资源简介

　　When the satellite forecast announced an 1.　　　　　　　(approach) typhoon, the fishing village in the county sprang into action. Fishermen 2.　　　　　　　(immediate) grabbed nets and tools, while families secured their property with sandbags. Children were told to prepare sufficient food and water. “This might 3.　　　　　　　(threat) our entire village,” warned Tao, the village chief, looking at the dark clouds gathering overhead.
By midnight, the worst 4.　　　　　　(occur). The storm erupted with terrifying force beyond all predictions. The winds shattered every window, 5.　　　　 the flood nearly swallowed the main road. “To the emergency shelter in the school,” Tao shouted, guiding villagers through the mess.
6.　　　　 dawn, when the rescue teams arrived by helicopter, they lowered ropes precisely where 7.　　　　　　(survive) waved shirts. The disaster claimed two fishing boats and damaged property worth billions yuan, but miraculously no lives were lost.
In the following days, the villagers worked tirelessly 8.　　　　　　　　　(rebuild). Fishermen repaired boats, while women removed mud from homes. Children collected unbroken tubes to create a new irrigation system. Though the disaster had claimed much, the 9.　　　　(rely) lighthouse still stood, its beam now guiding rebuilding efforts at night. One evening, 10.　　　　 child gasped, pointing upward, “The Big Dipper!” Stars pierced the clouds, bright as the hope in their hearts. “We have yet to rebuild everything,” Tao said, “but we’re alive, and that’s enough to start again.”
occur　v.(occurred; occurred; occurring)发生;出现;(想法、念头等)被想到
(1)sth occurs to sb　某人想到某事
(2)It occurs to sb that…/to do…
某人突然想到(做)……
(3)occurrence n. 发生;存在;出现
[温馨提示] 表示“某人想到……”的句式:
It strikes/hits sb that…
sth strikes/hits sb
sth comes/springs to mind
sb hits on/upon sth
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·北京卷] Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the 　　　　　　(occur) of common diseases.
②It seldom occurred to them 　　　　　　　(wander) a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them.
(2)完成句子
①[译林必修三U2] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(她立刻想到) these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (读后续写话题之灾难遇险) 　
②[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这对双胞胎突然想到一个好主意) that they could make breakfast for their mother to celebrate Mother’s Day. (读后续写之心理
描写)
rescue　v. & n.营救,解救
(1)rescue…from…　 　从……中营救……
(2)come to one’s rescue 来营救某人
(3)rescuer n. 救援者
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors 　　　　the sinking boat.
②The 　　　　(rescue) together with Jessika started pulling me up inch by inch desperately.
(2)完成句子
A familiar figure leaped out of the truck and, without hesitation, 　　　　　　　　　　　(来救我). (读后续写之动作描写)
claim　v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命);声称;断言;索赔;认领 n.要求;主张,声称
(1)claim to do sth　　　　声称做某事
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
claim that… 声称……
(2)It is claimed that… 据说……
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①[沪教选必二U2] Although people can access a lot of information online, some claim that the information is often misleading or inaccurate. 　　　　　
②So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library. 　　　　　
③If the shop won’t give me a replacement TV, I’ll claim my money back. 　　　　　
④[北师选必三U9] The 1997 bird flu which claimed over 100 lives was an adaptation of the Great Flu of 1918. 　　　　　
(2)句式改写
He claimed that he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
→He 　　　　　　　　　　　a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
→　　　　　　　　　　 he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. (it作形式主语)
shelter　n.庇护,掩蔽;收容所 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避
(1)take shelter from… 躲避……
under the shelter of… 在……的庇护下
(2)shelter from the rain/wind/sunlight
避雨/风/阳光
shelter sb from sth 保护……以避免……(的伤害)
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·浙江1月考] When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter 　　　　the rain. Ages ago, right
(2)完成句子
①Firefighters risked their own lives to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(保护当地居民免受……的伤害) the burning fire. (应用文写
作话题之灾难救援)
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在我父母的爱的庇护下), I was able to pursue my dreams without fear of failure. (应用文写作
话题之家庭生活) 　
(教材P91) He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
一出现暴风雨,“他”就消失了。
the moment一……就……
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
句中the moment相当于连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”。表示“一……就……”的结构有:
(1)as soon as+时间状语从句;
(2)immediately/instantly/directly+时间状语从句;
(3)the second/instant/minute+时间状语从句;
(4)on/upon+n./doing;
(5)hardly+主句(过去完成时)+when+从句(一般过去时)(hardly放于句首时,用部分倒装结构);
(6)no sooner+主句(过去完成时)+than+从句(一般过去时)(no sooner放于句首时,用部分倒装结构)。
【活学活用】
一句多译
[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写] 我一下飞机,就拼命地跑过机场大楼,毫不犹豫地跳上了出租车站的第一辆出租车。(读后续写之动作描写)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (the+名词)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (副词)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (介词短语)
→I had 　　　　　　　　　got off the plane 　　　　　I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (部分倒装)
(教材P92) Although it was only a few days before we were rescued, it felt like months.
虽然几天后我们就获救了,但却觉得像是过了好几个月。
It+be+时间段+before引导的从句.
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
在肯定句中before意为“在……之后才”:
It will be long/years/…before…要过很久/几年/……才……
It was long/years/…before…过了很久/几年/……才……
在否定句中before意为“不多久就……”:
It won’t be long/years/…before…用不了多久/几年/……就……
It wasn’t long/years/…before…没过多久/几年/……就……
【活学活用】
完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(过了好几分钟才) I took in what he was saying.
②　　　　　　　　　　　(没过多久就) the artist’s unique perspective gained recognition, her work connecting with a global audience.
●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.It’s still impossible to accurately predict the 　　　　　　(occur) of earthquakes.
2.A group of us were sheltering 　　　　the rain in a doorway.
3.With the hurricane strengthening overnight, the local government updated its 　　　　　　(announce) to warn people against going out unnecessarily.
4.The sudden volcanic 　　　　　　(erupt) sparked a widespread crisis, leaving thousands of residents trapped and in urgent need of food and shelter.
5.When the hurricane struck the coastal town, rescuers 　　　　　　　　(immediate) came to the aid of those affected by the disaster.
6.The team was able to complete the project on time because they had access to 　　　　　(rely) sources of information and sufficient resources to carry out their tasks efficiently.
7.It 　　　　　　(claim) that donations to the charity have amounted to one billion yuan since 2001.
8.By programming a computer to account for tides, gravity, and other factors, Gladys and her team created a program to 　　　　　　(precise) calculate the orbit of satellites.
9.Volunteers helped elderly residents move to safe areas quickly, knowing that every minute counted as the tsunami 　　　　　　(threat) the small town.
10.The diplomat, though 　　　　　　　　(exceptional) annoyed by the reporter’s pointed question, responded with measured and professional calm.　
●Ⅱ 短语检测
1.　　　　　　　(既然) the new satellite has been successfully launched, scientists can monitor climate changes across remote regions with unmatched accuracy.
2.When you 　　　　　　　(到达) the last stretch on the field, just throw your head back and run.
3.When the designer heard customers criticise the new product’s flaws, he 　　　　　　　(对……做出反应) their feedback calmly by noting key improvements.
4.The real estate company 　　　　　　　(还没有) find a property with sufficient outdoor space to meet the client’s specific requirements.
5.　　　　　　　　　　(突然), a faint light flashed from the collapsed house, giving the rescuers a clear sign of survivors.
6.I tend to 　　　　　　　　(浏览) these notes when I need inspiration or just to refresh my memory.
7.The young entrepreneur, who believes in “never say never” 　　　　　　　　　　　(面对) constant failures, has finally turned his small business into a success.
8.With 　　　　　　　　　　(心情沉重), Sarah couldn’t fall asleep, torn between her commitment to honesty and her desire to protect their friendship.
●Ⅲ 句型与写作
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I could turn on the flashlight of the cellphone as a signal.
我突然想到,我可以打开手机的手电筒作为信号。(读后续写之心理描写)
2.It was some time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, with tears still streaming down her face. (状语从句)
过了好一阵子,她才设法平静下来,脸上依然挂着泪水。(读后续写之心理+表情描写)
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　 with her lips slightly parted, I didn’t know what to say in the sudden silence of the classroom. (独立主格结构)
女孩盯着我,嘴唇微微张开,在教室突如其来的寂静中,我不知该说些什么。(读后续写之动作+
心理描写)
4.I was always afraid of water. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, my legs would turn to jelly. (the moment)
我总是害怕水。我一走近水边,我的腿就发软。(读后续写之动作+心理描写)
5.I gave him my telephone number, 　　　　　　　　　　when I returned to Vienna. (分词作状语)
我给了他我的电话号码,答应回到维也纳就付钱。(读后续写之动作+语言描写)
●Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.I 　　　　　　(panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
2.We’ll have a picnic at the beach, weather 　　　　　　(permit).
