资源简介

Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.poster n.　　　　　 海报
2.shark n. 鲨鱼
3.fin n. (鱼的)鳍
4.prince n. 王子;王孙;亲王
5.authority n. 官方;当权;权威
6.whale n. 鲸
7.antelope n. 羚;羚类动物
8.herd n. 牧群;兽群
9.fur n. 毛(皮);毛皮衣服
10.sacred adj. 神圣的;受尊敬的
11.kangaroo n. 袋鼠
12.binoculars n. 双筒望远镜
13.dolphin n. 海豚
14.koala n. 树袋熊;考拉
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.species n. 物种
2.habitat n. (动植物的)生活环境;栖息地
3.pressure n. 压力;要求
4.remind vt. 提醒;使想起
5.shoot vt.& vi.(shot,shot) 射杀;射伤;发射
6.profit n. 利润;利益
7.attack n.,vi.& vt. 攻击;抨击
8.remove vt. 去除;移开;脱去;免职
9.goods n. 商品;货物
10.creature n. 生物;动物
11.deer n. 鹿
12.due adj. 由于;因为
13.insect n. 昆虫
14.neighbourhood n. 临近的地方;街区
15.stir vt. 激发;搅动
16.skin n. 皮;皮肤
17.unusual adj. 特别的;不寻常的
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.mass adj.大量的;广泛的n.大量;堆;群
①mass production　　　　 大量生产
②a mass of people 一群人
③a mass of information 大量的信息
2.average n.平均数;平均水平adj.平均的;正常的;普通的
①on average 平均
②the average temperature 平均温度
③an average student 普通学生
3.living adj.居住的;活的;在用的n.生活;生计
①a living creature 活物
②a living space 居住空间
③make a living 谋生
4.measure n.措施;方法vt.测量;度量;估量;(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为……
①take measures 采取措施
②measure the distance 测量距离
5.reserve n.(动植物)保护区;储藏(量)vt.预订;预留;保留
①the wildlife reserve 野生动物保护区
②food reserve 食品储藏
③reserve a table 预订一张桌子
④reserve one’s opinion 保留某人的意见
6.plain n.平原adj.简单明了的;直率的;平凡的
①a vast plain 辽阔的平原
②a plain explanation 简单明了的解释
7.net n.=Internet网adj.净得的;纯的
①a fishing net 渔网
②a net profit 净利润
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.illegal adj.　　　　 不合法的;非法的
illegally adv. 不合法地;非法地
legal adj. 合法的;法律的
2.hunt vt.& vi. 打猎;搜寻;追捕
hunter n. 猎人;搜寻者
3.immediately adv. 立刻
immediate adj. 直接的;立即的
4.alarm vt. 使惊恐;使害怕;使担心
n. 恐慌;警报;警报器
alarming adj. 惊人的;使人惊恐的
alarmed adj. 担心;害怕;有警报装置的
5.rate n. 速度;(比)率
vt. 划分等级
rating n. 等级;级别
6.extinct adj. 已灭绝的
extinction n. 灭绝
7.aware adj. 知道;发觉;有……意识的
unaware adj. 不知道的;没意识的
awareness n. 意识;认识
8.endanger vt. 使遭受危险;危害
danger n. 危险
dangerous adj. 危险的
endangered adj. 濒危的
[敲黑板]endanger是由前缀en-+danger演变而来。
9.concern vt. 涉及;让……担忧;与……有关
n. 担心,忧虑;关心
concerned adj. 担心的;关切的;感兴趣的
unconcerned adj. 冷淡的;不关心的
concerning prep. 关于;涉及
10.adapt vi. 适应
vt. 使适应;使适合;改编;改写
adaptation n. 适应;改编本;改写本
adaptable adj. 有适应能力的;能适应的
11.observe vt. 观察(到);注视;遵守;庆祝;说话;评论
observation n. 观察
12.beauty n. 美;美人;美好的东西
beautiful adj. 美丽的;美好的
beautify vt. 美化
13.effective adj. 有效的;生效的
effect n. 效果;影响
14.recover vi. 恢复;康复
vt. 找回;寻回
recovery n. 恢复
15.intend vi.& vt. 打算;计划;想要
intention n. 用意;目的;意图
intentional adj. 故意的;存心的
intentionally adv. 故意地
unintentionally adv.无意地
16.threat n. 威胁
threaten vt. 威胁;危及
[敲黑板]threat变动词时加后缀-en。
17.exist vi. 存在;生存
existence n. 存在;生存
existing adj 现存的;现行的
18.harmony n. 和谐;融洽
harmonious adj. 和谐的
19.reduce vt. 减少;缩小;降低;使陷入(更坏的)境地;使沦落
reduction n. 缩减;减少
20.emotion n. 感情;情感;情绪
emotional adj. 情感的;情绪的
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.on earth 究竟;到底
2.die out 灭亡;逐渐消失
3.aware of 意识到;知道
4.on average 平均
5.make progress 取得进步
6.concerned about 对……关切的;为……担忧的
7.adapt to 适应
8.under pressure 在压力下;承受压力
9.make out 看清;听清;分清
10.remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起(类似的人或物)
11.watch over 保护;照管;监督
12.day and night 日日夜夜;夜以继日
13.due to 由于;因为
14.search for 搜索;查找
15.stir up 激起
(二)主题词块
1.a herd of graceful animals 一群体形优美的动物
2.make profits 获利
3.save this species from extinction 拯救这个物种免于灭绝
4.endangered species 濒危物种
5.in harmony with... 与……和谐相处
6.protect these beautiful creatures 保护这些美丽的生物
7.make a poster 制作一张海报
8.cut down 砍倒;削减
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Elephants need large living spaces,so it’s difficult for them to adapt to the changes.(It+be+adj.+for sb+to do sth)
大象需要广阔的生活空间,因此对它们来说适应这些变化很难。
2.This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.(This is why...)
这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。
3.Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.(“only+状语”置于句首,主句用部分倒装)
只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
4.When it comes to wildlife protection,all species—the good,the bad,and the ugly—should be treated equally.(When it comes to...)
当涉及野生动物保护时,所有物种——好的、坏的和丑的——都应该得到平等的对待。
5.To our left,snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.(环境描写)
在我们的左方,白雪皑皑的群山消失在似乎触手可及的云层中。
构词法日积月累
前缀re-有两重含义:“重,又,再”和“回,返回”。 re-(重,又,再)+mind (思想)→使重新出现在脑海里→remind提醒;使想起 re-(回,返回)+move (移动)→往回移动→remove去除;移开
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.poster n.海报
2.prince n.王子;王孙;亲王
3.authority n.官方;当权;权威
4.whale n.鲸
5.herd n.牧群;兽群
6.fur n.毛(皮);毛皮衣服
7.sacred adj.神圣的;受尊敬的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.mass adj.大量的;广泛的 n.大量;堆;群
2.average n.平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的
3.living adj.居住的;活的;在用的 n.生活;生计
4.measure n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量;(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为……
5.pressure n.压力;要求
6.reserve n.(动植物)保护区;储藏(量) vt.预订;预留;保留
7.remind vt.提醒;使想起
8.shoot vt.& vi.(shot,shot)射杀;射伤;发射
9.attack n.,vi.& vt.攻击;抨击
10.remove vt.去除;移开;脱去;免职
11.skin n.皮;皮肤
12.unusual adj.特别的;不寻常的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.legal adj.合法的;法律的→illegal adj.不合法的;非法的→illegally adv.不合法地;非法地
2.immediate adj.直接的;立即的→immediately adv.立刻
3.alarm vt.使惊恐;使害怕;使担心 n.恐慌;警报;警报器→alarmed adj.担心;害怕;有警报装置的→alarming adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的
4.danger n.危险→dangerous adj.危险的→endanger vt.使遭受危险;危害→endangered adj.濒危的
5.concern vt.涉及;让……担忧;与……有关n.担心,忧虑;关心→concerned adj.担心的;关切的;感兴趣的→unconcerned adj.冷淡的;不关心的→concerning prep.关于;涉及
6.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编;改写→adaptation n.适应;改编本;改写本→adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的
7.observe vt.观察(到);注视;遵守;庆祝;说话;评论→observation n.观察
8.beauty n.美;美人;美好的东西→beautiful adj.美丽的;美好的→beautify vt.美化
9.effect n.效果;影响→effective adj.有效的;生效的
10.recover vi.恢复;康复 vt.找回;寻回→recovery n.恢复
11.threat n.威胁→threaten vt.威胁;危及
12.exist vi.存在;生存→existence n.存在;生存→existing adj.现存的;现行的
13.harmony n.和谐;融洽→harmonious adj.和谐的
Ⅳ.重点短语
1.die out 灭亡;逐渐消失
2.on average 平均
3.make progress 取得进步
4.adapt to 适应
5.remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起(类似的人或物)
6.on earth 究竟;到底
7.aware of 意识到;知道
8.concerned about 对……关切的;为……担忧的
9.under pressure 在压力下;承受压力
10.make out 看清;听清;分清
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。
2.Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
3.When it comes to wildlife protection,all species—the good,the bad,and the ugly—should be treated equally.
当涉及野生动物保护时,所有物种——好的、坏的和丑的——都应该得到平等的对待。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.During times of mass (大量的;大规模的) unemployment,there’s a pool of cheap labour for employers to draw from.
2.Changbaishan is not only a famous tourist attraction but also one of China’s most ecologically significant nature reserves (保护区).
3.The economic downturn has seen people struggle with the basic costs of day-to-day living (生计).
4.If you are exposed to the sunlight for too long in hot summer,your skin (皮肤) will get badly hurt.
5.Alarmed at the air quality,the government decided to take some measures to prevent it from getting worse.
6.I am planning to learn kung fu so that I can defend myself against being attacked.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
adapt;concern;danger;effect;exist;intend;alarm;recover
1.The alarming news about the upcoming storm made people prepare for the worst,even though it was still far away.
2.The rapid deforestation endangers many species of animals,threatening their habitats and food sources.
3.The parents were concerned about their child’s future and began to look for better educational opportunities.
4.The film’s adaptation of historical events provided a fresh perspective on the past,bringing new insights to viewers.
5.Using flashcards was an effective way for me to remember important words for the language exam.
6.After the long illness,his recovery was slow,but he gradually regained his strength with the help of physical exercise.
7.His intention to attend the summer camp was to improve his English skills and make new friends.
8.The existing textbooks don’t cover the latest developments in science,so the school is planning to update them.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
die out;adapt to;make out;make progress;aware of;watch over;on average;search for
1.The guards were originally hired to watch over the houses as they were being built.
2.Just by clicking the buttons,we can work,study,chat online,play games,watch movies,search for information and so on.
3.As the saying goes,“Modesty helps one make progress while conceit makes one lag behind.”
4.He is sort of addicted to running and runs on average about 15 miles a day.
5.Moving to a new country can be difficult,but people quickly adapt to the local culture by learning the language and customs.
6.As I looked through the fog,I could barely make out the shape of the building ahead.
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
1.I want you to participate in the volleyball match next Monday,and this is why I’m writing to you.(邀请信;This is why...)
我想请你参加下周一进行的排球赛,这是我给你写信的原因。
2.When it comes to how to protect traditional Chinese culture,the students hold different points of view.(观点态度;When it comes to...)
当谈到如何保护中国传统文化时,学生们持有不同的观点。
3.Only when you have a better understanding of Chinese table manners can you behave properly.(建议信;“only+状语”置于句首,主句用部分倒装)
只有当你更了解中国的餐桌礼仪时,你才能表现得体。
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
When it comes to wildlife protection,many animals are in danger of 1.dying (die) out due to habitat loss and pollution.The 2.alarming (alarm) rate at which species are becoming extinct is worrying.3.On average,animals lose their habitat faster than they can adapt to new environments.This is 4.why people are concerned about the future of wildlife.We need to take measures 5.to protect (protect) their habitats and prevent further mass destruction.If we don’t act soon,the situation will only get worse,and more species will be endangered.
Passage 2
In the wildlife reserve,animals such as elephants walk freely across the plains.Keepers observe them day and night,1.making (make) sure no one shoots them for profit.The reserve is 2.effective (effect) in protecting the animals,allowing them to recover 3.from years of hunting.Due to the efforts of the keepers,the number of 4.endangered (endanger) species has been reduced.The harmony between nature and humans is essential for animals to continue 5.existing/to exist (exist).
