资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第7讲 读写综合之回答问题
一、考情说明
读写综合分A信息归纳、B回答问题；回答问题一般5小题，每题2分，共10分。
文章多记叙文/说明文（校园、人物、活动、科普、生活习惯），难度贴合八下课本；
题型：特殊疑问词提问 what/who/when/where/why/how/how many/how long；
答题硬性规则：尽量用原文短句作答，能简短不写长句，符合字数要求，语法无误。
二、标准五步解题流程（考场通用）
步骤1：先看5道问题，圈疑问词+定位关键词
不用先读文章，直接读题干，圈两类词：
1. 疑问词（决定答案类型）
- who → 人；where → 地点；when → 时间；why → 原因（because）
- how many → 数字；how long → 时长；what → 事物/动作
2. 定位词（人名、数字、专有名词、名词短语）
例：What did Lucy do last Sunday
圈：what, Lucy, last Sunday
步骤2：带着关键词回原文扫读定位（寻读法，不逐句翻译）
只用找和题干一模一样/同义替换的词，找到句子即为答案句；
生词跳过，不用读懂全文，只抓定位句。
步骤3：提取核心信息，精简作答（得分关键）
原文句子很长，不能整句抄写，只留答案核心，删掉修饰：
原文：She visited her grandparents with her little sister last Sunday morning.
问题：What did Lucy do last Sunday
精简答案：She visited her grandparents.
步骤4：对应疑问词规范句式，避免格式扣分
1. Who 提问：主语是人，直接写人名/人称代词
Q: Who helped Tom A: His mother. / His mother helped Tom.
2. Where 提问：答地点，at/in+地点
Q: Where will they meet A: At the school gate.
3. When 提问：答时间（日期/星期/几点）
Q: When did they leave A: At 7 o’clock.
4. Why 提问：必须用 Because+句子
Q: Why was he late A: Because he missed the bus.
5. How many 提问：答数字
Q: How many books does he have A: Three.
6. How long 提问：答一段时间（for+时间段）
Q: How long did they stay there A: For two days.
7. What 提问：答事物/动作，主谓完整或名词短语均可
步骤5：检查4大扣分点，做完必核对
1. 时态一致：问句什么时态，答案就用相同时态（一般过去时最容易错）
2. 人称转换：原文I → 答题换成 he/she
3. 单复数、三单、动词变形正确
4. 不超字数、不答无关内容、不抄写一整段原文
三、高频扣分陷阱（广东期末最爱挖坑）
陷阱1：时态混淆（八上八下重灾区）
问句过去式（did/was/were），答案动词必须用过去式
错：He play basketball.
对：He played basketball.
陷阱2：why 不用 because 直接扣分
问句Why，只写短语不写because不得分
错：Missed the bus.
对：Because he missed the bus.
陷阱3：信息不全/只答一半（部分匹配不给满分）
Q: What does Lily like to do after school
原文：Lily likes to read storybooks after school.
半分答案：Storybooks.（勉强得分，不推荐）
满分答案：She likes to read storybooks.
陷阱4：数字、地点漏介词
Q: Where do they have class
错：classroom
对：In the classroom.
陷阱5：同义替换藏答案，原词找不到
题干单词≠原文单词，需要识别替换：
like doing = enjoy doing；
at weekends = on Saturday and Sunday；
be ill = have a cold
陷阱6：干扰句误导（文中出现两个时间/两个人物）
题干有限定词：last year/this term，只找带限定词的句子，其他时间信息直接忽略。
四、两种答题格式（考场任选，都给满分）
1. 简短名词/短语（省时，推荐）
Q: How many students joined the club
A: Twenty.
2. 完整短句（稳妥，不易语法丢分）
A: Twenty students joined the club.
要求：两种都不用加句号也可以，书写清晰即可
五、八下常考时态答题模板
1. 一般过去时（did提问）
问句：What did sb do...
模板：Sb + 动词过去式 + 其他
2. 一般现在时（does/do提问）
模板：Sb + 动词原形/三单
3. 一般将来时（will/be going to）
模板：Sb will do... / Sb is going to do...
4. 现在完成时（八下难点）
How long has he lived here
A: He has lived here for 5 years.
六、极速做题口诀
先读题干圈关键词，回文定位找原句；
疑问词定答案类型，精简摘抄别全抄；
why带because，时态人称要统一；
数字地点加介词，多余信息全舍弃。
（1）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Recently, I put a question “What free-time activities do you usually do ” on my blog. Here are the answers of three students.
A message from an American boy on February 24th, 2026
Hi, My name is Eric. I have many free-time activities. For example, I go camping with my family once a week. We take a lot of food and drinks with us. We sing, dance and play games together. If we feel tired, we can rest in beautiful tents.
A message from a Chinese girl on February 26th, 2026
Hello! I’m Amy, a student in Grade 7. We students are busy with the schoolwork. We only have two days free in a week. For me, after I finish my homework at home, I usually go swimming with my friends. It is a good way to relax. That’s also my favourite activity because it can help me keep healthy.
A message from a Thai girl on February 28th, 2026
I’m Judy. Our summer vacation begins in late February and lasts until mid-May. I hardly ever go out on my vacation. My mother is an actress and my father is a policeman. They are busy all the time. That’s why I always stay at home by myself. On my vacation, my favourite activity is reading at home. My favourite writer is Liu Cixin and I hope I can be a writer like him when I grow up.
1．How often does Eric go camping
____________________________________________________________________________
2．Where is Amy from
____________________________________________________________________________
3．Why does Amy like swimming best
____________________________________________________________________________
4．When does the summer vacation begin in Thailand
____________________________________________________________________________
5．What does Judy hope to be when she grows up
____________________________________________________________________________
（2）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Children know that summer is probably the most interesting of all seasons. However, experts say this season is the most dangerous, especially for children aged 14 and under. In a study of children’s safety in the US, researchers found that nearly half of the injury-related (与受伤相关的) deaths among children happened in summer.
