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少一英语学案22
一、重点单词
1. wonderland / w nd l nd/ n. 仙境；奇幻世界（短语：a wonderland of imagination 想象的奇幻世界）
2. fairy / fe ri/ n. 仙女；小精灵（短语：fairy tale 童话故事）
3. a tale/story of love and friendship
4. character / k r kt (r)/ n. 角色；人物（短语：main character 主角）
5. adventure / d vent (r)/ n. 冒险；奇遇（短语：go on an adventure 去冒险）
6. magic / m d k/ adj. 有魔力的；神奇的 n. 魔法（短语：magic wand 魔法棒）
7. strange /stre nd / adj. 奇怪的；陌生的（副词：strangely；反义词：familiar）
8. fall down rabbit hole
9. appear / p (r)/ v. 出现；显现（反义词：disappear；名词：appearance）
10. brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的（副词：bravely；名词：bravery）
11. clever / klev (r)/ adj. 聪明的；机灵的（近义词：smart；反义词：foolish）
12. have a long journey 进行一次长途旅行
13. a magic castle 魔法城堡
14. queen /kwi n/ n. 女王；王后（对应词：king 国王）
15. look into the mirror 照镜子
16. dream /dri m/ n. 梦；梦想 v. 做梦（过去式/过去分词：dreamt/dreamed；短语：have a strange dream 做一个奇怪的梦）
17. cheat /t i t/ v. 欺骗；作弊 n. 骗子（短语：cheat sb. 欺骗某人）
18. power / pa (r)/ n. 力量；权力（短语：magic power 魔力）
19. follow / f l / v. 跟随；追随（短语：follow the rabbit 跟着兔子）
20. enter / ent (r)/ v. 进入；加入（短语：enter a strange world 进入一个奇怪的世界）
21. grow /ɡr / v. 生长；变得（过去式/过去分词：grew/grown；短语：grow tall 长高）
22. trick /tr k/ n. 诡计；恶作剧 v. 欺骗（短语：play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人）
23. believe /b li v/ v. 相信；认为（短语：believe in oneself 相信自己）
24. hurry / h ri/ v.&n. 匆忙；急忙（短语：in a hurry 匆忙地）
25. curious / kj ri s/ adj. 好奇的（短语：be curious about 对……好奇）
26. surprise /s pra z/ n. 惊奇；惊讶 v. 使惊奇（短语：to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是）
27. an AI company
28. be filled with = be full of
29. walking stick
30. die - dead - death
31. TV series
32. fail- failure succeed - success - successful
二、重点短语
1. a wonderland of... ……的奇幻世界
2. fairy tale 童话故事
3. go on an adventure 去冒险
4. magic power 魔力
5. fall down a rabbit hole 掉进兔子洞
6. appear suddenly 突然出现
7. disappear quickly 迅速消失
8. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
9. be brave enough to do sth. 足够勇敢做某事
10. have a wonderful journey 进行一次精彩的旅程
11. in the magic castle 在魔法城堡里
12. look into the mirror 照镜子
13. have a strange dream 做一个奇怪的梦
14. the main character 主角
15. enter a strange world 进入一个奇怪的世界
16. grow taller and taller 变得越来越高
17. believe one's eyes 相信自己的眼睛
18. wish to live in Wonderland 希望住在仙境里
19. follow the white rabbit 跟着白兔
20. tell an interesting tale 讲一个有趣的故事
三、重点句型
1. —What’s your favorite fairy tale
—My favorite is Alice in Wonderland.
（—你最喜欢的童话故事是什么？—我最喜欢的是《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。）
2. Alice fell down a rabbit hole and entered a strange wonderland.
（爱丽丝掉进了一个兔子洞，进入了一个奇怪的奇幻世界。）
3. The Cheshire Cat can appear and disappear suddenly. It’s so magic!
（柴郡猫可以突然出现又消失，太神奇了！）
4. I wish I could go on an adventure in Wonderland one day.
（我希望有一天我能去仙境冒险。）
5. —Did you read the tale of Alice
—Yes, I did. It’s full of amazing stories.
