资源简介

Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.physiology n.　　　 生理学;生理机能
2.artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素
3.malaria n. 疟疾
4.extract n. 提取物;摘录
vt. 提取;提炼;摘录;(用力)拔出
5.wormwood n. 蒿;洋艾
6.substance n. 物质;物品;事实根据
7.penicillin n. 青霉素;盘尼西林
8.relativity n. 相对论;相对性
9.formula n. 公式;方程式;配方
10.patent n. 专利;专利证书;获得专利
adj. 有专利的;受专利保护的
11.doctorate n. 博士学位
12.photoelectric adj. 光电的
13.institution n. 社会公共机构;制度;习俗
14.institute n. (教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
15.moustache n. 上唇的胡子;髭
16.peculiarity n. 个性;特点;怪异的性质
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.crucial adj. 至关重要的;关键性的
2.objective n. 目标;目的
adj. 客观的
3.boil vt.& vi. (使)沸腾;煮开;烧开
vi. 怒火中烧;异常气愤
n. 沸腾;沸点
4.liquid n. 液体
adj. 液体的;液态的
5.obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得;赢得
vi. (规章、习俗等)存在;流行
6.defeat n. 失败;挫败
vt. 击败;战胜
7.insist vi.& vt. 坚持;坚决要求
8.mostly adv. 主要地;一般地
9.flee vi.& vt.(fled,fled) 迅速离开;逃跑
10.flow n. 流;流动;流畅;供应
vi. 流;流动
11.chart n. 图表
vt. 记录;制订计划
12.numerous adj. 众多的;许多的
13.theory n. 理论;学说
14.genius n.(pl.geniuses) 天才;天资;天赋
15.extraordinary adj. 不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的
[敲黑板]extraordinary是由extra+ordinary构成的合成词。
16.encounter vt. 偶然碰到;遇到
n. 解逅;遭遇
17.mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼;忧伤
18.remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
①a vital lesson 一堂极其重要的课程
②a vital skill 必不可少的技能
③a vital environment 充满生机的环境
2.property n.性质;特征;财产
①physical properties 物理性质
②personal property 个人财产
3.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
①favorable circumstances 有利的条件
②learning circumstances 学习环境
③emergency circumstances 紧急状况
4.device n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器
①a study device 学习方法
②a time management device 时间管理技巧
③an electronic device 电子装置
④a measuring device 测量仪器
5.draft n.草稿;草案vt.起草;草拟
①a rough draft 草稿
②draft an essay 草拟论文
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.commit vt.　　　　 承诺;保证;花(钱或时间)
vi. 忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
commitment n. 投入;奉献;承诺
2.academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校
academic adj. 学业的;学术的
3.botanical adj. 植物学的
botany n. 植物学
4.evaluate vt. 评价;评估
evaluation n. 评价;评估
5.distinct adj. 清晰的;清楚的;有区别的
distinction n. 区别;差别
6.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;(微笑、挥手等)致意
acknowledgement n. 承认,确认;感谢;收件复函
7.analyse (NAmE-ze) vt. 分析
analysis (pl.analyses) n. 分析
8.apparently adv. 显而易见;看来;显然
apparent adj. 明显的,显而易见的
9.scientific adj. 科学(上)的;关于科学的
science n. 科学
scientist n. 科学家
10.conclusion n. 结论;推论
conclude vt. 断定;推断出
vt.& vi. (使)结束,终止
11.novel n. (长篇)小说
adj. 新颖的;珍奇的
novelist n. 小说家
12.found vt. 创建;建立;把……建立在
founder n. 创建者;创始人
foundation n. 创建;基金会
13.infer vt. 推断;推定
inference n. 推理,推论
14.politician n. 从政者;政治家;政客
politics n. 政治(学)
political adj. 政治的
15.gentle adj. 温柔的;文静的
gently adv. 温柔地;温和地
gentleman n. 绅士;阁下;有教养的人
16.passion n. 酷爱;激情
passionate adj. 有激情的
17.gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地
gradual adj. 逐渐的,渐增的
18.consequence n. 结果;后果
consequent adj. 随之发生的;作为结果的
consequently adv. 结果;因此;所以
19.professor n. 教授
profession n. 职业,行业
professional adj. 职业的;专业的
n. 专业人士
20.sum vt. 总结;概括
n. 金额;款项;总数;总和
summary n. 归纳,总结
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.lead to 导致
2.with the objective of 以……为目的
3.insist on 坚决要求
4.wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗
5.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
6.come to power (开始)掌权;上台
7.take up a position 担任;任职
8.sum up 总结;概括
(二)主题词块
1.a committed and patient scientist 一位坚定且有耐心的科学家
2.get stuck 进入僵局;遇到困难
3.spread Chinese medicine around the world 把中医传播到世界各地
4.flow chart 流程图
5.out of a strong passion for knowledge 出于对知识的强烈热爱
6.be recorded as a miracle year 被记载为奇迹之年
7.be mistaken for 被误认为是
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.(be thought to)
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分,被认为仅在非洲每年就能挽救10万人的性命。
2.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.(insist on doing...)
屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药,以确保药物的安全性。
3.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”(upon/on doing...)
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
4.It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.(it作形式主语)
中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播,这确实是一种荣誉。
5.He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.(独立主格)
他为世界作出了许多贡献,最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-sion/-ssion表示性质或行为等
de→sion conclude→conclusion结论　decide→decision决定　explode→explosion爆炸 divide→division分配;分割
d→sion expand→expansion扩张;增加　extend→extension延伸
t→ssion admit→admission准许加入　permit→permission允许　submit→submission提交;屈服
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.physiology n.生理学;生理机能
2.substance n.物质;物品;事实根据
3.patent n.专利;专利证书;获得专利
adj.有专利的;受专利保护的
4.doctorate n.博士学位
5.institution n.社会公共机构;制度;习俗
6.institute n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
7.moustache n.上唇的胡子;髭
8.peculiarity n.个性;特点;怪异的性质
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
2.obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行
3.defeat n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜
4.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
5.mostly adv.主要地;一般地
6.flee vi.& vt.(fled,fled)迅速离开;逃跑
7.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
8.numerous adj.众多的;许多的
9.theory n.理论;学说
10.extraordinary adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的
11.encounter vt.偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇
12.mourn vt.& vi.哀悼;忧伤
13.remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.commit vt.承诺;保证;花(钱或时间) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→commitment n.投入;奉献;承诺
2.botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物学的
3.evaluate vt.评价;评估→evaluation n.评价;评估
4.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→distinction n.区别;差别
5.apparent adj.明显的,显而易见的→apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然
6.science n.科学→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的
7.conclude vt.断定;推断出→conclusion n.结论;推论
8.novel n.(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的;珍奇的→novelist n.小说家
9.infer vt.推断;推定→inference n.推理,推论
10.found vt.创建;建立;把……建立在→founder n.创建者;创始人→foundation n.创建;基金会
11.gradual adj.逐渐的,渐增的→gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地
12.gentle adj.温柔的;文静的→gently adv.温柔地;温和地→gentleman n.绅士;阁下;有教养的人
13.passion n.酷爱;激情→passionate adj.有激情的
14.consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→consequently adv.结果;因此;所以→consequence n.结果;后果
15.sum vt.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和→summary n.归纳,总结
Ⅳ.重点短语
1.insist on 坚决要求
2.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
3.come to power(开始)掌权;上台
4.sum up总结;概括
5.lead to导致
6.wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗
7.with the objective of以……为目的
8.take up a position 担任;任职
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.(be thought to)
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分,被认为仅在非洲每年就能挽救10万人的性命。
2.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”(upon/on doing...)
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
3.It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.(it作形式主语)
中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播,这确实是一种荣誉。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We have obtained (获得) permission from the directors to use some of our funds.
2.Chaplin,an extraordinary (非凡的) silent movie performer,starred in many outstanding comedies.
3.Every day of our lives we encounter (遇到) major or minor stresses of one kind or another.
4.There is nothing we can do to help Linda,whose circumstances (状况) are beyond our control.
5.Hearing the fire alarm,the frightened people fled in panic in all directions.
6.The Women’s Volleyball Team defeated its opponent and won another World Champion.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
apparent;consequent;evaluate;infer;passion;science
1.The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.
2.We didn’t have enough money to pay for our bus fares,and in consequence we had to walk.
3.Three professors were asked to make an evaluation of the teaching plans designed by the new teachers.
4.He made a passionate speech on the current situation of water shortage and appealed to all citizens to save water.
5.As is apparently shown in the chart above,there are about 10% of students supporting the idea.
6.Judging from his puzzled expression,we made inferences that he didn’t figure out what I said just now.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
come to power;commit oneself to;insist on;lead to;sum up;take up a position;wear and tear
1.A misunderstanding between the two friends led to an argument,and they both felt upset afterward.
2.To sum up,low price,easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.
3.Jerry took up a position as a salesman at a big company after graduation.
4.My friend insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
5.After much thought,I committed myself to joining the school play,despite my nervousness.I knew it would be a great experience.
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
1.The new student in our class is thought to be very talented in mathematics.(be thought to)
我们班的新同学被认为在数学方面非常有天赋。
2.I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my honour to show you around Beijing when that day comes.(it作形式主语)
我真诚地希望你的梦想会实现,当那一天到来时,带你参观北京是我的荣幸。
3.Upon/On returning to the country,they received praise and flowers.(upon/on doing...)
他们一回国就收到了赞誉和鲜花。
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
Madam Curie 1.defeated (defeat) many challenges and managed to discover two kinds of radioactive elements.In 1891,she was admitted into the University of Paris,where she achieved great academic performances and 2.as a consequence,she became the first woman professor.Under unbearable 3.circumstances (circumstance),she and her husband spared no effort to analyze and evaluate pitchblende (沥青铀矿) with the objective of 4.extracting (extract) radioactive substances and studying their properties.Using flow charts and 5.summing (sum) up what they had studied,the couple drew a conclusion that Po and Ra did exist.
Passage 2
1.Apparently (apparent),everyone knows the geniuses and politicians who have helped to change the face of the world in recent years.From Steve Jobs,who worked with extraordinary passion and consequently 2.obtained (obtain) great success in technological renovation,to Song Qingling who 3.was committed (commit) to improving the welfare of women and children,few would not recognise their names.However,numerous people who work tirelessly behind the scenes often go unnoticed,despite their remarkable achievements.Yet it is vital 4.that they all deserve to have their contributions 5.acknowledged (acknowledge).
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
1.commit vt.承诺;保证;花(钱或时间) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
(committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 commitment n.投入;奉献;承诺)
佳句背诵　
I suggest you commit an hour a day to reading English,which can gradually improve your oral English.(建议信)
我建议每天花一个小时读英语,这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①He was so selfless that he was committed to doing(do) voluntary work to help people in need all the time.
②Emily committed herself to learning/learn how to play the piano,practicing every day for an hour.Despite finding it challenging at first,she gradually improved.
艾米丽承诺学习弹钢琴,每天练习一个小时。尽管起初觉得很有挑战性,但她逐渐进步了。
用法归纳
·commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit sth to (doing) sth 将时间或金钱花在(做)某事上
commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
·be committed to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
·make a commitment 作出承诺
commitment to sb/(doing) sth/do sth 对……的承诺
教考衔接　单句写作
③The rise of new energy vehicles reflects China’s commitment to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions.(发言稿;2024·全国甲卷)
新能源汽车的兴起体现了中国对可持续发展和降低碳排放的承诺。
2.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;(微笑、挥手等)致意
(acknowledgement n.承认,确认;感谢;收件复函)
佳句背诵　
I acknowledged that I had been wrong,and he listened quietly.After a long pause,he sighed and accepted my apology.(心理描写;2025·全国一卷)
我承认自己错了,他静静地听着,沉默良久后,他叹了口气,接受了我的道歉。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Tom acknowledged being defeated/having been defeated (defeat) in the English speech competition,which made us quite depressed.
