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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级下册英语期末素养提升培优卷仁爱科普版（新教材）
注意事项：
本试卷满分120分；考试时间100分钟。
2．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
3．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
5．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
Ⅰ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．Many students hope to ________ a good university to further develop their skills.
A．build B．enter C．leave D．take
2．Maria wants to keep her diary in a ________ drawer so that nobody else can read it.
A．huge B．private C．pleasant D．heavy
3．My sister Kate will run away ________ she sees the scary dog.
A．until B．although C．so that D．as soon as
4．Foreign people ________ the Chinese the Tang people.
A．call B．called C．calling D．to call
5．Tom writes ________ than the other students in his class.
A．careful B．carefully C．more carefully D．most carefully
6．You can’t ________ the strong sense of pride of our country unless you watch the raising of the national flag yourself at Tian’anmen Square.
A．invent B．imagine C．include D．invite
7．My cousin enjoyed it so much that he ________ two more pancakes.
A．rolls B．rolled C．rolling D．roll
8．Learning good ________ skills can help us get along well with others.
A．communication B．competition C．information D．celebration
9．—Thank you for sharing your favorite book with me.
—________
A．That’s a good idea. B．You’re welcome. C．Sure. D．I’m sorry.
10．No matter what happens, I hope you can tell me the ________ instead of keeping it a secret.
A．record B．truth C．reason D．result
11．This school trip named History and Future is really ________ as well as fun.
A．boring B．meaningless C．educational D．personal
12．—The flu is so serious now. It is sure to be ________ to our health.
—Yes, I wonder when we needn’t worry about it any more.
A．harmful B．shocked C．normal D．kind
13．—Shall we go on a picnic tomorrow
—It ________. If it is fine, we can go.
A．limits B．allows C．depends D．causes
14．To live a green life means that we should save ________ energy and produce ________ pollution.
A．less; less B．more; fewer C．more; less D．less; fewer
15．Harry chooses a nice cup as the birthday gift for Jim. But he is not sure ________ his friend will like it or not.
A．whether B．if C．that D．how
Ⅱ. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Two years ago, I got a job in a Chinese-Canadian company in Vancouver. One day, my new boss said he would invite me to lunch to 16 my new job in a Chinese restaurant. “A Chinese restaurant Chopsticks Oh, no! Will I make a mistake ” I thought.
That evening, I cooked noodles and spent two whole hours trying to learn how to use chopsticks. I tried hard, but I didn’t 17 . I called my pen friend and asked her to explain 18 how to use chopsticks. She patiently explained the right way of 19 them between the thumb (拇指), index and middle fingers. “Louise, it’s not that 20 ,” she said. “That’s easy for you to say,” I replied. “You’ve been eating with chopsticks all your life. It’s 21 for you!”
I didn’t sleep well that night. The next day, when my boss took two co-workers and me to the restaurant, he spoke to the server in Chinese. My heart was beating fast, but then I 22 something strange. Instead of chopsticks, we all had knives, forks and spoons. I didn’t understand at first, but then it touched me. My boss knew that I would have 23 with chopsticks. To save me from embarrassment, he had arranged for us to be served with knives, forks and spoons. I couldn’t believe how 24 he was.
Now, we often go out for lunch. After a lot of 25 , I’ve mastered how to use chopsticks. And it isn’t really that difficult once you get used to it.
16．A．get B．celebrate C．check D．touch
17．A．succeed B．appear C．change D．finish
18．A．quietly B．loudly C．exactly D．terribly
19．A．making B．washing C．pulling D．holding
20．A．interesting B．hard C．wonderful D．relaxing
21．A．natural B．important C．early D．tiring
22．A．remembered B．noticed C．beat D．left
23．A．trouble B．advice C．time D．luck
24．A．rich B．common C．strange D．careful
25．A．arrival B．rubbish C．practice D．humor
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
In life, there are accepted rules that everybody follows. For example, you shouldn’t eat with your mouth open. In the UK, people should drive on the left and wait in line in public places. However, the rules aren’t clear online and it can be hard to know how to behave. Safer Internet Day helps people think about these matters.
When it comes to being safe online, you probably know the basic rule: don’t give personal information to somebody you don’t know. But now it’s also about whether you’re able to do the things you love without feeling worried. A study shows that 43% of the girls don’t share their opinions online because they fear someone may criticize them. In another study, around 51% of the respondents (调查对象) were worried about how others reacted (回应) to their online opinions. Here is some advice for you if you are bullied (欺凌) online.
The first thing to do is to tell an adult you trust about what’s happening. Besides, if the person who bullied you has been unkind or posts something that makes you feel afraid, you can report it to the official on social media. Don’t react with unkindness. It can make things worse, so try to stay calm. At the same time, how you act online is just as important as how others treat you. So there are some unwritten rules for us to be good people online. Treat everybody with kindness online, respect others’ feelings and don’t be mean. If you’ve shared something you shouldn’t have, it’s never too late to say sorry and fix the situation. If you notice somebody is being bullied online, consider reporting it and getting in touch with the person being treated badly to make sure he or she is OK.
