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(共27张PPT)
Unit 8 A green world
八年级
译林版2024
下
单词解析三
1.poster(名词)海报
[用法讲解] poster为可数名词，其复数形式为posters，还可译为"张贴者，发帖人".
Eg: She put up a poster of her favorite band on her bedroom wall.
她在卧室墙上贴了一张她最喜爱乐队的海报。
He is a frequent poster in online forums.
他是网络论坛的常驻发帖人。
[常见搭配]wanted poster通缉令
Eg: The police issued a wanted poster for the suspect.
警察发布了嫌疑人的通缉令。
[即学即用]
The_________(海报)for the new movie is very eye - catching.
poster
2.pollute(动词)污染
Eg: Factories pollute the river with toxic chemicals.
工厂用有毒化学物质污染河流。
[常见搭配]be polluted with ...被...污染
pollute one's mind腐蚀思想
Eg: The air is polluted by vehicle emissions.
空气被车辆尾气污染。
Violent games may pollute children's minds.
暴力游戏可能腐蚀孩子们的思想。
[派生词] pollution为名词，译为"污染";
pollutant为名词，译为"污染物".
Eg: Air pollution in big cities has become a serious health concern.
大城市的空气污染已成为严重的健康问题。
Factories must filter harmful pollutants before releasing waste water.
工厂在排放废水前必须过滤有害污染物。
[即学即用]
1.Plastic waste p________the ocean severely.
2.Excessive advertisingcauses light___________(pollute).
ollutes
pollution
3.affect(动词)影响
[用法讲解]affect为动词，还可译为"感染，打动，假装";affect为名词，译为"情感状态".
Eg: The new policy will affect the economy.
新政策将影响经济。
The virus affects the respiratory system.
病毒侵袭呼吸系统。
The movie deeply affected me.
这部电影深深打动了我。
He affected a British accent.
他假装有英国口音。
The patient showed a flat affect.
患者表现处淡漠的情感状态。
[常见搭配]affect one's mood影响心情/情绪
be affected by受到...的影响
Eg: Lack of sleep can affect your mood.
睡眠不足会影响情绪。
Many species are affected by habitat loss.
许多物种因栖息地丧失而受到影响。
[派生词] affective为形容词，译为"情感的，表达情绪的".
Eg:The music evoked a strong affective response in the audience.
这首音乐在观众中引起了强烈的情感反应。
[即学即用]
The medicine quickly a_________the patient's symptoms.
ffected
4.gas(名词)气体，汽油，天然气
[用法讲解]gas为可数名词，其复数形式为gasses;gas还可为动词，译为"放出气体，排气，吹牛，加汽油".
Eg: Hydrogen and oxygen are gases.
氢和氧是气体。
The volcano is gassing continuously.
火山在持续排气。
You should gas up the car before the long - distance trip.
在长途旅行前你应该给汽车加满油。
Don't gas away all the time. Get down to work
别总是吹牛了。开始工作吧。
[常见搭配]gas station加油站
run out of gas汽油用完
Eg: We need to stop at the gas station to get some gas.
我们需要在加油站停下来加些汽油。
The car ran out of gas on the way.
汽车在路上汽油用完了。
[即学即用]
Air is a mixture of__________(gas).
gasses
5.seabird(名词)海鸟
[用法讲解]seabird为可数名词，其复数形式为seabirds.
Eg: Thousands of seabirds nest on these cliffs.
成千上万的海鸟在这些悬崖上筑巢。
[即学即用]
The island is a nesting site for thousands of___________(海鸟).
seabirds
6.desertification(名词)沙漠化
[用法讲解]desertification为不可数名词。
Eg:Desertification threatens the livelihoods of millions.
荒漠化威胁数百万人的生计。
[派生词] desertify为动词，译为"使...沙漠化".
Eg:Overgrazing and deforestation can desertify fertile lands with decades.
古都放牧和滥发森林会使肥沃的土地在几十年内沙漠化。
[即学即用]
The UN has; launched programs to combat ______________(desertify).
desertification
7.hardly(副词)几乎不，几乎没有
[用法讲解] hardly在句中常位于使役动词之前，助动词，情态动词之后。
Eg:I can hardly believe my eyes.