（—你读过爱丽丝的故事吗？—是的，读过。它充满了令人惊奇的故事。）
6. When Alice drank the magic water, she grew smaller and smaller.
（当爱丽丝喝下魔法水时，她变得越来越小。）
7. It’s brave of Alice to face the Queen of Hearts.
（爱丽丝面对红桃皇后真勇敢。）
8. The White Rabbit was in a hurry and ran down the hole quickly.
（白兔很着急，迅速跑进了洞里。）
9. —Why do you love fairy tales
—Because they take me to a wonderful world of imagination.
（—你为什么喜欢童话故事？—因为它们带我进入一个充满想象的奇妙世界。）
10. Don’t cheat others, or no one will believe you.
（不要欺骗别人，否则没人会相信你。）
四、重点语法
1. 过去进行时
含义：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
结构：was/were + 动词现在分词（v.-ing）
① 肯定句：主语 + was/were + v.-ing + 其他
例：Alice was running after the White Rabbit at that moment.（那时爱丽丝正在追白兔。）
② 否定句：主语 + wasn't/weren't + v.-ing + 其他
例：They weren't playing games when I saw them.（我看到他们时，他们没在玩游戏。）
③ 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？
例：Were you reading fairy tales last night （你昨晚在读童话故事吗？）
常用时间状语：at 8:00 last night, at that moment, when/while引导的从句等。
2. when & while引导的时间状语从句
when：可引导表示过去的时间点或时间段的从句，从句动词可以是延续性或非延续性动词；主句动作和从句动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
例：When Alice fell down the hole, she was very scared.（当爱丽丝掉进洞里时，她很害怕。）
while：通常引导表示过去时间段的从句，从句动词必须是延续性动词，强调主句动作和从句动作同时进行。
例：While the Queen was shouting, Alice quietly left the castle.（当王后大喊时，爱丽丝悄悄离开了城堡。）
3. wish的简单用法
wish to do sth. 希望做某事（表示对未来的愿望）
例：I wish to visit Wonderland one day.（我希望有一天能去仙境参观。）
wish + 宾语从句（表示与现实不符的愿望，常用过去式虚拟语气）
例：I wish I could talk to the Cheshire Cat.（我希望我能和柴郡猫说话。）
五、写作指导（介绍童话故事/奇幻冒险类短文）
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 引出自己喜欢的童话故事/奇幻世界，点明喜欢的原因 Fairy tales are full of magic and surprises. My favorite fairy tale is Alice in Wonderland. It takes me to a wonderful world of imagination.
主体 描述故事核心：主角、关键经历、精彩场景，可结合“who/what/where/how”展开 The main character is Alice, a clever and brave girl. One day, she followed a white rabbit and fell down a rabbit hole. In Wonderland, she met many strange characters and had lots of amazing adventures.
结尾 表达对故事的感受，或分享自己的愿望 I love this tale because it teaches me to be brave and curious. I wish I could have such an exciting adventure too!
2. 范文示例
My Favorite Fairy Tale
Fairy tales are like bright stars in my childhood. They bring me joy and endless imagination. Among all the fairy tales, I love Alice in Wonderland most.
The story is about a clever and brave girl named Alice. One hot summer day, Alice was sitting under a tree with her sister when she saw a white rabbit in a hurry. She followed it and fell down a deep rabbit hole. To her surprise, she entered a strange wonderland. In this world, Alice met many interesting characters: the Cheshire Cat that could disappear suddenly, the Mad Hatter who held silly tea parties, and the strict Queen of Hearts who loved shouting “Off with their heads!” Alice grew taller and smaller after drinking magic water and eating magic cakes. She had lots of amazing adventures and learned to be brave when facing difficulties.
I think this tale is wonderful. It not only takes me to a magic world but also teaches me to be curious and brave. I wish I could go on an adventure in Wonderland just like Alice one day!