26．What can we know about online rules
A．They are accepted by everyone. B．They can protect people from danger.
C．There are no clear online rules yet. D．They are the same all over the world.
27．What does the underlined word “criticize” probably mean
A．Know better about someone. B．Win someone’s praise on purpose.
C．Hurt someone with unkind words. D．Compare one person’s work with someone else’s.
28．How does the writer tell us about being a good person online
A．By answering questions. B．By giving advice.
C．By listing numbers. D．By showing us facts.
29．Which of the following would the writer probably agree
A．Teenagers should stay away from the unkind people.
B．Teenagers should tell a strong adult what’s happening.
C．Teenagers should hide their ideas and keep silent online.
D．Teenagers should be responsible for their words and actions online.
30．What is the best title for the text
A．Why People Need Rules Online B．Why People Celebrate Safer Internet Day
C．How Teenagers Deal with Bullying Online D．How Teenagers Behave and Keep Safe Online
B
At 9:29 a.m. on May 24th, 2025, great news came from Mount Qomolangma: Chinese female mountaineer (女性登山家) Sun Ning, a Henan-born artist and climber, reached the world’s highest peak from the north side. It was a time to remember and celebrate.
Sun Ning first dreamt of climbing Mount Qomolangma in her high school geography class after seeing its picture. In 2012, during her trip, she stood with Mount Qomolangma behind her and wrote on Weibo, “One day, I will reach the top, no matter how long it takes — five years, ten, or even longer.”That moment marked the beginning of her 13-year mountaineering journey.
In May 2019, Sun Ning made her first try, reaching the top of Mount Qomolangma from its south. In 2021, she made her first try from its north, but she failed. In 2023, she successfully got to the top again from the south. On May 24th, 2025, she finished the north-side climb, becoming the first climber from Henan to get to the top of Mount Qomolangma from both the north and south sides. With a total of three successful climbs, she set a new record in Henan’s mountaineering history.
As an artist, Sun Ning also created art on her journeys. In 2023, Sun Ning created artworks at altitudes （海拔) of 8,000 metres and 6,200 metres while climbing. She said, “Mountains teach me respect, and art allows me to express myself.”
When people asked about her plans, Sun Ning smiled and said, “Next, I will try more adventures (冒险). But no matter what, I will keep exploring the world with my feet and experiencing life with my heart.”This girl is shining brightly in new heights of life as a climber and an artist.
31．Why does the writer mention the exact time “9:29 a.m. on May 24th, 2025”
A．To introduce Sun Ning’s routine. B．To show the difficulties of climbing.
C．To compare with other climbing times. D．To show the importance of the moment.
32．What made Sun Ning have the dream of climbing Mount Qomolangma
A．Her teacher’s story. B．Her trip experience.
C．A picture of Mount Qomolangma. D．The encouragement of her teacher.
33．How many times did Sun Ning reach the top of Mount Qomolangma by 2025
A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times.
34．Which of the following best describes Sun Ning
A．She prefers climbing to creating art.
B．She doesn’t like to follow others’ plans.
C．She won’t climb Mount Qomolangma again.
D．She always keeps trying and loves challenges.
35．What is the passage mainly about
A．Tips for climbing Mount Qomolangma
B．Sun Ning’s journey towards her dream.
C．How to successfully paint while climbing mountains.
D．The development of mountaineering in Henan Province.
C
“Are you happy with your size now ” asked the Caterpillar.
“I would be happier if I could be a bit larger,” said Alice. “Three inches is a terrible height for a child.”
This made the Caterpillar angry. “It is a good height!” It was three inches high.
“But I don’t like it,” Alice answered sadly. “You get happy so easily.”
“You’ll get used to it soon,” the Caterpillar said. Alice waited for it to speak again. Before it did, it yawned (打哈欠) and shook its body. Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away. It went on, “One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.”
“One side of what The other side of what ” Alice thought.
“Of the mushroom,” said the Caterpillar just as if Alice had asked the question aloud. In another minute, it was out of sight.
Alice stayed there by herself and looked at the mushroom for a minute. She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round.
At last Alice broke off a bit with each hand. “Which is which ” She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom. And then she had another piece in her left hand from the left side of the mushroom. She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! That made her so afraid that she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees in the woods!
36．How did Alice feel about her height when she was talking to the Caterpillar
A．She thought she would get used to it. B．She wanted to be a little shorter.
C．She wished she could be a bit taller. D．She found it was nice for a child.
37．What does the underlined word “it” stand for in this story
A．Alice’s size. B．the Caterpillar’s body
C．the mushroom. D．the Caterpillar’s anger
38．Imagine facing the mushroom as Alice did, which side of the mushroom made Alice smaller (图中①②为左右两侧，③为顶部，④为底部)
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
39．Which is the right order of the story
①Alice tasted a piece from the left side of the mushroom.
