资源简介

Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.tornado n.(pl.-oes or -os) 龙卷风;旋风
2.drought n. 旱灾;久旱
3.landslide n.(also landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
[敲黑板]landslide是由land+slide构成的合成词。
4.slide vi.& vt.(slid,slid) (使)滑行;滑动
5.tsunami n. 海啸
6.magnitude n. 震级;重大
7.evacuate vt. 疏散;撤出
vi. 撤离
8.helicopter n. 直升机
9.unify vi.& vt. 统一;(使)成一体
10.volcano n.(pl.-oes or -os) 火山
11.typhoon n. 台风
12.hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)飓风
13.kit n. 成套工具;成套设备
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.disaster n. 灾难;灾害
2.rescue n.& vt. 营救;救援
3.damage vt. 损害;破坏
n. 损坏;损失
4.destroy vt. 摧毁;毁灭
5.crack n. 裂纹;裂缝
vi.& vt. (使)破裂
6.gas n. 气体;燃气;汽油
7.ruin n.& vt. 破坏;毁坏
8.percent n. 百分之……
adj.& adv. 每一百中
[敲黑板]percentage意为“百分率”。
9.brick n. 砖;砖块
10.metal n. 金属
11.bury vt. 埋葬;安葬;埋藏;专心于;使陷入
12.effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
13.context n. 上下文;语境;背景
14.pipe n. 管子;管道
15.emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况
16.crash vt.& vi. 碰撞;撞击;(计算机)崩溃
n. 撞车;碰撞
17.sweep vt.& vi.(swept,swept) 打扫;清扫
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.flood n.洪水;大量vi.淹没;大量涌入vt.使灌满水;淹没
①a flood area 　　　　　 洪水地区
②a flood of people 大量的人
③flood over 淹过
④flood the fields 淹没农田
2.shelter n.避难处;居所;庇护vt.保护;掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
①a storm shelter 风暴避难处
②a warm shelter 温暖的居所
③offer shelter 提供庇护
④shelter the children 保护孩子
⑤shelter the truth 掩蔽真相
⑥shelter from the rain 躲避雨水
3.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套n.险境;陷阱
①be trapped in the snowstorm 被暴风雪困住
②fall into a trap 掉入陷阱
4.supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品vt.供应;供给
①food supplies 食物补给
②power supply 电力供应
③supply food 供应/供给食物
[敲黑板]①以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,其过去式、过去分词直接加-ed;②以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,其过去式、过去分词变y为i再加-ed;③特殊:fly—flew—flown;lay—laid—laid;say—said—said;pay—paid—paid。
5.tap vi.& vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
①tap the desk 轻敲桌子
②turn off the tap 关闭水龙头
③a tap at the door 门上的轻敲
[敲黑板]tap的过去式和过去分词分别为:tapped;tapped。
6.whistle vi.吹口哨;发出笛声vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声);呼啸声
①whistle cheerfully 开心地吹口哨
②whistle at dawn 清晨发出笛声
③whistle a signal 吹口哨发信号
④a short whistle 短促的哨声
⑤the whistle of the wind 风的呼啸声
7.aid n.援助;帮助;救援物资vi.& vt.帮助;援助
①provide aid 提供援助
②aid the injured 帮助受伤者
8.wave n.海浪;波浪vi.& vt.挥手;招手
①a big wave 一个大的海浪/波浪
②wave to someone 向某人挥手/招手
9.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起n.罢工;罢课;袭击
①a typhoon strike 台风侵袭
②strike swiftly 快速突击
③strike the ball 击打球
④a surprise strike 突然袭击
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.death n.　　　　 　 死;死亡
die vi.& vt. 死;死亡
dead adj. 死去的
deadly adj. 致命的
adv. 极其,非常
dying adj. 垂死的;临终的
2.affect vt. 影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
affection n. 感情;喜爱
3.shock n. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
vt. (使)震惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
4.electricity n. 电;电能
electric adj. 用电的;电动的
electrical adj. 与电有关的
5.breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸
vt. 低声说
breath n. 呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
6.revive vt.& vi. 复活;(使)苏醒
revival n. 振兴;复苏
7.wisdom n. 智慧;才智
wise adj. 充满智慧的;明智的;英明的
unwise adj. 愚蠢的;不明智的;轻率的
8.suffer vt. 遭受;蒙受
vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
suffering n. 折磨;苦难;痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者;患者
9.erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出
eruption n. 喷发;(战争、怒气等的)爆发
10.survive vi. 生存;存活
vt. 幸存;艰难度过;生还;
比……活得长
survival n. 幸存;生还
survivor n. 幸存者
11.power n. 电力供应;能量;力量;
控制力
vt. 驱动,推动
powerful adj. 有权势的;强有力的
powerless adj. 无权的;无能力的
[敲黑板]高考中经常出现由power构成的合成词和语块,如:willpower n. 意志力;battery-powered adj.电池供电的;self-powered adj.自供电的;mixed-power adj.混合动力的;power plant 发电厂;electric power 电力。
12.calm adj. 镇静的;沉着的
vt. 使平静;使镇静
calmly adv. 冷静地;平静地;安静地;镇定地
calmness n. 冷静;镇静;平静;安宁
13.deliver vt.& vi. 递送;传达
vt. 发表
delivery n. 传送;递送;演讲方式
14.summary n. 总结;概括;概要
summarize vi.& vt. 总结;概述
15.effect n. 影响;结果;效果
effective adj. 有效的
effectively adv. 有效地
16.length n. 长;长度
long adj. 长的
lengthen vi.& vt. (使)变长
[敲黑板]length变为动词时加后缀-en。
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.as usual 像往常一样
2.come to an end 结束
3.in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
4.in shock 震惊;吃惊
5.in the open air 露天;在户外
6.on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
7.sweep away 消灭;彻底消除
(二)主题词块
1.volcanic eruption 火山喷发
2.at (the) least 至少
3.a natural disaster 自然灾难
4.one of the most deadly earthquakes 最致命的地震之一
5.provide medical care 提供医疗护理
6.put up shelters 搭建避难所
7.first aid kit 急救箱
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.(too...to...“太……而不能……”)
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!(as if “似乎;好像;仿佛”)
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
3.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.(everywhere作连词)
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
4.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(be doing...when...)
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水突然开始灌入屋内。
5.The night the earth didn’t sleep(拟人)
地球的不眠之夜
6.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.(明喻)
砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面,但是却没有风能将其吹走。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-ity表示性质、状态、动作或结果
多数直接加 electric电的;电力的→electricity电;电能　national国家的→nationality国籍 real真实的→reality现实　equal平等的→equality平等
有e去e加 active活跃的→activity活动　 　secure安全的→security安全
词尾-ble,变化仿-able able有能力的→ability能力　 　responsible负责的→responsibility责任
特殊强记 curious好奇的→curiosity好奇　generous慷慨的→generosity慷慨
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.drought n.旱灾;久旱
2.landslide n.(also landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
3.evacuate vt.疏散;撤出vi.撤离
4.helicopter n.直升机
5.unify vi.& vt.统一;(使)成一体
6.volcano n.(pl.-oes or -os) 火山
7.typhoon n.台风
8.hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.disaster n.灾难;灾害
2.flood n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没
3.rescue n.& vt.营救;救援
4.damage vt.损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
5.destroy vt.摧毁;毁灭
6.shelter n.避难处;居所;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
7.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
8.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱
9.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;埋藏;专心于;使陷入
10.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
11.supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品 vt.供应;供给
12.crash vt.& vi.碰撞;撞击;(计算机)崩溃n.撞车;碰撞
13.wave n.海浪;波浪 vi.& vt.挥手;招手
14.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.die vi.& vt.死;死亡→death n.死;死亡→dead adj.死去的→deadly adj.致命的 adv.极其,非常→dying adj.垂死的;临终的
2.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n.感情;喜爱
3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的
4.electric adj.用电的;电动的→electricity n.电;电能→electrical adj.与电有关的
5.wise adj.充满智慧的;明智的;英明的→
wisdom n.智慧;才智→unwise adj.愚蠢的;不明智的;轻率的
6.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.折磨;苦难;痛苦→sufferer n.受难者;患者
7.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n.喷发;(战争、怒气等的)爆发
8.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过;生还;比……活得长→survival n.幸存;生还→survivor n.幸存者
9.power n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力vt.驱动,推动→powerful adj.有权势的;强有力的→powerless adj.无权的;无能力的
10.calm adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静→calmly adv.冷静地;平静地;安静地;镇定地→calmness n.冷静;镇静;平静;安宁
11.summary n.总结;概括;概要→summarize vi.& vt.总结;概述
12.effect n.影响;结果;效果→effective adj.有效的→effectively adv.有效地
13.long adj.长的→length n.长;长度→lengthen vi.& vt.(使)变长
Ⅳ.重点短语
1.in ruins严重受损;破败不堪
2.in shock震惊;吃惊
3.in the open air露天;在户外
4.sweep away消灭;彻底消除
5.on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
3.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水突然开始灌入屋内。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She was rescued (营救) by a helicopter that appeared just in time,preventing her from being trapped (使落入险境) in the mountains.
2.The storm ruined (毁坏) the house,causing the roof to collapse and the walls to crack.
3.They supplied (供给) clean drinking water to the village,which had been suffering from a severe drought.
4.She tapped (轻叩) her fingers on the table,thinking about what to say next.
5.The train was approaching,its whistle (呼啸声) echoing through the station.
6.He was waving his hand in a desperate attempt to signal for help.
7.The idea struck me in the middle of the night,and I immediately wrote it down.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
shock;survive;calm;deliver;effect;wise;affect;breath
1.John felt the affection his family gave him,especially during tough times when he needed their support the most.
2.The news that he died in the rescue work is so shocking that everyone burst into tears.