②It is universally/widely acknowledged that the film is not only instructive but also full of passion.(现象介绍)
大家普遍认为这部电影不仅具有指导意义,而且充满激情。
用法归纳
acknowledge sb/sth as/to be...　 认为某人/某物是……;承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
acknowledge that...　 承认……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的;大家普遍认为……
教考衔接　单句写作
③Confucius is acknowledged as/to be one of the greatest ancient educators in China,who deeply influenced China throughout the history.(人物介绍;2023·全国甲卷)
孔子被认为是中国最伟大的古代教育家之一,他在整个历史进程中深深地影响了中国。
3.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
佳句背诵　
She insisted on persuading me until I promised to give up this thought.(动作描写)
她坚持要说服我,直到我答应放弃这个想法。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Jack insisted that he had completed (complete) his homework before going out to play.
②The coach insists that every player (should) practice for at least an hour every day,even when there is no upcoming match.
教练坚决要求每个球员每天都应该至少练习一个小时,即使没有即将到来的比赛。
用法归纳
insist on (doing) sth　坚决要求/坚持(做)某事
insist作“坚决要求”讲时,后接宾语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,形式为“should+动词原形”,should可省略;作“坚持认为”讲时,从句用陈述语气,根据需要选择相应的时态。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Since I was touched by his generosity,I insisted that I at least buy him lunch as my appreciation.(人物描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
由于被他慷慨的行为所感动,我坚持要至少请他吃顿午饭以示感谢。
片段巩固
用commit;acknowledge;insist完成努力学习英语的续写片段
写作提示:我致力于提高英语→老师认为我是勤奋的学生→表扬我的进步→我坚持每天练习→相信努力会有回报
I am committed to improving my English.My teacher acknowledges me to be a diligent student and often praises my progress.I insist on practicing every day,believing that consistent effort will pay off.
4.conclusion n.结论;推论[conclude vt.断定;推断出vt.& vi.(使)结束,终止]
佳句背诵　
I came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands.(主旨升华)
我从我自己的经历中得出结论:用自己的双手劳动很重要。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①He concluded his speech with a famous saying “Where there is a will,there is a way”.
②After a long day of hiking,we concluded our trip by taking a group photo at the top of the mountain.(动作描写)
经过一天的徒步旅行后,我们在山顶拍了一张集体照,结束了我们的旅行。
用法归纳
·in conclusion　　　 最后;总之
come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论
·conclude...with sth/by doing sth 以某事/做某事结束……
to conclude 总之
conclude from... 从……中得出结论
教考衔接　语段训练
③In conclusion/To conclude,China’s 75 years of progress have been remarkable.From the early years of reconstruction to the modern era of innovation,China has transformed into a global leader.(现象介绍;2024·北京卷)
总的来说,中国75年的进步是显著的。从早期的重建年代到现代的创新时代,中国已经转变为一个全球领导者。
5.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
佳句背诵　
Given the unusual circumstances of heavy rain,the school decided to postpone the outdoor event until the weather improved.(通知)
鉴于下大雨的特殊情况,学校决定将户外活动推迟到天气好转后再进行。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Even under/in the circumstances,he still spared no effort to improve himself.
②If circumstances permit/allow,I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
如果情况允许的话,我会立即采取行动实现梦想。
用法归纳
under/in no circumstances　 无论如何都不,决不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然如此
if circumstances permit/allow 如果情况允许的话
教考衔接　单句写作
③Feeling deeply embarrassed by my careless mistake,I promised myself that in/under no circumstances would I allow such an error to happen again.(心理描写;2021·浙江1月卷)
由于对自己的粗心错误感到非常尴尬,我向自己承诺在任何情况下都不会再让这样的错误发生。
6.consequence n.结果;后果(consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的
consequently adv.结果;因此;所以)
佳句背诵　
I carelessly got the plan ruined,so I had to take the consequences.
我不小心把计划搞砸了,所以我必须承担后果。
以练促学　同义句转换/语块填空
①My grandfather was under treatment in hospital,and consequently,I have to take care of him.
→My grandfather was under treatment in hospital,and as a consequence/in consequence,I have to take care of him.
②As/In a consequence of/As a result of (由于) his kindness,he made many friends.His ability to listen and offer support made him someone people could rely on.
用法归纳
因此
因为……;由于……
take the consequences承担后果
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences (consequent).I have a very strong fear that the lie we’re telling is doing spiritual damage to our children.(全国Ⅰ卷)
7.take up a position担任;任职
佳句背诵　
She took up a position as a marketing manager after she graduated from university.
她从大学毕业后,就任市场经理一职。
以练促学　语段训练/单句写作
①Last weekend,my brother decided to take apart our old computer to see how it worked.He carefully took down the monitor.As he explained each part to me,I tried my best to take in the information.After a while,I took over and helped him put everything back together.
②After the long hike,she couldn’t wait to take off her muddy shoes and relax her tired feet,enjoying the cool breeze.(动作描写)
长途徒步后,她迫不及待地脱下泥泞的鞋子,放松疲惫的双脚,享受凉爽的微风。
用法归纳
take up　　 拿起;占用,占据;开始从事;学着做;开始做;接受;继续
take apart 拆开
take down 放下;记下;拆除
take in 欺骗;吸收;理解
take off (飞机)起飞;(事业)腾飞;脱下
take on 呈现;雇用;承担
take over 接管;接替
教考衔接　语段训练
③I asked my parents to allow me to take up a piano lesson.In the beginning,it was quite difficult to read the notes.However,it did not discourage me.(短文投稿;2023·全国乙卷)
我请求父母允许我上钢琴课。一开始,阅读音符相当困难。然而,这并没有让我气馁。
片段巩固
用conclusion;circumstance;consequence;take up完成追求梦想的续写片段
写作提示:在任何情况下,他们都没有放弃梦想→他们接受挑战→面对困难→结果取得了成功→得出结论:毅力是成功的关键
Under no circumstances have they given up on their dreams.They have taken up challenges,faced difficulties,and,as a consequence,succeeded.From them,we draw a conclusion that perseverance is the key to success.
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
1.draft
A.n.草稿;草案　B.vt.起草;草拟　C.vt.选派;抽调
①She wrote the first draft of her essay,knowing she would need to revise it several times before submitting it.A
②She hoped that Tom could be drafted to run the organization.C
③He was asked to draft a letter of recommendation for his classmate,highlighting her achievements and skills.B
2.flow
A.n.流动　B.n.流畅　C.n.供应　D.vi.(液体)流动　E.vi.(大量人或物)流动
F.vi.飘拂
①There is no denying that the government encourages the flow of goods and services to remote areas.C
②Large numbers of villagers continue to flow into big cities to search for jobs.E
③We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers.(2021·北京卷)A
④His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)B
⑤Seconds later,our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(2021·天津3月卷)F
⑥A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)D
3.sum
A.vi.总结;概括　B.n.金额;款项　C.n.总和
①To sum up,there are three main ways of dealing with the present problem.A
②It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve.C
③A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.B
4.take up
A.学着做,开始做　B.占据(时间、空间) 　C.拿起　 D.继续
①Sometimes,the smallest things take up the most room in your heart.B
②When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language A
③Harry took up the tale at the point where John had left off.D
④I took up the telephone receiver only to dial a wrong number.C
5.acknowledge　vt.承认;告知收到;(公开)感谢
He wrote me a letter in which he acknowledged① having made mistakes in the past and also acknowledged② my help and support for him,and I soon acknowledged③ the receipt of it.
①vt.承认　②vt.(公开)感谢　③vt.告知收到
6.Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars,early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.(2021·北京卷)adj.新颖的,与众不同的
7.Testing yourself with information on cards is a useful device for studying.n.方法
8.I agree with the substance of what you say,but differ on points of detail.n.基本内容,主旨要义
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 名词后缀-age表示“状态,总称”等;名词后缀-dom表示“状态,领域,范围”等;名词后缀-th表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”等
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)n.覆盖范围
2.The continuing leakage is the result of the long crack in the pipe.n.泄漏
3.Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom.(2024·全国甲卷)n.厌倦;厌烦
4.The width of the river was impressive,and we decided to cross it by boat.n.宽度
5.The length of the hike was longer than we expected,but the beautiful scenery made it worth the effort.n.长度
No.3　练透写作常用句式
1.句型公式:“upon/on doing...” 意为“一……就……”
课本原句:Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”　当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
佳句背诵　
On arriving at the new school,he felt nervous but was quickly welcomed by his classmates who showed him around.(心理+动作描写)
当他到达新学校时他感到紧张,但很快就受到了同学们的欢迎,并带他四处参观。
以练促学　一句多译
①我的头一从大南瓜里拔出来,我就松了一口气。
→As soon as my head was pulled out of the huge pumpkin,I sighed in relief.(as soon as)
→The instant/moment/minute my head was pulled out of the huge pumpkin,I sighed in relief.(名词短语作连词)
→Immediately/Instantly/Directly my head was pulled out of the huge pumpkin,I sighed in relief.(副词作连词)
用法归纳
(1)“upon/on+doing/n.”构成介词短语,用作时间状语,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生,依据语境可译作“当……时;一……就……;在……的时候”。
(2)其他表示“一……就……”的连词/句式有:
·as soon as+句子
·由名词短语构成的连词:the instant/moment/minute+句子
·由副词作连词:instantly/immediately/directly+句子
教考衔接　单句写作
②Upon/On hearing the shot of the race,everyone just rushed forward;only a small thin body was staggering behind.(动作描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
一听到比赛的枪声,大家就都向前冲去,只有一个瘦小的身体摇摇晃晃地跟在后面。
2.句型公式:it作形式主语
课本原句:It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播,这确实是一种荣誉。
佳句背诵　
It is important for us to manage time wisely to balance schoolwork and activities.(建议信)
对我们来说,明智地管理时间以平衡学业和活动是很重要的。
以练促学　同义句转换
①People generally believe that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.
→It is generally believed that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.(it作形式主语)
②I’m more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family.It is necessary for you to know about the table manners of China.
→I’m more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family.It is necessary that you should know about the table manners of China.(It be+adj.+that...)
用法归纳
it作形式主语的常用句式:
(1)It be+名词短语+(for sb) to do sth
(2)It be+形容词+(of/for sb) to do sth
(3)It be+过去分词(said、thought、believed、supposed、reported...)+that从句
(4)It be+形容词(strange、important、vital、obvious、possible...)+that从句
(5)It be+名词短语(a pity、a shame、a fact、a good idea、no wonder...)+that从句
教考衔接　单句写作
③As high school students,it’s our responsibility/duty to protect the oceans,which are the lungs of our planet.(短文投稿;2022·全国甲卷)
作为高中生,保护海洋是我们的责任,海洋是我们星球的肺。
维度一　单元知识运用
1.She has been committed to volunteering (volunteer) at the local animal shelter every weekend,believing that her efforts make a positive difference.
2.She acknowledged copying/having copied (copy) her friend’s homework but explained that she did it because she had been sick and couldn’t finish her work on time.
3.Despite the cold weather,he insists on jogging (jog) every morning at 6 am,believing that this routine helps him stay healthy.
4.In conclusion,teamwork is essential in any successful project.
5.She neglected her studies,and as a consequence,she failed several of her exams.
6.He decided to take up photography as a new hobby,spending weekends exploring the city to capture unique and interesting scenes.
7.It is a challenging task for students to finish (finish) all their assignments on time.
8.She is thought to be (be) one of the most talented musicians of her generation.
9.Upon/On receiving the scholarship,he immediately called his parents to share the good news.
10.His work completed (complete),he finally relaxed with a cup of tea,reflecting on the day’s accomplishments with satisfaction.
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.It is vital that (……是至关重要的) people of great achievement 2.have a passion (热衷) for their goals.They have 3.encountered numerous challenges (遇到了许多挑战) but never given up.4.To sum up (总而言之),their ability to 5.analyse (分析) difficulties and overcome 6.defeats (失败) led them to 7.obtain success (获得成功).8.Apparently (显然),their perseverance and determination were the key to their achievements.