②The Caterpillar got down from the mushroom and started moving away.
③Alice didn’t know which side of the mushroom to taste.
④Alice tasted a piece from the right side of the mushroom.
⑤The Caterpillar told Alice how to grow shorter or taller.
A．②③⑤①④ B．⑤②③①④ C．⑤③②④① D．②⑤③④①
40．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Alice figured out how the mushroom worked.
B．The mushroom, which was deadly, took Alice’s life.
C．Alice enjoyed the mushroom quite a lot.
D．Alice tasted the mushroom but nothing happened.
D
Tom was a hard-working middle school student who always put his study first. He spent almost all his time sitting at his desk doing homework and reviewing lessons, never playing outdoor games or going out with his friends to have fun. He firmly thought that relaxation was a waste of precious time, and only studying hard could help him get good grades and make his parents proud.
One day, Tom suddenly felt very tired and weak. He couldn’t focus on his homework no matter how hard he tried, and he even had a terrible headache that lasted for a whole afternoon. His mother was very worried about him and immediately took him to see a doctor. The doctor examined Tom carefully and said that he was too stressed because of long-term overwork, and he really needed to relax properly. The doctor advised Tom to take more breaks every day and do something he enjoyed to reduce his pressure.
Tom followed the doctor’s advice strictly. He started to go for a walk with his parents after dinner every day, enjoying the cool evening air and chatting with them about his school life. On weekends, he also played basketball with his classmates in the school playground. At first, Tom felt “guilty” because he thought he was wasting time that could be used for studying. But soon, he found that he felt much better—his headache was gone, and he could focus on his study more easily than before. A month later, Tom got excellent grades in his mid-term exams. He finally realized that relaxation wasn’t a waste of time at all; it helped him study better and stay healthy. Now, Tom knows how to balance study and relaxation, and he becomes happier and more energetic than before.
41．Why did Tom go to see a doctor
A．Because he had a cold. B．Because he had a headache.
C．Because he couldn’t sleep. D．Because he was hungry.
42．What is the correct order of the following events in Tom’s story
① Tom felt tired, weak and had a terrible headache.
② Tom realized relaxation helped him study better and stay healthy.
③ Tom followed the doctor’s advice and took regular breaks.
④ Tom went to see a doctor with his mother.
A．①→③→④→② B．①→④→③→②
C．②→①→③→④ D．④→①→③→②
43．What does the underlined word “guilty” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．feel excited after you win B．feel bad because you did something wrong
C．feel relaxed after reducing stress D．feel confident because you did something right
44．According to the passage, which of the following statements are true
A．Tom never got good grades even though he studied very hard.
B．Tom’s mother was angry with him because he couldn’t focus on his homework.
C．The doctor asked Tom to take medicine every day to reduce his pressure.
D．Tom’s study efficiency (效率) improved after he started to relax properly.
45．What can we infer from the passage
A．Tom’s grades would get worse if he continued relaxing every day.
B．Middle school students should spend all their time studying to get good grades.
C．Proper relaxation is helpful for both students’ health and study performance.
D．Playing basketball with classmates is the best way to reduce study pressure.
第二节 短文还原。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What to Do When a Friend Asks for Advice
“What do you think I should do ” your friend asks, sitting beside you and waiting for an answer. This is not an easy situation. If you say something your friend disagrees with or something unhelpful, you might feel that you have let her down.
It’s natural to want to give a solution when someone comes to you with a problem. It’s also easy to just say, “Everything will be OK.” 46 But we often say that just because we feel we need to say something. We are happy that our friend came to us for help, even if we don’t really think we can help. 47 The answer is yes, but we should do it in the right way.
In fact, friends often just want someone to listen. Try to find out whether they are really asking for advice, or just want to talk about what is on their mind. 48 After listening, you can ask, “Would you like me to give you some advice ”
It is also important to be honest. If you can’t think of a way to solve your friend’s problem, just say so. Your friend will not be upset. You can still listen carefully and try to put yourself in her shoes. 49 You can ask yourself “What would I do if I were in that situation ” Later you can go back to your friend with some helpful ideas.
50 It is hard to listen to your friend repeat the same thing, but you cannot help. However, your friend will be thankful if you just let her “talk it out”. Just being there for her may be all you need to do.
A．Friendship is the most important thing to us.
B．This is not really helpful to your friend.
C．So is it always a good idea to give advice
D．You can ask another friend for his or her ideas.
E．Sometimes a problem does not go away quickly.
F．Sometimes talking alone can make people feel better.
G．Then you can go away and try to think of something helpful.
Ⅳ. 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个填入空白处，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。一空一句。
(Lily and Cindy are talking about their favorite story, Cinderella. L= Lily, C= Cindy)
L: Cindy, do you like the story of Cinderella
C: Yes, I like it very much.
L: 51
C: She is so beautiful and very kind to others. I like her very much.
