资源简介

　　Tom, a 60-year-old ranger, 1.　　　　　(guard) the forest since 1985. Each spring he tracks the annual migration of monarch butterflies, their orange wings 2.　　　　 living flames. He knows exactly when they migrate and their usual position in the canopy (树冠). One rainy dawn, he saved a 3.　　　　(trap) caterpillar from a muddy pit. “Hold your horses,” he whispered, moving it to safety.
Last summer, he encountered an eagle with a broken wing. Braving the 4.　　　　(element), he carried it to his accommodation, 5.　　　　 he nursed it daily. A 6.　　　　(photograph) captured the eagle resting on his shoulder. By winter, the eagle had made a full 7.　　　　　　(recover). Tom released it sadly, watching it circle twice before vanishing.
In autumn, he was shocked to find dozens of dying caterpillars poisoned by pesticides. Heartbroken, he measured the source of pollution: a chemical factory dumping waste into the stream, 8.　　　　　　(destroy) 30 per cent of the butterfly habitat. Backed by the local authority, he founded a team with a professor and a charity to seek a solution. 9.　　　　　　　(eventual), the factory was shut down.
This year, he witnessed 10.　　　　 breathtaking sight: the monarchs returned in greater numbers. For Tom, protecting these creatures wasn’t just a job—it was family, because in the end, we’re all connected in nature’s big story.
measure　vt.测量;估量,判定 linking verb(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为 n.措施;方法
(1)measure…by… 用……来衡量……
(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth
采取措施做某事
in full measure 最大程度地;最大限度地
[温馨提示] 当measure表示“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时,是系动词,没有被动语态。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选必三U3] Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures 　　　　　　(reduce) greenhouse gas emissions.
②Mark lives in a big pleasant room 　　　　(measure) approximately 5 metres by 6 metres.
③[北师选必一U2] Success is not measured 　　　　how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.
(2)完成句子
①[《雾都孤儿》] His kindness and generosity were repaid to him 　　　　　　　　　　　(最大程度地).
②It’s high time that we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(采取措施保护我们的自然环境). (应用文写作之倡议书) 　
determine　v.测定,确定;决心,决定
(1)determine to do sth　决心做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决定;决心
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2025·北京卷] Determined 　　　　　　(follow) my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.
②With unwavering 　　　　　　　　　(determine), she mastered the complex piece, her fingers dancing across the piano keys at the final concert.
③The 　　　　　　(determine) look in their eyes told us that nothing could make them change their minds.
(2)完成句子
①[《夏洛的网》] Having promised Wilbur that she would save his life, she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(决定信守她的承诺). (读后续写之心理描写)
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(决心要赢得冠军), the basketball team trained tirelessly to achieve that goal. (应用文写作之
记人叙事)
amazing　adj.惊人的,了不起的
(1)amaze vt.　　　使吃惊;使惊愕
(2)amazed adj. 惊奇的;惊讶的
be amazed at/by sth 对某物感到惊讶
be amazed to see/find/discover…
因看到/找到/发现……而感到惊讶
(3)amazement n. 惊讶,吃惊,惊诧
in amazement 惊愕地
to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was 　　　　(amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments.
②She previously explained that “you do not need to have an 　　　　　　(amaze) body to exercise…the goal is to feel good, not look good.”
③He was amazed 　　　　　　(discover) that his long-lost childhood friend was the renowned expert invited to our forum.
(2)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(对这景色感到惊讶), we longed for a closer encounter with the lake.
②[《爱丽丝梦游仙境》] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(让他非常惊讶的是), the locked door swung open with a simple touch. (读后续
写之情感+动作描写) 　
③[北师选必四U10] But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the long red hair and the eager, bright eyes, she 　　　　　　　　　　　(惊呆了). (读后续写之外貌+情感描写) 　
survive　v.活下来,幸存;幸免于难
(1)survive sth 幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来
survive on sth(=live on sth)
靠某物活下来;靠某物生存
(2)survival n. 幸存;残存物
(3)survivor n. 生还者,幸存者
[温馨提示] survive表示“(从地震、火灾、事故等中)幸存下来”时,为及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[上外选必二 U4] Some rules are universal for most natural disasters. Have a basic 　　　　(survive) kit to provide you with the most important things just in case.
②[人教必修一U4] Everywhere 　　　　　(survive) looked, there was nothing but ruins.
③[沪教选必一 U2] Islanders are struggling to survive 　　　　coconut milk and fish, and children are suffering from malnutrition.
(2)完成句子
Our friendship 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(经受住了困难时期的考验) and has grown stronger. (应用文写作话题之友谊)
effect　n.结果;影响
(1)have an effect/influence/impact on/upon…
　　　　　　　　　　对……产生影响
take(=come/go into) effect
　　　　　　　　　 　生效
bring/put…into effect 使生效;实行;实施
in effect 实际上,事实上;在实施中;有效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的;起作用的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The effect that the teacher’s encouragement had 　　　　　the students was remarkable, boosting their confidence and performance.
②[人教选必三U3] With such campaigns 　　　　effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
③[2024·北京卷] Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is 　　　　　　(effect).
(2)完成句子
[译林必修二U2] One year later, I can honestly say it 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(已对……产生了巨大的影响) me physically and mentally.　
recover　v.康复;恢复;复原;恢复常态;找回;重新获得;回收利用
(1)recover oneself　　恢复正常;镇定下来
recover from…(=make a recovery from…)
从……中恢复过来
(2)recovery n. 恢复;复苏;痊愈
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[《呼啸山庄》] He got up and rested for a while to recover 　　　　the blow.
②There were three factors playing roles in her quick 　　　　　　(recover) from the illness: appropriate medical advice, the right medicine, and enough rest.
(2)熟词生义
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. 　　　　　
(3)完成句子
①The surgery was successful, and I was relieved to hear that I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(会完全康复). (读后续写之心理描写)
②He froze when he heard the bad news, but after a moment’s pause, he took a deep breath and 　　　　　　　　　(镇定下来), forcing a slight smile. (读后续写之动作+表情描写)
shock　n.吃惊,震惊;剧烈震动;令人震惊的事;休克 v.使震惊;使惊愕
(1)come as/be a shock to…
　　　　　　　　　　　使……吃惊
in shock 震惊地
freeze with shock 惊呆了(动作)
frozen with shock 惊呆了(状态)
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;吃惊的
be shocked at/by… 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 对做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选必二U2] In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as 　　　　shock to many students.
②The news report presented the 　　　　　(shock) statistic that over a million marine animals die from plastic pollution annually.
③[《夏洛的网》] When Fern told her mother that Avery had tried to hit the Zuckermans’ spider with a stick, Mrs Arable was so 　　　　(shock) that she sent Avery to bed without any supper, as punishment.
④[北师选必二U4] When the dish arrives, he is shocked 　　　　　　　　(discover) that “steak tartare” is actually raw hamburger.
(2)完成句子
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Seeing the mess, their father 　　　　　　　　　　(惊呆了), as if rooted to the ground. (读后续
写之情感描写)
②[《呼啸山庄》] He didn’t recognise the tired, pale face in front of him and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(他震惊地站在那里) for a moment. (读后续写之外貌+情感描写)
concentrate　v.专注,专心;(使)浓缩
(1)concentrate on/upon…
　　　　　　　 　　全神贯注于……
concentrate one’s mind/attention/efforts/energy on/upon… 聚精会神/集中注意力/致力/集中精力于……
(2)concentration n. 集中;专心;浓度
(3)concentrated adj. 集中的;全力以赴的;浓缩的
[温馨提示] 表示“集中注意力于……”的短语还有:
fix/focus one’s attention/mind on/upon…
pay attention to…
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Having dreams means intense 　　　　　　(concentrate) on specific goals, which undoubtedly increases the possibility of success.
②He didn’t notice the teacher standing by his side, with all his attention 　　　　　　　(concentrate) on a book.
(2)熟词生义
The chef used a highly concentrated vinegar to create the unique sweet and sour flavour of the dish. 　　　　　
(3)完成句子
Kris’ heart raced with nerves, but Robin reminded her to breathe and 　　　　　　　　　　　(专注于) the task in hand. (读后续写之心理
描写)
● cut down　砍倒;削减,缩小(尺寸、数目)
cut off　　　　 　切断(水、电);中断;切掉;使……与外界隔绝cut out 剪下;删除;停止做(或使用、食用);突然熄火
cut up 切碎;使伤心;割伤
cut in (on sb/sth) 插嘴;超车抢道
cut across 抄近路穿过
[温馨提示] cut down 表示“削减,减少”之意时既可以单独使用,也可以加宾语,即cut sth down或者cut down on sth。如:
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
医生劝他少喝酒。
【活学活用】
用cut相关短语的适当形式填空
①It is impolite to 　　　　　　when others are talking.
②The town 　　　　　　　　from the rest of the world due to heavy snow last week.
③To improve your health and save money, it is highly advisable to 　　　　　　on junk food and sugary drinks.
④They had to 　　　　　　　a field to go to the station to save time.
⑤You’d better 　　　　　　　the last two paragraphs of your article.
⑥She quickly 　　　　　　some fresh fruits and arranged them neatly on a plate for her unexpected guests.
(教材P68) The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
我们对这种迷人的生物了解得越多,它在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。
the+比较级,the+比较级“越……,越……”
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
句中含有“the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构,该结构意为“(……)越……,(……)越……”,表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The more she thought about it, the 　　　　　　　　　(depressed) she became.
②Usually, the 　　　　　　　(strange) the idea is, the more it gets noticed.
(2)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(你对中国传统文化了解得越多), the more interested you are in it. (应用文写作话题之中国文化) 　
②[2024·全国甲卷] Judging from the pictures, Chinese transport has become more and more advanced. The more means of transportation there are, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(中国人的生活就会越方便). (应用文写作话题之交通工具)
(教材P76) It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
毕竟,我们才是它们世界的访客。
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+
句子剩余部分.
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
此句是一个强调句,被强调部分为主语we。强调句的基本结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.”,当被强调部分为人时,可用who来代替that。
【归纳拓展】
(1)强调句的陈述句形式
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分.
(2)强调句的一般疑问句形式
Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+句子其他成分
(4)“not…until…”句型的强调句
It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分.
[温馨提示] 强调句型用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分,不能强调谓语。被强调部分是人时,可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时,that后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] It’s these small acts of kindness 　　　　make a new country feel like home.
(2)完成句子/句式改写
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念) could make something unusual happen finally. (读后续写
之主题升华句)
②I didn’t find it really worthy of the reputation until I visited the place.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I found it really worthy of the reputation. (强调句)
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Doing regular exercise is good for your 　　　　　　(recover) from illness.
2.Her 　　　　　　　　　(determine) to succeed came from within, serving as a source of endless motivation for her to push through any obstacles.
3.The government is actively seeking 　　　　(effect) measures to address the issue of climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
4.He contributes a portion of his pocket money to charity 　　　　　　(annual), a small act that reflects his great kindness.
5.The tallest building in the image 　　　　(measure) approximately 200 pixels (像素).
6.The 　　　　　　(survive) rate of this endangered whale species has increased due to the protection of their habitat.
