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(共64张PPT)
Unit8: Making a Difference
What can we do to help
八下英语RJ
第1-3课时: Section A(1a- 4d)
有所作为
Language points
Making a difference
make a difference to... 对……有作用/影响
◆ AI has made a big difference to our life.
人工智能对我们的生活产生了重大影响。
make no difference (to...)（对…… ）没有作用/影响
◆ No matter what he does, it makes no difference.
无论他做什么都没用。
Look and share
1. What are the people in the photo doing
2. Do you think their actions are helpful How so
3. What are some ways you can help others
They are collecting rubbish.
Yes, I do. Because their actions are good for the environment.
give directions for strangers
plant trees
visit the elderly
look after animals at an animal shelter
Pre-listening
Match the actions with the pictures.
1a
clean up guide visitors visit the elderly
give directions plant trees sort waste
E
D
B
A
C
F
They are all .
volunteer work (志愿工作)
Free talk
A volunteer is a person who does something for others or for an organization willingly, without being forced or paid. Nowadays more and more people choose to be volunteers to make a difference (有作用；有影响).
Have you ever done any volunteer work
If yes, what did you do Do you still do it now How do you feel about it
If no, what volunteer work do you want to try Why
Interview 1
Interviewer: Excuse me, are you a volunteer here
Volunteer 1: Yes, I am.
Interviewer: How long have you been a volunteer with this football organization
Volunteer 1: Oh, I’ve been a volunteer since last year.
Interviewer: What do you do
Volunteer 1: Lots, really! I help the players and give directions. I clean up the stadium after matches, too.
Interview 2
Interviewer: Sir, are you a volunteer here at the art museum
Volunteer 2: That’s right!
Interviewer: May I know what you do
Volunteer 2: I guide visitors through the museum and provide information about the paintings.
You see, I’m studying art history at university.
Interviewer: That’s a good use of your skills! How long have you been a volunteer at the museum
Volunteer 2: Well, I’ve only been a guide here for two weeks.
Interview 3
Interviewer: Let’s talk to one of the volunteers with the beach clean-up organization.
Excuse me, Miss. How is the clean-up going
Volunteer 3: It’s going well! I’ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans since our team arrived this morning.
Interviewer: You’ve worked hard! Have you been a volunteer with the organization for long
Volunteer 3: Yes, for about seven years.
Interviewer: Wow! You must really care about the beach.
Volunteer 3: Yes, I think it’s everyone’s duty to look after it!
Listening scripts
Language points
... and provide information about the ...
辨析：provide, offer 与supply
三者均可作及物动词，意为“提供”。区别如下：
provide 多指为做好准备而“供给；提供” provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb
为某人提供某物
offer 多指“主动提出；自愿给予” offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
给某人提供某物
supply 多指大量“提供”物资 supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb
为某人提供某物
Language points
The hospital provides patients with the best medical care
in our city.
在我们市，这所医院给病人提供最好的医疗服务。
Our community offers the elderly free meals at weekends.
在周末，我们社区给老人提供免费餐食。
The charity has supplied children in need with books and clothes for several years.
该慈善机构多年来一直为贫困儿童提供书籍和衣物。
=provides the best medical care for patients
=offers free meals to the elderly
=has supplied books and clothes to children in need
... and provide information about the ...
Language points
“I’ve picked up three bags of ...”
pick up ①捡起；拿起
◇ He picked his cap up from the floor. 他从地板上捡起帽子。
②（开车）接
◇ I’ll come back and pick you up in half an hour. 半小时后我会回来接你。
How long have you been a volunteer
How long have/has+主语+过去分词+其他
用来询问动作或状态持续的时间，答语常用“for+一段时间”“since+过去的时间点/从句”或“since+时间段+ago”。
◇ —How long has he had the science fiction novel 他拥有那本科幻小说多久了？
—For three years. 三年了。
While-listening
1b
Volunteer Organization How long
1 a organization since
2 an art for
3 a clean-up organization for
Listen to three interviews and complete the table.
Tips: 听关键词，重点关注描述组织机构和时间的词汇
football
last year
museum
two weeks
beach
about seven years
组织；团体；机构
Listen again. Complete the sentences that different people say.
While-listening
1c
Interview 1
1. “Excuse me, are you a here ”
2. “I help the players and give . I the stadium
after matches too.”
