口腔治疗服务。
1．A　[推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章开头通过对比一些人定期去牙医处进行常规检查，而世界上很多人尤其是贫困地区的人们无法进行牙科治疗和牙齿检查的情况，引出了文章的主题，即巴西牙医Felipe Rossi致力于帮助改变这种情况。因此，作者通过提出对比来引入文章的主题。故选A。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Felipe Rossi在巴西的Balsabo地区看到当地人没有机会接受牙科治疗，因此很多人牙齿变形或甚至失去牙齿，这激发了他提供牙科治疗的决心；由此可知，是当地人缺乏牙科护理的遭遇促使Felipe为巴西人提供牙科治疗。故选C。]
3．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Felipe Rossi想要利用自己的技能为遭受牙科问题的人们带来健康的笑容，这表明他具有慈善精神。在最后一段中，他承认Porsorriso的生存很困难，但他们将继续进行这项具有改变性的举动，无论他们将面临什么困难，这表明他具有奉献精神。故选D。]
4．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，Porsorriso是由企业和个人提供经济支持。故选C。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章追溯了从19世纪威廉·科利的发现到现代mRNA癌症疫苗的发展历程，阐述了新抗原的关键作用及当前挑战，并展望了该技术的治疗前景。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the late 19th century，American surgeon William Coley observed that a patient with a neck tumor recovered unexpectedly after contracting a severe bacterial infection...that infections could stimulate the immune system to fight cancer—was not widely accepted until the 1950s．”可知，威廉·科利发现感染可能激活免疫系统对抗癌症，这一发现非常关键。故选B项。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“By sequencing a tumor's DNA，researchers can identify specific neoantigens and use mRNA technology to instruct the body to produce them，thereby triggering an immune response against the cancer．”可知，新抗原可以刺激免疫系统识别并摧毁癌细胞，因此对癌症疫苗非常重要。故选C项。]
7．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The rapid development of mRNA vaccines during the pandemic has made this approach feasible within six weeks，though at a high cost．”可知，近期癌症疫苗研发的加速主要得益于mRNA技术的快速发展。故选B项。]
8．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“For example，it is unclear why the immune system will overlook a neoantigen if it is produced by a tumor...how effective modern vaccine candidates will turn out to be still remains unknown．”可知，很难预测哪种新抗原能引发最强的免疫反应，是当前研发的主要难题。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．1．C　2．B　3．A　4．B　5．C　6．B　7．C　8．D　9．A　10．D
11．A　12．B　13．C　14．A　15．D
Ⅲ．1．B　2．E　3．D　4．G　5．C
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