7.With his attention 　　　　　　　　　(concentrate) on his files, the professor didn’t notice someone entering his room.
8.The children stood in front of the magician, 　　　　(amaze) by his ability to make objects disappear and reappear, trying to figure out the mystery behind his tricks.
9.The government authority has announced a comprehensive 　　　　　(solve) to address the issue of air pollution in the city, outlining a series of measures to be implemented over the next five years.
10.The double rainbow appeared after the storm, leaving us 　　　　　　(shock) at the breathtaking view across the sky.
11.The resort takes pride in offering a wide 　　　　　(vary) of activities and comfortable accommodation, ensuring every guest finds something to enjoy during their stay.
12.The driver’s quick 　　　　　　(react) to the sudden crash allowed him to swiftly control his vehicle, avoiding a more severe collision.
13.　　　　　(freeze) with fear, Mia stood in front of the class, her hands shaking as she held her paper.
14.The ancient forest, home to many rare creatures, 　　　　　　　　(destroy) by the wildfire last year, leaving behind only ashes and memories.
15.He 　　　　　(eventual) got a position at the University of Hamburg where he was a professor of physics.
●Ⅱ 短语检测
1.Despite the harsh winter weather, the professor 　　　　　　　　　　　　(不顾恶劣天气) to walk to the campus, determined to give his lecture as scheduled.
2.　　　　　　　(毕竟), a good photo can capture more than just a moment—it can hold memories forever.
3.To protect the forest where eagles nest, the local government decided to 　　　　　　　　　(削减) the number of trees being logged each year.
4.Dogs, which are our best friends, are often used to 　　　　　　　　　(寻找) survivors in an earthquake.
5.Put your imperfections out of your mind and 　　　　　　　　　(专注于) what you value within yourself, and your beauty will shine through.
6.From finding it extremely painful to walk, to not being able to get up 　　　　　　　　(独自), Ted’s problem was worsening day by day.　
7.When I told them the news they all 　　　　　　　　(盯着) me in shock.
8.It is important to 　　　　　　　　　　　(对……表示尊重) others’ opinions and beliefs, even if we may disagree with them.
●Ⅲ 句型与写作
1.The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　was 　　　　　　　　　　leaving her comfort zone. (定语从句+表语从句)
她犹豫接受这个提议的原因是她害怕离开自己的舒适区。(读后续写之心理描写)
2.　　　　　　 we learn, 　　　　　　our vision will be.
我们学得越多,眼界就越开阔。(读后续写之主
题升华句)
3.I didn’t want to give them the impression 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (同位语从句)
我不想让他们觉得我想放弃。(读后续写之心
理描写)
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I realized dreams really did come true, and that all it took was a little courage and belief in oneself. (强调句)
正是在那一刻,我意识到梦想真的会成真,所需要的只是一点勇气和对自己的信心。(读后续
写之个人感悟)
●Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.She 　　　　　　(cast) a welcoming smile as the guests entered the room, making them feel instantly at ease.
2.　　　　　　(catch) in the heavy traffic, the celebrity missed the chance to visit the castle.
3.I was having fun 　　　　　　　(chat) online with my friend last night when suddenly the electricity was cut off.
4.When asked about his views on the matter, he 　　　　　　(choose) his words carefully to avoid causing any misunderstanding.
5.The student 　　　　　　　(choose) to represent our class said she would practise her speech every evening.
6.Mandy laughed and 　　　　　　(clap) her hands in delight, as the surprise unfolded before her.
7.Before the team meeting started, the project leader 　　　　　　　(clarify) their stands on the proposed plan.
●Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀mis-表示“相反”、 “错误”
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024·浙江1月考] …and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. 　　　　　
2.[2023·全国甲卷] But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket. 　　　　　
3.[2023·全国乙卷] In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. 　　　　　
4.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编] Kevin’s concern about the dog is that they may misbehave. 　　　　　
5.[《傲慢与偏见》] It would upset me, indeed, to see you again being misled by Miss Bingley’s pretended good opinion. 　　　　
●Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.blue
He wore a blue expression on his face, revealing the depths of his sadness and heartache.
　　　　　
2.branch
①[2025·浙江1月考] Grabbing a branch from a cut-down tree, he jumped in through the window. 　　　　　
②[2023·全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. 　　　　　
3.break
①[2025·浙江1月考] For example, it could be limited to designated areas during breaks. 　　　　　
②I didn’t know how I was going to break the news to my mother. 　　　　　
4.bridge
To bridge the gap between theory and practice, the professor included real-world examples in the lecture. 　　　　　
5.build
①[2025·浙江1月考] Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. 　　　　　
②She was of slim build with short, dark hair. 　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
　　假定你是李华,你校英语社团上周举办了“绿色校园行动周”(Green Campus Week)。请你以校园小记者的身份为校英文报写一篇新闻报道,内容包括:
1.活动的具体内容;
2.活动的意义。
Green Campus Week
Last Friday, our school’s Green Campus Week ended successfully. It 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(旨在提高学生的生态意识,将环境保护转化为行动).
During the week, a variety of activities were held. In the recycling challenge, classes sorted waste like plastic bottles. Our class even created/developed a simple “3-step sorting rule” for others to follow. On Wednesday, we planted over 50 saplings and 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(被教导如何给它们适当浇水,以帮助幼苗存活). We also attended a lecture 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(讲座中一位专家解释道;定语从句) that even small measures, like cutting down on single-use plastic, 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(能够对我们的校园生态有巨大的积极影响).
With over 80% of students participating, this event not only made our campus greener but also made everyone aware that 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(致力于资源保护是我们的共同责任;it形式主语). Let’s keep this green spirit alive!
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【语言素材】
惊讶的,震惊的 surprised/amazed/shocked/astonished/stunned 惊讶地 in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement
令人惊讶的,令人震惊的 surprising/amazing/shocking/astonishing/stunning 令某人震惊的是 to one’s astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement　
(因吃惊等)睁大眼睛的 wide-eyed 以惊讶的声音/语调 in a surprised voice/tone/in a voice filled with shock
(续表)
出乎意料的;意想不到的;意外的 unexpected 对……感到惊讶 be surprised/astonished/amazed at
不敢相信自己的眼睛 can’t believe one’s eyes 惊呆了 be frozen with shock/amazement; be numb with shock
惊讶得倒吸一口气 gasp in astonishment 震惊得说不出话来 speechless with shock
使某人感到惊讶 take sb by surprise 难以置信地 in disbelief/unbelievably
仿佛生了根似的站住不动 as if rooted to the spot 完全出乎意料 a complete surprise
【跟踪演练】
●Ⅰ 单句表达
1.The judges announced the winners, and 　　　　　　　　　, she had won first place.
评委们宣布了获胜者,让安娜(Anna)惊讶的是,她竟然获得了第一名。
2.Mum’s eyes 　　　　　　　　　　　, but a proud smile quickly spread across her face.
妈妈的眼睛惊讶地瞪大了,但一抹骄傲的笑容很快在她脸上绽放开来。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　, he couldn’t believe his eyes.
难以置信地摇摇头,他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
4.She stared at him, 　.
她惊呆了,直瞪着他。
5.We froze, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, our mouths dropping open in surprise.
我们僵住了,好像生了根似的站住不动,惊讶地张大了嘴巴。
●Ⅱ 语段表达
Emily awoke to the sound of thunder, and looked out of the window 1.　　　　　　　(惊讶地). The sky turned dark and heavy clouds were gathering rapidly. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　(令她震惊的是), a massive tornado was forming in the distance. She called out to her family 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(以震惊颤抖的声音), urging them to get to safety immediately. The sudden appearance of the tornado 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　(使每个人都大吃一惊).
Just moments ago, everything had been calm and peaceful. They stood 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　(震惊得说不出话来), unable to comprehend the rapid change in weather. It seemed like something out of a movie, not real life. Emily 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(不敢相信自己的眼睛) when she saw that her neighbour’s house lifted off its foundation and collapsed. The entire family 7.　　　　　　　　　　　(惊呆了), standing 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(仿佛生了根似的站住不动). The destruction was so overwhelming that Emily 9.　　　　　　　　　　　　(惊讶得倒吸一口气), struggling to find words to describe the chaos unfolding before her.
Unit 5　Into the wild
● 语篇词汇串记
1.has guarded　2.like　3.trapped　4.elements　5.where
6.photographer　7.recovery　8.destroying　9.Eventually
10.a
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①to reduce　②measuring　③by
(2)①in full measure　②took/should take measures/steps/action to protect our natural environment
(1)①to follow　②determination　③determined
(2)①determined/was determined to keep her promise
②Determining to win the championship
(1)①amazed　②amazing　③to discover
(2)①Amazed by/at the scene　②Much to his amazement
③froze in amazement
(1)①survival　②survivors　③on
(2)has survived the test of the bad times
(1)①on/upon　②in　③effective
(2)has had a huge effect/influence/impact on/upon
(1)①from　②recovery　(2)v.回收利用
(3)①would fully recover/make a full recovery
②recovered himself
(1)①a　②shocking　③shocked　④to discover
(2)①froze with shock　②he stood there in shock
(1)①concentration　②concentrated　(2)adj.浓缩的
(3)concentrate on/upon
短语储存
● ①cut in　②was cut off　③cut down　④cut across
⑤cut out　⑥cut up
句型透视
(1)①more depressed　②stranger
(2)①The more you know about traditional Chinese culture
②the more convenient Chinese people’s life will be
(1)that　(2)①It was his brave heart and strong faith that
②It was not until I visited the place that
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.recovery　2.determination　3.effective　4.annually
5.measures　6.survival　7.concentrated　8.amazed
9.solution　10.shocked　11.variety　12.reaction
13.Frozen　14.was destroyed　15.eventually
Ⅱ.1.braved the elements　2.After all　3.cut down on
4.search/look for　5.concentrate on　6.on his own
7.stared at　8.show respect to/for
Ⅲ.1.why she hesitated to accept the offer; that she was afraid of
2.The more; the broader
3.that I wanted to quit
4.It was at that moment that
● 语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.cast　2.Caught　3.chatting　4.chose　5.chosen
6.clapped　7.clarified
Ⅱ.1.错配,误配　2.畸形的　3.误解　4.行为不当
5.误导
Ⅲ.1.忧郁的;悲伤的
2.①树枝　②分部,分店
3.①休息,间歇　②透露,说出
4.缩小,消除
5.①培养　②身材,体形
● 写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
1.aimed to raise students’ eco-awareness and turn environmental protection into action
2.were taught how to water them properly to help the young plants survive
3.where an expert explained
4.could have a huge positive effect/influence on our campus ecology　
5.it is our shared responsibility to devote ourselves to resource conservation　
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.to Anna’s surprise　2.widened in surprise　3.Shaking his head in disbelief/unbelievably　4.frozen with shock　5.as if rooted to the spot
Ⅱ.1.in surprise　2.To her astonishment　3.in a shocked, trembling voice　4.took everyone by surprise　5.speechless with shock　6.couldn’t believe her eyes　7.was frozen with shock　8.as if rooted to the spot　9.gasped in astonishmentUnit 5　Into the wild
(限时:35分钟)
●Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2025·湖南常德高三一模]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:299
In birds, males are often the ones having showy, colourful feathers—the better to attract females. For example, male cardinals get bright red feathers, while females are pale brown. And the male white-necked jacobin, a tiny tropical hummingbird (蜂鸟), has a deep blue head and lively green back, whereas females are generally drab.