Interview 2
3. “I through the museum and provide information about
the .”
4. “You see, I’m studying art at university.”
Interview 3
5. “I’ve picked up three bags of and cans.”
6. “I think it’s duty to look after it!”
劳驾；请原谅
volunteer
（名词）体育馆；运动场 复数形式：stadiums/stadia
directions
clean up
提供；给予
guide visitors
paintings
history
（装食品或饮料的）金属罐；一罐（的量）
bottles
= take care of 照顾；照管
everyone’s
Post-listening
Imagine that your friend is one of the volunteers.
Role-play a conversation.
1d
A: How long have you been a volunteer
B: I’ve been a volunteer for ...
A: What do you do there
B: Oh, many things! ...
A: How long have you been a volunteer
B: I’ve been a volunteer for one year.
A: What do you do there
B: Oh, many things! I help the players and give directions.
I clean up the stadium after matches too.
Summary
Listening: Interviews with volunteers
Useful expressions:
A: How long have you been a volunteer
B: I’ve been a volunteer for ...
A: What do you do there
B: Oh, many things! ...
Homework
Listen and read the three interviews.
Role-play one of the interview conversations with your friend.
Do some related exercises.
Look and guess
Look at the photos and guess what place it is.
It’s .
animals
animal & heart sign
adoption area (领养区域)
an animal shelter
shelter
庇护所；居住
An animal shelter is a place that takes in homeless, abandoned(被遗弃的), or lost animals. It provides them with food, shelter, medical care and helps them find new loving homes.
Free talk
What can volunteers do in animal shelters
Pre-listening
walk dogs (遛狗)
feed animals
take care of sick animals
train animals
find owners of lost pets
collect donations
捐赠物；捐赠
clean cages (笼子)
provide information about animals
Pre-listening
2a
Tick three activities you would like to do in an animal shelter.
In pairs, talk about your activities and why you have chosen them.
feed animals
provide information about animals
train animals
take care of sick animals
find owners of lost pets
clean cages
collect donations
walk dogs
Do you want to be a volunteer in an animal shelter
Yes, I love animals.
What would you like to do in an animal shelter
I’d like to ... because... What about you
I want to... because ...
Pre-listening
2a
In pairs, talk about your activities and why you have chosen them.
Do you want to be a volunteer in an animal shelter
Do you want to be a volunteer in an animal shelter
What would you like to do in an animal shelter
I’d like to find owners of lost pets because it would be great to see the owner and his pet be together again. What about you
I want to collect donations because the animal shelter needs donations to look after the animals better.
Language points
... you would like to do in an animal shelter.
(1)〔名词〕庇护所；居所
If you find a lost pet, you should take it to an animal shelter.
如果你找到走失的宠物，应该把它送到动物收容所。
(2)〔不可数名词〕遮蔽；庇护；躲避（风雨或危险等）
under the shelter of 在……的遮蔽下 take shelter（from...）躲避（……）
We had our picnic under the shelter of a huge tree. 我们在一棵大树的遮蔽下野餐。
(3)〔动词〕保护；躲避（风雨或危险）
shelter... from... 保护……免受…… shelter from 躲避……
Trees shelter the house from(=take shelter from) the strong wind. 树给房子挡住了狂风。
We must jump into action to shelter from(=protect the house from) the rainstorm.
我们必须立即行动来躲避暴风雨。
Language points
collect donations
make a donation to 向……捐赠
receive a donation from... 收到……的捐赠
They made a donation to people in that area after the earthquake happened.
地震发生后他们给那个地方的人们捐赠了物资。
The charity received a large donation from a local businessman.
这家慈善机构收到了一名当地企业家的大量捐助。
表示“大量/少量捐助”时，应用large/small
Conversation 1
Rose: Hi Robert. What are you watching
Robert: Oh, it’s a show about volunteering. It’s quite inspiring!
Rose: Hey, I’ve watched that before.
Robert: Really Did it inspire you to volunteer
Rose: Yeah. In fact, I’ve been a volunteer at an animal shelter for two years now.
Robert: Wow! What do you do there
Rosa: Well, I clean the cages and feed the animals ... And I look after the new dogs. Some of
them are in poor condition and need more care! And I collect donations for the shelter too.
Robert: Goodness! Hey, do you need help Can I volunteer too
Rose: Of course!