我几乎不敢相信自己的眼镜。
[常见搭配]hardly...when...一...就...
can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事
Eg:Hardly had I arrived at thestation when the train left.
我刚到车站，火车就开了。
I can hardly wait to see my old friends.
我迫不及待地想见到我的老朋友。
[派生词]hard形容词，译为"难的，坚固的，结实的"；也可为副词，译为"努力地，猛烈地".
Eg: It rained hard in the summer of 2021.
2021年夏天的那场雨下得很猛烈。
It's very hard to maintain a relationship.
维持一段关系是很困难的。
After the earthquake, the new building is still standing there. It is very hard.
地震过后，那座新的大楼依然屹立不倒，它很坚固。
Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up.
最为重要的是，你必须努力学习，迎头赶上。
[常见搭配] be hard to do sth.做某事很难
Eg:Swimming is hardto learn for beginners.
游泳对初学者来说很难学。
[即学即用]
I__________(hard) eat junk food these days.
hardly
8.single-use(形容词)供一次使用的
[用法讲解]single-use在句中常作定语。
Eg: Many countries are phasing out single - use plastics.
许多国家正在逐步淘汰一次性塑料制品。
[常见搭配] single - use plastic/ products一次性塑料/产品
single - use mask/ gloves一次性口罩/手套
Eg: Many countries ban single - use plastic bags.
许多国家禁止使用一次性塑料袋。
Medical workers require single- use gloves.
医务工作人员需要一次性手套。
[即学即用]
The hospital switched to____________(一次性的) medical equipment for safety.
single-use
9.second-hand(形容词)二手的
[用法讲解]second-hand在句中常作定语。
Eg: This second - hand shop specializes in vintage furniture.
这家二手店专营复古家具。
[即学即用]
She bought a___________(二手的)laptop to save money.
second-hand
10.battery(名词)电池
[用法讲解] battery为可数名词，其复数形式为 batteries，还可译为"殴打罪，炮兵连".
Eg: My phone battery is running low.
我的手机块没电了。
He was arrested for battery.
他因殴打罪被捕。
The battery fired at the enemy positions.
炮兵连向敌军阵地开火。
[常见搭配]battery life/ power电池续航/电量
Eg: The new model has longer battery life.
新款有更长的电池续航。
[即学即用]
My phone died becauseof a dead_________(电池).
battery
11.electronic(形容词)电子的
[用法讲解]electronic在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: This electronic gadget can measure air quality.
这款电子设备能检测空气质量。
[常见搭配]electronic music电子音乐
Eg: She composes electronic music using synthesizers.
她用合成器编辑电子音乐。
[派生词] electronics为名词，译为"电子设备，电子学".
Eg:He studies electronics at university and dreams of designing innovative gadgets.
他在大学学习电子学，梦想设计创新设备。
[即学即用]
The festival featured top e_____________music DJs.
lectronic
12.electricity(名词)电，电能
[用法讲解] electricity为不可数名词，译为"电流".
Eg: Electricity is essential for modern life.
电对现代生活至关重要。
They use electricity to power their homes.
他们用电给房子供电。
The house has no electricity.
这所房子没有电。
[常见搭配]supply/ provide electricity供电
cut off the electricity停电
Eg: The power station supplies electricity to the town.
电站向镇上供电。
They had to cut off the electricity because of the storm.
由于暴风雨，他们不得不停电。
[派生词] electric为形容词，译为"电的";
electrical为形容词，译为"与电相关的";
electronic为形容词，译为"电子技术的".
Eg: An electric wheelchair has given her greater mobility.
电动轮椅使她更便于移动了。
Thecompanyis a world leader in electrical goods.
这家公司的电器产品在全世界首屈一指。
This journalis available inpaper and electronic form.