3.After running the race,he was struggling to breathe,his chest tight and his legs sore.
4.His wisdom in making decisions helped the team avoid many mistakes during the project.
5.The survivor was rescued after days at sea,exhausted but grateful.
6.Even when the children were shouting,he calmly continued reading his book.
7.His delivery was powerful,leaving a deep impression on everyone who heard his words.
8.Her advice was effective,and I quickly solved the problem with her simple suggestions.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
first aid kit;in ruins;in shock;sweep away;in the open air;on hand;volcanic eruption
1.As the flood swept away everything,the old man stood at the edge of the water,helpless.
2.The teacher was always on hand to help students with their questions,offering assistance whenever they needed it.
3.The children,laughing and running wildly,played in the open air until the sun dipped below the horizon.
4.After the war,the city was left in ruins,with collapsed buildings and streets filled with dust.
5.I was in shock when I heard the news of my friend’s sudden departure,unable to believe that something so unexpected had happened.
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
1.I understood immediately what my parents were worried about.They were worried that I was too selfish to give.(心理描写;too...to...)
我立刻明白了父母的担心。他们担心我太自私了,不肯给予。
2.He ran so fast as if the wind were pushing him from behind.(比喻;as if)
他跑得飞快,仿佛有风在背后推着他。
3.I was lying face down on my bed upstairs when I heard her come through the front door.(动作描写;be doing...when...)
我正脸朝下躺在楼上的床上,突然听到她从前门进来。
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
The earthquake 1.struck (strike) so suddenly that people were too shocked to react at first.It felt as if the ground were swallowing everything.People 2.were trapped (trap) under the ruins,unable to breathe properly.Helicopters arrived quickly to rescue the 3.survivors (survive),and the team worked hard to help them.The damage to the city was immense,and many 4.suffered (suffer) injuries.Despite the destruction,the efforts of the rescuers brought hope.They managed 5.to bury (bury) the dead with respect,determined not to let the disaster destroy their courage.
Passage 2
The storm struck suddenly,leaving everyone in shock.With the power supply cut off,people were struggling to survive 1.when the rescue team arrived.The supply of water was low,and pipes were broken.2.Whistles (whistle) from the team signaled their arrival,bringing calm to the frightened crowd.It felt as if hope was lost,but aid was 3.on hand,and they quickly started to sweep away the rubbish.The waves 4.crashed (crash) violently against the shore as the team worked hard to provide help.It was a difficult time,but their 5.efforts (effort) had a great effect on the community.
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
1.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动(affection n.感情;喜爱)
佳句背诵　
She was affected with a cold,making it difficult for her to concentrate on her studies.
她感染了感冒,很难集中精力学习。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空/同义句转换
①The little girl showed her affection(affect)for her grandmother by bringing her flowers every week.
②Many young people were affected by (被感动) his story.They began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
③Affected by his story,many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(非谓语动词短语作状语改写句②)
用法归纳
be affected by　　 受……的影响;被……感动
be affected with 感染……疾病
教考衔接　语段训练
④The plastic pollution that damages oceans also harms animals,causing death or injury to sea creatures.Moreover,when chemicals from the plastics enter the water and the food chain,they affect human health as well .(建议信;2025·北京卷)
破坏海洋的塑料污染也伤害动物,导致海洋生物死亡或受伤。此外,当塑料中的化学物质进入水源和食物链时,它们也会影响人类健康。
2.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的
shocking adj.令人震惊的)
佳句背诵　
The unexpected guest and gift shocked me,and I was at a loss what to say.(心理描写)
意外的客人和礼物让我大吃一惊,我不知道该说什么。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was shocked to hear (hear) that the old castle had been destroyed.
②The news was a great shock to the poor girl and she started to cry.(shock n.)
这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了,她开始哭了起来。
用法归纳
·in shock　　　　　　　　 震惊;吃惊
be a great shock to sb 对某人来说是件震惊的事情
·be shocked at sth/that... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊
教考衔接　单句写作
③I simply stood there in shock,and my feet,as if rooted to the ground,couldn’t move a bit.(心理描写;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我只是震惊地站在那里,我的脚好像扎根在地上一样,一动也不能动。
3.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.折磨;苦难;痛苦
sufferer n.受难者;患者)
佳句背诵　
The smiles on their faces have deeply touched me and inspired me to devote my life to helping those suffering pain.(主旨升华)
他们脸上的笑容深深打动了我,激励我致力于去帮助那些遭受痛苦的人。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Whenever the scores were announced,Susan felt like a sufferer (suffer),her heart racing with anxiety.
②Knowing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness,I was burning with anxiety,so I darted towards the hospital.(心理+动作描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
得知我的搭档得了重病,我非常焦虑,所以我冲向了医院。
用法归纳
suffer from　患……病;受……苦
suffer作及物动词时,其后可跟pain、defeat、hardship等词作宾语;suffer from中的from表示原因,意为“因……而受苦”。
教考衔接　单句写作
③My teacher exclaimed,“In the process of writing,you must have suffered defeats and hardships.It is the sufferings that make you more strong-willed.”(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我的老师感叹道:“在写作的过程中,你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的意志更加坚强。”
片段巩固
用affect;shock;suffer完成天气突变、遭受暴风雨的续写片段
写作提示:突如其来的天气变化影响了我们→许多人感到震惊→一些房屋遭受了损坏→齐心协力修复了一切
The sudden change in weather affected us.Many people were in shock,not expecting such a heavy storm.Some families suffered damage to their homes,but they worked together to repair everything.
4.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;埋藏;专心于;使陷入
佳句背诵　
Jennifer sat on the floor,burying her face in her hands,and her body trembled as she began to cry softly.(动作+情绪描写)
詹妮弗坐在地板上,双手捂着脸,身体颤抖着,开始轻声地哭泣。
以练促学　一句多译
①我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。
→I bury myself/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→Burying myself/Buried in reading the English newspaper every day,I have gained abundant knowledge.(分词短语作状语)
用法归纳
　　　　　 　 埋头于;专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
教考衔接　句式升级
②David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.(动作描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→David still refused to look at me,burying his head in his arms.(分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me,with his head buried in his arms.(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me,his head buried in his arms.(独立主格结构)
5.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过;生还;比……活得长(survivor n.幸存者
survival n.幸存;生还)
佳句背诵　
I lay there and prayed.I didn’t know if there was any way that I could survive.(心理描写)
我躺在那里祈祷。我不知道我是否有办法活下来。
以练促学　语块填空
①She survived from(从……存活下来) the sudden car accident,and it took months for her to fully recover,especially after her legs were badly hurt.
②The weak and tired survivors had to survive on(依靠……生存下来) rainwater and fish for days until they were finally rescued by a helicopter.
用法归纳
survive from...　　 从……中存活下来
survive on... 依靠……生存下来
survive...by... 比……多活了……
教考衔接　语段训练
③Leaving the house,I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now.Had it managed to find its way back home,or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive (2023·浙江1月卷)
离开这座房子,我不禁想知道它现在怎么样了。它是已经设法找到了回家的路,还是仍在外面的某处艰难地生存
6.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
佳句背诵　
It struck me that Sarah’s kindness was something special and that she always took time to help others with a smile.(人物描写)
我突然意识到,萨拉的善良真的很特别,她总是带着微笑花时间帮助别人。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空/一句多译
①Terror and death struck (strike),and her heart was beating painfully fast,banging against her ribs.
②Struck by (被……迷住) the beauty of the West Lake,with its clear blue water and charming bridges,we stopped to admire it.
③我突然想起了一个好主意。
→A good idea struck me.
→I struck on a good idea.
用法归纳
be struck by　　　　　　 被……打动/迷住了
strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
It strikes/struck sb that... 某人觉得……;某人突然想起……
sth strikes sb 某人突然想起某事
sb strikes on sth 某人突然想起某事
教考衔接　语段训练
④What struck me most was how different it felt to draw outside rather than in a classroom.The sounds of birds singing and the breeze rustling through the leaves added a new dimension to my artwork.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
最让我印象深刻的是,在户外画画和在教室里画画感觉完全不同。鸟儿的歌声和树叶间吹过的微风给我的作品增添了新的维度。
片段巩固
用bury;survive;strike完成受灾场面描写的续写片段
写作提示:风暴袭来→力量强大→将汽车和树木埋在废墟下→许多人挣扎着生存下来→救援人员迅速到达→帮助有需要的人
When the storm struck,it was so powerful that it buried cars and trees under ruins.Many people struggled to survive and rescue workers arrived quickly to help those in need.
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
1.strike
A.vt.打动　B.vt.使突然想起　C.vt.撞　D.vt.达成(协议,妥协)　E.vt.(时钟等)敲响
①...some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)D
②After his vivid introduction,the idea that it is definitely Yuan Longping’s intense efforts that feed so many people on Earth struck me deeply.(2023·浙江1月卷)A
③When I entered the room,the clock had just struck 10.E
④He fell,striking his head on the edge of the table.C
⑤It struck me that I forgot to hand in my homework,making me anxious.B
2.calm
A.adj.镇静的;沉着的　B.vt.使平静;使镇静
C.n.安静,宁静
①George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I could tell this was hard for him,having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)A
②They remained on the terrace (平台) after dinner,enjoying the calm of the evening.C
③He gently held her hand to calm the nervous girl,who was trembling before the big performance.B
3.flood
A.n.洪水　B.n.大量　C.vi.淹没　D.vi.大量涌入 E.vt.淹没
①When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn’t have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.
