资源简介

Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.loan n.　　　　　　 贷款;借款
vt. 借出
2.narrator n.(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者;讲述者;(电视节目中的)幕后解说员
3.narration n. 叙述;讲述;解说
4.consulate n. 领事馆
5.obligation n. 义务;职责;责任
6.dinosaur n. 恐龙
7.sequence vt. 按顺序排列
n. 顺序;一系列
8.ambassador n. 大使;使节;代表
9.upper-class adj. 上流社会的;上等阶层的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.dare vi.& modal v. 胆敢;敢于
2.sort n. 种类;类别
3.beneath adv.& prep. 在(或往)……下面;在……的表面之下
4.postpone vt. 延迟;延期;延缓
5.nowhere adv. 无处;哪里都不
6.opera n. 歌剧
7.hug vt.& vi. 拥抱;抱紧
[敲黑板]hugged/hugged/hugging (过去式/过去分词/动词-ing形式)。
8.clerk n. 职员;文书;店员
9.stair n. 楼梯;梯级
10.aside adv. 到旁边;在旁边;留;存
11.frown n.& vi. 皱眉
12.indeed adv. 其实;实际上;当然;确实
13.element n. 要素;基本部分
14.plot n. 故事情节;布局;阴谋
vt.& vi. 密谋
15.upper adj. 上面的;上层的;靠上部的
16.saying n. 谚语;格言;警句
[敲黑板]say n.发言权;决定权
17.external adj. 外部的;外面的;外来的
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.plastic n.塑料adj.塑料制的;塑料的
①plastic waste　　　　　 塑料垃圾
②a plastic bag 塑料袋
2.scene n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面
①a beautiful scene 美丽的场景
②a tragic scene 悲剧场面
3.bet n.打赌;赌注vi.& vt.下赌注;用……打赌vt.敢说
①make a bet 打个赌
②bet on a winner 押注在赢家上
[敲黑板]bet/bet/betting(过去式/过去分词/动词-ing形式)
4.spot vt.(spotted,spotted,spotting)看见;注意到;发现n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
①spot him in the crowd 在人群中看见了他
②spot a mistake 发现错误
③a bright spot 光明的地方
④a spot on the shirt 衬衫上的污点
5.odd adj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的
①an odd behavior 奇怪的行为
②odd clothes 怪异的衣服
③an odd request 反常的要求
6.extent n.程度;限度;大小;范围
①the extent of the damage 损失的程度
②beyond the extent 超出范围
7.duty n.责任;义务;职责;值班;税
①a moral duty 道德责任
②perform one’s duty 履行某人的义务
③do one’s duty 做某人的职责
④on duty 值班
⑤import duties 进口税
8.tailor n.(男装)裁缝vt.专门制作;定做
①at a tailor’s shop 在裁缝店里
②tailor a dress 定制一件裙子
9.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
①behave in a good manner 举止得体
②good manners 有礼貌
10.downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下
①walk downstairs 顺楼梯往下走
②sit downstairs 坐在楼下
③go downstairs 下楼
11.maintain vt.维持;保持;维修;保养
①maintain a healthy lifestyle 维持健康的生活方式
②maintain good grades 保持好成绩
③maintain the car 维修汽车
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.basis n.　　　　　 基础;根据;基点
base n. 基础;根基;底座
vt. 以……为基础;根据
basic adj. 基础的;基本的
2.apologise (also apologize) vi. 道歉;谢罪
apology n. 道歉
3.ignore vt. 忽视;对……不予理会
ignorance n. 无知;愚昧
ignorant adj. 无知的;愚昧的
4.judge vt.& vi. 评价;评判;判断
n. 法官;审判员;裁判员
judg(e)ment n. 判断;评价
5.servant n. 仆人;用人
serve vt.& vi. 服务
service n. 服务
6.sail vi.& vt. (船)航行;(人)乘船航行
sailing n. 航行
sailor n. 水手
7.mining n. 采矿;采矿业
mine n. 矿,矿井
vi.& vt. 采矿;开采
miner n. 矿工
8.patience n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力
patient adj. 耐心的
n. 病人
impatient adj. 不耐烦的;没有耐心的
patiently adv. 有耐心地
impatiently adv. 不耐烦地;没有耐心地
9.indicate vt.& vi. 表明;显示 vt. 象征;暗示
indication n. 表明;显示;迹象
10.intention n. 打算;计划;意图;目的
intend vt.& vi. 打算;计划
11.musical n. 音乐剧
adj. 音乐的
music n. 音乐
musician n. 音乐家
12.pursue vt. 追求;致力于
pursuit n. 追求;追逐
13.hesitate vi. 犹豫;迟疑;顾虑
hesitation n. 犹豫;迟疑
14.eventually adv. 最后;终于
eventual adj. 最后的;终于的
15.option n. 可选择的事物;选择;选择权
optional adj. 可选择的
16.broad adj. 宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的
broaden vt.& vi. (使)变宽;(使)扩大
broadly adv. 大体上;基本上
17.normal adj. 典型的;正常的;一般的;精神正常的
n. 常态;通常标准;一般水平
abnormal adj. 不正常的;反常的
18.willing adj. 愿意;乐意
unwilling adj. 不愿意的;勉强的
willingly adv. 乐意地
willingness n. 乐意;心甘情愿
19.permit vt.& vi. 允许;准许;使有可能
n. 许可证
permission n. 准许;许可;批准;许可证
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.on the basis of 在……的基础上;根据……
2.take out a loan 取得贷款
3.in return 作为回报;作为回应
4.make a bet 打个赌
5.as a matter of fact 事实上;其实;说真的
6.by accident 偶然地;意外地
7.to be honest 说实话;坦率地说
8.be about to do sth 即将或正要做某事
9.in case 以防;以防万一
10.to...extent 到……程度;在……程度上
11.on duty 值班;值勤
12.in a...manner 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
13.in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话
14.be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某事
(二)主题词块
1.set up a fundraising website 创建一个筹款网站
2.a strong wind 一阵大风
3.an hour and a half 一个半小时
4.pursue one’s dream of becoming an actress 追求某人当演员的梦想
5.hold the bank note in one’s hand 某人手里拿着钞票
6.fold the bill and slowly unfold it 把钞票折起来,又慢慢地展开
7.give sb one’s change 给某人零钱
8.a range of options 一系列的选择
9.with a broad smile 满脸笑容
10.judge people by their clothes 以貌取人
11.maintain a good relationship with sb 与某人保持良好的关系
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(find+宾语+宾语补足语)
大约一个月前,我在航海,傍晚时,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.(强调句)
是那条船把你带到了英国。
3.Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again,as if looking at something he can’t believe is there.(as if引导方式状语从句)
然后他把钞票折起来,又慢慢地展开,好像在看一件他不敢相信眼前存在的东西。
4.Patience.If you don’t mind,may I ask you how much money you have (语言描写)
别着急。不介意的话,能告诉我你有多少钱吗
构词法日积月累
词根tent/tend/tens ex-(向外)+tent(延伸)→伸展到的结果→extent程度;限度;大小;范围 in-(向内)+tent(延伸)+-ion(动作、状态或结果)→向内延伸的结果→intention意图;打算;计划;目的
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.loan n.贷款;借款vt.借出
2.obligation n.义务;职责;责任
3.dinosaur n.恐龙
4.sequence vt.按顺序排列 n.顺序;一系列
5.ambassador n.大使;使节;代表
6.upper-class adj.上流社会的;上等阶层的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.spot vt.(spotted,spotted,spotting)看见;注意到;发现 n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
2.beneath adv.& prep.在(或往)……下面;在……的表面之下
3.postpone vt.延迟;延期;延缓
4.hug vt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧
5.duty n.责任;义务;职责;值班;税
6.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
7.frown n.& vi.皱眉
8.indeed adv.其实;实际上;当然;确实
9.plot n.故事情节;布局;阴谋vt.& vi.密谋
10.maintain vt.维持;保持;维修;保养
11.saying n.谚语;格言;警句
12.external adj.外部的;外面的;外来的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.base n.基础;根基;底座 vt.以……为基础;根据→basic adj.基础的;基本的→basis n.基础;根据;基点
2.apology n.道歉→apologise (apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪
3.ignore vt.忽视;对……不予理会→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的
4.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→judg(e)ment n.判断;评价
5.patient adj.耐心的 n.病人→patiently adv.有耐心地→impatiently adv.不耐烦地;没有耐心地→impatient adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的→patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力
6.indicate vt.& vi.表明;显示 vt.象征;暗示→indication n.表明;显示;迹象
7.intend vt.& vi.打算;计划→intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的
8.hesitate vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑→hesitation n.犹豫;迟疑
9.eventual adj.最后的,终于的→eventually adv.最后;终于
10.option n.可选择的事物;选择;选择权→optional adj.可选择的
11.broad adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的→broaden vt.& vi.(使)变宽;(使)扩大→broadly adv.大体上;基本上
12.normal adj.典型的;正常的;一般的;精神正常的 n.常态;通常标准;一般水平→abnormal adj.不正常的;反常的
13.willing adj.愿意;乐意→willingly adv.乐意地→unwilling adj.不愿意的;勉强的→willingness n.乐意;心甘情愿
14.permit vt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能 n.许可证→permission n.准许;许可;批准;许可证
Ⅳ.重点短语
1.in return作为回报;作为回应
2.by accident偶然地;意外地
3.on duty值班;值勤
4.in that case既然那样;假使那样的话
5.be willing to do sth愿意或乐意做某事
6.on the basis of 在……的基础上;根据……
7.be about to do sth 即将或正要做某事
8.to...extent 到……程度;在……程度上
9.in a...manner 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
10.as a matter of fact 事实上;其实;说真的
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
大约一个月前,我在航海,傍晚时,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.
是那条船把你带到了英国。
3.Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again,as if looking at something he can’t believe is there.
然后他把钞票折起来,又慢慢地展开,好像在看一件他不敢相信眼前存在的东西。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Finally,mind your own manners (礼仪) and remain modest and honest when getting along with your British friends.
2.He decided to postpone (延迟) the expedition until the following day due to the bad weather.
3.Indeed (实际上),it could be the worst environmental disaster in Europe this century.
4.She frowned (皱眉) when she saw the messy classroom.The students had left their books and papers everywhere.
5.As the old saying goes,“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.”
6.My mother hugged me tightly at the station and I could see happiness in her eyes.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
indicate;eventual;intend;judge;patient;willing
1.Eventually,your child will leave home to lead his own life as a fully independent adult.
2.This programme was set up with the intention of providing help for homeless people.
3.Dark clouds are often a clear indication that a storm is coming very soon.
4.Apparently,blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgment/judgement.
5.Our history teacher has the patience to answer every single question we ask in class.
6.Mary is very selfish and unkind;that’s why I am unwilling to make friends with her.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
to some extent;in return;as a matter of fact;in a very friendly manner;on duty;by accident;in that case
1.If we do our best for nature,nature will offer its best to us in return!
2.It is a pleasant atmosphere.Everyone speaks to one another in a very friendly manner.
3.He said he was very sorry because it was beyond his power to make the final decision.In that case,I had to turn to others for help.
4.As a matter of fact,Beijing Opera contains the essence of traditional Chinese culture.
5.It was Mrs.Dearden’s day off,and Paul was on duty in her place.
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
1.After I arrived in America,I found myself living in a completely foreign culture.(动作描写;find+宾语+宾语补足语)
当我到达美国后,我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。
2.It was not only the gift,but the love of the children for her that moved her very much.(心理描写;强调句)
不仅是这份礼物,更是孩子们对她的爱让她非常感动。
3.He solved the problem as if he had been practicing for years.(人物介绍;as if引导方式状语从句)
他解决这道题的样子就像是已经练习了多年。
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
One day,we went 1.sailing (sail) with the intention of enjoying the fantastic scenes of the sea.We were about 2.to reach (reach) the destination when our ship broke down by accident.3.On the basis of our location,we knew it would be hard to get help.Luckily,we 4.were spotted (spot) by a passing ship.The crew wouldn’t hesitate 5.to rescue (rescue) us,and in return,we thanked them for their kindness.
Passage 2
The 1.saying (say) “Don’t judge a book by its cover” indicates that we shouldn’t judge the value of something just based on its external appearance.We ought to treat everyone we meet for the first time 2.in a nice manner,no matter how they look.Most of us do not like to 3.be judged (judge) on our appearance,because it may be unfair to us to some extent.Indeed,anybody can be someone who is worth getting to know.As a matter of fact,this person may 4.eventually (eventual) end up becoming your good friend if you take a chance and are willing 5.to get (get) to know him or her!