阅读理解
A
You may need a lifetime to check off the bucket list 人生愿望清单 of all the fun activities you can do in China, no matter you are nature lovers or history fans. Here are the top 4 things selected=choose for travelers to do in China. selection
Hike the Great Wall
Whatever your purpose of visiting China is, hiking on the Great Wall is always a must-do thing of your China tour. The Great Wall stretches 延伸；绵延 over 21,196
kilometers, across about 15 provinces in China. For travelers who love adventures, don’t choose regular sections like Badaling Great Wall and Mutianyu Great Wall, because the crowds will definitely surprise you. You could think about exploring Jinshanling Great Wall and Simatai Great Wall for a better hiking experience.
Travel from Metropolis to Ancient Water Towns
Shanghai will be a perfect choice for you to experience the rapid development in China. All the well-designed skyscrapers (摩天大楼) along Huangpu River will generously show you how modern China looks like now. Besides, you can travel from those modern skyscrapers in Shanghai to witness the profound Chinese history and culture in some water towns near Shanghai, such as Zhujiajiao Water Town and Tongli Water Town. Consider a connecting tour with Suzhou or Hangzhou if you have a flexible schedule 有一个灵活的计划.
Take Care of Pandas in Chengdu
If panda is one of the most influential factors 最具有影响力的因素 for choosing China as your travel destination 旅行目的地, you should consider the Panda Volunteer Program in Chengdu. Even though you can see pandas in some zoos in the major cities, the experience in the hometown of giant pandas is totally different. Here in Dujiangyan Panda Base, you can take care of pandas and closely interact with 亲密互动 those cute creatures.
Go Bamboo Rafting on Li River
Guilin makes a wonderful match of mountain view with water scenery for nature lovers, thanks to 多亏了 the famous Li River. Here in Guilin, you can enjoy the best karst sceneries along the charming Li River. If you think cruising is too normal, bamboo rafting will be a better option for you to experience the stunning views alongside.
Through a private tour, you will have more fun in China. If interested, you can click here to get more details.
1. Which will you prefer to do if you are attracted to nature
A. Hike the Great Wall.
B. Go Bamboo Rafting on Li River.
C. Take Care of Pandas in Chengdu.
D. Travel from Metropolis to Ancient Water Towns.
2. What are tourists recommended to do
A. Hike Jinshangling Great Wall and Mutianyu Great Wall.
B. Enjoy skyscrapers and water towns in Shanghai.
C. Sign up for the Panda Volunteer Program in Chengdu.
D. Take cruise ships or bamboo rafts to explore Guilin.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A magazine. B. A website. C. A text book. D. A brochure.
B
In middle school, I was one of the “gifted” kids. For those three short years, I felt like I was on top of the world.
Then high school began. All of a sudden, I was no longer at the top of my class. My papers were filled with corrections, not praise.
My parents didn’t understand. From what they had known about me when I was younger, they thought that I was perfect, and so I had to be perfect all the time. Their concern grew — they began to search for private teachers and would often talk to me, trying to find out what was wrong with me. My concern grew too — the pressure to live up to their expectations only became greater. I found myself worrying about school all the time. I even questioned myself — who was I, if not the perfect student
Watching Simone Biles pull out of the Olympics made me think of myself. Simone Biles was the GOAT (greatest of all time). If there was any person we knew we could count on to win, it was Simone.
Unlike me, Simone recognized the pressure she was under. She had the bravery and self- reflective skills to be able to realize that the pressure of perfection was too much for her. Simone Biles has taught me a very important lesson: to be the greatest person of all time, mental health must come first. Instead of getting down on myself for not becoming the best, I need to learn from Simone and be kind to myself by taking a break or even asking for help if need be.
4. How did the author feel in high school
A. Bored and tired. B. Nervous and anxious.
C. Confident and proud. D. Excited and surprised.
5. What can we say about the author’s parents
A. They had great expectations of the author.
B. They fully understood the author’s situation.
C. They managed to lower the author’s pressure.
D. They pushed the author to learn from Simone Biles.
6. How did Simone Biles influence the author
A. She encouraged the author never to give up.
B. She taught the author useful self- reflective skills.
C. She showed the author the true meaning of perfection.
D. She made the author realize the value of mental health.
7. What is the best title for this text
A. Pressure: how much is too much
B. Simone Biles: the GOAT of the Olympics
C. Simone Biles, me, and the pressure of perfection
D. How do schools improve the mental health of students
C
A new study has found that some of the hottest heatwaves in history happened a long time ago and were not well known. Scientists from the University of Bristol did this research and said that as our world gets warmer, 8. we can expect even hotter heatwaves in the future.