Experts are not surprised by the study’s results. They always know summer is a dangerous season for children. During the summer, children are out of school and spend more time outdoors. They are more likely to get into an accident or be injured. “While we encourage children to be active and spend more time outdoors, they need to understand the importance of safety,” said an expert.
To help children stay safe, the “Make It a Safe Kids’ Summer” Campaign was started during Safe Kids Week, from 7 May to 13 May.
Here are some important summer safety tips from the campaign.
Always wear your seat belt.
Wear a life jacket when on a boat or doing water sports.
Obey all traffic rules.
Don’t meet e-pals alone.
6．Which season is the most dangerous for children aged 14 and under
____________________________________________________________________________
7．Are experts surprised by the study’s results
____________________________________________________________________________
8．What do children need to understand if we encourage them to spend more time outdoors
___________________________________________________________________________
9．How many summer safety tips given by the campaign are mentioned in the passage
____________________________________________________________________________
10．What’s the purpose of writing this passage
____________________________________________________________________________
（3）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
First-Aid & Safety Training in Dongguan Schools
To improve teenagers’ self-protection ability, Dongguan carried out a special first-aid and safety training in 12 middle schools this spring. Over 6,000 students joined the program, learning to deal with common accidents in daily life.
The training covered many practical skills. Teachers taught students how to give first aid for cuts, burns and falls. Students also learned key knowledge (知识) about drowning prevention (防溺水) and traffic safety. Besides, they practiced how to call 120 for help correctly and what to do during a fire escape. All the lessons were given through role-plays and real-case (真实事例) sharing.
Different from traditional classes, students learned by doing. They used model bandages to dress wounds (包扎伤口), did fire escape drills (逃生演练) and took part in simulated (模拟) traffic safety scenes (场景). These hands-on activities helped students master skills more quickly.
Teachers and parents both spoke highly of the program. A head teacher said "These skills are necessary for teenagers to face unexpected (难预料的) dangers.” A parent added, “It makes my child more confident to protect himself.” Such training helps students stay safe and grow up healthily.
11．Why did Dongguan carry out the safety training this spring
____________________________________________________________________________
12．What did teachers teach students to do for cuts and burns
____________________________________________________________________________
13．What key knowledge did students learn besides drowning prevention
____________________________________________________________________________
14．How did students learn safety skills in the program
____________________________________________________________________________
15．How many students benefited from the program
____________________________________________________________________________
（4）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
It is easy for many people to catch a cold in spring or fall. Scientists can’t find a cure for common colds because there are many different cold viruses. You never know which one you will get. When a virus gets into your body, your body works hard to fight against it. First, blood rushes to your nose and you can’t breathe well, but your body is fighting the virus. Also, your temperature goes up and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. What’s more, you have a runny nose to help wash the virus away. Your body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.
Different people do different things to deal with colds. Some people might have chicken soup to help them get over the cold and some take medicine to stop different symptoms (症状) of colds.
Some scientists say taking medicine when you have a cold is bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it and kill it. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own. There is a joke: It takes about one week to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine, but it takes only about seven days to get over a cold if you take medicine.
16．Why can’t scientists find a cure for common colds
____________________________________________________________________________
17．How many examples does the writer give of your body fighting against viruses
____________________________________________________________________________
18．Why do people have a runny nose when having a cold
____________________________________________________________________________
19．How long does it usually take to get over a cold
____________________________________________________________________________
20．What do you often do to deal with colds
____________________________________________________________________________
（5）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Friends are important. Life may be difficult when we have no good friends around. This may happen when we move to a different school or we are sick at home. We may feel lonely without friends. We want to have new friends. But how to make friends How do we start How do we get along with others Here are some useful ways to make friends.
Greet others
Greet others and wish them a good day, no matter what time it is. It makes others think we are friendly.
Share things with others
Take something to eat in our pockets. And if others would like to have some, hand it to them. Sharing can make people become closer.
Help others
Simple actions, like helping others carry something or opening a door for them, can show our kindness. By helping others in need, we will learn to care about them.
Smile at others
A smile is perhaps the easiest way to introduce ourselves. When others help us, we should smile at them to show our thanks.
Respect others
The world is full of differences, so learning to respect others is important. It is the best way to get others’ respect. Respect makes the world better.
21．How may life be when we have no good friends around
____________________________________________________________________________
22．What do others think of us when we greet them
____________________________________________________________________________
23．What can make people become closer
____________________________________________________________________________
24．Which is the easiest way to introduce ourselves, smiling or nodding
____________________________________________________________________________
25．Why is learning to respect others important
____________________________________________________________________________
（6）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
The “Go West” program is a voluntary service program. It helps less developed areas in China by sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years. This national program covers education, medical care, farming technology and so on. Many areas have benefited from the program since it started in 2003, and Sheyit is among them.
Sheyit Primary School is a faraway village school in Xinjiang. Thanks to the “Go West” program, many young graduates have arrived here to help. Although they come from different places across China, they all share the common wish: to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future in this way.
Those volunteer teachers at Sheyit Primary School set clear rules in class and expect students to finish homework on time. They know that many parents are busy herding (放牧) animals and have little time to help their children with homework. So, the teachers work very hard to help the students study. “This is where I discover the true meaning of my life,” a volunteer teacher here said. “When I see my students grow through my lessons, their progress becomes my prize.”
The students also greatly treasure their teachers’ teaching and care. They describe their teachers as the sun. They love going to school so much that some even come on weekends to study!
“When active students meet selfless (无私的) teachers, improvement is only a matter of time. Our school is no longer the worst in the city,” said Jin Wenbin, the leader of Sheyit Primary School. Since 2023, the school has produced many graduates. The graduates have done very well in local exams and got into top middle schools in Xinjiang.