But not always. Researchers studying white-necked jacobins in Panama noticed that nearly 30 percent of the more than 120 females they caught between 2015 and 2019 turned out to be females that looked like males, while 2 years later over 40 percent did. A study published in Current Biology explains why. It turns out that copying male colouration helps female white-necked jacobins avoid being disturbed by other hummingbirds while feeding.
“The bright colouration on the bird is associated with attack,” says Jay Falk, an evolutionary ecologist. “Just looking like males seems to stop bullies, allowing females better access to honey.” Falk and his colleagues also wondered if the male-lookalike female jacobins were trying to attract mates by standing out from the drab females, or if they were competing with each other for honey. Falk and his colleagues turned to their next guess: resource competition. They found that the male-copying females appeared in front of the feeders more often and spent more time feeding than the drab females.
With such benefits, why don’t all females develop bright feathers It not only requires more energy and time to keep the feathers, but it’s also risky. Female hummingbirds are single parents, which is already energy-demanding. “On top of that, if you’re brightly coloured and sitting on a brown nest in a green tree, you’re going to stand out,” Falk says. “It’s much easier to be eaten.”
(　)1.How does the author introduce the topic
A.By proving data.
B.By answering a question.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By describing a situation.
(　)2.What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 suggest
A.Protecting jacobins is becoming urgent.
B.Current Biology proves to be of great value.
C.Bright-feathered female jacobins are on the increase.
D.Male-lookalike female jacobins are more adaptable to the environment.
(　)3.Why do female white-necked jacobins copy male colouration
A.To stand out to attract mates.
B.To get more chances to survive.
C.To compete with other hummingbirds.
D.To offer more food to other hummingbirds.
(　)4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A.The disadvantages of having bright feathers.
B.The significance of developing bright feathers.
C.The correct methods of keeping the bright feathers.
D.The environment of the bright-feathered hummingbirds.
B [2025·河北高三联考]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:348
Watching thousands of baby puffins (海鹦), known as pufflings, being thrown off a cliff (悬崖) is perfectly normal for the people of Iceland’s Westman Islands. This yearly tradition is what’s known as “puffling season” and it is a crucial practice. Puffins are charming birds and attract locals and tourists to visit them. But during puffling season, the focus shifts from merely watching to actively helping the young puffins.
The chicks of puffins hatch in nests on high sea cliffs. About six weeks after hatching, they will fly from their nests and spend several years at sea until they return to land to breed. Puffins have historically found the ocean by following the light of the moon.
But because of lights from towns near where the puffins nest, they can get lost. Instead of heading out to sea to fish and grow strong, the birds end up heading inland. They wander on the streets, where cars, cats, and buildings pose dangerous obstacles. So, many residents spend a few weeks in August and September collecting baby puffins that have crashed into town and then gently throwing them into the ocean.
According to Erpur Hansen, a local ecologist, the average puffin population in Iceland has decreased by 70 percent over the last 30 years. “While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed issue, what’s restricting puffin numbers most dramatically are rising sea surface temperatures,” he explains. Further worsening the issue, puffins also only lay one egg per year, and only after they’re 3-6 years old. That rareness, lack of food, and the legal hunting of the birds in Iceland all come together to threaten the population.
In fact, Hansen has suggested that if all factors continue on a similar trend, puffins in Iceland could be a thing of the past in a matter of decades. “On the upside, the last few years have seen something of a population increase, but that doesn’t mean it’s time to relax and it’s important to remain watchful to protect the birds, especially during puffling season,” Hansen says.
(　)5.What do people from Westman Islands usually do in puffling season
A.Watch pufflings thrown off a cliff by adult puffins.
B.Observe pufflings flying from their nests to breed.
C.Search for pufflings and release them into the ocean.
D.Celebrate the pufflings’ successful migration journey.
(　)6.Why do many puffins lose their way
A.The moonlight is hazier than it used to be.
B.They are misled by artificial lights inland.
C.They are born with poor sense of direction.
D.Natural environment is too complicated to adapt.　
(　)7.What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on about the puffin
A.The multiple factors causing its decline.
B.The impact of climate change on it.
C.The rareness of its breeding features.
D.The numerous challenges its habitat faces.
(　)8.What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph
A.There’s no need for long-term fix for the pufflings.
B.Puffins’ future is overwhelmingly discouraging.
C.Constant active intervention from humans is essential.
D.The puffling season tradition should be spread across Iceland.
●Ⅱ 语法填空
[2025·广西南宁第三中学高三模拟]
文体:新闻报道　主题:人与自然　词数:208
The China Wildlife Image and Video Competition, hosted by the Chinese National Geography, has long been 1.　　　　 event of great significance in the field of wildlife documentation. At an awards ceremony recently held in Beijing, 17 remarkable images and videos, which 2.　　　　　　　　(select) from over 37,600 submissions globally, deeply attracted the audience.
The competition, 3.　　　　　　(theme) “Spirituality of Mountains and Seas” this year, aims to enhance public awareness of wildlife and ecological conservation. Among the award-winning 4.　　　　　(entry), the work of Jia Haining’s team on Oriental storks (东方白鹳) in the Yellow River Delta stood out 5.　　　　　(noticeable). Their delicate piece of art beautifully demonstrated the region’s ecological harmony and species 6.　　　　　(diverse).
To film the dynamic moment 7.　　　　 the birds left their nests, they arrived at the filming site as early as 4:30 am. And they waited patiently for almost two months 8.　　　　 the young storks’ first flight! The judges praised their work as a breathtaking symphony of life.
Additionally, special awards for mobile photography and social media engagement were introduced to encourage 9.　　　　　(broad) public participation. The competition, as Dr Jane Goodall noted, has the power to inspire people, especially those who rarely have the opportunity to experience nature first-hand, 10.　　　　　(reconnect) with the natural world.
●Ⅲ 完形填空 [2025·广东肇庆高三二模]
文体:记叙文　主题:人与自然　词数:260
What happened at Empangeni Wildlife Reserve in South Africa was like a 　1　 from the film Madagascar: a herd of elephants conducted a daring escape, 　2　 some antelopes (羚羊) from their enclosed zone.
In June 2024, staff at the reserve were closely 　3　 the health conditions of the antelopes when they noticed several elephants slowly approaching and 　4　. Assuming that the elephants were 　5　 searching for hay (干草), the staff didn’t pay much attention to the gentle 　6　 at first.
Before they knew it, however, one elephant had 　7　 used its trunk to unlock and open the gate, setting the antelopes free. The staff were 　8　 as the antelopes rushed headlong into the 　9　 bush, with the elephants following closely behind as if they were playing a game. It took their caretakers several hours of 　10　 and chasing under the hot sun to finally settle the antelopes down and guide them back behind the 　11　.
Why did the elephants do this No one knows for sure and the reason behind their actions remains a puzzle. “But we know that elephants have a sense of 　12　,” says elephant expert William Macmillan of the Pittsburgh Zoo. He couldn’t hide a 　13　 in his voice. “Maybe they were having fun!”
And so, the tale of the elephants outsmarting the humans has become a legendary story at the reserve. It stands as a vivid reminder of the 　14　 nature of the wildlife and their astonishing, human-like intelligence, leaving the staff with a deeper appreciation of the 　15　 of nature.
(　)1.A.dream　　　　　B.scene
C.message D.photo
(　)2.A.calling B.gathering
C.sending D.freeing
(　)3.A.monitoring B.predicting
C.changing D.improving
(　)4.A.lying down B.turning back
C.nosing around D.jumping up
(　)5.A.hardly B.simply
C.exactly D.totally
(　)6.A.giants B.co-workers
C.strangers D.teammates
(　)7.A.tirelessly B.fearfully
C.comfortably D.skilfully
(　)8.A.overjoyed B.doubtful
C.shocked D.excited
(　)9.A.empty B.nearby
C.small D.dusty
(　)10.A.training B.cleaning
C.tracking D.climbing
(　)11.A.garden B.forest
C.centre D.fence
(　)12.A.humour B.pride
C.shame D.duty
(　)13.A.tear B.sigh
C.smile D.relief
(　)14.A.gentle B.playful
C.sorrowful D.rude
(　)15.A.dangers B.chances
C.origins D.wonders
A.词汇积累
1.drab adj.暗淡的,无光彩的
2.colouration n.自然色彩,自然花纹
3.evolutionary adj.进化论的,进化的
4.on top of另外;在……之上
5.dramatically adv.剧烈地,明显地;戏剧性地
6.documentation n.文件记载,文献记录
7.submission n.提交;屈服,投降
8.symphony n.交响乐
9.headlong adv.头朝前;莽撞地
10.outsmart vt.比……更聪明
11.legendary adj.传奇的
B.靓句借鉴
On the upside, the last few years have seen something of a population increase… (阅读B, Para.5)
【赏析】 本句为无灵主语句,即由非生命的事物充当主语。此句无灵主语(时间)与有灵动词(see)的结合,形成了 “时间作为见证者” 的拟人化修辞,将抽象的时间具象化,仿佛 “过去几年” 主动 “目睹” 了数量增长的过程。
【译文】 从好的方面来看,过去几年见证了(海鹦)数量有所增加……