L: I like her, too. 52
C: She is too bad. She doesn’t like Cinderella and asks her to do all the housework.
L: 53 She is really bad and her two daughters are as bad as her.
C: Yes. They don’t like Cinderella. They ask Cinderella to help them make dresses and cut Cinderella’s dress up with scissors.
L: 54
C: What is it
L: 55 I don’t know why so many girls can’t wear the lost crystal (水晶) shoe.
C: Don’t be too serious. It’s just a fairy tale.
A．It sounds great.
B．I agree with you.
C．It’s about the crystal shoe.
D．What about her stepmother
E．What do you think of Cinderella
F．But I have a question about the story.
G．What do you think of her stepsisters
V. 任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面的小题。
Collecting History on Fridge Doors
Can fridge magnets hold 10,000 years of history Maybe someone can make it come true. Mei Qian became famous online because she collected the “10,000 Years of Huaxia” fridge magnet series.
Each magnet shows a relic (文物) from a different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). “At first, I just bought magnets as souvenirs,” Mei said. “After an exhibition, I had a new idea and I decided to collect magnets for every dynasty.”
Mei started to place them in historical order and wrote names and dates for each one. She made sure everything was correct and tried to make them look beautiful. “Each magnet became a small door into the past,” she said.
Mei didn’t stop at collecting—she also started making her own. Her favourite fridge magnet is a small version of a lacquer screen (漆器屏风) from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534）. The magnet is 9.8 cm tall and looks like a little piece of art. “I painted it by hand on wood,” Mei said. “I looked at real museum lights and official photos to get the right color.” Mei even asked people online, “Which version do you like better, the glassy or the matte (哑光的) ” She felt like being a real artist.
“Fridge magnets are small, fun and easy to understand. You can see a piece of history every time you get a snack from the fridge,” Mei joked. “You don’t need to read a long book—just one picture can make you curious.”
To middle schoolers, Mei shares her advice, “Start with what you love—dragons, pottery, paintings... Piece by piece, your collection becomes a story.”
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
56．What did Mei Qian collect
57．How many dynasties are covered in her collection
58．What is Mei’s favourite magnet
59．How did Mei make her favourite magnet
60．Would you like to collect fridge magnets Why (At least two reasons. )
Ⅵ. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示, 在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
There is a saying that “Earthquakes don’t kill people, buildings do.” It seems sadly true. Is there a way to build earthquake-proof buildings Engineers have some life-saving 61 (idea).
“Lift (抬起)” the house up
To stop earthquake waves 62 going through the building, one way is to “lift” the building above the ground, according to the company BigRenz in the US. The building can be built on top of pads (垫状物), which are 63 (usual) made of steel (钢) and rubber. During earthquakes, only the pads move and the building stays nearly 64 same.This can reduce the 65 (earthquake) intensity (强度) by 13 to 15 percent.
Right materials
Earthquake-proof materials must be easy to change their shapes without 66 (break). Some of these materials include steel, wood and bamboo. In Japan, most traditional houses are built with wood 67 it’s safer when an earthquake comes.
A strong shape
Triangles (三角形) are very strong shapes. When a force comes to one of the sides of the triangles, it will be weaker and less 68 (harm). During the earthquake, triangles can hold the building together when it 69 (shake). Many earthquake-proof buildings use this shape in their design, both inside and outside.
Engineers are now trying their 70 (good) to keep buildings standing stronger, and we highly expect their creative designs.
Ⅶ. 书面表达（满分15分）
71．假如你是李华，你的外国笔友Tom将要来中国学习。他给你发来一封电子邮件，想了解一些在中国学校里的基本礼仪。请你根据以下要点提示，用英语给他回一封电子邮件。
提示：
During class √ Listen carefully.
At school √ Get along well with the teachers.
Waiting time × Cut in line.
In public places × Speak loudly.
