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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第5讲 语法填空
语法填空固定10空，分两类：有提示词（6～7空）、无提示词（3～4空），阅卷判分只看形式、固定搭配、时态、主谓一致。
一、阅卷核心扣分点（先避坑）
1. 有词不给变形、单复数/三单/过去式漏改，直接0分；
2. 冠词a/an/the、介词固定搭配写错，无分；
3. 大小写、单词拼写错误一律不得分；
4. 连词逻辑错（but/so/and混用）整空作废。
二、两大题型分步解题模板
题型1：括号给提示词（必考6大变形方向）
拿到提示词，按顺序判断，一步出答案：
1. 动词（考最多，时态/语态/非谓语）
判断三步：
① 句中有没有谓语动词？
已有谓语→填非谓语：to do（目的/打算）、doing（作主语/介词后）、done（被动/完成）
无谓语→判断时态：
看时间标志：yesterday/last…→过去式；every day→一般现在；since/for→现在完成；at 8 last night→过去进行
② 看主语：第三人称单数+一般现在→加s/es
③ 判断主动被动：人被/物被→be done
固定阅卷高频搭配：
want/hope/plan/decide + to do
enjoy/practice/finish/mind + doing
tell/ask/encourage sb. to do
2. 名词
线索：前面有many, some, several, two, all, a lot of
规则：可数名词变复数；不可数不变；
特殊：child→children、foot→feet；以s/x/ch/sh加es
3. 形容词 & 副词
线索1：修饰名词→用形容词；修饰动词/整个句子→用副词（+ly）
线索2：than（比较级）、in/of+范围（最高级the+est/most）
线索3：系动词look/be/sound后用形容词
4. 代词
主格I/he/she（作主语）；宾格me/him/her（动词/介词后）；
形容词性物主代词my/his +名词；名词性物主代词mine/yours；
反身代词：hurt oneself、enjoy oneself
5. 数词
基数词变序数词：one→first，two→second，nine→ninth
6. 动词变名词/形容词（词性转换）
care→careful/carefully；help→helpful；differ→difference
题型2：无提示词（只填1个小词，3～4空，阅卷固定4类答案）
只能填：冠词、介词、连词、代词、情态动词
1. 冠词 a / an / the
第一次出现单数可数名词：辅音a，元音an
特指双方都知道、上文提过、独一无二事物：the
2. 介词（固定搭配必背）
时间：on+具体日期/星期；in+年/月/早中晚；at+时刻
固定短语：be good at、look forward to、thanks for、with（伴随）、without（没有）
3. 并列连词 and / but / so / or
前后顺承and；转折but；结果so；选择or
4. 从句连词（八年级必考）
宾语从句：that/if/whether/wh-词(what/who/where/when)
状语从句：when（当…时）、if（如果）、because（因为）、though（虽然）、until（直到）
5. 限定代词：some/any/all/both；情态can/may/must
三、考场标准4步做题法（阅卷人推荐流程）
1. 通读全文1遍
看懂故事时态（全文统一时态，90%文章通篇一般过去时），圈时间词。
2. 先做有提示词空
优先变形，标记时态、单复数、词性，这类空分值好拿。
3. 再攻克无提示词空
结合前后单词搭配，判断填冠词/介词/连词。
4. 回读检查（阅卷最看重一步）
自查4点：
① 动词时态、主谓一致正确；
② 名词单复数无误；
③ 副词形容词不混用；
④ 无提示词只填一个单词，不填短语。
四、八年级期末高频考点（广东卷出题侧重）
1. 动词变形：一般过去式、现在完成时、to do / doing非谓语
2. 比较级最高级、副词ly变化
3. 介词固定搭配（on/in/at/for/with）
4. 宾语从句连接词、though/but逻辑连词
5. 反身代词、物主代词转换
6. a/an/the冠词区分
五、阅卷人独家避坑提醒（极易丢分）
1. 现在完成时标志since/for，动词必须变have done，不能写过去式；
2. 介词后面动词一定加doing（look forward to doing）；
3. though和but不能同时出现，出现一个另一个删掉；
4. 最高级前面必须加the，漏the直接扣分；
5. 不规则变形牢记：go-went-gone、eat-ate-eaten，拼写错零分。
六、速记答题口诀
给词先判动名形，时态词性要分明；
无词冠词介连代，一空只填单个词；
than见比较，范围用最高；
介词后跟doing，主谓一致别忘掉；
通篇时态统一看，回读一遍防丢分。
（1）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, children spend more and more time 1 (play) video games.
For many children, video games are fun and can do away with bad 2 (feeling). And children have to move their hands and eyes 3 (quick) while playing video games. They can make children think fast. Video games are also a good way 4 (teach) children about computers. They can learn about how computers work.
However, research also 5 (show) that video games can be bad for children. Some video games are 6 (danger). 7 number of children get lost in video games, miss out on sweet moments with loved ones and are deaf 8 the real world. They even have no time to do homework and get bad grades. Video games do no good to children's social skills (技能) either. If children always play by 9 (they), they can’t learn how to connect with their friends.
All in all, video games can be both good 10 bad. Children can play video games, but they should learn to balance it with other things in life.
（2）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After-school study is necessary for students. 11 (prepare) for English tests can help us get good grades. 12 we don’t have good study plans, we may waste time.