The study found five very hot heatwaves that were not talked about much. Dr. Vikki Thompson, who led the study, said that the heatwave in Canada and the United States was very surprising, but there were even hotter ones in the past. She also said that using what we know about the climate, we can guess that very hot days will get more common in the next 100 years.
Heatwaves can cause a lot of problems. The one in western North America was very bad and caused many catastrophes. It also started big fires that damaged many things and ruined crops. People will remember this heatwave because it caused so much damage.
Even though the hottest places are not always the ones that have the biggest problems, they are often connected. 10. Knowing more about the very hot days and where they happen can help protect the most vulnerable regions.
Professor Dann Mitchell, who also worked on the study, said that climate change is a big health problem for everyone on Earth. He pointed out that many heatwaves in places that are not very rich were not noticed. When a country gets very hot, it can cause many people to die, especially if the temperature is not normal for them.
The University of Bristol cares about the problems caused by climate change and wants to help fix them. In 2019, it was the first university in the UK to say that there is a climate emergency (紧急情况).
8. What can we expect about heatwaves in the future
A. They will decrease in amount.
B. They will only affect certain regions.
C. They will have no impact on global health.
D. They will increase in degree over the coming century.
9. What does the underlined word “catastrophes” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Cuts in food production. B. Events resulting in great loss.
C. Activities held by government. D. Something important to environment.
10. Why is it important to understand where the hottest heatwaves have happened
A. To predict where the next heatwave will happen.
B. To find the connection between heatwaves and crop yields.
C. To help take measures to protect the most vulnerable regions.
D. To determine which countries need to reduce their greenhouse gas.
11. What can we know from paragraph 5
A. Climate change has had a great influence on health.
B. The heatwaves outside of the developed world are always noticed.
C. The death rate related to the climate change is expected to be lower.
D. Developing countries are warned of the influences of climate change.
D
Whether it’s biting your nails, or going to bed at 2 a.m., we all have those annoying habits we just can’t seem to kick. But have you ever wondered why these bad habits keep winning the battle against your best efforts and intentions
Humans are creatures of habit, and our brains love doing things the same way. That’s why bad habits grow easily in the repeated actions like absentmindedly reaching for a cigarette. Another reason why your bad habits keep winning is that they often provide a quick dopamine (多巴胺) fix, creating a desire that keeps you coming back for more. Think of the immediate relaxation from a cigarette or mindless snacking. 13. The payoff for doing these things is quick and easy, which is exactly what makes them so hard to break.
So what can you do There are two main problems with breaking bad habits. First, it’s not as enjoyable as giving in to them. When we try to resist, there’s no pleasure, no dopamine and therefore no encouragement to keep doing so. Rather than trying to remove them entirely, try to replace them with something healthier instead, or create a reward system for yourself to introduce the positive behaviour.
Second, a habit is often an unconscious (无意识的) action, so making it conscious changes it into a choice. You’d better start with an intentional action. Accepting your actions without judgement helps you stay apart from the emotions that keep you tied to those habits, like guilt, shame and dissatisfaction. This increased awareness will lead you to make more intentional choices and break the automatic cycle of bad habits.
Knowing the psychology behind why your bad habits keep winning hopefully gets you to make more conscious, positive choices, and build the foundation for lasting behaviour change.
12. How does the writer introduce the topic
A. By listing numbers. B. By explaining a reason.
C. By voicing an opinion. D. By raising a question.
13. What makes bad habits hard to break
A. People’s desire to keep fit.
B. Little knowledge of their effects.
C. Quick and easy satisfaction provided by them.
D. People’s unwillingness to change.
14. What is a problem with breaking bad habits
A. It is a conscious action. B. It is painful.
C. It takes much time. D. It calls for wisdom.
15. What can help kick a bad habit according to the passage
A. Make active efforts. B. Judge your actions.
C. Ignore it. D. Turn to others for help.

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