注意：
1. 短文须包含提示中的所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数80~100（开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：许多学生希望进入一所好大学来进一步发展他们的技能。
build建造；enter进入；leave离开；take拿、取。根据“a good university to further develop their skills”可知，学生是希望进入大学深造，“enter”符合语境。
2．B
【解析】句意：Maria想把她的日记放在一个私密的抽屉里，以便别人无法看到它。
huge巨大的；private私密的；pleasant令人愉快的；heavy重的。根据“so that nobody else can read it”可知，为了不让别人看到，日记应放在私密的抽屉里。故选B。
3．D
【解析】句意：我姐姐凯特一看到那只可怕的狗就会跑开。
until直到；although虽然；so that以便；as soon as一……就。根据题干“will run away”与“she sees the scary dog”可知，两个动作几乎同时发生，应用as soon as引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”，时态遵循主将从现，应填as soon as。
4．A
【解析】句意：外国人称中国人为唐人。
call称呼；called称呼（过去式）；calling称呼（现在分词）；to call称呼（动词不定式）。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“Foreign people”为复数，谓语动词用原形。应填call。
5．C
【解析】句意：汤姆比班上其他学生写得更认真。
空处修饰动词writes应用副词；根据than可知该句为比较级，应填more carefully。
6．B
【解析】句意：除非你亲自在天安门广场观看升旗仪式，否则你无法想象我们国家那种强烈的自豪感。
invent发明；imagine想象；include包括；invite邀请。根据句意“unless you watch the raising of national flag yourself at Tian’anmen Square”可知，此处表示不亲临现场就无法“想象”那种强烈的自豪感，应填imagine。
7．B
【解析】句意：我的表弟非常喜欢它，以至于他又卷了两个煎饼。
根据前半句“My cousin enjoyed it so much”中的谓语动词“enjoyed”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，that引导的从句谓语动词也应用过去式保持时态一致。应填rolled。
8．A
【解析】句意：学习良好的沟通技巧能帮助我们与他人友好相处。
communication沟通；competition竞争；information信息；celebration庆祝。根据“get along well with others”，好的沟通技巧有助于和他人友好相处，应填communication。
9．B
【解析】句意：——谢谢你和我分享你最喜欢的书。——不客气。
“That’s a good idea.”意为“那是个好主意”，通常用于回应提出的建议；“You’re welcome.”意为“不客气”，是对感谢的常用回应，符合这里的场景；“Sure.”意为“当然”，一般用于表示同意或答应做某事，不用于回应感谢；“I’m sorry.”意为“对不起”，用于表达歉意，也不适合回应感谢。根据“Thank you for...”可知对方表达感谢，答语应表示“不客气”。只有B项符合回应感谢的语境。
10．B
【解析】句意：无论发生什么，我希望你能告诉我真相而不是保守秘密。
record记录；truth真相；reason原因；result结果。根据“instead of keeping it a secret”可知，不要隐瞒，而是要说出实情，tell sb. the truth为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人真相”。
11．C
【解析】句意：这次名为“历史与未来”的学校旅行真的既有教育意义又有趣。
boring无聊的；meaningless无意义的；educational有教育意义的；personal个人的。根据“school trip”及“History and Future”可知旅行具有学习性质，且“as well as fun”表示并列关系，应选褒义词，推测出是有教育意义的。
12．A
【解析】句意：——现在流感很严重。它肯定会对我们的健康有害。——是的，我想知道我们什么时候不用再为此担心了。
harmful有害的；shocked震惊的；normal正常的；kind和蔼的。根据答句“I wonder when we needn’t worry about it any more.”可知，前句强调流感对健康“有害”，应填harmful。
13．C
【解析】句意：——我们明天去野餐好吗？——视情况而定。如果天气好，我们可以去。
limits限制；allows允许；depends取决于；causes导致。根据答语后句“If it is fine, we can go.”可知，去不去野餐要看天气情况，即“视情况而定”，固定用法“It depends.”。
14．C
【解析】句意：为了过上绿色生活，意味着我们应该节约更多能源并且产生更少污染。
more更多的；less更少的；fewer更少的。根据“To live a green life”可知，绿色生活要求我们节约“更多”能源，产生“更少”污染。“energy”和“pollution”均为不可数名词，修饰“pollution”表示“更少”应用less，不能用fewer，应填more；less。
15．A
【解析】句意：哈里选了一个漂亮的杯子作为吉姆的生日礼物。但他不确定他的朋友是否喜欢它。
whether是否；if如果/是否；that无实义；how如何。根据句末的“or not”可知，此处常用whether与之搭配构成“whether... or not”结构，表示“是否”。应填whether。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C
【导语】本文讲述作者刚在加拿大一家中加公司入职，老板提议去中餐馆吃饭庆祝新工作，作者因不会用筷子紧张练习，最后发现老板贴心准备了刀叉，后续经过练习慢慢学会使用筷子的暖心小故事。
【解析】16．句意：某天我的新老板说要请我吃午饭，在一家中餐馆庆祝我的新工作。
根据上文got a job找到新工作，celebrate庆祝符合语境，get得到、check检查、touch触碰均不符合。
17．句意：我很努力，但没能成功。
succeed成功，贴合苦练却没学会筷子的语境，appear出现、change改变、finish完成均不符。
18．句意：我打电话给笔友，请她准确讲解如何使用筷子。
exactly准确地，用来修饰explain，quietly安静地、loudly大声地、terribly糟糕地均不合适。
19．句意：她耐心讲解了把筷子握在拇指、食指和中指间的正确方式。
holding握住、拿着，符合握筷子动作，making制作、washing清洗、pulling拉扯均不符。
20．句意：Louise，它没那么难。
根据后文作者反驳“你从小用筷子吃饭”，hard困难的符合语境，interesting有趣的、wonderful极好的、relaxing放松的均不符。
21．句意：这对你来说是自然而然的事！
natural自然的，指代从小使用筷子已成习惯，important重要的、early早的、tiring累人的均不符。
22．句意：我的心跳得很快，但随后我注意到一件奇怪的事。
