资源简介

(共202张PPT)
UNIT 1　FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
必修第三册
主题语境:不同民族文化习俗与传统节日
词句识记 体系构建
内
容
索
引
默写检测 盘点验收
核心突破 锤炼提升
能力考查 素养达标
读写培优 教考协同
课时作业
词句识记 体系构建
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.carnival n.　　　　 狂欢节;嘉年华
2.costume n. (某地或某历史时期的)服装;戏装
3.riddle n. 谜语;神秘事件
4.samba n. 桑巴舞;桑巴舞曲
5.make-up n. 化妆品;性格;构成方式
[敲黑板]make-up是由make+up构成的合成词。
6.church n. (基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂
7.evil adj. 邪恶的;有害的;罪恶的
n. 邪恶;罪恶;恶行
8.pudding n. 布丁;(餐末的)甜食
9.turkey n. 火鸡;火鸡肉
10.archery n. 射箭术;射箭运动
11.robe n. 袍服;礼袍
12.eagle n. 雕
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.lantern n. 灯笼;提灯
2.march vi.& n. 行进;前进;示威游行
3.ceremony n. 典礼;仪式
4.crop n. 庄稼;作物;一季的收成
5.firecracker n. 鞭炮;爆竹
6.medium n.(pl.media) 媒介;手段;方法
adj. 中等的;中号的
7.eve n. 前夕;前一天
8.envelope n. 信封;塑料封套
9.pumpkin n. 南瓜
10.firework n. 烟火;烟花;[pl.]烟花表演
11.inner adj. 内部的;里面的;内心的
12.autonomous adj. 自治的;有自治权的
13.region n. 地区;区域;地带
14.grace n. 优美;优雅;高雅
15.moment n. 片刻;瞬间
16.tent n. 帐篷
17.pot n. 罐;壶;锅
18.wedding n. 婚礼;结婚庆典
Ⅲ.多义单词
①a range of topics　　　 一系列的话题
②the range of choices 可选择的范围
③range across many subjects 包括许多学科
④range in length 长度变动
⑤a mountain range 一座山脉
2.figure n.人物;数字;身材vt.认为;认定;弄明白;计算
①a historical figure 历史人物
②statistical figures 统计数字
③a slim figure 苗条的身材
④figure out 弄明白
3.harvest n.收获季节;收获;收成vi.& vt.收割(庄稼);捕猎(动物、鱼)
①the harvest season 收获季节
②the annual harvest 每年的收获
③a good harvest 好的收成
④harvest the crops 收割庄稼
⑤harvest animals 捕猎动物
①gather around the teacher 聚集在老师周围
②gather the students 聚集学生
③gather the crops 收割庄稼
①feature interesting activities 以有趣的活动为特色
②a key feature 关键特点
③a feature about the school’s history 学校历史的特写
6.fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失;(使)褪色;(身体)变得虚弱
①fade with time 随着时间逐渐消失
②fade after washing 洗后褪色
③fade after the long illness长时间的病痛后变得虚弱
7.atmosphere n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
①a friendly atmosphere 友好的气氛
②a relaxing atmosphere 放松的氛围
③the Earth’s atmosphere 地球的大气层
8.roast adj.烤的;焙的 vi.& vt.烘烤;焙
①roast chicken 烤鸡
②roast potatoes 烤土豆
9.lunar adj.阴历的;月球的;月亮的
①a lunar calendar 阴历
②the lunar surface 月球表面
③a lunar eclipse 月全食
10.fancy adj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的vt.想要;倾慕;自认为是
①fancy decorations 花哨的装饰
②a fancy necklace 精致的项链
③a fancy car 昂贵的汽车
11.brief adj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的
①a brief message 简洁的信息
②a brief explanation简单的解释
③a brief break 短暂的休息
12.branch n.树枝;分支;支流
①a tree branch 树枝
②a bank branch 银行分行
③a branch of a river 河流支流
13.clap vt.鼓掌;拍手;击掌n.鼓掌;拍手;掌声
①clap one’s hands 拍手
②give a clap 鼓掌
[敲黑板]clap的过去式、过去分词及动词-ing形式为:clapped、clapped、clapping。
Ⅳ.派生单词
3.religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰
religious adj. 宗教的;笃信宗教的
4.charm n. 魅力;迷人的特征;咒语
v. 吸引,迷住;向……施魔法
charmed adj. 着迷的
charming adj. 有魅力的;迷人的
5.joy n. 高兴;喜悦
joyful adj. 高兴的;快乐的
joyfully adv. 开心地
6.gratitude n. 感激之情;感谢
grateful adj. 感激的;表示感谢的
7.agriculture n. 农业;农艺
agricultural adj. 农业(劳动/生产)
8.decorate vt. 装饰;装潢
decoration n. 装饰;装潢
10.typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的;平常的
typically adv. 典型地;有代表性地
11.commercial adj. 商业(化)的;以获利为目的的
commercialise(NAmE also-ize) vt. 使商业化;利用……牟利
commercialisation(NAmE also-ization) n. 商业化
12.reflect vt. 显示;反映;反射
vi. 认真思考
reflection n. 反映;思考;映射;反射;倒影
14.faith n. 宗教信仰;信任;相信
faithful adj. 忠诚的;虔诚的
faithfully adv. 虔诚地
15.occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会
occasional adj. 偶然的,偶尔的
occasionally adv. 偶尔;间或
16.merry adj. 愉快的;高兴的
merrily adv. 高兴地;愉快地
17.pleased adj. 高兴的;满意的
please vt. 使满意;使愉快
pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
pleasure n. 愉快;令人高兴的事
18.frank adj. 坦率的;直率的
frankly adv. 坦率地;直率地
19.represent vt. 象征;代表;相当于;描述;清楚说明
representative n. 代表adj.典型的;有代表性的
20.wrestle vi.& vt. 摔跤;奋力对付
wrestler n. 摔跤运动员
wrestling n. 摔跤运动
21.absolutely adv. 绝对地;完全地
absolute adj. 绝对的;完全的
22.respect n.& vt. 尊敬;尊重
n. 敬意;方面
respectful adj. 恭敬的;表示敬意的
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的
respectively adv. 各自;分别
23.horrible adj. 令人震惊的;恐怖的;极坏的
horror n. 畏惧;憎恶;震惊
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.dress (sb) up 穿上盛装;装扮
2.after all 毕竟;别忘了
3.range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
4.fade away 逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
5.in spite of 不管;尽管
6.take advantage of 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
7.have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
8.to be frank 坦白说;坦率地说
9.go off 爆炸;走火;离开
10.except for 除……之外
11.set off 出发;动身;启程;燃放(烟花);引起,激起
(二)主题词块
1.wear traditional costumes 穿传统服装
2.get together 聚集
3.admire the shining moon 欣赏明月
4.enjoy delicious mooncakes品尝美味的月饼
5.over time 随着时间的推移
6.drive away the evil spirits 赶走恶灵
7.online shopping websites 网上的购物网站
8.social media 社交媒体
9.relax and enjoy life 放松并享受生活
10.enjoy the relaxing atmosphere 享受轻松的氛围
11.wave one’s arms in the air 在空中挥舞着手臂
12.feel really tired 感到十分疲倦
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals.(no matter+疑问词)
然而,无论它们看起来多么不同,分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神在世界各地的所有节日之中都是一样的。
2.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(with复合结构)
节日正变得越来越商业化,商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
3.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.[make it+adj./n.+(for sb) to do sth]
在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更容易花更多的钱为他们所爱之人购买礼物。
4.I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther.(because引导表语从句)
我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻,马儿才能跑得更快、更远。
5.After singing some songs,the competitors danced onto the green field,waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.(动作描写)
几首歌唱毕,选手们开始在绿色的草地上翩翩起舞,他们挥动着双臂,如雕一般。
构词法日积月累
re-(再,又)+spect(看)→一再注视→respect尊敬
默写检测 盘点验收
Ⅰ.阅读单词
狂欢节;嘉年华
(某地或某历史时期的)服装;戏装
谜语;神秘事件
(基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂
火鸡;火鸡肉
雕
Step One　写一写
1.carnival n. ____________________________
2.costume n. ____________________________
3.riddle n. ____________________________
4.church n. ____________________________
5.turkey n. ____________________________
6.eagle n. ____________________________
Ⅱ.核心单词
range
figure
harvest
gather
1.____________ n.一系列;范围、界限;种类;山脉 vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
2.____________ n.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定;弄明白;计算
3.____________ n.收获季节;收获;收成 vi.& vt.收割(庄稼);捕猎(动物、鱼)
4.____________ vi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割 vt.& vi.认为;猜想
5.____________ vt.以……为特色;由……主演 n.特色;特征;特点;特写,专题节目
6.____________ n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
7.____________ adj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的 vt.想要;倾慕;自认为是
8.____________ n.片刻;瞬间
9.____________ n.帐篷
10.____________ adj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的
feature
atmosphere
fancy
moment
tent
brief
11.____________ n.树枝;分支;支流
12.____________ n.婚礼;结婚庆典
13.____________ vt.鼓掌;拍手;击掌 n.鼓掌;拍手;掌声
branch
wedding
clap
Ⅲ.派生单词
congratulate
congratulation
charm
charmed
charming
1.____________ vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪→
____________ n.祝贺;恭喜;(pl.)贺词
2.____________ n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语 v.吸引,迷住;向……施魔法→
____________ adj.着迷的→
____________ adj.有魅力的;迷人的
3.____________ n.高兴;喜悦→
____________ adj.高兴的;快乐的→
____________ adv.开心地
4.____________ vt.装饰;装潢→
____________ n.装饰;装潢
joy
joyful
joyfully
decorate
decoration
5.____________ adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的→
____________ adj.微不足道的;无足轻重的→
____________ n.重要性,意义;意思,含义→
____________ adv.重要地;显著地
6.____________ adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的→
____________ adv.典型地;有代表性地
7.____________ vt.显示;反映;反射→
____________ n.反映;思考;映射;反射;倒影
significant
insignificant
significance
significantly
typical
typically
reflect
reflection
8.____________ n.信仰;信心;信任→
____________ n.不信;怀疑→
____________ vt.相信→
____________ adj.可以相信的→
____________ adj.难以置信的
9.____________ n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会→
____________ adj.偶然的,偶尔的→
____________ adv.偶尔;间或
belief
disbelief
believe
believable
unbelievable
occasion
occasional
occasionally
10.____________ vt.使满意;使愉快→
____________ adj.高兴的;满意的→
____________ adj.令人愉快的→
____________ n.愉快;令人高兴的事
11.____________ adj.坦率的;直率的→
____________ adv.坦率地;直率地
12.____________ vt.象征;代表;相当于;描述;清楚说明→
____________ n.代表 adj.典型的;有代表性的
please
pleased
pleasant
pleasure
frank
frankly
represent
representative
13.____________ n.& vt.尊敬;尊重n.敬意;方面→
____________ adj.恭敬的;表示敬意的→
____________ adj.值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的→
____________ adv.各自;分别
respect
respectful
respectable
respectively
Ⅳ.重点短语
dress (sb) up
range from...to...
set off
go off
fade away
1.________________穿上盛装;装扮
2.________________包括从……到……之间
3.________________出发;动身;启程;燃放(烟花);引起;激起
4.________________爆炸;走火;离开
5.________________逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
6.have sth in common __________________________________
7.in spite of __________________________________
8.take advantage of __________________________________
9.except for __________________________________
10.after all __________________________________
(兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
不管;尽管
利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
除……之外
毕竟;别忘了
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, ______________________________________________.
节日正变得越来越商业化,商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
2.Online shopping websites and social media apps _______________________________________________________ for their loved ones.
在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更容易花更多的钱为他们所爱之人购买礼物。
with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations
have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts
3.I heard _______________________________________________and the horses can run faster and farther.
我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻,马儿才能跑得更快、更远。
it is because children are lighter
Ⅰ.单词拼写
feature
Step Two　练一练
1.The hour-long programme will be updated each week and __________(以……为特色) highlights from recent games.
2.We enjoy Mr Wang’s class because he is good at creating an ____________(氛围) where everyone can voice their opinions freely.
3.Striving for success without hard work is like trying to ____________(收获) where you haven’t planted seeds.
atmosphere
harvest
4.Throughout all these years,many great ________(人物) have made significant contributions to the development of the Silk Road.
5.This restaurant wins great popularity with its customers for its wide r____________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
6.A great many students are g____________ around the school gate,curious to know what has happened.
figures
ange
athering
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
congratulations
charm;congratulate;decorate;joy; origin;occasional; reflect;significant
1.I’d like to express my sincere ________________on your admission to the key university.
2.Usually a child’s behavior is a ________________of his family environment.
3.There is no doubt that the protection of traditional Chinese culture is of great ________________to Chinese cultural diversity.
reflection
significance
4.He found the villagers sitting there and engaging in active and ____________conversations.
5.The bright paper lanterns were simple ____________that made the hall feel cheerful.
6.I bet this trip will not only impress me with the ____________ country scenery but also further awaken my love for Scottish culture.
joyful
decorations
charming
7.Her ____________painting style combines traditional techniques with modern artistic concepts beautifully.
8.The weather in this region is ____________rainy,making it perfect for hiking on cooler days.
original
occasionally
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
in spite of
after all;dress up;except for;fade away;go off;in spite of;set off;take advantage of
1.As long as we don’t lose heart,________________ such a serious natural disaster,we shall overcome the difficulty.
2.A few minutes later the bomb ________________,destroying the vehicle.
3.On Halloween children ________________and go to their neighbours’ home to ask for sweets.
went off
dress up
4.Your enthusiasm for running may soon ________________. However,only with persistence can you have a stronger body.
5.We ________________on a road trip to the beach,planning to relax and enjoy the sun after a busy week of studying.
