资源简介

1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席(absent adj．缺席的；不存在的，缺乏的)
◎one's absence from... 某人缺席……
in one's absence ＝ in the absence of sb．
某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
◎be absent from 不参加，缺席
◎absent-minded 心不在焉的；健忘的
◎(2023·北京卷)The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success．
考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学这一项令人感到惊讶。
2．bother vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi．花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难
◎bother with/about sth． 花费时间/精力做某事
bother sb．with/about sth． 为某事打扰/麻烦某人
bother doing/to do sth． 费心做某事
It bothers sb．that... 使某人苦恼的是……
◎put sb．to bother 给某人添乱
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the “library” opened，I didn't bother taking a look，as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories．
“图书馆” 开放后的几个月里，我一直没想去看看，因为我以为里面肯定满是俗套的爱情故事。
3．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于(occupied adj．忙于……的；使用中的 occupation n．占领；职业；工作)
◎occupy oneself with sth．/in doing sth．
使自己忙于/专心于(做)某事
◎be occupied (in) doing sth． 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth． 忙于某事
◎(2023·全国甲卷)Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche...
灰熊体长可达约2.5米，体重超过400公斤，它们在美国人的心理上占据着一个矛盾的角落……
4．circumstance n．条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况
in/under no circumstances
决不(置于句首，句子要用部分倒装语序)
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然这样
in/under any/most circumstances 在任何/大部分情况下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许的话
◎(2023·全国甲卷)So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate，and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone，we get impatient about the circumstances．
我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对所处的境况失去耐心。
5．vital adj．必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的(vitally adv．极其)
◎be vital for/to (doing) sth．
对(做)某事极为重要
be of vital importance/significance to...
对……至关重要
◎It is vital to do...
做……很重要。
It is vital that sb．(should) do sth．
某人做某事是极其重要的。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript．
如果你想发表作品，提交一份完美且呈现专业的手稿至关重要。
6．assistant n．助手，助理；助教；售货员 adj．辅助的；助理的；副的 (assist v．帮助；协助；援助 assistance n．援助，帮助；辅助设备)
◎with the assistance/help of
在……的帮助下
come/go to one's assistance 来/去帮助某人
◎assist sb．with sth．/in doing sth．/to do sth．
帮助某人做某事
◎(2024·天津3月卷)When he went out of his way to help me，I told him how grateful I was for his assistance．
当他特地帮助我时，我告诉他我有多感激他的帮助。
7．foundation n．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会(found vt．建立；建设 founder n．创始人)
lay the foundation of... 奠定……的基础；
打好……的地基
lay the foundation for... 为……打下基础
without foundation 没有根据的
◎(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation of Chinese culture，fostering respect for authority，harmonious relationships，and the pursuit of knowledge．
他的学说塑造了中国文化的道德和伦理根基，倡导尊重权威、和谐的人际关系以及对知识的追求。
8．shelter n．居所，住处；庇护 vt．保护，掩蔽 vi．躲避
◎seek shelter (from...) 寻求庇护；寻找地
方躲避
take shelter from... 躲避……
◎shelter from... 躲避(风雨或危险)
shelter...from... 保护……免于……；保护……不受……
的伤害；给……挡住……
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain．
我是真的要打电话，而不是来躲雨的。
9．in view of鉴于，考虑到
◎in one's view/from one's point of view
在某人看来；以某人之见
come into view 映入眼帘；进入视野
have/get a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
◎view...as... 把……看成……
◎(2023·北京卷)Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment or funding．
管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。
1．Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around． (so that引导目的状语从句)
由于太空中近乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住，这样我们才不会四处飘浮。
2．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back，but the unusual beds don't bother us any more．(It＋be＋adj．＋that...)
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
3．That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned．(why引导表语从句)
那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每次的太空行走。
4．Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health．(of＋抽象名词)
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。
5．Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proven，but the signs are promising...(助动词do/does/did强调谓语动词)
其他星球上是否真的存在生命尚未得到证实，但迹象令人鼓舞……
6．It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun．(强调句)
正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆的，它绕着太阳公转。
7．It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year．( It is/was/has been＋过去分词＋that...)
据测算，全球太空经济正以每年数十亿美元的规模增长。
8．as引导让步状语从句
Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think．
虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
连词as引导让步状语从句，一般使用倒装结构：
◎表语(名词、形容词、过去分词等)＋ as＋ 主语＋系动词(作表语的名词一定是可数名词的单数形式，且其前面不加冠词)；
◎副词＋as＋主语＋谓语；
◎动词原形＋as＋主语＋助动词/情态动词。
此时的as可以换成though或that，但不可换成although。
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)Brilliant though it is，Project Debater has some weaknesses．
尽管“辩论者计划”非常出色，但它也有一些弱点。
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．absence
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily ________ the absence of new technology．
②The reason that she gave for being absent ________ class was that the heavy snow prevented her coming．
③Having not received a single gift，I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence ____________ their Christmas these years．
④(读后续写之动作描写)怀着几个月都未曾有的喜悦，我们开始把从超市买的东西放在圣诞树周围。
With delight that ________________________________，we started to put the things we bought from the supermarket around the Christmas tree．
2．bother
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 4) However，if a student does not bother ____________ (brush)her hair and her eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work．
②In this situation，many leaders bother their assistants ____________ frequent meetings．
③It bothers me ____________ he doesn't seem to care about my absence．
④(读后续写之动作描写)我看见了洛伊丝，向她挥手致意，但让我烦恼的是她似乎没有注意到。
I caught sight of Lois and waved to her，but________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
3．occupy
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)...it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German __________ (occupy)．
②I've been occupied ____________ (write) my paper，so I can't find time to accompany you to the museum．
③Although it was off-season，the restaurant was fully ____________ (occupy)．
④(读后续写之心理描写)在那些漫长而孤独的夜晚，我迫切需要找点事做，让自己忙碌起来。
I desperately _____________________________ during those long，lonely nights．
4．circumstance
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 5)These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet，even ________ the most extreme circumstances．
②It's an experimental model，so don't touch it ____________ any circumstances．
③________ circumstances permit，I will go on talking about the crucial problem，which is difficult to cope with．
④(应用文写作之主旨升华)一旦我做了决定，我绝不改变主意。
Once I make a decision，________________________________________．(部分倒装)
5．vital
①Getting your students involved in classroom activities is ____________ (vital) important．
②Building transportation infrastructure is vital __________ the country's economic development．
③学生应该在初期就养成良好的学习习惯，这是至关重要的，因为这些习惯将极大地影响他们的学业成功。
__________________________________________，as these habits will significantly influence their academic success．
6．assistant
①As a personal ____________(assist)，my role involves assisting the manager ________ daily tasks，such as scheduling meetings and managing emails．
②The student was struggling with her math homework，so her classmate came to her ____________(assist)，explaining the complex problems with patience．
③This app is designed to assist users ____________ (track) their daily fitness activities．
④借助先进的软件，我能够改进这些流程，并确保所有事情都能顺利进行。
_____________________________________________________________________，
I can streamline these processes and ensure everything runs smoothly．
7．foundation
①(北师大版必修第三册Unit 8)The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm ____________ (found)．
②My goal was to raise $50，000 in one year in support of an organization ____________ (found) 30 years ago to end hunger．
③This will help them lay a solid foundation ________ their future English learning．
④(应用文写作之建议信)它可以帮助你巩固你的知识基础，也可以向他们展示你的激情。
It can help you consolidate ____________________________________ and it can also show them your passion．
8．shelter
①(人教版必修第一册Unit 4)Workers built ____________ (shelter) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed．
②Although horses do not generally mind the cold，sheltering ________ rain and wind is of great importance．
③Stricter laws will be made to ensure that all children have the right to be properly fed，clothed and ____________ (shelter) by their family．
