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专题五：连词与状语从句
第一部分 专题讲解
一、连词的分类与功能
类型 常用连词 功能 易错点
并列连词 and, or, but, so 连接并列的词、短语或分句 so 不能与 because 连用
从属连词 when, while, as 引导时间状语从句 while 后需接延续性动词
从属连词 if, unless 引导条件状语从句 unless = if not
从属连词 because, since, as 引导原因状语从句 because 不能与 so 连用
从属连词 so that, in order that 引导目的状语从句 从句常搭配 may / can
从属连词 so...that, such...that 引导结果状语从句 so 后接形容词/副词，such 后接名词
从属连词 although, though 引导让步状语从句 不能与 but 连用
二、时间状语从句的连词辨析
连词 用法 例句 易错点
when 主句动作发生在从句动作进行期间或结束之后 When I arrived, he was cooking. 可搭配短暂性、延续性动词
while 主从句动作同步发生，可表对比 While I was reading, he was sleeping. 从句谓语动词必须为延续性动词
as 表示一边……一边……（同步动作），也可表示随着（强调状态渐变） As time goes by, we grow older. 侧重动作同步或情况逐步变化
before 表示“在……之前” Wash your hands before you eat. 体现主从句动作先后顺序
after 表示“在……之后” After he finished, he left. 体现主从句动作先后顺序
until 表示“直到……为止” He waited until she came back. 固定搭配 not...until，意为“直到……才”
as soon as 表示“一……就……” I will call you as soon as I arrive. 遵循“主将从现”规则
since 表示“自从……以来” He has lived here since he was born. 从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时
三、条件状语从句的连词辨析
连词 含义 用法 例句
if 如果 引导真实条件句 If it rains, we will stay at home.
unless 如果不 等同于 if not You will fail unless you work hard.
as long as 只要 用于限定条件 You can go out as long as you finish your homework.
易错点
条件状语从句遵循主将从现：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
unless 本身含有否定含义，不可再与 not 连用。
四、原因状语从句的连接词
连词 语气强度 位置特点 例句
because 语气最强，强调直接原因 可置于主句前或主句后 He was late because he missed the bus.
since 语气较弱，侧重已知、显而易见的原因 多置于句首 Since you are here, let‘s start.
as 语气最弱，仅作附带说明 多置于句首 As it was raining, we stayed home.
易错点
because 和 so 不能同时出现在同一个句子中。
because 引导的从句可单独用来回答由 Why 提出的问题。
五、结果状语从句的结构
结构 用法 例句
so + 形容词/副词 + that 修饰形容词或副词 He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that 修饰单数可数名词 She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.
such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词 + that 修饰复数名词或不可数名词 They are such good students that teachers praise them.
易错点
同义转换：so nice a girl = such a nice girl。
名词前有 many, much, few 修饰时，统一用 so，不用 such。
若 little 表数量少，用 so（so little water）；若 little 表年龄小，用 such（such a little girl）。
六、让步状语从句的连接词
连词 用法 例句
although / though 虽然 Although he is young, he knows a lot.
even if / even though 即使 Even if it rains, we will go.
however 无论多么 However hard it is, don‘t give up.
whatever 无论什么 Whatever you do, do your best.
易错点
although / though 不能与 but 连用。
however 后接形容词或副词，再接主语和谓语。
第二部分 训练习题
一、语法填空（用适当的连词填空）
He got up late, __________ he missed the first bus.
Study hard, __________ you will fail the exam.
__________ she is very young, she can speak three languages.
I didn’t go to bed __________ I finished my homework.
__________ you practice every day, you will improve your English.
The box is __________ heavy __________ I can‘t carry it.
This is __________ an interesting book __________ everyone wants to read it.
__________ it was raining heavily, they still went out.
I will call you __________ I get to the airport.
He has learned English __________ he was five years old.
You will succeed __________ you give up halfway.
She was reading a book __________ I was watching TV.
__________ you are free tomorrow, let’s go hiking.
He saved his money __________ he could buy a gift for his mother.
__________ hard the task is, we will try our best to finish it.
二、语法填空（阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的连词）
A
Last weekend, I went to the countryside to visit my grandparents. 1__________ I arrived, they were working in the garden. My grandfather is 75 years old, 2__________ he still works every day. He said, “3__________ I am healthy, I will keep working.”
We had lunch together. 4__________ we were eating, my grandfather told me many interesting stories about his young days. The stories were 5__________ interesting 6__________ I listened without moving. My grandmother added, “7__________ we were poor at that time, we were happy.”
8__________ lunch, I helped them water the vegetables. My grandfather taught me how to do it. “You will grow strong vegetables 9__________ you water them regularly,” he said.
10__________ I left, I promised to visit them more often. This experience taught me 11__________ happiness does not depend on how much you have, 12__________ on how much you enjoy what you have.
B
Do you want to learn a foreign language well Here is some advice for you. 1__________ it takes time and effort, learning a language is very rewarding.
First, practice every day. 2__________ you practice regularly, you will make progress quickly. 3__________ you only study once a week, you may forget what you learned before.
Second, don‘t be afraid of making mistakes. 4__________ you make mistakes, you will learn from them. 5__________ you are shy to speak, you won’t improve your speaking skills.
Third, use the language as much as possible. 6__________ you are watching TV, 7__________ you are listening to music, try to use the language. It is 8__________ an effective method 9__________ many learners recommend it.
10__________ you follow these tips, you will see improvement. Remember, you won‘t become fluent overnight. 11__________ hard it is, keep going. 12__________ you give up, you will never know what you can achieve.
答案与解析
一、语法填空
题号 答案 解析
1 so 前后为因果关系，so 引出结果。
2 or 祈使句 + or + 陈述句，or 意为“否则”。
3 Although / Though 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，不与 but 连用。
4 until 固定结构 not...until，意为“直到……才”。
5 If 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。
6 so; that so...that 引导结果状语从句，so 修饰形容词 heavy。
7 such; that such...that 引导结果状语从句，such 修饰名词 book。
8 Although / Though 引导让步状语从句，表转折。
9 as soon as 意为“一……就……”，从句遵循主将从现规则。
10 since 引导时间状语从句，从句多用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。
11 unless 相当于 if not，意为“除非、如果不”。
12 while 强调两个延续性动作同时进行。
13 If 引导条件状语从句。
14 so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“以便、为了”。
15 However 修饰形容词 hard，引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”。
二、短文语法填空答案与解析
A
题号 答案 解析
1 When 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
2 but 并列连词，表转折关系。
3 As long as 引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
4 While 引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同步进行。
5 so 与 that 构成 so...that 结果状语结构。
6 that 搭配 so，引导结果状语从句。
7 Although / Though 引导让步状语从句。
8 After 表时间顺序，意为“在……之后”。
9 if 引导条件状语从句。
10 Before 表时间顺序，意为“在……之前”。
11 that 引导宾语从句，无实义，可省略。
12 but 构成固定结构 not...but...，意为“不是……而是……”。
B
题号 答案 解析
1 Although / Though 引导让步状语从句。
2 If 引导条件状语从句。
3 If 引导条件状语从句，与前文内容形成对比。
4 When / As 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
5 If 引导条件状语从句。
6 whether 与 or 构成 whether...or... 固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。
7 or 搭配 whether，构成固定结构。
8 such 与 that 构成 such...that 结果状语结构，修饰名词 method。
9 that 搭配 such，引导结果状语从句。
10 If 引导条件状语从句。
11 However 修饰形容词 hard，引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”。
12 If 引导条件状语从句。

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