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
1.aware adj.知道;发觉;有……意识的(unaware adj.不知道的;没意识的awareness n.意识;认识)
佳句背诵　
I appeal to the government to launch more environment-friendly campaigns to arouse people’s awareness of living a low-carbon life.(倡议书)
我呼吁政府发起更多的环保运动以唤起人们过低碳生活的意识。
以练促学　语块填空
①Aware of (意识到) all the people staring at me with curious eyes,I was so nervous that my cheeks turned bright red.
②World Oceans Day,falling on June 8th,is aimed at raising awareness (提高意识) of ocean conservation.
用法归纳
·be/become aware of sth/that... 知道/明白……;意识到……
·arouse/raise one’s awareness of... 唤起/提高某人……的意识
教考衔接　单句写作
③By raising people’s awareness and offering support,your plan could make a difference in breaking down barriers.(建议信;2025·北京卷)
通过提高人们的认知并提供支持,你们的计划或许能在打破障碍方面发挥作用。
2.concern vt.涉及;让……担忧;与……有关 n.担心,忧虑;关心(concerned adj.担心的;关切的;感兴趣的 unconcerned adj.冷淡的;不关心的concerning prep.关于;涉及)
佳句背诵　
When Jamie noticed that his classmate looked sad during lunch,he showed concern for her by asking if everything was okay.(动作描写)
午餐时杰米注意到他的同学很难过,便关心地问她是否一切都好。
以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级
①The authorities concerned are deeply concerned about the issue concerning education reform.(concern)
②The meeting was concerned with reforms and everyone was concerned for/about their own interests.
③In my opinion,we must get fully prepared and practice hard in order to perform well in the match.As far as I’m concerned
用法归纳
·as far as...be concerned　 就……而言
be concerned about/for 对……担心/关心
be concerned with 与……有关;关注
·show/express concern for/about 对……表示关心
教考衔接　单句写作
④His smile gave way to a look of concern.An embarrassing silence fell between us.(神态描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
他的笑容被担心的表情取代。我们之间陷入了一阵尴尬的沉默。
[点津]　concerned作前置定语时,意为“关心的;担忧的”;作后置定语时,意为“有关的;相关的”。
3.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编;改写(adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的 adaptation n.改编本;改写本;适应)
佳句背诵　
The famous novel was adapted for the stage,bringing the characters to life in a vivid performance.(文学评论)
这部著名小说被改编为舞台剧,以生动的表演将角色栩栩如生地呈现出来。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①It is a TV adaptation (adapt) of the Chinese literary classic,Dream of the Red Chamber,which is performed by a group of children aged 6 to 12.
②I do hope that you can adapt (yourself) to the new school as soon as possible and lead a happy life.(表达祝愿)
我真的希望你能尽快适应新学校,过上愉快的生活。
用法归纳
adapt (oneself) to　 (使……)适应于
adapt sth from 根据……改编某物
be adapted for 为……而改写/改编
教考衔接　单句语法填空/单句写作
③Variety in diet and toys,travel,and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable (adapt) to change.(2024·1月九省联考)
④I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play (that/which is) adapted from our English text.(求助信;全国Ⅲ卷)
我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。
片段巩固
用aware;concern;adapt完成野生动植物保护的续写片段
写作提示:我意识到野生动物面临的威胁→父母担心濒危物种的未来→我们决定适应新的生活方式→以更加环保
I was aware of the threats to wildlife,and my parents were concerned about/for the future of endangered species.To make a difference,we decide to adapt to new lifestyles to be more environmentally friendly.
4.measure vt.测量;度量;估量;(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为…… n.措施;方法
佳句背诵　
In my opinion,success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.(主旨升华)
在我看来,衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱,而在于如何理解人生真正的意义。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The room measuring (measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in.
②Holding the skirt made to my measure,I threw myself into my mother’s arms,tears of happiness welling up in my eyes.(动作+情绪描写)
拿着为我量身定做的裙子,我扑进妈妈的怀里,眼中涌出幸福的泪水。
用法归纳
·measure...by...　　　　 用……来度量……
·make...to sb’s measure 给某人量身定做……
take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
教考衔接　单句写作
③China has also taken active measures to protect the environment and promote sustainable development.(2024·北京卷)
中国也积极采取措施,保护环境,促进可持续发展。
[点津]　
①measure用作“措施”时,常用其复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时,后跟测量的结果,不用于被动语态及进行时态。
5.remind vt.提醒;使想起
佳句背诵　
The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China,which always reminds us of the family reunion.(节日介绍)
春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一,它总是让我们想到家庭的团聚。
以练促学　一句多译
①这张海报提醒我们必须立即采取措施保护濒临灭绝的生物。
→The poster reminds us that we must take immediate measures to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb that...)
→The poster reminds us to take immediate measures to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb to do sth)
用法归纳
remind sb of sb/sth　 使某人想起(类似的人或物)
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb that... 提醒某人……
教考衔接　单句写作
②It reminded me of the importance of observing and capturing moments of beauty in our surroundings.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这让我想起了在我们周围观察和捕捉美好时刻的重要性。
[点津]　“动词+sb+of sth”短语还有:
cure sb of sth　　　 治好某人(的某种病)
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
6.intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要(intention n.用意;目的;意图intentional adj.故意的;存心的intentionally adv.故意地unintentionally adv.无意地)
佳句背诵　
Mrs.Thompson intends her son to apply to several universities overseas to broaden his academic and cultural horizons.(人物描写)
汤普森太太打算让她的儿子申请几所海外大学,以拓宽他的学术视野和文化视野。
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①My parents had intended (intend) to buy a new truck but couldn’t afford it.
②The grammar book which is intended (intend) for English beginners is extremely popular.
③我们学校组织了一场五公里的越野跑比赛,目的是增强我们的体力和脑力。
→Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race with the intention of improving our physical and mental strength.(intention)
→Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race,which was intended to improve our physical and mental strength.(定语从句)
用法归纳
·intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事,计划做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth (=intended to have done sth) 本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
be intended for 专门为……准备/打算;专为……而设计
be intended to do sth 打算做某事
·with the intention of 目的是……
教考衔接　单句语法填空/语段训练
④Well intended (intend) though it was,I do think there exists some inappropriateness,which I feel obliged to point out.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
⑤I am writing to express my concern about the upcoming spoken English program.As you said,you intend having/to have us randomly matched in pairs.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我写信是想表达对即将进行的英语口语项目的担忧。正如您所说,您打算让我们随机配对。
7.exist vi.存在;生存(existence n.存在;生存 existing adj.现行的;现存的)
佳句背诵　
There exist ups and downs in our life,but whatever happens,we can always exist on love and hope.(主旨升华)
我们的生活有起有落,但无论发生什么,我们都可以依靠爱和希望生活。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The garden came into existence (exist) through the efforts of local residents,who aimed to provide a green space for urban farming.
②Despite the existing challenges,the team remains optimistic about their project’s success.(心理描写)
尽管现存诸多挑战,团队对其项目的成功仍旧乐观。
用法归纳
·exist in=lie in/consist in 存在于……
exist on=live on 靠……生存/存活
There exist(s)... 某地有……;存在……
·come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在
教考衔接　单句写作
③Throughout the event,I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in the world and learned about some plants that are used for medical purposes.(活动介绍;2023·浙江1月卷)
在这次活动中,我为世界上存在的植物种类的多样性所震撼,还认识到了一些用于医疗目的的植物。
片段巩固
用measure;remind;intend;exist完成保护野生动物的续写片段
写作提示:避免野生动物误食塑料→采取了减少塑料使用的措施→老师提醒我们多回收→她打算向我们展示动物如何在自然中生存以及我们如何提供帮助
To protect wildlife from swallowing plastic by mistake,we took measures to reduce our plastic use.The teacher reminded us to recycle more,as she intended to show us how animals exist in nature and how we can help.
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
1.remove
A.vt.去除　B.vt.移开;拿走　C.vt.脱去　D.vt.免职;开除
①In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters,researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.(2025·全国一卷)A
②He quickly removed his jacket because it was too hot outside,and he needed to cool down.C
③The coach decided to remove the player from the team after repeated violations of team rules.D
④I noticed the chair was in the way,so I decided to remove it to make more space for everyone.B
2.due
A.adj.由于;因为　B.adj.应付的　C.adj.预期的　D.adj.到期的
①The rent of the house is due on the first day of each month.B
②She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.C
③The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.D
④I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm,my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A
3.rate
A.n.速度　B.n.(比)率　C.n.价格;费用　D.vt.划分等级　E.vt.评估;评价
①In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people,among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.(2025·全国一卷)B
②The students were rated according to their participation in class discussions and projects.D
③She could feel her heart beating at a fast rate as she approached the stage.A
④The rate for the hotel room was higher than expected,but the excellent service and comfortable bed made it worth the cost.C
⑤The teacher rated my essay highly,praising its clear structure and well-researched points.E
4.alarm
A.vt.使惊恐;使害怕　B.vt.使担心　C.n.警报 D.n.警报器
①When the alarm went off,everyone in the house woke up immediately.The unexpected storm alarmed the residents,making them feel uneasy.D、A
②The sudden change in his health alarmed his family,and they immediately took him to the hospital for a check-up.B
③The school has a fire alarm system that ensures everyone’s safety during emergencies.C
5.mass
A.adj.大量的;广泛的　B.n.大量　C.n.堆　D.n.群
①There was a mass of students gathering in the schoolyard for the morning assembly.The mass participation in the event showed how much everyone cared.B、A
②The teacher noticed a mass of books piled up in the corner of the classroom.C
③In the wild,a mass of sheep grazed peacefully,their white wool contrasting with the green grass.D
6.observe
A.vt.观察(到);注视　B.vt.遵守　C.vt.庆祝
①You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)A
②At school,everyone is expected to observe the rules to maintain a respectful and safe environment.B
③The school observed Earth Day by organizing a tree-planting event,encouraging students to participate in protecting the environment.C
7.I really appreciate your help because I have profited from your advice.v.受益
8.To be frank,the children I teach are of average intelligence.adj.一般的
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词 法 否定前缀il-,im-,ir-:il-加在字母l之前;im-加在字母m,p,b之前;ir-加在以r开头的词前
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Having a poor sense of direction,Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.(2024·浙江1月卷)adj.不可能的
2.It was illogical to think that skipping classes would help improve my grades,but I tried it anyway and quickly realized my mistake.adj.不合逻辑的
3.His impolite comment caused tension between them for the rest of the day.adj.不礼貌的
4.Her irregular studying habits caused her to struggle during exams,as she wasn’t fully prepared.adj.不规律的
5.His irresponsible decision to skip school made his parents very upset,as it affected his grades.adj.不负责任的
No.3　练透写作常用句式
句型公式:“only+状语”置于句首的部分倒装
课本原句:Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
佳句背诵　
In the process,only by emerging yourself in Chinese conditions will you get the hang of the language and its essence.(建议信)
在这个过程中,只有融入中国的环境,你才能掌握语言的窍门和精髓。
以练促学　单句写作
①Only when/if you come to China can you truly experience Chinese food culture.(建议信)
你只有来到中国,才能真正体验中国的饮食文化。
②Only then did I find that it was with bravery and determination that we can conquer all the difficulties.(主旨升华)
直到那时我才发现,正是凭借勇敢和决心我们才能克服一切困难。
用法归纳
在英语句子中,为了表示强调,把“only+状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”置于句首,主句要用部分倒装结构,即“Only+状语+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+其他”。
教考衔接　语段训练
③From then on,I would try my best to help others like Gunter.Only in this way could more and more people help each other in the future.(主旨升华;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
从那时起,我会尽我最大的努力去帮助别人,就像冈特一样。只有这样,将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。
[点津]　当only修饰状语不位于句首,或位于句首的only修饰的不是状语而是主语时,句子不倒装。
维度一　单元知识运用
1.Only then did (do) I realize the importance of adapting myself (I) to new environments.
2.He was concerned (concern) about his friend’s health,thinking about it constantly.
3.We must take immediate and effective measures to conserve (conserve) water in our daily lives.