(2025·全国二卷)E
②Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.D
③They could suddenly afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country.B
④A massive flood swept through the region,affecting thousands of people.A
⑤The heavy rain caused the river to flood,covering nearby roads and fields with water.C
4.wave　n.海浪;波浪;挥手　vi.& vt.挥手;招手
Every morning,Jack would go for a run along the beach.He loved watching the waves① crash against the rocks.One morning,he saw his neighbor and gave a wave② to say hello.His neighbor waved③ back,smiling brightly.①n.海浪;波浪　②n.挥手　③vi.挥手;招手
5.The new engine is capable of powering the entire factory with minimal energy consumption.vt.驱动
6.She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock.n.休克
7.John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)vt.捕捉
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 1.后缀-al作名词后缀,表示“人,物,状态” 2.后缀-al还可以作形容词后缀,表示“……的”
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.During my second year,I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear.During my third year,I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds,I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments.(2024·北京卷)n.提议
2.For 10 months every year,the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks,before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).(2024·全国甲卷)adj.区域的
3.His withdrawal from the competition surprised everyone,especially since he had been training so hard for months.However,he explained that personal issues were affecting his performance.n.退出adj.个人的
4.When the refusal came,she was deeply disappointed but decided to keep trying.n.拒绝
5.She asked for additional time to finish the assignment,explaining that she had been dealing with some unexpected issues.adj.额外的
No.3　练透写作常用句式
1.句型公式:as if “似乎;好像;仿佛”
课本原句:It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临!
佳句背诵　
On the other end of the phone,he hesitated for a moment as if he had forgotten about it.(动作描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
在电话那头,他犹豫一会儿,似乎忘记了这件事。
以练促学　语段训练/单句写作
①Upon approaching the house,I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck,looking sad.It seemed as if something unpleasant happened.(场面+心理描写)
一靠近房子的时候,我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,一脸悲伤。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
②Knowing I got the first place in the writing contest,I felt as if (I were) on the top of the world,surrounded by pride and joy.
知道自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名,我感觉就像站在世界之巅,周围充满了自豪和喜悦。
用法归纳
(1)as if/though可以放在look、seem等系动词之后引导表语从句;as if/though还可以引导状语从句,表方式。
(2)as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态为:
·陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
·虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
[点津]　当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
教考衔接　单句写作
③We spent the whole afternoon talking about old memories,and Toby,the dog,lay happily at his feet,as if nothing had ever come between us.(动作描写;2025·全国一卷)
我们整个下午都在叙旧,托比,那只小狗,幸福地趴在他的脚边,仿佛从未有任何事物横亘在我们之间。
2.句型公式:be doing...when...正在做……这时……
课本原句:I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水突然开始灌入屋内。
佳句背诵　
With the jar in my hands,I was walking upstairs in a hurry when one of my feet was caught on one stair.(动作描写)
手里捧着罐子,我正匆忙上楼,突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。
以练促学　单句写作
①Determined to start out the next morning,she was about to head home when a ringing birdsong floated down to her.(心理+环境描写)
她决定第二天早上再出发,正要回家时,清脆的鸟鸣声飘到了她耳边。
②I was surfing our school’s website when I noticed the English newspaper Youth.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
当我在浏览我们学校的网站时,我注意到了英文报纸Youth。
用法归纳
句中when用作并列连词,意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意,还常用于以下句型:
(1)be about to do...when... 正要做……突然……
(2)be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……突然……
(3)had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然……
教考衔接　单句写作
③Mother had just woken up when she was greeted by the delicious smell of food,which created a welcoming atmosphere in the home.(环境描写;2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
母亲刚醒来时,就闻到了食物诱人的香味,这种香味营造出一种温馨的家庭氛围。
维度一　单元知识运用
1.The town was affected (affect) by the flood,which destroyed many houses and left people without homes.
2.I was doing my household when my neighbor knocked on the door,offering me some fresh cookies.
3.I was shocked to see (see) how much the city had changed in just a few years.
4.He suffered from a back injury for months,but after seeing a doctor,he slowly began to recover.
5.He was buried in his thoughts,thinking about the challenges ahead.
6.After the hurricane,they had to survive on little food and water,relying on the kindness of volunteers.
7.It struck (strike) me that I had been so focused on my goals that I forgot to enjoy the little moments in life.
8.It seemed as if time had stopped (stop) when we were sitting together,talking and laughing.
维度二　单元知识拾遗
The water 1.swept (席卷) through the town,2.flooding streets and homes (淹没了街道和家园).The 3.rescue team (救援队) arrived quickly,bringing 4.shelter and aid (避难所和援助) to those in need.5.A supply of food and water (食物和水的供应) was offered to help everyone.The sound of 6.whistling winds (呼啸的风声) seemed to grow louder,but the team worked hard to 7.calm down the frightened people(安抚受惊吓的人) and provide support.With 8.power (电力) back on,they worked hard to 9.sweep away (清除) the ruins,and 10.in effect (实际上),11.the town slowly breathed again (小镇又慢慢地恢复了生机).
维度三　单元话题写作(宣传稿——抗震救灾)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
假定你是李华,你校学生会计划于下周五举办以抗震救灾为主题的展览。请你以校学生会的名义,在校英文网站上发布一则宣传稿,内容包括:1.展览的时间和地点;2.展览的内容;3.鼓励积极参与。
The school’s cultural center will see an exhibition organized by the Student Union on 1.earthquake relief and disaster rescue (抗震救灾) next Friday.
The exhibition is scheduled for 9:00 am,lasting two hours.The headmaster will 2.deliver a speech (发表演讲).The exhibition will focus on various aspects,ranging from 3.emergency action (紧急措施) to relief equipment.4.The tireless efforts of rescuers (救援人员的不懈努力) and the 5.wisdom people showed in disasters (人们在灾难中表现出的智慧) can leave you deeply 6.affected (感动).
In a word,all are expected to actively engage in the exhibition,which will definitely inspire you to contribute to society as well as 7.aid those in need (帮助需要帮助的人).
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Ⅰ.语料积累——情感细节描写:宽慰&温暖
单 词 1.relieved adj. 宽慰的 2.relieve vt. 使减轻;使解除(痛苦、忧愁等) 3.relief n. (痛苦等的)减轻;宽慰 4.warm adj. 温暖的 5.warmly adv. 温暖地 6.warmth n. 温暖
词 块 1.a mixture of warmth and relief 既温暖又欣慰 2.warm smile and gentle hug 温暖的微笑和轻柔的拥抱 3.fill one’s heart with warmth and peace 内心充满了温暖与平静 4.gentle voice and kind eyes 温柔的声音和善良的眼神 5.wrap one’s arm around my shoulders 搂着我的肩膀 6.comforting words 安慰的话语 7.make sb feel better 让某人感觉好多了 8.it’s okay to make mistakes 犯错是可以的 9.breathe a sigh of relief/gasp with relief 松了口气 10.to one’s relief 使某人宽慰的是
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.When I heard this,a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart.(无灵主语句)
当我听到这句话时,我的内心深处既温暖又欣慰。
2.What made me relieved was that I finally finished the task on time.(what)
使我感到宽慰的是,我终于按时完成了任务。
3.Her warm smile and gentle hug comforted me after a long,stressful day at school.(smile;hug)
在学校经历了漫长而紧张的一天后,她的温暖微笑和轻柔拥抱安慰了我。
4.Knowing that my family support me fills my heart with warmth and peace.(warmth and peace)
知道我的家人支持我,让我内心充满了温暖与平静。
5.Her gentle voice and kind eyes swept my worries.(gentle;kind)
她温柔的声音和善良的眼神抚平了我的担忧。
(Ⅱ)补全语段
Last week,I had a bad day at school.I felt frustrated and disappointed because I didn’t do well in my science project.When I got home,my mom noticed I was upset.She sat down next to me,1.wrapped her arm around my shoulders (搂着我的肩膀),and listened as I shared my worries.2.Her comforting words (她安慰的话语;名词短语) and warm hug 3.made me feel better (让我感觉好多了;make+复合宾语).She reminded me that 4.it’s okay to make mistakes (犯错是可以的;形式主语it) and that I can always try again.Knowing that she was there for me filled me with warmth and reassurance.By the end of our conversation,my sadness had faded,and I felt much more confident.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读B)
“I am not crazy,”says Dr.William Farber,shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit.“I am ahead of my time.”If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple of years,he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any indication,he may be right:Since 1982,membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,”he says.“I will do anything to help an animal.That’s my job.”
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。兽医William Farber奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法,用针灸、按摩等方式医治动物并取得了良好疗效。
24.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him
A.He’s odd. B.He’s strict.
C.He’s brave. D.He’s rude.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“I am not crazy”以及第三句中的“...some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual method”可知,Farber的一些同事认为他很怪异(odd),故选A项。]
25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A.He was trained in it at university.
B.He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C.He benefited from it as a patient.
D.He wanted to save money for pet owners.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,20年前有段时间Farber背部疼痛难忍,用药无效后尝试接受中医针灸治疗并取得很好的治疗效果。他受到启发,经过多年研习后,将此疗法应用于动物,故选C项。]
26.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B.The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C.Examples of rare animal diseases.
D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
答案　D　[段落大意题。第三段通过两个具体的治疗案例说明整体医学疗法医治动物的有效性,故选D项。]
27.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A.To prove Farber’s point.
B.To emphasize its importance.
C.To praise veterinarians.
D.To advocate animal protection.
答案　A　[推理判断题。从最后一段可知,兽医William Farber确信整体医学将会越来越受欢迎。自1982年以来,美国整体医疗兽医协会会员人数的增长印证了这一观点,故选A项。]
Step 1　理清行文脉络
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,...v.死,长眠
2.If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.adv.偶然,偶尔
3.Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.adj.依照惯例的,遵循习俗的
4....but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.adj.附加的,额外的
5.The effectiveness of holistic medicine.n.有效性,效力
课时作业
Ⅰ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2026·合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测)
假定你是李华,上周你参加了学校举办的以“绿色能源与未来生活”为主题的科学大讲堂活动。请你给外教Ryan写一封电子邮件,分享这次经历,内容包括:
1.活动介绍;2.你的收获。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Ryan,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Ryan,
Hope this email finds you well!I’m writing to share with you my experience of the science lecture on “Green Energy and Future Life” hosted in our school last week.The details are as follows.
