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(共35张PPT)
2. Whose birthday is it
Unit 8
Making a Difference
人教版 英语（八年级下册）
Section B
Vocabulary in Use
学习目标
01
02
能掌握并巩固本单元与自愿服务相关的词汇: success, elder, donate, pocket, effort, on the go, in need, hand out, ...
能通过短语联想、单句语境分析，准确理解词汇的语义，掌握搭配用法。
2. Whose birthday is it
01 词汇
Vocabulary
Watch a video
What do you want to do to make the world better
Lead in
What do you think you can do to volunteer and help others
Small actions and right words make a big difference!
Great. Today we will learn more words and phrases to talk about volunteering. Let's start with a word puzzle!
volunteer
填字游戏
根据纵向（Down）和横向（Across）的英文提示，在填字网格中填入对应的英文单词，确保单词拼写正确且符合网格格数。
Vocabulary in Use
Write the correct words in the puzzle谜题 with the help of the clues线索.
Down纵向
1. a polite term术语 for a man
3. a polite term for a woman
4. first in importance
6. full of energy and always on the go
Across横向
2. the worth or importance of something
5. a person who belongs to a group or an
organization
7. an organization that helps those in need
8. to look for something or someone
gentleman
lady
primary
active
value
member
charity
search
2a
on the go忙碌的；忙个不停
belong to 属于
in need 需要帮助的；生活困难的
Write the correct words in the puzzle with the help of the clues.
Down
1. a polite term for a man
3. a polite term for a woman
4. first in importance
6. full of energy and always on the go
Across
2. the worth or importance of something
5. a person who belongs to a group or an organization
7. an organization that helps those in need
8. to look for something or someone
A U
A
D
Y
R
I
M
A
R
Y
E B E R
TIVE
A R C H
H R I T
2a
Noun Adj.
volunteer voluntary
success successful
medicine medical
youth young
elder elderly
Change the speech of the words.
She is a ________ at the hospital.
Joining the reading programme is completely ________.
Complete the sentences with the correct words in brackets.
voluntary
volunteer
3. His hard work led to great ________.
4. He is a ____________ businessman.
success
successful
5. The doctor gave him some ________.
6. He had a ________ examination.
Complete the sentences with the correct words.
medicine
medical
7. She worked as a teacher of ________.
8. ________ people enjoy playing sports.
Young
youth
9. He is my ________ brother.
10. We should respect the ________.
elderly
elder
5. The doctor gave him some ________.
6. He had a ________ examination.
Complete the sentences with the correct words in brackets.
medicine
medical
7. She worked as a teacher of ________.
8. ________ people enjoy playing sports.
young
youth
2. Whose birthday is it
Vocabulary in Use
02 词汇运用
熟悉括号内单词，知晓其意思及词性
分析句子结构，判断所需词性：
形容词：修饰名词、作表语（放在 be 动词后）
名词：作主语、宾语、介词 / 限定词（each / some / the）后
Complete the sentences with the correct words in brackets. Then translate them into Chinese.
voluntary
volunteer
Joining the reading programme is completely ________. Each ________ helps to improve the reading skills and confidence of the kids. (volunteer, voluntary)
Everybody wants to be ________. But to achieve ________, you need to have a clear goal and stick to it. (success, successful)
successful
success
第一空：在 be 动词is后，且被副词completely (完全地) 修饰，需用形容词，选 voluntary（自愿的）。
第二空：在限定词Each后，需要名词，选 volunteer（志愿者）。
第一空：在be动词后作表语，需要形容词，选 successful（成功的）。
第二空：在动词achieve后作宾语，需要名词，选 success（成功）。
2b
medical
medicine
Mr Black had a ________ examination in the hospital. The doctor gave him some ________ for his throat. (medicine, medical)
She works as a teacher of ________ children. She believes the ________ of today will help to create a better future for all. (youth, young)
My ________ brother volunteers at the nursing home because he wants to help the ________. (elder, elderly)
young
youth
elder
elderly
第一空：修饰名词examination，需要形容词，选 medical（医疗的）。
第二空：在限定词some后，需要名词，选 medicine（药，不可数名词）。
第一空：修饰名词brother，表示 “哥哥”，用 elder（指同辈里年纪较大的）。
第二空：the + 形容词 表示一类人，the elderly是固定搭配，意为 “老年人”。
第一空：修饰名词children，需要形容词，选 young（年轻的）。
第二空：在定冠词the后，需要名词，选 youth（年轻人 / 青年一代）。
2. Whose birthday is it
Production
03 产出
熟悉方框内短语的意义，然后通读全文，了解语境。
匹配短语含义：从方框中选择符合语境的短语。
看时间状语、句子时态和固定搭配，判断动词形式（过去式 / 现在完成时 / 原形）。
调整动词形式：根据句子时态，把短语里的动词改成正确形式（过去式 / 过去分词 / 原形）。
Eleven-year-old Harry wanted to help out his community. He and his mum ________ with a local charity organization two years ago, and he has worked there once a week ever since to ___________ to people in need. He helps to _________ the kitchen and hand out hot meals to people. Harry realized that his work __________________ when he saw the smiles on the faces of the people he helped. Harry has even __________________ to the organization to help them buy food for special festivals! His work shows us that anyone can _________________.