It’s also important to communicate 13 our parents. When we have problems, we should talk to them 14 (open). Don’t be afraid 15 (tell) them the truth. 16 they are strict, they just want us to be happy.
Here is some 17 (help) advice. 18 you feel stressed, you can take a walk or listen to music. 19 this way, you can keep a clear mind. Remember, growing up means learning to be independent and responsible. 20 you work hard, you will surely make progress.
（3）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know Sally Seamans She is 21 American writer. She tells young students some smart ways to find friends. In 22 (she) opinion, building friendship is just like planting a tree. You should plant the seed (种子) and take care of it to make it grow 23 (good).
Firstly, you should choose a friend. A good friend should be 24 (friend) and patient. For example, if something bad 25 (happen) to you, a good friend could listen to you. And he or she should offer help to you.
26 (second), you can’t be too shy. You should often communicate and share your life 27 your friend. 28 , even best friends have fights. What should you do 29 you argue with your friend Maybe you won’t talk to him or her. If so, you won’t be friends anymore. You need to keep on 30 (talk) to him or her instead. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you can write a letter. That works.
（4）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yellow River 31 (carry) water from the west mountains to the east sea for thousands of years. It is the second longest river in China, stretching for more than 5,400 kilometers 32 it plays an important role in Chinese history.
As one of the oldest great 33 (civilization), China is famous 34 both its natural wonders and cultural treasures. The Great Wall is one of the 35 (large) man made wonders in the world. People built it 36 (protect) the country in ancient times. The Silk Road connected China with many other countries and helped the 37 (develop) of trade.
Today, many 38 (part) of China still keep their amazing natural beauty. Take a trip, and you 39 (find) how wonderful our country is! It is our duty 40 (protect) these great treasures.
（5）
阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know an amazing waterfall in Guizhou It’s the Huangguoshu Waterfall, the 41 (one) largest waterfall in Asia. It is 42 (big) than many waterfalls in Europe. However, it is 43 (popular) than any other waterfall in China because of its great power.
It is also one of the 44 (great) natural wonders in China. Among all the waterfalls, the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the 45 (fantastic). The waterfall is between Guizhou and Guangxi. It is about 100 metres wide in the rainy season and it becomes much 46 (narrow) in the dry season, only 40 metres wide.
The reason why it is famous is that the water falls down from a high place. The river is about 200 metres wide above the waterfall, but below it, the river becomes 47 (little) than 20 metres wide. You can feel the 48 (power) water when you stand close. If you get as 49 (near) as possible to the waterfall, you can even feel the wind it brings.
As one of the 50 (surprising) places in China, it attracts millions of visitors every year.
（6）
阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, a really strong typhoon came to my neighbourhood. It made everything go wrong. A few days before,the weather report said there would be a lot of rain and floods. People in my area didn’t waste any time. They quickly moved their 51 (importance) things to higher places in their homes. Some even put sandbags in front of their doors to stop the water.
52 the flood came, it happened very fast. The water 53 (cover) the streets. It got so high that cars and bikes were floating (漂浮), just like toys in a bathtub. The water 54 (slow) went into houses that were low to the ground. Some people had to climb onto their 55 (roof) and wait for help. Our neighbourhood, which is usually busy and clean, looked like 56 big lake. It was hard to believe my eyes.
This flood showed me 57 powerful nature can be. A few months ago, we didn’t have enough water because 58 a drought. Now, we had too much water, and it caused so many problems. After the flood, the government sent 59 (we) food and clean water. Neighbours worked together to clean up the mess. They used brooms to sweep away the mud and dirt.
I hope that in the future, we can find much 60 (good) ways to protect our homes from these bad storms. If we work together and plan ahead, we can keep our neighbourhoods safe.
（7）
阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, I visited my Chinese friend Xiao Wei for the first time. Before dinner, he gave me some advice on Chinese table manners. He said, “Don’t stick your chopsticks 61 a bowl of rice. It is considered very rude.” I thought that was 62 (surprise) because in my country we don’t have that custom.
When we sat down at the table, I felt a little 63 (confuse). There were many shared dishes in the middle. Xiao Wei told me, “You should use the serving chopsticks 64 (take) food from the shared dishes.” I tried my best 65 (follow) his advice.
During the meal, I wanted to reach for a dish that was far away. Xiao Wei 66 (quiet) said, “Don’t stand up to reach for food. Just ask someone 67 (pass) it to you.” So I did as he said.
After dinner, I thanked Xiao Wei’s parents and said that everything was delicious. They were very happy. Xiao Wei told me, “You did a great job 68 a guest.”
I learned that good table manners are very important 69 you want to show respect to the host. Now I am more confident when I eat with Chinese friends. I 70 (real) enjoy learning about different cultures!
（8）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know how people greet each other in different countries In Japan, people 71 when they meet. It shows respect. In America, they often shake 72 (hand) when they meet for the first time. In France, people kiss friends on the 73 . Good friends may 74 each other when they meet again. In 75 (form) actions, people like to use polite ways. Last week, my foreign friend came to China. We shook hands first. 76 he kissed me on the cheek. I felt a little surprised 77 happy. It is very important to learn about these customs 78 we visit other countries. They help us communicate better and make more 79 (friend). Different greetings make the world interesting. Experiencing these cultural 80 (different) is an unforgettable experience.