First of all,a wide range of images and videos were displayed to arouse our awareness(唤起我们的意识) of environmental protection and anticipation for future smart homes.Additionally,a distinguished expert delivered a fascinating speech,introducing various green energy sources.
Immersed in(沉浸于) the activity,not only have I gained a profound insight into green energy that can reduce pollution,but I have also come to the realization(意识到) that it is every individual’s action that matters.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2026·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试)
As the school year wrapped up and the first days of summer vacation stretched out before them,Max,Ava,and Sam had a perfect day planned at their usual community park.This tidy little park was their go-to spot for unwinding and just enjoying some precious leisure time.
Max rushed ahead with a soccer ball under his arm,Ava and Sam following closely behind,full of energy.It was the kind of day that promised endless fun and carefree laughter.But as they stepped into the park,their heart sank.The once-beloved playground was now a chaotic mess of discarded trash(乱扔的垃圾)—candy wrappers stuck in the slide’s metal bars,plastic bottles rolling in the wind,and chip bags lying underfoot.
“Look at this!”Ava shouted in disbelief as she pointed to the garbage near the swings.
Max’s face darkened with frustration.The three friends stood frozen,their eyes scanning the playground area.The once clean slides and swings were now buried under a layer of candy wrappers and plastic bottles.Ava cast a glance(瞥一眼) at the walking trails,where garbage seemed to have taken over,with discarded bags and cans lying everywhere.Sam looked out at the grassy fields—a disaster.The park was vast,but every corner seemed to have been touched by the carelessness of others.
“Who would be so thoughtless ”Max whispered,shaking his head.
Sam kicked a plastic bottle in anger,sending it flying across the grass.“It’s not just thoughtless—it’s disrespectful.”
Ava sighed thoughtfully but suddenly her face lit up.“We can’t just leave it like this.Why don’t we do something about it We can,say,form a Cleanup Squad(清洁小分队)...”she said,her voice soft but determined.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Max and Sam exchanged an excited glance.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Unexpectedly,other parkgoers joined in as they did the cleanup.　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
Max and Sam exchanged an excited glance.“Great idea,”Max said,his frustration replaced by determination.Max kicked the soccer ball into a corner and they gathered,quickly dividing the park into sections:Max took the playground area,Ava focused on the walking trails,and Sam headed(朝……行进) for the grassy fields.They raced home to grab gloves and trash bags,returning with a renewed sense of purpose.With each piece of trash collected by them,the park slowly regained its former charm.Their efforts soon caught the attention of other parkgoers who watched curiously.
Unexpectedly,other parkgoers joined in as they did the cleanup. A young mom with her child picked up litter near the sandbox,while an elderly man helped clear the walking trails.Even a group of teenagers,who had been playing basketball,joined in.What they did was infectious (有感染力的),and soon the park was cleaner than ever.Max,Ava and Sam realized that together,they could make a real difference(产生真正的影响). They stood back to admire their handiwork.“We should call ourselves the Cleanup Squad,”Ava suggested,smiling.“And maybe we can do this every weekend!”
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2026·石家庄市高三教学质量检测)
A third of the Arctic’s tundra(北极冻原),forests and wetlands have become a source of carbon emissions(排放),a new study has found,as global heating ends thousands of years of carbon storage.
For thousands of years,Arctic land ecosystems have acted as a deep-freeze,holding potential emissions in the tundra.But ecosystems in the region are releasing more CO2 into the atmosphere with rising temperatures,a study published in Nature Climate Change concluded.
More than 30% of the region is a source of CO2,according to the analysis,rising to 40% when emissions from wildfires are included.By using data from 200 study sites between 1990 and 2020,the research demonstrates how the Arctic’s tundra,forests and wetlands are being transformed by rapid warming.
The shift is occurring despite the Arctic becoming greener.“In one place where I work in Alaska,when the tundra unfreezes,the plants that absorb CO2 grow more,so you can sometimes get an uptick in carbon storage,”Sue Natalia,the lead researcher said.“But the tundra continues to unfreeze and the microbes(微生物) take over.You can visually see the changes in the landscape.”
There is a growing concern about the natural processes that regulate the Earth’s climate,which are being affected by rising temperatures.Together,the planet’s oceans,forests,soils and other natural carbon sinks absorb about half of all human emissions,but there are signs that these sinks are under stress.
The Arctic ecosystem has been gathering carbon for thousands of years,helping cool the atmosphere.In a warming world,the researchers say,its carbon cycle is beginning to change and needs better monitoring.Dr Anna Virkkala,the author of the study,said,“The carbon in the Arctic soil is close to half of the Earth’s soil carbon pool,much more than in the atmosphere.This huge pool should ideally stay in the ground.But now,rising temperatures are speeding the breakdown of plant and animal remains,which releases stored carbon back into the air as greenhouse gases like CO2,creating a cycle that fuels even more warming.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,因全球变暖,三分之一的北极冻原、森林和湿地变为碳排放源。多年以来北极生态系统扮演着储存碳的“深冷冻柜”角色,现因升温释放更多二氧化碳。人们需要更好地监测北极的碳循环变化。
1.What’s the main reason for the release of carbon from Arctic soils
A.Tundra defrosting.
B.Wildfire erupting.
C.Tree over-cutting.
D.Wetland disappearing.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For thousands of years...releasing more CO2 into the atmosphere with rising temperatures”以及第四段中的“But the tundra continues to unfreeze and the microbes(微生物) take over.”可知,北极的陆地生态系统在过去几千年中一直是碳储存的“深冷冻柜”,但随着全球变暖,这些生态系统正在释放更多的二氧化碳;冻原仍在持续解冻,微生物开始占据主导地位。故可推知冻原解冻是北极土壤中碳释放的主要原因。故选A。]
2.What does the underlined word“uptick”in paragraph 4 mean
A.Boost. B.Loss.
C.Limit. D.Release.
答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“when the tundra unfreezes,the plants that absorb CO2 grow more,so you can sometimes get an uptick in carbon storage”并结合常识可知,当冻原解冻时,吸收二氧化碳的植物生长得更多,所以在这种情况下碳储存量应该是有所增加。故选A。boost “增长,提高”。]
3.What can we infer about the Arctic’s soil carbon pool according to Dr Anna Virkkala
A.It has less carbon than the air.
B.It ought to be stored in the tundra.
C.It can break down organic matter.
D.It is less affected by global warming.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第六段中Anna Virkkala博士说的话“The carbon in the Arctic...ideally stay in the ground.”可知,Anna Virkkala认为北极土壤中的碳库巨大,理想情况下应该留在地下,也就是应该被储存在冻原中。故选B。]
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.Arctic greening cuts carbon emissions.
B.More carbon is being released in Arctic.
C.Arctic carbon storage is growing rapidly.
D.Extreme climate makes Arctic inhabitable.