④(读后续写之环境描写)山坡上矗立着一栋由原木建造的大房子，被茂密的树林遮蔽着。
On the hillside stood a large house built of logs，________________________．
9．in view of
①________ view of the seriousness of this problem，effective measures should be taken before things get worse．
②The candidate is not likely to win the election in view ________ the fact that many voters have voiced their public disapproval．
③First-generation Americans view the United States ________ a land of golden opportunities．
④(读后续写之感悟升华)尽管这份礼物不值很多钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中包含的爱。
Although the present isn't worth much，I value it very much．____________________，it's the love contained in it that really counts．
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．We attempt ______________ the effectiveness of the drug and finally submit an __________ report to the public．(evaluate)
2．I prefer to ____________ my kids to nature often because frequent ____________ to nature is good for children's brain development．(expose)
3．Data shows that kids who do not read ____________ have fewer books in the home compared to ____________ readers and that the ____________ of their parents reading to them is lower as well．(frequent)
4．(读后续写之心理描写)As she stepped onto the stage to accept the award，her heart pounded wildly，and she felt ____________ (incredible)nervous．
5．The researchers hope that this will cast new light ________ how life may have formed on earth．
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．In this physics class，we learned how gravity keeps planets in orbit，but the gravity of climate change—discussed in our environmental science project—requires gravity in our actions，not just theoretical understanding．
①________________　②________________
③________________
2．In a military academy，discipline is the foundation—cadets must develop discipline to follow strict routines，undergo intense discipline in physical and tactical training，and understand that any violation of rules will lead to being disciplined through structured consequences．
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
3．After completing his covert military mission to rescue hostages，the veteran astronaut piloted a lunar mission，but found his true life's mission in inspiring youth through science education．
①________________　②________________
③________________
4．The journalist's coverage of the environmental summit included detailed maps showing the coverage of endangered species habitats，while her research paper expanded the coverage of climate policies to include under-represented regions．
①________________　②________________
③________________
5．In the lab，a constant temperature of 25 ℃ is maintained by the thermostat，while sensors record constant data on chemical reactions，ensuring accuracy in every stage of the experiment．
①________________　②________________
Ⅳ．阅读词汇语境练(写出句中黑体词的词性及含义)
1．In the Song Dynasty，an instrument was also invented to indicate direction，called the compass fish，which floated on water． ________________
2．That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety． ________________
3．After doing odd jobs for a week，he got a permanent position as an office boy． ________________
4．The project was altogether different from what we initially planned． ________________
5．After the spaceship is launched，what we should do first is to make sure it goes into the right orbit． ________________
6．His motive for helping was a secret desire to impress her． ________________
Ⅴ．写作句式迁移练
1．虽然他们已经筋疲力尽了，但没有一个人停下来休息一下。(as引导让步状语从句)
________________________，none of them ever paused for a rest．
2．他们在乡村地区做志愿者工作，确实给我们树立了一个好榜样。(强调谓语动词)
They ________________________ by doing voluntary work in the rural areas．
3．在足球比赛中踢进制胜一球后，詹姆斯跑向他的队友，眼中闪着光，脸上洋溢着喜悦。(with复合结构)
After scoring the winning goal in the soccer game，James ran to his teammates ________________________________．
4．解决的办法是种树，这样鸟儿就可以找到庇护所了。(so that引导目的状语从句)
The solution was to plant trees ____________________________________．
5．事实上，正是这次经历让玛丽的节日过得更有意义。(强调句)
Actually，________________________ makes Mary's festival more meaningful．
假定你是李华，上周六你参观了一场以“Looking into the Future”为主题的中国航天模型展。请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．展览内容；
2．你的感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
①上周六，我参观了“展望未来”中国航天模型展。(model)
Last Saturday，I visited “Looking into the Future”，a China aerospace ______________．
②令我印象最深刻的是那辆高科技的火星探测车，其太阳能板完全展开。(强调句型；with复合结构)
__________ the high-tech Mars rover ________ impressed me most，___________________________________．
③重要的是我们应持续探索太空。(vital；it＋be＋adj．＋that...)
________________ we keep exploring space．
④尽管太空任务困难重重，科学家们仍在坚持。(mission；as引导让步状语从句)
________________________，scientists still persist．
⑤正因为如此，他们的工作具有重大价值。(that's why...；of＋抽象名词)
______________ their work is ______________．
⑥虽然真正的宇航员没有在场是个遗憾，但这场展览确实激发了我的热情。(absence；强调谓语动词)
The exhibition ________________________ although ______________ real astronauts was a pity．
⑦人群并没有打扰到我，我完全沉浸在这些精致的模型中。(bother，occupy)
I ____________________ the crowd and ________________________ by the delicate models．
把以上句子用适当的过渡词或过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文
Dear Chris，
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
幽弦暗泣 sob，sniffle，tears well up 雨幕倾怀 cry，weep，shed tears
裂帛悲号 wail，bawl，cry like a baby 泪崩心碎 burst into tears，break down in tears，sob uncontrollably
蚀骨呜咽 cry one's heart out，weep bitterly，burst into sobs 茧缚凝噎 choke back tears，hold back sobs，swallow one's tears
微情景1　“太空探索”——宇宙危途绝境中的“哭泣”
As the spacecraft hurtled through space，Commander Rhea choked back tears while ①______________________________ (回顾失败的任务数据)．A sudden jolt ②________________________ (使她的眼泪涌了出来)，but she held back sobs，knowing panic would burst into tears she couldn't afford．When the engine failed entirely，her crew began to weep bitterly，③____________________________________ (他们的恐惧像遥远的哀号一样回荡着)．Yet Rhea，refusing to cry her heart out，rallied them，“Survival first．” Some sniffled quietly，others ④________________________ (默默地流泪)，but together they fought to rewrite their fate among the stars．
微情景 2　“情感与情绪”——痛苦宣泄与挣扎的“哭泣”
She cried her heart out，①__________________________ (崩溃大哭)and releasing the pent-up emotions that had haunted her for so long．②________________________ (泪水不受控制地流淌)，her initial sobs turning into bursts of heart-wrenching cries．She wept bitterly，③____________________________________ (感受着悲伤的重压向她袭来)．In the depths of despair，she would often find herself in tears，crying like a baby in the darkness of night．She ④________________________ (强忍着泪水)，trying to be strong，but the overwhelming emotions consumed her．
选择性必修第三册　UNIT 2
自查区　单元词句精练
Ⅰ．1．①in　②from　③from　④had been absent for months　2．①to brush　②with/about　③that　④it bothered me that she didn't seem to notice/what bothered me was that she didn't seem to notice　3．①occupation　②writing
③occupied　④needed to find something to do to keep myself occupied　4．①in　②under　③If　④under no circumstances will I change my mind　5．①vitally　②to/for　③It's vital that students (should) develop good study habits early on
6．①assistant；with　②assistance　③to track　④With the assistance of advanced software　7．①foundation　②founded
③for　④the foundation of your knowledge　8．①shelters　②from　③sheltered　④sheltered by thick woods　9．①In　②of　③as　④From my point of view/In my view
Ⅱ．1．to evaluate；evaluation　2．expose；exposure　3．frequently；frequent；frequency　4．incredibly　5．on
Ⅲ．1．①n．重力　②n．严重性　③n．严肃　2．①n．纪律
②n．自制力　③n．训练　④vt．惩罚　3．①n．军事行动
②n．太空飞行任务　③n．使命　4．①n．新闻报道　②n．覆盖范围　③n．信息范围　5．①adj．固定的　②adj．连续发生的
Ⅳ．1．vi．漂浮　2．n．维护　3．adj．永久的　4．adv．完全
5．n．轨道　6．n．目的
Ⅴ．1．Exhausted as they were　2．did set a good example to us　3．with his eyes shining and his face glowing with joy　4．so that the birds could find shelters　5．it is this experience that
练表达　主题引领写作
应用文写作
完成句子
①model exhibition　②It was；that；with its solar panels fully unfolded　③It's vital that　④Difficult as space missions are
⑤That's why；of great value　⑥did fuel my enthusiasm；the absence of　⑦wasn't bothered by；felt completely occupied
组句成篇
Dear Chris，
Last Saturday，I visited “Looking into the Future”，a China aerospace model exhibition．It was the high tech Mars rover that impressed me most，with its solar panels fully unfolded．
It's vital that we keep exploring space．Difficult as space missions are，scientists still persist．That's why their work is of great value．The exhibition did fuel my enthusiasm although the absence of real astronauts was a pity．I wasn't bothered by the crowd and felt completely occupied by the delicate models．
Hope you can visit a similar exhibition one day!