3.Visitors 　　　　　　　(permit) to take photos as long as they don’t use flash.
4.It’s such a fine day and let’s go 　　　　　(picnic), shall we
5.To their disappointment, the advertisement designed to promote their new product didn’t work out well as 　　　　　　(plan).
6.Action without 　　　　　　(plan) is like sailing without a compass. You may move, but you are likely to end up lost.
●Ⅱ 构词法规则
构词法 名词后缀-ance;名词后缀-ence
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2025·北京卷] Usually, better outcomes are achieved through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
2.[2024·浙江1月考] As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. 　　　　　
3.Bus Rapid Transit, or busways, with dedicated lanes and special stops, have faced resistance from some residents and business owners, who worry about losing car lanes or parking.
　　　　　
4.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. 　　　　　
5.[2022·北京卷] Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occurrence of common diseases.
●Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.handle
①[2021·全国乙卷] If there is anything I feel I cannot handle, I’ll call you. 　　　　　
②[2022·全国甲卷] The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. 　　　　　
③[典范英语8] “You can’t lock me out of the girls’ room!” yelled Pearl and she rattled the door handle. 　　　　　
2.hang
①With so little evidence to prove her guilt, few people thought she should be hanged. 　　　　　
②[典范英语8] Scrapman hung his head. He wasn’t very good at reading. 　　　　　
③[典范英语8] “But it’s supposed to hang the picture…” said Doohickey, trying to remember the professor’s list. 　　　　　
3.head
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. 　　　　　
②John was chosen to head the team to investigate the case. 　　　　　
4.hit
①[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. 　　　　　
②[2021·浙江6月考] Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball, or throwing a football, preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. 　　　　　
③[2021·北京卷] When I saw the various supplies we had collected, it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child. 　　　　　
④[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷] A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. 　　　　　
⑤The film became a big hit with young people as soon as it was introduced home. 　　　　
5.hold
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Pack a bag, cut a cake, guess which juice container holds the most liquid, and much more. 　　　　　
②[2024·北京卷] While he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions. 　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
　　假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Jack得知你所住的村庄上周遭遇了洪灾,来信关心灾情和灾后重建。请你给他写一封邮件回复,内容包括:
1.感谢关心;
2.介绍灾情、救灾和灾后重建情况。
Dear Jack,
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们由衷感谢你对我们村上周遭遇洪灾的关切). Your care warms our hearts.
The flood struck without warning, 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(淹没了大部分农田,也损毁了一些房屋). Fortunately, no one was injured. 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(灾情一发生,政府就启动了;倒装) emergency rescue operations. 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们帮助老人躲避洪灾) in the village hall. 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(洪水刚退,志愿者们便立即加入我们,共同开展重建工作).
Everything is going smoothly. We believe 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(生活很快就能恢复正常). Thanks again!
Yours,
Li Hua
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
18.动作描写——嘴部动作
【语言素材】
咬住嘴唇 bite one’s lip 舔嘴唇 lick one’s lips
使某人直流口水 make one’s mouth water 捂住某人的嘴 cup/cover one’s mouth
吐出 spit out 咧开嘴 widen one’s mouth
咬一口…… take a bite of 吮吸大拇指 suck one’s thumb
咀嚼食物 chew the food 喝/抿一小口…… have/take a sip of
清嗓子 clear one’s throat 困倦地打哈欠 yawn sleepily
张大嘴 one’s mouth drops open 目瞪口呆的 open-mouthed
【跟踪演练】
●Ⅰ 单句表达
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when I smelled the aroma of food.
闻到食物的香味,我开始流口水了。
2.She 　　　　　　　　　　　to hide her yawn, as she didn’t want to seem uninterested in the conversation.
她捂住嘴巴以掩饰自己的哈欠,因为她不想显得对谈话不感兴趣。
3.She was about to pick up the sandwich and 　　　　　　　when suddenly a hand 　　　　　　　　　　　.
她刚要拿起三明治咬一口,突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。
4.She 　　　　　　　　　　to keep it from trembling as tears ran down her cheeks.
泪水顺着脸颊流下时,她咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇发抖。
5.The child 　　　　　　　　　　eagerly when he saw the ice cream truck approaching the playground.
当这个孩子看到冰淇淋车朝操场开来时,他急切地舔了舔嘴唇。
6.As the meeting room fell silent, she 　　　　　　　　　　　to draw attention before making her statement.
当会议室安静下来后,她清了清嗓子以引起注意,然后发表了声明。
●Ⅱ 语段表达
After a long day at school, I walked home with my heavy schoolbag, tired and hungry. The moment I pushed open the front door, a tempting smell of freshly cooked food drifted over from the kitchen. I 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(情不自禁地舔了舔嘴唇) and swallowing hard. Kicking off my shoes and dropping my bag, I hurried to the dining room. There, on the table, was a plate of fried chicken that 2.　　　　　　　　　　　(令我垂涎欲滴). I grabbed a chicken drumstick and 3.　　　　　　　　　　　(咬了一口). The meat was tender and juicy. I closed my eyes and 4.　　　　　　　(慢慢地咀嚼), enjoying the pleasure that delicacies brought to me. Mum watched me with a smile, her eyes filled with love and satisfaction. Seeing me finish the drumstick and 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　(吐出鸡骨头), Mum immediately passed me a cup of black tea. I 6.　　　　　　　　　　　(喝了一小口茶). At that moment, the stresses of the school day melted away completely, replaced by the simple joy of sharing a home-cooked meal with Mum.
Unit 6　Disaster and hope
● 语篇词汇串记
1.approaching　2.immediately　3.threaten　4.occurred
5.and　6.At　7.survivors　8.to rebuild　9.reliable
10.a
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①occurrence　②to wander
(2)①It immediately occurred to/struck/hit her that
②A good idea suddenly occurred to/struck/hit the twins
(1)①from　②rescuer(s)　(2)came to my rescue
(1)①v.声称　②v.认领　③v.索赔　④v.夺去(生命)
(2)claimed to have seen; It is claimed that
(1)from　(2)①shelter the local people from
②Under the shelter of my parents’ love
句型透视
The moment/second/instant/minute I got off the plane; Immediately/Instantly/Directly I got off the plane; On/Upon getting off the plane; hardly/no sooner; when/than; Hardly/No sooner had I got off the plane when/than
①It was several minutes before
②It wasn’t long before
● 当堂过关检测
Ⅰ.1.occurrence　2.from　3.announcement　4.eruption
5.immediately　6.reliable　7.is claimed　8.precisely
9.threatened　10.exceptionally
Ⅱ.1.Now that　2.make it to　3.reacted to　4.has yet to
5.All of a sudden　6.look through　7.in the face of
8.a heavy heart
Ⅲ.1.It suddenly occurred to/struck/hit me that
2.before she managed to calm down
3.The girl staring at me
4.The moment I stepped near water
5.promising to pay
● 语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.panicked　2.permitting　3.are permitted
4.picnicking　5.planned　6.planning
Ⅱ.1.承受能力　2.保险　3.反对,抵制　4.存在,出现
5.发生,出现
Ⅲ.1.①应付,处理　②拿,使用　③把手
2.①绞死　②(使)低垂,下垂　③悬挂
3.①朝(某方向)行进　②率领,领导
4.①碰到,遇到(困难、问题等)　②打,击(球)　③使突然想起
④侵袭　⑤很受欢迎的事物
5.①容纳　②持有(某种观点)
● 写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
1.We’re truly grateful for your concern about the flood that hit our village last week
2.drowning most farmland and damaging some houses
3.Hardly had it hit when the government launched
4.We helped the elderly take shelter from the flood
5.The moment the water went down, volunteers joined us in rebuilding　
6.it won’t be long before life returns to normal
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
18.动作描写——嘴部动作
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.My mouth started watering　2.covered her mouth
3.take a bite; cupped/covered her mouth　4.bit her lower lip
5.licked his lips　6.cleared her throat
Ⅱ.1.could not help licking my lips　2.made my mouth water
3.took a bite　4.chewed slowly　5.spit out the chicken bones
6.took a sip of the teaUnit 6　Disaster and hope
(限时:45分钟)
●Ⅰ 阅读理解 [2025·湖南高三4月质量检测]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:335
Google used its artificial intelligence-powered weather forecasting tools to precisely predict floods up to a week in advance of them happening. In a new paper published in the scientific journal Nature, Google’s researchers describe this as an early warning system that could be used throughout the world, not only to predict or recognize natural disasters but also to buffer the worst effects of what is one of the most common types of natural disasters.
Flooding can be difficult to accurately predict, particularly riverine floods, due to a lack of resources and data related to flood history, water levels, and terrain (地形). AI use in weather forecasting is nothing new. Still, the rise of more powerful processors and larger data sets is allowing of new scales of prediction, including a new NVIDIA digital Earth.
