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2026届高三全真模拟（三）英语试题
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
The fashion industry significantly influences our environment, from major international events to daily clothing. The chart below reveals the hidden environmental cost of fashion weeks last year. These estimates are conservative, as they only include travel emissions from designers and buyers, not other participants.
But the problem is much bigger than these events. Fast fashion encourages people to treat clothes as disposable. Clothes stores change their product ranges every few weeks, generating a constant production cycle that causes significant damage to nature. To understand the true cost, we can look at a common item: a pair of jeans.
Production: The stage is responsible for the emission of about 13 kilograms of CO2. → Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes. → Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water.
Overall, the industry accounts for 8% of global CO2 emissions (排放) and 20% of water pollution, leading the UN to declare an "environmental emergency." In response, a shift is beginning. For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change.
1. Which fashion week had the most serious environmental impact
A．Milan. B．London. C．Paris. D．New York.
2. What is the minimum amount of water required in processing a pair of jeans
A．1000 liters. B．2000 liters. C．3000 liters. D．3010 liters.
3. What change is the fashion industry experiencing regarding sustainability
A．Reducing event scales. B．Employing digital power.
C．Seeking policy support. D．Using cheaper materials.
B
I loved to argue. My fixation on being right had been a mainstay in my life and had often stirred up trouble in my family; there were moments when my marriage became strained and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year.
My habit seemed immortal. Until an afternoon with my granddaughter opened my eyes to the impact my behaviour was having on the people around me. We were playing a board game when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa, why are you so stubborn ” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’ re here to have fun, aren’t we ” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right, we were there to enjoy ourselves — how to move the pieces was merely a backdrop. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared.
A few days later, my son came over for dinner. During the meal, he shared a viewpoint that struck me as baseless. Typically, I would have launched myself headfirst into a heated debate with him. But this time, as I parted my lips to respond, I found myself popping a forkful of pie into my mouth instead, enjoying it quietly. My tolerance surprised me, but what really took my breath away as I listened to him was a newfound desire to understand him. This experience brought me a joy that far surpassed (超出) the fleeting satisfaction of winning an argument.
In hindsight (事后想), my drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. By letting go, I gained way more than I ever did by pushing back. Now I recognise that arguing at the dinner table is much like deciding to drink an extra cup of coffee. It is a matter of self-discipline. I had always understood this concept in theory, but it took a seven-year-old’s intervention for me to apply it.
4. What did the author’s passion for argument contribute to
A．Damaged relationship. B．Moral development.
C．Troublesome children. D．Bittersweet marriage.
5. What did the author learn from his granddaughter’s words
A．Good habits were hard to develop. B．Rules didn’t work in a board game.
C．Adults were more serious than kids. D．Connection was more vital than right.
6. What surprised the author most during the dinner
A．The awareness of tolerance. B．The flavour of the tasty food.
C．The brief joy from winning. D．The urge to understand others.
7. Why does the author mention an extra cup of tea
A．To spread a complex concept. B．To highlight the need for truth.
C．To identify the root of his habit. D．To compare two daily activities.
C
In recent years, consumers have increasingly sought “clean-label” foods — products made with natural ingredients. This trend has driven scientists to search for safe, natural preservatives (防腐剂，保护剂). They have turned their attention to a part of the cashew nut (腰果) that is often thrown away — the shell. From it, they extract Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and find that it contains special natural substances that can fight bacteria and prevent decay (变质). While this dark liquid has been studied for use in industries like paint and medicine, its potential for preserving food had not been fully explored until now.
The scientists designed a careful experiment to test whether CNSL could help preserve beef, one of the most widely consumed meats globally. They applied the liquid to beef samples at different concentrations (含量、浓度). Some meat was left untreated as controls. The samples were then stored under different conditions — some at room temperature and others in refrigeration — for two weeks.