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写
语料运用
微情景1　①reviewing the failed mission data　②made her tears well up　③their fears echoing like distant wails　④shed tears in silence
微情景2　①breaking down in tears　②The tears flowed uncontrollably　③feeling the weight of her sorrow wash over her
④choked back her tears(共128张PPT)
　选择性必修第三册　UNIT 2　Out of this world
第一部分 教材知识讲练
单元主题串记
自学区——单元词句复盘
重点词汇
1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席(absent adj．缺席的；不存在的，缺乏的)
知识归纳
◎one's absence from.. 某人缺席……
in one's absence ＝ in the absence of sb．
某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
◎be absent from 不参加，缺席
◎absent-minded 心不在焉的；健忘的
佳句输入
◎(2023·北京卷)The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success．
考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学这一项令人感到惊讶。
2．bother vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi．花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难
知识归纳
◎bother with/about sth． 花费时间/精力做某事
bother sb．with/about sth． 为某事打扰/麻烦某人
bother doing/to do sth． 费心做某事
It bothers sb．that... 使某人苦恼的是……
◎put sb．to bother 给某人添乱
佳句输入
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the “library” opened，I didn't bother taking a look，as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories．
“图书馆” 开放后的几个月里，我一直没想去看看，因为我以为里面肯定满是俗套的爱情故事。
3．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于(occupied adj．忙于……的；使用中的 occupation n．占领；职业；工作)
知识归纳
◎occupy oneself with sth．/in doing sth．
使自己忙于/专心于(做)某事
◎be occupied (in) doing sth．　　忙于做某事
be occupied with sth． 忙于某事
佳句输入
◎(2023·全国甲卷)Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche...
灰熊体长可达约2.5米，体重超过400公斤，它们在美国人的心理上占据着一个矛盾的角落……
4．circumstance n．条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况
知识归纳
in/under no circumstances 决不(置于句首，
句子要用部分倒装语序)
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然这样
in/under any/most circumstances 在任何/大部分情况下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许的话
佳句输入
◎(2023·全国甲卷)So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate，and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone，we get impatient about the circumstances．
我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对所处的境况失去耐心。
5．vital adj．必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的(vitally adv．极其)
知识归纳
◎be vital for/to (doing) sth． 对(做)某事极为重要
be of vital importance/significance to...
对……至关重要
◎It is vital to do... 做……很重要。
It is vital that sb．(should) do sth．某人做某事是极其重要的。
佳句输入
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript．
如果你想发表作品，提交一份完美且呈现专业的手稿至关重要。
6．assistant n．助手，助理；助教；售货员 adj．辅助的；助理的；副的 (assist v．帮助；协助；援助 assistance n．援助，帮助；辅助设备)
知识归纳
◎with the assistance/help of ……的帮助下
come/go to one's assistance 来/去帮助某人
◎assist sb．with sth．/in doing sth．/to do sth．
帮助某人做某事
佳句输入
◎(2024·天津3月卷)When he went out of his way to help me，I told him how grateful I was for his assistance．
当他特地帮助我时，我告诉他我有多感激他的帮助。
7．foundation n．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会(found vt．建立；建设 founder n．创始人)
知识归纳
lay the foundation of... 奠定……的基础；打好……的地基
lay the foundation for... 为……打下基础
without foundation 没有根据的
佳句输入
◎(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation of Chinese culture，fostering respect for authority，harmonious relationships，and the pursuit of knowledge．
他的学说塑造了中国文化的道德和伦理根基，倡导尊重权威、和谐的人际关系以及对知识的追求。
8．shelter n．居所，住处；庇护 vt．保护，掩蔽 vi．躲避
知识归纳
◎seek shelter (from...) 寻求庇护；寻找地方躲避
take shelter from... 躲避……
◎shelter from... 躲避(风雨或危险)
shelter...from... 保护……免于……；
保护……不受……的伤害；给……挡住……
佳句输入
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain．
我是真的要打电话，而不是来躲雨的。
9．in view of鉴于，考虑到
知识归纳
◎in one's view/from one's point of view
　　　　　 在某人看来；以某人之见
come into view 映入眼帘；进入视野
have/get a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
◎view...as... 把……看成……
佳句输入
◎(2023·北京卷)Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment or funding．
管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。
句型公式
1．Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around． (so that引导目的状语从句)
由于太空中近乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住，这样我们才不会四处飘浮。
2．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back，but the unusual beds don't bother us any more．(It＋be＋adj．＋that...)
努力在背部没有压力的状态下入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
3．That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned．(why引导表语从句)
那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每次的太空行走。
4．Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health．(of＋抽象名词)
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。
5．Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proven，but the signs are promising...(助动词do/does/did强调谓语动词)
其他星球上是否真的存在生命尚未得到证实，但迹象令人鼓舞……
6．It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun．(强调句)
正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆的，它绕着太阳公转。
7．It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year．( It is/was/has been＋过去分词＋that...)