（9）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Volunteering is a great way to help others. I love being a volunteer! I 81 (work) with a sports organization for almost three years. Since I started, I 82 (help) out at over ten different sports events. I 83 (make) many new friends and I have even 84 (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I met two national football players from Argentina last month. The stadium 85 (be) so big that they 86 (get) lost. I gave them directions and they 87 (smile) and thanked me warmly. I have known my best friend 88 (since) I was in primary school. We have lived in the same neighbourhood 89 (for) six years. It’s meaningful to volunteer. We can learn a lot and feel proud 90 (be) volunteers.
（10）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Volunteering is a great way to help others. There are many things we can do. Some people help 91 (clean) up parks and streets. They pick up litter and sort waste 92 different bins. Others plant trees 93 (make) the environment greener. Some volunteers work in museums. They guide visitors and provide information about the 94 (history) of the place. Some visit the elderly and spend time 95 (they). They talk to them and help with small things. One volunteer says, “I 96 (be) a volunteer at the stadium since last year. I help players and give directions. I also help clean the stadium 97 matches.” Volunteering is not easy, but it’s meaningful. It’s our duty 98 (care) about the world around us. Many young people join volunteer 99 (organize) to help more people. They believe that small actions can make a big 100 (different).
参考答案
(1)
1．playing 2．feelings 3．quickly 4．to teach 5．shows 6．dangerous 7．A 8．to 9．themselves 10．and
【导语】本文主要讨论了电子游戏对孩子的影响，包括其益处和潜在的不良影响，强调孩子应该学会平衡游戏与生活。
【详解】1．句意：如今，孩子们花越来越多的时间玩电子游戏。括号内提示词“play”意为“玩”，“spend time (in) doing sth.”为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，需用动名词“playing”。
2．句意：对许多孩子来说，电子游戏很有趣，可以消除不良情绪。括号内提示词“feeling”意为“情绪”，根据文意此处表示多种不良情绪，需用复数形式“feelings”。
3．句意：孩子们在玩电子游戏时必须快速移动手和眼睛。括号内提示词“quick”为形容词，意为“快速的”，此处修饰动词“move”，表示“快速地”，需用副词形式“quickly”。
4．句意：电子游戏也是教孩子们了解计算机的好方法。括号内提示词“teach”意为“教”，根据文意“a good way to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“做某事的好方法”，需用不定式“to teach”。
5．句意：然而，研究也表明电子游戏可能对孩子有害。括号内提示词“show”意为“表明/显示”，本句描述客观事实，主语“research”为不可数名词，需用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式“shows”。
6．句意：有些电子游戏是危险的。括号内提示词“danger”意为“危险”，此处作表语，表示“危险的”，需用形容词“dangerous”。
7．句意：许多孩子沉迷于电子游戏，错失与亲人相处的美好时光。“a number of”表示“大量的”，符合语境，注意首字母大写，故填“A”。
8．句意：对现实世界充耳不闻。根据文意，“be deaf to”为固定搭配，表示“对……充耳不闻/不愿听”，需填介词“to”。
9．句意：如果孩子们总是自己玩，他们就无法学会如何与朋友交流。括号内提示词“they”意为人称代词主格“他们”，“by oneself”为固定短语，表示“独自/靠自己”，需用反身代词“themselves”。
10．句意：总之，电子游戏既有好的一面也有不好的一面。根据文意，“both...and...”为固定搭配，表示“……和……两者都”，需填“and”。
(2)
11．Preparing 12．If 13．with 14．openly 15．to tell 16．Although 17．helpful 18．If 19．In 20．If
【导语】本文围绕学生课后学习、与父母沟通给出建议，告诉学生制定学习计划、坦诚沟通、调节压力的重要性，鼓励学生努力进步。
11．句意：为英语考试做准备能帮助我们取得好成绩。此处需用动名词作主语，prepare的动名词形式是Preparing，符合语法要求。
12．句意：如果我们没有好的学习计划，我们可能会浪费时间。此处表示假设，“如果”用If引导条件状语从句，符合句意逻辑。
13．句意：和我们的父母沟通也很重要。communicate with sb.是固定搭配，表示“和某人沟通”，后接沟通对象用介词with。
14．句意：当我们有问题时，我们应该坦诚地和他们交谈。此处需用副词修饰动词talk，open的副词形式是openly，意为“坦诚地”，符合语境。
15．句意：不要害怕告诉他们真相。be afraid to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“害怕做某事”，此处需用动词不定式to tell。
16．句意：虽然他们很严格，但他们只是想让我们开心。“严格”与“想让我们开心”是转折关系，用Although/Though表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。