noticed注意到，后文讲没有筷子而是刀叉，是观察发现的事情，remembered记得、beat击打、left离开均不符。
23．句意：老板知道我用筷子会遇到麻烦。
固定搭配have trouble with…在……方面有困难，trouble麻烦，advice建议、time时间、luck运气均不符。
24．句意：我不敢相信他如此体贴细心。
careful贴心细心的，对应老板为避免作者尴尬提前准备刀叉，rich富有的、common普通的、strange奇怪的均不符。
25．句意：经过大量练习，我已经熟练掌握使用筷子了。
根据后半句“I’ve mastered how to use chopsticks我已经学会用筷子”，学好技能需要大量练习，practice表示练习，arrival到达、rubbish垃圾、humor幽默均不符合语境。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了网络行为与网络安全的话题。
【解析】26．文章第一段明确提到However, the rules aren’t clear online and it can be hard to know how to behave.，直接说明目前网络上还没有清晰统一的规则。
27．文中提到43%的女孩不愿在网上分享观点，是因为害怕被criticize。结合上下文语境，这种恐惧是负面的，选项C用不友善的语言伤害某人最符合批评或指责的含义。
28．文章第三段开头提到Here is some advice for you if you are bullied online.，并随后给出了多条如何在网络中保护自己、友善待人的建议，因此作者是通过给出建议的方式来展开论述的。
29．文章第三段提到how you act online is just as important as how others treat you，并建议Treat everybody with kindness online... If you’ve shared something you shouldn’t have, it’s never too late to say sorry and fix the situation.，这说明作者认为青少年应该为自己在网络上的言行负责。
30．文章既讨论了如何在网络中保持安全，也阐述了如何做一个友善的网民，因此青少年如何在网络中行为得体并保持安全最能概括全文主旨。
31．D 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文讲述了河南籍女性登山家孙宁攀登珠穆朗玛峰的经历，展现了她的追梦之路与挑战精神。
【解析】31．根据第一段“At 9:29 a.m. on May 24th, 2025, great news came from Mount Qomolangma…reached the world’s highest peak from the north side. It was a time to remember and celebrate.”可知，作者提及具体时间是为了强调这个历史性时刻的重要性。
32．根据第二段“Sun Ning first dreamt of climbing Mount Qomolangma in her high school geography class after seeing its picture.”可知，孙宁的登山梦想源于一张珠穆朗玛峰的照片。
33．根据第三段“With a total of three successful climbs, she set a new record in Henan’s mountaineering history.”可知，截至2025年，她共三次登顶珠峰。
34．根据第五段孙宁的登山经历、艺术创作以及她所说的“Next, I will try more adventures. But no matter what, I will keep exploring the world with my feet and experiencing life with my heart.”可知，她总是勇于尝试、热爱挑战。
35．本文主要讲述了孙宁为实现攀登珠峰的梦想而不懈努力的历程，对应全文的叙事主线。
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文讲述了爱丽丝与毛毛虫对话后，通过尝试蘑菇的两侧来改变自己身高的故事。
【解析】36．第一段爱丽丝说：“I would be happier if I could be a bit larger”，说明她希望自己再高一点。
37．第三段中“it”所在句为：“It is a good height!”，结合前文毛毛虫对爱丽丝身高的回应，这里的“it”指代爱丽丝的身高（three inches），因此“it”指代“Alice’s size”。
38．最后一段“She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! ”，爱丽丝先尝了右手的蘑菇（来自右侧），结果她变小了，因此使爱丽丝变小的是右侧（②）
39．故事顺序为：第二段毛毛虫从蘑菇上下来动身离开：“Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away.”（②）；随后它告诉爱丽丝蘑菇两侧的作用：“One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.”（⑤）；毛毛虫离开后，爱丽丝分不清蘑菇的两侧：“She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round.”（③）；接着她先尝了右侧的蘑菇：“She tasted the small piece from the right hand...she was getting smaller!”（④）；然后立刻尝了左侧的蘑菇：“she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees”（①），因此顺序为②⑤③④①，对应D项。
40．最后一段爱丽丝通过尝试蘑菇的两侧成功改变了身高，说明她弄清楚了蘑菇的作用。
41．B 42．B 43．B 44．D 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中学生Tom因过度学习导致身体不适，在听从医生建议后学会平衡学习与休息，最终不仅恢复健康，还提升了学习成绩的故事。
【解析】41．第二段“he even had a terrible headache that lasted for a whole afternoon. His mother was very worried about him and immediately took him to see a doctor.”，说明Tom去看医生是因为头痛。
42．文章顺序：第二段“Tom suddenly felt very tired and weak”，Tom感到疲惫、虚弱且头痛，对应①；第二段“His mother was very worried about him and immediately took him to see a doctor.”，妈妈带他去看医生对应④；第三段“Tom followed the doctor’s advice strictly”，Tom听从医生建议，开始休息，对应③；第三段“He finally realized that relaxation wasn’t a waste of time at all; it helped him study better and stay healthy.”，Tom意识到放松有助于学习和健康，对应②，所以顺序为：①→④→③→②。