6.________________,it was his first attempt at cooking,so we didn’t mind that the meal wasn’t perfect.
fade away
set off
After all
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
with their pet dog
following them
1.The couple were walking along the path, _______________________
_______________________. (动作描写;with复合结构)
这对夫妇沿着小路走着,他们的宠物狗跟在后面。
2.As you see in the short video clip,the members of Spoken English Club _____________________________________________in English on a daily basis.(活动介绍,make it+adj./n.+(for sb) to do sth]
正如你在短视频中看到的,英语口语俱乐部的成员把每天用英语彼此交流当成习惯。
make it a rule to communicate with each other
3.The mother’s eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray. ________________________________________________. (动作+神态描写;because引导表语从句)
母亲一看到早餐托盘就睁大了眼睛。那是因为这对双胞胎给了她一份令人惊讶的礼物。
It was because the twins gave her a surprising gift
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
approaching
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
With the Chinese New Year 1.____________ (approach),people gather with their families,enjoying food and relaxation.The decorations,ranging 2.____________ lanterns to red couplets,decorate homes and streets,creating a festive atmosphere.The figure of the
from
dragon,a symbol of power and charm,3.__________________ (feature) in many parades.Joy fills the air as everyone is 4.____________ (gratitude) for the blessings of the year.This holiday is typical in its focus on family and faith,5.____________ (reflect) a belief in good fortune that will never fade away.
features
grateful
reflecting
Passage 2
I celebrated the Lunar New Year with my family.We dressed 1.____________ in fancy clothes for the occasion.The origin of this celebration is rich with history,and it is 2.____________ it marks the beginning of a new year in the lunar calendar.On the eve of the holiday,the atmosphere was full of excitement.We 3.____________ (roast) delicious food and enjoy the fireworks.To be frank,the fireworks went off loudly,filling the sky with beautiful colors.We all clapped and felt 4.________ (please).It was 5.____________ (absolute) a moment to remember!
up
because
roasted
pleased
absolutely
核心突破 锤炼提升
No.1 夯实写作高频词汇
No.2 破解阅读障碍词汇
No.3 练透写作常用句式
1.congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜;(pl.)贺词[congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪]
佳句背诵　
Congratulations to her on her success poured in,and she couldn’t help but feel a sense of pride.(心理描写)
对她成功的祝贺纷至沓来,她不禁感到一种自豪感。
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
以练促学　一句多译
①我衷心祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。
→I’d like to _______________________________________________
your winning first place in the English Speech Competition. (congratulate)
→I’d like to _________________________________________________
your winning first place in the English Speech Competition. (congratulation)
sincerely congratulate you on
express/offer/send my sincere congratulations to you on
用法归纳
·a letter of congratulation 祝贺信
express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb on sth因某事向某人致以祝贺
·congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺
教考衔接　语段训练
②I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. “________________________________________________! I knew you had it in you,” he said warmly,signaling me to take a seat.(动作+语言描写;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我领奖后去了老师办公室。“再次祝贺!我知道你有这个实力。”他热情地说着,示意我坐下。
Congratulations again
2.range n.一系列;范围、界限;种类;山脉 vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
佳句背诵　
The weather here ranges between cold and warm,depending on the time of year.(天气描写)
这儿的天气在寒冷到温暖之间变化,这取决于一年中的时节。
以练促学　语块填空/单句写作
①The peak was _______________________________ (超出我们的能力) as thick fog rolled in,forcing us to abandon the climb.
②The essay ______________________________________________,
focusing on the importance of environmental protection.(征稿)
文章应该在300到500字之内,重点是环境保护的重要性。
beyond our range
should be within/in the range of 300 to 500 words
用法归纳
·a full/wide range of... 大范围的……;各种……
in/within the range of...　 在……范围内
beyond one’s range 超出某人的能力
·range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
range between...and... 在……到……之间变动
教考衔接　单句写作
③Moreover,you can arrange ____________________________,which ________________a walking tour around the city to explore the green spaces in Beijing ____________planting trees to contribute to the city’s green future.(建议信;2023·北京卷)
此外,你可以组织各种各样的活动,从步行游览城市,探索北京的绿色空间,到植树,为城市的绿色未来做出贡献。
a wide range of activities
range from
to
3.figure n.数字;人物;身材 vt.认为;认定;弄明白;计算
佳句背诵　
Her friends often congratulate her on having a good figure,but she knows it takes effort.
朋友们经常夸她身材好,但她知道这需要付出努力。
以练促学　语块填空/单句写作
①When planning the budget,we need to ________________(计算在内) the cost of transportation,as it will be a significant expense for the trip.
②I ________________(打算) attending the party,but I received an unexpected invitation to another event.
③_________________________________________________________, participating in activities like running or swimming.(人物描写)
她定期锻炼保持体形,参加跑步或游泳等活动。
figure in
figured on
She exercises regularly to keep her figure
用法归纳
·keep one’s figure　 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
·figure out 理解;计算出;弄清楚
figure in sth 将某事物包括在内/计算在内
figure on 计划;打算;预料到
教考衔接　单句写作
④Students will enjoy trying to ____________who is behind each set of clues,and it will bring our class closer together as we share personal details in a playful manner.(建议信;2025·全国一卷)
学生们会喜欢尝试弄清楚每条线索对应的人物,在以轻松有趣的方式分享个人细节的过程中,它会将我们整个班级的关系变得更加紧密。
figure out
4.grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的(gratitude n.感激之情;感谢)
佳句背诵　
We will be grateful if you could accept our invitation.(邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
如果您能接受我们的邀请,我们将不胜感激。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I am grateful ____________you for decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.
②I’d like to take this opportunity _____________________________.
(感谢信)
我想借此机会向你表达我的感激之情。
to
to convey my gratitude to you
用法归纳
be grateful to sb for (doing) sth
因(做)某事而感激某人
I would be grateful if you could do...
如果你能做……,我将不胜感激。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Soon,I boarded the bus and _________________________________,
waving goodbye to him.(动作描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
不久,我上了公交车,给了我的新朋友一个感激的微笑,并向他挥手道别。
gave my newest friend a grateful smile
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的 (insignificant adj.微不足道的;无足轻重的significantly adv.重要地;显著地significance n.重要性,意义;意思,含义)
佳句背诵　
China’s high-speed trains not only connect cities efficiently,shortening travel time significantly,but also symbolize China’s technological leap.(事物介绍;2024·全国甲卷)
中国的高速列车不仅高效连接城市,大幅缩短通行时间,而且象征着中国的技术飞跃。
以练促学　语块填空
①The teacher _______________________________________________ (重视) students’ participation in class activities.
②_______________________________________________ (很重要) she chose to continue studying after failure.
attaches significance to
It is significant that
用法归纳
·be significant (to)=be of significance (to) (对……来说)很重要
It is significant that... ……很重要
·attach significance to... 重视;认为……重要
教考衔接　单句写作
③World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans ________________________________. (演讲稿;2022·全国甲卷)
设立世界海洋日是为了让人们意识到保护海洋是很重要的。
is of significance/is significant
片段巩固
用congratulation;range;figure;grateful;significant完成有关学习进步的续写片段
写作提示:老师给了我很多鼓励→弄清楚我的优缺点→我各个科目的成绩都有所提高→老师表扬了我显著的进步并写信向我表示祝贺→我感谢老师的无私奉献
My teacher encouraged me a lot.She helped me figure out my strengths and weaknesses.With her help,my grades improved within a wide range of subjects,from math to English.She praised me for the significant progress I made in my studies and wrote a letter to send her congratulations to me.I’m grateful for her selfless devotion.
6.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的(typically adv.典型地;有代表性地)
佳句背诵　
It’s typical of our maths teacher to be very patient with us.
数学老师一贯对我们非常有耐心。
以练促学　单句语法填空
①The way she volunteers to help others is typical ________her generous personality.
②____________ (typical),he would come in late and then say that he had to go early.
of
Typically
用法归纳
be typical of 　　　 是……特有的;是……的特点
It is typical of sb to do sth. 某人做某事是经常的。
教考衔接　单句写作
③As a British native,you are capable to _________________________
_______________________________________ to us. (邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
作为一个英国本地人,您一定能够与我们分享一到两个典型的传统。
share one or two typical
traditions
7.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射 vi.认真思考 (reflection n.反映;思考;映射;反射;倒影)
佳句背诵　
David lowered his head,reflecting on/upon what I said to him just now.(动作+心理描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫低下头,反思我刚才对他说的话。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空
①With the sun fading away below the horizon,he was lost in ____________(reflect) again.
②________________ (再三考虑),I saw that joining the dance club was a turning point in my life.
③I painted a beautiful lake with ducks swimming and trees ____________________(倒映在) the water.
reflection
On reflection
reflected in
用法归纳
·reflect on/upon　　　　　 沉思;认真思考
be reflected in 倒映在;反映在
·on reflection 反思;经再三考虑
be lost in reflection/thought 陷入反思/思考中
教考衔接　语段训练
④Toby wasn’t just a pet;he was my brother’s rock.How could I have forced him to leave his dog out in the rain ________________________________________________, the heavier my guilt grew.(心理描写;2025·全国一卷)
托比不仅是一只宠物,更是我兄弟的情感支柱。我怎能狠心让他的狗在大雨中无处容身 我越想,愧疚感就越沉重。
The more I reflected
8.represent vt.象征;代表;相当于;描述;清楚说明(representative n.代表 adj.典型的;有代表性的)
佳句背诵　
I feel it a great honour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.(演讲稿)
我非常荣幸代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛。
以练促学　单句写作
①I will _______________________________________________you in a clear and simple way,making sure that each point is easy to follow.
我会用清晰、简单的方式向您说明我的想法,确保每个观点都易于理解。
②She _______________________________________________one of the kindest ones in the world.(人物描写)
她把她的母亲描绘成世界上最善良的母亲之一。
represent my ideas to
represents her mother as/to be
用法归纳
·represent sb/sth as/to be... 宣称某人为……;把某事叙述为……
represent sth to sb 向某人说明(传达)某事
represent sb=on behalf of sb 代表某人
·be (a) representative of 是……的代表/典型
教考衔接　单句写作
③Li Bai _______________________________________________in the Tang Dynasty,who is also one of the poets I admire most.(人物介绍;2023·全国甲卷)
李白是唐朝诗人的代表,也是我最敬佩的诗人之一。
was (a) representative of the poets
9.respect vt.& n.尊敬;尊重n.敬意;方面 (respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的respectful adj.恭敬的;表示敬意的 respectively adv.各自;分别)
佳句背诵　
I really had respect for the mother from the bottom of my heart.She set a good example for her children to follow.(心理+动作描写)
我真的从心底里尊敬这位母亲。她为孩子们树立了一个值得效仿的榜样。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空
①The percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is ____________(respect) 65% and 50%.
②Do give my __________(respect) to your parents when you return to your hometown.
③________________ (在各个方面) of our life,there are always ________________(值得尊敬的人).__________________________ (关于) the person ________________(我最尊敬),I have to mention my maths teacher.
respectively
respects
In every respect
respectable people
With respect to/In respect of
I respect most
用法归纳
·respect sb for sth　 因为某事而尊敬某人
·have/show respect for sb 尊重某人
in every respect 在各个方面
in many respects 在许多方面
give one’s respects to sb 代某人向……问候/致意
in respect of=with respect to至于,关于;就……而言
教考衔接　单句写作
④As I spoke,I noticed the absorbed attention of my classmates, ____________________________________________________. (神情描写;2025·全国二卷)
在我讲述时,我注意到同学们屏息凝神的专注,他们的眼睛里充满了好奇和真诚的敬意。
[点津]　respect作名词意为“敬意、问候”时,多用复数形式。
their eyes reflecting curiosity and sincere respects
10.set off出发;动身;启程;燃放(烟花);引起;激起
佳句背诵　
We set off fireworks to welcome the new year,filling the sky with bright colors and loud booms.(场景描写)
我们燃放烟花迎接新年,夜空中充满了绚丽的色彩和响亮的轰鸣。
以练促学　用set短语填空/单句写作
①At 7 am last Saturday we ____________for the farm merrily like caged birds newly ________________.On arriving at the farm,we ________________picking fruits.When we arrived home,we ____________half an hour to ________________what we thought of the fruit-picking activity.