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
1.apologise (apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪 (apology n.道歉)
佳句背诵　
I am unable to pick you up at the airport.And I do wish that you will accept my sincere apology.(道歉信)
我无法到机场接您。我衷心希望您能接受我诚挚的歉意。
以练促学　一句多译
①没能与你共度周末,我写信向你致以诚挚的歉意。
→I’m writing to make/offer my heartfelt apology to you for my failing to hang out with you this weekend.(apology)
→I’m writing to sincerely apologise to you for my failing to hang out with you this weekend.(apologise)
用法归纳
·apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
·make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
教考衔接　单句写作
②One evening,I picked up the phone and left him a voice message,apologising for my behavior and asking if we could meet.(动作描写;2025·全国一卷)
一天晚上,我拿起电话给他留了段语音,为我的行为道歉,并询问能否见面。
2.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员[judg(e)ment n.判断;评价]
佳句背诵　
I draw a conclusion from this experience that never judge a book by its cover,for true beauty comes from the inside.(主旨升华)
我从这次经历中得出一个结论:永远不要以貌取人,因为真正的美来自内心。
以练促学　单句写作
①As far as I can judge,only if we make joint efforts to protect the Earth can we make our world a better place.
就我看来,唯有我们共同努力保护地球,才能使我们的世界变得更加美好。
②Judging by/from your last letter,you are about to take part in the Chinese Bridge Competition and I am writing with the intention of informing you of some dos and don’ts.(告知信)
从你上封信来看,你即将参加汉语桥比赛,我写信的目的是告诉你一些注意事项。
用法归纳
·judge...from/by...　　　 从……来判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断,我认为
judging by/from... 根据……判断
·make a judg(e)ment on/about... 对……作出评价
教考衔接　单句写作
③I believe this idea would resonate with many young people globally,and I’m sure it would be well-received by the judges.(建议信;2025·北京卷)
我相信这个构想会引起世界各国年轻群体的共鸣,并且我确信它会得到评委们的认可。
[联想]　judging by/from用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。与其用法相同的动词-ing形式(短语)还有:generally speaking (一般来说);frankly speaking (坦率地说);talking of (谈到);considering (考虑到,鉴于)等。
3.spot vt. (spotted,spotted,spotting)看见;注意到;发现n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
佳句背诵　
We lay on the grass,staring at the night sky which was spotted with twinkling stars.(动作描写)
我们躺在草地上,凝视着繁星点点的夜空。
以练促学　语块填空/单句写作
①Feeling sad on the spot (当场),I grabbed my bag,dashed out of the classroom and headed home with tears in my eyes.(动作链)
②I spotted my friend reading under the tree,and noticed his notebook full of beautiful drawings.(动作描写)
我注意到我的朋友正在树下看书,还发现他的笔记本上画满了精美的图画。
用法归纳
·spot sb doing sth　 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with... 满是……的斑点
·on the spot 当场;立即;在现场
教考衔接　单句写作
③Spotting the polar bear approaching us,we stood rooted to the spot with fear,not knowing what to do next.(心理描写;浙江7月卷)
看到北极熊向我们走来,我们吓得站在那里一动不动,不知道接下来该怎么办。
[点津]　spot在定语从句中作先行词时,若在从句中作状语则用where引导,如作主语或宾语则用that/which引导。
4.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力 (patient adj.耐心的 n.病人 patiently adv.有耐心地
impatient adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的 impatiently adv.不耐烦地;没有耐心地)
佳句背诵　
She is usually patient with her students for which they show great respect for her.(人物介绍;全国Ⅰ卷)
她对学生通常很有耐心,因此他们十分尊重她。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空
①Learning a new language requires a lot of effort,but if you have the patience to practice (practice) regularly,you will definitely improve over time.
②I put my palm on his back,patted him with patience (耐心地) and persuaded him to take part.
③After waiting for more than an hour,the customers were out of patience (不耐烦) and began to complain.
用法归纳
·have the patience to do sth 有耐心做某事
with patience(=patiently) 耐心地
out of patience 失去耐心;不耐烦
lose patience with sb 对某人失去耐心
·be patient with sb 对某人有耐心
教考衔接　语段训练
④I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me.After all,I did care about how others would think of me.(心理描写;2025·全国二卷)
我不免担心同学们会对我的做法心生厌烦,甚至对我失去耐心。毕竟,我确实在意他人的眼光。
片段巩固
用apologize;judge;spot;patience完成心理描写的续写片段
写作提示:从他的表情来看他很不高兴→我能看出他已经失去了耐心→我当场道歉→希望他能原谅我
Judging from his face,he was upset.I could see he was out of patience,so I apologized on the spot,hoping he would forgive me.
5.hesitate vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑 (hesitation n.犹豫;迟疑)
佳句背诵　
Without any hesitation,I promised him I’ll be waiting for him at the starting line.(动作描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我毫不犹豫地答应他会在起跑线上等他。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①He hesitated about/over telling his parents the truth,fearing that they would be disappointed in him.
②If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind,don’t hesitate to join the debate team.(通知)
如果你对英语有热情,并且思维敏捷,不要犹豫加入辩论队。
用法归纳
·hesitate about/over (doing)... 对(做)……犹豫
hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事;不愿做某事
·without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
教考衔接　语段训练
③In a class discussion,I was invited to explain the meaning of my name.This time,I didn’t hesitate.I stood up,took a deep breath,and began.(动作链;2025·全国二卷)
在一次课堂讨论中,我被邀请解释自己名字的含义。这次我毫不迟疑,站起身深吸一口气,开始讲述。
6.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
佳句背诵　
I’d like to share with you some suggestions on how to pay attention to your table manners in China.(建议信)
我想跟你分享一些在中国你应如何注意餐桌礼仪的建议。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①She treated her friends in a rude manner,making her mother disappointed and annoyed.
②It’s good manners to bring a gift,such as a bunch of flowers,when you visit a Chinese friend.(建议信)
当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候,带个礼物是有礼貌的,比如一束花。
用法归纳
in a...manner　　 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
教考衔接　单句写作
③I think you can carry out this activity in an interactive and experiential manner,which means students can have a better understanding of “Green Beijing”.(建议信;2023·北京卷)
我认为你可以采用互动和体验的方式来开展这项活动,这意味着学生可以更好地了解“绿色北京”。
7.permit vt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能n.许可证(permission n.准许;许可;批准;许可证)
佳句背诵　
Weather permitting,a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature and raise us students’ health awareness.(通知)
天气允许的话,将举办冬日远足活动,让我们接近大自然并提高我们学生的健康意识。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was very happy and very excited to go there but I needed to ask permission (permit) from my parents.
②Our teacher permits working in groups,but only if everyone contributes equally.
我们的老师允许进行小组合作,但前提是每个人都平等地做出贡献。
用法归纳
·permit sb to do sth　 允许某人做某事
permit (doing) sth 允许(做)某事
·ask sb for permission=ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
with/without (one’s) permission 得到/未经(某人的)允许
教考衔接　语段训练
③In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the Forbidden City,surrounded in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.Citizens of higher social classes were permitted (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.(2023·浙江1月卷)
8.in case以防;以防万一
佳句背诵　
In case you should need any help,here’s my number.
万一你需要帮助的话,这是我的电话号码。
以练促学　对比填空(in case/in case of)/单句写作
①I set an extra alarm in case I oversleep tomorrow morning,so I won’t be late for the meeting.
②Therefore,you need to bring some coats in case of rain.
③The weather forecast says it might rain tomorrow.In that case,we should bring umbrellas.
天气预报说明天可能会下雨。那样的话,我们应该带上雨伞。
用法归纳
in case of　　　　 假如发生;万一发生
in any case 无论如何
in no case 决不(位于句首引起部分倒装)
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case 这是常有的事
教考衔接　单句写作
④As is often the case,I have received both inspiration and encouragement from the paper.(短文投稿;2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我从这份报纸中不仅得到了灵感,还得到了鼓励。这是常有的事情。
片段巩固
用hesitate;manner;permit;in case完成互动帮助的续写片段
写作提示:老师允许任何人寻求帮助,以免在学习上挣扎→并提醒我们帮助他人是很有礼貌的→如果我发现有人遇到困难,我会毫不犹豫地伸出援手
The teacher permits asking for help in case anyone is struggling with learning,and reminds us that it is good manners to help others.If I find anyone meets with difficulty,I don’t hesitate to lend my hand.
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
1.duty
A.n.责任;义务　B.n.职责　C.n.值班　D.n.税
①The government decided to reduce the duty on essential goods to help lower the cost of living.D
②The teacher’s duty is to ensure that all students understand the lesson.B
③I managed to get to a gas station,but it was Sunday in the early fall,and there was no mechanic on duty.(2024·九省联考)C
④As a student,it is your duty to study hard and respect your teachers.A
2.normal
A.adj.典型的;正常的　B.adj.一般的　C.adj.精神正常的　D.n.常态;通常标准　E.n.一般水平
①I thought my writing was good enough,but after receiving feedback,I realized it was below normal,and I needed more practice.E
②Her grades are normal,but she is working hard to improve them before the end of the term.B
③Luckily,I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to normal in no time.D
④After taking a walk in the park,I felt much more normal and relaxed.C
⑤Regardless of how much they like a playmate,they may still grab his toys,refuse to share,and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.
(2024·九省联考)A
3.scene
A.n.场面　B.n.现场　C.n.景色　D.n.(电影)镜头
①The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.D
②Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.B
③We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)A
④After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.(2023·全国乙卷)C
4.manner
A.n.(pl.)礼貌,礼仪　B.n.举止,态度　C.n.方式
①Normally people in the upper class have a polite and cool manner.B
②I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published.(2021·天津6月卷)C
③It’s good manners to help those in need with patience.A
5.spot
A.vt.看见　B.vt.认出　C.n.地点,场所　D.n.斑点;污点
①One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field,near where a motorway cuts through my land.(浙江7月卷)A
②I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.(2023·全国乙卷)C
③When the naughty boy was running in the rain,his coat was covered with spots of mud.D
④I am so familiar with him that I spotted him immediately even in the distance.B
6.musical　adj.音乐的　n.音乐剧
Last weekend,my friends and I went to see a popular musical① at the local theater,which was full of energy,with amazing songs and dances.After the show,we felt inspired and decided to form our own musical② group at school.①n.音乐剧　②adj.音乐的
7.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads.(北京卷)n.许可证
8.While libraries still loan out books,you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for,thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.(天津7月卷)vt.借出
9.He suspected that the military were secretly plotting against him.vi.密谋
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 名词后缀-er;-or;-ant;-ist;-ian;-ee表示“……人”
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better.(2023·全国甲卷)n.哲学家
2.After all,what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius n.指挥
3.His work as a consultant consisted in advising foreign companies on the siting of new factories.n.顾问
4.Minimalists believe that they don’t have to own a lot of possessions to be happy.n.极简主义者
5.After interviewing a famous statistician,the journalist realized that numbers alone do not always tell the whole truth.(浙江卷)n.统计学家
6.With all the programmes,teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.(北京卷)n.受培训者;实习生
No.3　练透写作常用句式
句型公式:find+宾语+宾语补足语
课本原句:About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.　大约一个月前,我在航海,傍晚时,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
佳句背诵　
If you put your heart into The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival,you may find the people and animals alive.(事物介绍)
如果你潜心观察《清明上河图》,你会发现上面的人和动物栩栩如生。
以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换
①I found him reading a book on the bench under a big tree when I passed by.(动作描写)
我经过时看到他正在一棵大树下的长凳上看书。
②We find it difficult to make the plot adapted attractive enough.
我们发现很难做到让改编的情节足够吸引人。
③Most of the students found this exhibition was a platform for them to explore the beauty of China.
→Most of the students found this exhibition a platform for them to explore the beauty of China.(简单句)
用法归纳
find+宾语
+宾语补足语
教考衔接　语段训练
④I found myself more relaxed and focused than I usually am in the classroom.The fresh air and natural light were invigorating,making it easier to express my artistic ideas.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我发现自己比平时在教室里更放松和专注。新鲜的空气和自然光线令人精神焕发,使我更容易表达自己的艺术想法。
[点津]　find+it+形容词/名词+to do...中it是形式宾语,不定式短语to do...是真正的宾语。
维度一　单元知识运用
1.After realising I had mistakenly taken her notebook,I quickly apologised to my classmate for the confusion.