维度三　单元话题写作(人物介绍——值得尊敬的人)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1.人物简介;2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers,parents or our elders.As for me,the person I respect most is my uncle,who 1.is committed to curing patients of their diseases (致力于治疗病人的疾病) all his life.
My uncle is determined and considerate,and 2.under no circumstances does he give in to difficulties (在任何情况下他都不向困难屈服;部分倒装) or give up his patients.Ever since he 3.took up a position (任职) as a doctor,he has been serving all the patients heart and soul.In his opinion,4.it is his responsibility to help patients (帮助病人是他的职责;it作形式主语) recover from illnesses.5.Upon/On hearing (一听说;on/upon...) that patients are in need of help,he will come to their assistance without hesitation.
This is my uncle whom I respect and love most.
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Ⅰ.语料积累——动作细节描写:眼睛(一)
词 块 1.stare out the window 凝视着窗外 2.with one’s eyes fixed/focused on a book 眼睛盯着一本书 3.gaze at the surroundings 凝视着周围的环境 4.with innocent and curious eyes 带着天真而好奇的眼神 5.one’s eyes glittering/sparkling/shining with thrill眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒 6.wipe one’s tears 擦了擦眼泪 7.lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛 8.focus one’s eyes on the ceiling 盯着天花板 9.meet sb’s eyes 接触某人的目光 10.stare into sb 凝视某人 11.fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着 12.lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛 13.tears stream down one’s cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊流下来 14.one’s eyes red from crying 眼睛哭红 15.fill with tears 充满泪水
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Instead,she stared out the window and counted backwards:“Ten,nine,eight,seven...”(stare)
然而,她凝视着窗外,倒数着:“十、九、八、七……”
2.John sat beside the window,with his eyes fixed/focused on a book.(with复合结构)
约翰坐在窗边,眼睛盯着一本书。
3.Gazing at the surroundings,he sang happily,with innocent and curious eyes.(动词-ing形式短语作状语;介词短语)
他带着天真而好奇的眼神凝视着周围的环境,愉快地唱着歌。
4.When he recognised who the visitor was,John opened his mouth wide,his eyes glittering/sparkling/shining with thrill.(独立主格)
当约翰认出来访者是谁时,他张大了嘴,眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
5.The desperate woman wiped her tears,lifted her eyes and focused her eyes on the ceiling.(动作链)
那个绝望的女人擦了擦眼泪,抬起眼睛盯着天花板。
(Ⅱ)补全语段
In the school play,Emma was nervous.As she stood on stage,1.she met her best friend Lucy’s eyes (她与好朋友露西的目光相遇;meet).Lucy’s supportive smile made Emma’s heart lighter.Halfway through her lines,however,Emma stumbled over a word.2.She stared into Lucy (她凝视着露西;stare),seeking reassurance.Seeing Lucy nod slightly,Emma took a deep breath.But the overwhelming sense of everyone watching caused her eyes to 3.fill with tears (充满泪水;fill).Quickly,4.she lowered her eyes (她垂下眼睛;lower) to hide her emotions.The brief moment helped;she composed herself,raised her head,and delivered the rest of her lines flawlessly,5.her eyes now glittering/sparkling/shining with thrill (现在她的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒;独立主格).
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
(2023·全国乙卷阅读A)
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully.In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor,she was banned from medicine.
Tan Yunxian (1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents.Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors.However,Tan passed the official exam.Tan treated women from all walks of life.In 1511,Tan wrote a book,Sayings of a Female Doctor,describing her life as a physician.
James Barry (c.1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but,dressed as a man,she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine.She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,then joined the British Army,serving overseas.Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860.Four years later,she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.She moved to Virginia in 1865,where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了历史上四位女医生的非凡经历。
21.What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A.Doing teaching jobs.
B.Being hired as physicians.
C.Performing surgery.
D.Being banned from medicine.
答案　C
解析　[细节理解题。根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania中的“she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery”和James Barry中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813”可知,这两个人的共同之处就是她们都做手术,故选C项。]
22.How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A.She wrote a book.
B.She went through trials.
C.She worked as a dentist.
D.She had formal education.
答案　A
解析　[细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian部分的介绍可知,谈允贤从小跟着爷爷奶奶学医,并通过了官方的考试,一生中为各行各业的女性诊疗。她还写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书,记录了自己的女医生涯。其他三个医生的介绍中均并未提到写书,因此选A项。]
23.Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A.Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B.Tan Yunxian.
C.James Barry.
D.Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
答案　D
解析　[细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler中的“she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree”可知,Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国人,因此答案为D项。]
Step 1　理清行文脉络
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.v.从事(医务工作、法律专业等),执业
2.In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully.adv.非法地
3.She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,then joined the British Army,serving overseas.v.取得资格adv.在海外
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2026·南京、盐城市高三第一学期调研测试)
More than 20 years ago,Yung-Chi Cheng,a Yale professor in drug development for cancer,had a pioneering idea:what if he could unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines for treating cancer What if he could design botanical drugs that would make traditional cancer treatments work better No one had done it before.Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course,because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.But Cheng didn’t let the idea go.
Now,in a landmark moment for cancer research,Cheng and research partners are launching the first international clinical trial for a botanical drug,YIV-906.Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng’s Yale lab,spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale’s library,seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang,a 1,800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses,based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice.
What followed were years of additional testing of the drug’s effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving over 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again.YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment,but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates.
All they need now are larger data sets.When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now,YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products,which includes a malaria(疟疾) treatment developed from the Chinese herb qinghao, the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou.
It has been a long journey,but if Cheng and his team are successful,it could create a new approach for treating cancer.They called the new approach “WE” medicine,a combination of Western medicine and Eastern medicine.“It’s a totally new model.I’ve met with a lot of doubt,but I think the results will speak for themselves,” Cheng said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了耶鲁大学教授郑永齐及其团队在开发植物抗癌药物方面所做出的贡献。
1.What did fellow researchers initially think of Cheng’s research
A.Creative. B.Comprehensive.
C.Conventional. D.Challenging.
答案　D
解析　[观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Fellow researchers and experts...too complicated and too risky.”可知,同行的研究人员和专家建议他改变方向,因为开发植物药物太复杂,风险太大。由此可知,同行的研究人员最初认为郑永齐的研究具有挑战性。]
2.Why did Liu refer to ancient Chinese texts
A.She wanted to question ancient treatment methods.
B.She desired to find inspiration for treating diseases.
C.She tried to document the history of Chinese herbs.
D.She determined to find a cure for stomach illnesses.
答案　B
解析　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher...seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.”可知,郑永齐所在的耶鲁大学实验室的博士后研究员刘淑惠花了很长时间在耶鲁大学图书馆翻阅中国古代文献,寻找中草药的特性。由此可推测,刘淑惠翻阅中国古代文献是为了寻找治疗疾病的灵感。]
3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.The steps of the drug testing.
B.The application of YIV-906.
C.The effects of the clinical trial.
D.The effectiveness of YIV-906.
答案　D
解析　[段落大意题。根据第三段中的“testing of the drug’s effectiveness”和“YIV-906 not only reduced...and longer survival rates.”可知,该段主要说明了药物试验的结果,证明了YIV-906的效果,故选D。A项“药物测试的步骤”;B项“YIV-906的应用”;C项“临床试验的效果”;D项“YIV-906的有效性”。]
4.Why does the author mention Chinese herb qinghao
A.To illustrate the value of botanical drugs.
B.To advocate the adoption of “WE” medicine.
C.To praise Tu’s contributions to drug development.
D.To highlight its success in medicine development.
答案　A
解析　[写作目的题。根据倒数第二段中的“YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products”可知,作者提到中草药青蒿是为了说明植物药物的价值。]
(2026·石家庄高三教学质量检测)
Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson was surprised.When he came to New York to study photography five years ago,he found a large collection of images of life in Africa in the city’s libraries and museums.Here he was thousands of miles from Ghana,surrounded by more visual history of Africa than he had ever seen back home.
That inspired him to create a library of photobooks in Ghana to bring the African story home,allowing people to learn about their history and give them tools to tell new stories of the continent.It has been realized with the creation of the Dikan Center in Accra,Ghana’s capital.Dikan means“take the lead”in the Akan language.
This isn’t the only time Ninson set his sights on a seemingly impossible dream.Photography isn’t exactly valued as a career path in Ghana.Ninson says,“If you tell your parents you’re going to be a photographer,it was like,‘What Go be a lawyer.’”But Ninson felt photography was his calling.He was deeply influenced by the rich family history of storytelling passed down through his grandparents and later,attracted by a friend’s images,developed a love of photography.It felt natural to combine the two,so he dove in.With great determination,he managed to collect more than 30,000 volumes.In December 2022,the Dikan Center opened.
Ghanaian Daniella Afful was particularly moved by Dikan’s exhibition,and said it gave her a new viewpoint on her country’s past and present.She said,“Dikan has made art and photography more significant.It has given us the hope that we may soon have a music library in Ghana.We could have a film library in Ghana—anything just to preserve our history and make history.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了加纳摄影记者Paul Ninson在纽约发现大量关于非洲生活的影像资料,受此启发,他在加纳首都创建迪坎中心,收藏摄影图书,让人们了解非洲历史。
5.What surprised Paul Ninson in New York
A.Many pictures about Africa.
B.Historical photography exhibits.
C.Video materials about Ghana.
D.Photography training courses.
答案　A
解析　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson...the city’s libraries and museums.”可知,他在纽约的图书馆和博物馆里发现了大量关于非洲生活的图片,这让他感到惊讶。故选A。]
6.Why did Ninson create the Dikan Center in Ghana
A.To spread African culture globally.
B.To improve people’s living conditions.
C.To offer Africans insights into their roots.
D.To develop the photobook market in Ghana.
答案　C
解析　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That inspired him to create...the creation of the Dikan Center”可知,Ninson创建迪坎中心是为了把非洲的故事带回家,让非洲人了解自己的历史,也就是为了让非洲人了解他们的根源。故选C。]
7.Why did Ninson choose to tell stories with photographs
A.It was quite popular in Ghana.
B.His parents encouraged him to do so.
C.He was influenced by his family and friend.
D.He used to study photography in New York.
答案　C
解析　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He was deeply influenced by...combine the two,so he dove in.”可知,他受祖父母传承下来的家族讲故事传统的影响,后来又被朋友的图片吸引而爱上摄影,他觉得把两者结合起来很自然,所以他受到了家人和朋友的影响而选择用照片讲故事。故选C。]
8.What does Daniella Afful think of Dikan’s exhibition
A.Challenging. B.Entertaining.
C.Astonishing. D.Inspiring.
答案　D
解析　[观点态度题。根据最后一段内容,尤其是其中的“it gave her a new viewpoint on her country’s past and present”“It has given us the hope”可知,Daniella Afful认为迪坎中心的展览让她对国家的过去和现在有了新的视角,并且给了他们希望,所以她觉得展览是鼓舞人心的。故选D。]
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2026·沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测)
Ruqaia,40,is from a rural community in Egypt,where education is not considered “fit” for women and girls.Ruqaia saw many 　1　 in her society—early marriage,unsafety and lack of freedom of speech for women.
She was at a loss as to what to do with her future 　2　,until one day she was presented with a virtual learning programme,which 　3　 many subjects,including reading,writing and more.She viewed the 　4　 in the programme as a key to establishing future profession,so she 　5　 the opportunity to take part in it.
However,the decision was not made 　6　.Her family did not support her decision to pursue her education.She made every effort to 　7　 how serious she was.She tried talking sense into them by promising to do everything that is 　8　 for family traditions,but not to do anything that is inappropriate.Eventually,her family had to 　9　 her decision.
Ruqaia always obeyed her family traditions.She 　10　 her family in the process and never tried to hide anything from them.If her family understood Ruqaia’s 　11　,there was more chance that they would understand the advantages of what she was doing.
Ruqaia’s hard work paid off.She was the only student from her class to finish the programme and go on to 　12　 in Cairo University,where she studied media and communications.