这份刊物有印刷版和电子版本。
[即学即用]
It's important to save___________(electric) and not waste it.
electricity
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Unit 8 A green world 单词解析三
1.poster(名词)海报
[用法讲解] poster为可数名词，其复数形式为 posters，还可译为"张贴者，发帖人".
Eg: She put up a poster of her favorite band on her bedroom wall.
她在卧室墙上贴了一张她最喜爱乐队的海报。
He is a frequent poster in online forums.
他是网络论坛的常驻发帖人。
[常见搭配] wanted poster 通缉令
Eg: The police issued a wanted poster for the suspect.
警察发布了嫌疑人的通缉令。
[即学即用]
The_________(海报)for the new movie is very eye - catching.
答案：poster
2.pollute(动词)污染
Eg: Factories pollute the river with toxic chemicals.
工厂用有毒化学物质污染河流。
[常见搭配] be polluted with ... 被...污染
pollute one's mind 腐蚀思想
Eg: The air is polluted by vehicle emissions.
空气被车辆尾气污染。
Violent games may pollute children's minds.
暴力游戏可能腐蚀孩子们的思想。
[派生词] pollution为名词，译为"污染";
pollutant为名词，译为"污染物".
Eg: Air pollution in big cities has become a serious health concern.
大城市的空气污染已成为严重的健康问题。
Factories must filter harmful pollutants before releasing waste water.
工厂在排放废水前必须过滤有害污染物。
[即学即用]
1.Plastic waste p________the ocean severely.
2.Excessive advertising causes light___________(pollute).
答案：1.pollutes 2.pollution
3.affect(动词)影响
[用法讲解] affect为动词，还可译为"感染，打动，假装";affect为名词，译为"情感状态".
Eg: The new policy will affect the economy.
新政策将影响经济。
The virus affects the respiratory system.
病毒侵袭呼吸系统。
The movie deeply affected me.
这部电影深深打动了我。
He affected a British accent.
他假装有英国口音。
The patient showed a flat affect.
患者表现处淡漠的情感状态。
[常见搭配] affect one's mood 影响心情/情绪
be affected by 受到...的影响
Eg: Lack of sleep can affect your mood.
睡眠不足会影响情绪。
Many species are affected by habitat loss.
许多物种因栖息地丧失而受到影响。
[派生词] affective为形容词，译为"情感的，表达情绪的".
Eg: The music evoked a strong affective response in the audience.
这首音乐在观众中引起了强烈的情感反应。
[即学即用]
The medicine quickly a_________the patient's symptoms.
答案：affected
4.gas(名词)气体，汽油，天然气
[用法讲解] gas为可数名词，其复数形式为 gasses;gas还可为动词，译为"放出气体，排气，吹牛，加汽油".
Eg: Hydrogen and oxygen are gases.
氢和氧是气体。
The volcano is gassing continuously.
火山在持续排气。
You should gas up the car before the long - distance trip.
在长途旅行前你应该给汽车加满油。
Don't gas away all the time. Get down to work
别总是吹牛了。开始工作吧。
[常见搭配] gas station 加油站
run out of gas 汽油用完
Eg: We need to stop at the gas station to get some gas.
我们需要在加油站停下来加些汽油。
The car ran out of gas on the way.
汽车在路上汽油用完了。
[即学即用]
Air is a mixture of__________(gas).
答案：gasses
5.seabird(名词)海鸟
[用法讲解] seabird为可数名词，其复数形式为 seabirds.
Eg: Thousands of seabirds nest on these cliffs.
成千上万的海鸟在这些悬崖上筑巢。
[即学即用]
The island is a nesting site for thousands of___________(海鸟).
答案：seabirds
6.desertification(名词)沙漠化
[用法讲解] desertification为不可数名词。
Eg: Desertification threatens the livelihoods of millions.
荒漠化威胁数百万人的生计。
[派生词] desertify为动词，译为"使...沙漠化".
Eg: Overgrazing and deforestation can desertify fertile lands with decades.
古都放牧和滥发森林会使肥沃的土地在几十年内沙漠化。
[即学即用]
The UN has; launched programs to combat ______________(desertify).