2.Judging (judge) by the loud cheers and applause,it was clear that the school’s drama club performance was a big success.
3.His new white sneakers were spotted with mud after he ran through the park on a rainy day.
4.My grandmother always has the patience to teach (teach) me how to cook traditional dishes.
5.She hesitated to volunteer (volunteer) for the school play,worried that she might forget her lines.
6.It is good manners to stand (stand) up when an elder enters the room.
7.Her parents permitted her to attend (attend) the weekend camp after making sure it was safe.
8.In case of bad weather,the outdoor event will be moved indoors.
9.When she entered the room,she found her brother playing (play) video games instead of doing his homework.
10.It was her determination and hard work that led her to win the school’s science competition.
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.As a matter of fact (事实上),I 2.was about to leave (正要离开) when my classmate asked for help.I 3.was willing to assist (愿意帮忙) because 4.it is our duty (这是我们的责任) to help others in need.5.On the basis of (基于) friendship,I didn’t 6.hesitate (犹豫).7.In return (作为回报),she promised to help me with my project.
维度三　单元话题写作(文学评论——读后感)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
假如你是李华,前不久刚读了马克·吐温的中短篇小说《百万英镑》,请用英语写一篇读后感。内容包括:
1.小说介绍;2.反映出的价值观;3.推荐阅读。
“The Million Pound Bank Note” is one of the most famous novels by Mark Twain,1.which tells an adventure of a young man (它讲述了一个年轻人的冒险故事) named Henry.
Because of an accident,he became penniless.But fortunately,2.it was a couple of rich gentlemen that made a bet on him (正是两个有钱的绅士就他打了个赌;强调句) and they gave him a million-pound bank note.Everyone looked down upon him and 3.treated him in a rude manner (以粗鲁的态度对待他) when he was thought penniless.However,the moment they saw the million-pound bank note,they completely changed their attitude,4.willing to serve him (乐意为他服务).
From this story,we learn that never should we 5.judge a person from his appearance (从外表来评判一个人).This is such an interesting and humorous novel and never have I read a better one.6.Time permitting (如果时间允许的话),I would rather all of you read it and enjoyed its charm.
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Ⅰ.语料积累——动作细节描写:“头部”动作
词 块 1.head first 头朝下;头在前 2.bury one’s head under the quilt 把头埋在被子里 3.raise one’s head 抬起头 4.rest one’s head on one’s shoulder 把头靠在某人的肩膀上 5.head down 低着头 6.drop one’s head 低头 7.bury one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头 8.nod/shake one’s head 点/摇头 9.nod at sb 对某人点了点头 10.scratch one’s head 挠头 11.throw one’s head back 把头往后仰
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desk,head first,and held on to the legs of the desks.(head)
她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头在前,爬到课桌下面,并紧紧抓住桌腿。
2.When he got home,he buried his head under the quilt,pretending to be asleep.(bury)
他回到家,把他的头埋在被子里,假装睡着了。
3.Her mother stopped her housework,raising her head with worry in her eyes.(raise)
她母亲停下了家务活,抬起头,眼里流露出忧虑。
4.I rose to my feet and rested my head on her shoulder and couldn’t help weeping.(rest)
我站起身来,把头靠在她的肩膀上,忍不住哭了起来。
5.I walked slowly to the bus,my head down,tears in my eyes.(head)
我慢慢地向公共汽车走去,低着头,眼里含着泪水。
(Ⅱ)补全语段
During the math test,Jamie felt confused and 1.began to scratch his head (开始挠他的头;scratch),trying to remember the formulas.Each time he looked at a difficult question,2.he would drop his head (他就会低头;drop),feeling overwhelmed.Beside him,Mia was deep in thought,3.her head buried in her hands (她双手抱头;独立主格),as if isolating herself from distractions.When the teacher announced that only five minutes remained,Jamie glanced at Mia,who suddenly looked up and 4.nodded at him (对他点了点头;nod),as if encouraging him to keep going.Jamie smiled weakly and 5.shook his head (摇了摇他的头;shake),doubting he could finish in time.But inspired by Mia’s gesture,he refocused and continued.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2024·全国甲卷阅读D)
“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate,and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature.I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was heartbroken with the ending.Prof.Gracie,with all his patience,asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters,endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.Of course,I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver,but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an aha moment for me,and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on,if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy,I’d pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess,I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end—that’s hard.It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable,but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere,one that fits what’s right for the characters.
That’s why this issue(期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.If it’s short stories,Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be—that’s up to you and the story you’re telling—but it might provide what you need to get there.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在教授的启发下,重新思考文学作品不同结局的特点和意义。
32.Why did the author go to Prof.Gracie
A.To discuss a novel.
B.To submit a book report.
C.To argue for a writer.
D.To ask for a reading list.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者在大学三年级时正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究,并刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》。因此作者去找教授是为了讨论小说的结局,故选A项。]
33.What did the author realize after seeing Prof.Gracie
A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B.Readers are often carried away by characters.
C.Each type of literature has its unique ending.
D.A story which begins well will end well.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,作者在教授的启发下意识到,不同类型的文学作品有其特有的结局。如果想要读一个注定幸福的结局,就读爱情小说;如果想要读一个猜不出的结局,就读悬疑小说;如果想要读大概猜到故事发展的小说,就读历史小说,故选C项。]
34.What is expected of a good ending
A.It satisfies readers’ taste.
B.It fits with the story development.
C.It is usually positive.
D.It is open for imagination.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,一个好的结局需要平衡创造性和不可预测性,同时又不能显得突兀,还需要符合角色的发展,故选B项。]
35.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims
A.To give examples of great novelists.
B.To stress the theme of this issue.
C.To encourage writing for the magazine.
D.To recommend their new books.
答案　B　[写作目的题。根据第四段内容可知,作者提到Peter Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期《作家文摘》杂志的主题,即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好的结局,故选B项。]
Step 1　理清行文脉络
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.If it’s short stories,Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. n.结尾
2.“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.n.结尾
3.I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was heartbroken with the ending.adj.心碎的
4.One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical fiction.adj.历史的
5.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable,but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere,one that fits what’s right for the characters.adj.无法预言的;不可预测的
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
(2026·石家庄高三教学质量检测)
Writer Chloe Dalton discovered an unexpected teacher in nature when a damaged internet cable,chewed by a brown hare (野兔) in her countryside home,brought not annoyance but concern for the animal.This marked a significant shift for Dalton,whose book Raising Hare records her relationship with a hare she rescued in early 2021.
She discovered a newborn hare near her house,unguarded by a nest or its mother.At first,she left it,not wanting to disturb nature’s course.But when she returned hours later to find the hare still there,exposed to the rough weather and potential enemies,she nervously took it home,without any knowledge of hare care.She carefully fed it milk with a dropper.While there was plenty of rabbit advice online,hares were still mysterious.
Refusing to domesticate the hare,Dalton let it move freely in her home,adjusting her busy life to match its habits.Its simple life reshaped her view:“If I could get this much pleasure from something so simple,” she reflects,“what else might be waiting to be discovered ”Their life together ended the strong focus on her busy life and brought a greater awareness of the environment.
In her book,Dalton gives historical context on the human-hare relationship and illustrates how horribly hares have often been treated.The brown hare population in Britain has declined 80 percent in the past century due to hunting and agriculture.The story provides a peaceful feeling with its delicate illustrations,but Dalton avoids idealizing nature,recognizing humans’ influence on animals.
Animal encounter books are common,and the good ones act like peaceful countryside escapes.We already understand the basic outlines even without reading books with similar themes-Catherine Raven’s Fox & I and Helen Macdonald’s H Is for Hawk.But Dalton’s weak animal is much lower on the food chain,adding more suspense to Raising Hare:Will the small creature survive until the story ends Dalton’s journey with her “weak companion” offers a reminder that healing (治愈) often comes not from control,but from adjusting to nature.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇书评。Chloe Dalton的书《Raising Hare》记录了她与一只野兔之间的故事,野兔简单的生活重塑了她对生活的观念。该书提醒人们治愈往往来自顺应自然而非控制。
1.What prevented Dalton from immediately rescuing the hare
A.Respect for nature.
B.Lack of feeding knowledge.
C.Attack from its enemies.
D.Advice from conservationists.
答案　A　[细节理解题。文章第二段首句讲Dalton 在自家房子附近发现了一只刚出生的野兔,接着讲“At first,she left it,not wanting to disturb nature’s course.”。由此可知,出于对自然的尊重,Dalton起初没有立刻救下那只野兔,故选A。B项“缺乏喂养知识”;C项“来自它敌人的攻击”;D项“自然环境保护主义者的建议”。]
2.How did the hare influence Dalton’s daily life
A.By damaging her home facilities.
B.By reminding her to focus on writing.
C.By requiring her constant care.
D.By inspiring her to live a slow-paced life.
答案　D　[推理判断题。第三段讲Dalton让野兔在自己家里自由活动,调整自己忙碌的生活以适应它的习性,野兔简单的生活重塑了她对生活的观念;和野兔一起生活结束了她对忙碌生活的过度关注,让她对周围的环境有了更多的认识。由此可知,野兔激励Dalton过上一种慢节奏的生活,故选D。]
3.What distinguishes Raising Hare from other animal stories
A.Its description of idealized nature.
B.Its delicate illustrations of the hare.
C.Its stimulation of readers’ tension.
D.Its focus on the knowledge of the hare.
答案　C　[细节理解题。最后一段前两句讲描写与动物相遇的书很常见,即使在不读的情况下,人们也已经了解了这类故事的基本框架。接着But表转折,说明与其他描写与动物相遇的书不同,Dalton的书描述了一个处于食物链更低位置的弱小生物,这给图书增添了更多悬念,让读者好奇这只小生物是否能活到故事结束。由此可知,《Raising Hare》的独特之处是它激发了读者的紧张情绪,故选C。A项“它对理想化自然的描述”;B 项“它对野兔的精美插图”;D项“它对野兔知识的关注”。]
4.What is the text
A.A news report. B.A short story.
C.A research paper. D.A book review.
答案　D　[文章类型题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了Chloe Dalton的书 《Raising Hare》,对其内容、主题和独特之处进行了分析和评价,所以本文应该是一篇书评,故选D。A项“一篇新闻报道”;B项“一个短篇故事”;C项“一篇研究论文”。]
(2026·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试)
A challenge of teaching mathematics rather than,say,history is that the homework is a lot harder to come up with.After all,“Was Henry Ⅷ a good king ”is a reasonable question to ask either a classroom of nine-year-olds or a lecture theatre of postgraduates.But “solve this quadratic equation(二次方程)”would leave the classroom nonplussed and the lecture theatre unimpressed.Maths is learned by doing and designing a problem that is easy enough to be accessible,yet hard enough to be satisfying.It is a big headache in itself.
Partly for this reason,books that successfully communicate how mathematicians think,but are aimed at those not already in the field,are both valuable and rare.Now Sir David Spiegelhalter,professor of statistics at the University of Cambridge,has added to the category with The Art of Uncertainty.His new book will appeal to many more than just mathematicians,for its topic is universal:how to analyse chance,uncertainty and risk.
If a new virus is running wild and the majority of deaths are among those who have received a newer vaccine(疫苗),is that evidence that the vaccination program is harmful How much of top football teams’ performance comes down to luck rather than skill Professor Spiegelhalter’s exploration of such questions is delightful.First,he uses them to illustrate broader ideas about how probability and statistics work.So a discussion of vaccine safety proceeds to Bayes’s theorem,a procedure for improving one’s judgment of probabilities as new evidence comes to light.The joy of Professor Spiegelhalter’s approach is that he reaches this deep truth through nothing more than some intuitive(直觉的) assumptions and very simple maths.
Most important,though,is Professor Spiegelhalter’s skill at communicating these ideas.Much of probability and statistics can go against our intuition,and the maths behind it is often fearsome.But this is not a difficult book to read or understand.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学教授David Spiegelhalter的《不确定性的艺术》一书,这本书通过直觉假设和简单数学,向非专业人士传达概率和统计学的概念,使复杂的数学变得易于理解。
5.What does the underlined word“nonplussed” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Impressed. B.Inspired.
C.Confused. D.Amused.