After graduation,she did her best to give back to society such as opening a school with a focus on 　13　 or helping them to find 　14　 jobs in her community.
Ruqaia’s story urged the local community to 　15　 the importance of education on women’s and girls’ career planning.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了埃及的一位女性 Ruqaia在支持女性接受教育方面付出的种种努力。
1.A.demands B.elements
C.injustices D.functions
答案　C
解析　[根据下文破折号后的解释“early marriage,unsafety and lack of freedom of speech for women”可知,这里说的是Ruqaia在她所在的社会中看到的不公平现象。injustices“不公平,不公正的行为”符合题意。demand“要求”;element“要素”;function “功能,职能”。]
2.A.marriage B.security
C.wealth D.occupation
答案　D
解析　[根据下文中的“to establishing future profession(建立未来职业)”可知,这里指的是她对自己未来的职业感到迷茫。occupation“工作,职业”符合语境。marriage“婚姻”;security“安全”;wealth“财富”。]
3.A.composed B.comprised
C.lacked D.limited
答案　B
解析　[分析空处前后内容之间的逻辑关系可知,这个虚拟学习项目包括(comprised)很多课程。compose“组成,构成”;lack “缺少”;limit“限制”。]
4.A.evaluation B.identification
C.competition D.participation
答案　D
解析　[根据下文的“take part in(参加)”可知,她将参与该项目视为建立未来职业的关键。participation“参与”符合题意。evaluation“评估”;identification“识别”;competition“竞争”。]
5.A.jumped at B.turned down
C.missed out D.looked for
答案　A
解析　[根据上文可知,Ruqaia欣然接受这次机会参加这个项目。jump at sth“迫不及待地接受,欣然接受(机会、建议等)”符合题意。turn down“拒绝”;miss out“遗漏,漏掉,没把……包括在内”;look for“寻找”。]
6.A.lightly B.individually
C.seriously D.cautiously
答案　A
解析　[根据下文可知,她的家人不支持她继续接受教育的决定,她努力说服家人。所以这个决定不是轻率地(lightly)做出的。individually“分别地,各自地”;seriously“严肃地”;cautiously“谨慎地,慎重地”。]
7.A.deny B.admit
C.complain D.demonstrate
答案　D
解析　[根据上下文可知,Ruqaia为了说服家人,尽了一切努力来证明(demonstrate)她很认真。deny“否认”;admit“承认”;complain“抱怨”。]
8.A.proper B.expensive
C.complex D.conventional
答案　A
解析　[talk sense into sb 表示“让某人明白过来”。由后文的“but”可知,空处与inappropriate“不合适的”相反。此处是说她承诺做一切符合家庭传统的事情,不做任何不合适的事情,试图通过这种方式让他们明白过来。proper“合适的”符合题意。expensive“昂贵的”;complex“复杂的”;conventional“传统的,习惯的”。]
9.A.reject B.respect
C.oppose D.clarify
答案　B
解析　[根据上文提到的 Ruqaia所做的努力及空前的“Eventually”可推测,最终她的家人不得不尊重(respect)她的决定。reject“拒绝接受,不予考虑”;oppose“反对(计划、政策等),抵制,阻挠”;clarify“澄清,讲清楚,阐明”。]
10.A.involved B.protected
C.threatened D.cheated
答案　A
解析　[根据设空所在句中的“and never tried to hide anything from them”可知,她让家人参与了这个过程,并且从未试图向他们隐瞒任何事情。involve“使参加,使参与”符合题意。protect “保护”;threaten“威胁”;cheat“欺骗”。]
11.A.profile B.motive
C.routine D.habit
答案　B
解析　[If引导条件状语从句,空后提到他们就更有可能理解她所做的事情的益处,所以此处是说如果她的家人理解 Ruqaia 的动机(motive)。profile“简介”;routine“惯例”;habit“习惯”。]
12.A.teach B.consume
C.register D.invest
答案　C
解析　[根据下文“where she studied media and communications”可知,Ruqaia继续在开罗大学注册上学。register“注册”符合题意。teach“教授”;consume“消耗”;invest“投资”。]
13.A.males B.females
C.seniors D.adults
答案　B
解析　[根据最后一段中的“the importance of education on women’s and girls’ career planning”可知,Ruqaia毕业后,尽最大努力回馈社会,例如开设一所关注女性(females)的学校。]
14.A.back-breaking B.time-consuming
C.shameless D.decent
答案　D
解析　[上文介绍的是Ruqaia毕业后回馈社会,开设了一所关注女性的学校,帮助她们在社区找工作,所以应该是找“体面的”工作,故decent符合语境。back-breaking“艰苦繁重的,累人的”;time-consuming“耗费时间的”;shameless“无耻的”。]
15.A.ignore B.maintain
C.acknowledge D.restore
答案　C
解析　[根据上文可知,Ruqaia说服家人支持自己参加虚拟学习项目,继续上大学,最后帮助女性接受教育以回馈社会。所以她的故事敦促当地社区承认(acknowledge)教育在成年女性和女孩职业规划方面的重要性。ignore“忽视,不理睬”;maintain“保持,维持”;restore“恢复”。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2026·沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测)
Lu Qi,noted as chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and director of the Institute of Great Green Wall,1.　　　　　　 (announce) to be entitled the Champions of the Earth last month.
Highly praised 2.　　　　　　 his contributions to global desertification control,Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title,3.　　　　　　 achievements have shown through practice that by combining science and policy,humanity can address land degradation issues.
Almost 40 percent of the world’s land is already degraded,desertification is on the rise and destructive 4.　　　　　　 (drought) are becoming more regular.The good news is that solutions already exist today,and across 5.　　　　　　 globe,extraordinary individuals and organizations are showing that it is 6.　　　　　　 (whole)possible to defend and heal the planet.
Lu has led over 50 desertification control-related research projects,7.　　　　　　 (assist) China in carrying out the relevant policies and providing expertise to international organizations at the forefront of global desertification action.
Lu’s receiving the honor can remind the younger generations as long as they remember their mission and keep innovating,they will definitely gain 8.　　　　　　 (recognize) from society and that the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased,and the duty has grown 9.　　　　　　 (heavy).
Lu’s team is devoted to sharing the successful experience and models of the ecological projects.There already are cooperation centers and research centers,as well as forums for cooperation,all 10.　　　　　　 (design)to spread China’s wisdom and experience worldwide.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国林业科学研究院首席科学家卢琦被授予“地球卫士奖”称号,因对全球荒漠化控制所做出的贡献而受到高度赞扬。
答案1.was announced　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子的主干为“Lu Qi 　　　　(announce) to be entitled the Champions of the Earth”,其中Lu Qi是主语,空处作谓语,与主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据last month可知,句子应用一般过去时。主语是第三人称单数,故填was announced。句中的noted是非谓语动词,“noted...Great Green Wall”相当于省略了关系代词和be动词的非限制性定语从句。句意:中国林业科学研究院首席科学家兼绿色长城研究所所长卢琦于上月被宣布获得“地球卫士奖”称号。]
2.for　[考查介词。根据空后的“his contributions to global desertification control”可知,此处是说“卢琦因其在全球荒漠化控制方面的贡献而受到高度赞扬”。be praised for 表示“因……被表扬”。故填for。]
3.whose　[考查定语从句。句子的主干是“Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title”,所以空后的have shown应是从句的谓语动词;空处修饰名词achievements,引导定语从句,指的应是卢琦的成就。故填whose。句意:卢琦因其对全球荒漠化防治的贡献而受到高度赞扬,成为首位获此殊荣的中国人。他的成就通过实践表明,通过结合科学与政策,人类可以解决土地退化问题。]
4.droughts　[考查名词的单复数。drought表示“旱灾”,是可数名词。根据空后的are可知,空处应填名词复数droughts。句意:世界上近40%的土地已经退化,荒漠化正在加剧,具有破坏性的干旱变得更加频繁。]
5.the　[考查冠词。across the globe表示“在全球范围内”,故填定冠词the。]
6.wholly　[考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词 possible,应用副词wholly,表示“完全,整体上”。句意:好消息是,如今已有解决方案,而且在全球范围内,杰出个人和组织正在表明保卫和修复地球是完全有可能的。]
7.assisting　[考查非谓语动词。空前内容为句子主干,其中的has led是谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词,与主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式assisting。句意:卢琦领导了50多个与荒漠化控制相关的研究项目,协助中国执行相关政策,并为处于全球荒漠化行动前沿的国际组织提供专业知识。]
8.recognition　[考查词性转换。空处作动词gain的宾语,应用名词形式;recognize的名词形式为recognition,在此处表示“赞誉”,为不可数名词。故填recognition。句意:卢琦的获奖提醒年轻一代,只要牢记使命并坚持创新,就一定会获得社会的赞誉,同时他们肩上的责任更多更重了。]
9.heavier　[考查形容词比较级。上文提到“the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased(他们肩上的责任增加了)”,故此处是说“责任更重了”,应用形容词的比较级,故填 heavier。]
10.designed　[考查非谓语动词。句子的主干为there be句型“There already are cooperation centers and research centers,as well as forums for cooperation”。空前的all指的是句子中的“cooperation centers and research centers,as well as forums for cooperation”,与动词design之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用动词的过去分词。故填designed。句意:目前已有合作中心和研究中心,以及合作论坛,所有这些都旨在将中国的智慧和经验传播到全球。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.2:launch v.开展;发起　postdoctoral adj.博士后的
B Para.1:photojournalist n.摄影记者　visual adj.视觉的;看得见的　Para.3:calling n.使命感;职业
核心短语 A Para.1:let...go放弃,摒弃(想法);放开;释放　Para.2:leaf through翻阅 Para.5:an approach for doing sth做某事的方法
B Para.1:a large collection of大量的,大批的　Para.2:take the lead带头,树立榜样;开始领先　Para.3:set one’s sights on (doing) sth以……为奋斗目标,决心做到　dive in热切地开始,全身心投入,潜心钻研
熟词生义 A side(Para.3)常用义:n.一旁,侧边;方面;身旁,身边　文章义:adj.附带的 例句:Side effects include nausea,tiredness,and dizziness.副作用包括呕吐、疲倦和头晕。
难句分析 A , YIV-906 may which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou.(Para.4) 定语从句,先行词为qinghao 译文:大约三年后,当国际试验的结果公布时,YIV-906可能会跻身由天然产物研发出的众多突破性药物的行列,其中包括从中草药青蒿中提取的一种治疗疟疾的药物,该药物的发现使化学家屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖。
语法填空 ,Lu became the first Chinese , .(Para.2) 译文:卢因其在防治全球荒漠化方面的贡献而备受赞誉,成为首位获此殊荣的中国人,其成就通过实践表明,科学与政策相结合,人类能够解决土地退化问题。(共177张PPT)
UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
选择性必修第一册
主题语境:对社会有突出贡献的人物
词句识记 体系构建
内
容
索
引
默写检测 盘点验收
核心突破 锤炼提升
能力考查 素养达标
读写培优 教考协同
课时作业
词句识记 体系构建
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.physiology n.　　　 生理学;生理机能
2.artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素
3.malaria n. 疟疾
4.extract n. 提取物;摘录
vt. 提取;提炼;摘录;(用力)拔出
5.wormwood n. 蒿;洋艾
6.substance n. 物质;物品;事实根据
7.penicillin n. 青霉素;盘尼西林
8.relativity n. 相对论;相对性
9.formula n. 公式;方程式;配方
10.patent n. 专利;专利证书;获得专利
adj. 有专利的;受专利保护的
11.doctorate n. 博士学位
12.photoelectric adj. 光电的
13.institution n. 社会公共机构;制度;习俗
14.institute n. (教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
15.moustache n. 上唇的胡子;髭
16.peculiarity n. 个性;特点;怪异的性质
Ⅱ.核心单词
4.liquid n. 液体
adj. 液体的;液态的
5.obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得;赢得
vi. (规章、习俗等)存在;流行
6.defeat n. 失败;挫败
vt. 击败;战胜
7.insist vi.& vt. 坚持;坚决要求
8.mostly adv. 主要地;一般地
9.flee vi.& vt.(fled,fled) 迅速离开;逃跑
10.flow n. 流;流动;流畅;供应
vi. 流;流动
11.chart n. 图表
vt. 记录;制订计划
12.numerous adj. 众多的;许多的
13.theory n. 理论;学说
14.genius n.(pl.geniuses) 天才;天资;天赋
15.extraordinary adj. 不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的
[敲黑板]extraordinary是由extra+ordinary构成的合成词。
16.encounter vt. 偶然碰到;遇到
n. 解逅;遭遇
17.mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼;忧伤
18.remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的
Ⅲ.多义单词
1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
①a vital lesson 一堂极其重要的课程
②a vital skill 必不可少的技能
③a vital environment 充满生机的环境
2.property n.性质;特征;财产
①physical properties 物理性质
②personal property 个人财产
3.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况
①favorable circumstances 有利的条件
②learning circumstances 学习环境
③emergency circumstances 紧急状况
4.device n.方法;技巧;装置;仪器
①a study device 学习方法
②a time management device 时间管理技巧
③an electronic device 电子装置
④a measuring device 测量仪器
5.draft n.草稿;草案vt.起草;草拟
①a rough draft 草稿
②draft an essay 草拟论文
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.commit vt. 承诺;保证;花(钱或时间)
vi. 忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
commitment n. 投入;奉献;承诺
2.academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校
academic adj. 学业的;学术的
3.botanical adj. 植物学的
botany n. 植物学
4.evaluate vt. 评价;评估
evaluation n. 评价;评估
5.distinct adj. 清晰的;清楚的;有区别的
distinction n. 区别;差别
acknowledgement n. 承认,确认;感谢;收件复函
7.analyse (NAmE-ze) vt. 分析
analysis (pl.analyses) n. 分析
8.apparently adv. 显而易见;看来;显然
apparent adj. 明显的,显而易见的
9.scientific adj. 科学(上)的;关于科学的
science n. 科学
scientist n. 科学家
10.conclusion n. 结论;推论
conclude vt. 断定;推断出
vt.& vi. (使)结束,终止
11.novel n. (长篇)小说
adj. 新颖的;珍奇的
novelist n. 小说家
12.found vt. 创建;建立;把……建立在
founder n. 创建者;创始人
foundation n. 创建;基金会
13.infer vt. 推断;推定
inference n. 推理,推论
14.politician n. 从政者;政治家;政客
politics n. 政治(学)
political adj. 政治的
15.gentle adj. 温柔的;文静的
gently adv. 温柔地;温和地
gentleman n. 绅士;阁下;有教养的人