17．句意：这里有一些有用的建议。此处需用形容词修饰名词advice，help的形容词形式是 helpful，意为“有用的”，符合语境。
18．句意：如果你感到有压力，你可以散步或听音乐。此处表示假设，“如果”用If引导条件状语从句，贴合句意。
19．句意：通过这种方式，你可以保持清醒的头脑。in this way是固定搭配，表示“通过这种方式”，句首首字母大写，用In。
20．句意：如果你努力学习，你一定会取得进步。此处表示假设，“如果”用If引导条件状语从句，符合“努力就会进步”的逻辑。
(3)
21．an 22．her 23．well 24．friendly 25．happens 26．Secondly 27．with 28．However 29．when 30．talking
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了莎莉·希曼斯建议交友如种树，需选友善朋友、主动沟通、争吵后坚持交流。
21．句意：她是一位美国作家。单数可数名词writer前应用冠词，此处非特指，要用不定冠词，又因为American以元音音素/ /开头，故用不定冠词an。
22．句意：在她看来，建立友谊就像种树。in one’s opinion为固定搭配，意为“在某人看来”，形容词性物主代词her修饰opinion。
23．句意：你应该种下种子并照顾它，让它良好地生长。此处修饰动词grow用副词 well，意为“健康地/良好地”。
24．句意：一个好朋友应该友好且有耐心。be动词后接形容词作表语。friendly“友好的”，形容词。
25．句意：例如，如果有坏事发生在你身上，一个好朋友会倾听你的心声。if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时，something bad作主语，谓语用第三人称单数happens。
26．句意：其次，你不能太害羞。与上文Firstly对应，用Secondly表示列举。句首首字母大写。
27．句意：与朋友分享你的生活。share sth. with sb.为固定搭配，意为“与某人分享某物”。故填with。
28．句意：然而，即使是最好的朋友也会吵架。上文讲要常沟通，下文转折说朋友也会争吵，用However，句首首字母大写。
29．句意：当你和朋友争吵时，你应该做什么？ 此处需要when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
30．句意：相反，你需要继续与他或她交谈。keep on doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，故动词用talking。
(4)
31．has carried 32．and 33．civilizations 34．for 35．largest 36．to protect 37．development 38．parts 39．will find 40．to protect
【导语】本文介绍黄河的地理长度与千年作用，介绍中华文明、长城、丝绸之路价值，呼吁守护国内自然与文化珍贵遗产。
31．句意：数千年来，黄河源源不断地将西部山区的河水输送流入东海。时间标志短语“for thousands of years”提示用现在完成时，主语是“The Yellow River”，现在完成时结构用has+过去分词，carry过去分词为carried。
32．句意：它是中国第二长河，绵延五千四百多千米，并且在中国历史中占据着十分重要的地位。前后两个分句语义并列、句式结构一致，需用并列连词and进行连接。
33．句意：作为世界上最古老的伟大文明之一，中国因其自然奇观和文化瑰宝而闻名于世。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，此处为civilization的复数形式。
34．句意：作为世界上最古老的伟大文明之一，中国因其自然奇观和文化瑰宝而闻名于世。固定短语搭配be famous for，表达“因……而出名”，此处指因其自然奇观和文化瑰宝而闻名于世。
35．句意：长城是世界上规模最宏大的人造奇观之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，此处为large的最高级形式。
36．句意：在古代，人们修筑长城是为了保卫自己的国家。句中用动词不定式作目的状语，用来点明修建长城的用意，需填入to protect。
37．句意：丝绸之路将中国与众多其他国家连通起来，推动了贸易行业的发展进程。定冠词“the”后面需要接名词作宾语，此处为develop的名词形式。
38．句意：现如今，中国的许多地域依旧保留着令人赞叹的自然美景。限定词“many”后面接可数名词复数，此处为part的复数形式。
39．句意：出门去旅行一次，你就会发现我们的祖国是多么美好。本句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”的固定句式，陈述句要用一般将来时，需用“will find”表达将来会产生的感受。
40．句意：保护这些珍贵的自然与文化瑰宝，是我们每一个人的责任。固定句型It is one’s duty to do sth.，It作形式主语，真正主语为后面的动词不定式，故填入to protect。
(5)
41．first 42．bigger 43．more popular 44．greatest 45．most fantastic 46．narrower 47．less 48．powerful 49．near 50．most surprising
【导语】本文介绍了位于贵州的黄果树瀑布，作为亚洲第一大瀑布，它在不同季节宽度会变化，以其巨大的水流和震撼的自然景观成为中国最受欢迎的自然奇观之一。
41．句意：它是亚洲第一大瀑布。根据“the ... largest waterfall”可知，此处表示“第一大”，应填one的序数词形式first，构成“the first largest”（第一大）。
42．句意：它比欧洲的许多瀑布都要大。根据“than”可知，此处应用big的比较级bigger。
43．句意：然而，由于它巨大的气势，它比中国任何其他瀑布都更受欢迎。根据“than any other waterfall”可知，此处应用popular的比较级more popular。
44．句意：它也是中国最伟大的自然奇观之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，great的最高级为greatest。
45．句意：在所有瀑布中，黄果树瀑布是最棒的。根据“Among all the waterfalls”及前文提到的“the first largest” “one of the greatest”可知，此处应用最高级，fantastic的最高级为most fantastic。
46．句意：在雨季它大约有100米宽，在旱季它会变得窄得多，只有40米宽。根据“much”及后文“only 40 metres wide”可知，此处应用narrow的比较级narrower，much修饰比较级表示程度。
47．句意：瀑布上方的河流大约有200米宽，但在瀑布下方，河流变得不到20米宽。根据“20 metres wide”及上下文对比可知，此处表示“少于”，应用little的比较级less，构成less than。
48．句意：当你靠近时，你能感受到水流的强大力量。此处需用形容词修饰名词“water”，power的形容词形式为powerful，意为“强大的”。