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据语境和常识可知,解这个二次方程会让课堂上的孩子不知所措,让讲堂上的听众印象平平。因此,nonplussed在这里的意思是“非常困惑的”,故选C。A项“有深刻的好印象”;B项“受启发的”;C项“困惑的”;D项“逗笑的”。]
6.What is the biggest selling point of The Art of Uncertainty according to the author
A.It casts light on maths thoughts.
B.It covers various topics.
C.It makes sense to ordinary people.
D.It satisfies maths professionals.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His new book will appeal...analyse chance,uncertainty and risk.”可知,《不确定性的艺术》将吸引的不仅仅是数学家,因为它的主题是普遍的:如何分析机会、不确定性和风险。这表明这本书对普通人来说也易于理解。]
7.Why does the author mention Bayes’s theorem in paragraph 3
A.To prove the reliability of intuitions.
B.To reveal the book’s academic nature.
C.To underline the deep truth of judgement.
D.To demonstrate Spiegelhalter’s writing approach.
答案　D　[写作目的题。根据第三段内容尤其是其中的“The joy of Professor Spiegelhalter’s approach...some intuitive(直觉的)assumptions and very simple maths.”可知,贝叶斯定理要根据新证据的出现而改进概率判断,而Spiegelhalter教授方法的美妙之处在于,他通过一些直觉假设和非常简单的数学就达到了这个深刻的真理。所以作者在第三段中提及贝叶斯定理是为了展现Spiegelhalter教授不同的达到深刻真理的方法,故选D。]
8.What is the text mainly about
A.A master of maths teaching.
B.A book on intuitive assumptions.
C.A discussion of risk management.
D.A guide to understanding probability.
答案　D　[主旨大意题。结合全文可知,文章主要介绍了Spiegelhalter教授的书《不确定性的艺术》,这本书通过简单的方法帮助读者理解概率和统计学的概念。因此,文章主要讲的是理解概率的指南。A项“数学教学大师”;B项“关于直觉假设的书”;C项“风险管理讨论”;D项“概率理解指南”。]
(2026·南昌市高三模拟测试)
Genres(体裁) are often viewed as structural frameworks for literary texts,onto which elements like imagery,characters,plot,and settings are layered.These frameworks are passed down through generations,evolving(演变) over time.
Among all genres,the novel received the most critical attention in the twentieth century,often praised as the “king of genres” due to its reflection on the real world.Yet,in the nineteenth century,it was primarily seen as a form of middle-class entertainment.It was not until the twentieth century that the novel was lifted to the status of an art form,joining in the same league as painting or classical music.Later on,many scholars successively studied the characteristics of novels from the 18th and 19th centuries.
Recently,in a book of Edwin Frank,Stranger Than Fiction,he raises an appealing question:Is there such a thing as a “twentieth-century novel” Is it meaningful to distinguish the twentieth-century novel from its nineteenth-century predecessor—or even from the novel of the twenty-first century Frank thinks so.In his book,he illustrates how the twentieth-century novel matures into a distinct literary genre.The twentieth century was a period of violent change; therefore,violent change is what the twentieth-century novel reflects—not,or not only,in its subject matter but in its form.Frank suggests that,modern as the twentieth-century novel is,it shows the cultural relevance to development of societies.
However,that relevance seems to have waned.Today,the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation.People’s daily question has shifted from “What are you reading ” to “What are you streaming ” Television series have emerged as the dominant form of middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century.
Has prestige television reshaped the role of the novel Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations.Henry James,for example,would likely be pleased to know that The Portrait of a Lady has been adapted into a miniseries,a feature film,and even a television version—each reaching a far larger audience than the original print edition could ever have hoped for.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小说这一文学体裁因其对现实世界的反映在二十世纪备受关注,Edwin Frank在其书《Stranger Than Fiction》中探讨了二十世纪小说的演变和独特性。如今,小说在文化对话中不再占据中心地位,电影、电视等大众传播媒介为小说注入了新的活力。
9.Why did the novel gain recognition in the twentieth century
A.It mirrored its link with reality.
B.It was written in amusing forms.
C.It displayed attractive characters.
D.It was authored by the middle class.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Among all genres...due to its reflection on the real world.”可知,在所有体裁中,小说在二十世纪受到了最重要的关注,因其对现实世界的反映而被誉为“体裁之王”。由此可知,小说在二十世纪获得认可的原因是它反映了与现实的联系,故选 A。mirror在此作动词,意为“反映”,与文中的reflection对应,选项中的reality与文中的“the real world”对应。]
10.Which aspect of the twentieth-century novel does Stranger Than Fiction focus on
A.Its rise and fall.
B.Its expansion and effect.
C.Its significance and limitation.
D.Its evolution and uniqueness.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据题干中的“Stranger Than Fiction”将答案定位在第三段。根据该段的“In his book,he illustrates how...into a distinct literary genre.”可知,该书阐述了二十世纪小说如何发展为一种独特的文学体裁,即二十世纪小说的演变过程;再根据该段的“The twentieth century was a period of violent change...relevance to development of societies.”可知,该书还关注了二十世纪小说的独特性。故选D。]
11.What does the underlined word “waned” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Varied. B.Weakened.
C.Peaked. D.Remained.
答案　B　[词义猜测题。画线词前的“that relevance”指代第三段尾句的“the cultural relevance to development of societies”,即小说与社会发展的文化相关性。根据第四段的“Today,the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation.”和“Television series have emerged...in the twenty-first century.”可知,如今,小说在文化对话中不再占据中心位置,电视连续剧已成为二十一世纪中产阶级娱乐的主要形式。由此可推知,此处表示小说与社会发展的文化相关性似乎减弱了,故画线词与B项的意思最为接近。C项的peak在此作动词,意为“达到顶峰,达到最高水平”。]
12.What does the example of The Portrait of a Lady indicate
A.Novels lose their artistic appeal.
B.Adaptations decrease novels’ status.
C.The media breathe new life into novels.
D.TV shows change the role of novels.
答案　C　[推理判断题。最后一段的“Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations.”表明许多十九世纪的小说在二十世纪通过电影改编而焕发活力。接着作者以《The Portrait of a Lady》这本小说为例,说明它被改编成多种形式,且每一种形式都比原著更受观众欢迎,借此证明电影、电视等大众传播媒介为小说注入了新的活力,故选C。]
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2026·甘肃一诊暨甘肃省高三月考试卷)
Smart Shopping Strategies for the Holiday Season
It’s season for spending,as we look ahead to the end-of-year holidays and start shelling out money for different necessities.This year will be especially tough on budgets due to the high prices.　1　
·Do a clean-up during seasonal panies are all trying to attract us to shop at the end of the year.You can find a lot of good deals,but you’ll want to start with a plan.　2　 And that will help you determine which are important to you.
·Don’t be blinded by big markdowns.　3　 You need to confirm that it’s actually a good deal by checking prices online.If you find a lower price,ask at the register for a price match or load up your virtual cart.Some stores will match their online prices and the prices of selected competitors.
·　4　 Tools such as Price Tracker can help you purchase things when prices hit rock bottom or close to it.And you can set up email alerts to be notified when prices drop.Also remember that policies vary with different retailers during the holiday shopping season.
·Don’t trust ads on social media.　5　 If you see something you want to buy in a post,check to make sure the company has a website with contact information,a physical address and a return policy.Also,search for reviews and complaints online and check the Better Business Bureau at bbb.org.
A.Do buy low.
B.Do use price trackers.
C.Commercials could contain cheating descriptions.
D.The sign of “50% off” doesn’t mean it’s a bargain.
E.Make a list,including models and features you want.
F.To save more of your money,follow these do’s and don’ts.
G.Set aside some money in a bank account for emergency repairs.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一系列假期购物省钱策略,包括在季节性促销时制订购物计划,不被大幅降价迷惑,借助价格追踪器等工具和方法把握最佳购买时机进行低价购买,以及不要信任社交媒体上的广告等。
1.F　[空前提到由于物价高昂,今年在预算方面会格外吃紧,F选项“为了节省更多钱,遵循这些该做和不该做的事情”承接上文预算吃紧的话题,又引出后文几种具体的购物策略,符合语境。故选F。]
2.E　[空前“You can find a lot of good deals,but you’ll want to start with a plan.”提到了计划的必要性,E选项“列一个清单,包括你想要的样式和特色”承接上文提到的计划,说明计划的具体内容,符合语境,故填E。空后的that指代空处所描述的事情。]
3.D　[该段主旨句强调不要被大幅的降价迷惑。D选项“‘五折’的标志并不意味着这是减价品”直接解释了不要被大幅的降价迷惑的原因,符合逻辑和语境。故选D。]
4.A　[段落主旨句。此段讲了诸如Price Tracker这类工具能帮你在价格触底或接近底部时进行购买,可以建立邮件警报以便降价时收到通知,也要记得假期购物时节不同的零售商有不同的政策。这些都说明了一定要把握时机低价购买东西。故选A。]
5.C　[空前主题句表明不要信任社交媒体广告,C选项“广告可能包含欺骗性描述”解释了其原因,承接上文。故选C。C项的Commercials与空前的ads为同义表达。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.3:domesticate v.驯化,驯养(动物)　Para.4:idealize v.将……理想化,将……视为理想　Para.5:suspense n.(对即将发生的事等的)担心,焦虑,兴奋,悬念
B Para.3:illustrate v.(用示例、图画等)说明,解释　proceed v.继续做;接着做,继而做
C Para.1:framework n.体系,体制,框架,准则　Para.2:critical adj.极重要的,关键的,至关紧要的;批评的,批判性的,挑剔的;危急的;有判断力的　successively adv.连续地,接连地,相继地 Para.3:predecessor n.原先的东西,被替代的事物　Para.4:dominant adj.首要的,占支配地位的,占优势的,显著的
七选五 Para.1:necessity n.必需的事物,必需品　Para.3:blind v.使思维混沌,使失去判断力 markdown n.减价,降价　Para.4:tracker n.追踪者,跟踪者,追踪人(或野兽)的人
核心短语 B Para.3:run wild失控　come down to归结为　come to light暴露,真相大白 nothing more than只不过　Para.4:go against违背,不符合
C Para.2:in the same league as sth和某物在同一档次(级别)上　Para.5:a feature film故事片
七选五 Para.1:look ahead to展望未来,为将来设想　shell out付(一大笔钱) Para.4:rock bottom最低点,最低水平　set up安排,创建;设立,设置
熟词生义 C (1)layer(Para.1)常用义:n.表层,层文章义:v.铺一层……,分层放置 例句:Layer the raw sliced vegetables in a shallow baking dish. 把生蔬菜片一层层地叠放在浅烤盘里。 (2)mature(Para.3)常用义:adj.成熟的　文章义:v.充分发展;使(技能或素质)成熟 例句:She has matured into one of the country’s finest actresses. 她已经成长为这个国家一位最优秀的演员。
难句分析 B ,is that evidence (Para.3) 译文:如果一种新病毒正在肆虐,大多数死亡病例都是接种了新型疫苗的人,这是否证明了疫苗接种计划是有害的 (共169张PPT)
UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY
必修第三册
主题语境:正确的人生态度 & 戏剧
词句识记 体系构建
内
容
索
引
默写检测 盘点验收
核心突破 锤炼提升
能力考查 素养达标
读写培优 教考协同
课时作业
词句识记 体系构建
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.loan n. 贷款;借款
vt. 借出
2.narrator n. (书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者;讲述者;(电视节目中的)
幕后解说员
3.narration n. 叙述;讲述;解说
4.consulate n. 领事馆
5.obligation n. 义务;职责;责任
6.dinosaur n. 恐龙
7.sequence vt. 按顺序排列
n. 顺序;一系列
8.ambassador n. 大使;使节;代表
9.upper-class adj. 上流社会的;上等阶层的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.dare vi.& modal v. 胆敢;敢于
2.sort n. 种类;类别
3.beneath adv.& prep. 在(或往)……下面;在……的表面之下
4.postpone vt. 延迟;延期;延缓
5.nowhere adv. 无处;哪里都不
6.opera n. 歌剧
7.hug vt.& vi. 拥抱;抱紧
[敲黑板]hugged/hugged/hugging (过去式/过去分词/动词-ing形式)。
8.clerk n. 职员;文书;店员
9.stair n. 楼梯;梯级
10.aside adv. 到旁边;在旁边;留;存
11.frown n.& vi. 皱眉
12.indeed adv. 其实;实际上;当然;确实