16.passion n. 酷爱;激情
passionate adj. 有激情的
17.gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地
gradual adj. 逐渐的,渐增的
18.consequence n. 结果;后果
consequent adj. 随之发生的;作为结果的
consequently adv. 结果;因此;所以
19.professor n. 教授
profession n. 职业,行业
professional adj. 职业的;专业的
n. 专业人士
20.sum vt. 总结;概括
n. 金额;款项;总数;总和
summary n. 归纳,总结
Ⅴ.短语词块
(一)核心短语
1.lead to 导致
2.with the objective of 以……为目的
3.insist on 坚决要求
4.wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗
5.commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)
承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
6.come to power (开始)掌权;上台
7.take up a position 担任;任职
8.sum up 总结;概括
(二)主题词块
1.a committed and patient scientist 一位坚定且有耐心的科学家
2.get stuck 进入僵局;遇到困难
3.spread Chinese medicine around the world 把中医传播到世界各地
4.flow chart 流程图
5.out of a strong passion for knowledge 出于对知识的强烈热爱
6.be recorded as a miracle year 被记载为奇迹之年
7.be mistaken for 被误认为是
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.(be thought to)
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分,被认为仅在非洲每年就能挽救10万人的性命。
2.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.(insist on doing...)
屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药,以确保药物的安全性。
3.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”(upon/on doing...)
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
4.It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.(it作形式主语)
中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播,这确实是一种荣誉。
5.He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.(独立主格)
他为世界作出了许多贡献,最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀-sion/-ssion表示性质或行为等
de→sion conclude→conclusion结论　decide→decision决定
explode→explosion爆炸 divide→division分配;分割
d→sion expand→expansion扩张;增加　extend→extension延伸
t→ssion admit→admission准许加入　permit→permission允许
submit→submission提交;屈服
默写检测 盘点验收
Ⅰ.阅读单词
生理学;生理机能
物质;物品;事实根据
专利;专利证书;获得专利
有专利的;受专利保护的
博士学位
社会公共机构;制度;习俗
Step One　写一写
1.physiology n. ______________________
2.substance n. ______________________
3.patent n. ______________________
adj. ______________________
4.doctorate n. ______________________
5.institution n. ______________________
6.institute n. __________________________
7.moustache n. __________________________
8.peculiarity n. __________________________
(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
上唇的胡子;髭
个性;特点;怪异的性质
Ⅱ.核心单词
vital
obtain
defeat
insist
mostly
flee
1.____________ adj.必不可少的;极其重要的; 充满生机的
2.____________ vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行
3.____________ n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜
4.____________ vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
5.____________ adv.主要地;一般地
6.____________ vi.& vt.(________,__________)迅速离开;逃跑
fled
fled
7.____________ n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
8.____________ adj.众多的;许多的
9.____________ n.理论;学说
10.____________ adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的
11.____________ vt.偶然碰到;遇到 n.邂逅;遭遇
12.____________ vt.& vi.哀悼;忧伤
13.____________ adj.非凡的;显著的
circumstance
numerous
theory
extraordinary
encounter
mourn
remarkable
Ⅲ.派生单词
commit
committed
commitment
botany
botanical
1.____________ vt.承诺;保证;花(钱或时间) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→
____________ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→
____________ n.投入;奉献;承诺
2.____________ n.植物学→
____________ adj.植物学的
3.____________ vt.评价;评估→
____________ n.评价;评估
4.____________ adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→
____________ n.区别;差别
5.____________ adj.明显的,显而易见的→
____________ adv.显而易见;看来;显然
6.____________ n.科学→
____________ n.科学家→
____________ adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的
evaluate
evaluation
distinct
distinction
apparent
apparently
science
scientist
scientific
7.____________ vt.断定;推断出→
____________ n.结论;推论
8.____________ n.(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的;珍奇的→
____________ n.小说家
9.____________ vt.推断;推定→
____________ n.推理,推论
conclude
conclusion
novel
novelist
infer
inference
10.____________ vt.创建;建立;把……建立在→
____________ n.创建者;创始人→
____________ n.创建;基金会
11.____________ adj.逐渐的,渐增的→
____________ adv.逐渐地;逐步地
12.____________ adj.温柔的;文静的→
____________ adv.温柔地;温和地→
____________ n.绅士;阁下;有教养的人
found
founder
foundation
gradual
gradually
gentle
gently
gentleman
13.____________ n.酷爱;激情→
____________ adj.有激情的
14.____________ adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→
____________ adv.结果;因此;所以→
____________ n.结果;后果
15.____________ vt.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和→
____________ n.归纳,总结
passion
passionate
consequent
consequently
consequence
sum
summary
Ⅳ.重点短语
insist on
commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)
come to power
sum up
导致
(正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗
以……为目的
担任;任职
1.________________坚决要求
2.__________________________________承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
3.________________(开始)掌权;上台
4.________________总结;概括
5.lead to ________________________
6.wear and tear ________________________
7.with the objective of ________________________
8.take up a position ________________________
Ⅴ.教材佳句默写
1.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and ______________________________________________a year in Africa alone. (be thought to)
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分,被认为仅在非洲每年就能挽救10万人的性命。
is thought to save 100,000 lives
2.________________________________________ the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”(upon/on doing...)
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
3.____________________________ for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.(it作形式主语)
中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播,这确实是一种荣誉。
Upon hearing that she had been awarded
It is indeed an honour
Ⅰ.单词拼写
obtained
Step Two　练一练
1.We have ____________(获得) permission from the directors to use some of our funds.
2.Chaplin,an ____________(非凡的) silent movie performer,starred in many outstanding comedies.
3.Every day of our lives we ____________(遇到) major or minor stresses of one kind or another.
extraordinary
encounter
4.There is nothing we can do to help Linda,whose ____________(状况) are beyond our control.
5.Hearing the fire alarm,the frightened people f____________ in panic in all directions.
6.The Women’s Volleyball Team d____________ its opponent and won another World Champion.
circumstances
led
efeated
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
scientific
apparent;consequent;evaluate;infer;passion;science
1.The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of ____________research.
2.We didn’t have enough money to pay for our bus fares,and in ____________we had to walk.
3.Three professors were asked to make an ____________of the teaching plans designed by the new teachers.
consequence
evaluation
4.He made a ____________speech on the current situation of water shortage and appealed to all citizens to save water.
5.As is ____________shown in the chart above,there are about 10% of students supporting the idea.
6.Judging from his puzzled expression,we made ____________that he didn’t figure out what I said just now.
passionate
apparently
inferences
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空(其中有两个多余短语)
led to
come to power;commit oneself to;insist on;lead to;sum up;take up a position;wear and tear
1.A misunderstanding between the two friends ________________an argument,and they both felt upset afterward.
2.To ________________,low price,easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.
sum up
3.Jerry ________________as a salesman at a big company after graduation.
4.My friend ________________finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
5.After much thought,I ____________________ joining the school play,despite my nervousness.I knew it would be a great experience.
took up a position
insisted on
committed myself to
Ⅳ.教材佳句仿写
is thought to be very talented
in mathematics
1.The new student in our class ________________________________
___________________________. (be thought to)
我们班的新同学被认为在数学方面非常有天赋。
2.I sincerely hope your dream will come true and _________________
_________________________ when that day comes.(it作形式主语)
我真诚地希望你的梦想会实现,当那一天到来时,带你参观北京是我的荣幸。
it’s my honour to
show you around Beijing
3.________________________________,they received praise and flowers.(upon/on doing...)
他们一回国就收到了赞誉和鲜花。
Upon/On returning to the country
Ⅴ.单元知识串记
defeated
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
Madam Curie 1.____________ (defeat) many challenges and managed to discover two kinds of radioactive elements.In 1891,she was admitted into the University of Paris,where she achieved great academic performances and 2.__________________ a consequence,
as
she became the first woman professor.Under unbearable 3.____________ (circumstance),she and her husband spared no effort to analyze and evaluate pitchblende (沥青铀矿) with the objective of 4.____________ (extract) radioactive substances and studying their properties.Using flow charts and 5.____________ (sum) up what they had studied,the couple drew a conclusion that Po and Ra did exist.
circumstances
extracting
summing
Passage 2
1.____________ (apparent),everyone knows the geniuses and politicians who have helped to change the face of the world in recent years.From Steve Jobs,who worked with extraordinary passion and consequently 2.____________ (obtain) great success in technological renovation,to Song Qingling who 3.________________ (commit) to improving the welfare of women and children,few would not recognise their names.However,numerous people who work tirelessly behind the scenes often go unnoticed,despite their remarkable achievements.Yet it is vital 4.________________ they all deserve to have their contributions 5.____________ (acknowledge).
Apparently
obtained
was committed
that
acknowledged
核心突破 锤炼提升
No.1 夯实写作高频词汇
No.2 破解阅读障碍词汇
No.3 练透写作常用句式
1.commit vt.承诺;保证;花(钱或时间) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)(committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 commitment n.投入;奉献;承诺)
佳句背诵　
I suggest you commit an hour a day to reading English,which can gradually improve your oral English.(建议信)
我建议每天花一个小时读英语,这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。
No.1　夯实写作高频词汇
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①He was so selfless that he was committed to ____________(do) voluntary work to help people in need all the time.
②Emily ____________________________________________________ how to play the piano,practicing every day for an hour.Despite finding it challenging at first,she gradually improved.