答案　B　[主旨大意题。文章开篇就指出三分之一的北极冻原、森林和湿地已成为碳排放源,接着阐述了随着全球变暖,北极生态系统的变化导致更多碳被释放,虽然北极绿化状况有改善,但整体上北极还是在释放更多碳,所以文章主要是在说北极正在释放更多的碳。故选B。A项“北极绿化减少了碳排放”;B项“北极正在释放更多的碳”;C项“北极的碳储存正在迅速增长”;D项“极端气候使北极不适宜居住”。]
二次精读
核心单词 Para.1:emission n.排放物,散发物;(光、热、气等的)发出,射出,排放　storage n.贮存,贮藏(空间) Para.2:ecosystem n.生态系统　potential adj.潜在的　release v.释放,放出,放走 Para.3:demonstrate v.证明,证实,论证,说明　transform v.使改变外观(或性质),使改观　Para.4:unfreeze v.(使)解冻,化冻,融化　Para.5:regulate v.调节,控制(速度、压力、温度等)　Para.6:cycle n.循环　monitor v.监视,检查,跟踪调查　breakdown n.分解
核心短语 Para.2:act as充当;担任　Para.4:take over接替,取代　Para.5:carbon sink碳汇(共150张PPT)
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
必修第一册
主题语境:自然灾害与防范
词句识记 体系构建
内
容
索
引
默写检测 盘点验收
核心突破 锤炼提升
能力考查 素养达标
读写培优 教考协同
课时作业
词句识记 体系构建
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.tornado n.(pl.-oes or -os) 龙卷风;旋风
2.drought n. 旱灾;久旱
3.landslide n.(also landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
[敲黑板]landslide是由land+slide构成的合成词。
4.slide vi.& vt.(slid,slid) (使)滑行;滑动
5.tsunami n. 海啸
6.magnitude n. 震级;重大
7.evacuate vt. 疏散;撤出
vi. 撤离
8.helicopter n. 直升机
9.unify vi.& vt. 统一;(使)成一体
10.volcano n.(pl.-oes or -os) 火山
11.typhoon n. 台风
12.hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)飓风
13.kit n. 成套工具;成套设备
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.disaster n. 灾难;灾害
2.rescue n.& vt. 营救;救援
3.damage vt. 损害;破坏
n. 损坏;损失
4.destroy vt. 摧毁;毁灭
5.crack n. 裂纹;裂缝
vi.& vt. (使)破裂
6.gas n. 气体;燃气;汽油
7.ruin n.& vt. 破坏;毁坏
8.percent n. 百分之……
adj.& adv. 每一百中
[敲黑板]percentage意为“百分率”。
9.brick n. 砖;砖块
10.metal n. 金属
11.bury vt. 埋葬;安葬;埋藏;专心于;使陷入
12.effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
13.context n. 上下文;语境;背景
14.pipe n. 管子;管道
15.emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.flood n.洪水;大量vi.淹没;大量涌入vt.使灌满水;淹没
①a flood area 　　 洪水地区
②a flood of people 大量的人
③flood over 淹过
④flood the fields 淹没农田
2.shelter n.避难处;居所;庇护vt.保护;掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
①a storm shelter 风暴避难处
②a warm shelter 温暖的居所
③offer shelter 提供庇护
④shelter the children 保护孩子
⑤shelter the truth 掩蔽真相
⑥shelter from the rain 躲避雨水
3.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套n.险境;陷阱
①be trapped in the snowstorm 被暴风雪困住
②fall into a trap 掉入陷阱
4.supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品vt.供应;供给
①food supplies 食物补给
②power supply 电力供应
③supply food 供应/供给食物
[敲黑板]①以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,其过去式、过去分词直接加-ed;②以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,其过去式、过去分词变y为i再加-ed;③特殊:fly—flew—flown;lay—laid—laid;say—said—said;pay—paid—paid。
5.tap vi.& vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
①tap the desk 轻敲桌子
②turn off the tap 关闭水龙头
③a tap at the door 门上的轻敲
[敲黑板]tap的过去式和过去分词分别为:tapped;tapped。
6.whistle vi.吹口哨;发出笛声vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声);呼啸声
①whistle cheerfully 开心地吹口哨
②whistle at dawn 清晨发出笛声
③whistle a signal 吹口哨发信号
④a short whistle 短促的哨声
⑤the whistle of the wind 风的呼啸声
7.aid n.援助;帮助;救援物资vi.& vt.帮助;援助
①provide aid 提供援助
②aid the injured 帮助受伤者
8.wave n.海浪;波浪vi.& vt.挥手;招手
①a big wave 一个大的海浪/波浪
②wave to someone 向某人挥手/招手
9.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起n.罢工;罢课;袭击
①a typhoon strike 台风侵袭
②strike swiftly 快速突击
③strike the ball 击打球
④a surprise strike 突然袭击
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.death n.　　 死;死亡
die vi.& vt. 死;死亡
dead adj. 死去的
deadly adj. 致命的
adv. 极其,非常
dying adj. 垂死的;临终的
2.affect vt. 影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
affection n. 感情;喜爱
3.shock n. 震惊;令人震惊的事;休克
vt. (使)震惊
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
4.electricity n. 电;电能
electric adj. 用电的;电动的
electrical adj. 与电有关的
9.erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出
eruption n. 喷发;(战争、怒气等的)爆发
10.survive vi. 生存;存活
vt. 幸存;艰难度过;生还;比……活得长
survival n. 幸存;生还
survivor n. 幸存者
12.calm adj. 镇静的;沉着的
vt. 使平静;使镇静
calmly adv. 冷静地;平静地;安静地;镇定地
calmness n. 冷静;镇静;平静;安宁
13.deliver vt.& vi.递送;传达
vt. 发表
delivery n. 传送;递送;演讲方式
14.summary n. 总结;概括;概要
summarize vi.& vt. 总结;概述
15.effect n. 影响;结果;效果
effective adj. 有效的
effectively adv. 有效地
16.length n. 长;长度
long adj. 长的
lengthen vi.& vt. (使)变长
[敲黑板]length变为动词时加后缀-en。
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.as usual 像往常一样
2.come to an end 结束
3.in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
4.in shock 震惊;吃惊
5.in the open air 露天;在户外
6.on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
7.sweep away 消灭;彻底消除
(二)主题词块
1.volcanic eruption 火山喷发
2.at (the) least 至少
3.a natural disaster 自然灾难
4.one of the most deadly earthquakes 最致命的地震之一
5.provide medical care提供医疗护理
6.put up shelters 搭建避难所
7.first aid kit 急救箱
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings. (too...to...“太……而不能……”)
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!(as if “似乎;好像;仿佛”)
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
3.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.(everywhere作连词)
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
4.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(be doing...when...)
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水突然开始灌入屋内。
5.The night the earth didn’t sleep(拟人)
地球的不眠之夜
6.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.(明喻)
砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面,但是却没有风能将其吹走。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-ity表示性质、状态、动作或结果
多数直接加 electric电的;电力的→electricity电;电能　national国家的→nationality国籍　real真实的→reality现实　equal平等的→equality平等
有e去e加 active活跃的→activity活动　 　secure安全的→security安全
词尾-ble,变化仿-able able有能力的→ability能力　 　responsible负责的→responsibility责任
特殊强记 curious好奇的→curiosity好奇　generous慷慨的→generosity慷慨
默写检测 盘点验收
Ⅰ.阅读单词
旱灾;久旱
(山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡
疏散;撤出
撤离
直升机
统一;(使)成一体
Step One　写一写
1.drought n. ______________________
2.landslide n.(also landfall) ______________________
3.evacuate vt. ______________________
vi. ______________________
4.helicopter n. ______________________
5.unify vi.& vt. ______________________
6.volcano n.(pl.-oes or -os) ____________________
7.typhoon n. ____________________
8.hurricane n. ____________________
火山
台风
(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
Ⅱ.核心单词
disaster
flood
rescue
damage
destroy
shelter
ruin
1.____________ n.灾难;灾害
2.____________ n.洪水;大量 vi.淹没;大量涌入 vt.使灌满水;淹没
3.____________ n.& vt.营救;救援
4.____________ vt.损害;破坏 n.损坏;损失
5.____________ vt.摧毁;毁灭
6.____________ n.避难处;居所;庇护 vt.保护; 掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
7.____________ n.& vt.破坏;毁坏
8.____________ vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱
9.____________ vt.埋葬;安葬;埋藏;专心于;使陷入
10.____________ n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
11.____________ n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品 vt.供应;供给
12.____________ vt.& vi.碰撞;撞击;(计算机)崩溃 n.撞车;碰撞
13.____________ n.海浪;波浪 vi.& vt.挥手;招手
14.____________ vi.& vt.(________,______________/ ____________)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
trap
bury
effort
supply
crash
wave
strike
struck
struck
stricken
Ⅲ.派生单词
die
death
dead
deadly
dying
affect
affection
1.____________ vi.& vt.死;死亡→
____________ n.死;死亡→
____________ adj.死去的→
____________ adj.致命的 adv.极其,非常→
____________ adj.垂死的;临终的
2.____________ vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→
____________ n.感情;喜爱
3.____________ n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊→
____________ adj.令人震惊的→
____________ adj.感到震惊的
4.____________ adj.用电的;电动的→
____________ n.电;电能→
____________ adj.与电有关的
shock
shocking
shocked
electric
electricity
electrical
5.____________ adj.充满智慧的;明智的;英明的→
____________ n.智慧;才智→
____________ adj.愚蠢的;不明智的;轻率的
6.____________ vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→
____________ n.折磨;苦难;痛苦→
____________ n.受难者;患者
7.____________ vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→
____________ n.喷发;(战争、怒气等的)爆发
wise
wisdom
unwise
suffer
suffering
sufferer
erupt
eruption
8.____________ vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过;生还;比……活得长→
____________ n.幸存;生还→
____________ n.幸存者
9.____________ n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力vt.驱动,推动→
____________ adj.有权势的;强有力的→
____________ adj.无权的;无能力的
survive
survival
survivor
power
powerful
powerless
10.____________ adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静→
____________ adv.冷静地;平静地;安静地;镇定地→
____________ n.冷静;镇静;平静;安宁
11.____________ n.总结;概括;概要→
____________ vi.& vt.总结;概述
12.____________ n.影响;结果;效果→
____________ adj.有效的→
____________ adv.有效地
calm
calmly
calmness
summary
summarize
effect
effective
effectively
13.____________ adj.长的→
____________ n.长;长度→
____________ vi.& vt.(使)变长
long
length
lengthen
Ⅳ.重点短语
in ruins
in shock
in the open air
消灭;彻底消除
现有(尤指帮助)
1.________________严重受损;破败不堪
2.________________震惊;吃惊
3.________________露天;在户外
4.sweep away _______________
5.on hand _______________
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.Chickens and even pigs were _________________________________, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安,不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。
2.It seemed ________________________________________________!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
3.______________________________________________ water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水突然开始灌入屋内。
too nervous to eat
as if the world were coming to an end
I was having breakfast with my three children when
Ⅰ.单词拼写
rescued
Step Two　练一练
1.She was ____________(营救) by a helicopter that appeared just in time,preventing her from being ____________(使落入险境) in the mountains.
2.The storm ____________(毁坏) the house,causing the roof to collapse and the walls to crack.
3.They ____________(供给) clean drinking water to the village,which had been suffering from a severe drought.
trapped
ruined
supplied
4.She ____________(轻叩) her fingers on the table,thinking about what to say next.
5.The train was approaching,its ______________(呼啸声) echoing through the station.
6.He was w____________ his hand in a desperate attempt to signal for help.
7.The idea s____________ me in the middle of the night,and I immediately wrote it down.
tapped
whistle
aving
truck
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
affection
shock;survive;calm;deliver;effect;wise;affect;breath
1.John felt the ____________his family gave him,especially during tough times when he needed their support the most.
2.The news that he died in the rescue work is so ____________that everyone burst into tears.
3.After running the race,he was struggling to ____________,his chest tight and his legs sore.
shocking
breathe
4.His ____________in making decisions helped the team avoid many mistakes during the project.
5.The ____________was rescued after days at sea,exhausted but grateful.
6.Even when the children were shouting,he ____________continued reading his book.
7.His ____________was powerful,leaving a deep impression on everyone who heard his words.