A small percentage of global rivers have streamflow gauges (测量仪) which can be used to warn people if the volume of water flowing through the river changes. When combined with other points such as the local terrain, settlements near the river, weather forecasting, and historical events on the same river, data can be used to predict flooding. Google researchers gathered as much global data as they could access and trained new AI models to analyse them. Afterwards, those models could then make predictions for those regions where data might be considerably limited or even nonexistent.
The team launched a Flood Hub platform, which provided access to forecasts in 20 countries where flood forecasting had been difficult in the past. The platform collected seemingly unrelated information which was available locally, fed it into the AI system as a reminder, and ordered the AI to fill in the gaps and then classify data. So far Flood Hub has been expanded to 80 countries in Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, covering over 460 million people globally, particularly those in communities suffering from flooding. “Where possible, we also provide forecasts in Google Search and Google Maps and via Android warnings,” the Google team declared.
(　)1.What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1
A.Dismiss.　　　　　B.Relieve.
C.Perceive. D.Track.
(　)2.Why is it hard to predict flooding
A.Relevant records are absent.
B.Gauges are far from precise.
C.AI is new to weather forecasting.
D.Former studies are of little worth.
(　)3.What can we know about flooding-forecasting AI models
A.They are accessible to global data.
B.They are very quick in data analysis.
C.They can ensure the reliability of data.
D.They can break geographical limitations.
(　)4.What does Paragraph 4 focus on about Flood Hub platform
A.Its designing principles.
B.Its operating difficulties.
C.Its dilemma and application.
D.Its mechanism and popularity.
●Ⅱ 阅读七选五 [2025·广东肇庆高三模拟]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:289
In recent years, scientists have noted a rapid increase in average temperatures throughout the country. According to a report from the NRDC, the average temperature of the United States could rise by as many as 11 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度) by the end of the 21st century. This warming trend poses severe threats to human health. “1.　　　　,” the report states. EHE days occur when the combination of temperature, wind speed and surface atmospheric pressure reaches hazardous levels. These conditions can lead to heat-related deaths.
2.　　　　. Now, the NRDC projects that rising EHE frequency due to climate change may lead to 150,000 deaths by 2100. The CDC notes that elderly individuals, infants and chronically (慢性地) ill people are considered the most vulnerable to heat-related deaths. The most common causes of death related to rising temperatures include the following conditions:
Heat exhaustion: It is characterized by vast sweating and a rapid heartbeat. 3.　　　　. Other signs of heat exhaustion include dizziness, low blood pressure and muscle cramps.
Cardiovascular (心血管的) disease: Extreme heat has been linked to a higher incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases and conditions, such as strokes. Cardiovascular disease is already the deadliest medical condition in the United States, and strokes are listed as the country’s third leading cause of death.
Kidney disease: Prolonged exposure to excessively hot temperatures can lead to major kidney problems. 4.　　　　. Besides, the body’s ability to regulate water intake may also be affected.
In addition to the human deaths, there is a significant financial impact to consider. “Killer Summer Heat” discusses a heatwave that struck California in the summer of 2006. Over the two-week period of extreme heat, 655 people lost their lives. 5.　　　　.
A.The heatwave ultimately resulted in costs nearing $5.3 billion
B.Finally, the heatwave was successfully overcome by joint efforts
C.These two symptoms essentially indicate the body is overheating
D.The public will take risks when they are exposed to high temperatures
E.Previous EHEs have each been responsible for thousands of deaths and injuries
F.It is a condition caused by damaged kidney tissue and has been linked to long-term diseases　
G.The risks to public health are greatest when high temperatures cause what’s known as an EHE　
●Ⅲ 语法填空
[2025·山东名校考试联盟高三模拟改编]
文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:223
Around 500 BC, the 1.　　　　　(state) of the Zhou Dynasty era spread to the Yangtze basin that suffered from disasters, periodic large-scale flooding, 2.　　　　　 each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast. The thick forests then were 3.　　　　 ready supply of wood.
4.　　　　　(deal) with frequent natural disasters and the destruction due to wars and fighting, the builders in the Zhou region adopted the Dougong Bracket System. This system made rebuilding and 5.　　　　　　(maintain) the buildings much more efficient. The Chinese made their wooden buildings slightly flexible to withstand natural disasters and for easier repair and reconfiguration as the need 6.　　　　(arise). The wooden parts such as columns and beams (横梁) were 7.　　　　(easy) replaced or reused to make other structures as needed since they were not joined together with fasteners.
The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of 8.　　　　　 the Forbidden City is a good example. After it was built about 600 years ago, Beijing has experienced about 200 earthquakes. The slightly 9.　　　　(weather) buildings survived with little damage due to the flexible brackets and loose pillars.
The basic elements of ancient architectural design remained unchanged 10.　　　　　　　 thousands of years in China. The essence and wisdom of Chinese architecture will continue to serve as an inspiration for the world civilization.
●Ⅳ 读后续写
[2025·福建厦门高三第二次质检]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
This morning, I asked Mum to take me to the pool. But she reminded me I’d watch kids for her as she got a job interview at the radio station. Still, I asked, “Couldn’t Julie watch them instead ”
“She can help, Jess, but she’s only ten. I’ll feel better with a fifteen-year-old in charge, honey.” Mum gave me a hug and off she went.
So there I was, stuck watching my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie. I usually don’t mind watching the kids, but the problem was our little rented trailer house (拖车房屋). It’s like living in a barbecue cooker in hot days. Well, as it is said, “What is, is.” and I decided to make the best of it.
We moved out into the front yard and I filled a paddling pool for the kids. I noticed that the sky looked a little strange—greenish-yellow, with grey clouds rising for miles—but I didn’t think anything of it. As kids jumped in the pool, I settled down to read my magazine. I put on headphones and turned the volume up loud enough to block out their noise. Before long I got lost in a cool story.
I was almost at the end when Julie came over to me, dropping water on my article. I took my headphones off, “Hey, what’s wrong with you ” She pointed upwards. That’s when I saw the sky and about fell off my chair. Not only had the clouds moved towards us, but they were swirling (打旋). I hadn’t realized how much the wind had picked up. A huge, grey-black funnel (漏斗) snaked down from the sky to the ground—a real, live tornado! And it headed our way at high speed!
Though I had learned about tornado safety,
at that moment, the only thing I could remember was that a tornado develops fast and that trailer houses are the worst place to take shelter. I tried hard to remember other safety tips. Get low. Yeah. If you’re caught outside, find the lowest spot. As I was scanning around, my eye stopped on a line of bushes.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
There was a ditch (沟渠) there for shelter, a hundred yards off.




Paragraph 2:
But in a couple of minutes, the tornado was over.