②They ___________________________________________________ the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast.(动作描写)
他们着手打扫厨房,而他们的父亲帮忙做早餐。
set off/out
set free
set about
set aside
set down
set about cleaning up/set out to clean up
用法归纳
set off for　　　　　 动身去(某地)
set aside 把……放到一旁;省出;暂时不考虑
set about(doing sth) 着手/开始做某事
set out (to do sth) 出发;开始做某事
set down 写下;记下;登记
set up 建立;树立;搭起
set free 释放,放走
教考衔接　单句写作
③World Oceans Day ________________________________________
of protecting the oceans,which play a crucial part in global ecosystem.(短文投稿;2022·全国甲卷)
设立世界海洋日是为了提高人们对保护海洋的认识,海洋在全球生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。
was set up to raise people’s awareness
片段巩固
用typical;reflect;represent;respect;set off完成庆祝节日的续写片段
写作提示:在春节期间,我们通常会打扫房子→这是一个反思过去一年及欣赏所做之事的时刻→我向长辈问候,因为他们代表了智慧和经验
During the Spring Festival,it is typical for us to clean up our house.It’s a time to reflect on the past year and appreciate what we have.I also give my respects to the elders,as they represent wisdom and experience.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
A
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
1.range
A.n. 一系列　B.n.山脉　C.vi.包括　D.vi.(在一定范围内)变化
①We also have a range of birds and other animals to offer a fun-filled day out for families.(2025·高考综合改革适应性演练)_____
②The sports event ranges from soccer and basketball to swimming and tennis,offering many different activities for the students._____
C
③The temperatures in the desert can range from extremely hot during the day to very cold at night._____
④The Rocky Mountains are a famous mountain range,and many tourists visit them every year to enjoy hiking and skiing._____
D
B
2.figure
A.n.人物　B.n.数字　C.n.身材　D.vt.认为;认定
①When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子),Eva figured she would be left in the dust.However,while some of her classmates edged ahead,others actually fell behind.(2024·浙江1月卷)_____
②Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged,Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.(2023·全国甲卷)_____
D
A
③She has a slim figure,which allows her to wear many different styles of clothing with confidence._____
④I noticed that the figure in the report showed an increase in the number of students joining the club this year._____
C
B
3.feature
A.n.特色;特征;特点　B.n.特写;专题节目　C.vt.以……为特色　D.vt.由……主演
①This magazine will be running a special feature on education next week._____
②It is a great film,which features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year._____
③These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)_____
④This smartphone features a large battery,ensuring two days of comfortable use._____
B
D
A
C
4.gather
A.vt.聚集　B.vt.搜集　C.vt.收割　D.vt.采集　E.vi.聚集;集合
①The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in number,would gather around her before she even had a chance to take the bag of rice out from her handbag.(2025·高考综合改革适应性演练)_____
②The teacher asked us to gather information about different countries for our geography project,which helped us learn more about the world._____
E
B
③The farmers gathered the crops in the field before the storm arrived,ensuring that the harvest would not be damaged._____
④The children gathered flowers in the forest,which they later used to decorate their classroom for the festival._____
⑤The boy gathered his toys in the corner,and then went out to play with other children._____
C
D
A
5.fancy
A.adj.花哨的　B.adj.精致的　C.adj.昂贵的　D.vt.想要　E.vt.倾慕　F.vt.自认为是
①He sells poor goods but charges fancy prices._____
②I really fancy a cup of hot chocolate right now.It would be perfect on such a cold day._____
③He fancies himself as a great chef,but his cooking skills still need a lot of improvement._____
C
D
F
④The fancy china in her cupboard was carefully arranged,with delicate patterns and gold accents._____
⑤She wore a fancy dress to the wedding,which sparkled under the sunlight and attracted everyone’s attention._____
⑥He fancied her from the moment they met,admiring her kindness and the way she made everyone feel at ease._____
B
A
E
6.fade　vi.褪色;(身体)变得虚弱;逐渐消失
As summer ends,the vibrant green leaves begin to fade①,gradually turning brown and falling to the ground.My old T-shirt,once bright blue,has also faded② after many washes.I notice that my grandfather is fading③ too;he’s not as energetic as he used to be.Watching these changes reminds me that nothing stays the same forever.
_______________________________________________
①vi.逐渐消失 ②vi.褪色 ③vi.(身体)变得虚弱
7.To clear the land and harvest the bananas,they decided they needed a male workforce.___________
8.After years of efforts,his company has expanded into a big one with branches all over the world.___________
vt.收割
n.分支
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)___________
2.Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate.(2024·北京卷)___________
adj.自动化的
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 前缀auto-表示“自动的,自主的”;前缀micro-表示“微小的”
adv.自动地
3.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and programmed to run autonomously.(2022·全国乙卷)___________
4.Jennifer DeBruyn,a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee,who was not involved in the study,says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.(北京卷)___________
5.In a low-gravity environment,we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope.________________
adv.自动地
n.微生物学家
n.微生物n.显微镜
句型公式:because引导表语从句
课本原句:I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther.
我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻,马儿才能跑得更快、更远。
佳句背诵　
It is because China’s young people are now more confident about their own culture,eager to share it with the world.(传统文化)
这是因为中国的年轻人现在对自己的文化更加自信,渴望与世界分享他们的文化。
No.3　练透写作常用句式
以练促学　单句写作
①Seen from space,the earth looks blue.________________________ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(事物介绍)
从太空看去,地球是蓝色的。这是因为它的表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。
②____________________ more and more people are interested in the Tang Dynasty.(现象介绍)
那就是越来越多的人对唐朝感兴趣的原因。
This is because
That’s why
用法归纳
(1)This/That/It is because...意为“这/那是因为……”,because引导表语从句,表示原因。
(2)This/That is why...意为“这/那就是……的原因”,why引导表语从句,表示结果。
(3)The reason why...is/was that...意为“……的原因是……”,why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语;that引导表语从句,表示原因。
教考衔接　单句写作
③_________________________________________________________ the piece of music named Fate Symphony by Beethoven has inspired me a lot to move on when I am in difficulty.(事物介绍;天津卷)
我喜欢西方音乐的原因是贝多芬的这首《命运交响曲》在我遇到困难时激励了我继续前进。
The reason why I love western music is that
能力考查 素养达标
维度一　单元知识运用
1.I am not going to the party tonight.It is ____________I have a lot of homework to do.
2.I would like to send my _________________(congratulate) to you on winning the first prize in the writing contest.
3.The club has activities,____________ (range) from sports to arts,so there’s something for everyone.
because
congratulations
ranging
4.We need to figure ____________a way to reduce our expenses if we want to save money for the trip.
5.I would be grateful ____________you could help me with this assignment.It’s quite challenging.
6.The speech was of ______________(significant) to the community, inspiring many people to volunteer and help others.
7.It is typical of John ____________(help) his classmates with their homework.He’s always willing to lend a hand.
out
if
significance
to help
8.After the argument,I took some time to reflect ____________my behavior and realized I was wrong.
9.I respect him ____________his honesty;he always tells the truth no matter how difficult it is.
10.We set ____________early in the morning to watch the sunrise at the top of the mountain.
on/upon
for
off
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.__________ (尽管) the busy week,we 2._____________________ (穿上了节日的服装) and 3.____________________________ (装饰房子) with festive items.4.____________________________ (坦白说),I 5.____________________________ (利用假期) to relax and spend time with friends.We have 6._____________ (坚信) that celebrations should not 7.________________ (消失),and we 8.________________________ (有很多共同之处) when it comes to traditions.
In spite of
dressed up in costumes
decorated the house
To be frank
took advantage of the holiday
a firm belief
fade away
have a lot in common
维度三　单元话题写作(短文投稿——节日介绍)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
你校英语报正举办主题为“中国传统节日”的征文比赛,请你写一篇短文投稿,介绍你印象最深的节日,内容包括:
1.节日习俗;2.你的感受。
1._______________________ (在所有的中国节日中),the one impressing me most is the Dragon Boat Festival.
As a traditional festival,the Dragon Boat Festival falls on 2.________________________________ (农历五月的第五天).The festival 3.__________________________________ (以许多活动为特色), 4.______________________________________________(从龙舟比赛到吃粽子),which is sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. 5._________________________________________ (举行这些活动的原因是……;why引导定语从句) these customs are done in memory of Qu Yuan,a poet in ancient times.
Of all Chinese festivals
the fifth day of the fifth lunar month
features many activities
ranging from the dragon boat races to eating zongzi
The reason why these activities are held is that
As far as I am concerned,6.________________________ (起源) of this festival fully 7._________________________________(反映人民对祖国的热爱).Furthermore,the dragon boat race 8.________________________________________________(代表了我们中国人民的坚韧不拔).As a Chinese,I will forever keep it in mind.
the origin
reflects people’s love for the country
represents the perseverance of us Chinese people
读写培优 教考协同
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Ⅰ.语料积累——情感细节描写:惊讶(一)
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
单 词 1.surprise/amaze/astonish vt. 使吃惊;使惊讶
2.surprised/amazed/astonished adj. 吃惊的;惊讶的
3.surprise/amazement/astonishment n. 惊讶
4.surprising/amazing/astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的
词 块 1.cry out in shock　　　　 惊叫一声
2.jump to one’s feet in disbelief 难以置信地跳起来
3.freeze with shock 震惊得僵住了
4.with a spark of surprise flashing across one’s face 脸上闪过一丝惊喜
5.stare at sb with wide eyes 目瞪口呆地看着某人
6.eyes widen in astonishment 目瞪口呆
7.be utterly amazed 被彻底震惊了
词 块 8.fill...with wonder and excitement 使……充满惊奇和兴奋
9.much to one’s surprise　 令某人很吃惊的是
e as a shock to sb 让某人震惊
11.a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face脸上出现/掠过惊讶的表情
12.have a look of surprise on one’s face 某人脸上露出惊讶的表情
13.one’s mouth drops/hangs open in surprise 惊讶地张大嘴
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Todd _______________________________________________and ran out of the room quickly.(in shock)
托德惊叫一声,快速地跑出房间。
2.I __________________________________________and stepped back in no time.(in disbelief)
我难以置信地跳了起来,立刻后退了一步。
cried out in shock
jumped to my feet in disbelief
3.I _____________________________________________, as if rooted to the ground.(with shock)
我震惊得僵住了,仿佛在地上扎了根。
4.I got first prize in the writing competition, ___________________________________________.(with复合结构)
我在写作比赛中得了第一名,脸上闪过一丝惊喜。
5.________________________________________________, I hardly believed what he had done.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
我目瞪口呆地看着他,简直不敢相信他所做的一切。
froze with shock
with a spark of surprise flashing across my face
Staring at him with wide eyes
(Ⅱ)补全语段
his eyes widened in astonishment
While walking home from school,Tom noticed a crowd gathered at the park.Curious,he edged closer and 1.____________________________ (目瞪口呆;widen).In the middle of the crowd was a magician performing street magic.The magician pulled a rabbit from an empty hat and made colorful scarves appear out of thin air.Tom,who loved magic but had never seen it performed live, 2.__________________ (被彻底震惊了;amazed).The surprise show 3._______________________________
___________________ (在惊奇和兴奋中度过了一下午;fill),making it an extraordinary day he wouldn’t soon forget.
was utterly amazed
filled his afternoon with wonder
and excitement
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读A)
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Walk 1—The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 09:00
Start Point:Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration:6 hours
Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 09:00
Start Point:Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration:5 hours
Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 18:30
Start Point:The Town Hall
Walk Duration:3 hours
Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 11:45
Start Point:Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration:1.5 hours
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival的四种徒步活动。
21.Which walk takes the shortest time
A.The Natural World.
B.Introduction to Hillwalking.
C.Moonlight Under the Stars.
D.Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据四种徒步活动中的Walk Duration部分的信息可知,持续时间最短的是Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest,时长为1.5小时,故选D项。
22.What are participants in Walk 3 required to do
A.Wear proper clothes. B.Join a walking club.
C.Get special permits. D.Bring a survival guide.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据题干可定位到Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars,再根据该部分中的“A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark...refused permission to participate.”可知,夜间徒步必须穿着合适的服装,否则将失去参与资格。选项A中的proper是文中suitable的同义替换,故选A项。
23.What do the four walks have in common
A.They involve difficult climbing.
B.They are for experienced walkers.
C.They share the same start point.
D.They are scheduled for the weekend.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据四个徒步活动的Date and Time部分的信息可知,活动举办时间都在周末,故选D项。
Step 1　理清行文脉络
适合不同水平的徒步者
生
态环境导游
学
习山地徒步技能
挑战自
我的夜间徒步
野外
摄影基础
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.______________
2.This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild._________________
3.Emmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.___________
v.有……的可能
v.使初次了解/尝试
adj.有经验的
4.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.
_______________
5.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.________________________
adj.令人惊叹的
adj.必不可少的,极其重要的
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2026·重庆市学业质量调研抽测)
Dragons,mythical creatures of power and magic,have captured the imagination of people across cultures for centuries.However,the perception and symbolism of dragons differ significantly between Eastern and Western cultures.
In the East,particularly in China,the dragon is a respectable symbol of power,strength,and good luck.It is often associated with the element of water and is believed to have the ability to control rain and floods.The Chinese dragon most resembles a snake,and has four claws and no wings.It also represents the imperial power,so ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes with dragon patterns,which were known as dragon robes.The dragon is often used in traditional art and festivals in China,such as the Dragon Boat Festival.Many Chinese view the dragon as a national representative,thus proudly referring to themselves as “Generations of the Dragon”.
In contrast,Western dragon culture portrays dragons as fearsome,fire-breathing creatures that spread violence and terror throughout the land.They are typically shown with large,bat-like wings,sharp claws,and a long tail.Western dragons are known for guarding vast piles of gold and jewels and are often defeated by heroes in various stories.They symbolize chaos and destruction,and their defeat is seen as a triumph of good over evil.
Despite these differences,dragons in both cultures are seen as powerful and wise beings.They are a source of fascination and have inspired countless stories,art,and even modern-day movies and games.The dragon’s ability to fly and its connection to the element make it a symbol of freedom and the ability to overcome obstacles.Today,dragons continue to evolve,exceeding traditional boundaries and finding new significance in global culture.They are no longer associated with evil or good,but rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了东西方文化中龙的形象及其象征意义存在显著差异。
1.What do Western and Eastern dragons have in common
A.They are intelligent and powerful.
B.They are in the shape of snakes.
C.They have rough skin and tails.
D.They have big claws and wings.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Despite these differences,dragons in both cultures are seen as powerful and wise beings.”可知,东西方的龙都被视为强大和智慧的生物。A项的“intelligent and powerful”与文中的“powerful and wise”表意一致。
2.Why do Chinese call themselves “Generations of the Dragon”
A.They can see dragons everywhere in China.
B.They regard the dragon as a symbol of China.
C.Dragons are considered as mythical creatures in China.
D.Chinese emperors’ clothes were decorated with dragons.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段对中国龙的介绍,尤其是“Many Chinese view the dragon as a national representative,thus proudly referring to themselves as ‘Generations of the Dragon’.”可知,中国人把龙视为国家的象征,所以称自己是“龙的传人”。B项的“a symbol of China”与文中的“a national representative”是同义转换。
3.What roles do dragons play in modern global culture
A.They symbolize both good and evil.