4.He reminded his sister to bring (bring) her umbrella because the weather forecast had predicted heavy rain throughout the day.
5.The teacher intends students to complete (complete) their projects by Friday,and the scores will be averaged (average).
6.The new community center came into existence (exist) last year,providing many services to residents.
7.The traffic was unusually heavy this morning,and this is why I was late for the important meeting.
8.She is fully aware of the importance of regular exercise for maintaining good health.
9.When it comes to cooking,she is an expert who can create delicious and nutritious meals at home.
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.Illegal hunting threatens wildlife (非法狩猎威胁到野生动物) and many animals are 2.endangered (濒危的).The situation is 3.immediately stirring up concerns (立即引起关注) about their future.4.To protect endangered species (为了保护濒危的物种),we must prevent further harm and 5.watch over their habitats day and night (日日夜夜地保护它们的栖息地).We are 6.searching for solutions (寻找解决方案) to help 7.prevent these animals from dying out (防止这些动物灭绝).
维度三　单元话题写作(邀请信——参观野生动物保护摄影展)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
假定你是某国际中学的学生李华,你市图书馆将于下周五举办一场野生动物保护摄影展。请你给美国交换生Nick写一封邮件,邀请他一同前去,内容包括:1.写信目的;2.介绍展览的具体信息:时间、地点和内容;3.期待回复。
Dear Nick,
I’m writing to invite you to join me for a wildlife protection photo exhibition at our city library next Friday.
1.With the intention of raising people’s awareness of wildlife protection (为提高人们对野生动物保护的认识),the exhibition features wonderful photographs showing various 2.endangered species and their habitats (濒危物种及其栖息地).And importantly,3.it will be a great chance for us to learn more about wildlife protection (这将是一个很好的机会,让我们更多地了解野生动物保护) and encourage others to 4.take immediate measures (立即采取措施) for a better world where we humans and animals could 5.exist in harmony (和谐共处).
Please inform me if you’re interested and available on Friday morning.Anticipating your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Ⅰ.语料积累——情感细节描写:焦虑&担忧&不耐烦
单 词 1.anxious adj. 焦虑的;担心的 2.anxiously adv. 焦虑地 3.anxiety n. 焦虑;忧虑 4.worried adj. 担心的;发愁的 5.worrying adj. 令人担心的 6.worry vt. 使忧虑;使担心 n. 担心;忧虑 7.helpless/hopeless adj. 无助的/无望的 8.helplessness/hopelessness n. 无助/绝望
词 块 1.with a heavy heart 怀着沉重的心情 2.stop worrying 不再担心 3.grow increasingly concerned 越来越担心 4.be filled with anxiety 充满了焦虑 5.be worried/concerned about... 担心…… 6.the anxiety grows 焦虑感增强 7.tap one’s foot impatiently 不耐烦地点着脚 8.a feeling of anxiety and concern 焦虑而担忧的感觉 9.decline one’s head in despair 垂头丧气 10.abandon oneself to helplessness 陷入无助 11.be reduced to tears 伤心落泪 12.heart torn with despair 绝望得撕心裂肺
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart,I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.(介词短语)
怀着沉重的心情走出车站,我突然感到一阵清风吹在脸上。
2.I was a little nervous at first,but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.(stop)
起初我有点儿紧张,但是大家都那么善良友好,我很快便不再担心了。
3.Fog beginning to creep into the forest,I grew increasingly concerned.(主系表结构)
雾开始悄悄进入森林,我越来越担心。
4.Filled with anxiety,he froze there helpless,frowning.(过去分词短语作状语)
他充满了焦虑,无助地站在那里,皱着眉头。
5.Worried/Concerned about the journey,I was unsettled for the first few days.(形容词短语作状语)
由于担心这次旅行,头几天我心神不宁。
(Ⅱ)补全语段
As the clock ticked closer to 3 PM,1.Emma’s anxiety grew (Emma的焦虑感增强;anxiety).Today was the day of her big presentation in history class,and 2.she worried (她担心;worry) she hadn’t prepared enough.Her hands felt clammy and 3.her thoughts scattered (她思绪纷乱;scatter).Despite her friends’ promise,Emma couldn’t help but feel nervous.4.She tapped her foot impatiently (不耐烦地点着脚;tap),watching as classmates confidently delivered their speeches.Emma took deep breaths to calm her nerves,reminding herself she knew the material.But the butterflies in her stomach only seemed to flutter faster as her name was finally called.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2025·全国一卷阅读D)
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans.
Now,new research suggests that a simple,cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头):boiling and filtering (过滤) it.In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters,researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally,the research didn’t include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake.“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,”Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research,tells New Scientist.“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料污染的普遍性及其对人类健康的潜在威胁,并提出了一种简单且经济的方法——煮沸和过滤自来水——来减少饮用水中的微塑料含量。研究还指出,水的硬度(碳酸钙含量)是影响该方法效果的关键因素。文章强调微塑料污染问题的严峻性,并呼吁进一步升级饮用水处理厂,以应对微塑料污染问题。
32.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
A.By quoting an expert.
B.By defining a concept.
C.By giving examples.
D.By providing statistics.
答案　C　[写作手法题。根据第一段中的“...they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow...even appearing inside humans”可知,第一段通过列举微塑料出现在深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃、南极雪中,甚至人体中的例子,说明其污染的普遍性和严重性,因此 C 项正确。]
33.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A.The hardness of water.
B.The length of cooling time.
C.The frequency of filtering.
D.The type of plastic in water.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...boiling hard water containing...an almost 90 percent drop in plastics...boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent”可知,煮沸硬水(含 300 毫克碳酸钙)可减少近 90%的微塑料,而煮沸低碳酸钙含量的水仅减少 25%的微塑料。由此可知,水的硬度(即碳酸钙含量)直接决定去除微塑料的有效性,因此 A 项正确。]
34.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4
A.The importance of plastic recycling.
B.The severity of the microplastic problem.
C.The danger in overusing pure water.
D.The difficulty in treating polluted water.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Even bottled water...contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.”可知,作者提到瓶装水,旨在强调微塑料污染的严重性,因此 B 项正确。]
35.What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about
A.Choice of new research methods.
B.Possible direction for further study.
C.Need to involve more researchers.
D.Potential application of the findings.
答案　D　[推理判断题。最后一段中“Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay”提到,通过煮沸水去除微塑料的方法非常好,随后提到“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”可知,Gauchotte-Lindsay 建议升级饮用水处理厂以去除微塑料,这是这项发现的潜在应用,是将研究发现用于解决实际问题,因此 D 项正确。B 项为易错选项,further study 是研究层面,而对饮用水处理厂进行升级是一种落地的举措,故 B 项错误。]
Step 1　理清行文脉络
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.v.收集,吸收
2.Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.adj.瓶装的
3.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake.n.吸入量,摄入量
4.Additionally,the research didn’t include all types of plastics...other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.n.化学物质
5.Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.n.微塑料
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
(2026·湖北省部分重点中学高三第二次联考)
A Chinese student studying in the UK shared a heartwarming story online about her tutor who quit her job to pursue a unique mission:knitting sweaters for penguins in Antarctica.The tutor’s email reply to the student read,“Thank you for your email.I have left to pursue my dream of making sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics.I will be out of office on a permanent,indefinite,open-ended basis until my penguin friends are happy.”
This act of kindness is part of a larger charity initiative that began after a major oil spill near Phillip Island,Australia,in the late 1990s.The spill severely affected the local penguin population,leading to a decline in their numbers and health over the following breeding seasons.When little penguins become oiled,they will try to clean the poisonous oil from their feathers with their beaks(喙),and ingesting it can kill them.It also damages their delicate feathers,which exposes their skin to extreme temperatures and they are left cold,heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food.
In response to such incidents,the Penguin Foundation and Phillip Island Nature Parks launched a campaign urging knitting enthusiasts worldwide to knit sweaters for the affected penguins.These sweaters serve a dual purpose:They provide temporary warmth and prevent the penguins from reaching their oily feathers with their beaks.The last significant oil spill around Phillip Island occurred in 2001,affecting 438 little penguins.With the help of these sweaters,96% of them were successfully rescued and released back into the wild.
The penguin jumper program has been running for over 20 years,and during this time,more than 200,000 sweaters have been knitted for penguins by generous knitters across the globe.
While some argue that the sweaters could potentially add extra pressure to the penguins’ bodies or cause them to overheat,the Penguin Foundation explains that the sweaters are used temporarily to keep penguins warm before their bodies are washed and feathers recover.Besides,penguins need sweaters made of all wool,only those sweaters that meet the standard for wear can be received by the Penguin Foundation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以一名教师辞职去给南极洲企鹅编织毛衣的事例引出对一项慈善活动的介绍,该活动呼吁全世界的针织爱好者为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅编织羊毛毛衣。
1.Why did the tutor quit her job
A.She was more attracted to knitting.
B.She decided to protect penguins in Antarctica.
C.She was dissatisfied with the School of Economics.
D.She was offered a position at the Penguin Foundation.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“her tutor who quit her job to pursue a unique mission:knitting sweaters for penguins in Antarctica”可知,该教师辞职是为了给南极洲企鹅编织毛衣;再结合第三段的“These sweaters serve a dual purpose:They provide temporary warmth and prevent the penguins from reaching their oily feathers with their beaks.”可知,毛衣可以为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅提供暂时的温暖,并防止企鹅用喙接触沾满石油的羽毛。由此可知,该教师辞职实质上是为了保护南极洲企鹅。]
2.What does the underlined word “ingesting” mean in paragraph 2
A.Taking in. B.Feeding on.
C.Breathing in. D.Sweeping away.
答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“When little penguins become oiled,they will try to clean the poisonous oil from their feathers with their beaks(喙)”可知,当小企鹅被石油污染时,它们会试图用喙清理羽毛上的有毒石油。画线词后的it指代前文的“the poisonous oil”,再结合常识可知,此处表示有毒石油会通过喙被吞入体内,从而可能杀死这些小企鹅,故画线词的意思与A项“吞入(体内)”最为接近。B项“以……为食”;C项“吸入”;D项“消灭”。]
3.What harm will the oil spill cause for the penguins
A.It will make them overheated.
B.It will pose a threat to their survival.
C.It will make them more visible to the hunters.
D.It will make them fat and unhealthy.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“When little penguins become oiled...they are left cold,heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food.”可知,被石油污染后的企鹅会试图用喙清理羽毛上的有毒石油,而吞入有毒石油可能会杀死它们;有毒石油还会损害企鹅脆弱的羽毛,使它们的皮肤暴露在极端温度下,它们会变得又冷又重,无法游泳或觅食。由此可知,石油泄漏会对企鹅的生存构成威胁,故选B。]
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the article
A.Antarctic Penguins:A Call for Sweaters
B.Knitting for Conservation:A Global Issue
C.Antarctic Oil Spills:A Disaster on Penguins
D.Warmth in Every Stitch:Sweaters for Oiled Penguins
答案　D　[标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅编织毛衣的活动,故D项“每一针的温暖:为被石油污染的企鹅准备的毛衣”最适合作本文标题。]
(2026·郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)
Duncan Jurman became interested in butterflies when he was around 5 years old.He noticed a couple of caterpillars (毛虫) in his backyard and was attracted by the different ways that caterpillars can disguise (伪装) themselves to stay safe in potentially dangerous surroundings.From there,he started to learn more about caterpillars and butterflies.
Jurman believes that butterflies play a crucial role in our ecosystems.They’re very low on the food web,so they support a lot of different species that rely on them.They’re an indicator species for the health of the environment.Once they disappear,everything else is soon to follow.
Jurman’s goal is to transform the landscape of Florida’s Broward County by turning a weedy suburb into a lively butterfly reserve at a time when insect populations are decreasing quickly worldwide.Jurman believes that every flower planted is a potential home and source of food for caterpillars and butterflies.He eventually developed a butterfly-friendly garden in his backyard by researching the different plants that butterflies prefer.He has already raised and released more than 5,000 butterflies from his garden.
Jurman also launched the Bring Butterflies Back campaign to educate people about butterflies and invite them to join his cause of protecting butterflies.He said that a lot of people are surprised to learn that insects are declining at such an alarming rate,largely because the decline has been so gradual.This phenomenon helps to explain why people are unwilling to take meaningful actions to save the environment.