13.element n. 要素;基本部分
14.plot n. 故事情节;布局;阴谋
vt.& vi. 密谋
15.upper adj. 上面的;上层的;靠上部的
16.saying n. 谚语;格言;警句
[敲黑板]say n.发言权;决定权
17.external adj. 外部的;外面的;外来的
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.plastic n.塑料adj.塑料制的;塑料的
①plastic waste　　 塑料垃圾
②a plastic bag 塑料袋
2.scene n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面
①a beautiful scene 美丽的场景
②a tragic scene 悲剧场面
3.bet n.打赌;赌注vi.& vt.下赌注;用……打赌vt.敢说
①make a bet 打个赌
②bet on a winner 押注在赢家上
[敲黑板]bet/bet/betting(过去式/过去分词/动词-ing形式)
4.spot vt.(spotted,spotted,spotting)看见;注意到;发现n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
①spot him in the crowd 在人群中看见了他
②spot a mistake 发现错误
③a bright spot 光明的地方
④a spot on the shirt 衬衫上的污点
5.odd adj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的
①an odd behavior 奇怪的行为
②odd clothes 怪异的衣服
③an odd request 反常的要求
6.extent n.程度;限度;大小;范围
①the extent of the damage 损失的程度
②beyond the extent 超出范围
①a moral duty 道德责任
②perform one’s duty 履行某人的义务
③do one’s duty 做某人的职责
④on duty 值班
⑤import duties 进口税
8.tailor n.(男装)裁缝vt.专门制作;定做
①at a tailor’s shop 在裁缝店里
②tailor a dress 定制一件裙子
9.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
①behave in a good manner 举止得体
②good manners 有礼貌
10.downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下
①walk downstairs 顺楼梯往下走
②sit downstairs 坐在楼下
③go downstairs 下楼
11.maintain vt.维持;保持;维修;保养
①maintain a healthy lifestyle 维持健康的生活方式
②maintain good grades 保持好成绩
③maintain the car 维修汽车
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.basis n.　　　 基础;根据;基点
base n. 基础;根基;底座
vt. 以……为基础;根据
basic adj. 基础的;基本的
2.apologise (also apologize) vi. 道歉;谢罪
apology n. 道歉
3.ignore vt. 忽视;对……不予理会
ignorance n. 无知;愚昧
ignorant adj. 无知的;愚昧的
4.judge vt.& vi. 评价;评判;判断
n. 法官;审判员;裁判员
judg(e)ment n. 判断;评价
5.servant n. 仆人;用人
serve vt.& vi. 服务
service n. 服务
6.sail vi.& vt. (船)航行;(人)乘船航行
sailing n. 航行
sailor n. 水手
7.mining n. 采矿;采矿业
mine n. 矿,矿井
vi.& vt. 采矿;开采
miner n. 矿工
9.indicate vt.& vi. 表明;显示 vt. 象征;暗示
indication n. 表明;显示;迹象
10.intention n. 打算;计划;意图;目的
intend vt.& vi. 打算;计划
11.musical n. 音乐剧
adj. 音乐的
music n. 音乐
musician n. 音乐家
12.pursue vt. 追求;致力于
pursuit n. 追求;追逐
13.hesitate vi. 犹豫;迟疑;顾虑
hesitation n. 犹豫;迟疑
14.eventually adv.最后;终于
eventual adj. 最后的;终于的
15.option n. 可选择的事物;选择;选择权
optional adj. 可选择的
16.broad adj. 宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的
broaden vt.& vi.(使)变宽;(使)扩大
broadly adv. 大体上;基本上
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.on the basis of 在……的基础上;根据……
2.take out a loan 取得贷款
3.in return 作为回报;作为回应
4.make a bet 打个赌
5.as a matter of fact 事实上;其实;说真的
6.by accident 偶然地;意外地
7.to be honest 说实话;坦率地说
8.be about to do sth 即将或正要做某事
9.in case 以防;以防万一
10.to...extent 到……程度;在……程度上
11.on duty 值班;值勤
12.in a...manner 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
13.in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话
14.be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某事
(二)主题词块
1.set up a fundraising website创建一个筹款网站
2.a strong wind 一阵大风
3.an hour and a half 一个半小时
4.pursue one’s dream of becoming an actress 追求某人当演员的梦想
5.hold the bank note in one’s hand 某人手里拿着钞票
6.fold the bill and slowly unfold it 把钞票折起来,又慢慢地展开
7.give sb one’s change 给某人零钱
8.a range of options 一系列的选择
9.with a broad smile 满脸笑容
10.judge people by their clothes 以貌取人
11.maintain a good relationship with sb 与某人保持良好的关系
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(find+宾语+宾语补足语)
大约一个月前,我在航海,傍晚时,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.(强调句)
是那条船把你带到了英国。
3.Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again,as if looking at something he can’t believe is there.(as if引导方式状语从句)
然后他把钞票折起来,又慢慢地展开,好像在看一件他不敢相信眼前存在的东西。
4.Patience.If you don’t mind,may I ask you how much money you have (语言描写)
别着急。不介意的话,能告诉我你有多少钱吗
构词法日积月累
词根tent/tend/tens
ex-(向外)+tent(延伸)→伸展到的结果→extent程度;限度;大小;范围
in-(向内)+tent(延伸)+-ion(动作、状态或结果)→向内延伸的结果→intention意图;打算;计划;目的
默写检测 盘点验收
Ⅰ.阅读单词
贷款;借款
借出
义务;职责;责任
恐龙
按顺序排列
顺序;一系列
大使;使节;代表
上流社会的;上等阶层的
Step One　写一写
1.loan n. _____________________
vt. _____________________
2.obligation n. _____________________
3.dinosaur n. _____________________
4.sequence vt. _____________________
n. _____________________
5.ambassador n. _____________________
6.upper-class adj. _____________________
Ⅱ.核心单词
spot
1.____________ vt.(__________,__________,____________)看见;注意到;发现 n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
2.____________ adv.& prep.在(或往)……下面; 在……的表面之下
3.____________ vt.延迟;延期;延缓
4.____________ vt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧
5.____________ n.责任;义务;职责;值班;税
6.____________ n.举止;行为方式;方法; [pl.]礼貌;礼仪
spotted
spotted
spotting
beneath
postpone
hug
duty
manner
7.____________ n.& vi.皱眉
8.____________ adv.其实;实际上;当然;确实
9.____________ n.故事情节;布局;阴谋 vt.& vi.密谋
10.____________ vt.维持;保持;维修;保养
11.____________ n.谚语;格言;警句
12.____________ adj.外部的;外面的;外来的
frown
indeed
plot
maintain
saying
external
Ⅲ.派生单词
base
basic
basis
apology
apologise (apologize)
ignore
ignorance
ignorant
1.___________________ n.基础;根基;底座 vt.以……为基础;根据→
___________________ adj.基础的;基本的→
___________________ n.基础;根据;基点
2.___________________ n.道歉→
___________________ vi.道歉;谢罪
3.___________________ vt.忽视;对……不予理会→
___________________ n.无知;愚昧→
___________________ adj.无知的;愚昧的
4.____________ vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→
____________ n.判断;评价
5.____________ adj.耐心的 n.病人→
____________ adv.有耐心地→
____________ adv.不耐烦地;没有耐心地→
____________ adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的→
____________ n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力
judge
judg(e)ment
patient
patiently
impatiently
impatient
patience
6.____________ vt.& vi.表明;显示 vt.象征;暗示→
____________ n.表明;显示;迹象
7.____________ vt.& vi.打算;计划→
____________ n.打算;计划;意图;目的
8.____________ vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑→
____________ n.犹豫;迟疑
9.____________ adj.最后的,终于的→
____________ adv.最后;终于
indicate
indication
intend
intention
hesitate
hesitation
eventual
eventually
10.____________ n.可选择的事物;选择;选择权→
____________ adj.可选择的
11.____________ adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的→
____________ vt.& vi.(使)变宽;(使)扩大→
____________ adv.大体上;基本上
12.____________ adj.典型的;正常的;一般的;精神正常的 n.常态;通常标准;一般水平→
____________ adj.不正常的;反常的
option
optional
broad
broaden
broadly
normal
abnormal
13.____________ adj.愿意;乐意→
____________ adv.乐意地→
____________ adj.不愿意的;勉强的→
____________ n.乐意;心甘情愿
14.____________ vt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能 n.许可证→
____________ n.准许;许可;批准;许可证
willing
willingly
unwilling
willingness
permit
permission
Ⅳ.重点短语
in return
by accident
on duty
in that case
be willing to do sth
1.________________作为回报;作为回应
2.________________偶然地;意外地
3.________________值班;值勤
4.________________既然那样;假使那样的话
5.________________愿意或乐意做某事
6.on the basis of ____________________________________
7.be about to do sth ____________________________________
8.to...extent ____________________________________
9.in a...manner ____________________________________
10.as a matter of fact ____________________________________
在……的基础上;根据……
即将或正要做某事
到……程度;在……程度上
以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
事实上;其实;说真的
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night ____________________________________ by a strong wind.
大约一个月前,我在航海,傍晚时,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
2.And ________________________brought you to England.
是那条船把你带到了英国。
3.Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again,
____________________________________ he can’t believe is there.
然后他把钞票折起来,又慢慢地展开,好像在看一件他不敢相信眼前存在的东西。
I found myself carried out to sea
it was the ship that
as if looking at something
Ⅰ.单词拼写
manners
Step Two　练一练
1.Finally,mind your own ____________(礼仪) and remain modest and honest when getting along with your British friends.
2.He decided to ____________(延迟) the expedition until the following day due to the bad weather.
3.____________ (实际上),it could be the worst environmental disaster in Europe this century.
postpone
Indeed
4.She ____________(皱眉) when she saw the messy classroom.The students had left their books and papers everywhere.
5.As the old s____________ goes,“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.”
6.My mother h____________ me tightly at the station and I could see happiness in her eyes.
frowned
aying
ugged
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
Eventually
indicate;eventual;intend;judge;patient;willing
1.____________,your child will leave home to lead his own life as a fully independent adult.
2.This programme was set up with the __________of providing help for homeless people.
3.Dark clouds are often a clear ____________that a storm is coming very soon.
intention
indication
4.Apparently,blindly following other’s advice will affect our own ___________________.
5.Our history teacher has the __________________to answer every single question we ask in class.
6.Mary is very selfish and unkind;that’s why I am ____________to make friends with her.
judgment/judgement
patience
unwilling
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
in return
to some extent;in return;as a matter of fact;
in a very friendly manner;on duty;by accident;in that case
1.If we do our best for nature,nature will offer its best to us ________________!
2.It is a pleasant atmosphere.Everyone speaks to one another _______________________.
in a very friendly manner
3.He said he was very sorry because it was beyond his power to make the final decision.________________,I had to turn to others for help.
4.________________,Beijing Opera contains the essence of traditional Chinese culture.
5.It was Mrs.Dearden’s day off,and Paul was ________________in her place.
In that case
As a matter of fact
on duty
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
found myself living in
1.After I arrived in America,I __________________________________
a completely foreign culture. (动作描写;find+宾语+宾语补足语)
当我到达美国后,我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。
2._________________________________________________________moved her very much.(心理描写;强调句)
不仅是这份礼物,更是孩子们对她的爱让她非常感动。
3.He solved the problem ______________________________________.
