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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第4讲 阅读配对
一、广东考情（八年级期末）
1. 试卷结构：左边5段人物需求（5小题），右边A-F共6个选项，固定1个多余干扰项，每题2分，共10分。
2. 高频主题：社团兴趣、健康问题、旅游、书籍阅读、志愿活动、周末课程、生活求助、兴趣特长匹配。
3. 核心考点：快速抓取关键词、识别同义替换、区分主次需求、排除干扰信息，不考复杂长难句，重信息点对点对应。
二、标准四步解题法（考场万能流程，2分钟做完）
第一步：先读左边5道题干，圈画「关键词」（最关键）
拿到题不要先看右边选项，先逐句读5个人物需求，用笔圈出3类核心词：
1. 锁定类（优先级最高）：人名、数字、时间、地点、大写专有名词（Monday、art、hospital、summer camp）
2. 需求动词：want to do / like / hate / need / hope / have trouble / suffer from
3. 限定形容词/名词：爱好（dance、read history）、问题（backache、shy）、条件（cheap、only weekends、for kids）
※示例题干：
Tom loves painting. He wants to join an art class only on weekends.
圈画：painting、art class、only weekends
第二步：快速扫右侧A-F，给每个选项标注1个中心词
每段选项只读第一句（主旨句），用1个词概括本段内容，写在旁边：
A：painting weekend class
B：weekday music club
C：history book shop
D：sports summer camp
E：art weekday training
F：health doctor advice
作用：一眼区分选项主题，避免反复重读全文。
第三步：一题一匹配，关键词+同义替换双重验证（得分核心）
拿第1题圈好的关键词，逐个对照A-F标注的中心词，两种匹配方式：
1. 原词匹配（简单题）：题干出现的单词直接出现在选项里，优先锁定。
2. 同义替换（易错题，广东最爱考）
hobby = interest
have a sore throat = throat problem
on weekends = every Saturday and Sunday
want to learn drawing = take painting lessons
匹配铁律：必须满足题干全部核心需求，缺一不可
例：题干要求「美术+周末」，只满足美术、但课程在工作日的选项直接排除。
第四步：排除法+最后总检查，杜绝失分
1. 做完一题立刻划掉对应选项，已选不再二次使用，防止重复匹配。
2. 遇到不确定的题目先跳过，做完简单4题后，剩余题干和剩余选项自动配对。
3. 收尾检查3点：
① 5个答案无重复；② 所有人物需求全部满足；③ 多余干扰项确实完全不匹配任何一题。
三、关键词圈画分级（分清主次，不被次要信息误导）
必圈（决定正确答案）
需求、时间、地点、爱好、疾病、限制条件（only、no、cheap、free）
忽略（干扰垃圾信息）
人物年龄、性格简单修饰、无关小事（like fruit、walk to school）
例：
Lily is 13. She is quiet. She needs a cheap piano lesson on Sunday.
重点：cheap、piano lesson、Sunday；年龄quiet不用重点看。
四、3类干扰项识别技巧（广东高频挖坑点）
1. 部分匹配陷阱（最常见）
选项只满足题干其中一个需求，缺少核心条件。
题干：周末美术课；干扰项：美术课（周一至周五）
判断：缺少时间限定，直接排除。
2. 同义反义混淆
题干：hate noisy places（讨厌吵闹）；干扰项：a busy noisy club，意思相反，排除。
3. 无关主题干扰（多余F选项）
整段话题和5个人物需求完全无关，全程不用考虑。
4. 绝对词避雷
选项出现 only、all、never、must，务必核对题干是否有同等限定，90%为错误选项。
五、考场提速小技巧
1. 不逐词精读：全程扫读寻读，只有找到关键词对应句才细读，生词直接跳过。
2. 先易后难：原词直接匹配的题目先做完，模糊同义替换题留到最后。
3. 同义替换积累（八年级高频）
ake classes = have lessons
free = no money
outdoor sports = play outside
feel bad = have health problems
story books = novels
4. 标记法：匹配成功打√，明显不符打×，节省二次阅读时间。
六、完整真题示范（广东八年级常考题型）
左边题干
1. Jack likes reading old stories. He wants to buy history books.
关键词：read old stories、history books
2. Anna has a stomachache. She needs some health advice.
关键词：stomachache、health advice
右侧选项
A. A book store with many history story books.
B. A sports club for basketball lovers.
C. A doctor gives tips for stomach problems.
匹配：1-A（history books原词匹配）；2-C（stomachache=stomach problems同义替换）
七、满分答题口诀
先圈题干关键词，再标选项中心词；
原词优先同义补，全部需求才靠谱；
做完一题划掉项，剩余配对最难处
（1）
左栏是五位学生的兴趣爱好，右栏是七则活动的简介。请为每位学生的兴趣爱好配对对应的活动，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余项。
1 Alice loves drawing. She often creates pictures and likes to explain her drawings. She wants to talk about herself through art. 2 Bob is crazy about sports. He plays basketball and football, and he enjoys sharing his sports stories and achievements. 3 Cindy is good at playing the piano. She thinks music can show who she is, so she likes to introduce herself through music. 4 David loves reading books. He always writes down his thoughts after reading and wants to share his favourite books and reading experiences. 5 Emma is good at talking with others. She likes chatting with friends and sharing interesting things in her life. A．Do you like to express yourself with colours Join our art activity. Show your drawings and tell the stories behind them.B．For music fans, here you can play musical instruments and share how music changes your life. It’s a great way to talk about yourself.C． Come and make friends here! Read your favourite books with others and draw what you learn!D．Come to our sports sharing meeting. It’s for sports lovers! Introduce your sports skills and exciting game experiences.E. Music fans! We have a place for you to share how you create songs and then you can share them with others to let others know about you!F. If you love reading, our book-sharing place is for you. Talk about your favourite books and reading thoughts.G. Are you good at talking Join our life story sharing group. Share your interesting daily stories with others.