艾米丽承诺学习弹钢琴,每天练习一个小时。尽管起初觉得很有挑战性,但她逐渐进步了。
doing
committed herself to learning/learn
用法归纳
·commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)
承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit sth to (doing) sth 将时间或金钱花在(做)某事上
commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
·be committed to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
·make a commitment 作出承诺
commitment to sb/(doing) sth/do sth 对……的承诺
教考衔接　单句写作
③The rise of new energy vehicles _____________________________
______________________________and reducing carbon emissions.(发言稿;2024·全国甲卷)
新能源汽车的兴起体现了中国对可持续发展和降低碳排放的承诺。
reflects China’s commitment
to sustainable development
2.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;(微笑、挥手等)致意(acknowledgement n.承认,确认;感谢;收件复函)
佳句背诵　
I acknowledged that I had been wrong,and he listened quietly.After a long pause,he sighed and accepted my apology.(心理描写;2025·全国一卷)
我承认自己错了,他静静地听着,沉默良久后,他叹了口气,接受了我的道歉。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Tom acknowledged _______________________________________
(defeat) in the English speech competition,which made us quite depressed.
②_________________________________________________________ the film is not only instructive but also full of passion.(现象介绍)
大家普遍认为这部电影不仅具有指导意义,而且充满激情。
being defeated/having been defeated
It is universally/widely acknowledged that
用法归纳
acknowledge sb/sth as/to be...　
认为某人/某物是……;承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
acknowledge that...　 承认……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that...
……是大家公认的;大家普遍认为……
教考衔接　单句写作
③Confucius ________________________________________________
________________ in China,who deeply influenced China throughout the history.(人物介绍;2023·全国甲卷)
孔子被认为是中国最伟大的古代教育家之一,他在整个历史进程中深深地影响了中国。
is acknowledged as/to be one of the greatest ancient
educators
3.insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
佳句背诵　
She insisted on persuading me until I promised to give up this thought.(动作描写)
她坚持要说服我,直到我答应放弃这个想法。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Jack insisted that he ________________(complete) his homework before going out to play.
②_________________________________________________________
for at least an hour every day,even when there is no upcoming match.
教练坚决要求每个球员每天都应该至少练习一个小时,即使没有即将到来的比赛。
had completed
The coach insists that every player (should) practice
用法归纳
insist on (doing) sth　坚决要求/坚持(做)某事
insist作“坚决要求”讲时,后接宾语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,形式为“should+动词原形”,should可省略;作“坚持认为”讲时,从句用陈述语气,根据需要选择相应的时态。
教考衔接　单句写作
③Since I was touched by his generosity,_________________________
_________________ as my appreciation. (人物描写;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
由于被他慷慨的行为所感动,我坚持要至少请他吃顿午饭以示感谢。
I insisted that I at least
buy him lunch
片段巩固
用commit;acknowledge;insist完成努力学习英语的续写片段
写作提示:我致力于提高英语→老师认为我是勤奋的学生→表扬我的进步→我坚持每天练习→相信努力会有回报
I am committed to improving my English.My teacher acknowledges me to be a diligent student and often praises my progress. I insist on practicing every day,believing that consistent effort will pay off.
4.conclusion n.结论;推论[conclude vt.断定;推断出vt.& vi.(使)结束,终止]
佳句背诵　
I came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands.(主旨升华)
我从我自己的经历中得出结论:用自己的双手劳动很重要。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①He concluded his speech ____________a famous saying “Where there is a will,there is a way”.
②After a long day of hiking, __________________________________
________________at the top of the mountain.(动作描写)
经过一天的徒步旅行后,我们在山顶拍了一张集体照,结束了我们的旅行。
with
we concluded our trip by taking a
group photo
用法归纳
·in conclusion　　　 最后;总之
come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论
·conclude...with sth/by doing sth 以某事/做某事结束……
to conclude 总之
conclude from... 从……中得出结论
教考衔接　语段训练
③________________________________________________, China’s 75 years of progress have been remarkable.From the early years of reconstruction to the modern era of innovation,China has transformed into a global leader.(现象介绍;2024·北京卷)
总的来说,中国75年的进步是显著的。从早期的重建年代到现代的创新时代,中国已经转变为一个全球领导者。
In conclusion/To conclude
5.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况
佳句背诵　
Given the unusual circumstances of heavy rain,the school decided to postpone the outdoor event until the weather improved.(通知)
鉴于下大雨的特殊情况,学校决定将户外活动推迟到天气好转后再进行。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Even ____________the circumstances,he still spared no effort to improve himself.
②________________________________________________, I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
如果情况允许的话,我会立即采取行动实现梦想。
under/in
If circumstances permit/allow
用法归纳
under/in no circumstances　
无论如何都不,决不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然如此
if circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话
教考衔接　单句写作
③Feeling deeply embarrassed by my careless mistake,I promised myself that _________________________________________________
allow such an error to happen again.(心理描写;2021·浙江1月卷)
由于对自己的粗心错误感到非常尴尬,我向自己承诺在任何情况下都不会再让这样的错误发生。
in/under no circumstances would I
6.consequence n.结果;后果(consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的 consequently adv.结果;因此;所以)
佳句背诵　
I carelessly got the plan ruined,so I had to take the consequences.
我不小心把计划搞砸了,所以我必须承担后果。
以练促学　同义句转换/语块填空
①My grandfather was under treatment in hospital,and consequently, I have to take care of him.
→My grandfather was under treatment in hospital,and ___________________________________________________________,I have to take care of him.
②_______________________________________________(由于) his kindness,he made many friends.His ability to listen and offer support made him someone people could rely on.
as a consequence/in consequence
As/In a consequence of/As a result of
用法归纳
因此
因为……;由于……
take the consequences承担后果
教考衔接　单句语法填空
③I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the ____________________(consequent).I have a very strong fear that the lie we’re telling is doing spiritual damage to our children.(全国Ⅰ卷)
consequences
7.take up a position担任;任职
佳句背诵　
She took up a position as a marketing manager after she graduated from university.
她从大学毕业后,就任市场经理一职。
以练促学　语段训练/单句写作
①Last weekend,my brother decided to take ____________our old computer to see how it worked.He carefully took ____________the monitor.As he explained each part to me,I tried my best to take ____________the information.After a while,I took ____________and helped him put everything back together.
②After the long hike,she couldn’t wait to ________________________ and relax her tired feet,enjoying the cool breeze.(动作描写)
长途徒步后,她迫不及待地脱下泥泞的鞋子,放松疲惫的双脚,享受凉爽的微风。
apart
down
in
over
take off her muddy shoes
用法归纳
take up　　 拿起;占用,占据;开始从事;学着做;开始做;接受;继续
take apart 拆开
take down 放下;记下;拆除
take in 欺骗;吸收;理解
take off (飞机)起飞;(事业)腾飞;脱下
take on 呈现;雇用;承担
take over 接管;接替
教考衔接　语段训练
③I asked my parents to allow me to ___________________________. In the beginning,it was quite difficult to read the notes.However,it did not discourage me.(短文投稿;2023·全国乙卷)
我请求父母允许我上钢琴课。一开始,阅读音符相当困难。然而,这并没有让我气馁。
take up a piano lesson
片段巩固
用conclusion;circumstance;consequence;take up完成追求梦想的续写片段
写作提示:在任何情况下,他们都没有放弃梦想→他们接受挑战→面对困难→结果取得了成功→得出结论:毅力是成功的关键
Under no circumstances have they given up on their dreams.They have taken up challenges,faced difficulties,and,as a consequence, succeeded.From them,we draw a conclusion that perseverance is the key to success.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义
A
No.2　破解阅读障碍词汇
1.draft
A.n.草稿;草案　B.vt.起草;草拟　C.vt.选派;抽调
①She wrote the first draft of her essay,knowing she would need to revise it several times before submitting it._____
②She hoped that Tom could be drafted to run the organization._____
③He was asked to draft a letter of recommendation for his classmate,highlighting her achievements and skills._____
C
B
2.flow
A.n.流动　B.n.流畅　C.n.供应　D.vi.(液体)流动　E.vi.(大量人或物)流动　F.vi.飘拂
①There is no denying that the government encourages the flow of goods and services to remote areas._____
②Large numbers of villagers continue to flow into big cities to search for jobs._____
C
E
③We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers.(2021·北京卷)_____
④His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)_____
⑤Seconds later,our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(2021·天津3月卷)_____
⑥A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)_____
A
B
F
D
3.sum
A.vi.总结;概括　B.n.金额;款项　C.n.总和
①To sum up,there are three main ways of dealing with the present problem._____
②It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve._____
③A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library._____
A
C
B
4.take up
A.学着做,开始做　B.占据(时间、空间) 　C.拿起 　D.继续
①Sometimes,the smallest things take up the most room in your heart._____
②When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language _____
③Harry took up the tale at the point where John had left off._____
④I took up the telephone receiver only to dial a wrong number._____
B
A
D
C
5.acknowledge　vt.承认;告知收到;(公开)感谢
He wrote me a letter in which he acknowledged① having made mistakes in the past and also acknowledged② my help and support for him,and I soon acknowledged③ the receipt of it.
_______________________________________________
①vt.承认 ②vt.(公开)感谢 ③vt.告知收到
6.Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars,early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.(2021·北京卷)_____________________
7.Testing yourself with information on cards is a useful device for studying.___________
8.I agree with the substance of what you say,but differ on points of detail.___________________
adj.新颖的,与众不同的
n.方法
n.基本内容,主旨要义
写出下列黑体词的词性和含义
1.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)___________
n.覆盖范围
Ⅱ.构词法猜义
构词法 名词后缀-age表示“状态,总称”等;名词后缀-dom表示“状态,领域,范围”等;名词后缀-th表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”等
2.The continuing leakage is the result of the long crack in the pipe.___________
3.Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,loneliness,or boredom.(2024·全国甲卷)___________
4.The width of the river was impressive,and we decided to cross it by boat.___________
5.The length of the hike was longer than we expected,but the beautiful scenery made it worth the effort.___________
n.泄漏
n.厌倦;厌烦
n.宽度
n.长度
1.句型公式:“upon/on doing...” 意为“一……就……”
课本原句:Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...”　当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
佳句背诵　
On arriving at the new school,he felt nervous but was quickly welcomed by his classmates who showed him around.(心理+动作描写)
当他到达新学校时他感到紧张,但很快就受到了同学们的欢迎,并带他四处参观。
No.3　练透写作常用句式
以练促学　一句多译
①我的头一从大南瓜里拔出来,我就松了一口气。
→________________________________________________,I sighed in relief. (as soon as)
→_________________________________________________________
____________, I sighed in relief.(名词短语作连词)
→_________________________________________________________
______________, I sighed in relief.(副词作连词)
As soon as my head was pulled out of the huge pumpkin
The instant/moment/minute my head was pulled out of the huge
pumpkin
Immediately/Instantly/Directly my head was pulled out of the huge
pumpkin
用法归纳
(1)“upon/on+doing/n.”构成介词短语,用作时间状语,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生,依据语境可译作“当……时;一……就……;在……的时候”。
(2)其他表示“一……就……”的连词/句式有:
·as soon as+句子
·由名词短语构成的连词:the instant/moment/minute+句子
·由副词作连词:instantly/immediately/directly+句子
教考衔接　单句写作
②________________________________________________, everyone just rushed forward;only a small thin body was staggering behind.(动作描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
一听到比赛的枪声,大家就都向前冲去,只有一个瘦小的身体摇摇晃晃地跟在后面。
Upon/On hearing the shot of the race
2.句型公式:it作形式主语
课本原句:It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播,这确实是一种荣誉。
佳句背诵　
It is important for us to manage time wisely to balance schoolwork and activities.(建议信)
对我们来说,明智地管理时间以平衡学业和活动是很重要的。
以练促学　同义句转换
①People generally believe that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.
→_______________________________________________IT has both advantages and disadvantages.(it作形式主语)
②I’m more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family.It is necessary for you to know about the table manners of China.