26．How does the program help these less developed areas in China
____________________________________________________________________________
27．What is the young graduates’ common wish
____________________________________________________________________________
28．Do many parents have much time or little time to help their children with homework
____________________________________________________________________________
29．How are their teachers described as
____________________________________________________________________________
30．When did the Sheyit Primary School start to send many excellent graduates to top middle schools
____________________________________________________________________________
（7）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Last year, I left my job and went to work without pay in the rainforest. So many people have said to me, “I would love to do something like that.” And I say, “If you want to, just do it.” They always reply, “I cannot.” But, if you really want to do it, there are ways to make it happen.
After three days’ training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people. The living place was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This included a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out.
It was never dangerous there, but it was very challenging. There were things that we didn’t think we would manage to do, but we did. I had some of my worst moments there, but also some of my best—it made me feel alive. I didn’t miss my home as much as I thought. We had food, water, somewhere to stay, about three sets of clothes and really good friends. We were in the most beautiful place and we had things to keep us busy. We didn’t need any more.
One of the volunteers said, “Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were. I was always thinking about shoes, but really none of that matters. Here, people accept me for who I am, what I believe and think, not for what kind of clothes I’ve got.” What she said truly came from the bottom of my heart.
31．Where did the author work last year
____________________________________________________________________________
32．What did the author do before she started on an environmental project
____________________________________________________________________________
33．What was the author’s living place like
___________________________________________________________________________
34．What did the volunteer think was important before she came to the forest
____________________________________________________________________________
35．What do you think of the volunteers’ work Why
____________________________________________________________________________
（8）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
In a marathon, have you ever seen some special runners holding signs with different finish times They are marathon pacers (马拉松配速员), also known as “rabbits”. They are usually experienced volunteers who guide a group of runners at a set speed.
Their work is to help others finish the race within their goal time. Usually, there are about 12 pacers in a marathon. Each of them leads a different pace group. Many runners achieve their best finish times with pacers’ help.
Pacers play an important part in a marathon. Firstly, they help runners save energy and avoid slowing down. For example, if you go out too fast in the first half of the race, you will run out of energy quickly and slow down in the second half. With a pacer, you don’t have to think too hard about your pace. You just need to keep up with your pacer. Besides, during the hardest part of the race, pacers support runners by encouraging them.
It’s meaningful but hard to be a pacer. Take Li Jun as an example. He began his marathon journey in 2015. Then he became an active runner. Before he became a pacer, he had not only achieved many good results but also got rich experience in running. In 2018, he became a pacer for the first time, leading a group of runners towards a goal time of 3 hours and 30 minutes. “I want to help others achieve goals.” Li Jun said. Since then, he has continued to serve as a pacer in many marathons.
Pacers are the real heroes of the marathon. They teach us that with courage and support, everyone can overcome (克服) challenges and reach their dreams.
36．What are marathon pacers also called
____________________________________________________________________________
37．How many pacers are there in a marathon
____________________________________________________________________________
38．How do pacers give runners support during the hardest part of the race
____________________________________________________________________________
39．What does the writer think of being a pacer in Paragraph 4
____________________________________________________________________________
40．Why did Li Jun decide to be a marathon pacer
____________________________________________________________________________
（9）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world. In winter, the lake freezes. The ice is thick and clear, and it looks very beautiful. People like to walk, drive, or bike on the ice.
But the lake can also be very dangerous. In February 2026, eight Chinese tourists went to the lake. They took a van (面包车) with a local driver. The driver used to be a soccer coach. He wasn’t a tour guide. Although he knew the lake well, he did not like to follow safety rules. He thought he was always safe. Before driving onto the ice, some tourists asked him, “Is the ice really safe ” The driver laughed and said, “Don’ t worry. I have done this many times.” He did not stop at the warning signs. He drove fast onto the ice. There were eight Chinese tourists in the van. When the van was about 500 meters from the shore, the ice suddenly broke. The van fell into the cold water very quickly. Rescue teams came, but it was too late. Seven of the Chinese people died, only one survived.
Why did this happen Experts said the ice was not thick enough in that area because the weather was warmer than before. This sad story tells us nature is beautiful but we must always be careful and follow the rules.
41．Where is Lake Baikal
____________________________________________________________________________
42．When did the accident happen
____________________________________________________________________________
43．What happened to the van on Lake Baikal
____________________________________________________________________________
44．How many people were there on the van
____________________________________________________________________________
45．What can we learn from the accident
____________________________________________________________________________
（10）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Emotions play an important role in our daily life. Have you ever thought about why you feel happy after doing well on a test, or feel angry when someone cuts in line These feelings affect our thoughts and actions every day.
Our emotions usually come from our thoughts. Interestingly, different thoughts about the same situation can cause different feelings. Sometimes, our brains (大脑) create emotions without us even realizing it, just like how we jump when hearing a sudden loud noise.
When an emotion appears, three changes happen. First, our bodies change—hearts beat (跳动) faster when scared, tears come when sad, and smiles appear when happy. Second, our minds change—sadness brings sad memories while happiness brings happy memories to mind. Third, emotions make you take action. Anger may make us want to shout, and fear makes us want to run.
Sometimes emotions can be difficult to understand because different feelings can have the same body signals (信号). For example, both anger and fear can make our hearts beat fast. To better understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions (反应), and the things we would like to do.
Learning to manage emotions is very useful. When feeling strong emotions, try to “name” them by saying “I’m feeling angry” or “This is fear”. Naming emotions makes them easier to deal with. Remember that all emotions are normal and they help us understand ourselves better.