Listening scripts
inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
“状况不佳；状态差”（可描述人、动物或物品的健康 / 完好程度）
Conversation 2
Interviewer: Have you ever been to our animal shelter, Robert
Robert: No, I haven’t, but my friend Rose has told me all about it.
Interviewer: Have you taken care of animals before
Robert: Yes, I had a dog when I was young. I walked her, and I filled her food and
water bowls. Because of her, I learnt that every animal is special and needs love.
Interviewer: You’re right! Now, how often can you volunteer
Robert: About once a week
Interviewer: Perfect! Let me show you around.
Listening scripts
While-listening
2b
Listen to the conversations and number the questions in the order you hear them.
Conversation 1
____ Did it inspire you to volunteer
____ What do you do there
____ What are you watching
____ Can I volunteer too
Conversation 2
____ How often can you volunteer
____ About once a week
____ Have you taken care of animals before
____ Have you ever been to our animal shelter
Tips: 听关键句，重点关注一般疑问句和特殊疑问句出现的先后顺序
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Have you ever been to our animal shelter
辨析have been to，have gone to与have been in
have been to 曾经去过(某地) 表示去过某地，现在已经回来了。通常与表示次数的词（组）连用
have gone to 去了(某地) 表示到某地去了，说话时该人不在场（可能在途中，也可能已到达某地）
have been in 待在某地 常与表示一段时间的状语连用
Language points
While-listening
2c
Listen again. Complete the summaries of the conversations.
Conversation 1
Robert’s friend Rose has been a volunteer at an animal shelter for ______ years. She tells him about her _________ work there. She says she cleans the cages and ________________. She also looks after the new dogs and ________________.
Conversation 2
Robert wants to become a volunteer too, so he goes to the animal shelter and has an interview with a person working there. Robert tells the interviewer that he used to have a _____. His pet taught him that every animal is _______ and needs love. Robert offers to volunteer _________________.
Tips: 听关键词，重点关注表示时间和有关动物收容所活动的词汇
two
volunteer
feeds the animals
collects donations
和……进行面试
现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a person
面试官；采访者
过去常常做某事
dog
special
主动提出做某事
about once a week
Post-listening
Discuss the questions with a partner.
What inspired Robert to volunteer
Why do you think the interviewer wants to know if Robert has taken care of an animal before
What words can you use to describe Robert and Rose Give your reasons.
Would you like to be a volunteer at an animal shelter
If so, what jobs would you like to do
Robert was inspired by a show about volunteering and his friend Rose.
if引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语。此处if可替换为whether
Because the interviewer wants to know if Robert has experience of looking after animals.
Robert: Kind.
Reasons: He wants to help at the animal shelter after hearing about it, and he took good care of his own dog when he was young.
Rose: Helpful and caring.
Reasons: She has worked at an animal shelter for two years. She cleans cages, feeds animals, and collects donations.
Yes, I’d like to. I’d like to feed animals, walk dogs and train animals at an animal shelter.
2d
Fun time
( )1. --- Our class will the park this weekend. --- Great! I'd like to join you.
A. put up B. clean up C. get up D. look up
( )2. --- Your watch is so cool! When did you get it
--- On my 12th birthday. I it for three years.
A. buy B. have bought C. have had D. bought
( )3. My parents always me encouragement when I feel sad.
A. provide; for B. provide; with C. offer; for D. offer; with
( )4. People are different kinds of rubbish into separate bins.
A. sorting B. planting C. buying D. selling
( )5. --- How long have you been in the music club --- I was 12 years old.
A. For B. Until C. When D. Since
Exercises
基础巩固
单项选择
B
C
B
A
D
1. Volunteers believe that small acts of kindness can
make a (different) in people's lives.
2. The museum welcomes thousands of (visit) every year.
3. The dog ran to its (own) when he called its name.
4. Many people sent their (donation) to help
the children in need.
5. The (interview) asked the volunteer
some questions about her experience.
Exercises
基础巩固
用所给单词的适当形式填空
difference
visitors
owner
donations
interviewer
Homework
Listen and read the two conversations.
Try to retell with the help of the summaries in 2c.
Do some related exercises.