In 2018,Jurman helped to build a butterfly garden at his high school.The garden has had a regenerative effect on the surrounding environment—birds,native lizards,and other insects have returned in great numbers.Other schools have been inspired to start gardens.“I don’t know if we can ever reach the point that we were once at with butterflies,but I think that if everyone gets involved and starts their own garden,they can make their own impact,” Jurman said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Duncan Jurman在保护蝴蝶方面的努力,包括发起“让蝴蝶回归”的运动,在他的后院开发了一个蝴蝶友好型的花园,在他的学校建立蝴蝶花园等。他还呼吁人们都参与到蝴蝶保护中来。
5.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.The food chain of insects.
B.The competition between species.
C.The potential danger to butterflies.
D.The vital role of butterflies in nature.
答案　D　[段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,首句“Jurman believes that butterflies play a crucial role in our ecosystems.”(Jurman认为蝴蝶在我们的生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色)为段落主旨句,后面内容(蝴蝶在食物网的位置很低,所以它们养活了很多依赖它们的不同物种。它们是环境健康的指示物种。一旦它们消失,其他的东西很快就会跟着消失)都是对这一句话的解释。所以本段主要讲述了蝴蝶在自然中的重要角色,故选D项。]
6.Why did Jurman create a butterfly-friendly garden
A.To teach people about butterflies.
B.To study butterflies’ favorite plants.
C.To increase the number of butterflies.
D.To improve the beauty of his backyard.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第三段可知Jurman的目标是改变佛罗里达州布劳沃德县的景观,在全世界昆虫数量迅速减少的时候,把杂草丛生的郊区变成一个生机勃勃的蝴蝶保护区。他最终在他的后院创建了一个蝴蝶友好型的花园。他已经在自己的花园里饲养并放飞了5 000多只蝴蝶。所以可以推测他创建蝴蝶友好型的花园是为了增加蝴蝶数量,故选C项。]
7.Which shows the phenomenon mentioned in the text
A.People’s unawareness of environmental changes.
B.The impact of human activities on insect habitats.
C.The rapid decline of butterfly populations worldwide.
D.The process of transforming natural landscapes into reserves.
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,Jurman说许多人发现昆虫数量正以惊人速度减少时是很惊讶的,主要是因为下降是逐渐的,这种现象帮助解释为什么人们不愿意采取重大行动保护环境。所以推断文中提到的现象是人们没有注意到自然环境的变化。故选A项。]
8.What can be inferred from Jurman’s words in the last paragraph
A.More gardens are built to increase the number of other insects.
B.Jurman is pessimistic about the future of the butterfly population.
C.It’s impossible to restore butterflies’ population to their previous levels.
D.People’s joint efforts can have a great impact on the butterfly population.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段Jurman说的话(我不知道我们能否将蝴蝶恢复到曾经繁盛的状态,但我认为,如果每个人都参与进来,开始建造自己的花园,他们就能产生自己的影响)可推知,人们的共同努力可以对蝴蝶种群产生很大的影响。故选D项。A项“更多的花园被建造来增加其他昆虫的数量”;B项“Jurman对蝴蝶种群的未来持悲观态度”;C项“要把蝴蝶的数量恢复到以前的水平是不可能的”。]
(2026·济南市高三模拟考试)
Wildlife photographer Ingo Arndt discovered his first enormous ant mound (蚁丘) as a child exploring the forest with his father near their home almost 50 years ago.They were bird-watching and came around a bend in a thickly wooded area when there it was:a five-foot-tall mound,standing upward like a large stalagmite (石笋).Arndt wanted to investigate more closely,but a very particular smell suggested he rethink that.The air felt thick and sharp,discomforting his nose.“All my life,” he says,“I could remember the smell.”
Several years later,Arndt moved to the countryside.He continued his fascination with the mounds and their armies of tiny engineers.Outfitted with a high-resolution camera,he began photographing the mounds and sharing his imagery with researchers for a scientific perspective.It turned out the mound makers were indeed special.They were red wood ants—one of the smallest of all so-called keystone species.Keystone species such as elephants and sharks are watched closely because their behaviors affect so many aspects of the ecosystem that if they disappeared,it would struggle to adapt.Researchers also explained the smell from the mound.As the insects build a nest,they generate formic acid (蚁酸),the origin of the smell,which helps to fight against enemies.
But in recent decades,the population of ants has been declining as the forests have fallen victim to logging,urbanization,and wildfires,as well as drought and higher temperatures that have become more frequent with climate change.This has led several countries across the ants’ range,including Germany,to enlist them as a protected species by law.
Today Arndt’s photos put on display that as social insects,these small ants not only form complex societies,but also cohabit with a wide variety of species,creating a mass of coexisting relationships across a variety of plant and animal species.They are also a reminder that by protecting these unnoticed creatures,we are actually protecting ourselves.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。Arndt 通过对红木蚁的研究,强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性。
9.How was Arndt’s first encounter with the ant mound
A.It reminded him of a bad experience.
B.It left him an unforgettable memory.
C.It aroused his enthusiasm for nature.
D.It inspired him to protect the forests.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘All my life,’he says,‘I could remember the smell.’”可知,Arndt对蚁丘的气味印象深刻,这次经历给他留下了难忘的记忆。故选B项。]
10.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.The wooded area.
B.The mound maker.
C.The keystone species.
D.The entire ecosystem.
答案　D　[代词指代题。根据it所在的句子可知,大象和鲨鱼等关键物种的行为影响生态系统的许多方面,以至于如果它们消失,整个生态系统将会很难适应。所以,画线代词it指的是上文提到的生态系统。故选D项。]
11.What contributed to the decrease in the number of ants
A.Their worsened habitats.
B.Their changing behavior.
C.Their severe competition.
D.Their limited population.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,近几十年来,由于森林遭到伐木、城市化、野火以及干旱和高温的影响,蚂蚁的数量持续下降,所以可知,蚂蚁数量的减少是由于森林砍伐、城市化、野火、干旱和气温升高等因素导致的栖息地恶化而引起的。故选A项。]
12.What is the text mainly intended to tell us
A.Massive lives exist on earth.
B.Tiny species count in nature.
C.Social creatures live in groups.
D.Little ants are master architects.
答案　B　[主旨大意题。结合全文,尤其是最后一段中的“They are also a reminder that by protecting these unnoticed creatures,we are actually protecting ourselves.”可知,文章通过讲述Arndt对红木蚁的研究,说明了它们是关键物种之一,对生态系统的许多方面产生影响,强调了这些微小的物种在生态系统中的重要性。故选B项。]
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2026·襄阳市高一检测)
Many people are eager to take a trip to Africa to observe wild animals there.　1　However,your experiences won’t go smoothly if you make mistakes.Here are some of the biggest mistakes visitors often make when they head into the wild in Africa.
They fail to do proper research.Not all parks are created equal.You should understand exactly what you’re booking.It’s important to do your homework on the quality of service provided by the park and the guiding team.　2　 Otherwise,you may end up regretting it.“The general rule is that you get what you pay for,” one expert suggests.
　3　While the impression is that the trip usually takes place in warm climates,the temperatures do drop from day to night,so layers (层) are key.Besides,the right colors can help you blend into (融入) the surroundings so that you don’t attract wild animals’ attention.For example,if your trip includes a bush walk,it’s important to avoid black and white.
They refuse to listen to the guides.The biggest mistake that people can make is assuming they know everything instead of listening to their professional guides.These guides have undergone necessary training that enables them to be experts in all situations that can come up in the wild.Their job is to keep visitors safe and offer them an amazing experience.　4　
They expect to see animals at every turn.Keep in mind that this is the home of wild animals—not a theme park attraction.The animals’ jobs are far from trying to entertain guests.They won’t come out to welcome you.　5　Most of the adventures of viewing wildlife will take place in the early morning and late afternoon when you can watch the animals at their most active.
A.They pack the wrong clothes.
B.They should consider weather conditions.
C.And remember to learn about your park’s standard.
D.Such journey can be extremely wonderful and exciting.
E.So you need to wait patiently to enjoy a breathtaking view.
F.All the visitors need do is sit back and follow the guides’ directions.
G.Some even try to make noises to get the attention of animals for a photo.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了游客去非洲观看野生动物时经常犯的错误。
1.D　[上文“Many people are eager to take a trip to Africa to observe wild animals there.”说明很多人想去非洲旅行看野生动物;下文“However,your experiences won’t go smoothly if you make mistakes.”说明如果犯了错误就不会顺利,D选项“Such journey can be extremely wonderful and exciting.”承接前文,指出去非洲观察野生动物,这样的旅行是极其美妙和令人兴奋的,同时与下文形成转折关系,指出如果犯了错误则经历就不会那么顺利,该选项符合语境,故选D项。]
2.C　[根据本段标题“They fail to do proper research.”以及“You should understand...and the guiding team.”可知,本段指出的错误是很多人没有做出适当的研究,因此本段建议应该清楚自己在预定什么,要对公园和导游团队的服务质量做好功课;C选项“And remember to learn about your park’s standard.”中强调了解预定的公园标准,该内容也是去野外观看野生动物前需要了解的东西,符合题意,故选C项。]
3.A　[下文“While the impression is...night,so layers (层) are key.”说明虽然觉得旅行通常发生在温暖的气候中,但从白天到晚上温度确实会有所下降,所以穿衣要有层次;A选项“They pack the wrong clothes.”陈述了游客去非洲观看野生动物时,经常打包了错误的衣服,后文围绕该选项内容进行解释说明,指出游客们应该准备合适的衣服,故选A项。]
4.F　[上文“Their job is to keep visitors safe and offer them an amazing experience.”说明导游的工作是确保游客的安全并提供一次惊人的体验;F选项“All the visitors need do is sit back and follow the guides’ directions.”强调了导游所扮演的重要角色,对前文进行总结,指出游客们应该听从导游的指示,符合题意,故选F项。]
5.E　[上文“They won’t come out to welcome you.”说明动物们不会出来欢迎你,所以后文应该指出游客们做什么。E选项“So you need to wait patiently to enjoy a breathtaking view.”与前文构成因果关系,即动物们不会主动出来欢迎游客,所以游客们需要耐心等待,才能看到令人惊叹的景色,该选项符合语境,故选E项。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.1:indefinite adj.无限期的,期限不定的;模糊不清的,不明确的　open-ended adj.无最终期限的,无时间限制的;无确定答案的　Para.2:initiative n.倡议,新方案;主动性,积极性,自发性
B Para.3:transform v.使改变外观(或性质),使改观　reserve n.(动植物)保护区;自然保护区　release v.释放,放出,放走　Para.4:campaign n.(有计划的)活动,运动　Para.5:regenerative adj.有再生作用的,有再造能力的
C Para.2:perspective n.态度,观点,思考方法　generate v.产生,引起
核心短语 B Para.2:play a role in在……中扮演角色/发挥作用　Para.5:have an effect on对……有影响
C Para.2:armies of大批的,大量的　Para.3:fall victim to成为……的牺牲品/受害者
熟词生义 C outfit(Para.2)常用义:n.全套服装　文章义:v.装备,配置设备 例句:The stylist outfitted the movie stars in designer gowns for the red carpet event. 造型师为电影明星配备了设计师礼服,以供走红毯。
难句分析 C Today Arndt’s photos put on display .(Para.4) 译文:如今,Arndt提供的照片展示了这些小蚂蚁作为社会昆虫,不仅形成了复杂的社会结构,而且它们还与各种物种共同生活,形成了跨越多种植物和动物物种的共生关系网络。(共169张PPT)
UNIT 2　WILDLIFE PROTECTION
必修第二册
主题语境:人与动植物
词句识记 体系构建
内
容
索
引
默写检测 盘点验收
核心突破 锤炼提升
能力考查 素养达标
读写培优 教考协同
课时作业
词句识记 体系构建
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.poster n.　　 海报
2.shark n. 鲨鱼
3.fin n. (鱼的)鳍
4.prince n. 王子;王孙;亲王
5.authority n. 官方;当权;权威
6.whale n. 鲸
7.antelope n. 羚;羚类动物
8.herd n. 牧群;兽群
9.fur n. 毛(皮);毛皮衣服
10.sacred adj. 神圣的;受尊敬的
11.kangaroo n. 袋鼠
12.binoculars n. 双筒望远镜
13.dolphin n. 海豚
14.koala n. 树袋熊;考拉
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.species n. 物种
2.habitat n. (动植物的)生活环境;栖息地
3.pressure n. 压力;要求
4.remind vt. 提醒;使想起
5.shoot vt.& vi.(shot,shot) 射杀;射伤;发射
6.profit n. 利润;利益
7.attack n.,vi.& vt. 攻击;抨击
9.goods n. 商品;货物
10.creature n. 生物;动物
11.deer n. 鹿
12.due adj. 由于;因为
13.insect n. 昆虫
14.neighbourhood n. 临近的地方;街区
15.stir vt. 激发;搅动
16.skin n. 皮;皮肤
17.unusual adj. 特别的;不寻常的
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.mass adj.大量的;广泛的n.大量;堆;群
①mass production　　　　 大量生产
②a mass of people 一群人
③a mass of information 大量的信息
2.average n.平均数;平均水平adj.平均的;正常的;普通的
①on average 平均
②the average temperature 平均温度
③an average student 普通学生
3.living adj.居住的;活的;在用的n.生活;生计
①a living creature 活物
②a living space 居住空间
③make a living 谋生
4.measure n.措施;方法vt.测量;度量;估量;(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为……
①take measures 采取措施
②measure the distance 测量距离
5.reserve n.(动植物)保护区;储藏(量)vt.预订;预留;保留
①the wildlife reserve 野生动物保护区
②food reserve 食品储藏
③reserve a table 预订一张桌子
④reserve one’s opinion 保留某人的意见
6.plain n.平原adj.简单明了的;直率的;平凡的
①a vast plain 辽阔的平原
②a plain explanation 简单明了的解释
7.net n.=Internet网adj.净得的;纯的
①a fishing net 渔网
②a net profit 净利润
Ⅳ.派生单词
8.endanger vt. 使遭受危险;危害
danger n. 危险
dangerous adj. 危险的
endangered adj. 濒危的
[敲黑板]endanger是由前缀en-+danger演变而来。
16.threat n. 威胁
threaten vt. 威胁;危及
[敲黑板]threat变动词时加后缀-en。
17.exist vi. 存在;生存
existence n. 存在;生存
existing adj 现存的;现行的
18.harmony n. 和谐;融洽
harmonious adj. 和谐的
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.on earth 究竟;到底
2.die out 灭亡;逐渐消失
3.aware of 意识到;知道
4.on average 平均
5.make progress 取得进步
6.concerned about 对……关切的;为……担忧的
7.adapt to 适应
8.under pressure 在压力下;承受压力
9.make out 看清;听清;分清
10.remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起(类似的人或物)
11.watch over 保护;照管;监督
12.day and night 日日夜夜;夜以继日
13.due to 由于;因为
14.search for 搜索;查找
15.stir up 激起
(二)主题词块
1.a herd of graceful animals 一群体形优美的动物
2.make profits 获利
3.save this species from extinction拯救这个物种免于灭绝
4.endangered species 濒危物种
5.in harmony with... 与……和谐相处
6.protect these beautiful creatures保护这些美丽的生物
7.make a poster 制作一张海报
8.cut down 砍倒;削减
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Elephants need large living spaces,so it’s difficult for them to adapt to the changes.(It+be+adj.+for sb+to do sth)
大象需要广阔的生活空间,因此对它们来说适应这些变化很难。
2.This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.(This is why...)