46．Why do emotions play an important role in our daily life
____________________________________________________________________________
47．Where do our emotions usually come from
____________________________________________________________________________
48．What changes when an emotion appears
____________________________________________________________________________
49．Why can emotions sometimes be difficult to understand
____________________________________________________________________________
50．What can you say to “name” your strong emotions (Your answer should be different from the underlined ones in the text.)
____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
（1）
1．He goes camping once a week./Once a week. 2．She’s from China./China. 3．Because it can help her keep healthy. 4．It begins in late February./In late February. 5．She hopes to be a writer./A writer.
【导语】本文主要介绍了来自美国、中国、泰国的三名学生各自的课余活动。
【详解】1．第三段明确告知“I go camping with my family once a week”可直接提取出 Eric 露营的频率是“一周一次”，答案为原文信息。
2．第四段“A message from a Chinese girl on February 26th, 2026”指出艾米来自于中国，答案为原文信息，直接提取。
3．第五段告知原因：“That’s also my favourite activity because it can help me keep healthy”直接回答了原因，说明 Amy 最喜欢游泳是因为它能帮助她保持健康。
4．最后一段明确指出“Our summer vacation begins in late February and lasts until mid-May”她的暑假从二月下旬开始，这是原文具体时间信息，直接提取。
5．文章最后一句“My favourite writer is Liu…like him when I grow up”告知朱迪的梦想是成为作家，答案几乎是原文引述。
（2）
6．Summer. 7．No, they aren’t. 8．The importance of safety. 9．Four./4. 10．To help children stay safe in summer. (答案不唯一)
【导语】本文指出夏季是14岁及以下儿童最危险的季节，近一半的儿童伤害相关死亡发生在夏季。专家鼓励儿童在户外活动的同时也要注意安全，并介绍了“让儿童安全过夏”活动提出的四项夏季安全建议。
【详解】6．第一段提到“Children know that summer is probably the most interesting of all seasons. However, experts say this season is the most dangerous, especially for children aged 14 and under.”，说明夏季是14岁及以下儿童最危险的季节。
7．第二段提到“Experts are not surprised by the study’s results.”，说明专家对这一研究结果并不感到惊讶。
8．第二段提到“While we encourage children to be active and spend more time outdoors, they need to understand the importance of safety,”，说明如果鼓励儿童多花时间在户外，他们需要理解安全的重要性。
9．最后一段列出了四项安全建议：系好安全带、在水上活动时穿救生衣、遵守交通规则、不单独见网友。
10．本文通过指出夏季儿童受伤风险高，并给出具体安全建议，旨在帮助儿童在夏季保持安全。围绕“帮助儿童在夏季保持安全”这一主旨适当表述即可，答案不唯一。
（3）
11．To improve teenagers' self-protection ability. 12．They taught students how to give first aid for cuts and burns. 13．They also learned key knowledge about traffic safety besides drowning prevention. 14．They learned by doing, through role-plays, real-case sharing, hands-on activities like using model bandages, doing fire escape drills and taking part in simulated traffic safety scenes. 15．Over 6,000 students benefited from the program.
【导语】本文介绍了东莞开展的校园急救与安全培训项目，包括培训目的、内容、形式以及师生和家长的评价。
11．文章第一段指出“To improve teenagers' self-protection ability, Dongguan carried out a special first-aid and safety training in 12 middle schools this spring.”，开展培训的目的是提升青少年的自我保护能力。
12．文章第二段指出“Teachers taught students how to give first aid for cuts, burns and falls.”，老师教学生如何为割伤和烧伤提供急救。
13．文章第二段指出“Students also learned key knowledge about drowning prevention and traffic safety.”，除了防溺水知识，学生还学习了交通安全的关键知识。
14．文章第三段“Different from traditional classes, students learned by doing. They used model bandages to dress wounds, did fire escape drills and took part in simulated traffic safety scenes. These hands-on activities helped students master skills more quickly.”以及第二段指出“All the lessons were given through role-plays and real-case sharing.”，学生通过实操学习，包括角色扮演、真实案例分享、使用模型绷带包扎伤口、进行火灾逃生演练和参与模拟交通安全场景等实践活动。
15．文章第一段指出“Over 6,000 students joined the program, learning to deal with common accidents in daily life.”，超过6000名学生参与并从该项目中受益。
（4）
16．Because there are many different cold viruses. 17．Three. 18．Because it helps wash the virus away. 19．About one week/About seven days. 20．I often drink more water and have a good rest.
【导语】本文主要讲述了春秋季人们容易感冒、感冒病毒的特点、身体对抗感冒病毒的方式、人们应对感冒的不同做法以及科学家对感冒吃药的相关看法。
16．首段直接说明科学家无法找到普通感冒治愈方法的原因是“because there are many different cold viruses”，属于原文直接给出的信息，可直接提取作答。
17．首段依次列举了身体对抗病毒的三个表现：鼻子充血呼吸不畅、发烧升温杀灭病毒、流鼻涕冲走病毒，统计数量即可得出答案，属于细节归纳题。
18．首段明确给出流鼻涕的原因“you have a runny nose to help wash the virus away”，是原文原句信息，直接提取就能作答。
19．文末笑话中提到不吃药一周、吃药七天都能痊愈，一周和七天时长一致，概括得出感冒痊愈的常规时长，属于信息整合概括题。
20．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合自身生活实际，写出自己感冒时常用的应对做法，语法正确、语义通顺合理即可。
（5）
21．It may be difficult. 22．They think we are friendly. 23．Sharing. 24．Smiling. 25．Because the world is full of differences and it is the best way to get others’ respect.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了朋友的重要性，并介绍了问候他人、分享物品、帮助他人、微笑待人、尊重他人这五种交朋友的有效方法。
【详解】21．第一段明确指出“Life may be difficult when we have no good friends around.”。这是原文中的信息，直接提取。
22．“Greet others”这一部分明确指出“It makes others think we are friendly.”。It指代前文的“Greet others and wish them a good day”。答案几乎是原文引述。
23．“Share things with others”这一部分明确指出“Sharing can make people become closer.”。这是原文中的信息，直接提取。
24．“Smile at others”这一部分明确指出“A smile is perhaps the easiest way to introduce ourselves.”。本题是选择疑问句，因此答案为“Smiling.”。
25．“Respect others”这一部分明确指出“The world is full of differences, so learning to respect others is important. It is the best way to get others’ respect.”。答案提取了第一句话的前一分句以及第二句话的全部，并用and连接成一个句子。
（6）
26．It helps them by sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years. 27．Their common wish is to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future. 28．They have little time to help their children with homework. 29．Their teachers are described as the sun. 30．Since 2023.