B.They are still associated with disasters.
C.They represent freedom and destruction.
D.They are seen as comprehensive characters.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“They are...complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations.”可知,如今,龙在现代全球文化中被视为具有独特个性和动机的复杂角色,与D项意义对应。
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To compare Eastern and Western dragons.
B.To show the evolution of dragons in literature.
C.To highlight cultural differences between Eastern and Western dragons.
D.To argue for the importance of dragons in modern society.
√
解析　写作目的题。通读全文,尤其是第一段最后一句“However,the perception and symbolism...and Western cultures.”可知,文章主要围绕东西方龙文化的差异展开,通过对比阐述了不同文化对龙的认识和龙的象征意义。因此,作者写本文的目的是强调东西方龙文化的差异。
(2026·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟一)
If you ever feel that the world is against you,you are not alone.We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong,the fault lies in some great intrigue (诡计) against us.If a co-worker fails to meet the deadline,he must be trying to beat you to a promotion.When Wi-Fi in a coffee shop is not working,the staff must be lying about having it just to attract you in.
But the fact is that the simple conclusions,which we tend to jump to,are barely true.Maybe your co-worker thought today was Tuesday,not Wednesday.Maybe the Wi-Fi just went wrong.This is where Hanlon’s razor works—a useful mental model that one should never consider what can be fully explained by neglect (疏忽) as doing harm on purpose.
Applying Hanlon’s razor,a helpful tool for rapid decision-making and comprehension,in our daily lives makes us less judgmental,and improves our reasoning skills.Meanwhile,Hanlon’s razor allows us to have more empathy (同感) and teaches us not to assume the worst intention in the actions of others,the value of which is most reflected in relationships,business matters,and personal happiness.
We all lead complex lives where things are constantly going wrong.When this occurs,a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.When someone messes up around us,we forget how many times we,too,have done the same.Instead,the perpetrator becomes a source of intense annoyance.
To assume intention in such a situation is likely to worsen the problem.None of us can ever know what someone else wants.Inability or neglect is far more likely to be the genuine cause than the desire to hurt.When a situation annoys us,it can be valuable to consider if those emotions are necessary.Often,the best way to react to other people causing us problems is by seeking to communicate with them,not to dismiss them.In this way,we can avoid a repeat of the same situation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉隆剃刀思维模型,即不要把可以用疏忽来充分解释的事情视为故意伤害,阐述了其在日常生活中的应用及意义,还说明了当他人造成问题时应采取的正确态度。
5.What can we learn about Hanlon’s razor
A.It is a way to solve colleagues’ problems.
B.It avoids taking neglect as intentional harm.
C.It is a device for restoring Wi-Fi connection.
D.It identifies who is responsible for mistakes.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This is where Hanlon’s razor works...as doing harm on purpose.”可知,汉隆剃刀是一种有用的思维模型,它让人们不要把能被疏忽解释的事情当作故意伤害,故选B项。B项的“avoids taking neglect as intentional harm”与文中的“never consider what can be fully explained by neglect (疏忽) as doing harm on purpose”为同义转换。
6.What do we usually do when things fail
A.We turn to trustworthy persons.
B.We change current situations.
C.We deal with negative emotions.
D.We misjudge others’ intention.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong,the fault lies in some great intrigue (诡计) against us.”以及第四段的“When this occurs,a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.”可知,当事情出错时,我们往往倾向于认为是他人故意针对我们,即误判他人的意图,所以D项正确。D项的“misjudge others’ intention”是对文中的“assume they have bad intention”的同义转换。
7.What does the underlined “the perpetrator” in paragraph 4 refer to
A.The mind reader. B.The error maker.
C.The problem solver. D.The event planner.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段的“When someone messes up around us...a source of intense annoyance.”可知,当周围有人搞砸事情时,我们会把这个人当作极度恼火的源头,这里的“the perpetrator”指搞砸事情、犯错的人,故选B项。
8.What is suggested when others cause problems
A.Losing temper with them. B.Putting them on the spot.
C.Exchanging ideas with them. D.Turning a blind eye to them.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Often,the best way to react to other people causing us problems is by seeking to communicate with them,not to dismiss them.”可知,当他人给我们带来问题时,最好的应对方式是尝试与他们沟通交流,而不是不理会他们,故选C项。C项“Exchanging ideas with them”与文中的“seeking to communicate with them”是同义转换。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2026·合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测)
Four-year-old Alan,who suffered from a serious disease,had one dream—to be a garbage truck driver.He was on the weekly lookout for trucks,and he even 　1　 himself as a garbage man at the kindergarten costume show.
On July 10,Alan went one step further when a charity and his local waste management crew made him an honorary 　2　 for three days.He had the opportunity to participate in the 　3　 of the city beauticians.
At dawn,Alan started the road trip with the crew members.“Alan was a little 　4　 when he first started,for early mornings were tough for him,” said one of the waste management drivers.　5　,that small reality check was not enough to reduce Alan’s 　6　.After getting used to his early hours,he got to clock in with a special timecard and 　7　 learn what it takes to be a garbage man.Alan got to 　8　 every part of being a garbage truck man.
His day ended with a special 　9　 as he got to ride alongside another driver.A crowd of community members gathered to 　10　 Alan for what he had done.It was a truly 　11　 day for him.
The amazing experience was all thanks to the local charity organization,and Alan wasn’t the only person who got to 　12　 the day.“We are so happy the support from all the kind-hearted individuals always 　13　 with him,” Alan’s mom commented.“We are so happy he finally 　14　 his dream.The kindness of others has truly made a 　15　 in Alan’s life,” she added with a grateful smile.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了四岁的Alan患有严重的疾病,他的梦想是成为一名垃圾车司机,一家当地的慈善组织帮他实现了愿望。
1.A.classified B.dressed
C.recognized D.treated
√
解析　空前提到Alan的梦想是成为一名垃圾车司机,他每周都在留意卡车,再根据空后的“himself as a garbage man at the kindergarten costume show”可知,他甚至在幼儿园服装展上把自己装扮(dressed)成清洁工。classify“将……分类,划分,界定”;recognize“承认,意识到”;treat“对待,看待”。
2.A.captain B.pilot
C.citizen D.collector
√
解析　根据上文的“a garbage truck driver”和下文的“a garbage man”可知,一家慈善组织及其当地的垃圾管理团队使他成为三天的荣誉垃圾清运工。故选D (collector“收集者”)。captain“队长,组长”;pilot“飞行员,领航员”;citizen“市民”。
3.A.routine B.strategy
C.ceremony D.program
√
解析　根据下文的“Alan got to 　　　　every part of being a garbage truck man.”可知,Alan体验了垃圾清运工的常规(routine)。strategy“策略”;ceremony“仪式,典礼”;program“计划,方案,活动安排”。
4.A.confident B.proud
C.resistant D.tired
√
解析　根据上文的“At dawn,Alan started...members.”和下文的“for early mornings were tough for him”可知,由于早上起得早,他刚开始的时候感到有点困倦(tired)。confident“自信的”;proud“骄傲的”;resistant“抵制的”。
5.A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
√
解析　上文提到Alan早上起得早,开始时会感到困倦,下文提到这个小小的现实感检验并不足以降低Alan的热情,前后句存在语意上的转折关系,空处应为表示转折的副词。besides“而且,除此之外”;however“然而”;therefore “因此,所以”;otherwise“否则,不然”。
6.A.pressure B.enthusiasm
C.burden D.responsibility
√
解析　上文提到Alan梦想成为一名垃圾车司机,甚至在幼儿园服装展上把自己装扮成清洁工,由此可知,他对这一工作充满热情。早起的困倦也无法减少他的热情(enthusiasm)。 pressure“压力”;burden“重担,负担”;responsibility“责任”。
7.A.regularly B.immediately
C.gradually D.patiently
√
解析　根据空前的“After getting used to his early hours,he got to clock in with a special timecard”可知,在习惯了早起之后,他开始用一张特殊的考勤卡打卡,逐渐(gradually)学会了如何成为一名清洁工。regularly“定期地,有规律地”;immediately“立即,马上”;patiently“有耐心地”。
8.A.experience B.control
C.adjust D.promote
√
解析　根据上文的“learn what it takes to be a garbage man”可知,他体验(experience)了当垃圾车工人的每一个环节。control“控制”;adjust“调整,适应”;promote“提升,促进”。
9.A.send-off B.check-in
C.warm-up D.show-off
√
解析　根据空前的“His day ended”和空后的“A crowd of community members...for what he had done.”可知,Alan的一天结束了,一群人来给他送行。send-off“送行,送别”;check-in“签到”;warm-up“准备活动,热身练习”;show-off “爱炫耀的人”。
10.A.blame B.forgive
C.thank D.punish
√
解析　根据空后的“for what he had done”可知,一群社区成员聚集在一起,感谢(thank)Alan所做的一切。blame“责备”;forgive“原谅,宽恕”;punish“惩罚”。
11.A.relaxing B.incredible
C.challenging D.regretful
√
解析　根据上文可知,在慈善机构的帮助下,Alan体验了清洁工的工作,实现了他的梦想,因此这一天对他来说是极好的,故选B(incredible“极好的”)。下文的“The amazing experience”也是提示。relaxing“令人放松的”;challenging“富于挑战性的”;regretful“令人惋惜的,遗憾的”。
12.A.miss B.transform
C.survive D.enjoy
√
解析　根据上文的“The amazing experience”可知,Alan这一天过得非常开心,故选D(enjoy“喜欢,享受……的乐趣”)。miss“想念,错过”;transform“使改观,使转化”;survive“生存,存活,继续存在”。
13.A.stick B.agree
C.compete D.negotiate
√
解析　根据语境可知,这些热心的人帮助Alan实现了梦想,他们的支持将一直陪伴着他。stick with“持续;不分离”。agree“同意,赞同”;compete“竞争”;negotiate“谈判,协商”。
14.A.set aside B.worked out
C.lived out D.went after
√
解析　根据上文可知,Alan的梦想是成为一名垃圾车司机,在热心人的帮助下,他终于实现了梦想。live out“实现某事(指已计划或想做的事)”;set aside“暂时不考虑(或放一放)”;work out“找……的答案,解决”;go after“追逐,追求”。
15.A.deal B.point
C.choice D.difference
√
解析　根据上文可知,别人的善意改变了Alan的生活。make a difference是固定搭配,意为“有影响”。deal“交易”;point“观点,要点”;choice“选择”。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2026·甘肃一诊暨甘肃省高三月考试卷)
China’s zongzi culture boasts a rich and time-honored history. 1.　　　　　　 (it) related stories and legends have been passed down for thousands of years and are known to every Chinese household. During 2.　　　　 Warring States Period,it’s said that a patriotic poet from the State of Chu named Qu Yuan threw himself into a river after the state was conquered.The people of Chu were 3.　　　 (deep)
saddened, and they went to the river to remember him.In order to protect his body from 4.　　　　　　 (eat) by fish and shrimp,people threw rice dumplings into the river every year 5.　　　　　　 the anniversary of his death.The dumplings became known as zongzi.
The ingredients 6.　　　 (use) to make zongzi vary from region to region,so there are many differences in shape and taste.Most are made with plain white glutinous rice.The northern 7.　　　 (variety) are usually sweet,with ingredients such as sugar,a red bean paste and
dates.Southern zongzi are savory—especially those from Jiaxing in Zhejiang.