这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。
3.Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.(“only+状语”置于句首,主句用部分倒装)
只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
4.When it comes to wildlife protection,all species—the good,the bad,and the ugly—should be treated equally.(When it comes to...)
当涉及野生动物保护时,所有物种——好的、坏的和丑的——都应该得到平等的对待。
5.To our left,snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.(环境描写)
在我们的左方,白雪皑皑的群山消失在似乎触手可及的云层中。
构词法日积月累
前缀re-有两重含义:“重,又,再”和“回,返回”。
re-(重,又,再)+mind (思想)→使重新出现在脑海里→remind提醒;使想起
re-(回,返回)+move (移动)→往回移动→remove去除;移开
默写检测 盘点验收
Ⅰ.阅读单词
海报
王子;王孙;亲王
官方;当权;权威
鲸
牧群;兽群
毛(皮);毛皮衣服
神圣的;受尊敬的
Step One　写一写
1.poster n. _______________
2.prince n. _______________
3.authority n. _______________
4.whale n. _______________
5.herd n. _______________
6.fur n. _______________
7.sacred adj. _______________
Ⅱ.核心单词
mass
average
living
measure
pressure
reserve
1.____________ adj.大量的;广泛的 n.大量;堆;群
2.____________ n.平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的
3.____________ adj.居住的;活的;在用的 n.生活;生计
4.____________ n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量;(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为……
5.____________ n.压力;要求
6.____________ n.(动植物)保护区;储藏(量) vt.预订;预留;保留
7.____________ vt.提醒;使想起
8.____________ vt.& vi.(________________,____________)射杀;射伤;发射
9.____________ n.,vi.& vt.攻击;抨击
10.____________ vt.去除;移开;脱去;免职
11.____________ n.皮;皮肤
12.____________ adj.特别的;不寻常的
remind
shoot
shot
shot
attack
remove
skin
unusual
Ⅲ.派生单词
legal
illegal
illegally
immediate
immediately
1.____________ adj.合法的;法律的→
____________ adj.不合法的;非法的→
____________ adv.不合法地;非法地
2.____________ adj.直接的;立即的→
____________ adv.立刻
3.____________ vt.使惊恐;使害怕;使担心 n.恐慌;警报;警报器→
____________ adj.担心;害怕;有警报装置的→
____________ adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的
4.____________ n.危险→
____________ adj.危险的→
____________ vt.使遭受危险;危害→
____________ adj.濒危的
alarm
alarmed
alarming
danger
dangerous
endanger
endangered
5.____________ vt.涉及;让……担忧;与……有关n.担心,忧虑;关心→
____________ adj.担心的;关切的;感兴趣的→
____________ adj.冷淡的;不关心的→
____________ prep.关于;涉及
6.____________ vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编;改写→
____________ n.适应;改编本;改写本→
____________ adj.有适应能力的;能适应的
concern
concerned
unconcerned
concerning
adapt
adaptation
adaptable
7.____________ vt.观察(到);注视;遵守;庆祝;说话;评论→
____________ n.观察
8.____________ n.美;美人;美好的东西→
____________ adj.美丽的;美好的→
____________ vt.美化
9.____________ n.效果;影响→
____________ adj.有效的;生效的
observe
observation
beauty
beautiful
beautify
effect
effective
10.____________ vi.恢复;康复 vt.找回;寻回→
____________ n.恢复
11.____________ n.威胁→
____________ vt.威胁;危及
12.____________ vi.存在;生存→
____________ n.存在;生存→
____________ adj.现存的;现行的
13.____________ n.和谐;融洽→
____________ adj.和谐的
recover
recovery
threat
threaten
exist
existence
existing
harmony
harmonious
Ⅳ.重点短语
die out
on average
make progress
adapt to
remind sb of sb/sth
1.________________ 灭亡;逐渐消失
2.________________ 平均
3.________________ 取得进步
4.________________ 适应
5.________________ 使某人想起(类似的人或物)
6.on earth _________________________
7.aware of _________________________
8.concerned about _________________________
9.under pressure _________________________
10.make out _________________________
究竟;到底
意识到;知道
对……关切的;为……担忧的
在压力下;承受压力
看清;听清;分清
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1._______________________________________________—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。
2.____________________________________________________stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
This is why we’re here
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we
3.________________________________________________,all species—the good, the bad,and the ugly—should be treated equally.
当涉及野生动物保护时,所有物种——好的、坏的和丑的——都应该得到平等的对待。
When it comes to wildlife protection
Ⅰ.单词拼写
mass
Step Two　练一练
1.During times of ____________(大量的;大规模的) unemployment, there’s a pool of cheap labour for employers to draw from.
2.Changbaishan is not only a famous tourist attraction but also one of China’s most ecologically significant nature ________________(保护区).
reserves
3.The economic downturn has seen people struggle with the basic costs of day-to-day ____________(生计).
4.If you are exposed to the sunlight for too long in hot summer,your ____________(皮肤) will get badly hurt.
5.Alarmed at the air quality,the government decided to take some m____________ to prevent it from getting worse.
6.I am planning to learn kung fu so that I can defend myself against being a____________.
living
skin
easures
ttacked
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
alarming
adapt;concern;danger;effect;exist;intend;alarm;recover
1.The ____________news about the upcoming storm made people prepare for the worst,even though it was still far away.
2.The rapid deforestation ____________many species of animals,threatening their habitats and food sources.
3.The parents were ____________about their child’s future and began to look for better educational opportunities.
endangers
concerned
4.The film’s ____________of historical events provided a fresh perspective on the past,bringing new insights to viewers.
5.Using flashcards was an ____________way for me to remember important words for the language exam.
6.After the long illness,his ____________was slow,but he gradually regained his strength with the help of physical exercise.
7.His ____________to attend the summer camp was to improve his English skills and make new friends.
8.The ____________textbooks don’t cover the latest developments in science,so the school is planning to update them.
adaptation
effective
recovery
intention
existing
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
watch over
die out;adapt to;make out;make progress;aware of;watch over;on average;search for
1.The guards were originally hired to ________________the houses as they were being built.
2.Just by clicking the buttons,we can work,study,chat online,play games,watch movies,________________ information and so on.
search for
3.As the saying goes,“Modesty helps one ________________while conceit makes one lag behind.”
4.He is sort of addicted to running and runs ________________about 15 miles a day.
5.Moving to a new country can be difficult,but people quickly _________ the local culture by learning the language and customs.
6.As I looked through the fog,I could barely ______________the shape of the building ahead.
make progress
on average
adapt to
make out
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
this is why I’m writing to you
1.I want you to participate in the volleyball match next Monday,and ____________________________________.(邀请信;This is why...)
我想请你参加下周一进行的排球赛,这是我给你写信的原因。
2._______________________________________________________,the students hold different points of view. (观点态度;When it comes to...)
当谈到如何保护中国传统文化时,学生们持有不同的观点。
When it comes to how to protect traditional Chinese culture
3.Only when you have a better understanding of Chinese table manners _________________________________________. (建议信;“only+状语”置于句首,主句用部分倒装)
只有当你更了解中国的餐桌礼仪时,你才能表现得体。
can you behave properly
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
dying
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
When it comes to wildlife protection,many animals are in danger of 1.____________ (die) out due to habitat loss and pollution.The 2.________ (alarm) rate at which species are becoming extinct is worrying.3._______________ average,animals lose their habitat faster
alarming
On
than they can adapt to new environments.This is 4.____________ people are concerned about the future of wildlife.We need to take measures 5.____________ (protect) their habitats and prevent further mass destruction.If we don’t act soon,the situation will only get worse,and more species will be endangered.
why
to protect
Passage 2
In the wildlife reserve,animals such as elephants walk freely across the plains.Keepers observe them day and night,1.____________ (make) sure no one shoots them for profit.The reserve is 2.____________ (effect) in protecting the animals,allowing them to recover 3.________ years of hunting.Due to the efforts of the keepers,the number of 4.________________ (endanger) species has been reduced.The harmony between nature and humans is essential for animals to continue 5.______________ (exist).
making
effective
from
endangered
existing/to exist
核心突破 锤炼提升
No.1 夯实写作高频词汇
No.2 破解阅读障碍词汇
No.3 练透写作常用句式
1.aware adj.知道;发觉;有……意识的(unaware adj.不知道的;没意识的awareness n.意识;认识)
佳句背诵　
I appeal to the government to launch more environment-friendly campaigns to arouse people’s awareness of living a low-carbon life.(倡议书)
我呼吁政府发起更多的环保运动以唤起人们过低碳生活的意识。
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
以练促学　语块填空
①________________ (意识到) all the people staring at me with curious eyes,I was so nervous that my cheeks turned bright red.
②World Oceans Day,falling on June 8th,is aimed at ____________________(提高意识) of ocean conservation.