【导语】本文主要介绍了“西部计划”志愿服务项目，以及该项目对新疆协依提小学带来的积极改变。
【详解】26．第一段第二句直接说明该项目通过“sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years”帮助欠发达地区，答案是原文直接信息。
27．第二段最后一句直接说明年轻毕业生的共同愿望是“to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future”，答案是原文直接引述。
28．第三段第二句直接说明很多家长“have little time to help their children with homework”，答案是原文直接信息。
29．第四段第二句直接说明学生们把老师比作“the sun”，答案是原文直接信息。
30．第五段第三句直接说明协依提小学从“Since 2023”开始输送优秀毕业生，答案是原文具体时间信息。
（7）
31．In the rainforest. 32．The writer had three days’ training. 33．It was very basic, with a simple bed, a cloth roof, and a net to keep insects out. 34．What clothes she wore and who her friends were. 35．I think the volunteers’ work is very meaningful because they can help protect the Earth.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年辞去工作去雨林做志愿者的经历，描述了那里的生活条件、挑战以及内心的感悟。
【详解】31．文章第一段中提到“Last year, I left my job and went to work without pay in the rainforest.”，说明作者去年在雨林工作。
32．文章第二段提到“After three days’ training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people.”，说明作者在开始项目前进行了三天培训。
33．文章第二段中提到“The living place was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This included a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out.”，说明作者的工作居住地很简陋，有一张床铺、一个布质屋顶和防虫网。
34．文章第四段中提到“Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were.”，说明志愿者之前认为穿着和朋友很重要。
35．开放性题目，根据文章内容回答合理即可。通读全文可知，这是一项环境项目，且志愿者们在艰苦的环境中收获了成长，明白了内心的认可比外在物质更重要。因此这份工作既保护了环境又促进了个人成长，是有意义的。
（8）
36．Rabbits. 37．About 12. 38．By encouraging them. 39．Meaningful but hard. 40．To help others achieve goals.
【导语】本文主要介绍了马拉松配速员（也被称为“兔子”）的工作内容、他们在马拉松中发挥的重要作用，以及成为配速员的意义，同时通过李军的例子进一步说明配速员的情况。
【详解】36．第一段明确提到“They are marathon pacers (马拉松配速员), also known as ‘rabbits’.”，所以马拉松配速员也被称为“Rabbits”，答案直接从原文提取。
37．第二段指出“Usually, there are about 12 pacers in a marathon.”，表明一场马拉松大约有12名配速员，这是原文直接给出的信息。
38．第三段提到“Besides, during the hardest part of the race, pacers support runners by encouraging them.”，说明在比赛最艰难的部分，配速员通过鼓励选手来给予支持，答案从原文直接获取。
39．第四段开头“It’s meaningful but hard to be a pacer.”直接表明作者认为成为配速员是有意义但困难的，答案为原文直接表述。
40．第四段李军说“I want to help others achieve goals.”以及后文提到他持续担任配速员，说明他决定成为马拉松配速员是为了帮助他人实现目标，答案从原文相关语句提取。
（9）
41．It is located in Siberia, Russia. 42．It happened in February 2026. 43．The ice suddenly broke and the van fell into the cold water quickly. 44．There were 9 people in the van. 45．We must always be careful and follow the rules when we are in nature.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了发生在俄罗斯贝加尔湖的冰面车祸事故，讲述了事故的起因、经过，并点明了遵守安全规则的重要性。
41．根据原文第1段第1句：“Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world.”可知，贝加尔湖位于俄罗斯西伯利亚。
42．根据原文第2段第2句：“In February 2026, eight Chinese tourists went to the lake.”可知，事故发生在2026年2月。
43．根据原文第2段第14-15句：“When the van was about 500 meters from the shore, the ice suddenly broke. The van fell into the cold water very quickly.”可知，面包车行驶到距离岸边约500米处时，冰面突然破裂，面包车迅速坠入冰冷的湖水中。
44．根据原文第2段第13句：“There were eight Chinese tourists in the van.”；第2段第3句“They took a van with a local driver.”可知，面包车内有8名中国游客，同时还有1名当地司机，车内总人数为9人。
45．根据原文第3段最后第一句：“This sad story tells us nature is beautiful but we must always be careful and follow the rules.”可知，这起事故告诉我们，大自然虽然美丽，但我们必须时刻保持谨慎，遵守安全规则。
（10）
46．Because they affect our thoughts and actions every day.
47．They usually come from our thoughts.
48．Our bodies, minds and actions change.
49．Because different feelings can have the same body signals.
50．I’m feeling sad.
【导语】本文介绍了情绪在日常生活中的作用、情绪的来源、情绪出现时的三种变化、情绪难以理解的原因以及如何通过命名来管理情绪。
【详解】46．第一段“These feelings affect our thoughts and actions every day.”说明情绪在日常生活中扮演重要角色是因为它们影响我们的思想和行动，直接提取信息。
47．第二段“Our emotions usually come from our thoughts.”说明情绪的来源。直接提取信息。
48．第三段“First, our bodies change…Second, our minds change…Third, emotions make you take action.”说明当情绪出现时，我们的身体、思想和行动会发生变化，整合为：Our bodies, minds and actions change.