Free talk
What do you know about nursing homes Have you ever visited a nursing home What did you do there
A nursing home is a place for elderly people to live in. Staff there help them with daily tasks like eating, bathing and getting around. They also get medical care and take part in fun activities. It’s for seniors who can’t live on their own very well. It’s also called a care home or a rest home.
do some cleaning
do some reading
celebrate festivals
paper cutting
While-listening
Read the conversation.
Where does Teng Fei volunteer
Who does he help
Teng Fei volunteers at a nursing home.
He helps the elderly.
3a
Text analysis
While-reading
Ella: Hi, Teng Fei. What are your plans for the summer vacation
Teng Fei: I think I’ll do some volunteer work at a nursing home with my youth group. I’ve been a volunteer there since last year.
Ella: Oh! What do you do
Teng Fei: I exercise with the elderly to help them stay active. Sometimes I play Chinese chess with them. I’ve even taught some of them how to use a mobile phone.
Ella: That’s great. Do their families visit them often
Teng Fei: Some do, but not all. Many elderly people are very lonely.
Ella: That makes me sad. We’ll all be old one day too. It’s important to care for the elderly.
Teng Fei: That’s right! You know, they actually have so many interesting life stories and experiences to share with us.
Ella: Can I join your group of volunteers I’d love to help.
Teng Fei: Yes, come along! It’s fun to volunteer together.
plan for... ……的计划/打算
= old people’s home 养老院
青年团体
保持活力
此处的do替代上句中的“visit them often”
照顾老年人很重要
和……分享
would love/like to do sth 想要做某事
赶快；跟着来
Language points
... work at a nursing home with my youth group.
(1)青年 the youth 青年；年轻人
The youth of today seem to spend too much time on smartphones.
当代青年似乎在智能手机上花费太多时间了。
(2)青年时期 in one’s youth 在某人年轻的时候
Allen was an excellent football player in his youth.
艾伦年轻时是一名优秀的足球运动员。
(3)年轻；青春
The movie reminds her of her lost youth. 这部电影让她想起了逝去的青春。
Language points
... with the elderly to help them stay active.
stay（动词）
①保持（某种状态）其后常接形容词、副词、名词等。
The store stays open until late on Thursdays. 这家商店每个星期四都会营业到很晚。
②停留；待 Let’s stay in and watch a film. 我们待在家里看电影吧。
Sometimes I play Chinese chess with them.
play Chinese chess 下中国象棋
play后接棋牌类、球类名词时，名词前不加任何冠词。
play badminton 打羽毛球
注意：play后接乐器类名词时，名词前要加定冠词the。
play the flute 吹长笛
Language points
... taught some of them how to use a mobile phone.
“疑问词+不定式”结构
疑问词how，what，where，when等后可接动词不定式，在句中作宾语、表语等。
I’ll show you how to make steamed fish. 我将给你演示如何做清蒸鱼。（作宾语）
The problem is where to buy a theatre ticket. 问题是去哪里买戏剧票。（作表语）
We’ll all be old one day too.
one day 有一天
表示将来或过去的某一天。表示将来的某一天时可与 some day 互换。
The player hopes to break the world record one day.
这名运动员希望自己有一天能打破世界纪录。
One day, Ben found something strange on his way home.
有一天，本在回家的路上发现了奇怪的事情。
Language points
It’s important to care for the elderly.
care for
①照顾；照料 相当于look after/take care of。
She has to stay at home to care for her elderly grandma.
她不得不待在家照顾年迈的奶奶。
②喜欢
Allen doesn’t care for historical fiction novels.
艾伦不喜欢历史小说。
Language points
Yes, come along! It’s fun to volunteer together.
(1) 赶快 Come along! We’re late. 快点！我们迟到了。
(2) 跟着来
We’re going to the stadium. Would you like to come along
我们要去体育馆。你想一起去吗？
(3) 进步；进展
Your French has come along a lot recently. 你的法语最近进步很大。
(4) 到达；出现
A great job opportunity came along and I made the decision to take it.
一个绝佳的工作机会出现了，我决定抓住它。
While-reading
Discuss and say
1. How long has Teng Fei been a volunteer at the nursing home
2. What does Teng Fei do at the nursing home
3. Do many elderly people at the nursing home feel lonely
4. Why do you think Teng Fei chooses to volunteer at the nursing home
5. What does Ella think of Teng Fei’s volunteering experience
6. What will Ella probably do during the summer holiday
He has been a volunteer there since last year.