(人物介绍;as if引导方式状语从句)
他解决这道题的样子就像是已经练习了多年。
It was not only the gift,but the love of the children for her that
as if he had been practicing for years
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
sailing
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
One day,we went 1.____________ (sail) with the intention of enjoying the fantastic scenes of the sea.We were about 2.____________ (reach) the destination when our ship broke down by accident.3.________________ the basis of our location,we knew it would be hard to get help.Luckily,we 4.________________ (spot) by a passing ship.The crew wouldn’t hesitate 5.____________ (rescue) us,and in return,we thanked them for their kindness.
to reach
On
were spotted
to rescue
Passage 2
The 1.____________ (say) “Don’t judge a book by its cover” indicates that we shouldn’t judge the value of something just based on its external appearance.We ought to treat everyone we meet for the first time 2.____________ a nice manner,no matter how they look.Most of us do not like to 3.____________ (judge) on our appearance,because it may be unfair to us to some extent.Indeed,anybody can be someone who is worth getting to know.As a matter of fact,this person may 4.____________ (eventual) end up becoming your good friend if you take a chance and are willing 5.____________ (get) to know him or her!
saying
in
be judged
eventually
to get
核心突破 锤炼提升
No.1 夯实写作高频词汇
No.2 破解阅读障碍词汇
No.3 练透写作常用句式
1.apologise (apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪 (apology n.道歉)
佳句背诵　
I am unable to pick you up at the airport.And I do wish that you will accept my sincere apology.(道歉信)
我无法到机场接您。我衷心希望您能接受我诚挚的歉意。
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
以练促学　一句多译
①没能与你共度周末,我写信向你致以诚挚的歉意。
→________________________________________________________ my failing to hang out with you this weekend.(apology)
→________________________________________________________ my failing to hang out with you this weekend.(apologise)
I’m writing to make/offer my heartfelt apology to you for
I’m writing to sincerely apologise to you for
用法归纳
·apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
·make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
教考衔接　单句写作
②One evening,I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, ___________________________________________________________and asking if we could meet.(动作描写;2025·全国一卷)
一天晚上,我拿起电话给他留了段语音,为我的行为道歉,并询问能否见面。
apologising for my behavior
2.judge vt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员[judg(e)ment n.判断;评价]
佳句背诵　
I draw a conclusion from this experience that never judge a book by its cover,for true beauty comes from the inside.(主旨升华)
我从这次经历中得出一个结论:永远不要以貌取人,因为真正的美来自内心。
以练促学　单句写作
①____________________________________________, only if we make joint efforts to protect the Earth can we make our world a better place.
就我看来,唯有我们共同努力保护地球,才能使我们的世界变得更加美好。
②________________________________________________, you are about to take part in the Chinese Bridge Competition and I am writing with the intention of informing you of some dos and don’ts.(告知信)
从你上封信来看,你即将参加汉语桥比赛,我写信的目的是告诉你一些注意事项。
As far as I can judge
Judging by/from your last letter
用法归纳
·judge...from/by...　　　 从……来判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断,我认为
judging by/from... 根据……判断
·make a judg(e)ment on/about... 对……作出评价
教考衔接　单句写作
③I believe this idea would resonate with many young people globally, and I’m sure ______________________________________. (建议信;2025·北京卷)
我相信这个构想会引起世界各国年轻群体的共鸣,并且我确信它会得到评委们的认可。
[联想]　judging by/from用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。与其用法相同的动词-ing形式(短语)还有:generally speaking (一般来说);frankly speaking (坦率地说);talking of (谈到);considering (考虑到,鉴于)等。
it would be well-received by the judges
3.spot vt. (spotted,spotted,spotting)看见;注意到;发现n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
佳句背诵　
We lay on the grass,staring at the night sky which was spotted with twinkling stars.(动作描写)
我们躺在草地上,凝视着繁星点点的夜空。
以练促学　语块填空/单句写作
①Feeling sad ________________________(当场),I grabbed my bag,dashed out of the classroom and headed home with tears in my eyes.(动作链)
②I _______________________________________________under the tree,and noticed his notebook full of beautiful drawings.(动作描写)
我注意到我的朋友正在树下看书,还发现他的笔记本上画满了精美的图画。
on the spot
spotted my friend reading
用法归纳
·spot sb doing sth　 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with... 满是……的斑点
·on the spot 当场;立即;在现场
教考衔接　单句写作
③________________________________________________, we stood rooted to the spot with fear,not knowing what to do next.(心理描写;浙江7月卷)
看到北极熊向我们走来,我们吓得站在那里一动不动,不知道接下来该怎么办。
[点津]　spot在定语从句中作先行词时,若在从句中作状语则用where引导,如作主语或宾语则用that/which引导。
Spotting the polar bear approaching us
4.patience n.耐心;忍耐力;毅力 (patient adj.耐心的 n.病人 patiently adv.有耐心地 impatient adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的 impatiently adv.不耐烦地;没有耐心地)
佳句背诵　
She is usually patient with her students for which they show great respect for her.(人物介绍;全国Ⅰ卷)
她对学生通常很有耐心,因此他们十分尊重她。
以练促学　单句语法填空/语块填空
①Learning a new language requires a lot of effort,but if you have the patience ________________________(practice) regularly,you will definitely improve over time.
②I put my palm on his back,patted him ________________(耐心地) and persuaded him to take part.
③After waiting for more than an hour,the customers were ________________(不耐烦) and began to complain.
to practice
with patience
out of patience
用法归纳
·have the patience to do sth 有耐心做某事
with patience(=patiently) 耐心地
out of patience 失去耐心;不耐烦
lose patience with sb 对某人失去耐心
·be patient with sb 对某人有耐心
教考衔接　语段训练
④I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even ____________________________________________.After all,I did care about how others would think of me.(心理描写;2025·全国二卷)
我不免担心同学们会对我的做法心生厌烦,甚至对我失去耐心。毕竟,我确实在意他人的眼光。
lose patience with me
片段巩固
用apologize;judge;spot;patience完成心理描写的续写片段
写作提示:从他的表情来看他很不高兴→我能看出他已经失去了耐心→我当场道歉→希望他能原谅我
Judging from his face,he was upset.I could see he was out of patience, so I apologized on the spot,hoping he would forgive me.
5.hesitate vi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑 (hesitation n.犹豫;迟疑)
佳句背诵　
Without any hesitation,I promised him I’ll be waiting for him at the starting line.(动作描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我毫不犹豫地答应他会在起跑线上等他。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①He hesitated ________________telling his parents the truth,fearing that they would be disappointed in him.
②If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind, ________________________________________________. (通知)
如果你对英语有热情,并且思维敏捷,不要犹豫加入辩论队。
about/over
don’t hesitate to join the debate team
用法归纳
·hesitate about/over (doing)... 对(做)……犹豫
hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事;不愿做某事
·without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
教考衔接　语段训练
③In a class discussion,I was invited to explain the meaning of my name.This time,____________________.I stood up,took a deep breath,and began.(动作链;2025·全国二卷)
在一次课堂讨论中,我被邀请解释自己名字的含义。这次我毫不迟疑,站起身深吸一口气,开始讲述。
I didn’t hesitate
6.manner n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
佳句背诵　
I’d like to share with you some suggestions on how to pay attention to your table manners in China.(建议信)
我想跟你分享一些在中国你应如何注意餐桌礼仪的建议。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①She treated her friends ____________a rude manner,making her mother disappointed and annoyed.
②________________________________________________, such as a bunch of flowers,when you visit a Chinese friend.(建议信)
当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候,带个礼物是有礼貌的,比如一束花。
in
It’s good manners to bring a gift
用法归纳
in a...manner　　 以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
教考衔接　单句写作
③I think you can carry out this activity ________________________
______________________, which means students can have a better understanding of “Green Beijing”.(建议信;2023·北京卷)
我认为你可以采用互动和体验的方式来开展这项活动,这意味着学生可以更好地了解“绿色北京”。
in an interactive and
experiential manner
7.permit vt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能n.许可证(permission n.准许;许可;批准;许可证)
佳句背诵　
Weather permitting,a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature and raise us students’ health awareness.(通知)
天气允许的话,将举办冬日远足活动,让我们接近大自然并提高我们学生的健康意识。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was very happy and very excited to go there but I needed to ask ____________(permit) from my parents.
②_______________________________________________ in groups, but only if everyone contributes equally.
我们的老师允许进行小组合作,但前提是每个人都平等地做出贡献。
permission
Our teacher permits working
用法归纳
·permit sb to do sth　 允许某人做某事
permit (doing) sth 允许(做)某事
·ask sb for permission=ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
with/without (one’s) permission 得到/未经(某人的)允许
教考衔接　语段训练
③In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the Forbidden City,surrounded in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.Citizens of higher social classes ____________________(permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.(2023·浙江1月卷)
were permitted
8.in case以防;以防万一
佳句背诵　
In case you should need any help,here’s my number.
万一你需要帮助的话,这是我的电话号码。
以练促学　对比填空(in case/in case of)/单句写作
①I set an extra alarm ________________I oversleep tomorrow morning,so I won’t be late for the meeting.
②Therefore,you need to bring some coats ________________rain.
③The weather forecast says it might rain tomorrow. ________________, we should bring umbrellas.
天气预报说明天可能会下雨。那样的话,我们应该带上雨伞。
in case
in case of
In that case
用法归纳
in case of　　　　 假如发生;万一发生
in any case 无论如何
in no case 决不(位于句首引起部分倒装)
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case 这是常有的事
教考衔接　单句写作
④________________________,I have received both inspiration and encouragement from the paper.(短文投稿;2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我从这份报纸中不仅得到了灵感,还得到了鼓励。这是常有的事情。
As is often the case
片段巩固
用hesitate;manner;permit;in case完成互动帮助的续写片段
写作提示:老师允许任何人寻求帮助,以免在学习上挣扎→并提醒我们帮助他人是很有礼貌的→如果我发现有人遇到困难,我会毫不犹豫地伸出援手
The teacher permits asking for help in case anyone is struggling with learning,and reminds us that it is good manners to help others.If I find anyone meets with difficulty,I don’t hesitate to lend my hand.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
D
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
1.duty
A.n.责任;义务　B.n.职责　C.n.值班　D.n.税
①The government decided to reduce the duty on essential goods to help lower the cost of living._____
②The teacher’s duty is to ensure that all students understand the lesson._____
B
③I managed to get to a gas station,but it was Sunday in the early fall,and there was no mechanic on duty.(2024·九省联考)_____
④As a student,it is your duty to study hard and respect your teachers._____
C
A
2.normal
A.adj.典型的;正常的　B.adj.一般的　C.adj.精神正常的　D.n.常态;通常标准　E.n.一般水平
①I thought my writing was good enough,but after receiving feedback,I realized it was below normal,and I needed more practice._____
②Her grades are normal,but she is working hard to improve them before the end of the term._____
E
B
③Luckily,I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to normal in no time._____
④After taking a walk in the park,I felt much more normal and relaxed._____
⑤Regardless of how much they like a playmate,they may still grab his toys,refuse to share,and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.
(2024·九省联考)_____
D
C
A
3.scene
A.n.场面　B.n.现场　C.n.景色　D.n.(电影)镜头
①The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment._____
②Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue._____
③We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)_____
④After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks,we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.(2023·全国乙卷)_____
D
B
A
C
4.manner
A.n.(pl.)礼貌,礼仪　B.n.举止,态度　C.n.方式
①Normally people in the upper class have a polite and cool manner._____
②I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published.(2021·天津6月卷)_____
③It’s good manners to help those in need with patience._____
B
C
A
5.spot
A.vt.看见　B.vt.认出　C.n.地点,场所　D.n.斑点;污点
①One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field,near where a motorway cuts through my land.(浙江7月卷)_____
②I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.(2023·全国乙卷)_____
③When the naughty boy was running in the rain,his coat was covered with spots of mud._____
④I am so familiar with him that I spotted him immediately even in the distance._____
A
C
D
B
6.musical　adj.音乐的　n.音乐剧
Last weekend,my friends and I went to see a popular musical① at the local theater,which was full of energy,with amazing songs and dances.After the show,we felt inspired and decided to form our own musical② group at school.
_______________________________________________
①n.音乐剧 ②adj.音乐的
7.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads.(北京卷)___________
8.While libraries still loan out books,you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for,thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.(天津7月卷)___________
9.He suspected that the military were secretly plotting against him.___________
n.许可证
vt.借出
vi.密谋
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better.(2023·全国甲卷)___________
2.After all,what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius ___________
n.哲学家
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 名词后缀-er;-or;-ant;-ist;-ian;-ee表示“……人”
n.指挥
3.His work as a consultant consisted in advising foreign companies on the siting of new factories.___________
4.Minimalists believe that they don’t have to own a lot of possessions to be happy.____________
5.After interviewing a famous statistician,the journalist realized that numbers alone do not always tell the whole truth.(浙江卷)___________
6.With all the programmes,teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.(北京卷)________________
n.顾问
n.极简主义者
n.统计学家
n.受培训者;实习生
句型公式:find+宾语+宾语补足语
课本原句:About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.　大约一个月前,我在航海,傍晚时,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了海上。
佳句背诵　
If you put your heart into The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival,you may find the people and animals alive.(事物介绍)
如果你潜心观察《清明上河图》,你会发现上面的人和动物栩栩如生。
No.3　练透写作常用句式
以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换
①_______________________________________________ on the bench under a big tree when I passed by.(动作描写)
我经过时看到他正在一棵大树下的长凳上看书。
②_______________________________________________ the plot adapted attractive enough.