49．第四段“Sometimes emotions can be difficult to understand because different feelings can have the same body signals.”说明情绪难以理解是因为不同的感觉可能有相同的身体信号，答案几乎是原文引述。
50．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，合理表达情绪即可。
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【核心考点集训】2026春人教版英语八年级下册期末复习学案
题型过关第7讲 读写综合之回答问题
一、考情说明
读写综合分A信息归纳、B回答问题；回答问题一般5小题，每题2分，共10分。
文章多记叙文/说明文（校园、人物、活动、科普、生活习惯），难度贴合八下课本；
题型：特殊疑问词提问 what/who/when/where/why/how/how many/how long；
答题硬性规则：尽量用原文短句作答，能简短不写长句，符合字数要求，语法无误。
二、标准五步解题流程（考场通用）
步骤1：先看5道问题，圈疑问词+定位关键词
不用先读文章，直接读题干，圈两类词：
1. 疑问词（决定答案类型）
- who → 人；where → 地点；when → 时间；why → 原因（because）
- how many → 数字；how long → 时长；what → 事物/动作
2. 定位词（人名、数字、专有名词、名词短语）
例：What did Lucy do last Sunday
圈：what, Lucy, last Sunday
步骤2：带着关键词回原文扫读定位（寻读法，不逐句翻译）
只用找和题干一模一样/同义替换的词，找到句子即为答案句；
生词跳过，不用读懂全文，只抓定位句。
步骤3：提取核心信息，精简作答（得分关键）
原文句子很长，不能整句抄写，只留答案核心，删掉修饰：
原文：She visited her grandparents with her little sister last Sunday morning.
问题：What did Lucy do last Sunday
精简答案：She visited her grandparents.
步骤4：对应疑问词规范句式，避免格式扣分
1. Who 提问：主语是人，直接写人名/人称代词
Q: Who helped Tom A: His mother. / His mother helped Tom.
2. Where 提问：答地点，at/in+地点
Q: Where will they meet A: At the school gate.
3. When 提问：答时间（日期/星期/几点）
Q: When did they leave A: At 7 o’clock.
4. Why 提问：必须用 Because+句子
Q: Why was he late A: Because he missed the bus.
5. How many 提问：答数字
Q: How many books does he have A: Three.
6. How long 提问：答一段时间（for+时间段）
Q: How long did they stay there A: For two days.
7. What 提问：答事物/动作，主谓完整或名词短语均可
步骤5：检查4大扣分点，做完必核对
1. 时态一致：问句什么时态，答案就用相同时态（一般过去时最容易错）
2. 人称转换：原文I → 答题换成 he/she
3. 单复数、三单、动词变形正确
4. 不超字数、不答无关内容、不抄写一整段原文
三、高频扣分陷阱（广东期末最爱挖坑）
陷阱1：时态混淆（八上八下重灾区）
问句过去式（did/was/were），答案动词必须用过去式
错：He play basketball.
对：He played basketball.
陷阱2：why 不用 because 直接扣分
问句Why，只写短语不写because不得分
错：Missed the bus.
对：Because he missed the bus.
陷阱3：信息不全/只答一半（部分匹配不给满分）
Q: What does Lily like to do after school
原文：Lily likes to read storybooks after school.
半分答案：Storybooks.（勉强得分，不推荐）
满分答案：She likes to read storybooks.
陷阱4：数字、地点漏介词
Q: Where do they have class
错：classroom
对：In the classroom.
陷阱5：同义替换藏答案，原词找不到
题干单词≠原文单词，需要识别替换：
like doing = enjoy doing；
at weekends = on Saturday and Sunday；
be ill = have a cold
陷阱6：干扰句误导（文中出现两个时间/两个人物）
题干有限定词：last year/this term，只找带限定词的句子，其他时间信息直接忽略。
四、两种答题格式（考场任选，都给满分）
1. 简短名词/短语（省时，推荐）
Q: How many students joined the club
A: Twenty.
2. 完整短句（稳妥，不易语法丢分）
A: Twenty students joined the club.
要求：两种都不用加句号也可以，书写清晰即可
五、八下常考时态答题模板
1. 一般过去时（did提问）
问句：What did sb do...
模板：Sb + 动词过去式 + 其他
2. 一般现在时（does/do提问）
模板：Sb + 动词原形/三单
3. 一般将来时（will/be going to）
模板：Sb will do... / Sb is going to do...
4. 现在完成时（八下难点）
How long has he lived here
A: He has lived here for 5 years.
六、极速做题口诀
先读题干圈关键词，回文定位找原句；
疑问词定答案类型，精简摘抄别全抄；
why带because，时态人称要统一；
数字地点加介词，多余信息全舍弃。
（1）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Recently, I put a question “What free-time activities do you usually do ” on my blog. Here are the answers of three students.
A message from an American boy on February 24th, 2026
Hi, My name is Eric. I have many free-time activities. For example, I go camping with my family once a week. We take a lot of food and drinks with us. We sing, dance and play games together. If we feel tired, we can rest in beautiful tents.
A message from a Chinese girl on February 26th, 2026
Hello! I’m Amy, a student in Grade 7. We students are busy with the schoolwork. We only have two days free in a week. For me, after I finish my homework at home, I usually go swimming with my friends. It is a good way to relax. That’s also my favourite activity because it can help me keep healthy.
A message from a Thai girl on February 28th, 2026
I’m Judy. Our summer vacation begins in late February and lasts until mid-May. I hardly ever go out on my vacation. My mother is an actress and my father is a policeman. They are busy all the time. That’s why I always stay at home by myself. On my vacation, my favourite activity is reading at home. My favourite writer is Liu Cixin and I hope I can be a writer like him when I grow up.