（2）
左栏是五位病人对健康问题的描述，右栏是七位专科医生的简介。请为每位病人匹配对应的医生。选项中有两项为多余项。
6 Alice is busy every day. She has problems getting to sleep at night. 7 James likes eating sweet food. He has four bad teeth and needs to get them fixed (修补). 8 Jimmy’s father likes drinking wine (酒). But he decided to give up drinking after the doctor said he had some health problems. 9 Jane always eats what she likes, such as meat. She finds that she is becoming fatter and fatter, but she can’t stop eating meat. 10 Tina has a high fever and such a bad headache that she can’t go to school. A．Dr Yu, one of the best dentists in Kangfu Hospital, has great skills in finding bad teeth.B．Dr Li is good at dealing with fever in both traditional Chinese and western medicine ways.C． Dr Liu has a lot of experience in helping people sleep well. She gives advice on how to relax from busy work.D．Dr Zhang is one of the top doctors in heart diseases. She is good at dealing with heart diseases.E. Dr Yang has a new way to help people give up drinking. She also does well in curing diseases caused by drinking.F. If you break or lose your teeth, go to Dr Smith’s. He can make new teeth for you.G. Dr Wang is ready to give advice on eating problems. He believes each sick person needs a different plan to change his or her eating habits.
（3）
左栏是五位中学生的烦恼, 右栏是七条建议, 请为每位学生选择合适的建议。选项中有两项为多余选项。
11 . My parents always tell me to keep my room tidy and my clothes clean. They even make me do chores after dinner every night. 12 . Eating too much makes me fat. I know I should cut down but find it hard to refuse delicious food. 13 . My dad always wants to know who I’m talking to on the phone. I don’t want to tell him, so we often argue. 14 . I moved to this city a month ago. I have no friends here and feel lonely. I miss my old school and friends. 15 . I had a fight with my best friend Kim. He was very angry. Now I know I was wrong but don’t know what to do. A．Your dad cares about you because he loves you. Why not share your friends and daily life with him He may give good advice. B．It’s normal to feel upset when your parents limit the time for your hobbies. You can make a clear plan to show them you can balance study and hobbies.C． Try to talk to new classmates actively. The friendlier you are, the more friends you’ll make at the new school. D．A good eating habit is important. Eat less junk food and exercise more, and you’ll be thinner and healthier. E. Doing homework every day is important. It helps review what you’ve learned and get good grades. F. A tidy room and clean clothes are good for both your study and mood. In fact, doing chores is a good way to learn life skills and responsibility.G. Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives. I think you should go to Kim and say sorry to him. You will be good friends again.
（4）
左栏是五个人的兴趣介绍，右栏是七个国家公园的描述，请为每个人 选择一个合适的国家公园。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16 Alan is crazy about exploring the rainforest and watching colourful rainforest birds 17 Jimmy dreams of climbing icy mountains. He is interested in some winter activities. 18 Amy likes wild animals like lions and elephants. She wants to learn how to protect them from dangers. 19 Jenny loves taking photos of some crystal-clear lakesand peaceful green grass. 20 Mia enjoys travelling in deserts. She’s obsessed (着迷的) with studying plants that can live in hot weather without much water. A．Kruger National ParkYou can see lions, elephants, and rhinos (犀牛) in the wild! Join the tours to learn how locals protect endangered animals too. This park is home to Africa’s “Big Five” animals!B．Hainan Tropical Rainforest National ParkYou can explore a wide range of rainforest to see colourful birds like parrots. This national park is full of insects and creatures only living in tropics (热带). C． Saguaro National ParkYou can discover giant cacti (仙人掌) taller than a house here! You are able to learn how desert plants save water in the hot, dry climate. Don’t forget your hat —it’s sunny here!D．Jotunheimen National ParkYou can climb icy mountains or camp under theaurora (极光)! Try ice fishing in frozen lakes. The park’s name means “Home of the Giants” in Norwegian—can you guess why E. Plitvice Lakes National ParkYou can enjoy the sparkling (闪闪发光的) lakes, surrounded (包围) by green grass. This national park is a great place for photography lovers. The lakes are so clear that you can see fish swimming below!F. Fiordland National ParkYou can ride a boat in this national park. You might see dolphins jumping in the water! This national park has lots of fjords (峡湾). Did you know Some fjords are deeper than the height of the Eiffel Tower. G. Zhangjiajie National Forest ParkYou can walk among towering sandstone pillars (砂岩柱) that seem to touch the clouds! This park is famous for its floating mountains and deep green valleys. Don’t miss the glass bridge hanging high above the canyon!
（5）
左栏是五位同学遇到的情况，右栏是七个建议，请为每位同学选择最合适的建议。选项中有两项为多余选项。
21 Mary was having a music class. Suddenly, she felt the ground was shaking, and some things in her classroom began to fall down. 22 Bill was doing his homework at home. Suddenly, the wind began to blow strongly. 23 Alice was on her way home. She was scared because there was thunder and lightning. 24 Mike was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the alarm went off because his neighbour’s house was on fire, and there was also smoke. 25 John was staying at home because it was snowing heavily. It was very cold outside. A．Don’t stay under trees or use phones. Keep away from the power line. B．Call the police at once. Then use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and go out of your home quickly. C． Go to the open space such as the playground. If it’s too late to go out of the classroom, you should stay in the corner of the classroom or under the strong desk.D．Don’t go out. The strong wind can blow things down and hurt people. Stay at home and close the doors and windows.E. Don’t go out. Prepare some water and food. Remember to keep warm. F. Don’t stand in the sun for a long time and drink enough water.G. Try to call the police if it’s possible. Remember what the thief (小偷) looks like and what clothes he wears.