Unit 5　Into the wild
●ⅠA
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。研究发现雌性白颈蜂鸟模仿雄性羽毛颜色可助其进食,同时阐述了不都进化出鲜艳羽毛的原因。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段“For example, male cardinals get bright red feathers, while females are pale brown. And the male white-necked jacobin, a tiny tropical hummingbird (蜂鸟), has a deep blue head and lively green back, whereas females are generally drab.”(例如,雄性红衣凤头鸟有鲜红色的羽毛,而雌性是浅棕色的。雄性白颈蜂鸟,一种小型热带蜂鸟,有深蓝色的头部和鲜艳的绿色背部,而雌性通常颜色单调。)可知,作者通过比较雄性和雌性鸟类羽毛颜色的不同来引入话题。故选C。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers studying white-necked jacobins in Panama noticed that nearly 30 percent of the more than 120 females they caught between 2015 and 2019 turned out to be females that looked like males, while 2 years later over 40 percent did.”(在巴拿马研究白颈蜂鸟的研究人员注意到,在2015年至2019年间捕获的120多只雌性蜂鸟中,近30%的雌性看起来像雄性,而两年后这一比例超过了40%。)可知,像雄性的雌性白颈蜂鸟的数量在增加。故选C。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“A study published in Current Biology explains why. It turns out that copying male colouration helps female white-necked jacobins avoid being disturbed by other hummingbirds while feeding.”(发表在《当代生物学》上的一项研究解释了原因。事实证明,模仿雄性的颜色有助于雌性白颈蜂鸟在进食时避免受到其他蜂鸟的干扰。)以及第三段“Just looking like males seems to stop bullies, allowing females better access to honey.”(仅仅看起来像雄性似乎就能阻止霸凌者,这让雌性有更好的机会获得蜂蜜。)可知,雌性白颈蜂鸟模仿雄性的颜色是为了有更多生存的机会。故选B。
4.A　段落大意题。根据最后一段“With such benefits, why don’t all females develop bright feathers It not only requires more energy and time to keep the feathers, but it’s also risky. Female hummingbirds are single parents, which is already energy-demanding. ‘On top of that, if you’re brightly coloured and sitting on a brown nest in a green tree, you’re going to stand out,’ Falk says. ‘It’s much easier to be eaten.’”(有这样的好处,为什么不是所有的雌性都长出鲜艳的羽毛呢 保持鲜艳的羽毛不仅需要更多的能量和时间,而且还有风险。雌性蜂鸟是单亲妈妈,这已经很耗费精力了。“除此之外,如果你颜色鲜艳,坐在绿色树上的棕色巢穴上,你会很显眼,”福克说。“这样更容易被吃掉。”)可知,最后一段主要讲了拥有鲜艳羽毛的缺点。故选A。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的“海鹦幼鸟季”传统,阐述海鹦幼鸟迷路原因,还分析了海鹦数量减少的因素及保护的重要性。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Watching thousands of baby puffins (海鹦), known as pufflings, being thrown off a cliff (悬崖) is perfectly normal for the people of Iceland’s Westman Islands. This yearly tradition is what’s known as ‘puffling season’ and it is a crucial practice.”(对于冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的人们来说,观看成千上万的小海鹦被扔下悬崖是再正常不过的事。这个一年一度的传统被称为“海鹦幼鸟季”,这是一个至关重要的做法。)和第三段中“So, many residents spend a few weeks in August and September collecting baby puffins that have crashed into town and then gently throwing them into the ocean.”(所以,许多居民会在8月和9月花几周时间收集冲进城镇的小海鹦,然后轻轻地把它们扔进海里。)可知,韦斯特曼群岛的人们在海鹦幼鸟季通常会寻找海鹦幼鸟并将它们放归海洋。故选C。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“But because of lights from towns near where the puffins nest, they can get lost. Instead of heading out to sea to fish and grow strong, the birds end up heading inland.”(但由于海鹦筑巢地附近城镇的灯光,它们会迷路。这些鸟没有出海捕鱼并茁壮成长,而是最终飞向了内陆。)可知,许多海鹦迷路是因为它们被内陆的人造灯光误导了。故选B。
7.A　段落大意题。根据第四段中“‘While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed issue, what’s restricting puffin numbers most dramatically are rising sea surface temperatures,’ he explains. Further worsening the issue, puffins also only lay one egg per year, and only after they’re 3-6 years old. That rareness, lack of food, and the legal hunting of the birds in Iceland all come together to threaten the population.”(他解释说:“虽然光污染可能是最明显、最容易被指责的问题,但对海鹦数量限制最严重的是不断上升的海面温度。”更糟糕的是,海鹦每年只产一枚蛋,而且要到3~6岁之后才开始产蛋。这种繁殖的稀少性、食物短缺以及冰岛对海鹦的合法捕猎,共同威胁着海鹦的数量。)可知,该段主要聚焦于导致海鹦数量减少的多种因素。故选A。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘On the upside, the last few years have seen something of a population increase, but that doesn’t mean it’s time to relax and it’s important to remain watchful to protect the birds, especially during puffling season,’ Hansen says.”(汉森说:“从好的方面看,过去几年海鹦数量有所增加,但这并不意味着可以放松了,保持警惕以保护这些鸟很重要,尤其是在海鹦幼鸟季。”)可知,因为人类的保护,过去几年海鹦数量有所增加,所以作者在最后一段中想传达的是“人类持续的积极干预是必不可少的”。故选C。
●Ⅱ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是由中国国家地理主办的中国野生生物影像年赛的情况。
1.an　考查冠词。event是可数名词的单数形式,表泛指,前面要加不定冠词,event的发音以元音音素开头,因此不定冠词用an,故填an。
2.were selected　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。图片和视频是被选择,由attracted可知句子时态是一般过去时,因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态,which指代的先行词17 remarkable images and videos是复数,因此空格处是were selected。故填were selected。
3.themed　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是aims,空格处用非谓语动词,competition和theme之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,作后置定语,故填themed。
4.entries　考查名词复数。entry是可数名词,获奖作品不止一个,因此空格处用复数,故填entries。
5.noticeably　考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词短语stood out,noticeable的副词是noticeably,意为“显著地,引人注目地”,故填noticeably。
6.diversity　考查名词。空格处用名词作宾语,diverse的名词是diversity,是不可数名词,意为“多样性”。故填diversity。
7.when　考查定语从句。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词moment指时间,因此用关系副词when,故填when。
8.for　考查介词。wait for是固定短语,意为“等待”,因此空格处用介词for,故填for。
9.broader　考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知,句子表示“以鼓励更广泛的公众参与”,空格处用比较级broader,表示“更广泛的”。故填broader。
10.to reconnect　考查非谓语动词。inspire sb to do sth是固定搭配,意为“激励某人做某事”,因此空格处是不定式to reconnect,故填to reconnect。
●Ⅲ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述的是2024年南非Empangeni野生动物保护区的一群大象智救羚羊的奇特事件,展现了动物间令人惊讶的互动与智慧。
1.B　根据下文“…a herd of elephants conducted a daring escape…”可知,大象实施了大胆的逃跑,就好似电影中的场景。故选B。dream梦想;scene场景;message信息;photo照片。
2.D　根据下文“Before they knew it, however, one elephant had…used its trunk to unlock and open the gate, setting the antelopes free.”可知,大象将一些羚羊从封闭的区域中释放出来。故选D。call呼叫;gather聚集;send发送;free释放。
3.A　根据上文“…staff at the reserve were closely…”和下文“…the health conditions of the antelopes…”可推知,保护区的工作人员需要履行职责,密切监测羚羊的健康状况。故选A。monitor监测;predict预测;change改变;improve提高。
4.C　根据下文“Assuming that the elephants were…searching for hay (干草)…”可知,起初,工作人员以为大象在寻找干草,由此可知,大象是在慢慢靠近并四处打探。故选C。lie down躺下;turn back转身;nose around四处打探;jump up跳起来。
5.B　根据下文“…the staff didn’t pay much attention to the gentle…at first.”可知,工作人员没有太注意这些大象,这是因为他们以为大象只是在寻找干草,不是在做其他事。故选B。hardly几乎不;simply仅仅,只;exactly确切地;totally完全地。
6.A　根据上文“Assuming that the elephants were…searching for hay (干草)…”可知,此处把大象称为温顺的巨兽。故选A。giant巨兽;co-worker同事;stranger陌生人;teammate队友。
7.D　根据下文“It stands as a vivid reminder of the…nature of the wildlife and their astonishing, human-like intelligence…”可知,这件事表明野生动物具有惊人的、类似人类的智慧,由此可知,大象是熟练地用它的鼻子打开了门。故选D。tirelessly不知疲倦地;fearfully害怕地;comfortably舒适地;skilfully熟练地。
8.C　根据下文“…as the antelopes rushed headlong into the…bush, with the elephants following closely behind as if they were playing a game.”可知,羚羊一头冲进灌木丛,大象紧跟在后面,好像它们在玩游戏,这种混乱的情况会使工作人员震惊。故选C。overjoyed欣喜若狂的;doubtful怀疑的;shocked震惊的;excited兴奋的。
9.B　这是在野生动物保护区的情境,结合下文bush可推知,被释放出的羚羊一头冲进附近的灌木丛。故选B。empty空的;nearby附近的;small小的;dusty布满灰尘的。
10.C　根据上文“Before they knew it, however, one elephant had…used its trunk to unlock and open the gate, setting the antelopes free.”可知,羚羊被大象释放了出来,因此看护人员需要跟踪并追赶它们。故选C。train训练;clean打扫;track追踪;climb攀爬。
11.D　根据上文“…a herd of elephants conducted a daring escape…some antelopes (羚羊) from their enclosed zone.”可知,羚羊原本是在封闭的区域中的,由此可知,看护人员是引导它们回到围栏后面。故选D。garden花园;forest森林;centre中心;fence栅栏。
12.A　根据下文“Maybe they were having fun!”可知,William Macmillan指出大象可能是在寻找乐趣,由此可知,这体现了它们的幽默感。故选A。humour幽默;pride骄傲;shame羞愧;duty责任。
13.C　根据下文“Maybe they were having fun!”可知,William Macmillan的声音里藏不住笑意。故选C。tear眼泪;sigh叹息;smile微笑;relief宽慰。
14.B　根据上文“…with the elephants following closely behind as if they were playing a game.”可知,大象似乎是出于玩游戏的心理把羚羊放了出来,这体现了它们的顽皮天性。故选B。gentle温柔的;playful顽皮的;sorrowful悲伤的;rude粗鲁的。
15.D　根据上文“…their astonishing, human-like intelligence…”可知,这些大象有着惊人的、类似人类的智慧,这会让工作人员更能欣赏大自然的奇迹。故选D。danger危险;chance机会;origin起源;wonder奇迹。(共141张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the wild
Tom, a 60-year-old ranger, 1.　　　 　　(guard) the forest since
1985. Each spring he tracks the annual migration of monarch
butterflies, their orange wings 2.　　　　 living flames. He knows
exactly when they migrate and their usual position in the canopy
(树冠). One rainy dawn, he saved a 3.　　　　(trap) caterpillar from
a muddy pit. “Hold your horses,” he whispered, moving it to safety.
like
has guarded
trapped
Last summer, he encountered an eagle with a broken wing.
Braving the 4.　　　 　(element), he carried it to his accommodation,
5.　　　　 he nursed it daily. A 6.　　　　 (photograph) captured
the eagle resting on his shoulder. By winter, the eagle had made a
full 7.　　　　　　(recover). Tom released it sadly, watching it circle
twice before vanishing.
elements
where
photographer
recovery
In autumn, he was shocked to find dozens of dying caterpillars
poisoned by pesticides. Heartbroken, he measured the source of
pollution: a chemical factory dumping waste into the stream,
8.　　　　　　(destroy) 30 per cent of the butterfly habitat.
Backed by the local authority, he founded a team with a professor
and a charity to seek a solution. 9.　　　　　　(eventual), the
factory was shut down.
destroying
Eventually
This year, he witnessed 10.　　　　 breathtaking sight: the
monarchs returned in greater numbers. For Tom, protecting these
creatures wasn’t just a job—it was family, because in the end, we’re
all connected in nature’s big story.
a
1 measure vt.测量;估量,判定;linking verb(指尺寸、长短、数量等)
量度为 n.措施;方法
(1)measure…by… 用……来衡量……
(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth
采取措施做某事
in full measure 最大程度地;最大限度地
[温馨提示] 当measure表示“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时,是
系动词,没有被动语态。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选必三U3] Governments need to consider making policies
and taking appropriate actions and measures __________(reduce)
greenhouse gas emissions.
②Mark lives in a big pleasant room ___________(measure)
approximately 5 metres by 6 metres.