答案：desertification
7.hardly(副词)几乎不，几乎没有
[用法讲解] hardly在句中常位于使役动词之前，助动词，情态动词之后。
Eg:I can hardly believe my eyes.
我几乎不敢相信自己的眼镜。
[常见搭配] hardly...when... 一...就...
can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事
Eg: Hardly had I arrived at the station when the train left.
我刚到车站，火车就开了。
I can hardly wait to see my old friends.
我迫不及待地想见到我的老朋友。
[派生词]hard形容词，译为"难的，坚固的，结实的"；也可为副词，译为"努力地，猛烈地".
Eg: It rained hard in the summer of 2021.
2021年夏天的那场雨下得很猛烈。
It's very hard to maintain a relationship.
维持一段关系是很困难的。
After the earthquake, the new building is still standing there. It is very hard.
地震过后，那座新的大楼依然屹立不倒，它很坚固。
Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up.
最为重要的是，你必须努力学习，迎头赶上。
[常见搭配] be hard to do sth.做某事很难
Eg: Swimming is hard to learn for beginners.
游泳对初学者来说很难学。
[即学即用]
I__________(hard) eat junk food these days.
答案：hardly
8.single-use(形容词)供一次使用的
[用法讲解] single-use在句中常作定语。
Eg: Many countries are phasing out single - use plastics.
许多国家正在逐步淘汰一次性塑料制品。
[常见搭配] single - use plastic/ products一次性塑料/产品
single - use mask/ gloves 一次性口罩/手套
Eg: Many countries ban single - use plastic bags.
许多国家禁止使用一次性塑料袋。
Medical workers require single- use gloves.
医务工作人员需要一次性手套。
[即学即用]
The hospital switched to____________(一次性的) medical equipment for safety.
答案：single-use
9.second-hand(形容词)二手的
[用法讲解] second-hand在句中常作定语。
Eg: This second - hand shop specializes in vintage furniture.
这家二手店专营复古家具。
[即学即用]
She bought a___________(二手的)laptop to save money.
答案：second-hand
10.battery(名词)电池
[用法讲解] battery为可数名词，其复数形式为 batteries，还可译为"殴打罪，炮兵连".
Eg: My phone battery is running low.
我的手机块没电了。
He was arrested for battery.
他因殴打罪被捕。
The battery fired at the enemy positions.
炮兵连向敌军阵地开火。
[常见搭配] battery life/ power 电池续航/电量
Eg: The new model has longer battery life.
新款有更长的电池续航。
[即学即用]
My phone died because of a dead _________(电池).
答案：battery
11.electronic(形容词)电子的
[用法讲解] electronic在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: This electronic gadget can measure air quality.
这款电子设备能检测空气质量。
[常见搭配] electronic music 电子音乐
Eg: She composes electronic music using synthesizers.
她用合成器编辑电子音乐。
[派生词] electronics为名词，译为"电子设备，电子学".
Eg:He studies electronics at university and dreams of designing innovative gadgets.
他在大学学习电子学，梦想设计创新设备。
[即学即用]
The festival featured top e_____________music DJs.
答案：electronic
12.electricity(名词)电，电能
[用法讲解] electricity为不可数名词，译为"电流".
Eg: Electricity is essential for modern life.
电对现代生活至关重要。
They use electricity to power their homes.
他们用电给房子供电。
The house has no electricity.
这所房子没有电。
[常见搭配] supply/ provide electricity 供电
cut off the electricity 停电
Eg: The power station supplies electricity to the town.
电站向镇上供电。
They had to cut off the electricity because of the storm.
由于暴风雨，他们不得不停电。
[派生词] electric为形容词，译为"电的";
electrical为形容词，译为"与电相关的";
electronic为形容词，译为"电子技术的".
Eg: An electric wheelchair has given her greater mobility.
电动轮椅使她更便于移动了。
The company is a world leader in electrical goods.
这家公司的电器产品在全世界首屈一指。
This journal is available in paper and electronic form.
这份刊物有印刷版和电子版本。
[即学即用]
It's important to save___________(electric) and not waste it.
答案：electricity
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