A.词汇积累
1.riverine adj.河的;河边的
2.considerably adv.非常,相当多地
3.atmospheric adj.大气的;大气层的
4.hazardous adj.危险的;有害的
5.dizziness n.头晕;头昏眼花
6.stroke n.中风;(打、击等的)一下;击球(动作);一笔;轻抚
7.flexible adj.灵活的;柔韧的;有弹性的
B.熟词生义
stand v.经受,承受<生义>;站立;位于(某处);起立
The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of which the Forbidden City is a good example. (语法填空,Para.3)
【译文】 这些木结构建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验,故宫就是一个很好的例子。
C.长难句分析
In a new paper published in the scientific journal
Nature, Google’s researchers describe this as an early warning system that could be used throughout the world, not only to predict or recognize natural disasters but also to buffer the worst effects of what is one of the most common types of natural disasters. (阅读理解, Para.1)
【分析】 published in the scientific journal Nature是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词paper,与paper构成被动关系;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词system,定语从句中嵌套not only…but also…连接的并列不定式短语,作目的状语;what引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语。
【译文】 在发表于《自然》科学期刊的一篇新论文中,谷歌研究人员将其描述为一种可在全球范围内使用的早期预警系统,该系统不仅能预测或识别自然灾害,还能减少自然灾害中最常见类型之一所造成的最坏影响。
Unit 6　Disaster and hope
●Ⅰ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌使用人工智能预测洪水。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In a new paper published in the scientific journal Nature, Google’s researchers describe this as an early warning system that could be used throughout the world, not only to predict or recognize natural disasters but also to…”以及后文“…the worst effects of what is one of the most common types of natural disasters.”可知,谷歌的这个人工智能天气预报工具是一个早期预警系统,它可以用于世界各地,不仅能预测或识别自然灾害,也能缓解自然灾害中最常见类型之一的最严重后果。relieve与buffer意思相近,意为“缓解”。故选B。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段“Flooding can be difficult to accurately predict, particularly riverine floods, due to a lack of resources and data related to flood history, water levels, and terrain (地形).”可知,洪水难以预测,特别是河流洪水,是因为缺乏与洪水历史、水位和地形相关的资源和数据,即相关记录是不足的。故选A。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段“Google researchers gathered as much global data as they could access and trained new AI models to analyse them. Afterwards, those models could then make predictions for those regions where data might be considerably limited or even nonexistent.”(谷歌的研究人员收集了他们可以访问的尽可能多的全球数据,并训练了新的人工智能模型来分析这些数据。然后,那些模型可以对那些数据可能相当有限甚至不存在的地区进行预测。)可知,AI模型可以打破地理的界限。故选D。
4.D　段落大意题。根据第四段“The team launched a Flood Hub platform, which provided access to forecasts in 20 countries where flood forecasting had been difficult in the past. The platform collected seemingly unrelated information which was available locally, fed it into the AI system as a reminder, and ordered the AI to fill in the gaps and then classify data. So far Flood Hub has been expanded to 80 countries in Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, covering over 460 million people globally, particularly those in communities suffering from flooding. ‘Where possible, we also provide forecasts in Google Search and Google Maps and via Android warnings,’ the Google team declared.”(该团队启动了一个洪水中心平台,该平台提供了过去难以预测洪水的20个国家的预报。该平台收集本地可用的看似不相关的信息,将其作为提醒输入人工智能系统,并命令人工智能填补空白,然后对数据进行分类。到目前为止,洪水中心已经扩展到非洲、亚太、欧洲和美洲的80个国家,覆盖了全球4.6亿多人,特别是那些在遭受洪水袭击的社区的人。“在可能的情况下,我们还通过谷歌搜索和谷歌地图以及安卓警告提供天气预报,”谷歌团队宣布。)可知,该段关于洪水中心平台的关注点在于它的机制原理和受欢迎程度。故选D。
●Ⅱ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章指出美国平均气温上升,高温引发的EHE(极端高温事件)对公众健康危害大,还会导致多种疾病甚至死亡,此外高温还会造成重大经济损失。
1.G　下文“EHE days occur when the combination of temperature, wind speed and surface atmospheric pressure reaches hazardous levels.”对EHE的成因进行了说明。G选项(当高温引发所谓的EHE时,对公众健康的风险最大)引出了EHE这一概念,与下文对EHE的介绍相呼应。故选G。
2.E　下文“Now, the NRDC projects that rising EHE frequency due to climate change may lead to 150,000 deaths by 2100.”提到了未来EHE可能导致的死亡人数。E选项(以往的EHE每次都造成了数千人伤亡)说明过去EHE也造成了大量伤亡,与下文提到的未来EHE可能导致的死亡情况形成呼应。故选E。
3.C　上文“Heat exhaustion: It is characterized by vast sweating and a rapid heartbeat.”描述了中暑的两个症状。C选项(这两个症状本质上表明身体过热)对上文提到的两个症状进行总结,说明这两个症状意味着身体过热,与上文衔接紧密。故选C。
4.F　上文“…Prolonged exposure to excessively hot temperatures can lead to major kidney problems.”指出高温会导致肾脏问题。F选项(这是一种由受损的肾组织引起的状况,且与长期疾病有关)进一步解释了肾脏问题的成因以及与长期疾病的关联,与上文话题一致。故选F。
5.A　上文“Over the two-week period of extreme heat, 655 people lost their lives.”描述了2006年加利福尼亚州热浪造成的人员伤亡情况。A选项(这场热浪最终造成了近53亿美元的损失)说明了热浪造成的经济损失,与上文提到的人员伤亡情况共同说明了热浪的影响,且与上文的financial impact呼应。故选A。
●Ⅲ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述中国古代建筑的设计和特点,展示了其在应对自然灾害和战争中的优势,并强调了其耐久性和对世界文明的贡献。
1.states　考查名词复数。根据句意可知,这里指多个诸侯国,state是可数名词,应用复数形式states作主语。故填states。
2.and　考查连词。“…the states of the Zhou Dynasty era spread to the Yangtze basin that suffered from disasters…”和“…each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast.”之间是并列关系,应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
3.a　考查冠词。supply为可数名词单数形式,空处应填冠词,表泛指,ready的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a,a ready supply of…表示“一种现成的……供应”。故填a。
4.To deal　考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词形式,作目的状语,应用动词不定式形式,位于句首,首字母大写。故填To deal。
5.maintaining　考查非谓语动词。空处和rebuilding并列,作动词made的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填maintaining。
6.arose　考查动词时态。空处作as引导的从句的谓语动词,句子陈述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,arise的过去式为arose。故填arose。
7.easily　考查副词。空处修饰动词replaced or reused,应用副词形式easily作状语。故填easily。
8.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the durability of the wooden buildings,指物,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,应用which引导从句。故填which。
9.weathered　考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词形式作定语,修饰名词buildings,动词weather“风化,受风蚀”和buildings之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式weathered作定语,表示“风化的”。故填weathered。
10.for　考查介词。“for+时间段”表示“持续……时间”,故空处应填介词for。故填for。
●Ⅳ 【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者在一个可能遭遇龙卷风的日子里,负责照看年幼的弟弟妹妹,当意识到龙卷风即将来临时,作者迅速采取行动,带领弟弟妹妹们跑到附近的沟渠躲避,最终大家安然无恙的故事。
【详解】
1. 段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“那里有一条沟渠可以躲避,距离我们一百码远。”以及第二段首句内容“但几分钟后,龙卷风过去了。”可知,第一段可描写作者带着弟弟妹妹们跑到了沟渠那里,紧紧挤在了一起。
②由第二段首句内容“但几分钟后,龙卷风过去了。”可知,第二段可描写龙卷风过去了,看着周围的废墟,作者感到自己和弟弟妹妹们非常幸运。
2. 续写线索:作者发现一百码开外的一条沟渠可以让他们躲避龙卷风—作者召集弟弟妹妹们跑到沟渠那儿—他们挣扎着到达了沟渠—作者用身体护住了弟弟妹妹,心中祈祷着龙卷风赶紧过去—几分钟后,龙卷风过去了—环顾四周,看到了一片废墟—作者觉得自己和弟弟妹妹们非常幸运,同时也为自己感到自豪。
One possible version:
There was a ditch (沟渠) there for shelter, a hundred yards off. I quickly gathered the kids, yelling, “Run to the ditch! As fast as you can!” (现在分词短语作状语) The wind howled, and debris flew everywhere. Julie held Dougie’s hand tightly, and I grabbed Lyssa. We ran with all our might. The force of the wind pushed against us, making each step a struggle (现在分词短语作状语). When we reached the ditch (时间状语从句), we crowded together. I covered the kids with my body, praying the tornado would pass (现在分词短语作状语). The noise was deafening, like a thousand trains roaring. I could feel the ground shaking beneath us.
But in a couple of minutes, the tornado was over. The howling wind gradually died down, and the debris stopped flying. I slowly lifted my head and looked around. The world seemed a bit strange and unreal. Trees were uprooted, and parts of the trailer were scattered. We climbed out of the ditch. The kids were shaken but unhurt. I felt a huge sense of relief wash over me. As we made our way back to the damaged trailer (时间状语从句), I knew we were lucky to be alive (宾语从句). And I was proud of us for handling the terrifying situation so bravely.(共115张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
When the satellite forecast announced an 1.　　　　　　　(approach) typhoon, the fishing village in the county sprang into action. Fishermen
2.　　　　　　　(immediate) grabbed nets and tools, while families secured their property with sandbags. Children were told to prepare sufficient food and water. “This might 3.　　　　　　　(threat) our entire village,” warned Tao, the village chief, looking at the dark clouds gathering overhead.
approaching
immediately
threaten
By midnight, the worst 4.　　　　　　(occur). The storm erupted with terrifying force beyond all predictions. The winds shattered every window, 5.　　　　 the flood nearly swallowed the main road. “To the emergency shelter in the school,” Tao shouted, guiding villagers through the mess.
occurred
and
6.　　　　 dawn, when the rescue teams arrived by helicopter, they lowered ropes precisely where 7.　　　　　　(survive) waved shirts. The disaster claimed two fishing boats and damaged property worth billions yuan, but miraculously no lives were lost.
survivors
At
In the following days, the villagers worked tirelessly 8.　　　　　　　　　(rebuild). Fishermen repaired boats, while women removed mud from homes. Children collected unbroken tubes to create a new irrigation system. Though the disaster had claimed much, the 9.　　　　 (rely) lighthouse still stood, its beam now guiding rebuilding efforts at night. One evening, 10.　　　　 child gasped, pointing upward, “The Big Dipper!” Stars pierced the clouds, bright as the hope in their hearts. “We have yet to rebuild everything,” Tao said, “but we’re alive, and that’s enough to start again.”
to rebuild
reliable
a
1 occur　v.(occurred; occurred; occurring)发生;出现;(想法、念头等)被想到
(1)sth occurs to sb　某人想到某事
(2)It occurs to sb that…/to do… 某人突然想到(做)……
(3)occurrence n. 发生;存在;出现
[温馨提示] 表示“某人想到……”的句式:
It strikes/hits sb that…
sth strikes/hits sb
sth comes/springs to mind
sb hits on/upon sth
　　　
　　　
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①[2022·北京卷] Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the 　　　　　　(occur) of common diseases.