During storage, a detailed microbiological evaluation was conducted to quantify total viable (活菌) counts and specific spoilage organisms (腐败菌), including Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., and Proteus spp. Physicochemical analyses monitored changes in pH and water activity, while bacteria growth was assessed during storage at room temperature. The scientists discovered that the CNSL-treated meat showed significantly less bacterial growth than untreated meat. The effect was strongest at higher concentrations, with a 2.0% solution providing excellent protection while maintaining meat quality. Even at room temperature, it effectively delayed the meat’s souring process and reduced bacteria growth, helping the beef stay fresh-looking longer.
The researchers note that further studies are needed to understand whether the liquid affects the taste and texture of the beef, and how it might be combined with modern packaging for even better results. Still, this study opens a window into nature’s own way of keeping food fresh — hidden inside a humble cashew shell.
8. Why are scientists studying cashew nut shells
A．To reduce waste in the food industry.
B．To improve the taste of processed foods.
C．To find natural alternatives to artificial preservatives.
D．To develop new industrial materials for paint and medicine.
9. What was the primary focus of the microbiological evaluation
A．The variety of cashew species.
B．The safety of refrigerated beef.
C．The changes in pH and water activity.
D．The effectiveness of CNSL against bacteria.
10. What does the experiment suggest about CNSL
A．It can improve meat quality over time.
B．It performs best at room temperature.
C．It speeds up the meat’s souring process.
D．Its concentration and the storage life are closely related.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of CNSL
A．Fully convinced. B．Cautiously optimistic.
C．Hesitant and doubtful. D．Neutral and objective.
D
A new study published in Science suggests AI systems’ responses may disturb people’s ability to handle interpersonal conflicts. Scientists found that when AI chatbots are used for advice on interpersonal issues, they profess users’ perspectives much more often than humans and even praise clearly problematic behaviors. This behavior makes users view AI responses as more trustworthy, so they are more likely to turn to the agreeable AI again for future interpersonal issues.
Myra Cheng, a university professor and lead author of the study, was inspired after she learned that undergraduates were increasingly using AI to solve relationship issues. She worries people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations, as AI never tells users they are wrong or offers the “tough love” sometimes needed. While AI is overly agreeable on fact-based questions, few studies have explored how Large Language Models (LLMs) powering AI judge social dilemmas (困境).
Cheng’s team evaluated 11 major LLMs, including ChatGPT and Gemini, using established interpersonal advice datasets. They also presented LLMs with harmful action statements and tested 2,400 participants who chatted with both overly agreeable and objective AI chatbots. They found AI supported users 49% more often than humans on average and praised problematic behaviors 47% of the time; participants judged overly agreeable AI chatbots as more trustworthy, enhancing their original views.
Researchers claimed this preference may leave developers unmotivated to fix AI’s sycophancy, creating a harmful feedback circle, where engagement with AI models and their training could enhance such overly agreeable behavior. Additionally, participants could not distinguish overly agreeable AI chatbots from objective ones, mistakenly thinking they were equally fair. One reason the researchers cited was that AI’s agreement often came wrapped in neutral, academic language, making its biased opinion hard to recognize. The study warns overusing AI for interpersonal advice may disturb moral growth and narrow perspectives, as avoiding social conflicts — easy with AI — is key to healthy relationships.
12. What does the underlined word “profess” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Simplify. B．Back. C．Contradict. D．Dismiss.
13. What is Cheng’s concern
A．AI is dangerously replacing human communication.
B．Colleges fail to offer necessary guidance to graduates.
C．Students rely too much on digital products in daily study.
D．People may gradually lose competence in handling conflicts.
14. What is a finding of Cheng’s experiment
A．Agreeable AI chatbots are preferred.
B．There is no perfect solution to social dilemmas.
C．LLMs are better at solving fact-based problems.
D．AI models provide more objective advice than humans.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Risks of AI’s Overly Agreeable Advice
B．A New Study on the Future Development of LLMs
C．Ways to Distinguish Biased AI Tools from Objective Ones
D．The Importance of Tough Love in Interpersonal Conflicts
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When I sat in the sun one afternoon, it was noisy outside. The industrious buzz of bees in cherry flowers was annoying, accompanied by “back off” warning chirps from blackbirds nesting in the tree. 16 A mini-digger was tearing apart the neighboring garden, sending out a deep, continuous roar.