③[北师选必一U2] Success is not measured ____ how much
money you have but by how you understand the true meaning
of life.
to reduce
measuring
by
(2)完成句子
①[《雾都孤儿》] His kindness and generosity were repaid to
him _______________(最大程度地).
in full measure
②It's high time that we ____________________________________
_________________________________(采取措施保护我们的自然环境).
(应用文写作之倡议书)
took/should take measures/steps/action
to protect our natural environment
2 determine v.测定,确定;决心,决定
(1)determine to do sth 决心做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决定;决心
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2025·北京卷] Determined 　　　　　　(follow) my instincts (本能)
on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew
I would enjoy.
②With unwavering 　　　　　 　(determine), she mastered the
complex piece, her fingers dancing across the piano keys at the
final concert.
determination
to follow
③The ____________(determine) look in their eyes told us that
nothing could make them change their minds.
(2)完成句子
①[《夏洛的网》] Having promised Wilbur that she would
save his life, she ___________________________________________
(决定信守自己的承诺). (读后续写之心理描写)
②___________________________________(决心要赢得冠军), the
basketball teamtrained tirelessly to achieve that goal. (应用文写作
之记人叙事)
determined
determined/was determined to keep her promise
Determined to win the championship
3 amazing adj.惊人的,了不起的
(1)amaze vt. 使吃惊;使惊愕
(2)amazed adj. 惊奇的;惊讶的
be amazed at/by sth 对某物感到惊讶
be amazed to see/find/discover…
因看到/找到/发现……而感到惊讶
(3)amazement n. 惊讶,吃惊,惊异
in amazement 惊愕地
to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient
Chinese practice, and was _________(amaze) that he improved
after two or three treatments.
②She previously explained that “you do not need to have an
　　　　(amaze) body to exercise…the goal is to feel good, not
look good.”
amazed
amazing
③He was amazed 　　　　　　(discover) that his long-lost childhood
friend was the renowned expert invited to our forum.
to discover
(2)完成句子
①________________________(对这景色感到惊讶), we longed for a
closer encounter with the lake.
Amazed by/at the scene
②[《爱丽丝梦游仙境》] ________________________(让他非常惊讶
的是), the locked door swung open with a simple touch.
(读后续写之情感+动作描写)
Much to his amazement
③[北师选必四U10] But when her eyes fell on the odd little
figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the long red hair and the
eager, bright eyes, she ____________________(惊呆了).
(读后续写之外貌+情感描写)
froze in amazement
4 survive v.活下来,幸存;幸免于难
(1)survive sth 幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来
survive on sth(=live on sth) 靠某物活下来;靠某物生存
(2)survival n. 幸存;残存物
(3)survivor n. 生还者,幸存者
[温馨提示] survive表示“(从地震、火灾、事故等中)幸存下来”时,
为及物动词,其后不可接介词from或in。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[上外选必二 U4] Some rules are universal for most natural disasters.
Have a basic 　　　　(survive) kit to provide you with the most
important things just in case.
②[人教必修一U4] Everywhere 　　　　　(survive) looked, there
was nothing but ruins.
③[沪教选必一 U2] Islanders are struggling to survive 　　　 　
coconut milk and fish, and children are suffering from malnutrition.
survival
survivors
on
(2)完成句子
Our friendship _____________________________________(经受住了
困难时期的考验) and has grown stronger. (应用文写作话题之友谊)
has survived the test of the bad times
5 effect n.结果;影响
(1)have an effect/influence/impact on/upon…
对……产生影响
take(=come/go into) effect 生效
bring/put…into effect 使生效;实行;实施
in effect 实际上,事实上;在实施中;有效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的;起作用的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The effect that the teacher's encouragement had _________
the students was remarkable, boosting their confidence and
performance.
②[人教选必三U3] With such campaigns ___ effect, China's
waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
on/upon
in
③[2024·北京卷] Each pair of students meets three times throughout
the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is 　　　　　　
(effect).
(2)完成句子
[译林必修二U2] One year later, I can honestly say it
_______________________________________(已对……产生了巨大
的影响) me physically and mentally.
has had
a huge effect/influence/impact on/upon
effective
6 recover v.康复;恢复;复原;恢复常态;找回;重新获得;回收利用
(1)recover oneself 恢复正常;镇定下来
recover from…(=make a recovery from…)
从……中恢复过来
(2)recovery n. 恢复;复苏;痊愈
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[《呼啸山庄》] He got up and rested for a while to
recover ______ the blow.
from
②There were three factors playing roles in her quick _________
(recover) from the illness: appropriate medical advice, the right
medicine, and enough rest.
recovery
(2)熟词生义
[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in
Washington D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy
meals. ____________
v.回收利用
(3)完成句子
The surgery was successful, and I was relieved to hear that I 　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　(会完全康复). (读后续写之心理描写)
②He froze when he heard the bad news, but after a moment’s pause,
he took a deep breath and 　　　　　　　　　(镇定下来), forcing a
slight smile. (读后续写之动作+表情描写)
would
fully recover/make a full recovery
recovered himself
7 shock n.吃惊,震惊;剧烈震动;令人震惊的事;休克 v.使震惊;使惊愕
(1)come as/be a shock to… 使……吃惊
in shock 震惊地
freeze with shock 惊呆了(动作)
frozen with shock 惊呆了(状态)
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的;吃惊的
be shocked at/by… 对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do sth 对做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[人教选必二U2] In addition, different approaches to teaching
and learning may come as ___shock to many students.
②The news report presented the 　　　　　(shock) statistic that
over a million marine animals die from plastic pollution annually.
a
shocking
③[《夏洛的网》] When Fern told her mother that Avery had
tried to hit the Zuckermans' spider with a stick, Mrs Arable was
so _________(shock) that she sent Avery to bed without any
supper, as punishment.
shocked
④[北师选必二U4] When the dish arrives, he is shocked
____________(discover) that “steak tartare” is actually raw
hamburger.
to discover
(2)完成句子
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Seeing the mess, their father
_________________(惊呆了), as if rooted to the ground.
(读后续写之情感描写)
froze with shock
②[《呼啸山庄》] He didn't recognise the tired, pale face in
front of him and ________________________(他震惊地站在那里)
for a moment. (读后续写之外貌+情感描写)
he stood there in shock
8 concentrate v.专注,专心;(使)浓缩
(1)concentrate on/upon… 全神贯注于……
concentrate one's mind/attention/efforts/energy on/upon…
聚精会神/集中注意力/致力/集中精力于……
(2)concentration n. 集中;专心;浓度
(3)concentrated adj. 集中的;全力以赴的;浓缩的
[温馨提示] 表示“集中注意力于……”的短语还有:
fix/focus one's attention/mind on/upon…
pay attention to…
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Having dreams means intense ______________(concentrate) on
specific goals, which undoubtedly increases the possibility of
success.
concentration
②He didn't notice the teacher standing by his side, with all his
attention _____________(concentrate) on a book.
concentrated
(2)熟词生义
The chef used a highly concentrated vinegar to create the unique
sweet and sour flavour of the dish. 　　　　　
(3)完成句子
Kris' heart raced with nerves, but Robin reminded her to
breathe and ____________________(专注于) the task in hand.
(读后续写之心理描写)
concentrate on/upon
adj.浓缩的
cut down 砍倒;削减,缩小(尺寸、数目)
cut off 切断(水、电);中断;切掉;使……与外界隔绝
cut out 剪下;删除;停止做(或使用、食用);突然熄火
cut up 切碎;使伤心;割伤
cut in (on sb/sth) 插嘴;超车抢道
cut across 抄近路穿过
[温馨提示] cut down 表示“削减,减少”之意时既可以单独使用,也
可以加宾语,即cut sth down或者cut down on sth。如:
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
医生劝他少喝酒。
【活学活用】
用cut相关短语的适当形式填空
①It is impolite to _______ when others are talking.
②The town ____________ from the rest of the world due to
heavy snow last week.
③To improve your health and save money, it is highly advisable to 　　　　　　___________ on junk food and sugary drinks.
cut in
was cut off
cut down
④They had to ___________ a field to go to the station to save
time.
⑤You'd better ________ the last two paragraphs of your article.
⑥She quickly ___________ some fresh fruits and arranged them neatly on a plate for her unexpected guests.
cut across
cut out
cut up
1(教材P68) The more we know about this lovely creature, the
greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the
natural world for a long time to come.
我们对这种迷人的生物了解得越多,它在自然界中得以长久生存并保
持其位置的可能性就越大。
句型公式
the+比较级,the+比较级“越……,越……”
【句式点拨】
句中含有“the+比较级(+主语+谓语),the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构,
该结构意为“(……)越……,(……)越……”,表示后者随着前者的变化
而变化。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The more she thought about it, the ________________
(depressed) she became.
②Usually, the _________(strange) the idea is, the more it gets
noticed.
more depressed
stranger
(2)完成句子
①__________________________________________________
(你对中国传统文化了解得越多), the more interested you are in it.
(应用文写作话题之中国文化)
②[2024·全国甲卷] Judging from the pictures, Chinese transport has
become more and more advanced. The more means of transportation
there are, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(中国人的生活就会越方便). (应用文写作话题之交通工具)
The more you know about traditional Chinese culture
the more convenient Chinese people’s life will be
2 (教材P76) It is after all we who are the visitors to their
world.
毕竟,我们才是它们世界的访客。
句型公式
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.
【句式点拨】
此句是一个强调句,被强调部分为主语we。强调句的基本结构是“It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分.”,当被强调部分为人时,
可用who来代替that。
【归纳拓展】
(1)强调句的陈述句形式
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分.
(2)强调句的一般疑问句形式
Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式
特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+句子其他成分
(4)“not…until…”句型的强调句
It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分.
[温馨提示] 强调句型用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分,不能强调
谓语。被强调部分是人时,可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that。强
调主语时,that后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] It's these small acts of kindness _____ make
a new country feel like home.
that
(2)完成句子/句式改写
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] _________________________
_________________(正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念) could make
something unusual happen finally. (读后续写之主题升华句)
It was his brave heart and strong faith that
②I didn't find it really worthy of the reputation until I visited
the place.
→_____________________________________ I found it really
worthy of the reputation. (强调句)
It was not until I visited the place that
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Doing regular exercise is good for your _________(recover)
from illness.
recovery
2.Her ______________(determine) to succeed came from within,
serving as a source of endless motivation for her to push
through any obstacles.
determination
3.The government is actively seeking _________(effect) measures
to address the issue of climate change and reduce greenhouse
gas emissions.
effective
4. He contributes a portion of his pocket money to charity 　　　　
(annual), a small act that reflects his great kindness.
annually
5.The tallest building in the image __________(measure)
approximately 200 pixels (像素).
measures
6.The ________(survive) rate of this endangered whale species
has increased due to the protection of their habitat.