He exercises with the elderly, plays Chinese chess with them and teaches them how to use a mobile phone.
Because many elderly people there are lonely, he wants to care for them. He also finds their interesting life stories and experiences worth sharing.
Yes, they do.
It is great and she wants to join them.
Ella will probably join Teng Fei’s youth group and volunteer at the nursing home with him.
3b
While-reading
Read again and complete the table.
Teng Fei’s work Teng Fei’s and Ella’s thoughts
exercising with the elderly to help them with the elderly teaching the elderly how to Many of the elderly are because
their families don’t often.
We must the elderly. We will
all one day too.
We can learn from their .
stay active
playing Chinese chess
use mobile phones
lonely
visit them
care for
be old
life stories and experiences
Listen to the conversation. Then role-play it.
While-listening
3c
Checklist Stars
Speak fluently and clearly ☆☆☆
Beautiful pronunciation and tones ☆☆☆
Facial expressions and body language ☆☆☆
Full of emotion ☆☆☆
3d
Post-reading
Have you ever done any volunteer work Share your experiences with a partner.
Where do / did you volunteer
What type of work do / did you do
Why do / did you volunteer there
How long have you been a volunteer / How long were you a volunteer there
How does / did the work make you feel
What have you learnt / What did you learn
3d
Post-reading
Have you ever done any volunteer work Share your experiences with a partner.
Sample
I once volunteered at our local city library for about six months. I went there every Saturday morning. My main jobs were to put books back on the right shelves and sometimes help people find the books they wanted. I chose to volunteer there because I really love reading and quiet places, and I want to do something useful to help others. The work made me feel calm and helpful—I enjoyed seeing everything tidy and knowing I made it easier for people to find books. Through this experience, I learnt to be more patient and careful, and I realized that even a small job can make a big difference to the community.
( )1. Tom a volunteer at the local hospital since last year.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
( )2. She always exercises with her children them stay active.
A. help B. to help C. to helping D. helped
( )3. Many elderly people are very lonely their families don't visit them.
A. so B. or C. but D. because
( )4. --- Can I join your group of volunteers --- Yes, !
A. come in B. come along C. come out D. come over
( )5. It's important the elderly.
A. to care for B. care for C. caring for D. cared for
Exercises
基础巩固
单项选择
C
B
D
B
A
1. The (young) of today have more opportunities to show
their talents.
2. I will do some volunteering work at a (nurse) home
with my friends.
3. Doing sports regularly helps people stay (act) in daily life.
4. My uncle is the (own) of a cute dog named Lucky.
5. These (interview) asked me some easy questions
about my hobbies.
Exercises
基础巩固
用所给单词的适当形式填空
youth
nursing
active
owner
interviewers
Teng Fei is a kind volunteer who has been working at a nursing home since last year. Every weekend, he goes there to help the elderly. He often spends time 1. (exercise) with them to help them 2. (stay) active. Sometimes, he plays Chinese chess with the elderly to make them happy.
Many elderly people in the nursing home feel 3. (sad) because their families don't visit them 4 (often). Teng Fei knows it's important to 5. (look)
after them. He always listens to their stories and shares funny things with them, which makes the days 6. (colour) for the elderly.
Ella, Teng Fei's friend, also wants to 7. (come) along to volunteer. She says,
" The 8. (young) should learn to care for the elderly. We'll all be old one day, so helping them is like helping 9. (we). " Together, they plan to clean the yard and 10 (sweep) leaves for the nursing home next week.
Exercises
素养提升
用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，补全短文。
exercising
(to) stay
sad
often
look
colourful
come
youth
ourselves
sweep
Homework
1. Listen, read and role-play the conversation in 3a.
2. Share something about your volunteer experiences with your friend.
3. Do some related exercises.
Warm up
现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)的用法
1) Something that started in the past and continues in the present.
2) Something that happened in the past at an indefinite (unknown) time.
3) The time (when the action happened) is not finished.
4) The action of the verb has effects in the present.
Consolidate
The song of the present perfect has come here to say you're fine. When do we use it
If you use it for something that started in the past, that's still going at the present time. Like when I say "I've been your friend for years." It means we met some years ago and we're still friends, my dear.