据测算，全球太空经济正以每年数十亿美元的规模增长。
8．as引导让步状语从句
Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think．
虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
句式分析
连词as引导让步状语从句，一般使用倒装结构：
◎表语(名词、形容词、过去分词等)＋ as＋ 主语＋系动词(作表语的名词一定是可数名词的单数形式，且其前面不加冠词)；
◎副词＋as＋主语＋谓语；
◎动词原形＋as＋主语＋助动词/情态动词。
此时的as可以换成though或that，但不可换成although。
佳句输入
◎(2023·浙江1月卷)Brilliant though it is，Project Debater has some weaknesses．
尽管“辩论者计划”非常出色，但它也有一些弱点。
自查区——单元词句精炼
Ⅰ．重点词汇对点练
1．absence
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily __ the absence of new technology．
②The reason that she gave for being absent ____ class was that the heavy snow prevented her coming．
in
from
③Having not received a single gift，I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence ____ their Christmas these years．
④(读后续写之动作描写)怀着几个月都未曾有的喜悦，我们开始把从超市买的东西放在圣诞树周围。
With delight that __________________________，we started to put the things we bought from the supermarket around the Christmas tree．
from
had been absent for months
2．bother
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 4) However，if a student does not bother ________ (brush)her hair and her eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work．
②In this situation，many leaders bother their assistants __________ frequent meetings．
③It bothers me ____ he doesn't seem to care about my absence．
to brush
with/about
that
④(读后续写之动作描写)我看见了洛伊丝，向她挥手致意，但让我烦恼的是她似乎没有注意到。
I caught sight of Lois and waved to her，but _______________________________________________________________________________________．
it bothered me that she
didn't seem to notice/what bothered me was that she didn't seem to notice
3．occupy
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)...it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German __________ (occupy)．
②I've been occupied _______ (write) my paper，so I can't find time to accompany you to the museum．
③Although it was off-season，the restaurant was fully ________ (occupy)．
occupation
writing
occupied
④(读后续写之心理描写)在那些漫长而孤独的夜晚，我迫切需要找点事做，让自己忙碌起来。
I desperately ________________________________________________ during those long，lonely nights．
needed to find something to do to keep myself occupied
4．circumstance
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 5)These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet，even __ the most extreme circumstances．
②It's an experimental model，so don't touch it _____ any circumstances．
③__ circumstances permit，I will go on talking about the crucial problem，which is difficult to cope with．
in
under
If
④(应用文写作之主旨升华)一旦我做了决定，我绝不改变主意。
Once I make a decision，____________________________________．
(部分倒装)
under no circumstances will I change my mind
5．vital
①Getting your students involved in classroom activities is _______ (vital) important．
②Building transportation infrastructure is vital ______ the country's economic development．
vitally
to/for
③学生应该在初期就养成良好的学习习惯，这是至关重要的，因为这些习惯将极大地影响他们的学业成功。
__________________________________________________________，as these habits will significantly influence their academic success．
It's vital that students(should) develop good study habits early on
6．assistant
①As a personal _________(assist)，my role involves assisting the manager ____ daily tasks，such as scheduling meetings and managing emails．
②The student was struggling with her math homework，so her classmate came to her __________(assist)，explaining the complex problems with patience．
assistant
with
assistance
③This app is designed to assist users ________ (track) their daily fitness activities．
④借助先进的软件，我能够改进这些流程，并确保所有事情都能顺利进行。
_________________________________，I can streamline these processes and ensure everything runs smoothly．
to track
With the assistance of advanced software
7．foundation
①(北师大版必修第三册Unit 8)The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm __________ (found)．
②My goal was to raise $50，000 in one year in support of an organization _______ (found) 30 years ago to end hunger．
③This will help them lay a solid foundation ___ their future English learning．
foundation
founded
for
④(应用文写作之建议信)它可以帮助你巩固你的知识基础，也可以向他们展示你的激情。
It can help you consolidate ________________________________ and it can also show them your passion．
the foundation of your knowledge
8．shelter
①(人教版必修第一册Unit 4)Workers built ________ (shelter) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed．
②Although horses do not generally mind the cold，sheltering ____ rain and wind is of great importance．
③Stricter laws will be made to ensure that all children have the right to be properly fed，clothed and _________ (shelter) by their family．
shelters
from
sheltered
④(读后续写之环境描写)山坡上矗立着一栋由原木建造的大房子，被茂密的树林遮蔽着。
On the hillside stood a large house built of logs，__________________________．
sheltered by thick
woods
9．in view of
①__ view of the seriousness of this problem，effective measures should be taken before things get worse．
②The candidate is not likely to win the election in view __ the fact that many voters have voiced their public disapproval．
③First-generation Americans view the United States __ a land of golden opportunities．
In
of
as
④(读后续写之感悟升华)尽管这份礼物不值很多钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中包含的爱。
Although the present isn't worth much，I value it very much．________________________________，it's the love contained in it that really counts．
From my point of view/In my view
Ⅱ．高频词汇精准练
1．We attempt ___________ the effectiveness of the drug and finally submit an __________ report to the public．(evaluate)
2．I prefer to ______ my kids to nature often because frequent ________ to nature is good for children's brain development．(expose)
3．Data shows that kids who do not read __________ have fewer books in the home compared to ________ readers and that the _________ of their parents reading to them is lower as well．(frequent)
to evaluate
evaluation
expose
exposure
frequently
frequent
frequency
4．(读后续写之心理描写)As she stepped onto the stage to accept the award，her heart pounded wildly，and she felt __________ (incredible)nervous．
5．The researchers hope that this will cast new light ____ how life may have formed on earth．
incredibly
on
Ⅲ．多义词汇语段练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及含义)
1．In this physics class，we learned how gravity keeps planets in orbit，but the gravity of climate change—discussed in our environmental science project—requires gravity in our actions，not just theoretical understanding．
①_______　②_________　③_______
n．重力
n．严重性
n．严肃
2．In a military academy，discipline is the foundation—cadets must develop discipline to follow strict routines，undergo intense discipline in physical and tactical training，and understand that any violation of rules will lead to being disciplined through structured consequences．
①_______　②_________　③_______　④________
n．纪律
n．自制力
n．训练
vt．惩罚
3．After completing his covert military mission to rescue hostages，the veteran astronaut piloted a lunar mission，but found his true life's mission in inspiring youth through science education．
①___________　②_______________　③_______
n．军事行动
n．太空飞行任务
n．使命
4．The journalist's coverage of the environmental summit included detailed maps showing the coverage of endangered species habitats，while her research paper expanded the coverage of climate policies to include under-represented regions．
①___________　②___________　③___________
n．新闻报道
n．覆盖范围
n．信息范围
5．In the lab，a constant temperature of 25 ℃ is maintained by the thermostat，while sensors record constant data on chemical reactions，ensuring accuracy in every stage of the experiment．
①___________　②_______________
adj．固定的
adj．连续发生的
Ⅳ．阅读词汇语境练(写出句中黑体词的词性及含义)
1．In the Song Dynasty，an instrument was also invented to indicate direction，called the compass fish，which floated on water． ________
2．That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety． _______
3．After doing odd jobs for a week，he got a permanent position as an office boy． ___________
vi．漂浮
n．维护
adj．永久的
4．The project was altogether different from what we initially planned． _________
5．After the spaceship is launched，what we should do first is to make sure it goes into the right orbit． _______
6．His motive for helping was a secret desire to impress her． _______
adv．完全
n．轨道
n．目的
Ⅴ．写作句式迁移练
1．虽然他们已经筋疲力尽了，但没有一个人停下来休息一下。(as引导让步状语从句)
______________________，none of them ever paused for a rest．
2．他们在乡村地区做志愿者工作，确实给我们树立了一个好榜样。(强调谓语动词)
They ____________________________ by doing voluntary work in the rural areas．
Exhausted as they were
did set a good example to us
3．在足球比赛中踢进制胜一球后，詹姆斯跑向他的队友，眼中闪着光，脸上洋溢着喜悦。(with复合结构)
After scoring the winning goal in the soccer game，James ran to his teammates _____________________________________________．
with his eyes shining and his face glowing with joy
4．解决的办法是种树，这样鸟儿就可以找到庇护所了。(so that引导目的状语从句)
The solution was to plant trees ________________________________．
5．事实上，正是这次经历让玛丽的节日过得更有意义。(强调句)
Actually，__________________________ makes Mary's festival more meaningful．
so that the birds could find shelters
it is this experience that
练表达——主题引领写作
假定你是李华，上周六你参观了一场以“Looking into the Future”为主题的中国航天模型展。请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．展览内容；
2．你的感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
完成句子
①上周六，我参观了“展望未来”中国航天模型展。(model)
Last Saturday，I visited “Looking into the Future”，a China aerospace ________________．
②令我印象最深刻的是那辆高科技的火星探测车，其太阳能板完全展开。(强调句型；with复合结构)
______ the high-tech Mars rover ____ impressed me most，____________________________________．
model exhibition
It was
that
with its solar
panels fully unfolded
③重要的是我们应持续探索太空。(vital；it＋be＋adj．＋that...)