They started with the hedge (树篱) — I thought that was all they were going to do, because it happened around here a lot. 17 The first was proudly pointed out to me by the owner; the second I only saw in the aftermath. But this time they had bigger plans. When the hedge was out, they kept clearing away bushes, plants and trees. 18
Aren’t we supposed to be a nation of garden lovers It doesn’t feel like it. 19 Paved (铺砌的) driveways have covered what were plots of wild vegetation. And it’s happening almost everywhere. People have their reasons and it’s none of my bleeding-heart business, but I just can’t stop feeling worried.
I know people are busy and gardening may feel burdensome. But for anyone who has a corner of outside space, if they can’t do something, at least they can do nothing. Nothing might be the best thing of all, actually, as long as they don’t destroy it. 20 Wild grass and flowers feed insects and birds; insects lay eggs in plants; birds line nests in trees... Over time, the negative space where people don’t garden can be precisely where the ordinary magic of life happens.
A．Gardens can evolve in their own way.
B．There was another noise too, though.
C．Gardens are almost as diverse as a rainforest.
D．I couldn’t remember exactly the similar happenings.
E．It was the third case I had spotted in a matter of weeks.
F．By evening, what had once been a garden was no more.
G．Every year, a handful of front gardens get concreted over here.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was born in a rural town. The life there was simple yet 21 — unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated.
I felt caged and 22 by the humble houses, the rough roads, and even the endless stretches of cornfields. Even more unacceptably, independence wasn’t exactly 23 there, and I had to follow a beaten path, a life defined by convention. So I 24 — far away to a big city.
City life was really 25 . I threw myself into new experiences — sampling new cafes, visiting galleries and playing AR games... to 26 my hard-won independence. Yet gradually, beneath the city’s restless energy, a huge 27 from not belonging swallowed my heart. The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable, and I needed to go back to my 28 .
Years later, I returned to the place I once 29 . To my surprise, while I had changed, so had my hometown, with small, welcoming 30 everywhere: Tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets. The cornfields, once symbols of all I longed to escape, became spaces for reflection, progress, and finally 31 . Admittedly, I feared being labeled as a “failure” at the city life, yet no such 32 came — only quiet understanding, or, 33 , you could say.
This homecoming, 34 , was not just a return, but a(n) 35 of the soul, empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land.
21. A．stable B．addictive C．rigid D．confusing
22. A．ashamed B．puzzled C．thrilled D．choked
23. A．celebrated B．displayed C．explained D．ruined
24. A．sat around B．showed off C．took flight D．gained ground
25. A．conventional B．fascinating C．complicated D．tolerable
26. A．recover B．enjoy C．advertise D．witness
27. A．emptiness B．guilt C．regret D．concern
28. A．duties B．trips C．roots D．destinations
29. A．recalled B．missed C．chose D．resisted
30. A．qualities B．decorations C．inventions D．transformations
31. A．patience B．growth C．memory D．uniqueness
32. A．belief B．impression C．surprise D．judgment
33. A．empathy B．praise C．promise D．gratitude
34. A．particularly B．secretly C．thankfully D．strangely
35. A．exploration B．appreciation C．description D．refreshment
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tiangong Kaiwu, a Chinese space mining project named after a 17th century Ming Dynasty Encyclopedia, is focused on mining water ice from resources in space. Water ice is frozen H O 36 (find) on moons, planets, comets, and asteroids. It is critical for space exploration. Once split into hydrogen and oxygen, it could transform the Moon 37 a refueling station for deep-space missions, potentially reducing costs by up to 90 percent.
Actually, celestial (天体的) 38 (body) in space offer valuable riches far beyond water ice: asteroids provide precious metals and carbon, the Moon helium-3 for clean energy and building materials, 39 the Mars hundreds of minerals.