During the Dragon Boat Festival,zongzi are not only enjoyed for their cooking appeal 8.　　　　　　 also cherished for their cultural significance.Families gather to make and share the treat,9._______ (strength) bonds and fostering a sense of community.Eating zongzi during the festival 10.　　　　　　 (believe) to bring good luck and stop evil spirits,making it an essential part of the celebrations.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了端午节的起源、粽子的种类以及节日习俗等。
1.Its　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词stories和legends,故用形容词性物主代词,又因位于句首首字母要大写,故填Its。句意:它的相关故事和传说流传了几千年,在中国家喻户晓。]
2.the　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,此处Warring States Period为特指,应用定冠词the。句意:相传战国时期,楚国被占领后,一位名叫屈原的楚国爱国诗人投河自尽。]
3.deeply　[考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词,故填deeply。句意:楚国人民非常悲伤,他们来到河边纪念他。]
4.being eaten　[考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词from之后,应用动词-ing形式;根据语境和空后的by可知,eat与body之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故填being eaten。句意:为了保护他的身体不被鱼虾吃掉,人们每年都在他的忌日把粽子扔进河里。]
5.on　[考查介词。短语on the anniversary of 表示“在……周年纪念日”。故填on。]
6.used　[考查非谓语动词。句中vary是谓语动词,空处应用非谓语动词形式;根据语境可知,此处use与ingredients构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填used。句意:粽子的制作材料因地区而异,所以在形状和味道上有很多不同。]
7.varieties　[考查名词的单复数。根据谓语动词are可知此处的主语应该为复数。故填varieties。句意:北方的品种通常是甜的,配料包括糖、红豆沙和海枣。]
8.but　[考查固定搭配。此处为句型not only... but also...,表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。句意:在端午节期间,粽子不仅因其烹饪吸引力而受到欢迎,而且因其文化意义而受到珍视。]
9.strengthening　[考查词性转换和非谓语动词。句中gather是谓语动词,空处应用非谓语动词形式;此处表示“加强联系”,故应先将名词strength变为动词strengthen;再根据语境可知,此处strengthen与Families构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词短语作状语。句意:家人聚在一起制作和分享这种食物,加强联系,培养社群意识。]
10.is believed　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Eating zongzi与谓语动词believe“认为有可能”之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态;且此处在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为动名词短语,谓语应用单数。故填is believed。句意:据信,在节日期间吃粽子能带来好运且能辟邪,使它成了庆祝活动的必不可少的组成部分。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.1:mythical adj.神秘的,神奇的　capture v.引起(注意、想象、兴趣)　perception n.认识,观念,看法　Para.2:resemble v.类似,像　imperial adj.帝国的,皇帝的
Para.4:fascination n.着迷,迷恋　obstacle n.障碍,阻碍,妨碍　boundary n.限度,界限,极限
B Para.1:tendency n.倾向;趋势　Para.4:intense adj.强烈的,剧烈的
Para.5:inability n.不能,无能为力　dismiss v.拒绝考虑,不理会
语法填空 Para.1:boast v.有(值得自豪的东西)　conquer v.占领,攻克,征服
Para.2:ingredient n.成分,(尤指烹饪)原料　Para.3:bond n.纽带,关系
核心短语 A Para.2:be associated with与……有关,与……有联系　Para.4:a source of……的来源
B Para.1:beat sb to sth抢先,捷足先登
难句分析 B This is —a useful mental model
.(Para.2)
译文:这就是汉隆剃刀起作用的方式——一种有用的思维模型,即我们绝不应该把那些能用疏忽来充分解释的事情视为故意伤害。
难句分析 语法填空
.(Para.1)
译文:在战国时期,据说有一位来自楚国的爱国诗人(名叫屈原)在国家被征服后投河自尽了。
Thanks！
本
讲
内
容
结
束Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.carnival n.　　　　 狂欢节;嘉年华
2.costume n. (某地或某历史时期的)服装;戏装
3.riddle n. 谜语;神秘事件
4.samba n. 桑巴舞;桑巴舞曲
5.make-up n. 化妆品;性格;构成方式
[敲黑板]make-up是由make+up构成的合成词。
6.church n. (基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂
7.evil adj. 邪恶的;有害的;罪恶的
n. 邪恶;罪恶;恶行
8.pudding n. 布丁;(餐末的)甜食
9.turkey n. 火鸡;火鸡肉
10.archery n. 射箭术;射箭运动
11.robe n. 袍服;礼袍
12.eagle n. 雕
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.lantern n. 灯笼;提灯
2.march vi.& n. 行进;前进;示威游行
3.ceremony n. 典礼;仪式
4.crop n. 庄稼;作物;一季的收成
5.firecracker n. 鞭炮;爆竹
6.medium n.(pl.media) 媒介;手段;方法
adj. 中等的;中号的
7.eve n. 前夕;前一天
8.envelope n. 信封;塑料封套
9.pumpkin n. 南瓜
10.firework n. 烟火;烟花;[pl.]烟花表演
11.inner adj. 内部的;里面的;内心的
12.autonomous adj. 自治的;有自治权的
13.region n. 地区;区域;地带
14.grace n. 优美;优雅;高雅
15.moment n. 片刻;瞬间
16.tent n. 帐篷
17.pot n. 罐;壶;锅
18.wedding n. 婚礼;结婚庆典
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.range n.一系列;范围、界限;种类;山脉vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
①a range of topics　　　 一系列的话题
②the range of choices 可选择的范围
③range across many subjects 包括许多学科
④range in length 长度变动
⑤a mountain range 一座山脉
2.figure n.人物;数字;身材vt.认为;认定;弄明白;计算
①a historical figure 历史人物
②statistical figures 统计数字
③a slim figure 苗条的身材
④figure out 弄明白
3.harvest n.收获季节;收获;收成vi.& vt.收割(庄稼);捕猎(动物、鱼)
①the harvest season 收获季节
②the annual harvest 每年的收获
③a good harvest 好的收成
④harvest the crops 收割庄稼
⑤harvest animals 捕猎动物
4.gather vi.聚集;集合vt.聚集;搜集;收割 vt.& vi.认为;猜想
①gather around the teacher 聚集在老师周围
②gather the students 聚集学生
③gather the crops 收割庄稼
5.feature vt.以……为特色;由……主演n.特色;特征;特点;特写,专题节目
①feature interesting activities 以有趣的活动为特色
②a key feature 关键特点
③a feature about the school’s history 学校历史的特写
6.fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失;(使)褪色;(身体)变得虚弱
①fade with time 随着时间逐渐消失
②fade after washing 洗后褪色
③fade after the long illness长时间的病痛后变得虚弱
7.atmosphere n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
①a friendly atmosphere 友好的气氛
②a relaxing atmosphere 放松的氛围
③the Earth’s atmosphere 地球的大气层
8.roast adj.烤的;焙的 vi.& vt.烘烤;焙
①roast chicken 烤鸡
②roast potatoes 烤土豆
9.lunar adj.阴历的;月球的;月亮的
①a lunar calendar 阴历
②the lunar surface 月球表面
③a lunar eclipse 月全食
10.fancy adj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的vt.想要;倾慕;自认为是
①fancy decorations 花哨的装饰
②a fancy necklace 精致的项链
③a fancy car 昂贵的汽车
11.brief adj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的
①a brief message 简洁的信息
②a brief explanation 简单的解释
③a brief break 短暂的休息
12.branch n.树枝;分支;支流
①a tree branch 树枝
②a bank branch 银行分行
③a branch of a river 河流支流
13.clap vt.鼓掌;拍手;击掌n.鼓掌;拍手;掌声
①clap one’s hands 拍手
②give a clap 鼓掌
[敲黑板]clap的过去式、过去分词及动词-ing形式为:clapped、clapped、clapping。
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.congratulate vt.　 向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪
congratulation n. 祝贺;恭喜;(pl.)贺词
2.origin n. 起源;起因;出身
original adj. 最初的;原创的
n. 原件;原稿;原作
originally adv. 本来;原来
3.religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰
religious adj. 宗教的;笃信宗教的
4.charm n. 魅力;迷人的特征;咒语
v. 吸引,迷住;向……施魔法
charmed adj. 着迷的
charming adj. 有魅力的;迷人的
5.joy n. 高兴;喜悦
joyful adj. 高兴的;快乐的
joyfully adv. 开心地
6.gratitude n. 感激之情;感谢
grateful adj. 感激的;表示感谢的
7.agriculture n. 农业;农艺
agricultural adj. 农业(劳动/生产)
8.decorate vt. 装饰;装潢
decoration n. 装饰;装潢
9.significant adj. 有重大意义的;显著的;重要的
insignificant adj. 微不足道的;无足轻重的
significance n. 重要性,意义;意思,含义
significantly adv. 重要地;显著地
[敲黑板]significant的反义词是加前缀in-。
10.typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的;平常的
typically adv. 典型地;有代表性地
11.commercial adj. 商业(化)的;以获利为目的的
commercialise(NAmE also-ize) vt. 使商业化;利用……牟利
commercialisation(NAmE also-ization) n. 商业化
12.reflect vt. 显示;反映;反射
vi. 认真思考
reflection n. 反映;思考;映射;反射;倒影
13.belief n. 信仰;信心;信任
disbelief n. 不信;怀疑
believe vt. 相信
believable adj. 可以相信的
unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
[敲黑板]belief的反义词是加前缀dis-。
14.faith n. 宗教信仰;信任;相信
faithful adj. 忠诚的;虔诚的
faithfully adv. 虔诚地
15.occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会
occasional adj. 偶然的,偶尔的
occasionally adv. 偶尔;间或
16.merry adj. 愉快的;高兴的
merrily adv. 高兴地;愉快地
17.pleased adj. 高兴的;满意的
please vt. 使满意;使愉快
pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
pleasure n. 愉快;令人高兴的事
18.frank adj. 坦率的;直率的
frankly adv. 坦率地;直率地
19.represent vt. 象征;代表;相当于;描述;清楚说明
representative n. 代表adj.典型的;有代表性的
20.wrestle vi.& vt. 摔跤;奋力对付
wrestler n. 摔跤运动员
wrestling n. 摔跤运动
21.absolutely adv. 绝对地;完全地
absolute adj. 绝对的;完全的
22.respect n.& vt. 尊敬;尊重
n. 敬意;方面
respectful adj. 恭敬的;表示敬意的
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的
respectively adv. 各自;分别
23.horrible adj. 令人震惊的;恐怖的;极坏的
horror n. 畏惧;憎恶;震惊
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.dress (sb) up 穿上盛装;装扮
2.after all 毕竟;别忘了
3.range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
4.fade away 逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
5.in spite of 不管;尽管
6.take advantage of 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
7.have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
8.to be frank 坦白说;坦率地说
9.go off 爆炸;走火;离开
10.except for 除……之外
11.set off 出发;动身;启程;燃放(烟花);引起,激起
(二)主题词块
1.wear traditional costumes　 穿传统服装
2.get together 聚集
3.admire the shining moon 欣赏明月
4.enjoy delicious mooncakes 品尝美味的月饼
5.over time 随着时间的推移
6.drive away the evil spirits 赶走恶灵
7.online shopping websites 网上的购物网站
8.social media 社交媒体
9.relax and enjoy life 放松并享受生活
10.enjoy the relaxing atmosphere 享受轻松的氛围
11.wave one’s arms in the air 在空中挥舞着手臂
12.feel really tired 感到十分疲倦
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals.(no matter+疑问词)
然而,无论它们看起来多么不同,分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神在世界各地的所有节日之中都是一样的。
2.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(with复合结构)
节日正变得越来越商业化,商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
3.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.[make it+adj./n.+(for sb) to do sth]
在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更容易花更多的钱为他们所爱之人购买礼物。
4.I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther.(because引导表语从句)
我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻,马儿才能跑得更快、更远。
5.After singing some songs,the competitors danced onto the green field,waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.(动作描写)
几首歌唱毕,选手们开始在绿色的草地上翩翩起舞,他们挥动着双臂,如雕一般。
构词法日积月累
re-(再,又)+spect(看)→一再注视→respect尊敬
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.carnival n.狂欢节;嘉年华
2.costume n.(某地或某历史时期的)服装;戏装
3.riddle n.谜语;神秘事件
4.church n.(基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂
5.turkey n.火鸡;火鸡肉
6.eagle n.雕
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.range n.一系列;范围、界限;种类;山脉 vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
2.figure n.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定;弄明白;计算
3.harvest n.收获季节;收获;收成 vi.& vt.收割(庄稼);捕猎(动物、鱼)
4.gather vi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割vt.& vi.认为;猜想
5.feature vt.以……为特色;由……主演 n.特色;特征;特点;特写,专题节目
6.atmosphere n.气氛;氛围;(地球的)大气(层)
7.fancy adj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的 vt.想要;倾慕;自认为是
8.moment n.片刻;瞬间
9.tent n.帐篷
10.brief adj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的
11.branch n.树枝;分支;支流
12.wedding n.婚礼;结婚庆典
13.clap vt.鼓掌;拍手;击掌 n.鼓掌;拍手;掌声
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪→congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜;(pl.)贺词
2.charm n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语 v.吸引,迷住;向……施魔法→charmed adj.着迷的→charming adj.有魅力的;迷人的
3.joy n.高兴;喜悦→joyful adj.高兴的;快乐的→joyfully adv.开心地
4.decorate vt.装饰;装潢→decoration n.装饰;装潢
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的→insignificant adj.微不足道的;无足轻重的→significance n.重要性,意义;意思,含义→significantly adv.重要地;显著地
6.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的→typically adv.典型地;有代表性地
7.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射→reflection n.反映;思考;映射;反射;倒影
8.belief n.信仰;信心;信任→disbelief n.不信;怀疑→believe vt.相信→believable adj.可以相信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
9.occasion n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会→occasional adj.偶然的,偶尔的→occasionally adv.偶尔;间或
10.please vt.使满意;使愉快→pleased adj.高兴的;满意的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n.愉快;令人高兴的事
11.frank adj.坦率的;直率的→frankly adv.坦率地;直率地
12.represent vt.象征;代表;相当于;描述;清楚说明→representative n.代表 adj.典型的;有代表性的
13.respect n.& vt.尊敬;尊重n.敬意;方面→respectful adj.恭敬的;表示敬意的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的→respectively adv.各自;分别
Ⅳ.重点短语
1.dress (sb) up穿上盛装;装扮
2.range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
3.set off出发;动身;启程;燃放(烟花);引起;激起
4.go off爆炸;走火;离开
5.fade away逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
6.have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
7.in spite of 不管;尽管
8.take advantage of 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
9.except for 除……之外
10.after all 毕竟;别忘了
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
节日正变得越来越商业化,商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。
2.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序使人们更容易花更多的钱为他们所爱之人购买礼物。
3.I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther.
我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻,马儿才能跑得更快、更远。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The hour-long programme will be updated each week and feature (以……为特色) highlights from recent games.
2.We enjoy Mr Wang’s class because he is good at creating an atmosphere (氛围) where everyone can voice their opinions freely.
3.Striving for success without hard work is like trying to harvest (收获) where you haven’t planted seeds.
4.Throughout all these years,many great figures (人物) have made significant contributions to the development of the Silk Road.
5.This restaurant wins great popularity with its customers for its wide range of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
6.A great many students are gathering around the school gate,curious to know what has happened.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
charm;congratulate;decorate;joy;origin;occasional;reflect;significant
1.I’d like to express my sincere congratulations on your admission to the key university.
2.Usually a child’s behavior is a reflection of his family environment.
3.There is no doubt that the protection of traditional Chinese culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity.
4.He found the villagers sitting there and engaging in active and joyful conversations.
5.The bright paper lanterns were simple decorations that made the hall feel cheerful.
6.I bet this trip will not only impress me with the charming country scenery but also further awaken my love for Scottish culture.
7.Her original painting style combines traditional techniques with modern artistic concepts beautifully.
8.The weather in this region is occasionally rainy,making it perfect for hiking on cooler days.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
after all;dress up;except for;fade away;go off;in spite of;set off;take advantage of
1.As long as we don’t lose heart,in spite of such a serious natural disaster,we shall overcome the difficulty.