7.With his attention _____________(concentrate) on his files, the
professor didn't notice someone entering his room.
survival
concentrated
8.The children stood in front of the magician, _________(amaze)
by his ability to make objects disappear and reappear, trying to
figure out the mystery behind his tricks.
amazed
9.The government authority has announced a comprehensive
_________(solve) to address the issue of air pollution in the city,
outlining a series of measures to be implemented over the
next five years.
solution
10.The double rainbow appeared after the storm, leaving us
_________(shock) at the breathtaking view across the sky.
shocked
11. The resort takes pride in offering a wide 　　　　　(vary) of
activities and comfortable accommodation, ensuring every guest finds
something to enjoy during their stay.
variety
12.The driver's quick _________(react) to the sudden crash
allowed him to swiftly control his vehicle, avoiding a more
severe collision.
reaction
13.________(freeze) with fear, Mia stood in front of the class,
her hands shaking as she held her paper.
Frozen
14.The ancient forest, home to many rare creatures,
______________(destroy) by the wildfire last year, leaving behind
only ashes and memories.
was destroyed
15.He __________(eventual) got a position at the University of
Hamburg where he was a professor of physics.
eventually
Ⅱ 短语检测
1.Despite the harsh winter weather, the professor ____________
________(不顾恶劣天气) to walk to the campus, determined to
give his lecture as scheduled.
braved the elements
2. 　　　　　　　(毕竟), a good photo can capture more than just
a moment—it can hold memories forever.
3.To protect the forest where eagles nest, the local government
decided to 　　　　　　　(削减) the number of trees being
logged each year.
After all
cut down on
4.Dogs, which are our best friends, are often used to
_______________(寻找) survivors in an earthquake.
search/look for
5.Put your imperfections out of your mind and _______________
(专注于) what you value within yourself, and your beauty
will shine through.
6.From finding it extremely painful to walk, to not being able to
get up ____________(独自), Ted's problem was worsening day
by day.
concentrate on
on his own
7.When I told them the news they all __________(盯着) me in
shock.
8.It is important to ___________________(对……表示尊重) others'
opinions and beliefs, even if we may disagree with them.
stared at
show respect to/for
Ⅲ 句型与写作
1.The reason ____________________________________ was
______________________ leaving her comfort zone. (定语从句+表
语从句)
她犹豫接受这个提议的原因是她害怕离开自己的舒适区。
(读后续写之心理描写)
why she hesitated to accept the offer
that she was afraid of
2.__________ we learn, ____________ our vision will be.
我们学得越多，眼界就越开阔。(读后续写之主题升华句)
The more
the broader
3.I didn't want to give them the impression _________________
____. (同位语从句)
我不想让他们觉得我想放弃。(读后续写之心理描写)
that I wanted to quit
4.___________________________ I realized dreams really did
come true, and that all it took was a little courage and belief in
oneself. (强调句)
正是在那一刻，我意识到梦想真的会成真，所需要的只是一点勇气
和对自己的信心。(读后续写之个人感悟)
It was at that moment that
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.She _____(cast) a welcoming smile as the guests entered the
room,making them feel instantly at ease.
2. 　　　　　　(catch) in the heavy traffic, the celebrity missed the
chance to visit the castle.
3.I was having fun _________(chat) online with my friend last
night when suddenly the electricity was cut off.
4. When asked about his views on the matter, he 　　　　　　
(choose) his words carefully to avoid causing any misunderstanding.
cast
Caught
chatting
chose
5. The student 　　　　　　　(choose) to represent our class said
she would practise her speech every evening.
6.Mandy laughed and _________(clap) her hands in delight， as
the surprise unfolded before her.
7. Before the team meeting started, the project leader 　　　　 　
(clarify) their stands on the proposed plan.
chosen
clapped
clarified
Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 前缀mis-表示“相反”、 “错误”
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2024 ·浙江1月考] …and this mismatch is at the heart of why
so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know
we shouldn't eat.____________
错配,误配
2.[2023·全国甲卷] But when we looked at the tomatoes, we
were worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like
the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket.
________
畸形的
3.[2023·全国乙卷] In addition to the problem of
miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories
accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the
victors know how to write. ______
误解
4.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编] Kevin's concern about the dog is
that they may misbehave. __________
行为不当
5. [《傲慢与偏见》] It would upset me, indeed, to see you again being
misled by Miss Bingley’s pretended good opinion. 　　　　
误导
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1. blue
He wore a blue expression on his face, revealing the depths of his
sadness and heartache. 　 　　　　
2. branch
①[2025·浙江1月考] Grabbing a branch from a cut-down tree, he
jumped in through the window. 　　　　　
忧郁的;悲伤的
树枝
②[2023·全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson, who received a
Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name,
opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. 　　　 　　
3. break
①[2025·浙江1月考] For example, it could be limited to designated
areas during breaks. 　　　　　
②I didn’t know how I was going to break the news to my mother.
　　　 　　
分部,分店
休息,间歇
透露,说出
身材,体形
缩小,消除
4.bridge
To bridge the gap between theory and practice, the professor included
real-world examples in the lecture. 　　　　　
5.build
①[2025·浙江1月考] Building effective communication skills takes time,
but the effects are worth the effort. 　　　　　
②She was of slim build with short, dark hair. 　　 　　　
培养
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
假定你是李华,你校英语社团上周举办了“绿色校园行动周”
(Green Campus Week)。请你以校园小记者的身份为校英文报写一篇
新闻报道,内容包括:
1.活动的具体内容;
2.活动的意义。
Green Campus Week
Last Friday, our school’s Green Campus Week ended successfully.
It 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(旨在提高学生的生态意识,将环境保护转化
为行动).
During the week, a variety of activities were held. In the recycling
challenge, classes sorted waste like plastic bottles. Our class even
created/developed a simple “3-step sorting rule” for others to follow.
aimed to raise students’ eco-awareness and turn environmental
protection into action
On Wednesday, we planted over 50 saplings and 2.　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(被教导
如何给它们适当浇水,以帮助幼苗存活). We also attended a lecture
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　(讲座中一位专家解释道;定语从句)
that even small measures, like cutting down on single-use plastic,
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
(能够对我们的校园生态有巨大的积极影响).
could have a huge positive effect/influence on our campus ecology　
where an expert explained
how to water them properly to help the young plants survive
were taught
With over 80% of students participating, this event not only made
our campus greener but also made everyone aware that 5.　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　(致力
于资源保护是我们的共同责任;it形式主语). Let’s keep this green spirit
alive!
it is our
shared responsibility to devote ourselves to resource conservation
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【语言素材】
惊讶的,震惊的 surprised/amazed/ shocked/ astonished/stunned 惊讶地 in astonishment/ surprise/shock/ amazement
令人惊讶的,令 人震惊的 surprising/amazing/ shocking/ astonishing/ stunning 令某人 震惊的 是 to one's
astonishment/surprise/
shock/amazement
(因吃惊等)睁大眼 睛的 wide-eyed 以惊讶的声 音/语调 in a surprised
voice/tone/in a voice
filled with shock
出乎意料的;意想 不到的;意外的 unexpected 对……感到惊讶 be surprised/astonished/
amazed at
不敢相信自己的 眼睛 can't believe one's eyes 惊呆了 be frozen with
shock/amazement; be numb with shock
(续表)
惊讶得倒吸一口气 gasp in astonishment 震惊得说不出 话来 speechless with
shock
使某人感到惊讶 take sb by surprise 难以置信地 in disbelief/ unbelievably
仿佛生了根似的站住 不动 as if rooted to the spot 完全出乎意料 a complete
surprise
(续表)
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ 单句表达
1.The judges announced the winners, and 　　　　　　　　　, she
had won first place.
评委们宣布了获胜者,让安娜(Anna)惊讶的是,她竟然获得了第一名。
2.Mum’s eyes 　　　　　　　　　　　, but a proud smile quickly
spread across her face.
妈妈的眼睛惊讶地瞪大了,但一抹骄傲的笑容很快在她脸上绽放开来。
to Anna’s surprise
widened in surprise
3.______________________________________, he couldn't believe
his eyes.
难以置信地摇摇头,他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
4.She stared at him, .
她惊呆了,直瞪着他。
5.We froze, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　, our mouths dropping
open in surprise.
我们僵住了,好像生了根似的站住不动,惊讶地张大了嘴巴。
frozen with shock
Shaking his head in disbelief/unbelievably
as if rooted to the spot
Ⅱ 语段表达
Emily awoke to the sound of thunder, and looked out of
the window 1.____________(惊讶地). The sky turned dark and
heavy clouds gathered rapidly. 2._____________________(令她震惊
的是), a massive tornado was forming in the distance. She called
out to her family 3.____________________________(以震惊的声音),
urging them to get to safety immediately.
in surprise
To her astonishment
in a shocked, trembling voice
The sudden appearance of the tornado 4._____________________
________(使每个人都大吃一惊).
Just moments ago, everything had been calm and peaceful.
They stood 5._____________________(震惊得说不出话来), unable
to comprehend the rapid change in weather. It seemed like
something out of a movie, not real life. Emily 6._______________
_______________(不敢相信自己的眼睛) when she saw that her
neighbour's house lifted off its foundation and collapsed. The
entire family 7.____________________________ (惊呆了),
took everyone by surprise
speechless with shock
couldn't believe her eyes
was frozen with shock
standing 8.________________________(仿佛生了根似的站住不动).
The destruction was so overwhelming that Emily 9.__________
______________(惊讶得倒吸一口气), struggling to
find words to describe the chaos unfolding before her.
as if rooted to the spot
gasped in
astonishment
作 业 手 册
(限时:35分钟)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A [2025·湖南常德高三一模]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:299
In birds, males are often the ones having showy, colourful
feathers—the better to attract females. For example, male cardinals get
bright red feathers, while females are pale brown. And the male
white-necked jacobin, a tiny tropical hummingbird (蜂鸟), has a deep
blue head and lively green back, whereas females are generally drab.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
But not always. Researchers studying white-necked jacobins in
Panama noticed that nearly 30 percent of the more than 120 females
they caught between 2015 and 2019 turned out to be females that
looked like males, while 2 years later over 40 percent did. A study
published in Current Biology explains why. It turns out that copying
male colouration helps female white-necked jacobins avoid being
disturbed by other hummingbirds while feeding.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
“The bright colouration on the bird is associated with attack,” says
Jay Falk, an evolutionary ecologist. “Just looking like males seems to
stop bullies, allowing females better access to honey.” Falk and his
colleagues also wondered if the male-lookalike female jacobins were
trying to attract mates by standing out from the drab females, or if
they were competing with each other for honey. Falk and his colleagues
turned to their next guess: resource competition. They found that the
male-copying females appeared in front of the feeders more often
and spent more time feeding than the drab females.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
With such benefits, why don’t all females develop bright feathers
It not only requires more energy and time to keep the feathers, but it’s \
also risky. Female hummingbirds are single parents, which is already
energy-demanding. “On top of that, if you’re brightly coloured and
sitting on a brown nest in a green tree, you’re going to stand out,”
Falk says. “It’s much easier to be eaten.”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现雌性白颈蜂鸟模仿雄性
羽毛颜色可助其进食,同时阐述了不都进化出鲜艳羽毛的原因。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )1. How does the author introduce the topic
A.By proving data.