②It seldom occurred to them 　　　　　　　(wander) a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them.
occurrence
　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　
　　
to wander
(2)完成句子
①[译林必修三U2] (她立刻想到) these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (读后续写话题之灾难遇险)
②[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写]
　 (这对双胞胎突然想到一个好主意) that they could make breakfast for their mother to celebrate Mother’s Day. (读后续写之心理描写）
It immediately occurred to/struck/hit her that
A good idea suddenly occurred to/struck/hit the twins
　　　
　　　
2 rescue　v. & n. 营救,解救
(1)rescue…from…　 　从……中营救……
(2)come to one's rescue 来营救某人
(3)rescuer n. 救援者
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors the sinking boat.
②The 　　　 　 (rescue) together with Jessika started pulling me up inch by inch desperately.
from
rescuer(s)
【活学活用】
(2)完成句子
A familiar figure leaped out of the truck and, without hesitation,
(来救我). (读后续写之动作描写)
came to my rescue
3 claim　v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命);声称;断言;索赔;认领 n.要求;主张,声称
(1)claim to do sth　　　　声称做某事
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
claim that… 声称……
(2)It is claimed that… 据说……
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①[沪教选必二U2] Although people can access a lot of information online, some claim that the information is often misleading or inaccurate. ________________
②So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.
_________________　　　　　
　　　　
v.声称
v.认领
③If the shop won't give me a replacement TV, I'll claim my money back. 　　　　　
④[北师选必三U9] The 1997 bird flu which claimed over 100 lives was an adaptation of the Great Flu of 1918. 　　　　　
　
v.夺去(生命)
v.索赔
(2)句式改写
He claimed that he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
→He 　　　　　　　　　　　a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
→　　　　　　　　　he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. (it作形式主语) 　
　
　
claimed to have seen
It is claimed that
4 shelter　n.庇护,掩蔽;收容所 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避
(1)take shelter from… 躲避……
under the shelter of… 在……的庇护下
(2)shelter from the rain/wind/sunlight
避雨/风/阳光
shelter sb from sth 保护……以避免……(的伤害)
　
　
　
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
[2024·浙江1月考] When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter _______ the rain. Ages ago, right
　
from
(2)完成句子
①Firefighters risked their own lives to _______________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(保护当地居民免受……的伤害) the burning fire. (应用文写作话题之灾难救援)
②__________________________________________________(在我父母的爱的庇护下), I was able to pursue my dreams without fear of failure. (应用文写作话题之家庭生活) 　　
　
　
shelter the local people from
Under the shelter of my parents’ love
1 (教材P91) He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
一出现暴风雨,“他”就消失了。
句型公式　
the moment一……就……
【句式点拨】
句中the moment相当于连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”。表示“一……就……”的结构有:
　
　
　
(1)as soon as+时间状语从句;
(2)immediately/instantly/directly+时间状语从句;
(3)the second/instant/minute+时间状语从句;
(4)on/upon+n./doing;
(5)hardly+主句(过去完成时)+when+从句(一般过去时)(hardly放于句首时,用部分倒装结构);
(6)no sooner+主句(过去完成时)+than+从句(一般过去时)(no sooner放于句首时,用部分倒装结构)。
　
　
　
【活学活用】
一句多译
[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写] 我一下飞机,就拼命地跑过机场大楼,毫不犹豫地跳上了出租车站的第一辆出租车。(读后续写之动作描写)
→__________________________________________________________, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (the+名词)
→___________________________________________________, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (副词)
　
　
The moment/second/instant/minute I got off the plane
Immediately/Instantly/Directly I got off the plane
→_____________________________________, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (介词短语)
→I had _____________________ got off the plane _______________ I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
→____________________________________________________________ I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. (部分倒装)
　
　
　
On/Upon getting off the plane
hardly/no sooner
when/than
Hardly/No sooner had I got off the plane when/than
hardly/no sooner
2 (教材P92) Although it was only a few days before we were rescued, it felt like months.
虽然几天后我们就获救了,但却觉得像是过了好几个月。
句型公式　
It+be+时间段+before引导的从句.
【句式点拨】
在肯定句中before意为“在……之后才”:
It will be long/years/…before…要过很久/几年/……才……
It was long/years/…before…过了很久/几年/……才……
在否定句中before意为“不多久就……”:
It won't be long/years/…before…用不了多久/几年/……就……
It wasn't long/years/…before…没过多久/几年/……就……
　
　
【活学活用】
完成句子
①_________________________________(过了好几分钟才) I took in what he was saying.
②_________________________(没过多久就) the artist’s unique perspective gained recognition, her work connecting with a global audience.
　
　
　
It was several minutes before
It wasn’t long before
Ⅰ单句填空
occurrence
from
announcement
1.It’s still impossible to accurately predict the 　　 　　 (occur) of earthquakes.
2.A group of us were sheltering 　　　　the rain in a doorway.
3.With the hurricane strengthening overnight, the local government updated its 　　　　 　　(announce) to warn people against going out unnecessarily.
4.The sudden volcanic 　　　　　　(erupt) sparked a widespread crisis, leaving thousands of residents trapped and in urgent need of food and shelter.
5.When the hurricane struck the coastal town, rescuers ____________ (immediate) came to the aid of those affected by the disaster.
6.The team was able to complete the project on time because they had access to 　　　　　(rely) sources of information and sufficient resources to carry out their tasks efficiently.
eruption
immediately
reliable
7.It 　　　　　　(claim) that donations to the charity have amounted to one billion yuan since 2001.
8.By programming a computer to account for tides, gravity, and other factors, Gladys and her team created a program to ____________　(precise) calculate the orbit of satellites.
is claimed
precisely
9.Volunteers helped elderly residents move to safe areas quickly, knowing that every minute counted as the tsunami _____________ (threat) the small town.
10.The diplomat, though _______________ (exceptional) annoyed by the reporter’s pointed question, responded with measured and professional calm.　
threatened
exceptionally
Ⅱ 短语检测
1.　　　　　　　(既然) the new satellite has been successfully launched, scientists can monitor climate changes across remote regions with unmatched accuracy.
2.When you 　　　　　　　(到达) the last stretch on the field, just throw your head back and run.
3.When the designer heard customers criticise the new product’s flaws, he 　　　　　　　(对……做出反应) their feedback calmly by noting key improvements.
Now that
make it to
reacted to
4.The real estate company 　　　　　　　(还没有) find a property with sufficient outdoor space to meet the client’s specific requirements.
5.　　　　　　　　　　(突然), a faint light flashed from the collapsed house, giving the rescuers a clear sign of survivors.
6.I tend to 　　　　　　　　(浏览) these notes when I need inspiration or just to refresh my memory.
has yet to
All of a sudden
look through
7.The young entrepreneur, who believes in “never say never”
_______________ (面对) constant failures, has finally turned his small business into a success.
8.With 　　　　　　　　　　(心情沉重), Sarah couldn’t fall asleep, torn between her commitment to honesty and her desire to protect their friendship.
in the face of
a heavy heart
Ⅲ 句型与写作
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I could turn on the flashlight of the cellphone as a signal.
我突然想到,我可以打开手机的手电筒作为信号。(读后续写之心理描写)
2.It was some time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 , with tears still streaming down her face. (状语从句)
过了好一阵子,她才设法平静下来,脸上依然挂着泪水。(读后续写之心理+表情描写)
It suddenly occurred to/struck/hit me that
before she managed to calm down
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　 with her lips slightly parted, I didn’t know what to say in the sudden silence of the classroom. (独立主格结构)
女孩盯着我,嘴唇微微张开,在教室突如其来的寂静中,我不知该说些什么。(读后续写之动作+心理描写)
The girl staring at me
4.I was always afraid of water. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, my legs would turn to jelly. (the moment)
我总是害怕水。我一走近水边, 我的腿就发软。 (读后续写之动作+心理描写)
5.I gave him my telephone number, 　　　　　　　　　　when I returned to Vienna. (分词作状语)
我给了他我的电话号码,答应回到维也纳就付钱。(读后续写之动作+语言描写)
The moment I stepped near water
promising to pay
Ⅰ 动词变形练
1.I 　　　　　　(panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
2.We’ll have a picnic at the beach, weather 　　　　　　(permit).
3.Visitors 　　　　　　　(permit) to take photos as long as they don’t use flash.
panicked
permitting
are permitted
4.It’s such a fine day and let’s go 　　　　　(picnic), shall we
5.To their disappointment, the advertisement designed to promote their new product didn’t work out well as 　　　　　　(plan).
6.Action without 　　　　　　(plan) is like sailing without a compass. You may move, but you are likely to end up lost.
picnicking
planned
planning
指出下列黑体词的含义
1.[2025·北京卷] Usually, better outcomes are achieved through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. __________
2.[2024·浙江1月考] As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. 　　　　　