49．句意：如果你尽可能靠近瀑布，你甚至能感受到它带来的风。“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as possible”表示“尽可能……”，此处修饰动词get，应用副词原级near。
50．句意：作为中国最令人惊叹的地方之一，它每年吸引数百万游客。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，surprising的最高级为most surprising。
(6)
51．important 52．When 53．covered 54．slowly 55．roofs 56．a 57．how 58．of 59．us 60．better
【导语】本文讲述了作者所在社区遭遇台风洪水的经历，描述了洪水的破坏力、社区的变化，以及灾后政府和居民的应对，最后表达了对未来更好防护灾害的期望。
51．句意：他们迅速把重要的物品搬到家里较高的地方。此处修饰名词“things”，需将名词“importance”变为形容词“important”。
52．句意：当洪水来临时，它来得非常快。此处引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”，填“When”。
53．句意：水淹没了街道。结合上下文的过去时态，此处用“cover”的过去式“covered”。
54．句意：水缓慢地涌入地势较低的房屋。此处修饰动词“went”，需将形容词“slow”变为副词“slowly”。
55．句意：有些人不得不爬到屋顶等待救援。根据“their”（他们的），此处用名词复数“roofs”。
56．句意：我们通常繁忙整洁的社区看起来像一个大湖。“big”以辅音音素开头，此处表示“一个”，填“a”。
57．句意：这场洪水让我看到了大自然的力量有多么强大。“how”后接形容词，填“how”。
58．句意：几个月前，我们因为干旱而缺水。“because of”是固定搭配（因为），填“of”。
59．句意：洪水过后，政府给我们送来了食物和干净的水。此处作动词“sent”的宾语，用宾格“us”。
60．句意：我希望未来我们能找到更好的方法来保护家园免受这些恶劣风暴的侵袭。根据“much”（修饰比较级），“good”的比较级是“better”。
(7)
61．into 62．surprising 63．confused 64．to take 65．to follow 66．quietly 67．to pass 68．as 69．if/when 70．really
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者第一次拜访中国朋友小伟时，学习中国餐桌礼仪的经历，通过多个细节展现了不同文化的餐桌习俗差异，体现了尊重文化差异的重要性。
61．句意：不要把筷子插在米饭碗里。stick...into...意为“把……插入……中”，固定搭配，应用介词into。
62．句意：我觉得那很令人惊讶，因为在我的国家没有这个习俗。空格前为“was”，应用形容词作表语；主语“that”指代前文提到的“习俗”这一事物，修饰事物需用形容词surprising“令人惊讶的”，而不是修饰人的surprised。
63．句意：当我们坐在餐桌旁时，我感到有点困惑。空格前为系动词“felt”，后接形容词作表语；主语“I”指人，修饰人需用形容词confused“感到困惑的”，而不是修饰事物的confusing。
64．句意：你应该用公筷从共享的盘子里夹菜。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。
65．句意：我尽最大努力听从他的建议。try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，固定搭配，应用动词不定式to follow。
66．句意：小伟轻声说：“不要站起来够食物。”空格后为动词“said”，应用副词修饰动词，quiet的副词形式为quietly“轻声地”。
67．句意：就让别人把它递给你。ask sb. to do sth.意为“请求某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
68．句意：你作为客人做得很好。空格后为“a guest”，意为“作为一名客人”，应用介词as。
69．句意：我明白了，如果你想向主人表示尊重，良好的餐桌礼仪非常重要。“you want to show respect to the host”是“good table manners are very important”的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”；也可以用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。
70．句意：我真的很喜欢了解不同的文化！空格后为动词“enjoy”，应用副词修饰动词；real的副词形式为really“真正地”，在句中作状语。
(8)
71．bow 72．hands 73．cheek 74．hug 75．formal 76．Then 77．but 78．when 79．friends 80．differences
【导语】本文主要介绍不同国家不同的见面问候礼仪，讲述作者和外国朋友相处的经历，故告诉我们了解各国风俗的重要意义。
71．句意：在日本，人们见面时会鞠躬。 根据常识和后文“It shows respect” 表示表达尊重，日本见面礼仪是鞠躬。
72．句意：在美国，人们第一次见面经常握手。 shake hands是固定表达 “握手”，要用复数形式。
73．句意：在法国，人们亲吻朋友的脸颊。 结合各国礼仪常识，法国见面亲吻脸颊。
74．句意：好朋友再次相见时可能会互相拥抱。 情态动词may后接动词原形，结合常识，在法国，好朋友再次相见时可能会互相拥抱，应用hug。
75．句意：在正式场合，人们喜欢用礼貌的方式。 修饰名词actions需要形容词，form变为形容词formal表示 “正式的”。
76．句意：我们先握了手，然后他亲吻了我的脸颊。 前后是先后发生的动作，用连词Then表示 “然后”。
77．句意：我有一点惊讶但是很开心。 前后语义转折，surprised和happy形成转折关系，用but连接。
78．句意：当我们去其他国家旅行时，了解这些风俗非常重要。 此处表示 “当…… 的时候”，用连词when引导时间状语从句。
79．句意：它们帮助我们更好地交流，交到更多朋友。 more后接可数名词复数，friend变为复数friends。
80．句意：体验这些文化差异是一次难忘的经历。 形容词cultural后接名词，these后要用复数，different变为名词复数differences。
(9)
81．have worked 82．have helped 83．have made 84．met 85．was 86．got 87．smiled 88．since 89．for 90．to be
【导语】本文是记叙文，通过讲述作者作为体育志愿者的经历，介绍了志愿服务带来的收获与意义，强调了志愿服务的价值和自豪感。
【详解】81．句意为：我已经在一个体育组织工作了快三年了。句中“for almost three years”表示从过去持续到现在的时间段，需用现在完成时。
82．句意为：自从我开始以来，我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中帮忙了。“Since I started”提示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，需用现在完成时。
83．句意：我交了很多新朋友，甚至还见过很多著名运动员。上下文均为现在完成时语境，强调过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时符合语境。