2.A few minutes later the bomb went off,destroying the vehicle.
3.On Halloween children dress up and go to their neighbours’ home to ask for sweets.
4.Your enthusiasm for running may soon fade away.However,only with persistence can you have a stronger body.
5.We set off on a road trip to the beach,planning to relax and enjoy the sun after a busy week of studying.
6.After all,it was his first attempt at cooking,so we didn’t mind that the meal wasn’t perfect.
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
1.The couple were walking along the path,with their pet dog following them.(动作描写;with复合结构)
这对夫妇沿着小路走着,他们的宠物狗跟在后面。
2.As you see in the short video clip,the members of Spoken English Club make it a rule to communicate with each other in English on a daily basis.(活动介绍,make it+adj./n.+(for sb) to do sth]
正如你在短视频中看到的,英语口语俱乐部的成员把每天用英语彼此交流当成习惯。
3.The mother’s eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray.It was because the twins gave her a surprising gift.(动作+神态描写;because引导表语从句)
母亲一看到早餐托盘就睁大了眼睛。那是因为这对双胞胎给了她一份令人惊讶的礼物。
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
With the Chinese New Year 1.approaching (approach),people gather with their families,enjoying food and relaxation.The decorations,ranging 2.from lanterns to red couplets,decorate homes and streets,creating a festive atmosphere.The figure of the dragon,a symbol of power and charm,3.features (feature) in many parades.Joy fills the air as everyone is 4.grateful (gratitude) for the blessings of the year.This holiday is typical in its focus on family and faith,5.reflecting (reflect) a belief in good fortune that will never fade away.
Passage 2
I celebrated the Lunar New Year with my family.We dressed 1.up in fancy clothes for the occasion.The origin of this celebration is rich with history,and it is 2.because it marks the beginning of a new year in the lunar calendar.On the eve of the holiday,the atmosphere was full of excitement.We 3.roasted (roast) delicious food and enjoy the fireworks.To be frank,the fireworks went off loudly,filling the sky with beautiful colors.We all clapped and felt 4.pleased (please).It was 5.absolutely (absolute) a moment to remember!
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
1.congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜;(pl.)贺词[congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)为自己感到自豪]
佳句背诵　
Congratulations to her on her success poured in,and she couldn’t help but feel a sense of pride.(心理描写)
对她成功的祝贺纷至沓来,她不禁感到一种自豪感。
以练促学　一句多译
①我衷心祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。
→I’d like to sincerely congratulate you on your winning first place in the English Speech Competition.(congratulate)
→I’d like to express/offer/send my sincere congratulations to you on your winning first place in the English Speech Competition.(congratulation)
用法归纳
·a letter of congratulation 祝贺信
express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb on sth因某事向某人致以祝贺
·congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺
教考衔接　语段训练
②I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.“Congratulations again! I knew you had it in you,” he said warmly,signaling me to take a seat.(动作+语言描写;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我领奖后去了老师办公室。“再次祝贺!我知道你有这个实力。”他热情地说着,示意我坐下。
2.range n.一系列;范围、界限;种类;山脉 vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
佳句背诵　
The weather here ranges between cold and warm,depending on the time of year.(天气描写)
这儿的天气在寒冷到温暖之间变化,这取决于一年中的时节。
以练促学　语块填空/单句写作
①The peak was beyond our range (超出我们的能力) as thick fog rolled in,forcing us to abandon the climb.
②The essay should be within/in the range of 300 to 500 words,focusing on the importance of environmental protection.(征稿)
文章应该在300到500字之内,重点是环境保护的重要性。
用法归纳
·a full/wide range of... 大范围的……;各种……
in/within the range of...　 在……范围内
beyond one’s range 超出某人的能力
·range from...to... 包括从……到……之间
range between...and... 在……到……之间变动
教考衔接　单句写作
③Moreover,you can arrange a wide range of activities,which range from a walking tour around the city to explore the green spaces in Beijing to planting trees to contribute to the city’s green future.(建议信;2023·北京卷)
此外,你可以组织各种各样的活动,从步行游览城市,探索北京的绿色空间,到植树,为城市的绿色未来做出贡献。
3.figure n.数字;人物;身材 vt.认为;认定;弄明白;计算
佳句背诵　
Her friends often congratulate her on having a good figure,but she knows it takes effort.
朋友们经常夸她身材好,但她知道这需要付出努力。
以练促学　语块填空/单句写作
①When planning the budget,we need to figure in (计算在内) the cost of transportation,as it will be a significant expense for the trip.
②I figured on (打算) attending the party,but I received an unexpected invitation to another event.
③She exercises regularly to keep her figure,participating in activities like running or swimming.(人物描写)
她定期锻炼保持体形,参加跑步或游泳等活动。
用法归纳
·keep one’s figure　 保持体形
have a good figure 身材好
·figure out 理解;计算出;弄清楚
figure in sth 将某事物包括在内/计算在内
figure on 计划;打算;预料到
教考衔接　单句写作
④Students will enjoy trying to figure out who is behind each set of clues,and it will bring our class closer together as we share personal details in a playful manner.(建议信;2025·全国一卷)
学生们会喜欢尝试弄清楚每条线索对应的人物,在以轻松有趣的方式分享个人细节的过程中,它会将我们整个班级的关系变得更加紧密。
4.grateful adj.感激的;表示感谢的(gratitude n.感激之情;感谢)
佳句背诵　
We will be grateful if you could accept our invitation.(邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
如果您能接受我们的邀请,我们将不胜感激。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I am grateful to you for decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.
②I’d like to take this opportunity to convey my gratitude to you.(感谢信)
我想借此机会向你表达我的感激之情。
用法归纳
be grateful to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而感激某人
I would be grateful if you could do... 如果你能做……,我将不胜感激。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Soon,I boarded the bus and gave my newest friend a grateful smile,waving goodbye to him.(动作描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
不久,我上了公交车,给了我的新朋友一个感激的微笑,并向他挥手道别。
5.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的;重要的 (insignificant adj.微不足道的;无足轻重的significantly adv.重要地;显著地significance n.重要性,意义;意思,含义)
佳句背诵　
China’s high-speed trains not only connect cities efficiently,shortening travel time significantly,but also symbolize China’s technological leap.(事物介绍;2024·全国甲卷)
中国的高速列车不仅高效连接城市,大幅缩短通行时间,而且象征着中国的技术飞跃。
以练促学　语块填空
①The teacher attaches significance to (重视) students’ participation in class activities.
②It is significant that (很重要) she chose to continue studying after failure.
用法归纳
·be significant (to)=be of significance (to) (对……来说)很重要
It is significant that... ……很重要
·attach significance to... 重视;认为……重要
教考衔接　单句写作
③World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is of significance/is significant.(演讲稿;2022·全国甲卷)
设立世界海洋日是为了让人们意识到保护海洋是很重要的。
片段巩固
用congratulation;range;figure;grateful;significant完成有关学习进步的续写片段
写作提示:老师给了我很多鼓励→弄清楚我的优缺点→我各个科目的成绩都有所提高→老师表扬了我显著的进步并写信向我表示祝贺→我感谢老师的无私奉献
My teacher encouraged me a lot.She helped me figure out my strengths and weaknesses.With her help,my grades improved within a wide range of subjects,from math to English.She praised me for the significant progress I made in my studies and wrote a letter to send her congratulations to me.I’m grateful for her selfless devotion.
6.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的(typically adv.典型地;有代表性地)
佳句背诵　
It’s typical of our maths teacher to be very patient with us.
数学老师一贯对我们非常有耐心。
以练促学　单句语法填空
①The way she volunteers to help others is typical of her generous personality.
②Typically (typical),he would come in late and then say that he had to go early.
用法归纳
be typical of 　　　 是……特有的;是……的特点
It is typical of sb to do sth. 某人做某事是经常的。
教考衔接　单句写作
③As a British native,you are capable to share one or two typical traditions to us.(邀请信;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
作为一个英国本地人,您一定能够与我们分享一到两个典型的传统。
7.reflect vt.显示;反映;反射 vi.认真思考 (reflection n.反映;思考;映射;反射;倒影)
佳句背诵　
David lowered his head,reflecting on/upon what I said to him just now.(动作+心理描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫低下头,反思我刚才对他说的话。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空
①With the sun fading away below the horizon,he was lost in reflection(reflect) again.
②On reflection (再三考虑),I saw that joining the dance club was a turning point in my life.
③I painted a beautiful lake with ducks swimming and trees reflected in (倒映在) the water.
用法归纳
·reflect on/upon　　　 沉思;认真思考
be reflected in 倒映在;反映在
·on reflection 反思;经再三考虑
be lost in reflection/thought 陷入反思/思考中
教考衔接　语段训练
④Toby wasn’t just a pet;he was my brother’s rock.How could I have forced him to leave his dog out in the rain The more I reflected,the heavier my guilt grew.(心理描写;2025·全国一卷)
托比不仅是一只宠物,更是我兄弟的情感支柱。我怎能狠心让他的狗在大雨中无处容身 我越想,愧疚感就越沉重。
8.represent vt.象征;代表;相当于;描述;清楚说明(representative n.代表 adj.典型的;有代表性的)
佳句背诵　
I feel it a great honour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.(演讲稿)
我非常荣幸代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛。
以练促学　单句写作
①I will represent my ideas to you in a clear and simple way,making sure that each point is easy to follow.
我会用清晰、简单的方式向您说明我的想法,确保每个观点都易于理解。
②She represents her mother as/to be one of the kindest ones in the world.(人物描写)
她把她的母亲描绘成世界上最善良的母亲之一。
用法归纳
·represent sb/sth as/to be... 宣称某人为……;把某事叙述为……
represent sth to sb 向某人说明(传达)某事
represent sb=on behalf of sb 代表某人
·be (a) representative of 是……的代表/典型
教考衔接　单句写作
③Li Bai was (a) representative of the poets in the Tang Dynasty,who is also one of the poets I admire most.(人物介绍;2023·全国甲卷)
李白是唐朝诗人的代表,也是我最敬佩的诗人之一。
9.respect vt.& n.尊敬;尊重n.敬意;方面 (respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的;相当好的respectful adj.恭敬的;表示敬意的 respectively adv.各自;分别)
佳句背诵　
I really had respect for the mother from the bottom of my heart.She set a good example for her children to follow.(心理+动作描写)
我真的从心底里尊敬这位母亲。她为孩子们树立了一个值得效仿的榜样。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空
①The percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively (respect) 65% and 50%.
②Do give my respects (respect) to your parents when you return to your hometown.
③In every respect (在各个方面) of our life,there are always respectable people (值得尊敬的人).With respect to/In respect of (关于) the person I respect most (我最尊敬),I have to mention my maths teacher.
用法归纳
·respect sb for sth　 因为某事而尊敬某人
·have/show respect for sb 尊重某人
in every respect 在各个方面
in many respects 在许多方面
give one’s respects to sb 代某人向……问候/致意
in respect of=with respect to 至于,关于;就……而言
教考衔接　单句写作
④As I spoke,I noticed the absorbed attention of my classmates,their eyes reflecting curiosity and sincere respects.(神情描写;2025·全国二卷)
在我讲述时,我注意到同学们屏息凝神的专注,他们的眼睛里充满了好奇和真诚的敬意。
[点津]　respect作名词意为“敬意、问候”时,多用复数形式。
10.set off出发;动身;启程;燃放(烟花);引起;激起
佳句背诵　
We set off fireworks to welcome the new year,filling the sky with bright colors and loud booms.(场景描写)
我们燃放烟花迎接新年,夜空中充满了绚丽的色彩和响亮的轰鸣。
以练促学　用set短语填空/单句写作
①At 7 am last Saturday we set off/out for the farm merrily like caged birds newly set free.On arriving at the farm,we set about picking fruits.When we arrived home,we set aside half an hour to set down what we thought of the fruit-picking activity.
②They set about cleaning up/set out to clean up the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast.(动作描写)
他们着手打扫厨房,而他们的父亲帮忙做早餐。
用法归纳
set off for　　　　 动身去(某地)
set aside 把……放到一旁;省出;暂时不考虑
set about(doing sth) 着手/开始做某事
set out (to do sth) 出发;开始做某事
set down 写下;记下;登记
set up 建立;树立;搭起
set free 释放,放走
教考衔接　单句写作
③World Oceans Day was set up to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans,which play a crucial part in global ecosystem.(短文投稿;2022·全国甲卷)
设立世界海洋日是为了提高人们对保护海洋的认识,海洋在全球生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。
片段巩固
用typical;reflect;represent;respect;set off完成庆祝节日的续写片段
写作提示:在春节期间,我们通常会打扫房子→这是一个反思过去一年及欣赏所做之事的时刻→我向长辈问候,因为他们代表了智慧和经验
During the Spring Festival,it is typical for us to clean up our house.It’s a time to reflect on the past year and appreciate what we have.I also give my respects to the elders,as they represent wisdom and experience.