_______________ we keep exploring space．
④尽管太空任务困难重重，科学家们仍在坚持。(mission；as引导让步状语从句)
_______________________________，scientists still persist．
⑤正因为如此，他们的工作具有重大价值。(that's why...；of＋抽象名词)
__________ their work is ______________．
It's vital that
Difficult as space missions are
That's why
of great value
⑥虽然真正的宇航员没有在场是个遗憾，但这场展览确实激发了我的热情。(absence；强调谓语动词)
The exhibition ______________________ although ______________ real astronauts was a pity．
⑦人群并没有打扰到我，我完全沉浸在这些精致的模型中。(bother，occupy)
I __________________ the crowd and ________________________ by the delicate models．
did fuel my enthusiasm
the absence of
wasn't bothered by
felt completely occupied
组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词或过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文
Dear Chris，
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris，
Last Saturday，I visited “Looking into the Future”，a China aerospace model exhibition． It was the high-tech Mars rover that impressed me most，with its solar panels fully unfolded．
It's vital that we keep exploring space． Difficult as space missions are，scientists still persist． That's why their work is of great value． The exhibition did fuel my enthusiasm although the absence of real astronauts was a pity． I wasn't bothered by the crowd and felt completely occupied by the delicate models．
Hope you can visit a similar exhibition one day!
Yours，
Li Hua
语料积累
幽弦暗泣 sob，sniffle，tears well up 雨幕倾怀 cry，weep，shed tears
裂帛悲号 wail，bawl，cry like a baby 泪崩心碎 burst into tears，break down in tears，sob uncontrollably
蚀骨呜咽 cry one's heart out，weep bitterly，burst into sobs 茧缚凝噎 choke back tears，hold back sobs，swallow one's tears
语料运用
微情景1　“太空探索”——宇宙危途绝境中的“哭泣”
As the spacecraft hurtled through space，Commander Rhea choked back tears while ①_________________________________ (回顾失败的任务数据)．A sudden jolt ②______________________ (使她的眼泪涌了出来)，but she held back sobs，knowing panic would burst into tears she couldn't afford．When the engine failed entirely，her crew
reviewing the failed mission data
made her tears well up
began to weep bitterly，③_____________________________________
(他们的恐惧像遥远的哀号一样回荡着)．Yet Rhea，refusing to cry her heart out，rallied them，“Survival first．” Some sniffled quietly，others ④_____________________ (默默地流泪)，but together they fought to rewrite their fate among the stars．
their fears echoing like distant wails
shed tears in silence
微情景 2　“情感与情绪”——痛苦宣泄与挣扎的“哭泣”
She cried her heart out，①______________________ (崩溃大哭)and releasing the pent-up emotions that had haunted her for so long．②_______________________________ (泪水不受控制地流淌)，her initial sobs turning into bursts of heart-wrenching cries．She wept bitterly，③______________________________________________ (感受着悲伤的重压向她袭来)．In the depths of despair，she would often find herself in tears，crying like a baby in the darkness of night．She ④_____________________ (强忍着泪水)，trying to be strong，but the overwhelming emotions consumed her．
breaking down in tears
The tears flowed uncontrollably
feeling the weight of her sorrow wash over her
choked back her tears
题型组合练(三十四)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·江苏南通一模)
In Morten Tyldum's movie Passengers，characters Jim Preston and Aurora Lane are on a 120-year interstellar journey with 5，000 other people to their destination：HomesteadⅡ，a new world to start their
lives anew．To survive the travel，passengers enter hibernation (冬眠)，each one frozen in their own pod．However，something goes wrong and Jim and Aurora wake up 90 years too early．But what if we told you that hibernation for space travel is more likely to happen than the romantic story between Jim and Aurora
Hibernation is a state in which living organisms slow down their metabolic (新陈代谢的) processes while maintaining essential functions．Once inside these pods，astronauts will get drugs to adjust metabolism，reduce core temperature，and cause inactivity．Once back on Earth，they will wake up and gradually readopt their normal functional metabolism．
For going to Mars，astronauts would require about 30kg of food，water，air，and other supplies per day．Thus，hibernation can significantly cut down on their essential needs．Additionally，hibernating astronauts wouldn't get bored，stressed，or lonely，and less time and space would be needed to help keep them fit or entertained．
But this is merely the theory．Space agencies are investigating whether reducing body temperature and later inducing metabolism is a more practical option，while most research projects are currently focusing on animals．The question is：how can we evoke hibernation in species that are not normally doing that And this is why the research on rats，not naturally hibernating animals，is interesting．Research on bears is also important since their body size is more relatable to ours．
The concept is not being considered for the forthcoming Mars mission，but for longer missions to farther destinations such as the outer planets，it could be a very useful technology．Hibernation for humans is an ethically controversial concept，and critics may consider it as a mad scientist's dream．However，without such dreamers，humanity would still be in the Middle Ages．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的理论及其研究进展。
1．Why does the author mention the movie Passengers
A．To advertise a popular sci-fi space movie．
B．To introduce a new approach to long space flights．
C．To explore the possibility of settling on another planet．
D．To reveal the potential dangers of long space travels．
√
B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“However，something goes wrong and Jim and Aurora wake up 90 years too early．But what if we told you that hibernation for space travel is more likely to happen than the romantic story between Jim and Aurora？”可推知，作者提到电影《太空旅客》是为了引出下文关于太空旅行中冬眠这一话题，介绍一种长途太空飞行的新方法。故选B。]
2．What happens to hibernating astronauts
A．Their functional metabolism is disturbed．
B．They need more time and space for entertainment．
C．They lose the balance between basic needs and supplies．
D．Their physical and mental needs are reduced to a minimum．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据第三段“For going to Mars，astronauts would require about 30kg of food，water，air，and other supplies per day...Additionally，hibernating astronauts wouldn't get bored，stressed，or lonely，and less time and space would be needed to help keep them fit or entertained．”可知，冬眠的宇航员基本需求会显著减少，也不会感到无聊、有压力或孤独，用于保持健康和娱乐的时间和空间也更少，说明他们的身体和心理需求都被降到了最低。故选D。]
3．What does the underlined word “evoke” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Initiate．　　　　　 B．Justify．
C．Define． D．Prioritize．
√
A　[词义猜测题。根据第四段中“And this is why the research on rats，not naturally hibernating animals，is interesting．Research on bears is also important since their body size is more relatable to ours．”可知，这就是为什么对老鼠的研究很有趣，而不是自然冬眠的动物。对熊的研究也很重要，因为它们的体型与我们的体型更接近。由此可推断，此处应为我们如何让那些通常不冬眠的物种进入冬眠状态？ evoke意为“唤起，引起”。故选A。]
4．What does the author think of hibernation for humans
A．It may be a risky strategy．
B．It is a dream hard to realize．
C．It can advance social progress．
D．It challenges traditional moral values．
√
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hibernation for humans is an ethically controversial concept，and critics may consider it as a mad scientist's dream．However，without such dreamers，humanity would still be in the Middle Ages．”可知，作者认为人类冬眠在伦理上有争议，批评者可能认为这是疯狂科学家的梦想，但如果没有这样的梦想家，人类可能还处于中世纪，说明作者认为人类冬眠可以推动社会进步。故选C。]