Aware of
raising awareness
用法归纳
·be/become aware of sth/that...
知道/明白……;意识到……
·arouse/raise one’s awareness of...
唤起/提高某人……的意识
教考衔接　单句写作
③_______________________________________________and offering support,your plan could make a difference in breaking down barriers.(建议信;2025·北京卷)
通过提高人们的认知并提供支持,你们的计划或许能在打破障碍方面发挥作用。
By raising people’s awareness
2.concern vt.涉及;让……担忧;与……有关 n.担心,忧虑;关心(concerned adj.担心的;关切的;感兴趣的 unconcerned adj.冷淡的;不关心的concerning prep.关于;涉及)
佳句背诵　
When Jamie noticed that his classmate looked sad during lunch,he showed concern for her by asking if everything was okay.(动作描写)
午餐时杰米注意到他的同学很难过,便关心地问她是否一切都好。
以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级
①The authorities ____________are deeply ____________about the issue __________education reform.(concern)
②The meeting was concerned __________reforms and everyone was concerned ____________their own interests.
③In my opinion,we must get fully prepared and practice hard in order to perform well in the match._____________________
concerned
concerned
concerning
with
for/about
As far as I’m concerned
用法归纳
·as far as...be concerned　 就……而言
be concerned about/for 对……担心/关心
be concerned with 与……有关;关注
·show/express concern for/about 对……表示关心
教考衔接　单句写作
④His smile gave way to ________________.An embarrassing silence fell between us.(神态描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
他的笑容被担心的表情取代。我们之间陷入了一阵尴尬的沉默。
[点津]　concerned作前置定语时,意为“关心的;担忧的”;作后置定语时,意为“有关的;相关的”。
a look of concern
3.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编;改写(adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的 adaptation n.改编本;改写本;适应)
佳句背诵　
The famous novel was adapted for the stage,bringing the characters to life in a vivid performance.(文学评论)
这部著名小说被改编为舞台剧,以生动的表演将角色栩栩如生地呈现出来。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①It is a TV ____________(adapt) of the Chinese literary classic,Dream of the Red Chamber,which is performed by a group of children aged 6 to 12.
②I do hope that _____________________________________________
_________and lead a happy life.(表达祝愿)
我真的希望你能尽快适应新学校,过上愉快的生活。
adaptation
you can adapt (yourself) to the new school as soon as
possible
用法归纳
adapt (oneself) to　 (使……)适应于
adapt sth from 根据……改编某物
be adapted for 为……而改写/改编
教考衔接　单句语法填空/单句写作
③Variety in diet and toys,travel,and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and ____________(adapt) to change.(2024·1月九省联考)
④I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play ___________________________________________________________.
(求助信;全国Ⅲ卷)
我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。
adaptable
(that/which is) adapted from our English text
片段巩固
用aware;concern;adapt完成野生动植物保护的续写片段
写作提示:我意识到野生动物面临的威胁→父母担心濒危物种的未来→我们决定适应新的生活方式→以更加环保
I was aware of the threats to wildlife,and my parents were concerned about/for the future of endangered species.To make a difference,we decide to adapt to new lifestyles to be more environmentally friendly.
4.measure vt.测量;度量;估量;(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为…… n.措施;方法
佳句背诵　
In my opinion,success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.(主旨升华)
在我看来,衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱,而在于如何理解人生真正的意义。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The room ____________(measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in.
②Holding the skirt _________________________________________,
I threw myself into my mother’s arms,tears of happiness welling up in my eyes.(动作+情绪描写)
拿着为我量身定做的裙子,我扑进妈妈的怀里,眼中涌出幸福的泪水。
measuring
made to my measure
用法归纳
·measure...by...　　　　 用……来度量……
·make...to sb’s measure 给某人量身定做……
take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
教考衔接　单句写作
③China _______________________________________to protect the environment and promote sustainable development.(2024·北京卷)
中国也积极采取措施,保护环境,促进可持续发展。
[点津]　
①measure用作“措施”时,常用其复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时,后跟测量的结果,不用于被动语态及进行时态。
has also taken active measures
5.remind vt.提醒;使想起
佳句背诵　
The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China,which always reminds us of the family reunion.(节日介绍)
春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一,它总是让我们想到家庭的团聚。
以练促学　一句多译
①这张海报提醒我们必须立即采取措施保护濒临灭绝的生物。
→The poster _______________________________________________
to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb that...)
→The poster _______________________________________________
to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb to do sth)
reminds us that we must take immediate measures
reminds us to take immediate measures
用法归纳
remind sb of sb/sth　 使某人想起(类似的人或物)
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb that... 提醒某人……
教考衔接　单句写作
②_______________________________________________of observing and capturing moments of beauty in our surroundings.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这让我想起了在我们周围观察和捕捉美好时刻的重要性。
[点津]　“动词+sb+of sth”短语还有:
cure sb of sth　　　 治好某人(的某种病)
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
It reminded me of the importance
6.intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要(intention n.用意;目的;意图intentional adj.故意的;存心的intentionally adv.故意地unintentionally adv.无意地)
佳句背诵　
Mrs.Thompson intends her son to apply to several universities overseas to broaden his academic and cultural horizons.(人物描写)
汤普森太太打算让她的儿子申请几所海外大学,以拓宽他的学术视野和文化视野。
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①My parents ________________(intend) to buy a new truck but couldn’t afford it.
②The grammar book which ____________(intend) for English beginners is extremely popular.
had intended
is intended
③我们学校组织了一场五公里的越野跑比赛,目的是增强我们的体力和脑力。
→Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race _________________________________________________________.
(intention)
→Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race, ___________________________________________________________.
(定语从句)
with the intention of improving our physical and mental strength
which was intended to improve our physical and mental strength
用法归纳
·intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事,计划做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth (=intended to have done sth)
本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
be intended for 专门为……准备/打算;专为……而设计
be intended to do sth 打算做某事
·with the intention of 目的是……
教考衔接　单句语法填空/语段训练
④Well ____________(intend) though it was,I do think there exists some inappropriateness,which I feel obliged to point out.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
⑤I am writing to express my concern about the upcoming spoken English program.As you said,__________________________________ us randomly matched in pairs.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我写信是想表达对即将进行的英语口语项目的担忧。正如您所说,您打算让我们随机配对。
intended
you intend having/to have
7.exist vi.存在;生存(existence n.存在;生存 existing adj.现行的;现存的)
佳句背诵　
There exist ups and downs in our life,but whatever happens,we can always exist on love and hope.(主旨升华)
我们的生活有起有落,但无论发生什么,我们都可以依靠爱和希望生活。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①The garden came into ____________(exist) through the efforts of local residents,who aimed to provide a green space for urban farming.
②________________________________________________, the team remains optimistic about their project’s success.(心理描写)
尽管现存诸多挑战,团队对其项目的成功仍旧乐观。
existence
Despite the existing challenges
用法归纳
·exist in=lie in/consist in 存在于……
exist on=live on 靠……生存/存活
There exist(s)... 某地有……;存在……
·come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在
教考衔接　单句写作
③Throughout the event,I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that ____________________and learned about some plants that are used for medical purposes.(活动介绍;2023·浙江1月卷)
在这次活动中,我为世界上存在的植物种类的多样性所震撼,还认识到了一些用于医疗目的的植物。
exist in the world
片段巩固
用measure;remind;intend;exist完成保护野生动物的续写片段
写作提示:避免野生动物误食塑料→采取了减少塑料使用的措施→老师提醒我们多回收→她打算向我们展示动物如何在自然中生存以及我们如何提供帮助
To protect wildlife from swallowing plastic by mistake,we took measures to reduce our plastic use.The teacher reminded us to recycle more,as she intended to show us how animals exist in nature and how we can help.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
A
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
1.remove
A.vt.去除　B.vt.移开;拿走　C.vt.脱去　D.vt.免职;开除
①In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters,researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.(2025·全国一卷)_____
②He quickly removed his jacket because it was too hot outside,and he needed to cool down._____
③The coach decided to remove the player from the team after repeated violations of team rules._____
④I noticed the chair was in the way,so I decided to remove it to make more space for everyone._____
C
D
B
2.due
A.adj.由于;因为　B.adj.应付的　C.adj.预期的　D.adj.到期的
①The rent of the house is due on the first day of each month._____
②She is due to make a speech on the economy next week._____
③The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books._____
④I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm,my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)_____
B
C
D
A
3.rate
B
A.n.速度　B.n.(比)率　C.n.价格;费用　D.vt.划分等级　E.vt.评估;评价
①In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people,among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.(2025·全国一卷)_____
②The students were rated according to their participation in class discussions and projects._____
D
③She could feel her heart beating at a fast rate as she approached the stage._____
④The rate for the hotel room was higher than expected,but the excellent service and comfortable bed made it worth the cost._____
⑤The teacher rated my essay highly,praising its clear structure and well-researched points._____
A
C
E
4.alarm
A.vt.使惊恐;使害怕　B.vt.使担心　C.n.警报　D.n.警报器
①When the alarm went off,everyone in the house woke up immediately.The unexpected storm alarmed the residents,making them feel uneasy._____
②The sudden change in his health alarmed his family,and they immediately took him to the hospital for a check-up._____
③The school has a fire alarm system that ensures everyone’s safety during emergencies._____
D、A
B
C
5.mass
A.adj.大量的;广泛的　B.n.大量　C.n.堆　D.n.群
①There was a mass of students gathering in the schoolyard for the morning assembly.The mass participation in the event showed how much everyone cared._____
②The teacher noticed a mass of books piled up in the corner of the classroom._____
③In the wild,a mass of sheep grazed peacefully,their white wool contrasting with the green grass._____
B、A
C
D
6.observe
A.vt.观察(到);注视　B.vt.遵守　C.vt.庆祝
①You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)_____
②At school,everyone is expected to observe the rules to maintain a respectful and safe environment._____
③The school observed Earth Day by organizing a tree-planting event,encouraging students to participate in protecting the environment._____
A
B
C
7.I really appreciate your help because I have profited from your advice.___________
8.To be frank,the children I teach are of average intelligence.___________
v.受益
adj.一般的
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Having a poor sense of direction,Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.(2024·浙江1月卷)___________
adj.不可能的
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词 法 否定前缀il-,im-,ir-:il-加在字母l之前;im-加在字母m,p,b之前;ir-加在以r开头的词前
2.It was illogical to think that skipping classes would help improve my grades,but I tried it anyway and quickly realized my mistake. ______________
3.His impolite comment caused tension between them for the rest of the day.___________
4.Her irregular studying habits caused her to struggle during exams,as she wasn’t fully prepared.___________
5.His irresponsible decision to skip school made his parents very upset,as it affected his grades._____________
adj.不合逻辑的
adj.不礼貌的
adj.不规律的
adj.不负责任的
课本原句:Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处,我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
佳句背诵　
In the process,only by emerging yourself in Chinese conditions will you get the hang of the language and its essence.(建议信)
在这个过程中,只有融入中国的环境,你才能掌握语言的窍门和精髓。
No.3　练透写作常用句式
以练促学　单句写作
①_________________________________________________________ truly experience Chinese food culture.(建议信)
你只有来到中国,才能真正体验中国的饮食文化。
②____________________ that it was with bravery and determination that we can conquer all the difficulties.(主旨升华)
直到那时我才发现,正是凭借勇敢和决心我们才能克服一切困难。
Only when/if you come to China can you
Only then did I find
用法归纳
在英语句子中,为了表示强调,把“only+状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”置于句首,主句要用部分倒装结构,即“Only+状语+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+其他”。
教考衔接　语段训练
③From then on,I would try my best to help others like Gunter. ___________________________________________________________ in the future.(主旨升华;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
从那时起,我会尽我最大的努力去帮助别人,就像冈特一样。只有这样,将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。
[点津]　当only修饰状语不位于句首,或位于句首的only修饰的不是状语而是主语时,句子不倒装。
Only in this way could more and more people help each other
能力考查 素养达标
维度一　单元知识运用
1.Only then ____________(do) I realize the importance of adapting ____________(I) to new environments.
2.He was ____________(concern) about his friend’s health,thinking about it constantly.