B.By answering a question.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By describing a situation.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段“For example, male cardinals get bright
red feathers, while females are pale brown. And the male white-necked
jacobin, a tiny tropical hummingbird (蜂鸟), has a deep blue head and
lively green back, whereas females are generally drab.”(例如,雄性红衣
凤头鸟有鲜红色的羽毛,而雌性是浅棕色的。雄性白颈蜂鸟,一种小型热
带蜂鸟,有深蓝色的头部和鲜艳的绿色背部,而雌性通常颜色单调。)
可知,作者通过比较雄性和雌性鸟类羽毛颜色的不同来引入话题。
故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )2. What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 suggest
A.Protecting jacobins is becoming urgent.
B.Current Biology proves to be of great value.
C.Bright-feathered female jacobins are on the increase.
D.Male-lookalike female jacobins are more adaptable to the
environment.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers studying white-necked
jacobins in Panama noticed that nearly 30 percent of the more than
120 females they caught between 2015 and 2019 turned out to be
females that looked like males, while 2 years later over 40 percent
did.”(在巴拿马研究白颈蜂鸟的研究人员注意到,在2015年至2019年间
捕获的120多只雌性蜂鸟中,近30%的雌性看起来像雄性,而两年后这一
比例超过了40%。)可知,像雄性的雌性白颈蜂鸟的数量在增加。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )3. Why do female white-necked jacobins copy male colouration
A.To stand out to attract mates.
B.To get more chances to survive.
C.To compete with other hummingbirds.
D.To offer more food to other hummingbirds.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“A study published in Current Biology
explains why. It turns out that copying male colouration helps female
white-necked jacobins avoid being disturbed by other hummingbirds
while feeding.”(发表在《当代生物学》上的一项研究解释了原因。事实
证明,模仿雄性的颜色有助于雌性白颈蜂鸟在进食时避免受到其他蜂鸟
的干扰。)以及第三段“Just looking like males seems to stop bullies,
allowing females better access to honey.”(仅仅看起来像雄性似乎就能
阻止霸凌者,这让雌性有更好的机会获得蜂蜜。)可知,雌性白颈蜂鸟模仿
雄性的颜色是为了有更多生存的机会。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A.The disadvantages of having bright feathers.
B.The significance of developing bright feathers.
C.The correct methods of keeping the bright feathers.
D.The environment of the bright-feathered hummingbirds.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 段落大意题。根据最后一段“With such benefits, why don’t
all females develop bright feathers It not only requires more energy and time to keep the feathers, but it’s also risky.
Female hummingbirds are single parents, which is already energy-
demanding. ‘On top of that, ifyou're brightly coloured and sitting on
a brown nest in a green tree, you're going to stand out,’ Falk says.
‘It’s much easier to be eaten.’”(有这样的好处,为什么不是所有的雌性
都长出鲜艳的羽毛呢 保持鲜艳的羽毛不仅需要更多的能量和时间,
而且还有风险。雌性蜂鸟是单亲妈妈,这已经很耗费精力了。“除此
之外,如果你颜色鲜艳,坐在绿色树上的棕色巢穴上,你会很显眼,”福克
说。“这样更容易被吃掉。”)可知,最后一段主要讲了拥有鲜艳羽毛的
缺点。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
B [2025·河北高三联考]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自然 词数:348
Watching thousands of baby puffins (海鹦), known as pufflings,
being thrown off a cliff (悬崖) is perfectly normal for the people of
Iceland’s Westman Islands. This yearly tradition is what’s known as
“puffling season” and it is a crucial practice. Puffins are charming
birds and attract locals and tourists to visit them. But during puffling
season, the focus shifts from merely watching to actively helping the
young puffins.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The chicks of puffins hatch in nests on high sea cliffs. About six
weeks after hatching, they will fly from their nests and spend several
years at sea until they return to land to breed. Puffins have historically
found the ocean by following the light of the moon.
But because of lights from towns near where the puffins nest,
they can get lost. Instead of heading out to sea to fish and grow
strong, the birds end up heading inland. They wander on the streets,
where cars, cats, and buildings pose dangerous obstacles. So, many
residents spend a few weeks in August and September collecting
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
baby puffins that have crashed into town and then gently throwing
them into the ocean.
According to Erpur Hansen, a local ecologist, the average puffin
population in Iceland has decreased by 70 percent over the last 30
years. “While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed
issue, what’s restricting puffin numbers most dramatically are rising sea
surface temperatures,” he explains. Further worsening the issue, puffins
also only lay one egg per year, and only after they’re 3-6 years old.
That rareness, lack of food, and the legal hunting of the birds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
in Iceland all come together to threaten the population.
In fact, Hansen has suggested that if all factors continue on a
similar trend, puffins in Iceland could be a thing of the past in a matter
of decades. “On the upside, the last few years have seen something of
a population increase, but that doesn’t mean it’s time to relax and it’s
important to remain watchful to protect the birds, especially during
puffling season,” Hansen says.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的
“海鹦幼鸟季”传统,阐述海鹦幼鸟迷路原因,还分析了海鹦数量减少的
因素及保护的重要性。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )5. What do people from Westman Islands usually do in puffling
season
A.Watch pufflings thrown off a cliff by adult puffins.
B.Observe pufflings flying from their nests to breed.
C.Search for pufflings and release them into the ocean.
D.Celebrate the pufflings’ successful migration journey.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Watching thousands of baby
puffins (海鹦), known as pufflings, being thrown off a cliff (悬崖) is perfectly normal for the people of Iceland’s Westman Islands.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
This yearly tradition is what’s known as ‘puffling season’ and it is a crucial
practice.”(对于冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的人们来说,观看成千上万的小海鹦被
扔下悬崖是再正常不过的事。这个一年一度的传统被称为“海鹦幼鸟季”,
这是一个至关重要的做法。)和第三段中“So, many residents spend a
few weeks in August and September collecting baby puffins that have
crashed into town and then gently throwing them into the ocean.”(所以,
许多居民会在8月和9月花几周时间收集冲进城镇的小海鹦,然后轻轻地
把它们扔进海里。)可知,韦斯特曼群岛的人们在海鹦幼鸟季通常会寻找
海鹦幼鸟并将它们放归海洋。故选C。
( )6. Why do many puffins lose their way
A.The moonlight is hazier than it used to be.
B.They are misled by artificial lights inland.
C.They are born with poor sense of direction.
D.Natural environment is too complicated to adapt.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But because of lights from towns
near where the puffins nest, they can get lost. Instead of heading out
to sea to fish and grow strong, the birds end up heading inland.”(但
由于海鹦筑巢地附近城镇的灯光,它们会迷路。这些鸟没有出海捕鱼
并茁壮成长,而是最终飞向了内陆。)可知,许多海鹦迷路是因为它们被
内陆的人造灯光误导了。故选B。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )7. What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on about the puffin
A.The multiple factors causing its decline.
B.The impact of climate change on it.
C.The rareness of its breeding features.
D.The numerous challenges its habitat faces.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 段落大意题。根据第四段中“‘While light pollution may be the
most visible and easily blamed issue, what’s restricting puffin numbers
most dramatically are rising sea surface temperatures,’ he explains.
Further worsening the issue, puffins also only lay one egg per year, and
only after they’re 3-6 years old. That rareness, lack of food, and the
legal hunting of the birds in Iceland all come together to threaten the
population.”(他解释说:“虽然光污染可能是最明显、最容易被指责的
问题,但对海鹦数量限制最严重的是不断上升的海面温度。”更糟糕的
是,海鹦每年只产一枚蛋,而且要到3~6岁之后才开始产蛋。这种繁殖
的稀少性、食物短缺以及冰岛对海鹦的合法捕猎,共同威胁着海鹦的
数量。)可知,该段主要聚焦于导致海鹦数量减少的多种因素。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
( )8. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph
A.There’s no need for long-term fix for the pufflings.
B.Puffins’ future is overwhelmingly discouraging.
C.Constant active intervention from humans is essential.
D.The puffling season tradition should be spread across Iceland.
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘On the upside, the last few years
have seen something of a population increase, but that doesn’t mean
it’s time to relax and it’s important to remain watchful to protect the
birds, especially during puffling season,’ Hansen says.”(汉森说:“从好的
方面看,过去几年海鹦数量有所增加,但这并不意味着可以放松了,保持
警惕以保护这些鸟很重要,尤其是在海鹦幼鸟季。”)可知,因为人类的
保护,过去几年海鹦数量有所增加,所以作者在最后一段中想传达的是
“人类持续的积极干预是必不可少的”。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Ⅱ 语法填空 [2025·广西南宁第三中学高三模拟]
文体:新闻报道　主题:人与自然　词数:208
The China Wildlife Image and Video Competition, hosted by the
Chinese National Geography, has long been 1.　　　　 event of
great significance in the field of wildlife documentation. At an awards
ceremony recently held in Beijing, 17 remarkable images and videos,
which 2.　　　　　　　　(select) from over 37,600 submissions
globally, deeply attracted the audience.
an
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
were selected
The competition, 3.　　　　(theme) “Spirituality of Mountains
and Seas” this year, aims to enhance public awareness of wildlife and
ecological conservation. Among the award-winning 4.　　　　　
(entry), the work of Jia Haining’s team on Oriental storks (东方白鹳)
in the Yellow River Delta stood out 5.　　　　　(noticeable). Their
delicate piece of art beautifully demonstrated the region’s ecological
harmony and species 6.　　　　　(diverse).
To film the dynamic moment 7.　　　　 the birds left their nests,
they arrived at the filming site as early as 4:30 am.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
diversity
when
entries
noticeably
themed
And they waited patiently for almost two months 8.　　　　 the
young storks’ first flight! The judges praised their work as a
breathtaking symphony of life.
Additionally, special awards for mobile photography and social
media engagement were introduced to encourage 9.　　　　　
(broad) public participation. The competition, as Dr Jane Goodall noted,
has the power to inspire people, especially those who rarely have the
opportunity to experience nature first-hand, 10.　　　　　 (reconnect)
with the natural world.
broader
to reconnect
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
for
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是由中国国家地理主办的
中国野生生物影像年赛的情况。
1._______
an
[解析] 考查冠词。event是可数名词的单数形式,表泛指,前面要加不定
冠词,event的发音以元音音素开头,因此不定冠词用an,故填an。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2.______________
were selected
[解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。图片和视频是被选择,由
attracted可知句子时态是一般过去时,因此空格处用一般过去时的被动
语态,which指代的先行词17 remarkable images and videos是复数,
因此空格处是were selected。故填were selected。
3._______
themed
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是aims,空格处用非谓语动词,
competition和theme之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表
被动,作后置定语,故填themed。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4._________
entries
[解析] 考查名词复数。entry是可数名词,获奖作品不止一个,因此空格处
用复数,故填entries。
5._________
noticeably
[解析] 考查副词。空格处用副词修饰动词短语stood out,noticeable的
副词是noticeably,意为“显著地,引人注目地”,故填noticeably。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.__________
diversity
[解析] 考查名词。空格处用名词作宾语,diverse的名词是diversity,是
不可数名词,意为“多样性”。故填diversity。
7.______
when
[解析] 考查定语从句。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,从句中不缺
主语或宾语,先行词moment指时间,因此用关系副词when,故填when。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8._______
for
[解析] 考查介词。wait for是固定短语,意为“等待”,因此空格处用
介词for,故填for。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.___________
broader
[解析] 考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知,句子表示“以鼓励更广泛的
公众参与”,空格处用比较级broader,表示“更广泛的”。故填broader。
10._______________
to reconnect
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。inspire sb to do sth是固定搭配,意为“激励
某人做某事”,因此空格处是不定式to reconnect,故填to reconnect。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅲ 完形填空 [2025·广东肇庆高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:260
What happened at Empangeni Wildlife Reserve in South Africa
was like a 　1　 from the film Madagascar: a herd of elephants
conducted a daring escape, 　2　 some antelopes (羚羊) from their
enclosed zone.