B
LignoSat，the world's first satellite made mostly from wood，reached the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX cargo capsule on November 5，2024．The palm-sized satellite，named after the Latin word for “wood”，will be launched from the ISS into Earth's orbit later．Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space．If successful，LignoSat could pave the way for more environmentally friendly spacecraft designs．
The LignoSat Space Wood Project is led by Japan's Kyoto University．The researchers began by sending a small panel containing three different wood samples to the ISS in 2022．The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to the Earth in early 2023．After analyzing the results，the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite．
“Nobody had ever thought about using wood for rocket science before，” said Professor Koji Murata of Kyoto University．“Many engineers thought wood was old technology and couldn't be applied to cutting-edge technology．”
The main reason for testing a wooden satellite is to reduce space junk．Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum．The metal reacts with oxygen when the satellites burn up in Earth's atmosphere at the end of their life cycle．This process releases aluminum oxide particles，potentially damaging the ozone layer．Wooden satellites，which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide，could help alleviate this issue．
“All the satellites that re-enter the Earth's atmosphere burn and create tiny alumina particles，which will float in the upper atmosphere for many years，” said Takao Doi，an aerospace engineer．“Eventually，it will affect the environment of the Earth．”
Researchers also see a future where trees could be grown on the Moon and Mars．Successfully testing a wooden satellite will demonstrate that wood can withstand harsh space conditions．
LignoSat will orbit the Earth for six months，gathering valuable data before burning up in the atmosphere．Murata and his team aim to use this information to design larger and more advanced wooden satellites and devices．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了世界首个木制卫星LignoSat及其测试意义和环保优势。
5．What is the main task of the LignoSat satellite
A．To provide supplies for the ISS．
B．To determine the endurance of the wood in space．
C．To test the circling capability of wooden satellites．
D．To confirm the size of the wooden satellite in space．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space．”可知，LignoSat卫星的主要任务是确定木材是否能抵御太空的恶劣条件，也就是确定木材在太空中的耐受性。故选B。]
6．Which decision is made based on experimental results
A．Deciding the exposure time of the trial panel．
B．Sending different wood samples into space．
C．Selecting magnolia wood as the satellite material．
D．Cooperating with Kyoto University on the project．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to the Earth in early 2023．After analyzing the results，the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite．”可知，在分析了实验结果后，研究小组选择了木兰树的木材来制作卫星，所以选择木兰木作为卫星材料这一决定是基于实验结果作出的。故选C。]
7．What is the main environmental advantage of wooden satellites
A．They can be repurposed through recycling．
B．They will not release aluminum oxide particles．
C．They can control the amount of space waste overall．
D．They can be obtained as building materials in space．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum...Wooden satellites，which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide，could help alleviate this issue．”可知，木制卫星的主要环境优势是它们不会释放氧化铝颗粒，而铝制卫星会释放氧化铝颗粒，可能会损害臭氧层，木制卫星仅留下水和二氧化碳，有助于缓解这一问题。故选B。]
8．What is the author's purpose in writing the article
A．To describe the process of making the LignoSat satellite．
B．To discuss the potential environmental impact of wooden satellites．
C．To illustrate the practicality and meaning of using wooden satellites．
D．To compare the features of wooden satellites and aluminum satellites．
√
C　[写作意图题。文章第一段介绍了LignoSat卫星及其任务，接着阐述了测试木制卫星的原因(减少太空垃圾)以及其环保优势，还提到了研究人员对木制卫星的未来展望等，整体都是在说明木制卫星的实用性和意义。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·安徽芜湖二模)
As I sat in the spaceship，traveling through vast space，I was amazed by the greatness of the universe．
Our task was to explore a newly-discovered planet，Planet X．The journey was long and filled with 1 ．The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be 2 towards us like bullets．It was a(n) 3 moment，and everyone held their breath as our captain skillfully 4 the ship to avoid the effects．
Finally，we arrived near Planet X．Through the telescope，I saw a planet 5 in a mysterious purple fog．Landing on the planet was no easy task because the gravity was stronger than we had expected．Our landing gear (起落架) 6 some damage during the touchdown． 7 ，we were all safe in the end．
Stepping out of the ship，I was 8 by a strange-looking landscape．The 9 of the planet looked like a barren desert with fine sand shining brightly．As I collected samples，I 10 how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe．Every new 11 here made me more curious about what else is out there．
After 12 the data collected，we found that there existed some special chemicals on this planet．I couldn't wait to 13 more secrets of Planet X．As the sun set，I felt a 14 of excitement and exhaustion．It was a day of unexpected yet wonderful discoveries and I wondered what 15 we would experience in the future．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者作为宇航员探索新发现的X行星的奇妙经历。
1．A．challenges　　　　 B．pains
C．differences D．joys
A　[根据下文“The meteors we met seemed to be ________ towards us like bullets．”可知，流星像子弹一样袭来，所以旅程充满困难和挑战。故选A。]
√
2．A．walking B．pointing
C．looking D．flying
D　[根据本句中的“towards us like bullets”可知，流星在太空中是高速运动的，所以是像子弹一样飞过来。故选D。]
√
3．A．relaxing B．stressful
C．boring D．exciting
B　[根据上文“The meteors we met seemed to be ________ towards us like bullets．”和本句中的“and everyone held their breath”可知，面对流星像子弹一样袭来的危险情况，大家都很紧张。故选B。]
√
4．A．escaped B．destroyed
C．operated D．abandoned
C　[根据本句中的“the ship to avoid the effects”可知，船长操纵飞船以避免流星的影响。故选C。]
√
5．A．stuck B．involved
C．enveloped D．trapped
C　[根据本句中的“in a mysterious purple fog”可知，此处是行星被紫色雾气环绕、笼罩的状态。故选C。]
√
6．A．suffered B．avoided
C．repaired D．stopped
A　[根据本句中的“some damage during the touchdown”可知，起落架在着陆时受到了一些损坏。故选A。]
√
7．A．Unluckily B．Obviously
C．Suddenly D．Thankfully
D　[根据本句中的“we were all safe in the end”可知，虽然起落架受损，但是最后大家都安全了，这是值得庆幸的。故选D。]
√
8．A．scared B．troubled
C．refused D．welcomed
D　[根据本句中的“by a strange-looking landscape”可知，作者眼前呈现的是奇异的景色。故选D。]
√
9．A．shape B．surface
C．inside D．structure
B　[根据本句中的“of the planet looked like a barren desert”可知，行星的表面看起来像沙漠。故选B。]
√
10．A．argued B．predicted
C．realized D．explained
C　[根据本句中的“how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe”可知，作者在收集样本时意识到人类的渺小。故选C。]
√
11．A．problem B．angle
C．discovery D．change
C　[根据本句中的“here made me more curious about what else is out there”可知，每一个新发现让作者更加好奇。故选C。]
√
12．A．looking into B．setting off
C．carrying out D．holding up
A　[根据本句中的“the data collected”可知，此处应是研究收集到的数据。故选A。]
√
13．A．mask B．reveal
C．create D．keep
B　[根据本句中的“more secrets of Planet X”可知，作者迫不及待地想揭开X行星的更多秘密。故选B。]
√
14．A．culture B．conclusion
C．solution D．mixture
D　[根据本句中的“of excitement and exhaustion”可知，作者感到既兴奋又疲惫，这是一种混合的感觉。故选D。]
√
15．A．difficulties B．emergencies
C．adventures D．accidents