1．How often does Eric go camping
____________________________________________________________________________
2．Where is Amy from
____________________________________________________________________________
3．Why does Amy like swimming best
____________________________________________________________________________
4．When does the summer vacation begin in Thailand
____________________________________________________________________________
5．What does Judy hope to be when she grows up
____________________________________________________________________________
（2）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Children know that summer is probably the most interesting of all seasons. However, experts say this season is the most dangerous, especially for children aged 14 and under. In a study of children’s safety in the US, researchers found that nearly half of the injury-related (与受伤相关的) deaths among children happened in summer.
Experts are not surprised by the study’s results. They always know summer is a dangerous season for children. During the summer, children are out of school and spend more time outdoors. They are more likely to get into an accident or be injured. “While we encourage children to be active and spend more time outdoors, they need to understand the importance of safety,” said an expert.
To help children stay safe, the “Make It a Safe Kids’ Summer” Campaign was started during Safe Kids Week, from 7 May to 13 May.
Here are some important summer safety tips from the campaign.
Always wear your seat belt.
Wear a life jacket when on a boat or doing water sports.
Obey all traffic rules.
Don’t meet e-pals alone.
6．Which season is the most dangerous for children aged 14 and under
____________________________________________________________________________
7．Are experts surprised by the study’s results
____________________________________________________________________________
8．What do children need to understand if we encourage them to spend more time outdoors
___________________________________________________________________________
9．How many summer safety tips given by the campaign are mentioned in the passage
____________________________________________________________________________
10．What’s the purpose of writing this passage
____________________________________________________________________________
（3）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
First-Aid & Safety Training in Dongguan Schools
To improve teenagers’ self-protection ability, Dongguan carried out a special first-aid and safety training in 12 middle schools this spring. Over 6,000 students joined the program, learning to deal with common accidents in daily life.
The training covered many practical skills. Teachers taught students how to give first aid for cuts, burns and falls. Students also learned key knowledge (知识) about drowning prevention (防溺水) and traffic safety. Besides, they practiced how to call 120 for help correctly and what to do during a fire escape. All the lessons were given through role-plays and real-case (真实事例) sharing.
Different from traditional classes, students learned by doing. They used model bandages to dress wounds (包扎伤口), did fire escape drills (逃生演练) and took part in simulated (模拟) traffic safety scenes (场景). These hands-on activities helped students master skills more quickly.
Teachers and parents both spoke highly of the program. A head teacher said "These skills are necessary for teenagers to face unexpected (难预料的) dangers.” A parent added, “It makes my child more confident to protect himself.” Such training helps students stay safe and grow up healthily.
11．Why did Dongguan carry out the safety training this spring
____________________________________________________________________________
12．What did teachers teach students to do for cuts and burns
____________________________________________________________________________
13．What key knowledge did students learn besides drowning prevention
____________________________________________________________________________
14．How did students learn safety skills in the program
____________________________________________________________________________
15．How many students benefited from the program
____________________________________________________________________________
（4）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
It is easy for many people to catch a cold in spring or fall. Scientists can’t find a cure for common colds because there are many different cold viruses. You never know which one you will get. When a virus gets into your body, your body works hard to fight against it. First, blood rushes to your nose and you can’t breathe well, but your body is fighting the virus. Also, your temperature goes up and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. What’s more, you have a runny nose to help wash the virus away. Your body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.
Different people do different things to deal with colds. Some people might have chicken soup to help them get over the cold and some take medicine to stop different symptoms (症状) of colds.
Some scientists say taking medicine when you have a cold is bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it and kill it. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own. There is a joke: It takes about one week to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine, but it takes only about seven days to get over a cold if you take medicine.
16．Why can’t scientists find a cure for common colds
____________________________________________________________________________
17．How many examples does the writer give of your body fighting against viruses
____________________________________________________________________________
18．Why do people have a runny nose when having a cold
____________________________________________________________________________
19．How long does it usually take to get over a cold
____________________________________________________________________________
20．What do you often do to deal with colds
____________________________________________________________________________
（5）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Friends are important. Life may be difficult when we have no good friends around. This may happen when we move to a different school or we are sick at home. We may feel lonely without friends. We want to have new friends. But how to make friends How do we start How do we get along with others Here are some useful ways to make friends.
Greet others
Greet others and wish them a good day, no matter what time it is. It makes others think we are friendly.
Share things with others
Take something to eat in our pockets. And if others would like to have some, hand it to them. Sharing can make people become closer.
Help others
Simple actions, like helping others carry something or opening a door for them, can show our kindness. By helping others in need, we will learn to care about them.
Smile at others
A smile is perhaps the easiest way to introduce ourselves. When others help us, we should smile at them to show our thanks.
Respect others
The world is full of differences, so learning to respect others is important. It is the best way to get others’ respect. Respect makes the world better.
21．How may life be when we have no good friends around
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22．What do others think of us when we greet them
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23．What can make people become closer
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24．Which is the easiest way to introduce ourselves, smiling or nodding
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25．Why is learning to respect others important
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（6）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
The “Go West” program is a voluntary service program. It helps less developed areas in China by sending college graduates to work there for 1 to 3 years. This national program covers education, medical care, farming technology and so on. Many areas have benefited from the program since it started in 2003, and Sheyit is among them.
Sheyit Primary School is a faraway village school in Xinjiang. Thanks to the “Go West” program, many young graduates have arrived here to help. Although they come from different places across China, they all share the common wish: to bring hope and knowledge to the children and lead them to a brighter future in this way.
Those volunteer teachers at Sheyit Primary School set clear rules in class and expect students to finish homework on time. They know that many parents are busy herding (放牧) animals and have little time to help their children with homework. So, the teachers work very hard to help the students study. “This is where I discover the true meaning of my life,” a volunteer teacher here said. “When I see my students grow through my lessons, their progress becomes my prize.”