43．根据第三段“Tom felt ‘guilty’ because he thought he was wasting time that could be used for studying.”可知，Tom原本认为放松是浪费学习时间，因此休闲时他会因觉得自己做了错事而感到内疚（心情愧疚），B选项符合词义。
44．根据第三段“he could focus on his study more easily than before. A month later, Tom got excellent grades...” 可知，休息后他的专注力提高了，成绩也变好了，说明学习效率（efficiency）提升了。
45．文章最后一句总结道：“relaxation wasn’t a waste of time at all; it helped him study better and stay healthy.” 这直接支持了选项C的观点：适当的放松对学生的健康和学习表现都有帮助。
46．B 47．C 48．F 49．G 50．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了当朋友向你寻求建议时，如何正确地回应。文章建议不要急于给出解决方案，而应先倾听，判断朋友是否真的需要建议，并强调了诚实的重要性以及有时候仅仅是陪伴倾听就能起到很大作用。
【解析】46．上文提到“It’s also easy to just say, ‘Everything will be OK.’”，下文紧接着用But转折说“...we often say that just because we feel we need to say something.”。空格处应承接上文，对“Everything will be OK.”这句话进行评价。选项B“This is not really helpful to your friend.”符合语境，且能引出下文的转折。
47．上文提到即使我们帮不上忙，也很高兴朋友来求助。下文紧接着回答“The answer is yes, but we should do it in the right way.”。这就暗示空格处应该提出了一个一般疑问句。选项C“So is it always a good idea to give advice ”正好对应下文的回答，符合语境。
48．上文提到“Try to find out whether they are really asking for advice, or just want to talk about what is on their mind.”。下文说“After listening, you can ask...”。这说明朋友可能只是想倾诉，而倾诉本身就有帮助。选项F“Sometimes talking alone can make people feel better.”符合语境，承接了上文的“talk about what is on their mind”。
49．上文提到“You can still listen carefully and try to put yourself in her shoes.”。下文说“You can ask yourself ‘What would I do if I were in that situation ’”。空格处应是承接“设身处地”这一动作的后续步骤。选项G“Then you can go away and try to think of something helpful.”符合逻辑顺序，先倾听和换位思考，然后去思考解决办法。
50．本段主要讲的是有时候倾听就足够了。下文提到“It is hard to listen to your friend repeat the same thing, but you cannot help.”。这说明问题可能短时间内解决不了。选项E“Sometimes a problem does not go away quickly.”符合语境，引出了下文关于耐心倾听的讨论。
51．E 52．D 53．B 54．F 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇情景对话，围绕《灰姑娘》故事展开，两人依次评价主角、继母、继姐，最后就水晶鞋情节提出疑问。
【解析】51．根据“She is so beautiful and very kind to others.（她长相十分漂亮，而且待人十分友善。)”可知此处询问对灰姑娘的看法，选项E“What do you think of Cinderella （你觉得灰姑娘怎么样？）”符合语境。
52．根据“She is too bad. She doesn’t like Cinderella and asks her to do all the housework.(她心肠很坏。她不喜欢灰姑娘，还逼着灰姑娘做全部的家务活。)”及“She is really bad and her two daughters are as bad as her.（她实在很坏，她的两个女儿和她一样坏。)”可知此处是询问对继母的看法，选项D“What about her stepmother （她的继母呢？）”符合语境。
53．根据“She is really bad and her two daughters are as bad as her.（她心肠十分歹毒，她的两个女儿和她一样坏。）”可知此处是同意对方的观点，选项B“I agree with you.（我同意你的看法。）”符合语境。
54．根据“What is it （它是什么？)”以及“I don’t know why so many girls can’t wear the lost crystal shoe.（我不明白为什么那么多女孩都穿不上那只丢失的水晶鞋。）”可知此处是对这个故事的问题，选项F“But I have a question about the story.（但我对这个故事有个问题。）”符合语境。
55．根据“I don’t know why so many girls can’t wear the lost crystal shoe.（我不明白为什么那么多女孩都穿不上那只丢失的水晶鞋。）”可知这个问题和水晶鞋有关，选项C“It’s about the crystal shoe.（是关于水晶鞋的。）”符合语境。
56．She collected the “10,000 Years of Huaxia” fridge magnet series. 57．Every dynasty from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty. 58．A small version of a lacquer screen from the Northern Wei Dynasty. 59．By painting by hand on wood. 60．Yes. Because they are mini history lessons that make learning fun. Creating fridge magnets can develop artistic skills too. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了梅倩通过收集和制作“华夏万年”系列冰箱贴来记录历史的故事，以及她对冰箱贴收藏意义的看法和给中学生的建议。
【解析】56．文章第1段“Mei Qian became famous online because she collected the ‘10,000 Years of Huaxia’ fridge magnet series.”：梅倩收集的是“华夏万年”冰箱贴系列。
57．文章第2段“Each magnet shows a relic from a different Chinese dynasty, from the Stone Age to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).”：她的收藏涵盖了从石器时代到清朝的每一个朝代。