The song of the present perfect has come here to say: Hey man! You can use it for something that happened in the past. …but you don't need explain exactly when, like when I say: "I've been to the UK" It means I went there in the past but you don't know what day. In the last few minutes I have sung this tune somehow. You have heard a minute of this song up to now. I have lost my words and I don't know what I can say. I hope I've made myself quite clear, with it now you can play.
The song of the present persent has come here to tell you that you can use at the time when a thing takes place but its time hasn't finished yet, like when you say:"I've been outside today", the night has not come yet - it's the same day so you can use it, mate!
Finally, the present perfect is really handy (and not a crime). when the action of the verb you are using has some effects in the present time like when I say:"Hey, look what I have done!" I have just finished writing you this song and you can hear it now! In the last few minutes I have sung this tune somehow. You have heard two minutes of this song up to now and after all of this I hope that you haven't got bored and the present present perfect for you is not a problem anymore.
现在完成时的歌谣已传唱至此，道一声你一切安好。何时使用它？
若描述始于过去且持续至今之事，便可运用此式。譬如我说"我们已为友数载"，意即多年前相遇，至今情谊未改，亲爱的。
现在完成时的歌谣在此唱响：嘿！它亦可叙述过往经历...无需确切说明时间节点。如我说"我去过英国"，只表曾经造访，具体日期不必明言。方才几分钟里我哼唱此调，此刻你已聆听一分多钟。此刻语塞难续，唯愿已阐明清晰，助你灵活运用。
现在完成时的歌谣此番前来告知：当某件事发生在未终结的时间段内亦可使用。比如你说"今日我出过门"，此刻夜幕未临——既属同一天，便可如此表达，伙计！
最后须知，现在完成时实在妙用无穷（绝非语法罪过）。当动词动作对当下产生持续影响时，比如我喊："瞧我做了什么！"刚为你写完这首歌，此刻你便能聆听！最近几分钟我即兴唱了这段旋律，至此你已听足两分钟。但愿这番演绎未令你生倦，现在完成时于你已不再成难题。
歌词解释
Consolidate
Grammar Focus
4a
Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently
Have you been to our animal shelter before No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.
Has she ever done volunteer work Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.
How long have you been a volunteer I have been a volunteer here for a few months.
How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.
for + 时间段 for后面接时间段，强调动作或状态的持续时间。
since + 时间点 since后面接时间点，强调动作或状态的开始时间。
Grammar Focus
辨析：时间段和时间点
试着说说哪些是时间点，哪些是时间段吧！
5:30 时间点
five years 时间段
three minutes 时间段
2015 时间点
May 5 时间点
two months 时间段
时间点指的是具体的时间，比如1点、4月7日、2026年12月；
时间段指的是一段时间内，比如说三点到四点，中间这一个小时就是一段时间。
Observe and think
Grammar Focus
观察句中动词，你能发现什么？
Have you been to our animal shelter before No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.
Has she ever done volunteer work Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.
How long have you been a volunteer I have been a volunteer here for a few months.
How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.
这些动词都是 延续性动词
Grammar Focus
延续性动词 与 非延续性动词
延续性动词 表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响，如 learn, work, live, know, walk等。
非延续性动词 也叫终止性动词、瞬间动词等，表示 不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后即刻停止，如 open, close, die, begin, come, go, borrow等。
用法
延续性动词 可以在现在完成时中与表示一段时间的状语连用，如“for+一段时间” “since+过去的时间点” “since 引导的时间状语从句（一般过去时）”或 “since +一段时间+ago”等。
My sister has kept these postcards since she was five. 我妹妹从五岁起就留着这些明信片了。
Grammar Focus
用法
非延续性动词 可以用于现在完成时，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
The old man has moved to India for two years. ( ) The old man has moved to India. ( )
在否定句中，非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
I haven’t heard from my friend for three days. 我已经三天没有收到朋友的消息了。
非延续性动词（短语）与延续性动词（短语）的转换
①直接转换成对应的延续性动词（短语） buy → have borrow → keep
put on → wear become → be catch a cold → have a cold
一个星期前他成了动物收容所的一名志愿者。
He became a volunteer at an animal shelter a week ago.
He has been a volunteer at an animal shelter for a week.
