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Unit 5 Nature's Temper 阅读拔尖练
外刊阅读——学会地道英语 鲨鱼湾的生态系统堪忧
There is a place named Shark Bay (鲨鱼湾) in the Western Australia. At least 28 kinds of sharks are swimming through the clear water there— the largest in the world. Especially tiger sharks are common visitors to Shark Bay. They move their 15-foot-long (about 4.5 meters) bodies through the seagrass,sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal. Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem. In fact, they can also be our powerful friends in stopping climate change.
It all comes back to the seagrass that moves with the waves in Shark Bay. The seagrass is food for the sea cows. Each eats about 40 kilograms of seagrass a day. By controlling the sea cow populations,tiger sharks in Shark Bay help the seagrass beds grow. A good seagrass bed stores twice as much CO per square mile as forests do on land.
But in the world, the tiger shark populations are becoming smaller, including some populations in Australia. Off Australia's northeast coast of Queensland, it is said that tiger sharks have fallen by at least71%, largely because of overfishing and bycatch. A reduction in tiger sharks means more seagrass eaten and less carbon kept in the ocean.
In Shark Bay, the tiger sharks are able to achieve the balance by keeping sea cow populations down,and not all the bay's seagrass is lost. But here comes the question: What if sharks disappeared from the bay The need to understand how they support their ecosystems becomes even more urgent.
Word Bank 1. seagrass /' si:grɑ:s/ n.海草 2. ecosystem /'i:k s st m/ n.生态系统 3. bycatch /'ba k t / n.误捕 4. urgent/' d nt/ adj.紧迫的
一、好词句深练
(一)根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. (especial) in summer, we enjoy eating ice cream to stay cool.
2. The new laptop has a (power) processor that runs games smoothly.
3. If we don't save water, fresh water may (appear) from the earth.
(二)用方框中词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分(有一个词多余)
1. The price of apples dropped by 20% after the harvest.
2. We need to exercise and eat well to get the balance in life.
(三)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1. Birds and squirrels are (常客) to our backyard garden.
2. Planting more trees can help fight (气候变化) around the world.
(四)仿写句子
What if sharks disappeared from the bay (固定句式 What if… )
仿写：要是我们错过最后一班回家的公共汽车怎么办
二、根据短文内容，选择正确答案
( )1. Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 1
A. Tiger sharks eat sea cows.
B. The tiger shark is the largest of its kind.
C. A seagrass bed is about 4.5 meters long.
D. Tiger sharks are harmful to the ocean ecosystem.
( )2. What does the underlined word“they” refer to
A. Visitors. B. Sea cows. C. Tiger sharks. D. Seagrass beds.
( )3. How much seagrass can two sea cows eat a day
A. About 20 kg. B. About 40 kg. C. About 60 kg. D. About 80kg.
( )4. What's the situation of tiger sharks
A. They are overfishing sea cows. B. They are moving out of Australia.
C. Their populations are becoming smaller. D. They have disappeared.
( )5. What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage
A. To give some information about seagrass.
B. To give some information about Australia.
C. To tell us there will be more sea cows in the future.
D. To call on humans to take action to protect tiger sharks.
时文阅读——讲好中国故事海洋环境小卫士——机器鱼
Chinese scientists say they have developed robotic fish that can remove microplastic particles (微小的塑料颗粒) from water environments.
Researchers working on the project say the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world. The robotic fish are about 1.3c m long. They are made of a soft chemical material. The robots are built to remove microplastic particles which are smaller than 5 mm while moving through the water. Studies have found that microplastic pollution has been found in many natural environments. The material comes from the breakdown of plastic products and industrial waste.
The project was started by a team at Sichuan University in southwestern China. The researchers say the robots have already worked well in shallow waters and they plan to take more tests in deeper waters.The team says the robots can be controlled by light. They can swim up to 2.76 body lengths a second.This is faster than most similar soft robots.
Wang Yuyan is a member of the research team. According to her, the small, lightweight robot is now being used to collect microplastics for research. She also says that the team plans to increase that use, so the robotic fish can remove lots of microplastic waste from deep ocean areas.
According to the team, the fish can take in different kinds of microplastics and even repair themselves when damaged. And if a robotic fish is eaten by a real fish, it could safely digest the material.
Wang says similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body to remove unwanted materials or diseases.