84．句意为：我交了很多新朋友，甚至还见过很多著名运动员。“have even”后接过去分词构成现在完成时。
85．句意为：体育场太大了，他们迷路了。描述过去发生的事件，主语“the stadium”为单数，故用was符合语境。
86．句意为：体育场太大了，他们迷路了。与前半句时态一致，描述过去发生的动作，用got符合语境。
87．句意为：我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。“and”连接并列谓语，与“thanked”时态保持一致。
88．句意为：我从小学就认识我最好的朋友了。“since”后接一般过去时的句子，引导时间状语从句。
89．句意为：我们住在同一个街区已经六年了。“for”后接时间段，用于现在完成时中表示动作持续的时长。
90．句意为：作为志愿者，我们能学到很多东西并感到自豪。固定搭配“feel proud to be...” 表示“为成为…… 而自豪”，用动词不定式形式。
(1)
91．clean/to clean 92．into 93．to make 94．history 95．with them 96．have been 97．after 98．to care 99．organizations 100．difference
【导语】本文介绍了志愿服务的多种形式，包括清洁环境、植树、博物馆引导、陪伴老人等，强调了志愿服务对个人和社会的积极意义。
91．句意：一些人帮助清理公园和街道。“help (to) do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“帮忙做某事”，可接动词原形或带to的不定式。“clean”或“to clean”均可。
92．句意：他们捡拾垃圾，并将垃圾分到不同的垃圾桶。“into”表示“进入”，符合“分类放入”的语境，“sort...into...”为固定搭配，意为“把……分类放进……”。
93．句意：其他人植树以使环境更环保。此处用动词不定式“to make”作目的状语，表示“为了”。
94．句意：他们引导游客并提供关于该地方历史的信息。空格在定冠词the之后，介词of之前，需要填名词。history本身就是名词，意为“历史”。
95．句意：他们与老人交谈并帮助他们做一些小事。spend time with sb“与某人共度时光”，固定搭配，介词“with”后需接宾格代词作宾语，“they”的宾格为“them”。
96．句意：自从去年我就一直在体育馆做志愿者。时间状语“since last year”是现在完成时的标志词，强调动作从过去持续到现在。主语“I”为第一人称单数，谓语结构需用“have been”。
97．句意：我还帮助清理比赛后的体育场。“帮助清理体育场”通常发生在比赛结束后，表示“在……之后”，需用介词“after”。
98．句意：关心我们周围的世界是我们的责任。“It’s + 名词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，此处应填动词不定式to care。
99．句意：许多年轻人加入志愿者组织来帮助更多的人。“volunteer organization”意为“志愿者组织”，前面有Many young people，暗示不止一个组织，且organization是可数名词，所以用复数organizations。
100．句意：他们相信小的行动可以带来大的改变。“make a difference”是固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”，需用名词“difference”。
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【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第5讲 语法填空
语法填空固定10空，分两类：有提示词（6～7空）、无提示词（3～4空），阅卷判分只看形式、固定搭配、时态、主谓一致。
一、阅卷核心扣分点（先避坑）
1. 有词不给变形、单复数/三单/过去式漏改，直接0分；
2. 冠词a/an/the、介词固定搭配写错，无分；
3. 大小写、单词拼写错误一律不得分；
4. 连词逻辑错（but/so/and混用）整空作废。
二、两大题型分步解题模板
题型1：括号给提示词（必考6大变形方向）
拿到提示词，按顺序判断，一步出答案：
1. 动词（考最多，时态/语态/非谓语）
判断三步：
① 句中有没有谓语动词？
已有谓语→填非谓语：to do（目的/打算）、doing（作主语/介词后）、done（被动/完成）
无谓语→判断时态：
看时间标志：yesterday/last…→过去式；every day→一般现在；since/for→现在完成；at 8 last night→过去进行
② 看主语：第三人称单数+一般现在→加s/es
③ 判断主动被动：人被/物被→be done
固定阅卷高频搭配：
want/hope/plan/decide + to do
enjoy/practice/finish/mind + doing
tell/ask/encourage sb. to do
2. 名词
线索：前面有many, some, several, two, all, a lot of
规则：可数名词变复数；不可数不变；
特殊：child→children、foot→feet；以s/x/ch/sh加es
3. 形容词 & 副词
线索1：修饰名词→用形容词；修饰动词/整个句子→用副词（+ly）
线索2：than（比较级）、in/of+范围（最高级the+est/most）
线索3：系动词look/be/sound后用形容词
4. 代词
主格I/he/she（作主语）；宾格me/him/her（动词/介词后）；
形容词性物主代词my/his +名词；名词性物主代词mine/yours；
反身代词：hurt oneself、enjoy oneself
5. 数词
基数词变序数词：one→first，two→second，nine→ninth
6. 动词变名词/形容词（词性转换）
care→careful/carefully；help→helpful；differ→difference
题型2：无提示词（只填1个小词，3～4空，阅卷固定4类答案）
只能填：冠词、介词、连词、代词、情态动词
1. 冠词 a / an / the
第一次出现单数可数名词：辅音a，元音an
特指双方都知道、上文提过、独一无二事物：the
2. 介词（固定搭配必背）
时间：on+具体日期/星期；in+年/月/早中晚；at+时刻
固定短语：be good at、look forward to、thanks for、with（伴随）、without（没有）
3. 并列连词 and / but / so / or
前后顺承and；转折but；结果so；选择or
4. 从句连词（八年级必考）
宾语从句：that/if/whether/wh-词(what/who/where/when)
状语从句：when（当…时）、if（如果）、because（因为）、though（虽然）、until（直到）
5. 限定代词：some/any/all/both；情态can/may/must
三、考场标准4步做题法（阅卷人推荐流程）
1. 通读全文1遍
看懂故事时态（全文统一时态，90%文章通篇一般过去时），圈时间词。
2. 先做有提示词空
优先变形，标记时态、单复数、词性，这类空分值好拿。
3. 再攻克无提示词空
结合前后单词搭配，判断填冠词/介词/连词。
4. 回读检查（阅卷最看重一步）
自查4点：
① 动词时态、主谓一致正确；