58．文章第4段“Her favourite fridge magnet is a small version of a lacquer screen from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534).”：她最喜欢的冰箱贴是北魏漆器屏风的小型版本。
59．文章第4段“‘I painted it by hand on wood,’ Mei said.”：她是在木板上手绘制作的。
60．本题为开放性问题，需结合短文内容及自身想法作答，至少给出两个理由。
61．ideas 62．from 63．usually 64．the 65．earthquake’s 66．breaking 67．because 68．harmful 69．shakes 70．best
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了工程师们设计抗震建筑的三种方法：垫高建筑、选用合适材料、利用稳固的三角形结构，同时表达了人们对未来创新抗震设计的期待。
【解析】61．句意：工程师们有一些救命的办法。some后接可数名词复数形式，idea为可数名词，因此此处应用其复数形式ideas。
62．句意：为了阻止地震波穿过建筑物，美国BigRenz公司的一种方法是将建筑物抬离地面。固定搭配stop…from doing sth表示“阻止……做某事”。
63．句意：建筑物可以建在垫状物上，这些垫状物通常由钢和橡胶制成。修饰动词made需用副词形式，usual的副词形式为 usually，意为“通常”。
64．句意：地震期间，只有垫状物移动，建筑物几乎保持原样。固定搭配the same表示“同样的、一致的”，此处需加定冠词the。
65．句意：这可以将地震的强度降低13%至15%。此处表示“地震的强度”，应用名词所有格形式，earthquake的所有格为earthquake’s。
66．句意：抗震材料必须易于改变形状且不易断裂。介词without后接动名词形式，break的动名词形式为breaking。
67．句意：在日本，大多数传统房屋用木材建造，因为地震来临时这样更安全。前后两个分句为因果关系，后半句是前半句的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。
68．句意：当外力作用于三角形的一条边时，它会更脆弱，危害性更小。and连接并列的形容词，与weaker保持词性一致，harm的形容词形式为harmful，意为“有害的”。
69．句意：在地震发生、建筑晃动时，三角形结构可以将建筑稳固在一起。主句时态为一般现在时，主语it指代the building，为第三人称单数，因此动词shake用第三人称单数形式shakes。
70．句意：工程师们正尽最大努力让建筑更稳固地屹立不倒，我们十分期待他们富有创意的设计。固定搭配try one’s best表示“尽某人最大努力”，good的最高级形式为best。
71．例文
Dear Tom,
I’m happy to hear that you will come to China to study. Now I’d like to tell you some basic manners in Chinese schools.
First, you should listen carefully to teachers during class and get along well with them at school. Second, never cut in line when waiting, and always wait in line politely. Third, don’t speak loudly in public places, and keep your voice down to be polite to others.
Following these rules will help you get on well with your classmates and teachers. I’m looking forward to your arrival.
Best wishes
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文——电子邮件，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：介绍中国学校中的课堂礼仪、校园礼仪、排队礼仪和公共场所礼仪
确定人称：以第二人称为主
注意事项：内容覆盖所有提示信息；语言礼貌得体；词数控制在80—100词；注意邮件格式
[第二步：构思布局]
开头：得知对方将来中国学习，表示欢迎并引出话题
中间：分别介绍课堂、学校、排队和公共场所中的基本礼仪
结尾：总结遵守礼仪的重要性，并表达期待
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：课堂礼仪
内容词汇：listen carefully to teachers/during class
同类词汇：take notes/answer questions actively/follow classroom rules
评价表达：careful/attentive/polite/good learner
观点拓展：show respect to teachers/improve learning efficiency/create a good learning environment
要点二：校园礼仪
内容词汇：get along well with teachers
同类词汇：be friendly to classmates/help each other/respect others
评价表达：friendly/kind/respectful/helpful
观点拓展：build good relationships/make school life enjoyable/live in harmony with others
要点三：排队礼仪
内容词汇：don’t cut in line/wait in line politely
同类词汇：wait for your turn/follow the order
评价表达：civilized/patient/well-behaved
观点拓展：respect others' rights/keep public order/show good manners
要点四：公共场所礼仪
内容词汇：don’t speak loudly/keep your voice down
同类词汇：keep quiet/avoid making noise/be considerate of others
评价表达：polite/courteous/respectful
观点拓展：create a comfortable environment/show respect for others/be a civilized student
要点五：礼仪的重要性
内容词汇：follow the rules/basic manners
同类词汇：good behavior/good habits/social etiquette
评价表达：important/necessary/helpful
观点拓展：help you get on well with classmates and teachers/leave a good impression/adapt to school life more easily等
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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