3.We must take immediate and effective measures ____________(conserve) water in our daily lives.
did
myself
concerned
to conserve
4.He reminded his sister ____________(bring) her umbrella because the weather forecast had predicted heavy rain throughout the day.
5.The teacher intends students ____________(complete) their projects by Friday,and the scores will ________________(average).
6.The new community center came into ____________(exist) last year,providing many services to residents.
to bring
to complete
be averaged
existence
7.The traffic was unusually heavy this morning,and this is ____________I was late for the important meeting.
8.She is fully aware ________the importance of regular exercise for maintaining good health.
9.When it comes ____________cooking,she is an expert who can create delicious and nutritious meals at home.
why
of
to
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1._____________________________ (非法狩猎威胁到野生动物) and many animals are 2.____________ (濒危的).The situation is 3.____________________________ (立即引起关注) about their future. 4._______________________ (为了保护濒危的物种), we must prevent further harm and 5.___________________________________ (日日夜夜地保护它们的栖息地).We are 6.____________________(寻找解决方案) to help 7._______________________________ (防止这些动物灭绝).
Illegal hunting threatens wildlife
endangered
immediately stirring up concerns
To protect endangered species
watch over their habitats day and night
searching for solutions
prevent these animals from dying out
维度三　单元话题写作(邀请信——参观野生动物保护摄影展)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
假定你是某国际中学的学生李华,你市图书馆将于下周五举办一场野生动物保护摄影展。请你给美国交换生Nick写一封邮件,邀请他一同前去,内容包括:1.写信目的;2.介绍展览的具体信息:时间、地点和内容;3.期待回复。
Dear Nick,
I’m writing to invite you to join me for a wildlife protection photo exhibition at our city library next Friday.
1.______________________________________________________ (为提高人们对野生动物保护的认识),the exhibition features wonderful photographs showing various 2.________________________________ (濒危物种及其栖息地).And importantly,3._______________________
________________________________________ (这将是一个很好的机
With the intention of raising people’s awareness of wildlife protection
endangered species and their habitats
it will be a great chance for
us to learn more about wildlife protection
会,让我们更多地了解野生动物保护) and encourage others to 4.____________________________ (立即采取措施) for a better world where we humans and animals could 5.____________________ (和谐共处).
Please inform me if you’re interested and available on Friday morning.Anticipating your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
take immediate measures
exist in harmony
读写培优 教考协同
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Ⅰ.语料积累——情感细节描写:焦虑&担忧&不耐烦
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
单 词 1.anxious adj. 焦虑的;担心的
2.anxiously adv. 焦虑地
3.anxiety n. 焦虑;忧虑
4.worried adj. 担心的;发愁的
5.worrying adj. 令人担心的
6.worry vt. 使忧虑;使担心n. 担心;忧虑
7.helpless/hopeless adj. 无助的/无望的
8.helplessness/hopelessness n. 无助/绝望
词 块 1.with a heavy heart　　　 怀着沉重的心情
2.stop worrying 不再担心
3.grow increasingly concerned 越来越担心
4.be filled with anxiety 充满了焦虑
5.be worried/concerned about... 担心……
6.the anxiety grows 焦虑感增强
7.tap one’s foot impatiently 不耐烦地点着脚
8.a feeling of anxiety and concern 焦虑而担忧的感觉
9.decline one’s head in despair 垂头丧气
10.abandon oneself to helplessness 陷入无助
11.be reduced to tears 伤心落泪
12.heart torn with despair 绝望得撕心裂肺
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Stepping out of the station ________________________,I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.(介词短语)
怀着沉重的心情走出车站,我突然感到一阵清风吹在脸上。
2.I was a little nervous at first,but everyone was so nice and friendly that ________________________________________________.(stop)
起初我有点儿紧张,但是大家都那么善良友好,我很快便不再担心了。
with a heavy heart
I soon stopped worrying
3.Fog beginning to creep into the forest,__________________________.
(主系表结构)
雾开始悄悄进入森林,我越来越担心。
4.________________________,he froze there helpless,frowning.(过去分词短语作状语)
他充满了焦虑,无助地站在那里,皱着眉头。
5._____________________________________, I was unsettled for the first few days.(形容词短语作状语)
由于担心这次旅行,头几天我心神不宁。
I grew increasingly concerned
Filled with anxiety
Worried/Concerned about the journey
(Ⅱ)补全语段
Emma’s anxiety grew
As the clock ticked closer to 3 PM,1.________________________ (Emma的焦虑感增强;anxiety).Today was the day of her big presentation in history class,and 2.________________ (她担心;worry) she hadn’t prepared enough.Her hands felt clammy and 3.________________________ (她思绪纷乱;scatter).Despite her friends’ promise,Emma couldn’t help but feel nervous. 4.____________________________ (不耐烦地点着脚;tap),watching as classmates confidently delivered their speeches.Emma took deep breaths to calm her nerves,reminding herself she knew the material.But the butterflies in her stomach only seemed to flutter faster as her name was finally called.
she worried
her thoughts scattered
She tapped her foot impatiently
(2025·全国一卷阅读D)
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Now,new research suggests that a simple,cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头):boiling and filtering (过滤) it.In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters,researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally,the research didn’t include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake.“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling
process was nice,”Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research,tells New Scientist.“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料污染的普遍性及其对人类健康的潜在威胁,并提出了一种简单且经济的方法——煮沸和过滤自来水——来减少饮用水中的微塑料含量。研究还指出,水的硬度(碳酸钙含量)是影响该方法效果的关键因素。文章强调微塑料污染问题的严峻性,并呼吁进一步升级饮用水处理厂,以应对微塑料污染问题。
32.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
A.By quoting an expert. B.By defining a concept.
C.By giving examples. D.By providing statistics.
√
解析　写作手法题。根据第一段中的“...they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow...even appearing inside humans”可知,第一段通过列举微塑料出现在深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃、南极雪中,甚至人体中的例子,说明其污染的普遍性和严重性,因此 C 项正确。
33.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A.The hardness of water. B.The length of cooling time.
C.The frequency of filtering. D.The type of plastic in water.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...boiling hard water containing...an almost 90 percent drop in plastics...boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent”可知,煮沸硬水(含 300 毫克碳酸钙)可减少近 90%的微塑料,而煮沸低碳酸钙含量的水仅减少 25%的微塑料。由此可知,水的硬度(即碳酸钙含量)直接决定去除微塑料的有效性,因此 A 项正确。
34.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4
A.The importance of plastic recycling.
B.The severity of the microplastic problem.
C.The danger in overusing pure water.
D.The difficulty in treating polluted water.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Even bottled water... contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.”可知,作者提到瓶装水,旨在强调微塑料污染的严重性,因此 B 项正确。
35.What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about
A.Choice of new research methods.
B.Possible direction for further study.
C.Need to involve more researchers.
D.Potential application of the findings.
√
解析　推理判断题。最后一段中“Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay”提到,通过煮沸水去除微塑料的方法非常好,随后提到“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”可知,Gauchotte-Lindsay 建议升级饮用水处理厂以去除微塑料,这是这项发现的潜在应用,是将研究发现用于解决实际问题,因此 D 项正确。B 项为易错选项,further study 是研究层面,而对饮用水处理厂进行升级是一种落地的举措,故 B 项错误。
Step 1　理清行文脉络
污染现状
煮沸自来水5分钟
→冷却→过滤
水中碳酸钙含量
建议
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.___________
2.Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.___________
3.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake._______________
v.收集,吸收
adj.瓶装的
n.吸入量,摄入量
4.Additionally,the research didn’t include all types of plastics...other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.___________
5.Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.___________
n.化学物质
n.微塑料
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
(2026·湖北省部分重点中学高三第二次联考)
A Chinese student studying in the UK shared a heartwarming story online about her tutor who quit her job to pursue a unique mission:knitting sweaters for penguins in Antarctica.The tutor’s email reply to the student read,“Thank you for your email.I have left to pursue my dream of making sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics.I will be out of office on a permanent,indefinite,open-ended basis until my penguin friends are happy.”
This act of kindness is part of a larger charity initiative that began after a major oil spill near Phillip Island,Australia,in the late 1990s.The spill severely affected the local penguin population,leading to a decline in their numbers and health over the following breeding seasons.When little penguins become oiled,they will try to clean the poisonous oil from their feathers with their beaks(喙),and ingesting it can kill them.It also damages their delicate feathers,which exposes their skin to extreme temperatures and they are left cold,heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food.
In response to such incidents,the Penguin Foundation and Phillip Island Nature Parks launched a campaign urging knitting enthusiasts worldwide to knit sweaters for the affected penguins.These sweaters serve a dual purpose:They provide temporary warmth and prevent the penguins from reaching their oily feathers with their beaks.The last significant oil spill around Phillip Island occurred in 2001,affecting 438 little penguins.With the help of these sweaters,96% of them were successfully rescued and released back into the wild.
The penguin jumper program has been running for over 20 years,and during this time,more than 200,000 sweaters have been knitted for penguins by generous knitters across the globe.
While some argue that the sweaters could potentially add extra pressure to the penguins’ bodies or cause them to overheat,the Penguin Foundation explains that the sweaters are used temporarily to keep penguins warm before their bodies are washed and feathers
recover.Besides,penguins need sweaters made of all wool,only those sweaters that meet the standard for wear can be received by the Penguin Foundation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以一名教师辞职去给南极洲企鹅编织毛衣的事例引出对一项慈善活动的介绍,该活动呼吁全世界的针织爱好者为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅编织羊毛毛衣。
1.Why did the tutor quit her job
A.She was more attracted to knitting.
B.She decided to protect penguins in Antarctica.
C.She was dissatisfied with the School of Economics.
D.She was offered a position at the Penguin Foundation.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“her tutor who quit her job to pursue a unique mission:knitting sweaters for penguins in Antarctica”可知,该教师辞职是为了给南极洲企鹅编织毛衣;再结合第三段的“These sweaters serve a dual purpose:They provide temporary warmth and prevent the penguins from reaching their oily feathers with their beaks.”可知,毛衣可以为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅提供暂时的温暖,并防止企鹅用喙接触沾满石油的羽毛。由此可知,该教师辞职实质上是为了保护南极洲企鹅。
2.What does the underlined word “ingesting” mean in paragraph 2
A.Taking in. B.Feeding on. C.Breathing in. D.Sweeping away.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“When little penguins become oiled,they will try to clean the poisonous oil from their feathers with their beaks(喙)”可知,当小企鹅被石油污染时,它们会试图用喙清理羽毛上的有毒石油。画线词后的it指代前文的“the poisonous oil”,再结合常识可知,此处表示有毒石油会通过喙被吞入体内,从而可能杀死这些小企鹅,故画线词的意思与A项“吞入(体内)”最为接近。B项“以……为食”;C项“吸入”;D项“消灭”。
3.What harm will the oil spill cause for the penguins
A.It will make them overheated.
B.It will pose a threat to their survival.
C.It will make them more visible to the hunters.
D.It will make them fat and unhealthy.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“When little penguins become oiled...they are left cold,heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food.”可知,被石油污染后的企鹅会试图用喙清理羽毛上的有毒石油,而吞入有毒石油可能会杀死它们;有毒石油还会损害企鹅脆弱的羽毛,使它们的皮肤暴露在极端温度下,它们会变得又冷又重,无法游泳或觅食。由此可知,石油泄漏会对企鹅的生存构成威胁,故选B。
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the article
A.Antarctic Penguins:A Call for Sweaters
B.Knitting for Conservation:A Global Issue
C.Antarctic Oil Spills:A Disaster on Penguins
D.Warmth in Every Stitch:Sweaters for Oiled Penguins
√
解析　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅编织毛衣的活动,故D项“每一针的温暖:为被石油污染的企鹅准备的毛衣”最适合作本文标题。
(2026·郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)
Duncan Jurman became interested in butterflies when he was around 5 years old.He noticed a couple of caterpillars (毛虫) in his backyard and was attracted by the different ways that caterpillars can disguise (伪装) themselves to stay safe in potentially dangerous surroundings.From there,he started to learn more about caterpillars and butterflies.
Jurman believes that butterflies play a crucial role in our ecosystems.They’re very low on the food web,so they support a lot of different species that rely on them.They’re an indicator species for the health of the environment.Once they disappear,everything else is soon to follow.