→I’m more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family._______________________________________________________
___________________________________________. (It be+adj.+that...)
It is generally believed that
It is necessary that you should know about the table manners
of China
用法归纳
it作形式主语的常用句式:
(1)It be+名词短语+(for sb) to do sth
(2)It be+形容词+(of/for sb) to do sth
(3)It be+过去分词(said、thought、believed、supposed、reported...)+that从句
(4)It be+形容词(strange、important、vital、obvious、possible...)+that从句
(5)It be+名词短语(a pity、a shame、a fact、a good idea、no wonder...)+that从句
教考衔接　单句写作
③As high school students,_____________________________________
_____________________,which are the lungs of our planet.(短文投稿;2022·全国甲卷)
作为高中生,保护海洋是我们的责任,海洋是我们星球的肺。
it’s our responsibility/duty to protect
the oceans
能力考查 素养达标
维度一　单元知识运用
1.She has been committed to ____________(volunteer) at the local animal shelter every weekend,believing that her efforts make a positive difference.
2.She acknowledged _________________________(copy) her friend’s homework but explained that she did it because she had been sick and couldn’t finish her work on time.
volunteering
copying/having copied
3.Despite the cold weather,he insists on ____________(jog) every morning at 6 am,believing that this routine helps him stay healthy.
4.__________________ conclusion,teamwork is essential in any successful project.
5.She neglected her studies,and __________a consequence,she failed several of her exams.
jogging
In
as
6.He decided to take ________________photography as a new hobby,spending weekends exploring the city to capture unique and interesting scenes.
7.It is a challenging task for students ________________(finish) all their assignments on time.
8.She is thought ____________(be) one of the most talented musicians of her generation.
up
to finish
to be
9.____________ receiving the scholarship,he immediately called his parents to share the good news.
10.His work ____________(complete),he finally relaxed with a cup of tea,reflecting on the day’s accomplishments with satisfaction.
Upon/On
completed
维度二　单元知识拾遗
1.________________________________ (……是至关重要的) people of great achievement 2.________________________ (热衷) for their goals.They have 3.______________________________________ (遇到了许多挑战) but never given up.4.________________________ (总而言之),their ability to 5.__________ (分析) difficulties and overcome 6.______________ (失败) led them to 7.__________________ (获得成功).8.________________ (显然),their perseverance and determination were the key to their achievements.
It is vital that
have a passion
encountered numerous challenges
To sum up
analyse
defeats
obtain success
Apparently
维度三　单元话题写作(人物介绍——值得尊敬的人)
根据提示,用本单元主题词汇或句式完成下面的写作
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1.人物简介;2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers,parents or our elders.As for me,the person I respect most is my uncle,who 1.______________________________________________
致力于治疗病人的疾病) all his life.
is committed to curing patients of their diseases
My uncle is determined and considerate,and 2.________________
_____________________________________ (在任何情况下他都不向困难屈服;部分倒装) or give up his patients.Ever since he 3.____________________ (任职) as a doctor,he has been serving all the patients heart and soul.In his opinion,4.__________________________
____________ (帮助病人是他的职责;it作形式主语) recover from illnesses.5.________________ (一听说;on/upon...) that patients are in need of help,he will come to their assistance without hesitation.
This is my uncle whom I respect and love most.
under no
circumstances does he give in to difficulties
took up a position
it is his responsibility to
help patients
Upon/On hearing
读写培优 教考协同
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Ⅰ.语料积累——动作细节描写:眼睛(一)
Part Ⅰ　续写能力提升
词 块 1.stare out the window 凝视着窗外
2.with one’s eyes fixed/focused on a book 眼睛盯着一本书
3.gaze at the surroundings 凝视着周围的环境
4.with innocent and curious eyes 带着天真而好奇的眼神
5.one’s eyes glittering/sparkling/shining with thrill眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒
6.wipe one’s tears 擦了擦眼泪
7.lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛
词 块 8.focus one’s eyes on the ceiling 盯着天花板
9.meet sb’s eyes 接触某人的目光
10.stare into sb 凝视某人
11.fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着
12.lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛
13.tears stream down one’s cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊流下来
14.one’s eyes red from crying 眼睛哭红
15.fill with tears 充满泪水
Ⅱ.语料运用
(Ⅰ)补全句子
1.Instead,she ___________________________________________and counted backwards:“Ten,nine,eight,seven...”(stare)
然而,她凝视着窗外,倒数着:“十、九、八、七……”
2.John sat beside the window,_________________________________.
(with复合结构)
约翰坐在窗边,眼睛盯着一本书。
stared out the window
with his eyes fixed/focused on a book
3.____________________________________________, he sang happily, _________________________________________________________. (动词-ing形式短语作状语;介词短语)
他带着天真而好奇的眼神凝视着周围的环境,愉快地唱着歌。
4.When he recognised who the visitor was,John opened his mouth wide,_____________________________________________________.(独立主格)
当约翰认出来访者是谁时,他张大了嘴,眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
Gazing at the surroundings
with innocent and curious eyes
his eyes glittering/sparkling/shining with thrill
5.The desperate woman _______________, _____________________ and _____________________________.(动作链)
那个绝望的女人擦了擦眼泪,抬起眼睛盯着天花板。
wiped her tears
lifted her eyes
focused her eyes on the ceiling
(Ⅱ)补全语段
she met her best friend Lucy’s eyes
In the school play,Emma was nervous.As she stood on stage, 1.________________________________________ (她与好朋友露西的目光相遇;meet).Lucy’s supportive smile made Emma’s heart lighter. Halfway through her lines,however,Emma stumbled over a word. 2.____________________________ (她凝视着露西;stare),seeking reassurance. Seeing Lucy nod slightly,Emma took a deep breath.But
She stared into Lucy
the overwhelming sense of everyone watching caused her eyes to 3._____________________________________ (充满泪水;fill).Quickly, 4.________________________________________ (她垂下眼睛;lower) to hide her emotions.The brief moment helped;she composed herself,raised her head,and delivered the rest of her lines flawlessly,5._________________________________________________ (现在她的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒;独立主格).
fill with tears
she lowered her eyes
her eyes now glittering/sparkling/shining with thrill
(2023·全国乙卷阅读A)
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.Born to a Jewish family in Florence,she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully.In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor,she was banned from medicine.
Part Ⅱ　高考同源研探
Tan Yunxian (1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents.Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors.However,Tan passed the official exam.Tan treated women from all walks of life.In 1511,Tan wrote a book,Sayings of a Female Doctor,describing her life as a physician.
James Barry (c.1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but,dressed as a man,she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine.She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,then joined the British Army,serving overseas.Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860.Four years later,she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.She moved to Virginia in 1865,where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
真题再做
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了历史上四位女医生的非凡经历。
21.What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A.Doing teaching jobs. B.Being hired as physicians.
C.Performing surgery. D.Being banned from medicine.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania中的“she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery”和James Barry中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813”可知,这两个人的共同之处就是她们都做手术,故选C项。
22.How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A.She wrote a book. B.She went through trials.
C.She worked as a dentist. D.She had formal education.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian部分的介绍可知,谈允贤从小跟着爷爷奶奶学医,并通过了官方的考试,一生中为各行各业的女性诊疗。她还写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书,记录了自己的女医生涯。其他三个医生的介绍中均并未提到写书,因此选A项。
23.Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A.Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B.Tan Yunxian.
C.James Barry. D.Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler中的“she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree”可知,Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国人,因此答案为D项。
Step 1　理清行文脉络
1322
《女医杂言》
1813
为解放了的奴隶
Step 2　猜测障碍词汇(熟词生义/构词法)
1.Barry retired in 1859,having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man._______________________________
2.In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully.___________
3.She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,then joined the British Army,serving overseas.______________________
v.从事(医务工作、法律专业等),执业
adv.非法地
v.取得资格adv.在海外
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2026·南京、盐城市高三第一学期调研测试)
More than 20 years ago,Yung-Chi Cheng,a Yale professor in drug development for cancer,had a pioneering idea:what if he could unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines for treating cancer What if he could design botanical drugs that would make traditional cancer treatments work better No one had done it before.Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course,because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.But Cheng didn’t let the idea go.
Now,in a landmark moment for cancer research,Cheng and research partners are launching the first international clinical trial for a botanical drug,YIV-906.Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng’s Yale lab,spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale’s library,seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang,a 1,800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses,based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice.
What followed were years of additional testing of the drug’s effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving over 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again.YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment,but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates.
All they need now are larger data sets.When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now,YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products,which includes a malaria(疟疾) treatment developed from the Chinese herb qinghao, the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou.
It has been a long journey,but if Cheng and his team are successful,it could create a new approach for treating cancer.They called the new approach “WE” medicine,a combination of Western medicine and Eastern medicine.“It’s a totally new model.I’ve met with a lot of doubt,but I think the results will speak for themselves,” Cheng said.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了耶鲁大学教授郑永齐及其团队在开发植物抗癌药物方面所做出的贡献。
1.What did fellow researchers initially think of Cheng’s research
A.Creative. B.Comprehensive.
C.Conventional. D.Challenging.
√
解析　观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Fellow researchers and experts...too complicated and too risky.”可知,同行的研究人员和专家建议他改变方向,因为开发植物药物太复杂,风险太大。由此可知,同行的研究人员最初认为郑永齐的研究具有挑战性。
2.Why did Liu refer to ancient Chinese texts
A.She wanted to question ancient treatment methods.
B.She desired to find inspiration for treating diseases.
C.She tried to document the history of Chinese herbs.
D.She determined to find a cure for stomach illnesses.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher...seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.”可知,郑永齐所在的耶鲁大学实验室的博士后研究员刘淑惠花了很长时间在耶鲁大学图书馆翻阅中国古代文献,寻找中草药的特性。由此可推测,刘淑惠翻阅中国古代文献是为了寻找治疗疾病的灵感。
3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.The steps of the drug testing. B.The application of YIV-906.
C.The effects of the clinical trial. D.The effectiveness of YIV-906.
√
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“testing of the drug’s effectiveness”和“YIV-906 not only reduced...and longer survival rates.”可知,该段主要说明了药物试验的结果,证明了YIV-906的效果,故选D。A项“药物测试的步骤”;B项“YIV-906的应用”;C项“临床试验的效果”;D项“YIV-906的有效性”。
4.Why does the author mention Chinese herb qinghao
A.To illustrate the value of botanical drugs.
B.To advocate the adoption of “WE” medicine.
C.To praise Tu’s contributions to drug development.
D.To highlight its success in medicine development.
√
解析　写作目的题。根据倒数第二段中的“YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products”可知,作者提到中草药青蒿是为了说明植物药物的价值。
(2026·石家庄高三教学质量检测)
Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson was surprised.When he came to New York to study photography five years ago,he found a large collection of images of life in Africa in the city’s libraries and museums.Here he was thousands of miles from Ghana,surrounded by more visual history of Africa than he had ever seen back home.
That inspired him to create a library of photobooks in Ghana to bring the African story home,allowing people to learn about their history and give them tools to tell new stories of the continent.It has been realized with the creation of the Dikan Center in Accra,Ghana’s capital.Dikan means“take the lead”in the Akan language.
This isn’t the only time Ninson set his sights on a seemingly impossible dream.Photography isn’t exactly valued as a career path in Ghana.Ninson says,“If you tell your parents you’re going to be a photographer,it was like,‘What Go be a lawyer.’”But Ninson felt photography was his calling.He was deeply influenced by the rich family history of storytelling passed down through his grandparents and later,attracted by a friend’s images,developed a love of photography.It felt natural to combine the two,so he dove in.With great determination,he managed to collect more than 30,000 volumes.In December 2022,the Dikan Center opened.
Ghanaian Daniella Afful was particularly moved by Dikan’s exhibition,and said it gave her a new viewpoint on her country’s past and present.She said,“Dikan has made art and photography more significant.It has given us the hope that we may soon have a music library in Ghana.We could have a film library in Ghana—anything just to preserve our history and make history.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了加纳摄影记者Paul Ninson在纽约发现大量关于非洲生活的影像资料,受此启发,他在加纳首都创建迪坎中心,收藏摄影图书,让人们了解非洲历史。
5.What surprised Paul Ninson in New York
A.Many pictures about Africa.