Ⅱ 构词法规则
承受能力
保险
构词法 名词后缀-ance; 名词后缀-ence
3.Bus Rapid Transit, or busways, with dedicated lanes and special stops, have faced resistance from some residents and business owners, who worry about losing car lanes or parking. 　　　　　
4.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. 　　　　　
5.[2022·北京卷] Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occurrence of common diseases. ____________
反对,抵制
存在,出现
发生,出现
Ⅲ 熟词生义练
指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义
1.handle
①[2021·全国乙卷] If there is anything I feel I cannot handle, I’ll call you. 　　　　　
②[2022·全国甲卷] The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. 　　　　　
③[典范英语8] “You can’t lock me out of the girls’ room!” yelled Pearl and she rattled the door handle. 　　　　　
应付,处理
拿,使用
把手
2.hang
①With so little evidence to prove her guilt, few people thought she should be hanged. 　　　　　
②[典范英语8] Scrapman hung his head. He wasn’t very good at reading. 　　　　　
③[典范英语8] “But it’s supposed to hang the picture…” said Doohickey, trying to remember the professor’s list. 　　　　　
绞死
(使)低垂,下垂
悬挂
3.head
①[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. 　　　 　　
②John was chosen to head the team to investigate the case.
　　　　 　
率领,领导
朝(某方向)行进
4.hit
①[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. 　　　 　 　
②[2021·浙江6月考] Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball, or throwing a football, preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. 　　　　　
③[2021·北京卷] When I saw the various supplies we had collected, it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child. 　　　　　
碰到,遇到(困难、问题等)
打,击(球)
使突然想起
④[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷] A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.
　　　　　
⑤The film became a big hit with young people as soon as it was introduced home. 　　　 　
侵袭
很受欢迎的事物
5.hold
①[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Pack a bag, cut a cake, guess which juice container holds the most liquid, and much more. 　　　　　
②[2024·北京卷] While he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions. 　　　 　　
容纳
持有(某种观点)
Part Ⅰ　应用文写作
　　假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Jack得知你所住的村庄上周遭遇了洪灾,来信关心灾情和灾后重建。请你给他写一封邮件回复,内容包括:
1.感谢关心;
2.介绍灾情、救灾和灾后重建情况。
Dear Jack，
1.__________________________________________________________________ ___________________ (我们由衷感谢你对我们村上周遭遇洪灾的切).Your care warms our hearts.
We’re truly grateful for your concern about the flood that hit our
village last week
The flood struck without warning, 2._______________________________ __________________________(淹没了大部分农田,也损毁了一些房屋). Fortunately, no one was injured. 3.____________________________________　　　　　　　　　_______________________________ (灾情一发生,政府就启动了;倒装) emergency rescue operations. 4.______________________________________　　　　　　　　　　___________________(我们帮助老人躲避洪灾) in the village hall. 5._____________________________________________________________________
(洪水刚退,志愿者们便立即加入我们,共同开展重建工作).
drowning most farmland and
We helped the elderly take shelter
Hardly had it hit when
damaging some houses
the government launched
from the flood
The moment the water went down, volunteers joined us in rebuilding
Everything is going smoothly. We believe 6.______________________
_____________________________ (生活很快就能恢复正常). Thanks again!
it won’t be long
before life returns to normal
Part Ⅱ　读后续写
18. 动作描写——嘴部动作
【语言素材】
咬住嘴唇 bite one’s lip 舔嘴唇 lick one’s lips
使某人直流口水 make one's mouth water 捂住某人的嘴 cup/cover one's mouth
吐出 spit out 咧开嘴 widen one's mouth
咬一口…… take a bite of 吮吸大拇指 suck one's thumb
咀嚼食物 chew the food 喝/抿一小口…… have/take a sip of
清嗓子 clear one's throat 困倦地打哈欠 yawn sleepily
张大嘴 one's mouth drops open 目瞪口呆的 open-mouthed
续表
My mouth started watering
covered her mouth
1._______________________________ when I smelled the aroma of food.
闻到食物的香味,我开始流口水了。
2.She ________________________ to hide her yawn, as she didn’t want to seem uninterested in the conversation.
她捂住嘴巴以掩饰自己的哈欠,因为她不想显得对谈话不感兴趣。
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ单句表达
3.She was about to pick up the sandwich and __________________ when suddenly a hand ________________________________.
她刚要拿起三明治咬一口,突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。
4.She _____________________________ to keep it from trembling as tears ran down her cheeks.
泪水顺着脸颊流下时,她咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇发抖。
cupped/covered her mouth
take a bite
bit her lower lip
5.The child _________________ eagerly when he saw the ice cream truck approaching the playground.
当这个孩子看到冰淇淋车朝操场开来时,他急切地舔了舔嘴唇。
6.As the meeting room fell silent, she ______________________ to draw attention before making her statement.
当会议室安静下来后,她清了清嗓子以引起注意,然后发表了声明。
cleared her throat
licked his lips
Ⅱ 语段表达
After a long day at school, I walked home with my heavy schoolbag, tired and hungry. The moment I pushed open the front door, a tempting smell of freshly cooked food drifted over from the kitchen. I 1._____________________________________ (情不自禁地舔了舔嘴唇) and swallowing hard. Kicking off my shoes and dropping my bag, I hurried to the dining room. There, on the table, was a plate of fried chicken that 2.__________________________(令我垂涎欲滴). I grabbed a chicken drumstick and 3._________________(咬了一口). The meat was
could not help licking my lips
took a bite
made my mouth water
tender and juicy. I closed my eyes and 4.____________________(慢慢地咀嚼), enjoying the pleasure that delicacies brought to me. Mum watched me with a smile, her eyes filled with love and satisfaction. Seeing me finish the drumstick and 5.______________________________　　　　 (吐出鸡骨头), Mum immediately passed me a cup of black tea. I 6.________________________ (喝了一小口茶). At that moment, the stresses of the school day melted away completely, replaced by the simple joy of sharing a home-cooked meal with Mum.
spit out the chicken bones
chewed slowly
took a sip of the tea
作 业 手 册
(限时:45分钟)
Ⅰ阅读理解 [2025·湖南高三4月质量检测]
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:335
Google used its artificial intelligence-powered weather forecasting tools to precisely predict floods up to a week in advance of them happening. In a new paper published in the scientific journal Nature, Google's researchers describe this as an early warning system that could be used throughout the world, not only to predict or recognize natural disasters but also to buffer the worst effects of
1
2
3
4
what is one of the most common types of natural disasters.
Flooding can be difficult to accurately predict, particularly riverine floods, due to a lack of resources and data related to flood history, water levels, and terrain (地形). AI use in weather forecasting is nothing new. Still, the rise of more powerful processors and larger data sets is allowing of new scales of prediction, including a new NVIDIA digital Earth.
1
2
3
4
A small percentage of global rivers have streamflow gauges (测量仪) which can be used to warn people if the volume of water flowing through the river changes. When combined with other points such as the local terrain, settlements near the river, weather forecasting, and historical events on the same river, data can be used to predict flooding. Google researchers gathered as much global data as they could access and trained new AI models to analyse them. Afterwards, those models could then make predictions for those regions where data might be considerably limited or even nonexistent.
1
2
3
4
The team launched a Flood Hub platform, which provided access to forecasts in 20 countries where flood forecasting had been difficult in the past. The platform collected seemingly unrelated information which was available locally, fed it into the AI system as a reminder, and ordered the AI to fill in the gaps and then classify data. So far Flood Hub has been expanded to 80 countries in Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, covering over 460 million people globally,
1
2
3
4
particularly those in communities suffering from flooding. “Where possible, we also provide forecasts in Google Search and Google Maps and via Android warnings,” the Google team declared.
1
2
3
4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌使用人工智能预测洪水。
1
2
3
4
(　)1.What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1
A.Dismiss.　　　　　B.Relieve.
C.Perceive. D.Track.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析]词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In a new paper published in the scientific journal Nature, Google's researchers describe this as an early warning system that could be used throughout the world, not only to predict or recognize natural disasters but also to…”以及后文“…the worst effects of what is one of the most common types of natural disasters.”可知,谷歌的这个人工智能天气预报工具是一个早期预警系统,它可以用于世界各地,不仅能预测或识别自然灾害,也能缓解自然灾害中最常见类型之一的最严重后果。relieve与buffer意思相近,意为“缓解”。故选B。
1
2
3
4
(　)2.Why is it hard to predict flooding
A.Relevant records are absent.
B.Gauges are far from precise.
C.AI is new to weather forecasting.
D.Former studies are of little worth.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段“Flooding can be difficult to accurately predict, particularly riverine floods, due to a lack of resources and data related to flood history, water levels, and terrain (地形).”可知,洪水难以预测,特别是河流洪水,是因为缺乏与洪水历史、水位和地形相关的资源和数据,即相关记录是不足的。故选A。
1
2
3
4
(　)3.What can we know about flooding-forecasting AI models
A.They are accessible to global data.