我们发现很难做到让改编的情节足够吸引人。
I found him reading a book
We find it difficult to make
③Most of the students found this exhibition was a platform for them to explore the beauty of China.
→_______________________________________________________________________________________________(简单句)
Most of the students found this exhibition a platform for them to
explore the beauty of China.
用法归纳
find+宾语+宾语补足语
教考衔接　语段训练
④_________________________________________________________ than I usually am in the classroom.The fresh air and natural light were invigorating,making it easier to express my artistic ideas.(活动介绍;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我发现自己比平时在教室里更放松和专注。新鲜的空气和自然光线令人精神焕发,使我更容易表达自己的艺术想法。
[点津]　find+it+形容词/名词+to do...中it是形式宾语,不定式短语to do...是真正的宾语。
I found myself more relaxed and focused
能力考查 素养达标
维度一　单元知识运用
1.After realising I had mistakenly taken her notebook,I quickly apologised __________my classmate for the confusion.
2.____________ (judge) by the loud cheers and applause,it was clear that the school’s drama club performance was a big success.
3.His new white sneakers were spotted ____________mud after he ran through the park on a rainy day.
to
Judging
with
4.My grandmother always has the patience ____________(teach) me how to cook traditional dishes.
5.She hesitated ________________(volunteer) for the school play,worried that she might forget her lines.
6.It is good manners ____________(stand) up when an elder enters the room.
7.Her parents permitted her ____________(attend) the weekend camp after making sure it was safe.
to teach
to volunteer
to stand
to attend
8.In case ____________bad weather,the outdoor event will be moved indoors.
9.When she entered the room,she found her brother ____________(play) video games instead of doing his homework.
10.It was her determination and hard work ____________led her to win the school’s science competition.
of
playing
that
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.__________________ (事实上), I 2.___________________ (正要离开) when my classmate asked for help.I 3._____________________ (愿意帮忙) because 4.____________________ (这是我们的责任) to help others in need.5.____________________________ (基于) friendship,I didn’t 6.____________ (犹豫).7.________________ (作为回报),she promised to help me with my project.
As a matter of fact
was about to leave
was willing to assist
it is our duty
On the basis of
hesitate
In return
维度三　单元话题写作(文学评论——读后感)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
假如你是李华,前不久刚读了马克·吐温的中短篇小说《百万英镑》,请用英语写一篇读后感。内容包括:
1.小说介绍;2.反映出的价值观;3.推荐阅读。
“The Million Pound Bank Note” is one of the most famous novels by Mark Twain,1.___________________________________________ (它讲述了一个年轻人的冒险故事) named Henry.
which tells an adventure of a young man
Because of an accident,he became penniless.But fortunately, 2.__________________________________________________________ (正是两个有钱的绅士就他打了个赌;强调句) and they gave him a million-pound bank note.Everyone looked down upon him and 3.____________________________________ (以粗鲁的态度对待他) when he was thought penniless.However,the moment they saw the million-pound bank note,they completely changed their attitude,4.________________________ (乐意为他服务).
it was a couple of rich gentlemen that made a bet on him
treated him in a rude manner
willing to serve him
From this story,we learn that never should we 5.________________________________ (从外表来评判一个人).This is such an interesting and humorous novel and never have I read a better one.6.____________________________ (如果时间允许的话),I would rather all of you read it and enjoyed its charm.
judge a person from his appearance
Time permitting
读写培优 教考协同
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Ⅰ.语料积累——动作细节描写:“头部”动作
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
词 块 1.head first 头朝下;头在前
2.bury one’s head under the quilt 把头埋在被子里
3.raise one’s head 抬起头
4.rest one’s head on one’s shoulder 把头靠在某人的肩膀上
5.head down 低着头
6.drop one’s head 低头
7.bury one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头
8.nod/shake one’s head 点/摇头
9.nod at sb 对某人点了点头
10.scratch one’s head 挠头
11.throw one’s head back 把头往后仰
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desk,____________,and held on to the legs of the desks.(head)
她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头在前,爬到课桌下面,并紧紧抓住桌腿。
2.When he got home,he ______________________________,
pretending to be asleep.(bury)
他回到家,把他的头埋在被子里,假装睡着了。
head first
buried his head under the quilt
3.Her mother stopped her housework,________________________ with worry in her eyes.(raise)
她母亲停下了家务活,抬起头,眼里流露出忧虑。
4.I rose to my feet and ________________________________________
and couldn’t help weeping.(rest)
我站起身来,把头靠在她的肩膀上,忍不住哭了起来。
5.I walked slowly to the bus,________________________,tears in my eyes.(head)
我慢慢地向公共汽车走去,低着头,眼里含着泪水。
raising her head
rested my head on her shoulder
my head down
(Ⅱ)补全语段
began to scratch his head
During the math test,Jamie felt confused and 1._______________________________________________(开始挠他的头;scratch),trying to remember the formulas.Each time he looked at a difficult question,2.____________________________ (他就会低头;drop),feeling overwhelmed.Beside him,Mia was deep in thought,3.__________________________ (她双手抱头;独立主格),as if isolating herself from distractions.When the teacher announced that
he would drop his head
her head buried in her hands
only five minutes remained,Jamie glanced at Mia,who suddenly looked up and 4.________________________ (对他点了点头;nod),as if encouraging him to keep going.Jamie smiled weakly and 5.________________________ (摇了摇他的头;shake),doubting he could finish in time.But inspired by Mia’s gesture,he refocused and continued.
nodded at him
shook his head
(2024·全国甲卷阅读D)
“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate,and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature.I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was heartbroken with the ending.Prof.Gracie,with all his patience,asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.He suggested I think about the
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters,endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.Of course,I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver,but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.
This was an aha moment for me,and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on,if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy,I’d pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess,I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier.
But writing the end—that’s hard.It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable,but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere,one that fits what’s right for the characters.
That’s why this issue(期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.If it’s short stories,Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.
This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be—that’s up to you and the story you’re telling—but it might provide what you need to get there.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在教授的启发下,重新思考文学作品不同结局的特点和意义。
32.Why did the author go to Prof.Gracie
A.To discuss a novel. B.To submit a book report.
C.To argue for a writer. D.To ask for a reading list.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者在大学三年级时正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究,并刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》。因此作者去找教授是为了讨论小说的结局,故选A项。
33.What did the author realize after seeing Prof.Gracie
A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences.
B.Readers are often carried away by characters.
C.Each type of literature has its unique ending.
D.A story which begins well will end well.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,作者在教授的启发下意识到,不同类型的文学作品有其特有的结局。如果想要读一个注定幸福的结局,就读爱情小说;如果想要读一个猜不出的结局,就读悬疑小说;如果想要读大概猜到故事发展的小说,就读历史小说,故选C项。
34.What is expected of a good ending
A.It satisfies readers’ taste. B.It fits with the story development.
C.It is usually positive. D.It is open for imagination.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,一个好的结局需要平衡创造性和不可预测性,同时又不能显得突兀,还需要符合角色的发展,故选B项。
35.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims
A.To give examples of great novelists.
B.To stress the theme of this issue.
C.To encourage writing for the magazine.
D.To recommend their new books.
√
解析　写作目的题。根据第四段内容可知,作者提到Peter Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期《作家文摘》杂志的主题,即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好的结局,故选B项。
Step 1　理清行文脉络
小说结局
发生转变
杂志背景介绍
介绍杂志内容
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.If it’s short stories,Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. ___________
2.“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.___________
3.I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was heartbroken with the ending.___________
n.结尾
n.结尾
adj.心碎的
4.One where I kind of knew what was going to happen,historical fiction.___________
5.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable,but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere,one that fits what’s right for the characters.________________________
adj.历史的
adj.无法预言的;不可预测的
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
(2026·石家庄高三教学质量检测)
Writer Chloe Dalton discovered an unexpected teacher in nature when a damaged internet cable,chewed by a brown hare (野兔) in her countryside home,brought not annoyance but concern for the animal.This marked a significant shift for Dalton,whose book Raising Hare records her relationship with a hare she rescued in early 2021.
She discovered a newborn hare near her house,unguarded by a nest or its mother.At first,she left it,not wanting to disturb nature’s course.But when she returned hours later to find the hare still there,exposed to the rough weather and potential enemies,she nervously took it home,without any knowledge of hare care.She carefully fed it milk with a dropper.While there was plenty of rabbit advice online,hares were still mysterious.
Refusing to domesticate the hare,Dalton let it move freely in her home,adjusting her busy life to match its habits.Its simple life reshaped her view:“If I could get this much pleasure from something so simple,” she reflects,“what else might be waiting to be discovered ”Their life together ended the strong focus on her busy life and brought a greater awareness of the environment.
In her book,Dalton gives historical context on the human-hare relationship and illustrates how horribly hares have often been treated.The brown hare population in Britain has declined 80 percent in the past century due to hunting and agriculture.The story provides a peaceful feeling with its delicate illustrations,but Dalton avoids idealizing nature,recognizing humans’ influence on animals.
Animal encounter books are common,and the good ones act like peaceful countryside escapes.We already understand the basic outlines even without reading books with similar themes-Catherine Raven’s Fox & I and Helen Macdonald’s H Is for Hawk.But Dalton’s weak animal is much lower on the food chain,adding more suspense to Raising Hare:Will the small creature survive until the story ends Dalton’s journey with her “weak companion” offers a reminder that healing (治愈) often comes not from control,but from adjusting to nature.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇书评。Chloe Dalton的书《Raising Hare》记录了她与一只野兔之间的故事,野兔简单的生活重塑了她对生活的观念。该书提醒人们治愈往往来自顺应自然而非控制。
1.What prevented Dalton from immediately rescuing the hare
A.Respect for nature. B.Lack of feeding knowledge.
C.Attack from its enemies. D.Advice from conservationists.
√
解析　细节理解题。文章第二段首句讲Dalton 在自家房子附近发现了一只刚出生的野兔,接着讲“At first,she left it,not wanting to disturb nature’s course.”。由此可知,出于对自然的尊重,Dalton起初没有立刻救下那只野兔,故选A。B项“缺乏喂养知识”;C项“来自它敌人的攻击”;D项“自然环境保护主义者的建议”。
2.How did the hare influence Dalton’s daily life
A.By damaging her home facilities.
B.By reminding her to focus on writing.
C.By requiring her constant care.
D.By inspiring her to live a slow-paced life.
√
解析　推理判断题。第三段讲Dalton让野兔在自己家里自由活动,调整自己忙碌的生活以适应它的习性,野兔简单的生活重塑了她对生活的观念;和野兔一起生活结束了她对忙碌生活的过度关注,让她对周围的环境有了更多的认识。由此可知,野兔激励Dalton过上一种慢节奏的生活,故选D。
3.What distinguishes Raising Hare from other animal stories
A.Its description of idealized nature.
B.Its delicate illustrations of the hare.
C.Its stimulation of readers’ tension.
D.Its focus on the knowledge of the hare.
√
解析　细节理解题。最后一段前两句讲描写与动物相遇的书很常见,即使在不读的情况下,人们也已经了解了这类故事的基本框架。接着But表转折,说明与其他描写与动物相遇的书不同,Dalton的书描述了一个处于食物链更低位置的弱小生物,这给图书增添了更多悬念,让读者好奇这只小生物是否能活到故事结束。由此可知,《Raising Hare》的独特之处是它激发了读者的紧张情绪,故选C。A项“它对理想化自然的描述”;B 项“它对野兔的精美插图”;D项“它对野兔知识的关注”。
4.What is the text
A.A news report. B.A short story.
C.A research paper. D.A book review.
√
解析　文章类型题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了Chloe Dalton的书 《Raising Hare》,对其内容、主题和独特之处进行了分析和评价,所以本文应该是一篇书评,故选D。A项“一篇新闻报道”;B项“一个短篇故事”;C项“一篇研究论文”。
(2026·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试)
A challenge of teaching mathematics rather than,say,history is that the homework is a lot harder to come up with.After all,“Was Henry Ⅷ a good king ”is a reasonable question to ask either a classroom of nine-year-olds or a lecture theatre of postgraduates.But “solve this quadratic equation(二次方程)”would leave the classroom nonplussed and the lecture theatre unimpressed.Maths is learned by doing and designing a problem that is easy enough to be accessible,yet hard enough to be satisfying.It is a big headache in itself.