40 (mine) these space resources, Chinese scientists have engineered a six-legged robot which can adapt to the extreme gravitational conditions. Three of its legs 41 (fit) with wheels for smooth surfaces, the other three designed to be claw-like grippers (夹子) to ensure 42 (stable) across diverse landscapes. The unusual design solves a longstanding engineering challenge: the gravity on the Moon is 43 (incredible) weak, so a drill’s force would push a robot away rather than let it dig in. The grippers can lock onto rock with 600 newtons of force to fix this problem. Moreover, the robot runs on power directly harvested from lunar water ice, literally 44 (tap) local resources to sustain long-duration missions.
With the plan rolled out in phases, China is unveiling “space +” ambitions to explore 45 whole solar system.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary制作了一张关于中国茶文化的海报（见下图），来信征求你的意见。请给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1．你的评价；
2．你的建议。
注意：
（1）写作词数为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mary,
I am really glad to receive your poster about Chinese tea culture.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We walked to the harbor at dawn, saying goodbye to sailboats, lobsters, and the ocean — my beloved home. As a sorrowful bell rang, Dad asked if I had any last farewells. I bit my lip: Goodbye, home. Soon, we were heading west to Grandpa’s farm, where Dad grew up with chickens and cattle.
I hated the idea. Dad talked about the beauty of the desert and Rocky Mountains, but I only cared about beach shells and seagulls’ (海鸥) cries. After six days of driving, we arrived at Grandpa’s dusty farm. Ben, my two-year-old brother, quickly fell in love with the cow and sheep, but I felt lonely. Grandpa gave me the attic (顶楼) bedroom, where I unpacked my favorite things: a beach towel, a framed starfish, and a shell collection, placing them by the window to feel closer to home.
The night before school started, I stared at my notebook. I’d made two lists: “Old Things I Miss” (pleasant salt smell, seagulls, friends) and “New Things I Love” — which was still blank. I dreamed of seagulls tracking lobster boats, but woke to the sound of Grandpa’s tractor. To my shock, a flock of seagulls circled above the ploughed (犁过的) field, skimming for worms. Dad explained they were Utah’s state birds, heroes who’d saved settlers from starvation. As I listened to their cries, a faint warmth touched my heart. Before leaving for school, I slipped the notebook into my backpack. Maybe desert gulls were a sign — but would I really find new things to love here I twisted (转动) the shell keychain in my pocket — one of my favorite shells from the ocean, wondering if a “sea girl” could ever call the desert home.注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On my first day at school, the shell keychain in my hand caught a girl’s eye.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As the days passed, the “New Things I Love” grew longer and longer.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第二部分 阅读
阅读理解单选
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.A
七选五
16.B 17.E 18.F 19.G 20.A
第三部分 语言运用
完形填空
21.C 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.D 31.B 32.D 33.A 34.C 35.D
语法填空
36.found 37.into 38.bodies 39.and 40.To mine
41.are fitted 42.stability 43.incredibly 44.tapping 45.the
第四部分 写作 参考范文
46.
Dear Mary,
I am really glad to receive your poster about Chinese tea culture. It looks lovely and simple, but it lacks detailed information.
I suggest you add some famous types of Chinese tea, like Longjing and Pu'er. Besides, you can introduce tea-drinking customs. These contents will make the poster more informative. I believe it will become much better with these changes.
Yours,
Li Hua
47.
On my first day at school, the shell keychain in my hand caught a girl’s eye. She came over and asked curiously about the beautiful shell. I told her stories about my seaside hometown and the lovely seagulls there. Surprisingly, she knew a lot about local seagulls and the farm. We talked happily and soon became good friends. I felt warm and less lonely in the new environment.
As the days passed, the “New Things I Love” grew longer and longer. I fell in love with the quiet farm, lovely farm animals and friendly classmates. I also enjoyed watching seagulls fly over the fields every morning. Gradually, I accepted my new life. Though I still missed the ocean, I realized I could also find happiness and warmth in this desert farm.

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