signed up
provide aid
donated pocket money
make a difference
clean up
was worth the effort
two years ago，用一般过去时；sign up with an organization表示 “报名加入组织”。
to后接动词原形，表目的；provide aid to people in need “为有需要的人提供帮助”。
help to + v.原形；clean up the kitchen 与 hand out (分发) hot meals场景匹配。
主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也要用过去的时态；“他的工作是值得的”。
助动词has提示现在完成时，结构为has + 过去分词; “给组织捐零花钱”。
情态动词can后接动词原形。
2. Whose birthday is it
Language Points
04 要点详解
Language points
1. full of energy and always on the go 精力充 沛，总是忙碌的
(1) full 作形容词，意为“满的；饱的”。
① be full of ... 充满……
e.g. Her heart is full of love. 她的心里充满了爱。
② be full 吃饱了
e.g. I am full. I can’t eat any more. 我吃饱了。不能再吃了。
(2) on the go 为非正式用语，主要有两层含义：
1. 表示 “忙个不停；四处奔走”，侧重描述人持续忙碌的状态，
在句中作表语或状语。
2. 表示 “在行进中；在移动中”，侧重描述动作发生在移动过
程中，在句中作状语。
3. 语域：口语化表达，日常对话、非正式写作中常用，正式书面
语中可替换为 busy 或 in constant motion。
4. 句法功能
作表语：主语通常是人，结构为主语 + be 动词 + on the go 。
e.g. She is always on the go from morning till night. 她从早到晚总是
忙个不停。
作状语：修饰动词或整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句末。
e.g. We had a quick breakfast on the go. 我们在路上匆匆吃了早餐。
2. an organization that helps those in need
一个帮助有需要的人的组织
in need 意为“需要帮助的；生活困难的”，可指物质、精神或处境上的匮乏。
1. 作后置定语：修饰名词，置于名词之后，相当于定语从句 who / that is in need。
e.g. We should help people in need. 我们应该帮助有需要的人。
2. 作表语：置于系动词 ( be, seem 等) 之后。
e.g. After the disaster, many families were in need. 灾难过后，许多
家庭陷入困境。
3. But to achieve success, you need to have a ...
但要取得成功，你需要有一个……
(1) 〔不可数名词〕成功 反义词：failure 失败
success in (doing) sth 在（做）……方面成功
e.g. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。（谚语）
e.g. I sincerely wish you success in starting your
own business. 我衷心祝愿你成功开创自己的事业。
(2)〔可数名词〕成功的人（或事物）
e.g. What a great success his new book has made!
他的新书取得了多么大的成功啊！
【拓展】success 的相关词：
succeed v. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
success n. 成功
successfully adv. 成功地
e.g. Doctor Wang has succeeded in working in the hospital. He is a
successful doctor because he successfully saved many people’s
lives. We believe this operation will be a great success. 王医生在这所医院的工作取得了成功。他是一名成功的医生，因为他成功地挽救了许多人的生命。我们相信这次手术将会非常成功。
4. My elder brother volunteers at the nursing home ...
我哥哥在疗养院当义工。..
【辨析】elder与older
elder
older
（两人中）年纪较长的（尤指哥哥姐姐）
年龄较大的
较旧的
只能指人
指人
指物
用来比较年龄大小，尤指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，只能用于名词前作定语
在句中可作定语，也可作表语
e.g. My elder brother is two years older than me. And his bike is older than mine. 我哥哥比我大两岁。他的自行车比我的旧。
5. be worth the effort 值得付出努力
effort 作名词，意为“努力；艰难的尝试”。
(1) 作为可数名词，表示一次努力、尝试。
make an effort (to do sth) 努力(做某事)
e.g. You should make an effort to arrive on time. 你应该努力准时到达。
(2) 作为不可数名词，表示努力的概念或付出的精力。
with / without effort 费力 / 毫不费力地
e.g. She can solve the problem without effort. 她可以毫不费力地解决这个问题。
【拓展】spare no effort (to do sth) 全力以赴 (做某事)
put in effort 付出努力
e.g. She spares no effort to help her classmates with their English. 她不遗余力地帮助同学们学习英语。
They put in a lot of effort for the class talent show. 他们为班级才艺表演付出了很多努力。
6. He helps to clean up the kitchen and hand out hot meals to people. 他帮忙打扫厨房，还向人们分发热乎的饭菜。
hand out 是一个动词短语，意为“分发；散发； 给予”。
hand out 后面接名词作宾语时，名词既可以放在hand和out之间，也可以放在out之后。如果宾语是代词，如it、them等，代词必须放在hand和out之间。
e.g. The teacher handed out the papers to the students at the beginning of the class. 老师在课开始的时候把试卷分发给了学生们。
The nurse handed them out to the patients. 护士把它们分发给了病人们。
Summary
Unit 8 Making a Difference (Section B Vocabulary in use)
2. Whose birthday is it
05 课堂小测
Exercise
选词填空。
Harry is a young boy who is always (1) ________ to help others. His (2) ______ brother taught him to care for people (3) ______. Last year, Harry (4) ________ for a volunteer programme at a local charity. He uses his (5) __________ to buy food for the homeless. Every weekend, he helps (6) ________ meals to the poor. At first, it took a lot of (7) ______, but he never gave up. Now he feels (8) _________ confident in his work. He has even (9) ______ some of his toys to the organization. Harry believes that helping others is a great (10) ______. His story shows that anyone can make a difference.
on the go
completely success elder donate pocket money
effort hand out in need on the go sign up
elder
in need
signed up
pocket money
hand out
effort
completely
donated
success
Homework
Review the key words and phases in Unit 8
Do the related exercises.
2. Whose birthday is it
Thanks
for watching!

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