Word Bank 1. remove /r ' mu:v/ v.除去 2. researcher /' ri:s t r/ n.研究者 3. breakdown /'bre kda n/ n.分解
4. shallow /' l / adj.浅的 5. damage /'d m d / v.损坏 6. digest /da 'd est/ v.消化
一、好词句深练
(一)根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The child was fascinated by the (robot) dog that could sit, stand and run.
2. We should do our best to stop (pollute) because it is harmful to the earth.
3. Sun Wukong has a magic stick and it can change its (long).
(二)用方框中词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分(有一个词多余)
1. She is a person of the research team.
2. The twins are good at DIY, and love to make and fix things.
(三)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1. Daniel (从事) the project last month, and he found it hard to finish it by himself.
2. These little animals can jump (多达) 6 meters in height.
(四)仿写句子
This is faster than most similar soft robots.(形容词比较级)
仿写：有了更好的生活习惯，杰瑞比以前健康多了。
二、根据短文内容，选择正确答案
( ) 1. What can we learn about the robotic fish
A. They are 5mm long.
B. They are made of soft plastic materials.
C. They have been widely used around the world.
D. They could help to clean up plastic pollution.
( )2. What's the difference between the robotic fish and most similar soft robots
A. The robotic fish can be controlled by light.
B. The robotic fish can swim faster.
C. The robotic fish can work well in shallow waters.
D. The robotic fish have been tested in deep waters.
( )3. If a real fish eats a robotic fish, it would .
A. get no harm B. repair itself quickly
C. keep the robot forever D. grow well in deeper waters
( )4. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage
A. The robotic fish uses light to collect microplastics.
B. The project was started by a team at Sichuan University.
C. The robotic fish is bigger than the microplastic particles.
D. Similar robots could be developed to be placed inside the human body.
三、根据短文内容，结合自己理解，回答下面问题
If robots are small enough to enter the human body, what can they do
阅读拔尖练
外刊阅读——学会地道英语
一、(一) 1. Especially 2. powerful 3. disappear
(二) 1. fell 2. achieve
(三) 1.common visitors 2.climate change
(四) What if we miss the last bus home
答案速查 1—5 ACDCD
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了在澳大利亚西端的鲨鱼湾中，虎鲨是我们阻止气候变化的有力盟友，因此了解虎鲨是如何支持生态系统的需求变得更加迫切了。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They move their... sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal.”可知,虎鲨有时会捕捉巨大的海牛作为一顿大餐。故选A。
2. C【解析】代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem.”可知,虎鲨对海洋生态系统的健康很重要，故画线单词指的是“虎鲨”。故选C。
3. D【解析】数字计算题。根据第二段中的“The sea grass is food for the sea cows. Each eats about 40 kilograms ofsea grass a day.”可知,每只海牛每天要吃大约40公斤的海草，故两只海牛一天大约要吃80公斤的海草。故选D。
4. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But in the world, the tiger shark populations are becoming smaller”可知,在全球范围内，虎鲨的数量正在减少。故选C。
5. D【解析】主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，虎鲨能够通过减少海牛的数量来达到海洋生态系统的平衡，因此了解虎鲨是如何支持生态系统的需求变得更加迫切了，以此呼吁人们不应该猎杀太多鲨鱼，因此人们应该采取行动保护虎鲨。故选D。
时文阅读——讲好中国故事
一、(一) 1. robotic 2. pollution 3. length
(二) 1. member 2. repair
(三) 1. worked on 2. up to
(四) With a better living habit, Jerry is much healthier than before.
二、答案速查 1—4 DBAA
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了中国科学家研发出的一种能清理“微塑料”的机器鱼。
1. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…the robots could help to clean up plastic pollution in oceans around the world.”可知选D。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They can swim up to 2.76 body lengths a second. This is faster than most similar soft robots.”可知选B。
3. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“And if a robotic fish is eaten by a real fish, it could safely digest the material.”可知，机器鱼若被真鱼误食，不会对真鱼造成伤害。故选A。
4. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The team says the robots can be controlled by light.”可知,机器鱼可以由灯光控制，而选项A“机器鱼使用灯光收集微塑料”表述错误。故选A。
三、 If robots are tiny enough to go inside our bodies, they can perform tasks like carrying medicine, cleaning up harmful things, repairing sick parts of our bodies, and helping doctors examine patients much better.(开放题,答案合理即可)

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