Partly for this reason,books that successfully communicate how mathematicians think,but are aimed at those not already in the field,are both valuable and rare.Now Sir David Spiegelhalter,professor of statistics at the University of Cambridge,has added to the category with The Art of Uncertainty.His new book will appeal to many more than just mathematicians,for its topic is universal:how to analyse chance,uncertainty and risk.
If a new virus is running wild and the majority of deaths are among those who have received a newer vaccine(疫苗),is that evidence that the vaccination program is harmful How much of top football teams’ performance comes down to luck rather than skill Professor Spiegelhalter’s exploration of such questions is delightful.First,he uses them to illustrate broader ideas about how probability and statistics work.So a discussion of vaccine safety proceeds to Bayes’s theorem,a procedure for improving one’s judgment of probabilities as new evidence comes to light.The joy of Professor Spiegelhalter’s approach is that he reaches this deep truth through nothing more than some intuitive(直觉的) assumptions and very simple maths.
Most important,though,is Professor Spiegelhalter’s skill at communicating these ideas.Much of probability and statistics can go against our intuition,and the maths behind it is often fearsome.But this is not a difficult book to read or understand.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学教授David Spiegelhalter的《不确定性的艺术》一书,这本书通过直觉假设和简单数学,向非专业人士传达概率和统计学的概念,使复杂的数学变得易于理解。
5.What does the underlined word“nonplussed” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Impressed. B.Inspired.
C.Confused. D.Amused.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据语境和常识可知,解这个二次方程会让课堂上的孩子不知所措,让讲堂上的听众印象平平。因此,nonplussed在这里的意思是“非常困惑的”,故选C。A项“有深刻的好印象”;B项“受启发的”;C项“困惑的”;D项“逗笑的”。
6.What is the biggest selling point of The Art of Uncertainty according to the author
A.It casts light on maths thoughts.
B.It covers various topics.
C.It makes sense to ordinary people.
D.It satisfies maths professionals.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His new book will appeal...analyse chance,uncertainty and risk.”可知,《不确定性的艺术》将吸引的不仅仅是数学家,因为它的主题是普遍的:如何分析机会、不确定性和风险。这表明这本书对普通人来说也易于理解。
7.Why does the author mention Bayes’s theorem in paragraph 3
A.To prove the reliability of intuitions.
B.To reveal the book’s academic nature.
C.To underline the deep truth of judgement.
D.To demonstrate Spiegelhalter’s writing approach.
√
解析　写作目的题。根据第三段内容尤其是其中的“The joy of Professor Spiegelhalter’s approach...some intuitive(直觉的)assumptions and very simple maths.”可知,贝叶斯定理要根据新证据的出现而改进概率判断,而Spiegelhalter教授方法的美妙之处在于,他通过一些直觉假设和非常简单的数学就达到了这个深刻的真理。所以作者在第三段中提及贝叶斯定理是为了展现Spiegelhalter教授不同的达到深刻真理的方法,故选D。
8.What is the text mainly about
A.A master of maths teaching.
B.A book on intuitive assumptions.
C.A discussion of risk management.
D.A guide to understanding probability.
√
解析　主旨大意题。结合全文可知,文章主要介绍了Spiegelhalter教授的书《不确定性的艺术》,这本书通过简单的方法帮助读者理解概率和统计学的概念。因此,文章主要讲的是理解概率的指南。A项“数学教学大师”;B项“关于直觉假设的书”;C项“风险管理讨论”;D项“概率理解指南”。
(2026·南昌市高三模拟测试)
Genres(体裁) are often viewed as structural frameworks for literary texts,onto which elements like imagery,characters,plot,and settings are layered.These frameworks are passed down through generations,evolving(演变) over time.
Among all genres,the novel received the most critical attention in the twentieth century,often praised as the “king of genres” due to its reflection on the real world.Yet,in the nineteenth century,it was primarily seen as a form of middle-class entertainment.It was not until the twentieth century that the novel was lifted to the status of an art form,joining in the same league as painting or classical music.Later on,many scholars successively studied the characteristics of novels from the 18th and 19th centuries.
Recently,in a book of Edwin Frank,Stranger Than Fiction,he raises an appealing question:Is there such a thing as a “twentieth-century novel” Is it meaningful to distinguish the twentieth-century novel from its nineteenth-century predecessor—or even from the novel of the twenty-first century Frank thinks so.In his book,he illustrates how the twentieth-century novel matures into a distinct literary genre.The twentieth century was a period of violent change; therefore,violent change is what the twentieth-century novel reflects—not,or not only,in its subject matter but in its form.Frank suggests that,modern as the twentieth-century novel is,it shows the cultural relevance to development of societies.
However,that relevance seems to have waned.Today,the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation.People’s daily question has shifted from “What are you reading ” to “What are you streaming ” Television series have emerged as the dominant form of middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century.
Has prestige television reshaped the role of the novel Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations.Henry James,for example,would likely be pleased to
know that The Portrait of a Lady has been adapted into a miniseries,a feature film,and even a television version—each reaching a far larger audience than the original print edition could ever have hoped for.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小说这一文学体裁因其对现实世界的反映在二十世纪备受关注,Edwin Frank在其书《Stranger Than Fiction》中探讨了二十世纪小说的演变和独特性。如今,小说在文化对话中不再占据中心地位,电影、电视等大众传播媒介为小说注入了新的活力。
9.Why did the novel gain recognition in the twentieth century
A.It mirrored its link with reality.
B.It was written in amusing forms.
C.It displayed attractive characters.
D.It was authored by the middle class.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Among all genres...due to its reflection on the real world.”可知,在所有体裁中,小说在二十世纪受到了最重要的关注,因其对现实世界的反映而被誉为“体裁之王”。由此可知,小说在二十世纪获得认可的原因是它反映了与现实的联系,故选 A。mirror在此作动词,意为“反映”,与文中的reflection对应,选项中的reality与文中的“the real world”对应。
10.Which aspect of the twentieth-century novel does Stranger Than Fiction focus on
A.Its rise and fall. B.Its expansion and effect.
C.Its significance and limitation. D.Its evolution and uniqueness.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据题干中的“Stranger Than Fiction”将答案定位在第三段。根据该段的“In his book,he illustrates how...into a distinct literary genre.”可知,该书阐述了二十世纪小说如何发展为一种独特的文学体裁,即二十世纪小说的演变过程;再根据该段的“The twentieth century was a period of violent change...relevance to development of societies.”可知,该书还关注了二十世纪小说的独特性。故选D。
11.What does the underlined word “waned” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Varied. B.Weakened. C.Peaked. D.Remained.
√
解析　词义猜测题。画线词前的“that relevance”指代第三段尾句的“the cultural relevance to development of societies”,即小说与社会发展的文化相关性。根据第四段的“Today,the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation.”和“Television series have emerged...in the twenty-first century.”可知,如今,小说在文化对话中不再占据中心位置,电视连续剧已成为二十一世纪中产阶级娱乐的主要形式。由此可推知,此处表示小说与社会发展的文化相关性似乎减弱了,故画线词与B项的意思最为接近。C项的peak在此作动词,意为“达到顶峰,达到最高水平”。
12.What does the example of The Portrait of a Lady indicate
A.Novels lose their artistic appeal.
B.Adaptations decrease novels’ status.
C.The media breathe new life into novels.
D.TV shows change the role of novels.
√
解析　推理判断题。最后一段的“Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations.”表明许多十九世纪的小说在二十世纪通过电影改编而焕发活力。接着作者以《The Portrait of a Lady》这本小说为例,说明它被改编成多种形式,且每一种形式都比原著更受观众欢迎,借此证明电影、电视等大众传播媒介为小说注入了新的活力,故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2026·甘肃一诊暨甘肃省高三月考试卷)
Smart Shopping Strategies for the Holiday Season
It’s season for spending,as we look ahead to the end-of-year holidays and start shelling out money for different necessities.This year will be especially tough on budgets due to the high prices.　1　
·Do a clean-up during seasonal panies are all trying to attract us to shop at the end of the year.You can find a lot of good deals,but you’ll want to start with a plan.　2　 And that will help you determine which are important to you.
·Don’t be blinded by big markdowns.　3　 You need to confirm that it’s actually a good deal by checking prices online.If you find a lower price,ask at the register for a price match or load up your virtual cart.Some stores will match their online prices and the prices of selected competitors.
·　4　 Tools such as Price Tracker can help you purchase things when prices hit rock bottom or close to it.And you can set up email alerts to be notified when prices drop.Also remember that policies vary with different retailers during the holiday shopping season.
·Don’t trust ads on social media.　5　 If you see something you want to buy in a post,check to make sure the company has a website with contact information,a physical address and a return policy.Also,search for reviews and complaints online and check the Better Business Bureau at bbb.org.
A.Do buy low.
B.Do use price trackers.
C.Commercials could contain cheating descriptions.
D.The sign of “50% off” doesn’t mean it’s a bargain.
E.Make a list,including models and features you want.
F.To save more of your money,follow these do’s and don’ts.
G.Set aside some money in a bank account for emergency repairs.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一系列假期购物省钱策略,包括在季节性促销时制订购物计划,不被大幅降价迷惑,借助价格追踪器等工具和方法把握最佳购买时机进行低价购买,以及不要信任社交媒体上的广告等。
1.F　[空前提到由于物价高昂,今年在预算方面会格外吃紧,F选项“为了节省更多钱,遵循这些该做和不该做的事情”承接上文预算吃紧的话题,又引出后文几种具体的购物策略,符合语境。故选F。]
2.E　[空前“You can find a lot of good deals,but you’ll want to start with a plan.”提到了计划的必要性,E选项“列一个清单,包括你想要的样式和特色”承接上文提到的计划,说明计划的具体内容,符合语境,故填E。空后的that指代空处所描述的事情。]
3.D　[该段主旨句强调不要被大幅的降价迷惑。D选项“‘五折’的标志并不意味着这是减价品”直接解释了不要被大幅的降价迷惑的原因,符合逻辑和语境。故选D。]
4.A　[段落主旨句。此段讲了诸如Price Tracker这类工具能帮你在价格触底或接近底部时进行购买,可以建立邮件警报以便降价时收到通知,也要记得假期购物时节不同的零售商有不同的政策。这些都说明了一定要把握时机低价购买东西。故选A。]
5.C　[空前主题句表明不要信任社交媒体广告,C选项“广告可能包含欺骗性描述”解释了其原因,承接上文。故选C。C项的Commercials与空前的ads为同义表达。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.3:domesticate v.驯化,驯养(动物)　Para.4:idealize v.将……理想化,将……视为理想　Para.5:suspense n.(对即将发生的事等的)担心,焦虑,兴奋,悬念
B Para.3:illustrate v.(用示例、图画等)说明,解释　
proceed v.继续做;接着做,继而做
C Para.1:framework n.体系,体制,框架,准则　Para.2:critical adj.极重要的,关键的,至关紧要的;批评的,批判性的,挑剔的;危急的;有判断力的　successively adv.连续地,接连地,相继地 Para.3:predecessor n.原先的东西,被替代的事物　Para.4:dominant adj.首要的,占支配地位的,占优势的,显著的
七选五 Para.1:necessity n.必需的事物,必需品　
Para.3:blind v.使思维混沌,使失去判断力 markdown n.减价,降价
Para.4:tracker n.追踪者,跟踪者,追踪人(或野兽)的人
核心短语 B Para.3:run wild失控　come down to归结为　come to light暴露,真相大白
nothing more than只不过　Para.4:go against违背,不符合
C Para.2:in the same league as sth和某物在同一档次(级别)上　Para.5:a feature film故事片
七选五 Para.1:look ahead to展望未来,为将来设想　shell out付(一大笔钱)
Para.4:rock bottom最低点,最低水平　set up安排,创建;设立,设置
熟词生义 C (1)layer(Para.1)常用义:n.表层,层文章义:v.铺一层……,分层放置
例句:Layer the raw sliced vegetables in a shallow baking dish.
把生蔬菜片一层层地叠放在浅烤盘里。
(2)mature(Para.3)常用义:adj.成熟的　文章义:v.充分发展;使(技能或素质)成熟
例句:She has matured into one of the country’s finest actresses.
她已经成长为这个国家一位最优秀的演员。
难句分析 B
,is that evidence (Para.3)
译文:如果一种新病毒正在肆虐,大多数死亡病例都是接种了新型疫苗的人,这是否证明了疫苗接种计划是有害的
Thanks！
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