（6）
左栏是五个人的行为习惯，右栏是七个国家的人文风俗，请为每个人 匹配对应的风俗。选项中有两项为多余选项。
26 Every time Alice goes to Kate’s house, she always comes half an hour late and then kisses Kate. 27 When Jack goes to a friend’s house, they shake hands with each other. However, Jack starts eating first when the dinner begins. The friend’s mother isn’t happy. 28 The waiter bows to customers, picks up some meat with chopsticks and scoops (舀出) some rice with a spoon. 29 At a bus stop, Tom says to the person next to him, “Hello! The weather is very good today, isn’t it ” 30 When Li Lei comes back or leaves her boarding (寄宿) house, she bows to the hostess. A．Brazilians often greet each other with hugs and kisses on the cheek, even among acquaintances (熟人) or in a business setting.B．If you are invited to a Mexican’s house, bring a gift such as flowers or sweets. And you can arrive 30 minutes late in most places. The usual greeting is a handshake or a nod of the head. Women often greet each other with a kiss on the face.C． In the United States, most people don’t talk about personal feelings with strangers. “Small talks” are popular. They often talk about some topics such as sport, weather, jobs or past experiences.D．Besides chopsticks, South Koreans regularly use soup spoons at meals. The chopsticks are used mainly for side dishes, while the spoon is for soup and rice. They bow when they meet for the first time.E. The bow is deeply embedded (根深蒂固) in Japanese culture. People bow when they meet and part (分别) from one another to express appreciation (感激).F. In Colombia, men often shake hands with everyone who enters a home, greets a group, or leaves. Women offer a greeting and may kiss each other on the face.G. In Switzerland, etiquette (礼仪) requires that guests should not start eating until the host or the eldest begins.
（7）
左栏是五位学生的经历或需求，右栏是七个相关的主题或建议。请为每位学生选择最合适的一项，其中有两项为多余选项。
31 Li Hua loves reading and wants to read more works that can enrich his mind and improve his literary literacy. 32 Zhang Ying is a kind girl and wants to do something to help others, showing her love and care. 33 Wang Tao has read Journey to the West and wants to know more about other Chinese classic literary works. 34 Chen Mei wants to take part in a volunteer activity but doesn’t know what kind of volunteer work she can do. 35 Liu Ming wants to understand the meaning of selflessness and learn to be a caring person. A．Read classic literary works, such as Dream of the Red Chamber and Romance of the Three Kingdoms.B．Take part in volunteer activities to help the elderly, such as taking care of their daily life.C． Learn to play a musical instrument to improve your hobby.D．Read more foreign classic works, such as Robinson Crusoe.E. Join a volunteer group to help homeless children, giving them books and education.F. Take part in sports activities to keep healthy.G. Do volunteer work regularly to understand the spirit of selflessness and caring.
（8）
左栏是四种志愿者工作的简介，右栏是四个人对志愿者工作的意向。请为不同的人找到各自适合的志愿者工作，将其与所给的五个情景描述相匹配，并将各规则所对应的选项填在相应的位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。
36 Alice is funny and outgoing. She always makes others laugh. She would like to help the kids in the hospital. 37 Sam does well in many kinds of sports. He wishes to teach students how to play sports in summer vacation. 38 Wang Mei lives in Guangzhou and goes to school by subway. She knows all the lines well. She’s free every Saturdayafternoon. 39 Zhang Feng’s a Chinese boy. He really wants to be a volunteer. He loves helping others, and he is very good at English. A．Volunteers Wanted for GZ Metro. There are nine subway lines now working in Guangzhou, so we need lots of volunteers from middle school to show the way on weekends. The volunteers must know Guangzhou well.B．Teachers Needed in the Care Center. Do you love kids Do you know how to teach them in the care center Do you want to be a teacher in the future If you do, please come to help with their schoolwork. That will be a great experience.C． Volunteers Wanted in the Summer Camp. If you are good at sports, please come to our summer camp. You will have a good time teaching students to play basketball and football. D．Volunteers Wanted in the Flower Show. Hundreds of volunteers are wanted in the flower show. The show will be on this Sunday in the city square. If you can speak both good Chinese and English, it will be better.E. Helpers Wanted in Children’s Hospital. Welcome to help cheer up the sick kids. If you are funny, that will be great. If not, being good with the kids is also fine. Just join us!
（9）
40 Tom wants to listen to music to relax after school. 41 Linda wants to keep healthy by doing sports. 42 Mike is growing up and wants to learn to look after himself. 43 Sally loves nature and wants to enjoy natural wonders. 44 Bob wants to read books to relax and open his mind. A．Nature Club: You can enjoy mountains, forests and beautiful plants.B．Music Corner: Listen to all kinds of relaxing music after school.C． Sports Club: Do exercise every day to keep strong and healthy.D．Reading Room: Read different books and enjoy reading time.E. Life Skill Class: Learn to look after yourself as you grow up.
（10）
配对阅读：左栏是五个人的情况，右栏是七条建议，请为每个人选择最合适的一条建议。
45 Tom always feels tired and can’t sleep well. 46 Linda is busy studying and never relaxes. 47 Jack is afraid of difficulties and wants to grow stronger. 48 Mary loves beautiful sights and wants to be close to nature. 49 Peter eats much junk food and is not healthy. A．Go hiking or have a picnic in the park on weekends.B．Stop eating junk food and eat more vegetables.C． Listen to soft music before sleeping and keep a regular time.D．Be brave and try to solve small problems by yourself.E. Spend an hour reading or walking every day to relax.F. Fight with your friends when you are unhappy.G. Stay up late to finish homework quickly.