Jurman’s goal is to transform the landscape of Florida’s Broward County by turning a weedy suburb into a lively butterfly reserve at a time when insect populations are decreasing quickly worldwide.Jurman believes that every flower planted is a potential home and source of food for caterpillars and butterflies.He eventually developed a butterfly-friendly garden in his backyard by researching the different plants that butterflies prefer.He has already raised and released more than 5,000 butterflies from his garden.
Jurman also launched the Bring Butterflies Back campaign to educate people about butterflies and invite them to join his cause of protecting butterflies.He said that a lot of people are surprised to learn that insects are declining at such an alarming rate,largely because the decline has been so gradual.This phenomenon helps to explain why people are unwilling to take meaningful actions to save the environment.
In 2018,Jurman helped to build a butterfly garden at his high school.The garden has had a regenerative effect on the surrounding environment—birds,native lizards,and other insects have returned in great numbers.Other schools have been inspired to start gardens.“I don’t know if we can ever reach the point that we were once at with butterflies,but I think that if everyone gets involved and starts their own garden,they can make their own impact,” Jurman said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Duncan Jurman在保护蝴蝶方面的努力,包括发起“让蝴蝶回归”的运动,在他的后院开发了一个蝴蝶友好型的花园,在他的学校建立蝴蝶花园等。他还呼吁人们都参与到蝴蝶保护中来。
5.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.The food chain of insects.
B.The competition between species.
C.The potential danger to butterflies.
D.The vital role of butterflies in nature.
√
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,首句“Jurman believes that butterflies play a crucial role in our ecosystems.”(Jurman认为蝴蝶在我们的生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色)为段落主旨句,后面内容(蝴蝶在食物网的位置很低,所以它们养活了很多依赖它们的不同物种。它们是环境健康的指示物种。一旦它们消失,其他的东西很快就会跟着消失)都是对这一句话的解释。所以本段主要讲述了蝴蝶在自然中的重要角色,故选D项。
6.Why did Jurman create a butterfly-friendly garden
A.To teach people about butterflies.
B.To study butterflies’ favorite plants.
C.To increase the number of butterflies.
D.To improve the beauty of his backyard.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可知Jurman的目标是改变佛罗里达州布劳沃德县的景观,在全世界昆虫数量迅速减少的时候,把杂草丛生的郊区变成一个生机勃勃的蝴蝶保护区。他最终在他的后院创建了一个蝴蝶友好型的花园。他已经在自己的花园里饲养并放飞了5 000多只蝴蝶。所以可以推测他创建蝴蝶友好型的花园是为了增加蝴蝶数量,故选C项。
7.Which shows the phenomenon mentioned in the text
A.People’s unawareness of environmental changes.
B.The impact of human activities on insect habitats.
C.The rapid decline of butterfly populations worldwide.
D.The process of transforming natural landscapes into reserves.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,Jurman说许多人发现昆虫数量正以惊人速度减少时是很惊讶的,主要是因为下降是逐渐的,这种现象帮助解释为什么人们不愿意采取重大行动保护环境。所以推断文中提到的现象是人们没有注意到自然环境的变化。故选A项。
8.What can be inferred from Jurman’s words in the last paragraph
A.More gardens are built to increase the number of other insects.
B.Jurman is pessimistic about the future of the butterfly population.
C.It’s impossible to restore butterflies’ population to their previous levels.
D.People’s joint efforts can have a great impact on the butterfly population.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段Jurman说的话(我不知道我们能否将蝴蝶恢复到曾经繁盛的状态,但我认为,如果每个人都参与进来,开始建造自己的花园,他们就能产生自己的影响)可推知,人们的共同努力可以对蝴蝶种群产生很大的影响。故选D项。A项“更多的花园被建造来增加其他昆虫的数量”;B项“Jurman对蝴蝶种群的未来持悲观态度”;C项“要把蝴蝶的数量恢复到以前的水平是不可能的”。
(2026·济南市高三模拟考试)
Wildlife photographer Ingo Arndt discovered his first enormous ant mound (蚁丘) as a child exploring the forest with his father near their home almost 50 years ago.They were bird-watching and came around a bend in a thickly wooded area when there it was:a five-foot-tall mound,standing upward like a large stalagmite (石笋).Arndt wanted to investigate more closely,but a very particular smell suggested he rethink that.The air felt thick and sharp,discomforting his nose.“All my life,” he says,“I could remember the smell.”
Several years later,Arndt moved to the countryside.He continued his fascination with the mounds and their armies of tiny engineers.Outfitted with a high-resolution camera,he began photographing the mounds and sharing his imagery with researchers for a scientific perspective.It turned out the mound makers were indeed special.They were red wood ants—one of the smallest of all so-called keystone species.Keystone species such as elephants and sharks are watched closely because their behaviors affect so many aspects of the ecosystem that if they disappeared,it would struggle to adapt.Researchers also explained the smell from the mound.As the insects build a nest,they generate formic acid (蚁酸),the origin of the smell,which helps to fight against enemies.
But in recent decades,the population of ants has been declining as the forests have fallen victim to logging,urbanization,and wildfires,as well as drought and higher temperatures that have become more frequent with climate change.This has led several countries across the ants’ range,including Germany,to enlist them as a protected species by law.
Today Arndt’s photos put on display that as social insects,these small ants not only form complex societies,but also cohabit with a wide variety of species,creating a mass of coexisting relationships across a variety of plant and animal species.They are also a reminder that by protecting these unnoticed creatures,we are actually protecting ourselves.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。Arndt 通过对红木蚁的研究,强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性。
9.How was Arndt’s first encounter with the ant mound
A.It reminded him of a bad experience.
B.It left him an unforgettable memory.
C.It aroused his enthusiasm for nature.
D.It inspired him to protect the forests.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘All my life,’he says,‘I could remember the smell.’”可知,Arndt对蚁丘的气味印象深刻,这次经历给他留下了难忘的记忆。故选B项。
10.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.The wooded area. B.The mound maker.
C.The keystone species. D.The entire ecosystem.
√
解析　代词指代题。根据it所在的句子可知,大象和鲨鱼等关键物种的行为影响生态系统的许多方面,以至于如果它们消失,整个生态系统将会很难适应。所以,画线代词it指的是上文提到的生态系统。故选D项。
11.What contributed to the decrease in the number of ants
A.Their worsened habitats. B.Their changing behavior.
C.Their severe competition. D.Their limited population.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,近几十年来,由于森林遭到伐木、城市化、野火以及干旱和高温的影响,蚂蚁的数量持续下降,所以可知,蚂蚁数量的减少是由于森林砍伐、城市化、野火、干旱和气温升高等因素导致的栖息地恶化而引起的。故选A项。
12.What is the text mainly intended to tell us
A.Massive lives exist on earth. B.Tiny species count in nature.
C.Social creatures live in groups. D.Little ants are master architects.
√
解析　主旨大意题。结合全文,尤其是最后一段中的“They are also a reminder that by protecting these unnoticed creatures,we are actually protecting ourselves.”可知,文章通过讲述Arndt对红木蚁的研究,说明了它们是关键物种之一,对生态系统的许多方面产生影响,强调了这些微小的物种在生态系统中的重要性。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2026·襄阳市高一检测)
Many people are eager to take a trip to Africa to observe wild animals there.　1　However,your experiences won’t go smoothly if you make mistakes.Here are some of the biggest mistakes visitors often make when they head into the wild in Africa.
They fail to do proper research.Not all parks are created equal.You should understand exactly what you’re booking.It’s important to do your homework on the quality of service provided by the park and the guiding team.　2　 Otherwise,you may end up regretting it.“The general rule is that you get what you pay for,” one expert suggests.
　3　While the impression is that the trip usually takes place in warm climates,the temperatures do drop from day to night,so layers (层) are key.Besides,the right colors can help you blend into (融入) the surroundings so that you don’t attract wild animals’ attention.For example,if your trip includes a bush walk,it’s important to avoid black and white.
They refuse to listen to the guides.The biggest mistake that people can make is assuming they know everything instead of listening to their professional guides.These guides have undergone necessary training that enables them to be experts in all situations that can come up in the wild.Their job is to keep visitors safe and offer them an amazing experience.　4　
They expect to see animals at every turn.Keep in mind that this is the home of wild animals—not a theme park attraction.The animals’ jobs are far from trying to entertain guests.They won’t come out to welcome you.　5　Most of the adventures of viewing wildlife will take place in the early morning and late afternoon when you can watch the animals at their most active.
A.They pack the wrong clothes.
B.They should consider weather conditions.
C.And remember to learn about your park’s standard.
D.Such journey can be extremely wonderful and exciting.
E.So you need to wait patiently to enjoy a breathtaking view.
F.All the visitors need do is sit back and follow the guides’ directions.
G.Some even try to make noises to get the attention of animals for a photo.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了游客去非洲观看野生动物时经常犯的错误。
1.D　[上文“Many people are eager to take a trip to Africa to observe wild animals there.”说明很多人想去非洲旅行看野生动物;下文“However,your experiences won’t go smoothly if you make mistakes.”说明如果犯了错误就不会顺利,D选项“Such journey can be extremely wonderful and exciting.”承接前文,指出去非洲观察野生动物,这样的旅行是极其美妙和令人兴奋的,同时与下文形成转折关系,指出如果犯了错误则经历就不会那么顺利,该选项符合语境,故选D项。]
2.C　[根据本段标题“They fail to do proper research.”以及“You should understand...and the guiding team.”可知,本段指出的错误是很多人没有做出适当的研究,因此本段建议应该清楚自己在预定什么,要对公园和导游团队的服务质量做好功课;C选项“And remember to learn about your park’s standard.”中强调了解预定的公园标准,该内容也是去野外观看野生动物前需要了解的东西,符合题意,故选C项。]
3.A　[下文“While the impression is...night,so layers (层) are key.”说明虽然觉得旅行通常发生在温暖的气候中,但从白天到晚上温度确实会有所下降,所以穿衣要有层次;A选项“They pack the wrong clothes.”陈述了游客去非洲观看野生动物时,经常打包了错误的衣服,后文围绕该选项内容进行解释说明,指出游客们应该准备合适的衣服,故选A项。]
4.F　[上文“Their job is to keep visitors safe and offer them an amazing experience.”说明导游的工作是确保游客的安全并提供一次惊人的体验;F选项“All the visitors need do is sit back and follow the guides’ directions.”强调了导游所扮演的重要角色,对前文进行总结,指出游客们应该听从导游的指示,符合题意,故选F项。]
5.E　[上文“They won’t come out to welcome you.”说明动物们不会出来欢迎你,所以后文应该指出游客们做什么。E选项“So you need to wait patiently to enjoy a breathtaking view.”与前文构成因果关系,即动物们不会主动出来欢迎游客,所以游客们需要耐心等待,才能看到令人惊叹的景色,该选项符合语境,故选E项。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.1:indefinite adj.无限期的,期限不定的;模糊不清的,不明确的　open-ended adj.无最终期限的,无时间限制的;无确定答案的　Para.2:initiative n.倡议,新方案;主动性,积极性,自发性
B Para.3:transform v.使改变外观(或性质),使改观　reserve n.(动植物)保护区;自然保护区　release v.释放,放出,放走　Para.4:campaign n.(有计划的)活动,运动　Para.5:regenerative adj.有再生作用的,有再造能力的
C Para.2:perspective n.态度,观点,思考方法　generate v.产生,引起
核心短语 B Para.2:play a role in在……中扮演角色/发挥作用　Para.5:have an effect on对……有影响
C Para.2:armies of大批的,大量的　Para.3:fall victim to成为……的牺牲品/受害者
熟词生义 C outfit(Para.2)常用义:n.全套服装　文章义:v.装备,配置设备
例句:The stylist outfitted the movie stars in designer gowns for the red carpet event.
造型师为电影明星配备了设计师礼服,以供走红毯。
难句分析 C Today Arndt’s photos put on display
.(Para.4)
译文:如今,Arndt提供的照片展示了这些小蚂蚁作为社会昆虫,不仅形成了复杂的社会结构,而且它们还与各种物种共同生活,形成了跨越多种植物和动物物种的共生关系网络。
Thanks！
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