② 名词单复数无误；
③ 副词形容词不混用；
④ 无提示词只填一个单词，不填短语。
四、八年级期末高频考点（广东卷出题侧重）
1. 动词变形：一般过去式、现在完成时、to do / doing非谓语
2. 比较级最高级、副词ly变化
3. 介词固定搭配（on/in/at/for/with）
4. 宾语从句连接词、though/but逻辑连词
5. 反身代词、物主代词转换
6. a/an/the冠词区分
五、阅卷人独家避坑提醒（极易丢分）
1. 现在完成时标志since/for，动词必须变have done，不能写过去式；
2. 介词后面动词一定加doing（look forward to doing）；
3. though和but不能同时出现，出现一个另一个删掉；
4. 最高级前面必须加the，漏the直接扣分；
5. 不规则变形牢记：go-went-gone、eat-ate-eaten，拼写错零分。
六、速记答题口诀
给词先判动名形，时态词性要分明；
无词冠词介连代，一空只填单个词；
than见比较，范围用最高；
介词后跟doing，主谓一致别忘掉；
通篇时态统一看，回读一遍防丢分。
（1）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, children spend more and more time 1 (play) video games.
For many children, video games are fun and can do away with bad 2 (feeling). And children have to move their hands and eyes 3 (quick) while playing video games. They can make children think fast. Video games are also a good way 4 (teach) children about computers. They can learn about how computers work.
However, research also 5 (show) that video games can be bad for children. Some video games are 6 (danger). 7 number of children get lost in video games, miss out on sweet moments with loved ones and are deaf 8 the real world. They even have no time to do homework and get bad grades. Video games do no good to children's social skills (技能) either. If children always play by 9 (they), they can’t learn how to connect with their friends.
All in all, video games can be both good 10 bad. Children can play video games, but they should learn to balance it with other things in life.
（2）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After-school study is necessary for students. 11 (prepare) for English tests can help us get good grades. 12 we don’t have good study plans, we may waste time.
It’s also important to communicate 13 our parents. When we have problems, we should talk to them 14 (open). Don’t be afraid 15 (tell) them the truth. 16 they are strict, they just want us to be happy.
Here is some 17 (help) advice. 18 you feel stressed, you can take a walk or listen to music. 19 this way, you can keep a clear mind. Remember, growing up means learning to be independent and responsible. 20 you work hard, you will surely make progress.
（3）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know Sally Seamans She is 21 American writer. She tells young students some smart ways to find friends. In 22 (she) opinion, building friendship is just like planting a tree. You should plant the seed (种子) and take care of it to make it grow 23 (good).
Firstly, you should choose a friend. A good friend should be 24 (friend) and patient. For example, if something bad 25 (happen) to you, a good friend could listen to you. And he or she should offer help to you.
26 (second), you can’t be too shy. You should often communicate and share your life 27 your friend. 28 , even best friends have fights. What should you do 29 you argue with your friend Maybe you won’t talk to him or her. If so, you won’t be friends anymore. You need to keep on 30 (talk) to him or her instead. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you can write a letter. That works.
（4）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yellow River 31 (carry) water from the west mountains to the east sea for thousands of years. It is the second longest river in China, stretching for more than 5,400 kilometers 32 it plays an important role in Chinese history.