参考答案
（1）
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文介绍了五位学生的兴趣爱好以及七则活动的简介，需要为每人匹配对应的活动。
【详解】1．Alice喜欢画画，想通过艺术表达自己。A项“Do you like to express yourself with colours ... Show your drawings and tell the stories behind them.”说明通过绘画表达自己并讲述背后的故事，与Alice的兴趣匹配。
2．Bob热爱运动，喜欢分享运动故事和成就。D项“Come to our sports sharing meeting...Introduce your sports skills and exciting game experiences.”说明介绍运动技能和激动人心的比赛经历，与Bob的兴趣匹配。
3．Cindy擅长弹钢琴，想通过音乐介绍自己。B项“For music fans, here you can play musical instruments and share how music changes your life...talk about yourself.”说明演奏乐器并分享音乐如何改变生活，与Cindy的兴趣匹配。
4．David喜欢读书，想分享喜欢的书和阅读经历。F项“If you love reading, our book-sharing place is for you. Talk about your favourite books and reading thoughts.”说明谈论喜欢的书和阅读想法，与David的兴趣匹配。
5．Emma擅长与人交谈，喜欢分享生活中的趣事。G项“Are you good at talking Join our life story sharing group. Share your interesting daily stories with others.”说明分享有趣的日常故事，与Emma的兴趣匹配。
（2）
6．C 7．A 8．E 9．G 10．B
【导语】本文左栏是五位病人对健康问题的描述，右栏是七位专科医生的简介，需为每位病人匹配对应的医生。
6．Alice每天很忙碌，晚上难以入睡，C项“Dr Liu has a lot of experience in helping people sleep well. She gives advice on how to relax from busy work.”说明刘医生在帮助人们改善睡眠方面经验丰富，能针对忙碌工作给出放松建议，与Alice入睡困难的健康问题高度匹配。
7．James喜欢吃甜食，有四颗坏牙需要修补，A项“Dr Yu, one of the best dentists in Kangfu Hospital, has great skills in finding bad teeth.”说明余医生是优秀的牙医，擅长发现坏牙，与James需要修补蛀牙的需求直接对应。
8．Jimmy的爸爸喜欢喝酒，医生告知有健康问题后决定戒酒，E项“Dr Yang has a new way to help people give up drinking. She also does well in curing diseases caused by drinking.”说明杨医生有方法帮助戒酒并治疗饮酒引起的疾病，与Jimmy爸爸戒酒及治疗相关健康问题的需求完全匹配。
9．Jane总是爱吃肉，发现自己越来越胖但无法停止吃肉，G项“Dr Wang is ready to give advice on eating problems. He believes each sick person needs a different plan to change his or her eating habits.”说明王医生针对饮食问题提供个性化建议，与Jane因爱吃肉导致肥胖但难以改变饮食习惯的困境相符。
10．Tina发高烧且头痛严重，无法上学，B项“Dr Li is good at dealing with fever in both traditional Chinese and western medicine ways.”说明李医生擅长用中西医方法治疗发烧，与Tina高烧头痛的症状高度匹配。
（3）
11．F 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，左栏是五个人物各自叙述的自己存在的问题，右栏是对应的建议内容。
11．根据“They even make me do chores after dinner every night.”可知，父母每天晚上都会让主人公饭后做家务，可推测建议应与做家务相关。选项F“整洁的房间和干净的衣服对你的学习和心情都有好处。事实上，做家务是学习生活技能和责任的好方法。”与之对应。
12．根据“Eating too much makes me fat.”可知，吃太多导致自己变得肥胖，可推测建议应与避免吃得过多相关。选项D“良好的饮食习惯很重要。少吃垃圾食品，多运动，你会更瘦更健康。”与之对应。
13．根据“My dad always wants to know who I’m talking to on the phone. I don’t want to tell him, so we often argue.”可知，爸爸想知道自己和谁通电话，但是自己不想告诉他，发生争吵，可推测建议应与爸爸之间的相处相关。选项A“你爸爸关心你是因为他爱你。为什么不和他分享你的朋友和日常生活呢？他可能会给出好的建议。”与之对应。
14．根据“I have no friends here and feel lonely.”可知，自己在这里没有朋友而且感到很孤单，可推测建议应与交朋友相关。选项C“尽量主动和新同学说话。你越友好，你在新学校交的朋友就越多。”与之对应。
15．根据“I had a fight with my best friend Kim.”可知，自己和最好的朋友发生了争执，可推测建议应与处理朋友矛盾相关。选项G“友谊是我们生活中最重要的事情之一。我认为你应该去找Kim，向他道歉。你们会再次成为好朋友。”与之对应。
（4）
16．B 17．D 18．A 19．E 20．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了五个人的兴趣爱好和七个国家公园的特色，要求为每个人选择合适的国家公园。
【详解】16．Alan热衷于探索雨林和观察色彩鲜艳的雨林鸟类。B选项“海南热带雨林国家公园”可以探索广阔的热带雨林，看到鹦鹉等色彩鲜艳的鸟类，公园里充满了仅生活在热带的昆虫和生物，符合Alan的需求。故选B。
17．Jimmy梦想攀登冰雪覆盖的山脉，对冬季活动感兴趣。D选项“尤通黑门国家公园”可以攀登冰雪覆盖的山脉或在极光下露营，尝试在结冰的湖面上冰钓，符合Jimmy的需求。故选D。
18．Amy喜欢狮子、大象等野生动物，想学习如何保护它们。A选项“克鲁格国家公园”可以看到野生狮子、大象和犀牛，参加游览活动可以了解当地人如何保护濒危动物，该公园是非洲“五大动物”的家园，符合Amy的需求。故选A。
19．Jenny喜欢拍摄清澈的湖泊和宁静的绿地。E选项“普利特维采湖群国家公园”可以欣赏闪闪发光的湖泊，被绿草环绕，是摄影爱好者的好去处，湖水清澈见底，符合Jenny的需求。故选E。
20．Mia喜欢在沙漠旅行，着迷于研究耐旱植物。C选项“萨瓜罗国家公园”可以发现比房子还高的巨型仙人掌，了解沙漠植物如何在炎热干燥的气候中储存水分，符合Mia的需求。故选C。
（5）
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．E
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要呈现了五位同学遇到的五种突发危险情况以及七条安全建议，要求为每位同学匹配最合适的建议。
【详解】21．根据第一段“she felt the ground was shaking”可知，Mary感到地面震动，这是地震。C建议“去开阔地方如操场。如果来不及离开教室，应待在教室角落或坚固桌子下”，与地震情况匹配。
22．根据第二段“the wind began to blow strongly”可知，Bill在家做作业时突然狂风大作。D建议“不要出门。强风可能吹倒东西伤人。待在家里，关好门窗”，与强风天气匹配。
23．根据第三段“She was scared because there was thunder and lightning.”可知，Alice在回家路上遇到打雷闪电。A建议“不要待在树下或使用手机。远离电线”，与雷雨天气匹配。
24．根据第四段“Suddenly, the alarm went off because his neighbour’s house was on fire, and there was also smoke.”可知，Mike在家看电视时警报响了，邻居家着火且有烟雾。B建议“立即报警。用湿布捂住口鼻，迅速离开家”，与火灾情况匹配。