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
1.range
A.n. 一系列　B.n.山脉　C.vi.包括　D.vi.(在一定范围内)变化
①We also have a range of birds and other animals to offer a fun-filled day out for families.(2025·高考综合改革适应性演练)A
②The sports event ranges from soccer and basketball to swimming and tennis,offering many different activities for the students.C
③The temperatures in the desert can range from extremely hot during the day to very cold at night.D
④The Rocky Mountains are a famous mountain range,and many tourists visit them every year to enjoy hiking and skiing.B
2.figure
A.n.人物　B.n.数字　C.n.身材　D.vt.认为;认定
①When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子),Eva figured she would be left in the dust.However,while some of her classmates edged ahead,others actually fell behind.(2024·浙江1月卷)D
②Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged,Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.(2023·全国甲卷)A
③She has a slim figure,which allows her to wear many different styles of clothing with confidence.C
④I noticed that the figure in the report showed an increase in the number of students joining the club this year.B
3.feature
A.n.特色;特征;特点　B.n.特写;专题节目　C.vt.以……为特色　D.vt.由……主演
①This magazine will be running a special feature on education next week.B
②It is a great film,which features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year.D
③These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)A
④This smartphone features a large battery,ensuring two days of comfortable use.C
4.gather
A.vt.聚集　B.vt.搜集　C.vt.收割　D.vt.采集　E.vi.聚集;集合
①The birds,usually around 10 to 15 in number,would gather around her before she even had a chance to take the bag of rice out from her handbag.(2025·高考综合改革适应性演练)E
②The teacher asked us to gather information about different countries for our geography project,which helped us learn more about the world.B
③The farmers gathered the crops in the field before the storm arrived,ensuring that the harvest would not be damaged.C
④The children gathered flowers in the forest,which they later used to decorate their classroom for the festival.D
⑤The boy gathered his toys in the corner,and then went out to play with other children.A
5.fancy
A.adj.花哨的　B.adj.精致的　C.adj.昂贵的　D.vt.想要　E.vt.倾慕　F.vt.自认为是
①He sells poor goods but charges fancy prices.C
②I really fancy a cup of hot chocolate right now.It would be perfect on such a cold day.D
③He fancies himself as a great chef,but his cooking skills still need a lot of improvement. F
④The fancy china in her cupboard was carefully arranged,with delicate patterns and gold accents.B
⑤She wore a fancy dress to the wedding,which sparkled under the sunlight and attracted everyone’s attention.A
⑥He fancied her from the moment they met,admiring her kindness and the way she made everyone feel at ease.E
6.fade　vi.褪色;(身体)变得虚弱;逐渐消失
As summer ends,the vibrant green leaves begin to fade①,gradually turning brown and falling to the ground.My old T-shirt,once bright blue,has also faded② after many washes.I notice that my grandfather is fading③ too;he’s not as energetic as he used to be.Watching these changes reminds me that nothing stays the same forever.①vi.逐渐消失　②vi.褪色　③vi.(身体)变得虚弱
7.To clear the land and harvest the bananas,they decided they needed a male workforce.vt.收割
8.After years of efforts,his company has expanded into a big one with branches all over the world.n.分支
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 前缀auto-表示“自动的,自主的”;前缀micro-表示“微小的”
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)adj.自动化的
2.Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate.(2024·北京卷)adv.自动地
3.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and programmed to run autonomously.(2022·全国乙卷)adv.自动地
4.Jennifer DeBruyn,a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee,who was not involved in the study,says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.(北京卷)n.微生物学家
5.In a low-gravity environment,we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope.n.微生物n.显微镜
No.3　练透写作常用句式
句型公式:because引导表语从句
课本原句:I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther.
我听说这是因为儿童体重更轻,马儿才能跑得更快、更远。
佳句背诵　
It is because China’s young people are now more confident about their own culture,eager to share it with the world.(传统文化)
这是因为中国的年轻人现在对自己的文化更加自信,渴望与世界分享他们的文化。
以练促学　单句写作
①Seen from space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(事物介绍)
从太空看去,地球是蓝色的。这是因为它的表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。
②That’s why more and more people are interested in the Tang Dynasty.(现象介绍)
那就是越来越多的人对唐朝感兴趣的原因。
用法归纳
(1)This/That/It is because...意为“这/那是因为……”,because引导表语从句,表示原因。
(2)This/That is why...意为“这/那就是……的原因”,why引导表语从句,表示结果。
(3)The reason why...is/was that...意为“……的原因是……”,why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语;that引导表语从句,表示原因。
教考衔接　单句写作
③The reason why I love western music is that the piece of music named Fate Symphony by Beethoven has inspired me a lot to move on when I am in difficulty.(事物介绍;天津卷)
我喜欢西方音乐的原因是贝多芬的这首《命运交响曲》在我遇到困难时激励了我继续前进。
维度一　单元知识运用
1.I am not going to the party tonight.It is because I have a lot of homework to do.
2.I would like to send my congratulations (congratulate) to you on winning the first prize in the writing contest.
3.The club has activities,ranging (range) from sports to arts,so there’s something for everyone.
4.We need to figure out a way to reduce our expenses if we want to save money for the trip.
5.I would be grateful if you could help me with this assignment.It’s quite challenging.
6.The speech was of significance (significant) to the community,inspiring many people to volunteer and help others.
7.It is typical of John to help (help) his classmates with their homework.He’s always willing to lend a hand.
8.After the argument,I took some time to reflect on/upon my behavior and realized I was wrong.
9.I respect him for his honesty;he always tells the truth no matter how difficult it is.
10.We set off early in the morning to watch the sunrise at the top of the mountain.
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.In spite of (尽管) the busy week,we 2.dressed up in costumes (穿上了节日的服装) and 3.decorated the house (装饰房子) with festive items.4.To be frank (坦白说),I 5.took advantage of the holiday (利用假期) to relax and spend time with friends.We have 6.a firm belief (坚信) that celebrations should not 7.fade away (消失),and we 8.have a lot in common (有很多共同之处) when it comes to traditions.
维度三　单元话题写作(短文投稿——节日介绍)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
你校英语报正举办主题为“中国传统节日”的征文比赛,请你写一篇短文投稿,介绍你印象最深的节日,内容包括:
1.节日习俗;2.你的感受。
1.Of all Chinese festivals (在所有的中国节日中),the one impressing me most is the Dragon Boat Festival.
As a traditional festival,the Dragon Boat Festival falls on 2.the fifth day of the fifth lunar month (农历五月的第五天).The festival 3.features many activities (以许多活动为特色),4.ranging from the dragon boat races to eating zongzi(从龙舟比赛到吃粽子),which is sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.5.The reason why these activities are held is that (举行这些活动的原因是……;why引导定语从句) these customs are done in memory of Qu Yuan,a poet in ancient times.
As far as I am concerned,6.the origin (起源) of this festival fully 7.reflects people’s love for the country(反映人民对祖国的热爱).Furthermore,the dragon boat race 8.represents the perseverance of us Chinese people(代表了我们中国人民的坚韧不拔).As a Chinese,I will forever keep it in mind.
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Ⅰ.语料积累——情感细节描写:惊讶(一)
单 词 1.surprise/amaze/astonish vt. 使吃惊;使惊讶 2.surprised/amazed/astonished adj. 吃惊的;惊讶的 3.surprise/amazement/astonishment n. 惊讶 4.surprising/amazing/astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的
词 块 1.cry out in shock　　　　 惊叫一声 2.jump to one’s feet in disbelief 难以置信地跳起来 3.freeze with shock 震惊得僵住了 4.with a spark of surprise flashing across one’s face 脸上闪过一丝惊喜 5.stare at sb with wide eyes 目瞪口呆地看着某人 6.eyes widen in astonishment 目瞪口呆 7.be utterly amazed 被彻底震惊了 8.fill...with wonder and excitement 使……充满惊奇和兴奋 9.much to one’s surprise 令某人很吃惊的是 e as a shock to sb 让某人震惊 11.a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face脸上出现/掠过惊讶的表情 12.have a look of surprise on one’s face 某人脸上露出惊讶的表情 13.one’s mouth drops/hangs open in surprise 惊讶地张大嘴
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Todd cried out in shock and ran out of the room quickly.(in shock)
托德惊叫一声,快速地跑出房间。
2.I jumped to my feet in disbelief and stepped back in no time.(in disbelief)
我难以置信地跳了起来,立刻后退了一步。
3.I froze with shock,as if rooted to the ground.(with shock)
我震惊得僵住了,仿佛在地上扎了根。
4.I got first prize in the writing competition,with a spark of surprise flashing across my face.(with复合结构)
我在写作比赛中得了第一名,脸上闪过一丝惊喜。
5.Staring at him with wide eyes,I hardly believed what he had done.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
我目瞪口呆地看着他,简直不敢相信他所做的一切。
(Ⅱ)补全语段
While walking home from school,Tom noticed a crowd gathered at the park.Curious,he edged closer and 1.his eyes widened in astonishment (目瞪口呆;widen).In the middle of the crowd was a magician performing street magic.The magician pulled a rabbit from an empty hat and made colorful scarves appear out of thin air.Tom,who loved magic but had never seen it performed live,2.was utterly amazed (被彻底震惊了;amazed).The surprise show 3.filled his afternoon with wonder and excitement (在惊奇和兴奋中度过了一下午;fill),making it an extraordinary day he wouldn’t soon forget.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读A)
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1—The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 09:00
Start Point:Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration:6 hours
Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 09:00
Start Point:Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration:5 hours
Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 18:30
Start Point:The Town Hall
Walk Duration:3 hours
Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 11:45
Start Point:Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration:1.5 hours
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival的四种徒步活动。
21.Which walk takes the shortest time
A.The Natural World.
B.Introduction to Hillwalking.
C.Moonlight Under the Stars.
D.Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据四种徒步活动中的Walk Duration部分的信息可知,持续时间最短的是Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest,时长为1.5小时,故选D项。]
22.What are participants in Walk 3 required to do
A.Wear proper clothes.
B.Join a walking club.
C.Get special permits.
D.Bring a survival guide.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据题干可定位到Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars,再根据该部分中的“A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark...refused permission to participate.”可知,夜间徒步必须穿着合适的服装,否则将失去参与资格。选项A中的proper是文中suitable的同义替换,故选A项。]
23.What do the four walks have in common
A.They involve difficult climbing.
B.They are for experienced walkers.
C.They share the same start point.
D.They are scheduled for the weekend.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据四个徒步活动的Date and Time部分的信息可知,活动举办时间都在周末,故选D项。]
Step 1　理清行文脉络
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.v.有……的可能
2.This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.v.使初次了解/尝试
3.Emmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.adj.有经验的
4.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.adj.令人惊叹的
5.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.adj.必不可少的,极其重要的
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2026·重庆市学业质量调研抽测)
Dragons,mythical creatures of power and magic,have captured the imagination of people across cultures for centuries.However,the perception and symbolism of dragons differ significantly between Eastern and Western cultures.
In the East,particularly in China,the dragon is a respectable symbol of power,strength,and good luck.It is often associated with the element of water and is believed to have the ability to control rain and floods.The Chinese dragon most resembles a snake,and has four claws and no wings.It also represents the imperial power,so ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes with dragon patterns,which were known as dragon robes.The dragon is often used in traditional art and festivals in China,such as the Dragon Boat Festival.Many Chinese view the dragon as a national representative,thus proudly referring to themselves as “Generations of the Dragon”.
In contrast,Western dragon culture portrays dragons as fearsome,fire-breathing creatures that spread violence and terror throughout the land.They are typically shown with large,bat-like wings,sharp claws,and a long tail.Western dragons are known for guarding vast piles of gold and jewels and are often defeated by heroes in various stories.They symbolize chaos and destruction,and their defeat is seen as a triumph of good over evil.
Despite these differences,dragons in both cultures are seen as powerful and wise beings.They are a source of fascination and have inspired countless stories,art,and even modern-day movies and games.The dragon’s ability to fly and its connection to the element make it a symbol of freedom and the ability to overcome obstacles.Today,dragons continue to evolve,exceeding traditional boundaries and finding new significance in global culture.They are no longer associated with evil or good,but rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了东西方文化中龙的形象及其象征意义存在显著差异。
1.What do Western and Eastern dragons have in common
A.They are intelligent and powerful.
B.They are in the shape of snakes.
C.They have rough skin and tails.
D.They have big claws and wings.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Despite these differences,dragons in both cultures are seen as powerful and wise beings.”可知,东西方的龙都被视为强大和智慧的生物。A项的“intelligent and powerful”与文中的“powerful and wise”表意一致。]
2.Why do Chinese call themselves “Generations of the Dragon”
A.They can see dragons everywhere in China.
B.They regard the dragon as a symbol of China.
C.Dragons are considered as mythical creatures in China.
D.Chinese emperors’ clothes were decorated with dragons.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段对中国龙的介绍,尤其是“Many Chinese view the dragon as a national representative,thus proudly referring to themselves as ‘Generations of the Dragon’.”可知,中国人把龙视为国家的象征,所以称自己是“龙的传人”。B项的“a symbol of China”与文中的“a national representative”是同义转换。]
3.What roles do dragons play in modern global culture
A.They symbolize both good and evil.
B.They are still associated with disasters.
C.They represent freedom and destruction.
D.They are seen as comprehensive characters.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“They are...complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations.”可知,如今,龙在现代全球文化中被视为具有独特个性和动机的复杂角色,与D项意义对应。]
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To compare Eastern and Western dragons.
B.To show the evolution of dragons in literature.
C.To highlight cultural differences between Eastern and Western dragons.
D.To argue for the importance of dragons in modern society.
答案　C　[写作目的题。通读全文,尤其是第一段最后一句“However,the perception and symbolism...and Western cultures.”可知,文章主要围绕东西方龙文化的差异展开,通过对比阐述了不同文化对龙的认识和龙的象征意义。因此,作者写本文的目的是强调东西方龙文化的差异。]
(2026·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟一)
If you ever feel that the world is against you,you are not alone.We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong,the fault lies in some great intrigue (诡计) against us.If a co-worker fails to meet the deadline,he must be trying to beat you to a promotion.When Wi-Fi in a coffee shop is not working,the staff must be lying about having it just to attract you in.
But the fact is that the simple conclusions,which we tend to jump to,are barely true.Maybe your co-worker thought today was Tuesday,not Wednesday.Maybe the Wi-Fi just went wrong.This is where Hanlon’s razor works—a useful mental model that one should never consider what can be fully explained by neglect (疏忽) as doing harm on purpose.