8.Her advice was ____________,and I quickly solved the problem with her simple suggestions.
wisdom
survivor
calmly
delivery
effective
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
swept away
first aid kit;in ruins;in shock;sweep away;in the open air;on hand;volcanic eruption
1.As the flood ________________everything,the old man stood at the edge of the water,helpless.
2.The teacher was always ________________to help students with their questions,offering assistance whenever they needed it.
on hand
3.The children,laughing and running wildly,played ________________ until the sun dipped below the horizon.
4.After the war,the city was left ______________,with collapsed buildings and streets filled with dust.
5.I was ________________when I heard the news of my friend’s sudden departure,unable to believe that something so unexpected had happened.
in the open air
in ruins
in shock
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
I was too selfish to give
1.I understood immediately what my parents were worried about. They were worried that ____________________________________.
(心理描写;too...to...)
我立刻明白了父母的担心。他们担心我太自私了,不肯给予。
2.He ran so fast ________________________________________ from behind.(比喻;as if)
他跑得飞快,仿佛有风在背后推着他。
as if the wind were pushing him
3.I ____________________face down on my bed upstairs ____________I heard her come through the front door. (动作描写;be doing...when...)
我正脸朝下躺在楼上的床上,突然听到她从前门进来。
was lying
when
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
struck
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
The earthquake 1.____________ (strike) so suddenly that people were too shocked to react at first.It felt as if the ground were swallowing everything.People 2.______________ (trap) under the ruins,unable to breathe properly.Helicopters arrived quickly to rescue
were trapped
the 3.____________ (survive),and the team worked hard to help them.The damage to the city was immense,and many 4.____________ (suffer) injuries.Despite the destruction,the efforts of the rescuers brought hope.They managed 5.____________ (bury) the dead with respect,determined not to let the disaster destroy their courage.
survivors
suffered
to bury
Passage 2
The storm struck suddenly,leaving everyone in shock.With the power supply cut off,people were struggling to survive 1.____________ the rescue team arrived.The supply of water was low,and pipes were broken.2.____________ (whistle) from the team signaled their arrival,bringing calm to the frightened crowd.It felt as if hope was lost,but aid was 3.____________ hand,and they quickly started to sweep away the rubbish.The waves 4.________ (crash) violently against the shore as the team worked hard to provide help.It was a difficult time,but their 5.____________ (effort) had a great effect on the community.
when
Whistles
on
crashed
efforts
核心突破 锤炼提升
No.1 夯实写作高频词汇
No.2 破解阅读障碍词汇
No.3 练透写作常用句式
1.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动(affection n.感情;喜爱)
佳句背诵　
She was affected with a cold,making it difficult for her to concentrate on her studies.
她感染了感冒,很难集中精力学习。
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空/同义句转换
①The little girl showed her ____________(affect)for her grandmother by bringing her flowers every week.
②Many young people ________________(被感动) his story.They began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
③________________________,many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(非谓语动词短语作状语改写句②)
affection
were affected by
Affected by his story
用法归纳
be affected by　 受……的影响;被……感动
be affected with 感染……疾病
教考衔接　语段训练
④The plastic pollution that damages oceans also harms animals, causing death or injury to sea creatures.Moreover,when chemicals from the plastics enter the water and the food chain, ____________________________________.(建议信;2025·北京卷)
破坏海洋的塑料污染也伤害动物,导致海洋生物死亡或受伤。此外,当塑料中的化学物质进入水源和食物链时,它们也会影响人类健康。
they affect human health as well
2.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的)
佳句背诵　
The unexpected guest and gift shocked me,and I was at a loss what to say.(心理描写)
意外的客人和礼物让我大吃一惊,我不知道该说什么。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was shocked ____________(hear) that the old castle had been destroyed.
②The news _______________________________________________
the poor girl and she started to cry.(shock n.)
这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了,她开始哭了起来。
to hear
was a great shock to
用法归纳
·in shock　　　　　　　　 震惊;吃惊
be a great shock to sb 对某人来说是件震惊的事情
·be shocked at sth/that... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊
教考衔接　单句写作
③________________________________________________, and my feet,as if rooted to the ground,couldn’t move a bit.(心理描写;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我只是震惊地站在那里,我的脚好像扎根在地上一样,一动也不能动。
I simply stood there in shock
3.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.折磨;苦难;痛苦sufferer n.受难者;患者)
佳句背诵　
The smiles on their faces have deeply touched me and inspired me to devote my life to helping those suffering pain.(主旨升华)
他们脸上的笑容深深打动了我,激励我致力于去帮助那些遭受痛苦的人。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Whenever the scores were announced,Susan felt like a ____________(suffer),her heart racing with anxiety.
②Knowing that my partner __________________________________,
I was burning with anxiety,so I darted towards the hospital.(心理+动作描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
得知我的搭档得了重病,我非常焦虑,所以我冲向了医院。
sufferer
was suffering from a serious illness
用法归纳
suffer from　患……病;受……苦
suffer作及物动词时,其后可跟pain、defeat、hardship等词作宾语;suffer from中的from表示原因,意为“因……而受苦”。
教考衔接　单句写作
③My teacher exclaimed,“In the process of writing,you ___________________________________________________________.______________________________________________make you more strong-willed.”(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我的老师感叹道:“在写作的过程中,你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的意志更加坚强。”
must have suffered defeats and hardships
It is the sufferings that
片段巩固
用affect;shock;suffer完成天气突变、遭受暴风雨的续写片段
写作提示:突如其来的天气变化影响了我们→许多人感到震惊→一些房屋遭受了损坏→齐心协力修复了一切
The sudden change in weather affected us.Many people were in shock,not expecting such a heavy storm.Some families suffered damage to their homes,but they worked together to repair everything.
4.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;埋藏;专心于;使陷入
佳句背诵　
Jennifer sat on the floor,burying her face in her hands,and her body trembled as she began to cry softly.(动作+情绪描写)
詹妮弗坐在地板上,双手捂着脸,身体颤抖着,开始轻声地哭泣。
以练促学　一句多译
①我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。
→I ____________________________________ the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
→_______________________________________________the English newspaper every day,I have gained abundant knowledge.(分词短语作状语)
bury myself/am buried in reading
Burying myself/Buried in reading
用法归纳
　　　　　 　 埋头于;专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
教考衔接　句式升级
②David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.(动作描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→David still refused to look at me,_____________________________.
(分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me,_____________________________.
(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me,_____________________________.
(独立主格结构)
burying his head in his arms
with his head buried in his arms
his head buried in his arms
5.survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过;生还;比……活得长(survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存;生还)
佳句背诵　
I lay there and prayed.I didn’t know if there was any way that I could survive.(心理描写)
我躺在那里祈祷。我不知道我是否有办法活下来。
以练促学　语块填空
①She ________________(从……存活下来) the sudden car accident, and it took months for her to fully recover,especially after her legs were badly hurt.
②The weak and tired survivors had to ________________________ (依靠……生存下来) rainwater and fish for days until they were finally rescued by a helicopter.
survived from
survive on
用法归纳
survive from... 从……中存活下来
survive on… 依靠……生存下来
survive…by… 比……多活了……
教考衔接　语段训练
③Leaving the house,I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now.Had it managed to find its way back home,or was it still out there somewhere ____________________________ (2023·浙江1月卷)
离开这座房子,我不禁想知道它现在怎么样了。它是已经设法找到了回家的路,还是仍在外面的某处艰难地生存
struggling to survive
6.strike vi.& vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击
佳句背诵　
It struck me that Sarah’s kindness was something special and that she always took time to help others with a smile.(人物描写)
我突然意识到,萨拉的善良真的很特别,她总是带着微笑花时间帮助别人。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空/一句多译
①Terror and death ____________(strike),and her heart was beating painfully fast,banging against her ribs.
②________________ (被……迷住) the beauty of the West Lake,with its clear blue water and charming bridges,we stopped to admire it.
③我突然想起了一个好主意。
→A good idea _______________________________________.
→I ________________________________________________.
struck
Struck by
struck me
struck on a good idea
用法归纳
be struck by　　　　　　 被……打动/迷住了
strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
It strikes/struck sb that... 某人觉得……;某人突然想起……
sth strikes sb 某人突然想起某事
sb strikes on sth 某人突然想起某事
教考衔接　语段训练
④_______________________________________________was how different it felt to draw outside rather than in a classroom.The sounds of birds singing and the breeze rustling through the leaves added a new dimension to my artwork.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
最让我印象深刻的是,在户外画画和在教室里画画感觉完全不同。鸟儿的歌声和树叶间吹过的微风给我的作品增添了新的维度。
What struck me most
片段巩固
用bury;survive;strike完成受灾场面描写的续写片段
写作提示:风暴袭来→力量强大→将汽车和树木埋在废墟下→许多人挣扎着生存下来→救援人员迅速到达→帮助有需要的人
When the storm struck,it was so powerful that it buried cars and trees under ruins.Many people struggled to survive and rescue workers arrived quickly to help those in need.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
D
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
1.strike
A.vt.打动　B.vt.使突然想起　C.vt.撞　D.vt.达成(协议,妥协)　E.vt.(时钟等)敲响
①...some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)_____
②After his vivid introduction,the idea that it is definitely Yuan Longping’s intense efforts that feed so many people on Earth struck me deeply.(2023·浙江1月卷)_____
③When I entered the room,the clock had just struck 10._____
④He fell,striking his head on the edge of the table._____
⑤It struck me that I forgot to hand in my homework,making me anxious._____
A
E
C
B
2.calm
A.adj.镇静的;沉着的　B.vt.使平静;使镇静 C.n.安静,宁静
①George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I could tell this was hard for him,having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)_____
②They remained on the terrace (平台) after dinner,enjoying the calm of the evening._____
③He gently held her hand to calm the nervous girl,who was trembling before the big performance._____
A
C
B
3.flood
A.n.洪水　B.n.大量　C.vi.淹没 D.vi.大量涌入　E.vt.淹没
①When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn’t have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.(2025·全国二卷)_____
②Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country._____
E
D
③They could suddenly afford to buy household goods thanks to a flood of imports from another country._____
④A massive flood swept through the region,affecting thousands of people._____
⑤The heavy rain caused the river to flood,covering nearby roads and fields with water._____
B
A
C
4.wave　n.海浪;波浪;挥手　vi.& vt.挥手;招手
Every morning,Jack would go for a run along the beach.He loved watching the waves① crash against the rocks.One morning,he saw his neighbor and gave a wave② to say hello.His neighbor waved③ back,smiling brightly.______________________________________
①n.海浪;波浪 ②n.挥手 ③vi.挥手;招手
5.The new engine is capable of powering the entire factory with minimal energy consumption.___________
6.She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock.___________
7.John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)___________
vt.驱动
n.休克
vt.捕捉
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.During my second year,I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear.During my third year,I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds,I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments.(2024·北京卷)___________
n.提议
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 1.后缀-al作名词后缀,表示“人,物,状态”
2.后缀-al还可以作形容词后缀,表示“……的”
2.For 10 months every year,the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks,before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).(2024·全国甲卷)___________
3.His withdrawal from the competition surprised everyone,especially since he had been training so hard for months.However,he explained that personal issues were affecting his performance.________________
adj.区域的
n.退出adj.个人的
4.When the refusal came,she was deeply disappointed but decided to keep trying.___________
5.She asked for additional time to finish the assignment,explaining that she had been dealing with some unexpected issues.___________
n.拒绝
adj.额外的
1.句型公式:as if “似乎;好像;仿佛”
课本原句:It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临!