C　[根据本句中的“we would experience in the future”可知，作者不知道将来会经历什么样的冒险。故选C。]
√
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2026·广东肇庆模拟)
French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang'e 5 lunar samples，aiming to better understand the moon's early origins and its 1．____________ (form)．
formation
As part of its April 24 announcement，the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France，Germany and the US 2．____________ (borrow) Chang'e 5 lunar samples，further expanding global access to lunar research materials．
to borrow
Frederic Moynier，a professor at IPGP，3．____________ (transport) the Chang'e 5 lunar samples from China to his lab in Paris．He emphasized 4．____________ rarity of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon's near side 5．____________ had never been sampled before．
transported
the
that/which
According to Moynier，these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6．____________ (previous) thought．Using isotopic (同位素的) analysis，he's identifying origins of various elements 7．____________ (contain) in the lunar soil．His goal is to compare these findings with other missions' samples to fill gaps 8．____________ the understanding of the moon's history．
previously
contained
in
Long Zhengyu，a Chinese PhD student at IPGP，pointed out that foreign 9．____________ (laboratory) can provide analysis and testing conditions for the Chang'e 5 lunar samples from China．The project is more than just a scientific effort; it also 10．____________ (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了中法科学家研究嫦娥五号月球样本，发现月球火山活动持续时间比此前认为的要长，该项目是全球合作与知识共享的范例。
laboratories
serves
1．formation　[考查名词。作动词的宾语，用名词formation，不可数。故填formation。]
2．to borrow　[考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb．to do sth．表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to borrow。]
3．transported　[考查动词时态。根据上文可知，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填transported。]
4．the　[考查冠词。此处特指从月球正面北部地区采集到的这些样本的罕见性，用定冠词the。故填the。]
5．that/which　[考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词a northern region，关系词在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/which。]
6．previously　[考查副词。修饰动词thought用副词previously。故填previously。]
7．contained　[考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语，contain与逻辑主语elements构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填contained。]
8．in　[考查介词。短语fill gaps in表示“填补空缺”。故填in。]
9．laboratories　[考查名词复数。laboratory为可数名词，空前无限定词，所以此处用复数形式。故填laboratories。]
10．serves　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上文is可知，此处为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填serves。]
谢 谢 ！题型组合练(三十四)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·江苏南通一模)
In Morten Tyldum's movie Passengers，characters Jim Preston and Aurora Lane are on a 120-year interstellar journey with 5，000 other people to their destination：HomesteadⅡ，a new world to start their lives anew．To survive the travel，passengers enter hibernation (冬眠)，each one frozen in their own pod．However，something goes wrong and Jim and Aurora wake up 90 years too early．But what if we told you that hibernation for space travel is more likely to happen than the romantic story between Jim and Aurora
Hibernation is a state in which living organisms slow down their metabolic (新陈代谢的) processes while maintaining essential functions．Once inside these pods，astronauts will get drugs to adjust metabolism，reduce core temperature，and cause inactivity．Once back on Earth，they will wake up and gradually readopt their normal functional metabolism．
For going to Mars，astronauts would require about 30kg of food，water，air，and other supplies per day．Thus，hibernation can significantly cut down on their essential needs．Additionally，hibernating astronauts wouldn't get bored，stressed，or lonely，and less time and space would be needed to help keep them fit or entertained．
But this is merely the theory．Space agencies are investigating whether reducing body temperature and later inducing metabolism is a more practical option，while most research projects are currently focusing on animals．The question is：how can we evoke hibernation in species that are not normally doing that And this is why the research on rats，not naturally hibernating animals，is interesting．Research on bears is also important since their body size is more relatable to ours．
The concept is not being considered for the forthcoming Mars mission，but for longer missions to farther destinations such as the outer planets，it could be a very useful technology．Hibernation for humans is an ethically controversial concept，and critics may consider it as a mad scientist's dream．However，without such dreamers，humanity would still be in the Middle Ages．
1．Why does the author mention the movie Passengers
A．To advertise a popular sci-fi space movie．
B．To introduce a new approach to long space flights．
C．To explore the possibility of settling on another planet．
D．To reveal the potential dangers of long space travels．
2．What happens to hibernating astronauts
A．Their functional metabolism is disturbed．
B．They need more time and space for entertainment．
C．They lose the balance between basic needs and supplies．
D．Their physical and mental needs are reduced to a minimum．
3．What does the underlined word “evoke” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Initiate．　　　　　 B．Justify．
C．Define． D．Prioritize．
4．What does the author think of hibernation for humans
A．It may be a risky strategy．
B．It is a dream hard to realize．
C．It can advance social progress．
D．It challenges traditional moral values．
B
LignoSat，the world's first satellite made mostly from wood，reached the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX cargo capsule on November 5，2024．The palm-sized satellite，named after the Latin word for “wood”，will be launched from the ISS into Earth's orbit later．Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space．If successful，LignoSat could pave the way for more environmentally friendly spacecraft designs．
The LignoSat Space Wood Project is led by Japan's Kyoto University．The researchers began by sending a small panel containing three different wood samples to the ISS in 2022．The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to the Earth in early 2023．After analyzing the results，the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite．
“Nobody had ever thought about using wood for rocket science before，” said Professor Koji Murata of Kyoto University．“Many engineers thought wood was old technology and couldn't be applied to cutting-edge technology．”
The main reason for testing a wooden satellite is to reduce space junk．Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum．The metal reacts with oxygen when the satellites burn up in Earth's atmosphere at the end of their life cycle．This process releases aluminum oxide particles，potentially damaging the ozone layer．Wooden satellites，which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide，could help alleviate this issue．
“All the satellites that re-enter the Earth's atmosphere burn and create tiny alumina particles，which will float in the upper atmosphere for many years，” said Takao Doi，an aerospace engineer．“Eventually，it will affect the environment of the Earth．”