Applying Hanlon’s razor,a helpful tool for rapid decision-making and comprehension,in our daily lives makes us less judgmental,and improves our reasoning skills.Meanwhile,Hanlon’s razor allows us to have more empathy (同感) and teaches us not to assume the worst intention in the actions of others,the value of which is most reflected in relationships,business matters,and personal happiness.
We all lead complex lives where things are constantly going wrong.When this occurs,a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.When someone messes up around us,we forget how many times we,too,have done the same.Instead,the perpetrator becomes a source of intense annoyance.
To assume intention in such a situation is likely to worsen the problem.None of us can ever know what someone else wants.Inability or neglect is far more likely to be the genuine cause than the desire to hurt.When a situation annoys us,it can be valuable to consider if those emotions are necessary.Often,the best way to react to other people causing us problems is by seeking to communicate with them,not to dismiss them.In this way,we can avoid a repeat of the same situation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉隆剃刀思维模型,即不要把可以用疏忽来充分解释的事情视为故意伤害,阐述了其在日常生活中的应用及意义,还说明了当他人造成问题时应采取的正确态度。
5.What can we learn about Hanlon’s razor
A.It is a way to solve colleagues’ problems.
B.It avoids taking neglect as intentional harm.
C.It is a device for restoring Wi-Fi connection.
D.It identifies who is responsible for mistakes.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This is where Hanlon’s razor works...as doing harm on purpose.”可知,汉隆剃刀是一种有用的思维模型,它让人们不要把能被疏忽解释的事情当作故意伤害,故选B项。B项的“avoids taking neglect as intentional harm”与文中的“never consider what can be fully explained by neglect (疏忽) as doing harm on purpose”为同义转换。]
6.What do we usually do when things fail
A.We turn to trustworthy persons.
B.We change current situations.
C.We deal with negative emotions.
D.We misjudge others’ intention.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“We all have a tendency to assume that when anything goes wrong,the fault lies in some great intrigue (诡计) against us.”以及第四段的“When this occurs,a common response is to blame the nearest person and assume they have bad intention.”可知,当事情出错时,我们往往倾向于认为是他人故意针对我们,即误判他人的意图,所以D项正确。D项的“misjudge others’ intention”是对文中的“assume they have bad intention”的同义转换。]
7.What does the underlined “the perpetrator” in paragraph 4 refer to
A.The mind reader.
B.The error maker.
C.The problem solver.
D.The event planner.
答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据第四段的“When someone messes up around us...a source of intense annoyance.”可知,当周围有人搞砸事情时,我们会把这个人当作极度恼火的源头,这里的“the perpetrator”指搞砸事情、犯错的人,故选B项。]
8.What is suggested when others cause problems
A.Losing temper with them.
B.Putting them on the spot.
C.Exchanging ideas with them.
D.Turning a blind eye to them.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Often,the best way to react to other people causing us problems is by seeking to communicate with them,not to dismiss them.”可知,当他人给我们带来问题时,最好的应对方式是尝试与他们沟通交流,而不是不理会他们,故选C项。C项“Exchanging ideas with them”与文中的“seeking to communicate with them”是同义转换。]
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2026·合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测)
Four-year-old Alan,who suffered from a serious disease,had one dream—to be a garbage truck driver.He was on the weekly lookout for trucks,and he even 　1　 himself as a garbage man at the kindergarten costume show.
On July 10,Alan went one step further when a charity and his local waste management crew made him an honorary 　2　 for three days.He had the opportunity to participate in the 　3　 of the city beauticians.
At dawn,Alan started the road trip with the crew members.“Alan was a little 　4　 when he first started,for early mornings were tough for him,” said one of the waste management drivers.　5　,that small reality check was not enough to reduce Alan’s 　6　.After getting used to his early hours,he got to clock in with a special timecard and 　7　 learn what it takes to be a garbage man.Alan got to 　8　 every part of being a garbage truck man.
His day ended with a special 　9　 as he got to ride alongside another driver.A crowd of community members gathered to 　10　 Alan for what he had done.It was a truly 　11　 day for him.
The amazing experience was all thanks to the local charity organization,and Alan wasn’t the only person who got to 　12　 the day.“We are so happy the support from all the kind-hearted individuals always 　13　 with him,” Alan’s mom commented.“We are so happy he finally 　14　 his dream.The kindness of others has truly made a 　15　 in Alan’s life,” she added with a grateful smile.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了四岁的Alan患有严重的疾病,他的梦想是成为一名垃圾车司机,一家当地的慈善组织帮他实现了愿望。
1.A.classified B.dressed
C.recognized D.treated
答案　B　[空前提到Alan的梦想是成为一名垃圾车司机,他每周都在留意卡车,再根据空后的“himself as a garbage man at the kindergarten costume show”可知,他甚至在幼儿园服装展上把自己装扮(dressed)成清洁工。classify“将……分类,划分,界定”;recognize“承认,意识到”;treat“对待,看待”。]
2.A.captain B.pilot
C.citizen D.collector
答案　D　[根据上文的“a garbage truck driver”和下文的“a garbage man”可知,一家慈善组织及其当地的垃圾管理团队使他成为三天的荣誉垃圾清运工。故选D (collector“收集者”)。captain“队长,组长”;pilot“飞行员,领航员”;citizen“市民”。]
3.A.routine B.strategy
C.ceremony D.program
答案　A　[根据下文的“Alan got to 　　　　every part of being a garbage truck man.”可知,Alan体验了垃圾清运工的常规(routine)。strategy“策略”;ceremony“仪式,典礼”;program“计划,方案,活动安排”。]
4.A.confident B.proud
C.resistant D.tired
答案　D　[根据上文的“At dawn,Alan started...members.”和下文的“for early mornings were tough for him”可知,由于早上起得早,他刚开始的时候感到有点困倦(tired)。confident“自信的”;proud“骄傲的”;resistant“抵制的”。]
5.A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
答案　B　[上文提到Alan早上起得早,开始时会感到困倦,下文提到这个小小的现实感检验并不足以降低Alan的热情,前后句存在语意上的转折关系,空处应为表示转折的副词。besides“而且,除此之外”;however“然而”;therefore “因此,所以”;otherwise“否则,不然”。]
6.A.pressure B.enthusiasm
C.burden D.responsibility
答案　B　[上文提到Alan梦想成为一名垃圾车司机,甚至在幼儿园服装展上把自己装扮成清洁工,由此可知,他对这一工作充满热情。早起的困倦也无法减少他的热情(enthusiasm)。 pressure“压力”;burden“重担,负担”;responsibility“责任”。]
7.A.regularly B.immediately
C.gradually D.patiently
答案　C　[根据空前的“After getting used to his early hours,he got to clock in with a special timecard”可知,在习惯了早起之后,他开始用一张特殊的考勤卡打卡,逐渐(gradually)学会了如何成为一名清洁工。regularly“定期地,有规律地”;immediately“立即,马上”;patiently“有耐心地”。]
8.A.experience B.control
C.adjust D.promote
答案　A　[根据上文的“learn what it takes to be a garbage man”可知,他体验(experience)了当垃圾车工人的每一个环节。control“控制”;adjust“调整,适应”;promote“提升,促进”。]
9.A.send-off B.check-in
C.warm-up D.show-off
答案　A　[根据空前的“His day ended”和空后的“A crowd of community members...for what he had done.”可知,Alan的一天结束了,一群人来给他送行。send-off“送行,送别”;check-in“签到”;warm-up“准备活动,热身练习”;show-off “爱炫耀的人”。]
10.A.blame B.forgive
C.thank D.punish
答案　C　[根据空后的“for what he had done”可知,一群社区成员聚集在一起,感谢(thank)Alan所做的一切。blame“责备”;forgive“原谅,宽恕”;punish“惩罚”。]
11.A.relaxing B.incredible
C.challenging D.regretful
答案　B　[根据上文可知,在慈善机构的帮助下,Alan体验了清洁工的工作,实现了他的梦想,因此这一天对他来说是极好的,故选B(incredible“极好的”)。下文的“The amazing experience”也是提示。relaxing“令人放松的”;challenging“富于挑战性的”;regretful“令人惋惜的,遗憾的”。]
12.A.miss B.transform
C.survive D.enjoy
答案　D　[根据上文的“The amazing experience”可知,Alan这一天过得非常开心,故选D(enjoy“喜欢,享受……的乐趣”)。miss“想念,错过”;transform“使改观,使转化”;survive“生存,存活,继续存在”。]
13.A.stick B.agree
C.compete D.negotiate
答案　A　[根据语境可知,这些热心的人帮助Alan实现了梦想,他们的支持将一直陪伴着他。stick with“持续;不分离”。agree“同意,赞同”;compete“竞争”;negotiate“谈判,协商”。]
14.A.set aside B.worked out
C.lived out D.went after
答案　C　[根据上文可知,Alan的梦想是成为一名垃圾车司机,在热心人的帮助下,他终于实现了梦想。live out“实现某事(指已计划或想做的事)”;set aside“暂时不考虑(或放一放)”;work out“找……的答案,解决”;go after“追逐,追求”。]
15.A.deal B.point
C.choice D.difference
答案　D　[根据上文可知,别人的善意改变了Alan的生活。make a difference是固定搭配,意为“有影响”。deal“交易”;point“观点,要点”;choice“选择”。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2026·甘肃一诊暨甘肃省高三月考试卷)
China’s zongzi culture boasts a rich and time-honored history.1.　　　　　　 (it) related stories and legends have been passed down for thousands of years and are known to every Chinese household.During 2.　　　　 Warring States Period,it’s said that a patriotic poet from the State of Chu named Qu Yuan threw himself into a river after the state was conquered.The people of Chu were 3.　　　　　　 (deep) saddened,and they went to the river to remember him.In order to protect his body from 4.　　　　　　 (eat) by fish and shrimp,people threw rice dumplings into the river every year 5.　　　　　　 the anniversary of his death.The dumplings became known as zongzi.
The ingredients 6.　　　　　　 (use) to make zongzi vary from region to region,so there are many differences in shape and taste.Most are made with plain white glutinous rice.The northern 7.　　　　　　 (variety) are usually sweet,with ingredients such as sugar,a red bean paste and dates.Southern zongzi are savory—especially those from Jiaxing in Zhejiang.
During the Dragon Boat Festival,zongzi are not only enjoyed for their cooking appeal 8.　　　　　　 also cherished for their cultural significance.Families gather to make and share the treat,9.　　　　　　　　 (strength) bonds and fostering a sense of community.Eating zongzi during the festival 10.　　　　　　 (believe) to bring good luck and stop evil spirits,making it an essential part of the celebrations.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了端午节的起源、粽子的种类以及节日习俗等。
1.Its　[考查代词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词stories和legends,故用形容词性物主代词,又因位于句首首字母要大写,故填Its。句意:它的相关故事和传说流传了几千年,在中国家喻户晓。]
2.the　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,此处Warring States Period为特指,应用定冠词the。句意:相传战国时期,楚国被占领后,一位名叫屈原的楚国爱国诗人投河自尽。]
3.deeply　[考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词,故填deeply。句意:楚国人民非常悲伤,他们来到河边纪念他。]
4.being eaten　[考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词from之后,应用动词-ing形式;根据语境和空后的by可知,eat与body之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故填being eaten。句意:为了保护他的身体不被鱼虾吃掉,人们每年都在他的忌日把粽子扔进河里。]
5.on　[考查介词。短语on the anniversary of 表示“在……周年纪念日”。故填on。]
6.used　[考查非谓语动词。句中vary是谓语动词,空处应用非谓语动词形式;根据语境可知,此处use与ingredients构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填used。句意:粽子的制作材料因地区而异,所以在形状和味道上有很多不同。]
7.varieties　[考查名词的单复数。根据谓语动词are可知此处的主语应该为复数。故填varieties。句意:北方的品种通常是甜的,配料包括糖、红豆沙和海枣。]
8.but　[考查固定搭配。此处为句型not only... but also...,表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。句意:在端午节期间,粽子不仅因其烹饪吸引力而受到欢迎,而且因其文化意义而受到珍视。]
9.strengthening　[考查词性转换和非谓语动词。句中gather是谓语动词,空处应用非谓语动词形式;此处表示“加强联系”,故应先将名词strength变为动词strengthen;再根据语境可知,此处strengthen与Families构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词短语作状语。句意:家人聚在一起制作和分享这种食物,加强联系,培养社群意识。]
10.is believed　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Eating zongzi与谓语动词believe“认为有可能”之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态;且此处在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为动名词短语,谓语应用单数。故填is believed。句意:据信,在节日期间吃粽子能带来好运且能辟邪,使它成了庆祝活动的必不可少的组成部分。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.1:mythical adj.神秘的,神奇的　capture v.引起(注意、想象、兴趣)　perception n.认识,观念,看法　Para.2:resemble v.类似,像　imperial adj.帝国的,皇帝的 Para.4:fascination n.着迷,迷恋　obstacle n.障碍,阻碍,妨碍　boundary n.限度,界限,极限
B Para.1:tendency n.倾向;趋势　Para.4:intense adj.强烈的,剧烈的 Para.5:inability n.不能,无能为力　dismiss v.拒绝考虑,不理会
语法填空 Para.1:boast v.有(值得自豪的东西)　conquer v.占领,攻克,征服 Para.2:ingredient n.成分,(尤指烹饪)原料　Para.3:bond n.纽带,关系
核心短语 A Para.2:be associated with与……有关,与……有联系　Para.4:a source of……的来源
B Para.1:beat sb to sth抢先,捷足先登
难句分析 B This is —a useful mental model .(Para.2) 译文:这就是汉隆剃刀起作用的方式——一种有用的思维模型,即我们绝不应该把那些能用疏忽来充分解释的事情视为故意伤害。
语法填空 .(Para.1) 译文:在战国时期,据说有一位来自楚国的爱国诗人(名叫屈原)在国家被征服后投河自尽了。

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