Grammar Focus
用法
②转换成“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”。
come/arrive/go → be in/at begin/start → be on finish/end/stop → be over
open → be open die → be dead leave → be away
close → be closed fall asleep → be asleep fall ill → be ill
come back → be back join → be a member of/be in
林先生到澳大利亚已经十天了。
Mr Lin arrived in Australia ten days ago.
Mr Lin has been in Australia for ten days.
Grammar Focus
Practise
1. The film ___________ (be) popular with the public since it _________ (come) out.
2. Tony ___________ (have) the bike for two years.
His father ___________ (buy) it for his ninth birthday.
3. Linda ___________ (borrow) the book from the library and
she ___________ (keep) it for three days.
4. We ___________ (know) each other since we were in middle school,
and we’re still best friends.
5. Lucy ___________ (not see) her aunt for months.
She ___________ (miss) her so much and wants to visit her this weekend.
用括号内所给内容的适当形式填空
has been
came
has had
bought
borrowed
has kept
have known
hasn’t seen
misses
Grammar Focus
Practise
1. The Whites have lived in the city for about twenty years.（对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ have the Whites lived in the city
2. The meeting has been over for half an hour.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
— _______ the meeting _______ _______ for half an hour
— _______, it _______.
3. Peter and Julie have been married for two years.（改为同义句）
Peter and Julie have been married _______ _______ _______ _______.
4. My pet cat died last year.（用since last year 改写句子）
My pet cat _______ _______ _______ since last year.
按要求完成句子，每空一词
How long
Has been over
Yes has
since two years ago
has been dead
Grammar Focus
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since.
1. This college student enjoys volunteering for the army.
She _____________ (teach) English to the soldiers ___________ three years.
2. I ___________ (be) a member of the Red Cross for six years.
I have made a lot of friends ___________ I joined the organization.
3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer ___________ two years now.
___________ he started working there, he ___________ (help) many students.
4. The organization ___________ (train) over 6,000 volunteers ___________
it began to offer classes three years ago.
has taught
for
have been
since
for
Since
has helped
has trained
since
Grammar Focus
4c
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
I love being a volunteer! I (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started, I (help) out at over ten different sports events. I (make) many new friends and I even
(meet) many famous athletes. For example, I (meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium (be) so big that they (get) lost. I gave them directions and they (smile) and (thank) me warmly.
I am proud to be a volunteer.
have worked
have helped
have made
have
met
met
was
got
smiled
thanked
help out 分担工作；帮忙做
慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业
为做……感到骄傲/自豪
Language points
... I have helped out at over ten different sports events.
help out sb (with sth) 帮助某人摆脱困境
◆ There are plenty of robots helping out in the factory. 工厂里有大量机器人在帮忙。
◆ Could you help me out with this heavy box 你能帮我搬一下这个重箱子吗？
... so big that they got lost.
so... that 如此……以至于
◆ It’s raining so heavily that I can’t see clearly on the roads.
雨太大了，我看不清路况。
so that 以便；为了 引导目的状语从句。
◆ He has to shout so that we could hear him.
为了让我们听清楚，他必须大声喊。
Grammar Focus
4d
Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class.
How long have you known your best friend/...
had your favourite toy/...
lived in your neighbourhood/...
A: How long have you known your best friend
B: I have known my best friend since we were six years old.
A: How long have you had your favourite toy
B: I have had my favourite toy for about 6 months.
A: How long have you lived in your neighbourhood
B: I have lived in my neighbourhood since 2020.
( )1. She has lived in this city 2015.
A. for B. since C. when D. until
( )2. My parents have been married 25 years.
A. since B. in C. for D. on
( )3. Tom in the library he finished his class this morning.
A. stayed; for B. has stayed; since
C. stays: when D. will stay: until
( )4. After the flood, the arrived quickly to help people rebuild their homes.
A. army B. school C. cinema D. library
( )5. The villagers welcomed the volunteers when they arrived at the village.
A. suddenly B. lately C. hardly D. warmly
Exercises
基础巩固
单项选择
B
C
B
A
D
1. The lady in red (be) a teacher in this school since 2018.
2. 1 (know) him for twelve years.
3. How long has your grandfather (live) in this village
4. The cat (stay) in the animal shelter for three weeks.
5. Many volunteers have been working for this (charity)
since it started helping poor children five years ago.
Exercises
基础巩固
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
has been
have known
lived
has stayed
charity
Homework
Review the grammar of this lesson.
Do some related exercises.

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