25．根据第五段“It was very cold outside.”可知，John因大雪待在家里，外面非常冷。E建议“不要出门。准备一些水和食物。记得保暖”，与大雪极寒天气匹配。
（6）
26．B 27．G 28．D 29．C 30．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的人文风俗，以匹配Alice、Jack服务员、w、服务员、Tom、Li Lei各自的行为习惯。
【详解】26．题干中提到Alice去Kate家总是“迟到半小时”(half an hour late)并且“亲吻”(kisses)对方。选项B中提到去墨西哥人家做客“可以晚到 30 分钟”(arrive 30 minutes late)，且女性之间通常“亲吻对方的脸”(kiss on the face)。关键词“30 minutes late”和“kiss”完全匹配。
27．题干中Jack在朋友家“先开始吃饭”(starts eating first)，导致朋友母亲不高兴。选项G提到瑞士礼仪要求客人“直到主人或最年长者开始用餐前不要开始用餐”(not start eating until the host or the eldest begins)。关键词“starts eating”与礼仪要求相符。
28．题干中服务员使用“筷子”(chopsticks)夹肉，用“勺子”(spoon)舀米饭。选项D提到韩国人除了筷子还经常使用“汤勺”(soup spoons)，勺子用于“汤和米饭”(soup and rice)。关键词“chopsticks”、“spoon”和“rice”匹配。
29．题干中Tom在公交站与陌生人谈论“天气”(weather)。选项C项提到在美国与陌生人“闲聊”(Small talks)很流行，话题包括“天气”(weather)等。关键词“weather”和陌生人交谈场景匹配。
30．题干中Li Lei回来或离开时向女主人“鞠躬”(bows)。选项E提到“鞠躬”(bow)在日本文化中根深蒂固，人们在“见面和分别”(meet and part)时鞠躬。关键词“bows”以及“回来或离开”对应“见面和分别”。
（7）
31．D 32．E 33．A 34．B 35．G
【导语】本文主要介绍了五位学生分别有着阅读提升、帮助他人、了解名著、参与志愿、学习无私品质的不同需求，需要匹配对应的合理建议。
31．李华热爱阅读，想要读物充实大脑、提升文学素养。D项“Read more foreign classic works, such as Robinson Crusoe.”贴合阅读需求，符合题意。
32．张颖心地善良，想要做事帮助他人、传递关爱。E项“Join a volunteer group to help homeless children, giving them books and education.”是助人的志愿方式，贴合她的想法。
33．王涛读过《西游记》，想了解更多中国经典文学作品。A项“Read classic literary works, such as Dream of the Red Chamber and Romance of the Three Kingdoms .”对应中国古典名著，匹配需求。
34．陈梅想参加志愿活动，但不知道具体做什么。B项“Take part in volunteer activities to help the elderly, such as taking care of their daily life.”给出了具体的志愿工作，衔接需求。
35．刘明想要理解无私的意义，学会做有爱心的人。G项“Do volunteer work regularly to understand the spirit of selflessness and caring.”紧扣无私与关爱，符合对话逻辑与个人诉求。
（8）
36．E 37．C 38．A 39．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，左栏是四个人的志愿者意向，右栏是五种志愿者工作的简介，需要将每个人与最匹配的志愿者岗位进行配对，其中一个选项为多余项。
【详解】36．根据左边第 1 个人物描述“Welcome to help cheer up the sick kids. If you are funny, that will be great.” Alice性格风趣外向、爱逗人笑，且想帮助医院里的孩子，与E中“医院儿童志愿者、需要有趣的人”完全匹配。
37．根据左边第 2 个人物描述“If you are good at sports, please come to our summer camp. You will have a good time teaching students to play basketball and football.” Sam擅长多种运动，想在暑假教学生运动，与C中“夏令营体育教学”直接对应。
38．根据左边第 3 个人物描述“we need lots of volunteers from middle school to show the way on weekends. The volunteers must know Guangzhou well.” Wang Mei住在广州、熟悉所有地铁线路、每周六下午有空，与A中“广州地铁周末指路志愿者”完全吻合。
39．根据左边第 4 个人物描述“If you can speak both good Chinese and English, it will be better.” Zhang Feng是中国男孩、热爱助人、英语很好，与D中“花展志愿者、需要中英双语”匹配。
（9）
40．B 41．C 42．E 43．A 44．D
【导语】本文是应用文，介绍了五个学生的课余需求及对应的适合他们的俱乐部或课程。
40．Tom想放学后听音乐放松，B选项“Music Corner: Listen to all kinds of relaxing music after school.”提供各类放松音乐，匹配需求。
41．Linda想通过运动保持健康，C选项“Sports Club: Do exercise every day to keep strong and healthy.”强调每日锻炼以保持健康，符合要求。
42．Mike想学习照顾自己，E选项“Life Skill Class: Learn to look after yourself as you grow up.”专注于成长中自我照顾能力的学习，对应需求。
43．Sally热爱自然，A选项“Nature Club: You can enjoy mountains, forests and beautiful plants.”可欣赏山脉、森林等自然景观，满足其对自然奇观的兴趣。
44．Bob想通过读书放松和开阔思维，D选项“Reading Room: Read different books and enjoy reading time.”提供书籍阅读和阅读时光，匹配需求。
（10）
45．C 46．E 47．D 48．A 49．B
【导语】本文主要依据五个人在睡眠、放松、心理成长、亲近自然和饮食健康方面的不同困扰，为他们分别匹配了科学、可行的生活建议，帮助他们改善生活状态。
【详解】45．Tom的问题是“疲劳、睡不好”。建议“Listen to soft music before sleeping and keep a regular time”中，直接针对“睡眠问题”给出了科学的改善方法，应填C。
46．Linda的问题是“一直学习，从不放松”。建议“Spend an hour reading or walking every day to relax”中， 解决了她“缺乏放松”的问题，应填E。
47．Jack的问题是“害怕困难，想要变强”。建议“Be brave and try to solve small problems by yourself”中的建议是“勇敢一点，试着自己解决问题”，正是克服畏难情绪、让自己变得更强大的方法，应填D。
48．Mary的需求是“喜欢美景，想亲近自然”。建议“Go hiking or have a picnic in the park on weekends”，这些活动能让她接触到自然景色，满足她亲近自然的愿望。应填A。
49．Peter的问题是“吃太多垃圾食品，不健康”。建议“Stop eating junk food and eat more vegetables”针对他的不良饮食习惯，给出了改善健康的具体方法。应填B。
解题技巧
真题提升专项练习
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【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第4讲 阅读配对
一、广东考情（八年级期末）
1. 试卷结构：左边5段人物需求（5小题），右边A-F共6个选项，固定1个多余干扰项，每题2分，共10分。
2. 高频主题：社团兴趣、健康问题、旅游、书籍阅读、志愿活动、周末课程、生活求助、兴趣特长匹配。