In June 2024, staff at the reserve were closely 　3　 the health
conditions of the antelopes when they noticed several elephants slowly
approaching and 　4　.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Assuming that the elephants were 　5　 searching for hay (干草), the
staff didn’t pay much attention to the gentle 　6　 at first.
Before they knew it, however, one elephant had 　7　 used its
trunk to unlock and open the gate, setting the antelopes free. The
staff were 　8　 as the antelopes rushed headlong into the 　9　
bush, with the elephants following closely behind as if they were
playing a game. It took their caretakers several hours of 　10　 and
chasing under the hot sun to finally settle the antelopes down and
guide them back behind the 　11　.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Why did the elephants do this No one knows for sure and the
reason behind their actions remains a puzzle. “But we know that
elephants have a sense of 　12　,” says elephant expert William
Macmillan of the Pittsburgh Zoo. He couldn’t hide a 　13　 in his voice.
“Maybe they were having fun!”
And so, the tale of the elephants outsmarting the humans has
become a legendary story at the reserve.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
It stands as a vivid reminder of the 　14　 nature of the wildlife and
their astonishing, human-like intelligence, leaving the staff with a
deeper appreciation of the 　15　 of nature.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述的是2024年南非Empangeni
野生动物保护区的一群大象智救羚羊的奇特事件,展现了动物间令人
惊讶的互动与智慧。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )1. A.dream　　 B.scene C.message D.photo
[解析] 根据下文“…a herd of elephants conducted a daring escape…”
可知,大象实施了大胆的逃跑,就好似电影中的场景。故选B。dream
梦想;scene场景;message信息;photo照片。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )2. A.calling B.gathering C.sending D.freeing
[解析] 根据下文“Before they knew it, however, one elephant had…
used its trunk to unlock and open the gate, setting the antelopes free.”
可知,大象将一些羚羊从封闭的区域中释放出来。故选D。call呼叫;
gather聚集;send发送;free释放。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )3. A.monitoring B.predicting
C.changing D.improving
[解析] 根据上文“…staff at the reserve were closely…”和下文“…the
health conditions of the antelopes…”可推知,保护区的工作人员需要
履行职责,密切监测羚羊的健康状况。故选A。monitor监测;predict
预测;change改变;improve提高。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )4. A.lying down B.turning back
C.nosing around D.jumping up
[解析] 根据下文“Assuming that the elephants were…searching for hay
(干草)…”可知,起初,工作人员以为大象在寻找干草,由此可知,大象是在
慢慢靠近并四处打探。故选C。lie down躺下;turn back转身;nose
around四处打探;jump up跳起来。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )5. A.hardly B.simply
C.exactly D.totally
[解析] 根据下文“…the staff didn’t pay much attention to the gentle…
at first.”可知,工作人员没有太注意这些大象,这是因为他们以为大象
只是在寻找干草,不是在做其他事。故选B。hardly几乎不;simply仅仅,
只;exactly确切地;totally完全地。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )6. A.giants B.co-workers
C.strangers D.teammates
[解析] 根据上文“Assuming that the elephants were…searching for
hay (干草)…”可知,此处把大象称为温顺的巨兽。故选A。giant巨兽;
co-worker同事;stranger陌生人;teammate队友。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )7. A.tirelessly B.fearfully
C.comfortably D.skilfully
[解析] 根据下文“It stands as a vivid reminder of the…nature of the
wildlife and their astonishing, human-like intelligence…”可知,这件事
表明野生动物具有惊人的、类似人类的智慧,由此可知,大象是熟练地
用它的鼻子打开了门。故选D。tirelessly不知疲倦地;fearfully害怕地;
comfortably舒适地;skilfully熟练地。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )8. A.overjoyed B.doubtful
C.shocked D.excited
[解析] 根据下文“…as the antelopes rushed headlong into the…bush,
with the elephants following closely behind as if they were playing a
game.”可知,羚羊一头冲进灌木丛,大象紧跟在后面,好像它们在玩游戏,
这种混乱的情况会使工作人员震惊。故选C。overjoyed欣喜若狂的;
doubtful怀疑的;shocked震惊的;excited兴奋的。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )9. A.empty B.nearby C.small D.dusty
[解析] 这是在野生动物保护区的情境,结合下文bush可推知,被释放出
的羚羊一头冲进附近的灌木丛。故选B。empty空的;nearby附近的;
small小的;dusty布满灰尘的。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )10. A.training B.cleaning
C.tracking D.climbing
[解析] 根据上文“Before they knew it, however, one elephant had…
used its trunk to unlock and open the gate, setting the antelopes free.”
可知,羚羊被大象释放了出来,因此看护人员需要跟踪并追赶它们。
故选C。train训练;clean打扫;track追踪;climb攀爬。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )11. A.garden B.forest C.centre D.fence
[解析] 根据上文“…a herd of elephants conducted a daring escape…
some antelopes (羚羊) from their enclosed zone.”可知,羚羊原本是在
封闭的区域中的,由此可知,看护人员是引导它们回到围栏后面。故选D。
garden花园;forest森林;centre中心;fence栅栏。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )12. A.humour B.pride C.shame D.duty
[解析] 根据下文“Maybe they were having fun!”可知,William Macmillan
指出大象可能是在寻找乐趣,由此可知,这体现了它们的幽默感。故选A。
humour幽默;pride骄傲;shame羞愧;duty责任。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )13. A.tear B.sigh C.smile D.relief
[解析] 根据下文“Maybe they were having fun!”可知,William Macmillan
的声音里藏不住笑意。故选C。tear眼泪;sigh叹息;smile微笑;relief宽慰。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )14. A.gentle B.playful
C.sorrowful D.rude
[解析] 根据上文“…with the elephants following closely behind as if
they were playing a game.”可知,大象似乎是出于玩游戏的心理把羚羊
放了出来,这体现了它们的顽皮天性。故选B。gentle温柔的;playful
顽皮的;sorrowful悲伤的;rude粗鲁的。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
( )15. A.dangers B.chances
C.origins D.wonders
[解析] 根据上文“…their astonishing, human-like intelligence…”可知,
这些大象有着惊人的、类似人类的智慧,这会让工作人员更能欣赏
大自然的奇迹。故选D。danger危险;chance机会;origin起源;wonder
奇迹。
√
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
A.词汇积累
1.drab adj.暗淡的,无光彩的
2.colouration n.自然色彩,自然花纹
3.evolutionary adj.进化论的,进化的
4.on top of 另外;在……之上
5.dramatically adv.剧烈地,明显地;戏剧性地
6.documentation n.文件记载,文献记录
7.submission n.提交;屈服,投降
8.symphony n.交响乐
9.headlong adv.头朝前;莽撞地
10.outsmart vt.比……更聪明
11.legendary adj.传奇的
B. 靓句借鉴
On the upside, the last few years have seen something of a population
increase… (阅读B, Para.5)
【赏析】 本句为无灵主语句,即由非生命的事物充当主语。此句无灵
主语(时间)与有灵动词(see)的结合,形成了 “时间作为见证者” 的拟人化
修辞,将抽象的时间具象化,仿佛 “过去几年” 主动 “目睹” 了数量增长的
过程。
【译文】 从好的方面来看,过去几年见证了(海鹦)数量有所增加……
高中英语 必修第一册
Unit 5 Into the wild
听课手册
●语篇词汇串记
1.has guarded　2.like　3.trapped　4.elements　5.where
6.photographer　7.recovery　8.destroying　9.Eventually
10.a
●考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①to reduce　②measuring　③by
(2)①in full measure　②took/should take measures/steps/action
to protect our natural environment
(1)①to follow　②determination　③determined
(2)①determined/was determined to keep her promise
②Determining to win the championship
(1)①amazed　②amazing　③to discover
(2)①Amazed by/at the scene　②Much to his amazement
③froze in amazement
(1)①survival　②survivors　③on
(2)has survived the test of the bad times
(1)①on/upon　②in　③effective
(2)has had a huge effect/influence/impact on/upon
(1)①from　②recovery　(2)v.回收利用
(3)①would fully recover/make a full recovery
②recovered himself
(1)①a　②shocking　③shocked　④to discover
(2)①froze with shock　②he stood there in shock
(1)①concentration　②concentrated　(2)adj.浓缩的
(3)concentrate on/upon
短语储存
● ①cut in　②was cut off　③cut down　④cut across
⑤cut out　⑥cut up
句型透视
(1)①more depressed　②stranger
(2)①The more you know about traditional Chinese culture
②the more convenient Chinese people s life will be
(1)that　(2)①It was his brave heart and strong faith that
②It was not until I visited the place that
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.recovery　2.determination　3.effective　4.annually
5.measures　6.survival　7.concentrated　8.amazed
9.solution　10.shocked　11.variety　12.reaction
13.Frozen　14.was destroyed　15.eventually
Ⅱ.1.braved the elements　2.After all　3.cut down on
4.search/look for　5.concentrate on　6.on his own
7.stared at　8.show respect to/for
Ⅲ.1.why she hesitated to accept the offer; that she was afraid of
2.The more; the broader
3.that I wanted to quit
4.It was at that moment that
●语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.cast　2.Caught　3.chatting　4.chose　5.chosen
6.clapped　7.clarified
Ⅱ.1.错配,误配　2.畸形的　3.误解　4.行为不当
5.误导
Ⅲ.1.忧郁的;悲伤的
2.①树枝　②分部,分店
3.①休息,间歇　②透露,说出
4.缩小,消除
5.①培养　②身材,体形
●写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.aimed to raise students’ eco-awareness and turn environmental
protection into action
2.were taught how to water them properly to help the young
plants survive
3.where an expert explained
4.could have a huge positive effect/influence on our campus
ecology　
5.it is our shared responsibility to devote ourselves to resource
conservation　
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
5.情感细节描写——吃惊
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.to Anna’s surprise　2.widened in surprise　3.Shaking his
head in disbelief/unbelievably　4.frozen with shock　5.as if
rooted to the spot
Ⅱ.1.in surprise　2.To her astonishment　3.in a shocked,
trembling voice　4.took everyone by surprise　
5.speechless with shock　6.couldn’t believe her eyes　
7.was frozen with shock　8.as if rooted to the spot　
9.gasped in astonishment
作业手册
Ⅰ 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C
Ⅱ 1. an 2.were selected 3.themed 4.entries 5.noticeably
6. diversity 7.when 8.for 9.broader 10. to reconnect
Ⅲ 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.D
12.A 13.C 14.B 15.D

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