B.They are very quick in data analysis.
C.They can ensure the reliability of data.
D.They can break geographical limitations.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段“Google researchers gathered as much global data as they could access and trained new AI models to analyse them. Afterwards, those models could then make predictions for those regions where data might be considerably limited or even nonexistent.”(谷歌的研究人员收集了他们可以访问的尽可能多的全球数据,并训练了新的人工智能模型来分析这些数据。然后,那些模型可以对那些数据可能相当有限甚至不存在的地区进行预测。)可知,AI模型可以打破地理的界限。故选D。
1
2
3
4
(　)4.What does Paragraph 4 focus on about Flood Hub platform
A.Its designing principles.
B.Its operating difficulties.
C.Its dilemma and application.
D.Its mechanism and popularity.
√
1
2
3
4
[解析]段落大意题。根据第四段“The team launched a Flood Hub platform, which provided access to forecasts in 20 countries where flood forecasting had been difficult in the past. The platform collected seemingly unrelated information which was available locally, fed it into the AI system as a reminder, and ordered the AI to fill in the gaps and then classify data. So far Flood Hub has been expanded to 80 countries in Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, covering over 460 million people globally, particularly those in communities suffering from flooding. ‘Where possible, we also
1
2
3
4
provide forecasts in Google Search and Google Maps and via Android warnings,’ the Google team declared.”(该团队启动了一个洪水中心平台,该平台提供了过去难以预测洪水的20个国家的预报。该平台收集本地可用的看似不相关的信息,将其作为提醒输入人工智能系统,并命令人工智能填补空白,然后对数据进行分类。到目前为止,洪水中心已经扩展到非洲、亚太、欧洲和美洲的80个国家,覆盖了全球4.6亿多人,特别是那些在遭受洪水袭击的社区的人。“在可能的情况下,我们还通过谷歌搜索和谷歌地图以及安卓警告提供天气预报,”谷歌团队宣布。)可知,该段关于洪水中心平台的关注点在于它的机制原理和受欢迎程度。故选D。
1
2
3
4
Ⅱ 阅读七选五
文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:289
In recent years, scientists have noted a rapid increase in average temperatures throughout the country. According to a report from the NRDC, the average temperature of the United States could rise by as many as 11 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度) by the end of the 21st century. This warming trend poses severe threats to human health. “1.________,” the report states. EHE days occur when the combination of temperature, wind speed and surface atmospheric pressure
G
1
2
3
4
5
[2025·广东肇庆高三模拟]
reaches hazardous levels. These conditions can lead to heat-related deaths.
2.　　　　. Now, the NRDC projects that rising EHE frequency due to climate change may lead to 150,000 deaths by 2100. The CDC notes that elderly individuals, infants and chronically (慢性地) ill people are considered the most vulnerable to heat-related deaths. The most common causes of death related to rising temperatures include the following conditions:
E
1
2
3
4
5
Heat exhaustion: It is characterized by vast sweating and a rapid heartbeat. 3.__________. Other signs of heat exhaustion include dizziness, low blood pressure and muscle cramps.
Cardiovascular (心血管的) disease: Extreme heat has been linked to a higher incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases and conditions, such as strokes. Cardiovascular disease is already the deadliest medical condition in the United States, and strokes are listed as the country's third leading cause of death.
C
1
2
3
4
5
Kidney disease: Prolonged exposure to excessively hot temperatures can lead to major kidney problems. 4.　　　　. Besides, the body's ability to regulate water intake may also be affected.
In addition to the human deaths, there is a significant financial impact to consider. “Killer Summer Heat” discusses a heatwave that struck California in the summer of 2006. Over the two-week period of extreme heat, 655 people lost their lives. 5.　　　　.
F
A
1
2
3
4
5
A. The heatwave ultimately resulted in costs nearing $5.3 billion
B. Finally, the heatwave was successfully overcome by joint efforts
C. These two symptoms essentially indicate the body is overheating
D. The public will take risks when they are exposed to high temperatures
E. Previous EHEs have each been responsible for thousands of deaths and injuries
F. It is a condition caused by damaged kidney tissue and has been linked to long-term diseases　
G. The risks to public health are greatest when high temperatures cause what's known as an EHE
1
2
3
4
5
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出美国平均气温上升,高温引发的EHE(极端高温事件)对公众健康危害大,还会导致多种疾病甚至死亡,此外高温还会造成重大经济损失。
1
2
3
4
5
1.___
G
[解析]下文“EHE days occur when the combination of temperature, wind speed and surface atmospheric pressure reaches hazardous levels.”对EHE的成因进行了说明。G选项(当高温引发所谓的EHE时,对公众健康的风险最大)引出了EHE这一概念,与下文对EHE的介绍相呼应。故选G。
1
2
3
4
5
2.___
E
[解析]下文“Now, the NRDC projects that rising EHE frequency due to climate change may lead to 150,000 deaths by 2100.”提到了未来EHE可能导致的死亡人数。E选项(以往的EHE每次都造成了数千人伤亡)说明过去EHE也造成了大量伤亡,与下文提到的未来EHE可能导致的死亡情况形成呼应。故选E。
1
2
3
4
5
3.___
C
[解析]上文“Heat exhaustion: It is characterized by vast sweating and a rapid heartbeat.”描述了中暑的两个症状。C选项(这两个症状本质上表明身体过热)对上文提到的两个症状进行总结,说明这两个症状意味着身体过热,与上文衔接紧密。故选C。
1
2
3
4
5
4.___
F
[解析]上文“…Prolonged exposure to excessively hot temperatures can lead to major kidney problems.”指出高温会导致肾脏问题。F选项(这是一种由受损的肾组织引起的状况,且与长期疾病有关)进一步解释了肾脏问题的成因以及与长期疾病的关联,与上文话题一致。故选F。
1
2
3
4
5
5.___
A
[解析]上文“Over the two-week period of extreme heat, 655 people lost their lives.”描述了2006年加利福尼亚州热浪造成的人员伤亡情况。A选项(这场热浪最终造成了近53亿美元的损失)说明了热浪造成的经济损失,与上文提到的人员伤亡情况共同说明了热浪的影响,且与上文的financial impact呼应。故选A。
1
2
3
4
5
Ⅲ 语法填空 [2025·山东名校考试联盟高三模拟改编]
文体:说明文　主题:人与社会　词数:223
Around 500 BC, the 1.　　　　　(state) of the Zhou Dynasty era spread to the Yangtze basin that suffered from disasters, periodic large-scale flooding, 2.　　　　　 each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast. The thick forests then were 3.　　　　 ready supply of wood.
states
and
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
a
4.___________ (deal) with frequent natural disasters and the destruction due to wars and fighting, the builders in the Zhou region adopted the Dougong Bracket System. This system made rebuilding and 5._____________ (maintain) the buildings much more efficient. The Chinese made their wooden buildings slightly flexible to withstand natural disasters and for easier repair and reconfiguration as the need 6._________ (arise). The wooden parts such as columns and beams (横梁) were 7.________ (easy) replaced or reused to make other structures as needed since they were not joined together with fasteners.
To deal
maintaining
arose
easily
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of 8.__________ the Forbidden City is a good example. After it was built about 600 years ago, Beijing has experienced about 200 earthquakes. The slightly 9._____________ (weather) buildings survived with little damage due to the flexible brackets and loose pillars.
The basic elements of ancient architectural design remained unchanged 10._____________ thousands of years in China. The essence and wisdom of Chinese architecture will continue to serve as an inspiration for the world civilization.
weathered
which
for
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述中国古代建筑的设计和特点,展示了其在应对自然灾害和战争中的优势,并强调了其耐久性和对世界文明的贡献。
1._____________
[解析] 考查名词复数。根据句意可知,这里指多个诸侯国,state是可数名词,应用复数形式states作主语。故填states。
states
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2.__________
[解析] 考查连词。“…the states of the Zhou Dynasty era spread to the Yangtze basin that suffered from disasters…”和“…each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast.”之间是并列关系,应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
3.__________
[解析] 考查冠词。supply为可数名词单数形式,空处应填冠词,表泛指,ready的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a,a ready supply of…表示“一种现成的……供应”。故填a。
and
a
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4.___________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词形式,作目的状语,应用动词不定式形式,位于句首,首字母大写。故填To deal。
5.___________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处和rebuilding并列,作动词made的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填maintaining。
To deal
maintaining
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6.________
[解析] 考查动词时态。空处作as引导的从句的谓语动词,句子陈述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,arise的过去式为arose。故填arose。
7.________
[解析] 考查副词。空处修饰动词replaced or reused,应用副词形式easily作状语。故填easily。
arose
easily
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.___________
[解析] 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the durability of the wooden buildings,指物,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,应用which引导从句。故填which。
which
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.____________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词形式作定语,修饰名词buildings,动词weather“风化,受风蚀”和buildings之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式weathered作定语,表示“风化的”。故填weathered。
10.________
[解析] 考查介词。“for+时间段”表示“持续……时间”,故空处应填介词for。故填for。
weathered
for
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ⅳ 读后续写 [2025·福建厦门高三第二次质检]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的短文。
This morning, I asked Mum to take me to the pool. But she reminded me I'd watch kids for her as she got a job interview at the radio station. Still, I asked, “Couldn't Julie watch them instead ”
“She can help, Jess, but she's only ten. I'll feel better with a fifteen-year-old in charge, honey.” Mum gave me a hug and off she went.