3. 核心考点：快速抓取关键词、识别同义替换、区分主次需求、排除干扰信息，不考复杂长难句，重信息点对点对应。
二、标准四步解题法（考场万能流程，2分钟做完）
第一步：先读左边5道题干，圈画「关键词」（最关键）
拿到题不要先看右边选项，先逐句读5个人物需求，用笔圈出3类核心词：
1. 锁定类（优先级最高）：人名、数字、时间、地点、大写专有名词（Monday、art、hospital、summer camp）
2. 需求动词：want to do / like / hate / need / hope / have trouble / suffer from
3. 限定形容词/名词：爱好（dance、read history）、问题（backache、shy）、条件（cheap、only weekends、for kids）
※示例题干：
Tom loves painting. He wants to join an art class only on weekends.
圈画：painting、art class、only weekends
第二步：快速扫右侧A-F，给每个选项标注1个中心词
每段选项只读第一句（主旨句），用1个词概括本段内容，写在旁边：
A：painting weekend class
B：weekday music club
C：history book shop
D：sports summer camp
E：art weekday training
F：health doctor advice
作用：一眼区分选项主题，避免反复重读全文。
第三步：一题一匹配，关键词+同义替换双重验证（得分核心）
拿第1题圈好的关键词，逐个对照A-F标注的中心词，两种匹配方式：
1. 原词匹配（简单题）：题干出现的单词直接出现在选项里，优先锁定。
2. 同义替换（易错题，广东最爱考）
hobby = interest
have a sore throat = throat problem
on weekends = every Saturday and Sunday
want to learn drawing = take painting lessons
匹配铁律：必须满足题干全部核心需求，缺一不可
例：题干要求「美术+周末」，只满足美术、但课程在工作日的选项直接排除。
第四步：排除法+最后总检查，杜绝失分
1. 做完一题立刻划掉对应选项，已选不再二次使用，防止重复匹配。
2. 遇到不确定的题目先跳过，做完简单4题后，剩余题干和剩余选项自动配对。
3. 收尾检查3点：
① 5个答案无重复；② 所有人物需求全部满足；③ 多余干扰项确实完全不匹配任何一题。
三、关键词圈画分级（分清主次，不被次要信息误导）
必圈（决定正确答案）
需求、时间、地点、爱好、疾病、限制条件（only、no、cheap、free）
忽略（干扰垃圾信息）
人物年龄、性格简单修饰、无关小事（like fruit、walk to school）
例：
Lily is 13. She is quiet. She needs a cheap piano lesson on Sunday.
重点：cheap、piano lesson、Sunday；年龄quiet不用重点看。
四、3类干扰项识别技巧（广东高频挖坑点）
1. 部分匹配陷阱（最常见）
选项只满足题干其中一个需求，缺少核心条件。
题干：周末美术课；干扰项：美术课（周一至周五）
判断：缺少时间限定，直接排除。
2. 同义反义混淆
题干：hate noisy places（讨厌吵闹）；干扰项：a busy noisy club，意思相反，排除。
3. 无关主题干扰（多余F选项）
整段话题和5个人物需求完全无关，全程不用考虑。
4. 绝对词避雷
选项出现 only、all、never、must，务必核对题干是否有同等限定，90%为错误选项。
五、考场提速小技巧
1. 不逐词精读：全程扫读寻读，只有找到关键词对应句才细读，生词直接跳过。
2. 先易后难：原词直接匹配的题目先做完，模糊同义替换题留到最后。
3. 同义替换积累（八年级高频）
ake classes = have lessons
free = no money
outdoor sports = play outside
feel bad = have health problems
story books = novels
4. 标记法：匹配成功打√，明显不符打×，节省二次阅读时间。
六、完整真题示范（广东八年级常考题型）
左边题干
1. Jack likes reading old stories. He wants to buy history books.
关键词：read old stories、history books
2. Anna has a stomachache. She needs some health advice.
关键词：stomachache、health advice
右侧选项
A. A book store with many history story books.
B. A sports club for basketball lovers.
C. A doctor gives tips for stomach problems.
匹配：1-A（history books原词匹配）；2-C（stomachache=stomach problems同义替换）
七、满分答题口诀
先圈题干关键词，再标选项中心词；
原词优先同义补，全部需求才靠谱；
做完一题划掉项，剩余配对最难处
（1）
左栏是五位学生的兴趣爱好，右栏是七则活动的简介。请为每位学生的兴趣爱好配对对应的活动，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余项。
1 Alice loves drawing. She often creates pictures and likes to explain her drawings. She wants to talk about herself through art. 2 Bob is crazy about sports. He plays basketball and football, and he enjoys sharing his sports stories and achievements. 3 Cindy is good at playing the piano. She thinks music can show who she is, so she likes to introduce herself through music. 4 David loves reading books. He always writes down his thoughts after reading and wants to share his favourite books and reading experiences. 5 Emma is good at talking with others. She likes chatting with friends and sharing interesting things in her life. A．Do you like to express yourself with colours Join our art activity. Show your drawings and tell the stories behind them.B．For music fans, here you can play musical instruments and share how music changes your life. It’s a great way to talk about yourself.C． Come and make friends here! Read your favourite books with others and draw what you learn!D．Come to our sports sharing meeting. It’s for sports lovers! Introduce your sports skills and exciting game experiences.E. Music fans! We have a place for you to share how you create songs and then you can share them with others to let others know about you!F. If you love reading, our book-sharing place is for you. Talk about your favourite books and reading thoughts.G. Are you good at talking Join our life story sharing group. Share your interesting daily stories with others.