The students also greatly treasure their teachers’ teaching and care. They describe their teachers as the sun. They love going to school so much that some even come on weekends to study!
“When active students meet selfless (无私的) teachers, improvement is only a matter of time. Our school is no longer the worst in the city,” said Jin Wenbin, the leader of Sheyit Primary School. Since 2023, the school has produced many graduates. The graduates have done very well in local exams and got into top middle schools in Xinjiang.
26．How does the program help these less developed areas in China
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27．What is the young graduates’ common wish
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28．Do many parents have much time or little time to help their children with homework
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29．How are their teachers described as
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30．When did the Sheyit Primary School start to send many excellent graduates to top middle schools
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（7）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Last year, I left my job and went to work without pay in the rainforest. So many people have said to me, “I would love to do something like that.” And I say, “If you want to, just do it.” They always reply, “I cannot.” But, if you really want to do it, there are ways to make it happen.
After three days’ training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people. The living place was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This included a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out.
It was never dangerous there, but it was very challenging. There were things that we didn’t think we would manage to do, but we did. I had some of my worst moments there, but also some of my best—it made me feel alive. I didn’t miss my home as much as I thought. We had food, water, somewhere to stay, about three sets of clothes and really good friends. We were in the most beautiful place and we had things to keep us busy. We didn’t need any more.
One of the volunteers said, “Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were. I was always thinking about shoes, but really none of that matters. Here, people accept me for who I am, what I believe and think, not for what kind of clothes I’ve got.” What she said truly came from the bottom of my heart.
31．Where did the author work last year
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32．What did the author do before she started on an environmental project
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33．What was the author’s living place like
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34．What did the volunteer think was important before she came to the forest
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35．What do you think of the volunteers’ work Why
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（8）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
In a marathon, have you ever seen some special runners holding signs with different finish times They are marathon pacers (马拉松配速员), also known as “rabbits”. They are usually experienced volunteers who guide a group of runners at a set speed.
Their work is to help others finish the race within their goal time. Usually, there are about 12 pacers in a marathon. Each of them leads a different pace group. Many runners achieve their best finish times with pacers’ help.
Pacers play an important part in a marathon. Firstly, they help runners save energy and avoid slowing down. For example, if you go out too fast in the first half of the race, you will run out of energy quickly and slow down in the second half. With a pacer, you don’t have to think too hard about your pace. You just need to keep up with your pacer. Besides, during the hardest part of the race, pacers support runners by encouraging them.
It’s meaningful but hard to be a pacer. Take Li Jun as an example. He began his marathon journey in 2015. Then he became an active runner. Before he became a pacer, he had not only achieved many good results but also got rich experience in running. In 2018, he became a pacer for the first time, leading a group of runners towards a goal time of 3 hours and 30 minutes. “I want to help others achieve goals.” Li Jun said. Since then, he has continued to serve as a pacer in many marathons.
Pacers are the real heroes of the marathon. They teach us that with courage and support, everyone can overcome (克服) challenges and reach their dreams.
36．What are marathon pacers also called
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37．How many pacers are there in a marathon
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38．How do pacers give runners support during the hardest part of the race
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39．What does the writer think of being a pacer in Paragraph 4
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40．Why did Li Jun decide to be a marathon pacer
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（9）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world. In winter, the lake freezes. The ice is thick and clear, and it looks very beautiful. People like to walk, drive, or bike on the ice.
But the lake can also be very dangerous. In February 2026, eight Chinese tourists went to the lake. They took a van (面包车) with a local driver. The driver used to be a soccer coach. He wasn’t a tour guide. Although he knew the lake well, he did not like to follow safety rules. He thought he was always safe. Before driving onto the ice, some tourists asked him, “Is the ice really safe ” The driver laughed and said, “Don’ t worry. I have done this many times.” He did not stop at the warning signs. He drove fast onto the ice. There were eight Chinese tourists in the van. When the van was about 500 meters from the shore, the ice suddenly broke. The van fell into the cold water very quickly. Rescue teams came, but it was too late. Seven of the Chinese people died, only one survived.
Why did this happen Experts said the ice was not thick enough in that area because the weather was warmer than before. This sad story tells us nature is beautiful but we must always be careful and follow the rules.
41．Where is Lake Baikal
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42．When did the accident happen
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43．What happened to the van on Lake Baikal
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44．How many people were there on the van
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45．What can we learn from the accident
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（10）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求答案语法正确、语义完整。
Emotions play an important role in our daily life. Have you ever thought about why you feel happy after doing well on a test, or feel angry when someone cuts in line These feelings affect our thoughts and actions every day.
Our emotions usually come from our thoughts. Interestingly, different thoughts about the same situation can cause different feelings. Sometimes, our brains (大脑) create emotions without us even realizing it, just like how we jump when hearing a sudden loud noise.
When an emotion appears, three changes happen. First, our bodies change—hearts beat (跳动) faster when scared, tears come when sad, and smiles appear when happy. Second, our minds change—sadness brings sad memories while happiness brings happy memories to mind. Third, emotions make you take action. Anger may make us want to shout, and fear makes us want to run.
Sometimes emotions can be difficult to understand because different feelings can have the same body signals (信号). For example, both anger and fear can make our hearts beat fast. To better understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions (反应), and the things we would like to do.
Learning to manage emotions is very useful. When feeling strong emotions, try to “name” them by saying “I’m feeling angry” or “This is fear”. Naming emotions makes them easier to deal with. Remember that all emotions are normal and they help us understand ourselves better.
46．Why do emotions play an important role in our daily life
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47．Where do our emotions usually come from
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48．What changes when an emotion appears
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49．Why can emotions sometimes be difficult to understand
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50．What can you say to “name” your strong emotions (Your answer should be different from the underlined ones in the text.)
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