As one of the oldest great 33 (civilization), China is famous 34 both its natural wonders and cultural treasures. The Great Wall is one of the 35 (large) man made wonders in the world. People built it 36 (protect) the country in ancient times. The Silk Road connected China with many other countries and helped the 37 (develop) of trade.
Today, many 38 (part) of China still keep their amazing natural beauty. Take a trip, and you 39 (find) how wonderful our country is! It is our duty 40 (protect) these great treasures.
（5）
阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know an amazing waterfall in Guizhou It’s the Huangguoshu Waterfall, the 41 (one) largest waterfall in Asia. It is 42 (big) than many waterfalls in Europe. However, it is 43 (popular) than any other waterfall in China because of its great power.
It is also one of the 44 (great) natural wonders in China. Among all the waterfalls, the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the 45 (fantastic). The waterfall is between Guizhou and Guangxi. It is about 100 metres wide in the rainy season and it becomes much 46 (narrow) in the dry season, only 40 metres wide.
The reason why it is famous is that the water falls down from a high place. The river is about 200 metres wide above the waterfall, but below it, the river becomes 47 (little) than 20 metres wide. You can feel the 48 (power) water when you stand close. If you get as 49 (near) as possible to the waterfall, you can even feel the wind it brings.
As one of the 50 (surprising) places in China, it attracts millions of visitors every year.
（6）
阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, a really strong typhoon came to my neighbourhood. It made everything go wrong. A few days before,the weather report said there would be a lot of rain and floods. People in my area didn’t waste any time. They quickly moved their 51 (importance) things to higher places in their homes. Some even put sandbags in front of their doors to stop the water.
52 the flood came, it happened very fast. The water 53 (cover) the streets. It got so high that cars and bikes were floating (漂浮), just like toys in a bathtub. The water 54 (slow) went into houses that were low to the ground. Some people had to climb onto their 55 (roof) and wait for help. Our neighbourhood, which is usually busy and clean, looked like 56 big lake. It was hard to believe my eyes.
This flood showed me 57 powerful nature can be. A few months ago, we didn’t have enough water because 58 a drought. Now, we had too much water, and it caused so many problems. After the flood, the government sent 59 (we) food and clean water. Neighbours worked together to clean up the mess. They used brooms to sweep away the mud and dirt.
I hope that in the future, we can find much 60 (good) ways to protect our homes from these bad storms. If we work together and plan ahead, we can keep our neighbourhoods safe.
（7）
阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, I visited my Chinese friend Xiao Wei for the first time. Before dinner, he gave me some advice on Chinese table manners. He said, “Don’t stick your chopsticks 61 a bowl of rice. It is considered very rude.” I thought that was 62 (surprise) because in my country we don’t have that custom.
When we sat down at the table, I felt a little 63 (confuse). There were many shared dishes in the middle. Xiao Wei told me, “You should use the serving chopsticks 64 (take) food from the shared dishes.” I tried my best 65 (follow) his advice.
During the meal, I wanted to reach for a dish that was far away. Xiao Wei 66 (quiet) said, “Don’t stand up to reach for food. Just ask someone 67 (pass) it to you.” So I did as he said.
After dinner, I thanked Xiao Wei’s parents and said that everything was delicious. They were very happy. Xiao Wei told me, “You did a great job 68 a guest.”
I learned that good table manners are very important 69 you want to show respect to the host. Now I am more confident when I eat with Chinese friends. I 70 (real) enjoy learning about different cultures!
（8）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know how people greet each other in different countries In Japan, people 71 when they meet. It shows respect. In America, they often shake 72 (hand) when they meet for the first time. In France, people kiss friends on the 73 . Good friends may 74 each other when they meet again. In 75 (form) actions, people like to use polite ways. Last week, my foreign friend came to China. We shook hands first. 76 he kissed me on the cheek. I felt a little surprised 77 happy. It is very important to learn about these customs 78 we visit other countries. They help us communicate better and make more 79 (friend). Different greetings make the world interesting. Experiencing these cultural 80 (different) is an unforgettable experience.
（9）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Volunteering is a great way to help others. I love being a volunteer! I 81 (work) with a sports organization for almost three years. Since I started, I 82 (help) out at over ten different sports events. I 83 (make) many new friends and I have even 84 (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I met two national football players from Argentina last month. The stadium 85 (be) so big that they 86 (get) lost. I gave them directions and they 87 (smile) and thanked me warmly. I have known my best friend 88 (since) I was in primary school. We have lived in the same neighbourhood 89 (for) six years. It’s meaningful to volunteer. We can learn a lot and feel proud 90 (be) volunteers.
（10）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Volunteering is a great way to help others. There are many things we can do. Some people help 91 (clean) up parks and streets. They pick up litter and sort waste 92 different bins. Others plant trees 93 (make) the environment greener. Some volunteers work in museums. They guide visitors and provide information about the 94 (history) of the place. Some visit the elderly and spend time 95 (they). They talk to them and help with small things. One volunteer says, “I 96 (be) a volunteer at the stadium since last year. I help players and give directions. I also help clean the stadium 97 matches.” Volunteering is not easy, but it’s meaningful. It’s our duty 98 (care) about the world around us. Many young people join volunteer 99 (organize) to help more people. They believe that small actions can make a big 100 (different).
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