（2）
左栏是五位病人对健康问题的描述，右栏是七位专科医生的简介。请为每位病人匹配对应的医生。选项中有两项为多余项。
6 Alice is busy every day. She has problems getting to sleep at night. 7 James likes eating sweet food. He has four bad teeth and needs to get them fixed (修补). 8 Jimmy’s father likes drinking wine (酒). But he decided to give up drinking after the doctor said he had some health problems. 9 Jane always eats what she likes, such as meat. She finds that she is becoming fatter and fatter, but she can’t stop eating meat. 10 Tina has a high fever and such a bad headache that she can’t go to school. A．Dr Yu, one of the best dentists in Kangfu Hospital, has great skills in finding bad teeth.B．Dr Li is good at dealing with fever in both traditional Chinese and western medicine ways.C． Dr Liu has a lot of experience in helping people sleep well. She gives advice on how to relax from busy work.D．Dr Zhang is one of the top doctors in heart diseases. She is good at dealing with heart diseases.E. Dr Yang has a new way to help people give up drinking. She also does well in curing diseases caused by drinking.F. If you break or lose your teeth, go to Dr Smith’s. He can make new teeth for you.G. Dr Wang is ready to give advice on eating problems. He believes each sick person needs a different plan to change his or her eating habits.
（3）
左栏是五位中学生的烦恼, 右栏是七条建议, 请为每位学生选择合适的建议。选项中有两项为多余选项。
11 . My parents always tell me to keep my room tidy and my clothes clean. They even make me do chores after dinner every night. 12 . Eating too much makes me fat. I know I should cut down but find it hard to refuse delicious food. 13 . My dad always wants to know who I’m talking to on the phone. I don’t want to tell him, so we often argue. 14 . I moved to this city a month ago. I have no friends here and feel lonely. I miss my old school and friends. 15 . I had a fight with my best friend Kim. He was very angry. Now I know I was wrong but don’t know what to do. A．Your dad cares about you because he loves you. Why not share your friends and daily life with him He may give good advice. B．It’s normal to feel upset when your parents limit the time for your hobbies. You can make a clear plan to show them you can balance study and hobbies.C． Try to talk to new classmates actively. The friendlier you are, the more friends you’ll make at the new school. D．A good eating habit is important. Eat less junk food and exercise more, and you’ll be thinner and healthier. E. Doing homework every day is important. It helps review what you’ve learned and get good grades. F. A tidy room and clean clothes are good for both your study and mood. In fact, doing chores is a good way to learn life skills and responsibility.G. Friendship is one of the most important things in our lives. I think you should go to Kim and say sorry to him. You will be good friends again.
（4）
左栏是五个人的兴趣介绍，右栏是七个国家公园的描述，请为每个人 选择一个合适的国家公园。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16 Alan is crazy about exploring the rainforest and watching colourful rainforest birds 17 Jimmy dreams of climbing icy mountains. He is interested in some winter activities. 18 Amy likes wild animals like lions and elephants. She wants to learn how to protect them from dangers. 19 Jenny loves taking photos of some crystal-clear lakesand peaceful green grass. 20 Mia enjoys travelling in deserts. She’s obsessed (着迷的) with studying plants that can live in hot weather without much water. A．Kruger National ParkYou can see lions, elephants, and rhinos (犀牛) in the wild! Join the tours to learn how locals protect endangered animals too. This park is home to Africa’s “Big Five” animals!B．Hainan Tropical Rainforest National ParkYou can explore a wide range of rainforest to see colourful birds like parrots. This national park is full of insects and creatures only living in tropics (热带). C． Saguaro National ParkYou can discover giant cacti (仙人掌) taller than a house here! You are able to learn how desert plants save water in the hot, dry climate. Don’t forget your hat —it’s sunny here!D．Jotunheimen National ParkYou can climb icy mountains or camp under theaurora (极光)! Try ice fishing in frozen lakes. The park’s name means “Home of the Giants” in Norwegian—can you guess why E. Plitvice Lakes National ParkYou can enjoy the sparkling (闪闪发光的) lakes, surrounded (包围) by green grass. This national park is a great place for photography lovers. The lakes are so clear that you can see fish swimming below!F. Fiordland National ParkYou can ride a boat in this national park. You might see dolphins jumping in the water! This national park has lots of fjords (峡湾). Did you know Some fjords are deeper than the height of the Eiffel Tower. G. Zhangjiajie National Forest ParkYou can walk among towering sandstone pillars (砂岩柱) that seem to touch the clouds! This park is famous for its floating mountains and deep green valleys. Don’t miss the glass bridge hanging high above the canyon!
（5）
左栏是五位同学遇到的情况，右栏是七个建议，请为每位同学选择最合适的建议。选项中有两项为多余选项。
21 Mary was having a music class. Suddenly, she felt the ground was shaking, and some things in her classroom began to fall down. 22 Bill was doing his homework at home. Suddenly, the wind began to blow strongly. 23 Alice was on her way home. She was scared because there was thunder and lightning. 24 Mike was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the alarm went off because his neighbour’s house was on fire, and there was also smoke. 25 John was staying at home because it was snowing heavily. It was very cold outside. A．Don’t stay under trees or use phones. Keep away from the power line. B．Call the police at once. Then use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and go out of your home quickly. C． Go to the open space such as the playground. If it’s too late to go out of the classroom, you should stay in the corner of the classroom or under the strong desk.D．Don’t go out. The strong wind can blow things down and hurt people. Stay at home and close the doors and windows.E. Don’t go out. Prepare some water and food. Remember to keep warm. F. Don’t stand in the sun for a long time and drink enough water.G. Try to call the police if it’s possible. Remember what the thief (小偷) looks like and what clothes he wears.