So there I was, stuck watching my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie. I usually don't mind watching the kids, but the problem was our little rented trailer house (拖车房屋). It's like living in a barbecue cooker in hot days. Well, as it is said, “What is, is.” and I decided to make the best of it.
We moved out into the front yard and I filled a paddling pool for the kids. I noticed that the sky looked a little strange—greenish-yellow, with grey clouds rising for miles—but I didn't think anything of it.
As kids jumped in the pool, I settled down to read my magazine. I put on headphones and turned the volume up loud enough to block out their noise. Before long I got lost in a cool story.
I was almost at the end when Julie came over to me, dropping water on my article. I took my headphones off, “Hey, what's wrong with you ” She pointed upwards. That's when I saw the sky and about fell off my chair. Not only had the clouds moved towards us, but they were swirling (打旋). I hadn't realized how much the wind had
picked up. A huge, grey-black funnel (漏斗) snaked down from the sky to the ground—a real, live tornado! And it headed our way at high speed!
Though I had learned about tornado safety, at that moment, the only thing I could remember was that a tornado develops fast and that trailer houses are the worst place to take shelter. I tried hard to remember other safety tips. Get low. Yeah. If you're caught outside, find the lowest spot. As I was scanning around, my eye stopped on a line of bushes.
注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
There was a ditch (沟渠) there for shelter, a hundred yards off. _______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
But in a couple of minutes, the tornado was over._______________
_______________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者在一个可能遭遇龙卷风的日子里,负责照看年幼的弟弟妹妹,当意识到龙卷风即将来临时,作者迅速采取行动,带领弟弟妹妹们跑到附近的沟渠躲避,最终大家安然无恙的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那里有一条沟渠可以躲避,距离我们一百码远。”以及第二段首句内容“但几分钟后,龙卷风过去了。”可知,第一段可描写作者带着弟弟妹妹们跑到了沟渠那里,紧紧挤在了一起。
②由第二段首句内容“但几分钟后,龙卷风过去了。”可知,第二段可描写龙卷风过去了,看着周围的废墟,作者感到自己和弟弟妹妹们非常幸运。
2.续写线索：作者发现一百码开外的一条沟渠可以让他们躲避龙卷风—作者召集弟弟妹妹们跑到沟渠那儿—他们挣扎着到达了沟渠—作者用身体护住了弟弟妹妹,心中祈祷着龙卷风赶紧过去—几分钟后,龙卷风过去了—环顾四周,看到了一片废墟—作者觉得自己和弟弟妹妹们非常幸运,同时也为自己感到自豪。
One possible version:
There was a ditch (沟渠) there for shelter, a hundred yards off. I quickly gathered the kids, yelling, “Run to the ditch! As fast as you can!” (现在分词短语作状语) The wind howled, and debris flew everywhere. Julie held Dougie's hand tightly, and I grabbed Lyssa. We ran with all our might. The force of the wind pushed against us, making each step a struggle (现在分词短语作状语). When we reached the ditch (时间状语从句), we crowded together. I covered
the kids with my body, praying the tornado would pass (现在分词短语作状语). The noise was deafening, like a thousand trains roaring. I could feel the ground shaking beneath us.
But in a couple of minutes, the tornado was over. The howling wind gradually died down, and the debris stopped flying. I slowly lifted my head and looked around. The world seemed a bit strange and unreal. Trees were uprooted, and parts of the trailer were scattered. We climbed out of the ditch. The kids were shaken but unhurt. I felt a huge sense of relief wash over me. As we made our
way back to the damaged trailer (时间状语从句), I knew we were lucky to be alive (宾语从句). And I was proud of us for handling the terrifying situation so bravely.
A.词汇积累
1.riverine adj.河的;河边的
2.considerably adv.非常,相当多地
3.atmospheric adj.大气的;大气层的
4.hazardous adj.危险的;有害的
5.dizziness n.头晕;头昏眼花
6.stroke n.中风;(打、击等的)一下;击球(动作);一笔;轻抚
7.flexible adj.灵活的;柔韧的;有弹性的
B.熟词生义
stand v.经受,承受<生义>;站立;位于(某处);起立
The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of which the Forbidden City is a good example. (语法填空,Para.3)
【译文】这些木结构建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验,故宫就是一个很好的例子。
C.长难句分析
In a new paper published in the scientific journal Nature, Google's researchers describe this as an early warning system that could be used throughout the world, not only to predict or recognize natural disasters but also to buffer the worst effects of what is one of the most common types of natural disasters. (阅读理解, Para.1)
【分析】published in the scientific journal Nature是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词paper,与paper构成被动关系; that引导定语从句,
修饰先行词system,定语从句中嵌套not only…but also…连接的并列不定式短语,作目的状语;what引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语。
【译文】在发表于《自然》科学期刊的一篇新论文中,谷歌研究人员将其描述为一种可在全球范围内使用的早期预警系统,该系统不仅能预测或识别自然灾害,还能减少自然灾害中最常见类型之一所造成的最坏影响。
高中英语 必修第三册
Unit 6　Disaster and hope
听课手册
● 语篇词汇串记
1.approaching　2.immediately　3.threaten　4.occurred
5.and　6.At　7.survivors　8.to rebuild　9.reliable 10.a
● 考点互动探究
单词点睛
(1)①occurrence　②to wander
(2)①It immediately occurred to/struck/hit her that
②A good idea suddenly occurred to/struck/hit the twins
(1)①from　②rescuer(s)　(2)came to my rescue
(1)①v.声称　②v.认领　③v.索赔　④v.夺去(生命)
(2)claimed to have seen; It is claimed that
(1)from　(2)①shelter the local people from
②Under the shelter of my parents’ love
句型透视
The moment/second/instant/minute I got off the plane; Immediately/Instantly/Directly I got off the plane; On/Upon getting off the plane; hardly/no sooner; when/than; Hardly/No sooner had I got off the plane when/than
①It was several minutes before
②It wasn't long before
●当堂过关检测
Ⅰ. 1.occurrence　2.from　3.announcement　4.eruption
5.immediately　6.reliable　7.is claimed　8.precisely
9.threatened　10.exceptionally
Ⅱ.1. Now that　2.make it to　3.reacted to　4.has yet to
5.All of a sudden　6.look through　7.in the face of
8.a heavy heart
Ⅲ.1. It suddenly occurred to/struck/hit me that
2.before she managed to calm down
3.The girl staring at me
4.The moment I stepped near water
5.promising to pay
●语言素养提升
Ⅰ.1.panicked　2.permitting　3.are permitted
4.picnicking　5.planned　6.planning
Ⅱ.1.承受能力　2.保险　3.反对,抵制　4.存在,出现
5.发生,出现
Ⅲ.1.①应付,处理　②拿,使用　③把手
2.①绞死　②(使)低垂,下垂　③悬挂
3.①朝(某方向)行进　②率领,领导
4.①碰到,遇到(困难、问题等)　②打,击(球)　③使突然想起
④侵袭　⑤很受欢迎的事物
5.①容纳　②持有(某种观点)
●写作素养提升
Part Ⅰ 应用文写作
1.We're truly grateful for your concern about the flood that hit our village last week
2.drowning most farmland and damaging some houses
3.Hardly had it hit when the government launched
4.We helped the elderly take shelter from the flood
5.The moment the water went down, volunteers joined us in rebuilding　
6.it won't be long before life returns to normal
Part Ⅱ 读后续写
18.动作描写——嘴部动作
【跟踪演练】
Ⅰ.1.My mouth started watering　2.covered her mouth
3.take a bite; cupped/covered her mouth　4.bit her lower lip
5.licked his lips　6.cleared her throat
Ⅱ.1.could not help licking my lips　2.made my mouth water
3.took a bite　4.chewed slowly　5.spit out the chicken bones
6.took a sip of the tea
作业手册
Ⅰ 阅读理解
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D
Ⅱ 阅读七选五
1. G 2. E 3. C 4. F 5. A
Ⅲ 语法填空
states 2. and 3. a 4. To deal 5. maintaining
6. arose 7. easily 8. which 9. weathered 10. for
Ⅳ 略

展开更多......

收起↑