Researchers also see a future where trees could be grown on the Moon and Mars．Successfully testing a wooden satellite will demonstrate that wood can withstand harsh space conditions．
LignoSat will orbit the Earth for six months，gathering valuable data before burning up in the atmosphere．Murata and his team aim to use this information to design larger and more advanced wooden satellites and devices．
5．What is the main task of the LignoSat satellite
A．To provide supplies for the ISS．
B．To determine the endurance of the wood in space．
C．To test the circling capability of wooden satellites．
D．To confirm the size of the wooden satellite in space．
6．Which decision is made based on experimental results
A．Deciding the exposure time of the trial panel．
B．Sending different wood samples into space．
C．Selecting magnolia wood as the satellite material．
D．Cooperating with Kyoto University on the project．
7．What is the main environmental advantage of wooden satellites
A．They can be repurposed through recycling．
B．They will not release aluminum oxide particles．
C．They can control the amount of space waste overall．
D．They can be obtained as building materials in space．
8．What is the author's purpose in writing the article
A．To describe the process of making the LignoSat satellite．
B．To discuss the potential environmental impact of wooden satellites．
C．To illustrate the practicality and meaning of using wooden satellites．
D．To compare the features of wooden satellites and aluminum satellites．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·安徽芜湖二模)
As I sat in the spaceship，traveling through vast space，I was amazed by the greatness of the universe．
Our task was to explore a newly-discovered planet，Planet X．The journey was long and filled with 1 ．The meteors (流星) we met seemed to be 2 towards us like bullets．It was a(n) 3 moment，and everyone held their breath as our captain skillfully 4 the ship to avoid the effects．
Finally，we arrived near Planet X．Through the telescope，I saw a planet 5 in a mysterious purple fog．Landing on the planet was no easy task because the gravity was stronger than we had expected．Our landing gear (起落架) 6 some damage during the touchdown． 7 ，we were all safe in the end．
Stepping out of the ship，I was 8 by a strange-looking landscape．The 9 of the planet looked like a barren desert with fine sand shining brightly．As I collected samples，I 10 how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe．Every new 11 here made me more curious about what else is out there．
After 12 the data collected，we found that there existed some special chemicals on this planet．I couldn't wait to 13 more secrets of Planet X．As the sun set，I felt a 14 of excitement and exhaustion．It was a day of unexpected yet wonderful discoveries and I wondered what 15 we would experience in the future．
1．A．challenges　　　　 B．pains
C．differences D．joys
2．A．walking B．pointing
C．looking D．flying
3．A．relaxing B．stressful
C．boring D．exciting
4．A．escaped B．destroyed
C．operated D．abandoned
5．A．stuck B．involved
C．enveloped D．trapped
6．A．suffered B．avoided
C．repaired D．stopped
7．A．Unluckily B．Obviously
C．Suddenly D．Thankfully
8．A．scared B．troubled
C．refused D．welcomed
9．A．shape B．surface
C．inside D．structure
10．A．argued B．predicted
C．realized D．explained
11．A．problem B．angle
C．discovery D．change
12．A．looking into B．setting off
C．carrying out D．holding up
13．A．mask B．reveal
C．create D．keep
14．A．culture B．conclusion
C．solution D．mixture
15．A．difficulties B．emergencies
C．adventures D．accidents
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2026·广东肇庆模拟)
French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang'e 5 lunar samples，aiming to better understand the moon's early origins and its 1．____________ (form)．
As part of its April 24 announcement，the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France，Germany and the US 2．____________ (borrow) Chang'e 5 lunar samples，further expanding global access to lunar research materials．
Frederic Moynier，a professor at IPGP，3．____________ (transport) the Chang'e 5 lunar samples from China to his lab in Paris．He emphasized 4．____________ rarity of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon's near side 5．____________ had never been sampled before．
According to Moynier，these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6．____________ (previous) thought．Using isotopic (同位素的) analysis，he's identifying origins of various elements 7．____________ (contain) in the lunar soil．His goal is to compare these findings with other missions' samples to fill gaps 8．____________ the understanding of the moon's history．
Long Zhengyu，a Chinese PhD student at IPGP，pointed out that foreign 9．____________ (laboratory) can provide analysis and testing conditions for the Chang'e 5 lunar samples from China．The project is more than just a scientific effort; it also 10．____________ (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing．
题型组合练(三十四)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的理论及其研究进展。
1．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“However，something goes wrong and Jim and Aurora wake up 90 years too early．But what if we told you that hibernation for space travel is more likely to happen than the romantic story between Jim and Aurora？”可推知，作者提到电影《太空旅客》是为了引出下文关于太空旅行中冬眠这一话题，介绍一种长途太空飞行的新方法。故选B。]
2．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段“For going to Mars，astronauts would require about 30kg of food，water，air，and other supplies per day．．．Additionally，hibernating astronauts wouldn't get bored，stressed，or lonely，and less time and space would be needed to help keep them fit or entertained．”可知，冬眠的宇航员基本需求会显著减少，也不会感到无聊、有压力或孤独，用于保持健康和娱乐的时间和空间也更少，说明他们的身体和心理需求都被降到了最低。故选D。]
3．A　[词义猜测题。根据第四段中“And this is why the research on rats，not naturally hibernating animals，is interesting．Research on bears is also important since their body size is more relatable to ours．”可知，这就是为什么对老鼠的研究很有趣，而不是自然冬眠的动物。对熊的研究也很重要，因为它们的体型与我们的体型更接近。由此可推断，此处应为我们如何让那些通常不冬眠的物种进入冬眠状态？ evoke意为“唤起，引起”。故选A。]
4．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hibernation for humans is an ethically controversial concept，and critics may consider it as a mad scientist's dream．However，without such dreamers，humanity would still be in the Middle Ages．”可知，作者认为人类冬眠在伦理上有争议，批评者可能认为这是疯狂科学家的梦想，但如果没有这样的梦想家，人类可能还处于中世纪，说明作者认为人类冬眠可以推动社会进步。故选C。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了世界首个木制卫星LignoSat及其测试意义和环保优势。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space．”可知，LignoSat卫星的主要任务是确定木材是否能抵御太空的恶劣条件，也就是确定木材在太空中的耐受性。故选B。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to the Earth in early 2023．After analyzing the results，the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite．”可知，在分析了实验结果后，研究小组选择了木兰树的木材来制作卫星，所以选择木兰木作为卫星材料这一决定是基于实验结果作出的。故选C。]
7．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum．．．Wooden satellites，which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide，could help alleviate this issue．”可知，木制卫星的主要环境优势是它们不会释放氧化铝颗粒，而铝制卫星会释放氧化铝颗粒，可能会损害臭氧层，木制卫星仅留下水和二氧化碳，有助于缓解这一问题。故选B。]
8．C　[写作意图题。文章第一段介绍了LignoSat卫星及其任务，接着阐述了测试木制卫星的原因(减少太空垃圾)以及其环保优势，还提到了研究人员对木制卫星的未来展望等，整体都是在说明木制卫星的实用性和意义。故选C。]
Ⅱ．1－5　ADBCC　6－10　ADDBC　11－15　CABDC
Ⅲ．1．formation　2．to borrow　3．transported　4．the　5．that/which　6．previously　7．contained　8．in　9．laboratories　10．serves　

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