（6）
左栏是五个人的行为习惯，右栏是七个国家的人文风俗，请为每个人 匹配对应的风俗。选项中有两项为多余选项。
26 Every time Alice goes to Kate’s house, she always comes half an hour late and then kisses Kate. 27 When Jack goes to a friend’s house, they shake hands with each other. However, Jack starts eating first when the dinner begins. The friend’s mother isn’t happy. 28 The waiter bows to customers, picks up some meat with chopsticks and scoops (舀出) some rice with a spoon. 29 At a bus stop, Tom says to the person next to him, “Hello! The weather is very good today, isn’t it ” 30 When Li Lei comes back or leaves her boarding (寄宿) house, she bows to the hostess. A．Brazilians often greet each other with hugs and kisses on the cheek, even among acquaintances (熟人) or in a business setting.B．If you are invited to a Mexican’s house, bring a gift such as flowers or sweets. And you can arrive 30 minutes late in most places. The usual greeting is a handshake or a nod of the head. Women often greet each other with a kiss on the face.C． In the United States, most people don’t talk about personal feelings with strangers. “Small talks” are popular. They often talk about some topics such as sport, weather, jobs or past experiences.D．Besides chopsticks, South Koreans regularly use soup spoons at meals. The chopsticks are used mainly for side dishes, while the spoon is for soup and rice. They bow when they meet for the first time.E. The bow is deeply embedded (根深蒂固) in Japanese culture. People bow when they meet and part (分别) from one another to express appreciation (感激).F. In Colombia, men often shake hands with everyone who enters a home, greets a group, or leaves. Women offer a greeting and may kiss each other on the face.G. In Switzerland, etiquette (礼仪) requires that guests should not start eating until the host or the eldest begins.
（7）
左栏是五位学生的经历或需求，右栏是七个相关的主题或建议。请为每位学生选择最合适的一项，其中有两项为多余选项。
31 Li Hua loves reading and wants to read more works that can enrich his mind and improve his literary literacy. 32 Zhang Ying is a kind girl and wants to do something to help others, showing her love and care. 33 Wang Tao has read Journey to the West and wants to know more about other Chinese classic literary works. 34 Chen Mei wants to take part in a volunteer activity but doesn’t know what kind of volunteer work she can do. 35 Liu Ming wants to understand the meaning of selflessness and learn to be a caring person. A．Read classic literary works, such as Dream of the Red Chamber and Romance of the Three Kingdoms.B．Take part in volunteer activities to help the elderly, such as taking care of their daily life.C． Learn to play a musical instrument to improve your hobby.D．Read more foreign classic works, such as Robinson Crusoe.E. Join a volunteer group to help homeless children, giving them books and education.F. Take part in sports activities to keep healthy.G. Do volunteer work regularly to understand the spirit of selflessness and caring.
（8）
左栏是四种志愿者工作的简介，右栏是四个人对志愿者工作的意向。请为不同的人找到各自适合的志愿者工作，将其与所给的五个情景描述相匹配，并将各规则所对应的选项填在相应的位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。
36 Alice is funny and outgoing. She always makes others laugh. She would like to help the kids in the hospital. 37 Sam does well in many kinds of sports. He wishes to teach students how to play sports in summer vacation. 38 Wang Mei lives in Guangzhou and goes to school by subway. She knows all the lines well. She’s free every Saturdayafternoon. 39 Zhang Feng’s a Chinese boy. He really wants to be a volunteer. He loves helping others, and he is very good at English. A．Volunteers Wanted for GZ Metro. There are nine subway lines now working in Guangzhou, so we need lots of volunteers from middle school to show the way on weekends. The volunteers must know Guangzhou well.B．Teachers Needed in the Care Center. Do you love kids Do you know how to teach them in the care center Do you want to be a teacher in the future If you do, please come to help with their schoolwork. That will be a great experience.C． Volunteers Wanted in the Summer Camp. If you are good at sports, please come to our summer camp. You will have a good time teaching students to play basketball and football. D．Volunteers Wanted in the Flower Show. Hundreds of volunteers are wanted in the flower show. The show will be on this Sunday in the city square. If you can speak both good Chinese and English, it will be better.E. Helpers Wanted in Children’s Hospital. Welcome to help cheer up the sick kids. If you are funny, that will be great. If not, being good with the kids is also fine. Just join us!
（9）
40 Tom wants to listen to music to relax after school. 41 Linda wants to keep healthy by doing sports. 42 Mike is growing up and wants to learn to look after himself. 43 Sally loves nature and wants to enjoy natural wonders. 44 Bob wants to read books to relax and open his mind. A．Nature Club: You can enjoy mountains, forests and beautiful plants.B．Music Corner: Listen to all kinds of relaxing music after school.C． Sports Club: Do exercise every day to keep strong and healthy.D．Reading Room: Read different books and enjoy reading time.E. Life Skill Class: Learn to look after yourself as you grow up.
（10）
配对阅读：左栏是五个人的情况，右栏是七条建议，请为每个人选择最合适的一条建议。
45 Tom always feels tired and can’t sleep well. 46 Linda is busy studying and never relaxes. 47 Jack is afraid of difficulties and wants to grow stronger. 48 Mary loves beautiful sights and wants to be close to nature. 49 Peter eats much junk food and is not healthy. A．Go hiking or have a picnic in the park on weekends.B．Stop eating junk food and eat more vegetables.C． Listen to soft music before sleeping and keep a regular time.D．Be brave and try to solve small problems by yourself.E. Spend an hour reading or walking every day to relax.F. Fight with your friends when you are unhappy.G. Stay up late to finish homework quickly.
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