佳句背诵　
On the other end of the phone,he hesitated for a moment as if he had forgotten about it.(动作描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
在电话那头,他犹豫一会儿,似乎忘记了这件事。
No.3　练透写作常用句式
以练促学　语段训练/单句写作
①Upon approaching the house,I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck,looking sad. _______________________________
___________________________________________. (场面+心理描写)
一靠近房子的时候,我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,一脸悲伤。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
②Knowing I got the first place in the writing contest,I felt ___________________________________________________________, surrounded by pride and joy.
知道自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名,我感觉就像站在世界之巅,周围充满了自豪和喜悦。
It seemed as if something
unpleasant happened
as if (I were) on the top of the world
用法归纳
(1)as if/though可以放在look、seem等系动词之后引导表语从句;as if/though还可以引导状语从句,表方式。
(2)as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态为:
·陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
·虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
[点津]　当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
教考衔接　单句写作
③We spent the whole afternoon talking about old memories,and Toby,the dog,lay happily at his feet,_____________________________
___________________________________.(动作描写;2025·全国一卷)
我们整个下午都在叙旧,托比,那只小狗,幸福地趴在他的脚边,仿佛从未有任何事物横亘在我们之间。
as if nothing had ever come
between us
2.句型公式:be doing...when...正在做……这时……
课本原句:I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水突然开始灌入屋内。
佳句背诵　
With the jar in my hands,I was walking upstairs in a hurry when one of my feet was caught on one stair.(动作描写)
手里捧着罐子,我正匆忙上楼,突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。
以练促学　单句写作
①Determined to start out the next morning,
________________________________ a ringing birdsong floated down to her.(心理+环境描写)
她决定第二天早上再出发,正要回家时,清脆的鸟鸣声飘到了她耳边。
②_________________________________________________________
I noticed the English newspaper Youth.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
当我在浏览我们学校的网站时,我注意到了英文报纸Youth。
she was about to head home when
I was surfing our school’s website when
用法归纳
句中when用作并列连词,意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意,还常用于以下句型:
(1)be about to do...when... 正要做……突然……
(2)be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……突然……
(3)had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然……
教考衔接　单句写作
③____________________________________________she was greeted by the delicious smell of food,which created a welcoming atmosphere in the home.(环境描写;2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
母亲刚醒来时,就闻到了食物诱人的香味,这种香味营造出一种温馨的家庭氛围。
Mother had just woken up when
能力考查 素养达标
维度一　单元知识运用
1.The town ________________(affect) by the flood,which destroyed many houses and left people without homes.
2.I was doing my household ____________my neighbor knocked on the door,offering me some fresh cookies.
3.I was shocked ____________(see) how much the city had changed in just a few years.
4.He suffered ____________a back injury for months,but after seeing a doctor,he slowly began to recover.
was affected
when
to see
from
5.He was buried ____________his thoughts,thinking about the challenges ahead.
6.After the hurricane,they had to survive ____________little food and water,relying on the kindness of volunteers.
7.It ____________(strike) me that I had been so focused on my goals that I forgot to enjoy the little moments in life.
8.It seemed as if time ________________(stop) when we were sitting together,talking and laughing.
in
on
struck
had stopped
维度二　单元知识拾遗
The water 1.________________ (席卷) through the town, 2.____________________________________ (淹没了街道和家园).The 3._____________ (救援队) arrived quickly,bringing 4.______________ (避难所和援助) to those in need.5.________________________ (食物和水的供应) was offered to help everyone.The sound of 6.__________________ (呼啸的风声) seemed to grow louder,but the
swept
flooding streets and homes
rescue team
shelter and aid
A supply of food and water
whistling winds
team worked hard to 7.________________________________(安抚受惊吓的人) and provide support.With 8.______________ (电力) back on,they worked hard to 9.__________________________ (清除) the ruins,and 10.______________________________________ (实际上), 11.__________________________________ (小镇又慢慢地恢复了生机).
calm down the frightened people
power
sweep away
in effect
the town slowly breathed again
维度三　单元话题写作(宣传稿——抗震救灾)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
假定你是李华,你校学生会计划于下周五举办以抗震救灾为主题的展览。请你以校学生会的名义,在校英文网站上发布一则宣传稿,内容包括:1.展览的时间和地点;2.展览的内容;3.鼓励积极参与。
The school’s cultural center will see an exhibition organized by the Student Union on 1.______________________________________ (抗震救灾) next Friday.
The exhibition is scheduled for 9:00 am,lasting two hours.The headmaster will 2.____________________ (发表演讲).The exhibition will focus on various aspects,ranging from 3._____________________ (紧急措施) to relief equipment.4.________________________________
earthquake relief and disaster rescue
deliver a speech
emergency action
The tireless efforts of rescuers
(救援人员的不懈努力) and the 5._______________________________
(人们在灾难中表现出的智慧) can leave you deeply 6.____________ (感动).
In a word,all are expected to actively engage in the exhibition,which will definitely inspire you to contribute to society as well as 7._________________________ (帮助需要帮助的人).
wisdom people showed in disasters
affected
aid those in need
读写培优 教考协同
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Ⅰ.语料积累——情感细节描写:宽慰&温暖
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
单 词 1.relieved adj.　 宽慰的
2.relieve vt. 使减轻;使解除(痛苦、忧愁等)
3.relief n. (痛苦等的)减轻;宽慰
4.warm adj. 温暖的
5.warmly adv. 温暖地
6.warmth n. 温暖
词 块 1.a mixture of warmth and relief 既温暖又欣慰
2.warm smile and gentle hug 温暖的微笑和轻柔的拥抱
3.fill one’s heart with warmth and peace 内心充满了温暖与平静
4.gentle voice and kind eyes 温柔的声音和善良的眼神
5.wrap one’s arm around my shoulders 搂着我的肩膀
6.comforting words 安慰的话语
7.make sb feel better 让某人感觉好多了
8.it’s okay to make mistakes 犯错是可以的
9.breathe a sigh of relief/gasp with relief 松了口气
10.to one’s relief 使某人宽慰的是
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.When I heard this,_________________________________________ in my deep heart.(无灵主语句)
当我听到这句话时,我的内心深处既温暖又欣慰。
2.________________________________________________ was that I finally finished the task on time.(what)
使我感到宽慰的是,我终于按时完成了任务。
a mixture of warmth and relief welled up
What made me relieved
3.__________________________________________________________after a long, stressful day at school.(smile;hug)
在学校经历了漫长而紧张的一天后,她的温暖微笑和轻柔拥抱安慰了我。
4.Knowing that my family support me __________________________
________________________________________. (warmth and peace)
知道我的家人支持我,让我内心充满了温暖与平静。
Her warm smile and gentle hug comforted me
fills my heart with
warmth and peace
5._______________________________________________swept my worries.(gentle;kind)
她温柔的声音和善良的眼神抚平了我的担忧。
Her gentle voice and kind eyes
(Ⅱ)补全语段
wrapped her arm around my shoulders
Last week,I had a bad day at school.I felt frustrated and disappointed because I didn’t do well in my science project.When I got home,my mom noticed I was upset.She sat down next to me, 1._______________________________________________ (搂着我的肩膀),and listened as I shared my worries.2.________________________ (她安慰的话语;名词短语) and warm hug 3._______________________ (让我感觉好多了;make+复合宾语).She reminded me that
Her comforting words
made me feel better
4.________________________________ (犯错是可以的;形式主语it) and that I can always try again.Knowing that she was there for me filled me with warmth and reassurance.By the end of our conversation,my sadness had faded,and I felt much more confident.
it’s okay to make mistakes
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读B)
“I am not crazy,”says Dr.William Farber,shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit.“I am ahead of my time.”If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple of years,he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any indication,he may be right:Since 1982,membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,”he says.“I will do anything to help an animal.That’s my job.”
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。兽医William Farber奉行中西医结合的整体医学疗法,用针灸、按摩等方式医治动物并取得了良好疗效。
24.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him
A.He’s odd. B.He’s strict.
C.He’s brave. D.He’s rude.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“I am not crazy”以及第三句中的“...some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual method”可知,Farber的一些同事认为他很怪异(odd),故选A项。
25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets
A.He was trained in it at university.
B.He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C.He benefited from it as a patient.
D.He wanted to save money for pet owners.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,20年前有段时间Farber背部疼痛难忍,用药无效后尝试接受中医针灸治疗并取得很好的治疗效果。他受到启发,经过多年研习后,将此疗法应用于动物,故选C项。
26.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B.The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C.Examples of rare animal diseases.
D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
√
解析　段落大意题。第三段通过两个具体的治疗案例说明整体医学疗法医治动物的有效性,故选D项。
27.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
A.To prove Farber’s point. B.To emphasize its importance.
C.To praise veterinarians. D.To advocate animal protection.
√
解析　推理判断题。从最后一段可知,兽医William Farber确信整体医学将会越来越受欢迎。自1982年以来,美国整体医疗兽医协会会员人数的增长印证了这一观点,故选A项。
Step 1　理清行文脉络
针灸疗法
传统疗法
实例和效果
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says,she was prepared to put him to sleep,...___________
2.If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.____________
3.Farber,a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian.________________________
v.死,长眠
adv.偶然,偶尔
adj.依照惯例的,遵循习俗的
4....but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.________________
5.The effectiveness of holistic medicine._____________
adj.附加的,额外的
n.有效性,效力
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2026·合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测)
假定你是李华,上周你参加了学校举办的以“绿色能源与未来生活”为主题的科学大讲堂活动。请你给外教Ryan写一封电子邮件,分享这次经历,内容包括:
1.活动介绍;2.你的收获。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Ryan,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Ryan,
Hope this email finds you well!I’m writing to share with you my experience of the science lecture on “Green Energy and Future Life” hosted in our school last week.The details are as follows.
First of all,a wide range of images and videos were displayed to arouse our awareness(唤起我们的意识) of environmental protection and anticipation for future smart homes.Additionally,a distinguished
expert delivered a fascinating speech,introducing various green energy sources.
Immersed in(沉浸于) the activity,not only have I gained a profound insight into green energy that can reduce pollution,but I have also come to the realization(意识到) that it is every individual’s action that matters.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2026·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试)
As the school year wrapped up and the first days of summer vacation stretched out before them,Max,Ava,and Sam had a perfect day planned at their usual community park.This tidy little park was their go-to spot for unwinding and just enjoying some precious leisure time.
Max rushed ahead with a soccer ball under his arm,Ava and Sam following closely behind,full of energy.It was the kind of day that promised endless fun and carefree laughter.But as they stepped into the park,their heart sank.The once-beloved playground was now a chaotic mess of discarded trash(乱扔的垃圾)—candy wrappers stuck in the slide’s metal bars,plastic bottles rolling in the wind,and chip bags lying underfoot.
“Look at this!”Ava shouted in disbelief as she pointed to the garbage near the swings.
Max’s face darkened with frustration.The three friends stood frozen,their eyes scanning the playground area.The once clean slides and swings were now buried under a layer of candy wrappers and plastic bottles.Ava cast a glance(瞥一眼) at the walking trails,where garbage seemed to have taken over,with discarded bags and cans lying everywhere.Sam looked out at the grassy fields—a disaster.The park was vast,but every corner seemed to have been touched by the carelessness of others.
“Who would be so thoughtless ”Max whispered,shaking his head.
Sam kicked a plastic bottle in anger,sending it flying across the grass.“It’s not just thoughtless—it’s disrespectful.”
Ava sighed thoughtfully but suddenly her face lit up.“We can’t just leave it like this.Why don’t we do something about it We can,say,form a Cleanup Squad(清洁小分队)...”she said,her voice soft but determined.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Max and Sam exchanged an excited glance.__________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　　Unexpectedly,other parkgoers joined in as they did the cleanup._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Max and Sam exchanged an excited glance.“Great idea,”Max said,his frustration replaced by determination.Max kicked the soccer ball into a corner and they gathered,quickly dividing the park into sections:Max took the playground area,Ava focused on the walking trails,and Sam headed(朝……行进) for the grassy fields.They raced home to grab gloves and trash bags,returning with a renewed sense of purpose.With each piece of trash collected by them,the park slowly regained its former charm.Their efforts soon caught the attention of other parkgoers who watched curiously.
Unexpectedly,other parkgoers joined in as they did the cleanup. A young mom with her child picked up litter near the sandbox,while an elderly man helped clear the walking trails.Even a group of teenagers,who had been playing basketball,joined in.What they did was infectious (有感染力的),and soon the park was cleaner than ever.Max,Ava and Sam realized that together,they could make a real difference(产生真正的影响). They stood back to admire their handiwork.“We should call ourselves the Cleanup Squad,”Ava suggested,smiling.“And maybe we can do this every weekend!”
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2026·石家庄市高三教学质量检测)
A third of the Arctic’s tundra(北极冻原),forests and wetlands have become a source of carbon emissions(排放),a new study has found,as global heating ends thousands of years of carbon storage.
For thousands of years,Arctic land ecosystems have acted as a deep-freeze,holding potential emissions in the tundra.But ecosystems in the region are releasing more CO2 into the atmosphere with rising temperatures,a study published in Nature Climate Change concluded.
More than 30% of the region is a source of CO2,according to the analysis,rising to 40% when emissions from wildfires are included.By using data from 200 study sites between 1990 and 2020,the research demonstrates how the Arctic’s tundra,forests and wetlands are being transformed by rapid warming.
The shift is occurring despite the Arctic becoming greener.“In one place where I work in Alaska,when the tundra unfreezes,the plants that absorb CO2 grow more,so you can sometimes get an uptick in carbon storage,”Sue Natalia,the lead researcher said.“But the tundra continues to unfreeze and the microbes(微生物) take over.You can visually see the changes in the landscape.”
There is a growing concern about the natural processes that regulate the Earth’s climate,which are being affected by rising temperatures.Together,the planet’s oceans,forests,soils and other natural carbon sinks absorb about half of all human emissions,but there are signs that these sinks are under stress.
The Arctic ecosystem has been gathering carbon for thousands of years, helping cool the atmosphere.In a warming world,the researchers say,its carbon cycle is beginning to change and needs better monitoring. Dr Anna Virkkala,the author of the study,said,“The carbon in the Arctic soil is close to half of the Earth’s soil carbon pool,much more than in the atmosphere.This huge pool should ideally stay in the ground. But now,rising temperatures are speeding the breakdown of plant and animal remains,which releases stored carbon back into the air as greenhouse gases like CO2,creating a cycle that fuels even more warming.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,因全球变暖,三分之一的北极冻原、森林和湿地变为碳排放源。多年以来北极生态系统扮演着储存碳的“深冷冻柜”角色,现因升温释放更多二氧化碳。人们需要更好地监测北极的碳循环变化。
1.What’s the main reason for the release of carbon from Arctic soils
A.Tundra defrosting. B.Wildfire erupting.
C.Tree over-cutting. D.Wetland disappearing.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For thousands of years...releasing more CO2 into the atmosphere with rising temperatures”以及第四段中的“But the tundra continues to unfreeze and the microbes(微生物) take over.”可知,北极的陆地生态系统在过去几千年中一直是碳储存的“深冷冻柜”,但随着全球变暖,这些生态系统正在释放更多的二氧化碳;冻原仍在持续解冻,微生物开始占据主导地位。故可推知冻原解冻是北极土壤中碳释放的主要原因。故选A。
2.What does the underlined word“uptick”in paragraph 4 mean
A.Boost. B.Loss.
C.Limit. D.Release.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“when the tundra unfreezes,the plants that absorb CO2 grow more,so you can sometimes get an uptick in carbon storage”并结合常识可知,当冻原解冻时,吸收二氧化碳的植物生长得更多,所以在这种情况下碳储存量应该是有所增加。故选A。boost “增长,提高”。
3.What can we infer about the Arctic’s soil carbon pool according to Dr Anna Virkkala
A.It has less carbon than the air.
B.It ought to be stored in the tundra.
C.It can break down organic matter.
D.It is less affected by global warming.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第六段中Anna Virkkala博士说的话“The carbon in the Arctic...ideally stay in the ground.”可知,Anna Virkkala认为北极土壤中的碳库巨大,理想情况下应该留在地下,也就是应该被储存在冻原中。故选B。
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.Arctic greening cuts carbon emissions.
B.More carbon is being released in Arctic.
C.Arctic carbon storage is growing rapidly.
D.Extreme climate makes Arctic inhabitable.
√
解析　主旨大意题。文章开篇就指出三分之一的北极冻原、森林和湿地已成为碳排放源,接着阐述了随着全球变暖,北极生态系统的变化导致更多碳被释放,虽然北极绿化状况有改善,但整体上北极还是在释放更多碳,所以文章主要是在说北极正在释放更多的碳。故选B。A项“北极绿化减少了碳排放”;B项“北极正在释放更多的碳”;C项“北极的碳储存正在迅速增长”;D项“极端气候使北极不适宜居住”。
二次精读
核心 单词 Para.1:emission n.排放物,散发物;(光、热、气等的)发出,射出,排放　storage n.贮存,贮藏(空间) Para.2:ecosystem n.生态系统　potential adj.潜在的　release v.释放,放出,放走 Para.3:demonstrate v.证明,证实,论证,说明　transform v.使改变外观(或性质), 使改观　Para.4:unfreeze v.(使)解冻,化冻,融化　Para.5:regulate v.调节,控制(速度、压力、温度等)　Para.6:cycle n.循环　monitor v.监视,检查,跟踪调查　breakdown n.分解
核心 短语 Para.2:act as充当;担任　Para.4:take over接替,取代　Para.5:carbon sink碳汇
Thanks！
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