B.Historical photography exhibits.
C.Video materials about Ghana.
D.Photography training courses.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson...the city’s libraries and museums.”可知,他在纽约的图书馆和博物馆里发现了大量关于非洲生活的图片,这让他感到惊讶。故选A。
6.Why did Ninson create the Dikan Center in Ghana
A.To spread African culture globally.
B.To improve people’s living conditions.
C.To offer Africans insights into their roots.
D.To develop the photobook market in Ghana.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That inspired him to create...the creation of the Dikan Center”可知,Ninson创建迪坎中心是为了把非洲的故事带回家,让非洲人了解自己的历史,也就是为了让非洲人了解他们的根源。故选C。
7.Why did Ninson choose to tell stories with photographs
A.It was quite popular in Ghana.
B.His parents encouraged him to do so.
C.He was influenced by his family and friend.
D.He used to study photography in New York.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He was deeply influenced by...combine the two,so he dove in.”可知,他受祖父母传承下来的家族讲故事传统的影响,后来又被朋友的图片吸引而爱上摄影,他觉得把两者结合起来很自然,所以他受到了家人和朋友的影响而选择用照片讲故事。故选C。
8.What does Daniella Afful think of Dikan’s exhibition
A.Challenging. B.Entertaining.
C.Astonishing. D.Inspiring.
√
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容,尤其是其中的“it gave her a new viewpoint on her country’s past and present”“It has given us the hope”可知,Daniella Afful认为迪坎中心的展览让她对国家的过去和现在有了新的视角,并且给了他们希望,所以她觉得展览是鼓舞人心的。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2026·沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测)
Ruqaia,40,is from a rural community in Egypt,where education is not considered “fit” for women and girls.Ruqaia saw many 　1　 in her society—early marriage,unsafety and lack of freedom of speech for women.
She was at a loss as to what to do with her future 　2　,until one day she was presented with a virtual learning programme,which 　3　 many subjects,including reading,writing and more.She viewed the 　4　 in the programme as a key to establishing future profession,so she 　5　 the opportunity to take part in it.
However,the decision was not made 　6　.Her family did not support her decision to pursue her education.She made every effort to 　7　 how serious she was.She tried talking sense into them by promising to do everything that is 　8　 for family traditions,but not to do anything that is inappropriate.Eventually,her family had to 　9　 her decision.
Ruqaia always obeyed her family traditions.She 　10　 her family in the process and never tried to hide anything from them.If her family understood Ruqaia’s 　11　,there was more chance that they would understand the advantages of what she was doing.
Ruqaia’s hard work paid off.She was the only student from her class to finish the programme and go on to 　12　 in Cairo University,where she studied media and communications.
After graduation,she did her best to give back to society such as opening a school with a focus on 　13　 or helping them to find 　14　 jobs in her community.
Ruqaia’s story urged the local community to 　15　 the importance of education on women’s and girls’ career planning.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了埃及的一位女性 Ruqaia在支持女性接受教育方面付出的种种努力。
1.A.demands B.elements
C.injustices D.functions
√
解析　根据下文破折号后的解释“early marriage,unsafety and lack of freedom of speech for women”可知,这里说的是Ruqaia在她所在的社会中看到的不公平现象。injustices“不公平,不公正的行为”符合题意。demand“要求”;element“要素”;function “功能,职能”。
2.A.marriage B.security
C.wealth D.occupation
√
解析　根据下文中的“to establishing future profession(建立未来职业)”可知,这里指的是她对自己未来的职业感到迷茫。occupation“工作,职业”符合语境。marriage“婚姻”;security“安全”;wealth“财富”。
3.A.composed B.comprised
C.lacked D.limited
√
解析　分析空处前后内容之间的逻辑关系可知,这个虚拟学习项目包括(comprised)很多课程。compose“组成,构成”;lack “缺少”;limit“限制”。
4.A.evaluation B.identification
C.competition D.participation
√
解析　根据下文的“take part in(参加)”可知,她将参与该项目视为建立未来职业的关键。participation“参与”符合题意。evaluation“评估”;identification“识别”;competition“竞争”。
5.A.jumped at B.turned down
C.missed out D.looked for
√
解析　根据上文可知,Ruqaia欣然接受这次机会参加这个项目。jump at sth“迫不及待地接受,欣然接受(机会、建议等)”符合题意。turn down“拒绝”;miss out“遗漏,漏掉,没把……包括在内”;look for“寻找”。
6.A.lightly B.individually
C.seriously D.cautiously
√
解析　根据下文可知,她的家人不支持她继续接受教育的决定,她努力说服家人。所以这个决定不是轻率地(lightly)做出的。individually“分别地,各自地”;seriously“严肃地”;cautiously“谨慎地,慎重地”。
7.A.deny B.admit
C.complain D.demonstrate
√
解析　根据上下文可知,Ruqaia为了说服家人,尽了一切努力来证明(demonstrate)她很认真。deny“否认”;admit“承认”;complain“抱怨”。
8.A.proper B.expensive
C.complex D.conventional
√
解析　talk sense into sb 表示“让某人明白过来”。由后文的“but”可知,空处与inappropriate“不合适的”相反。此处是说她承诺做一切符合家庭传统的事情,不做任何不合适的事情,试图通过这种方式让他们明白过来。proper“合适的”符合题意。expensive“昂贵的”;complex“复杂的”;conventional“传统的,习惯的”。
9.A.reject B.respect
C.oppose D.clarify
√
解析　根据上文提到的 Ruqaia所做的努力及空前的“Eventually”可推测,最终她的家人不得不尊重(respect)她的决定。reject“拒绝接受,不予考虑”;oppose“反对(计划、政策等),抵制,阻挠”;clarify“澄清,讲清楚,阐明”。
10.A.involved B.protected
C.threatened D.cheated
√
解析　根据设空所在句中的“and never tried to hide anything from them”可知,她让家人参与了这个过程,并且从未试图向他们隐瞒任何事情。involve“使参加,使参与”符合题意。protect “保护”;threaten“威胁”;cheat“欺骗”。
11.A.profile B.motive
C.routine D.habit
√
解析　If引导条件状语从句,空后提到他们就更有可能理解她所做的事情的益处,所以此处是说如果她的家人理解 Ruqaia 的动机(motive)。profile“简介”;routine“惯例”;habit“习惯”。
12.A.teach B.consume
C.register D.invest
√
解析　根据下文“where she studied media and communications”可知,Ruqaia继续在开罗大学注册上学。register“注册”符合题意。teach“教授”;consume“消耗”;invest“投资”。
13.A.males B.females
C.seniors D.adults
√
解析　根据最后一段中的“the importance of education on women’s and girls’ career planning”可知,Ruqaia毕业后,尽最大努力回馈社会,例如开设一所关注女性(females)的学校。
14.A.back-breaking B.time-consuming
C.shameless D.decent
√
解析　上文介绍的是Ruqaia毕业后回馈社会,开设了一所关注女性的学校,帮助她们在社区找工作,所以应该是找“体面的”工作,故decent符合语境。back-breaking“艰苦繁重的,累人的”;time-consuming“耗费时间的”;shameless“无耻的”。
15.A.ignore B.maintain
C.acknowledge D.restore
√
解析　根据上文可知,Ruqaia说服家人支持自己参加虚拟学习项目,继续上大学,最后帮助女性接受教育以回馈社会。所以她的故事敦促当地社区承认(acknowledge)教育在成年女性和女孩职业规划方面的重要性。ignore“忽视,不理睬”;maintain“保持,维持”;restore“恢复”。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2026·沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测)
Lu Qi,noted as chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and director of the Institute of Great Green Wall, 1.　　　 (announce) to be entitled the Champions of the Earth last month.
Highly praised 2.　　　　　　 his contributions to global desertification control,Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title,3.　　　　　　 achievements have shown through practice that by combining science and policy,humanity can address land degradation issues.
Almost 40 percent of the world’s land is already degraded,desertification is on the rise and destructive 4.　　　　　　 (drought) are becoming more regular.The good news is that solutions already exist today,and across 5.　　　　　　 globe,extraordinary individuals and organizations are showing that it is 6.　　　　 (whole) possible to defend and heal the planet.
Lu has led over 50 desertification control-related research projects,7.　　　　　　 (assist) China in carrying out the relevant policies and providing expertise to international organizations at the forefront of global desertification action.
Lu’s receiving the honor can remind the younger generations as long as they remember their mission and keep innovating,they will definitely gain 8.　　　　　　 (recognize) from society and that the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased,and the duty has grown 9.　　　　　　 (heavy).
Lu’s team is devoted to sharing the successful experience and models of the ecological projects.There already are cooperation centers and research centers,as well as forums for cooperation,all 10.　　　　　　 (design)to spread China’s wisdom and experience worldwide.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国林业科学研究院首席科学家卢琦被授予“地球卫士奖”称号,因对全球荒漠化控制所做出的贡献而受到高度赞扬。
1.was announced　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子的主干为“Lu Qi 　　　　(announce) to be entitled the Champions of the Earth”,其中Lu Qi是主语,空处作谓语,与主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据last month可知,句子应用一般过去时。主语是第三人称单数,故填was announced。句中的noted是非谓语动词,“noted...Great Green Wall”相当于省略了关系代词和be动词的非限制性定语从句。句意:中国林业科学研究院首席科学家兼绿色长城研究所所长卢琦于上月被宣布获得“地球卫士奖”称号。]
2.for　[考查介词。根据空后的“his contributions to global desertification control”可知,此处是说“卢琦因其在全球荒漠化控制方面的贡献而受到高度赞扬”。be praised for 表示“因……被表扬”。故填for。]
3.whose　[考查定语从句。句子的主干是“Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title”,所以空后的have shown应是从句的谓语动词;空处修饰名词achievements,引导定语从句,指的应是卢琦的成就。故填whose。句意:卢琦因其对全球荒漠化防治的贡献而受到高度赞扬,成为首位获此殊荣的中国人。他的成就通过实践表明,通过结合科学与政策,人类可以解决土地退化问题。]
4.droughts　[考查名词的单复数。drought表示“旱灾”,是可数名词。根据空后的are可知,空处应填名词复数droughts。句意:世界上近40%的土地已经退化,荒漠化正在加剧,具有破坏性的干旱变得更加频繁。]
5.the　[考查冠词。across the globe表示“在全球范围内”,故填定冠词the。]
6.wholly　[考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词 possible,应用副词wholly,表示“完全,整体上”。句意:好消息是,如今已有解决方案,而且在全球范围内,杰出个人和组织正在表明保卫和修复地球是完全有可能的。]
7.assisting　[考查非谓语动词。空前内容为句子主干,其中的has led是谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词,与主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式assisting。句意:卢琦领导了50多个与荒漠化控制相关的研究项目,协助中国执行相关政策,并为处于全球荒漠化行动前沿的国际组织提供专业知识。]
8.recognition　[考查词性转换。空处作动词gain的宾语,应用名词形式;recognize的名词形式为recognition,在此处表示“赞誉”,为不可数名词。故填recognition。句意:卢琦的获奖提醒年轻一代,只要牢记使命并坚持创新,就一定会获得社会的赞誉,同时他们肩上的责任更多更重了。]
9.heavier　[考查形容词比较级。上文提到“the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased(他们肩上的责任增加了)”,故此处是说“责任更重了”,应用形容词的比较级,故填 heavier。]
10.designed　[考查非谓语动词。句子的主干为there be句型“There already are cooperation centers and research centers,as well as forums for cooperation”。空前的all指的是句子中的“cooperation centers and research centers,as well as forums for cooperation”,与动词design之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用动词的过去分词。故填designed。句意:目前已有合作中心和研究中心,以及合作论坛,所有这些都旨在将中国的智慧和经验传播到全球。]
二次精读
核心单词 A Para.2:launch v.开展;发起　postdoctoral adj.博士后的
B Para.1:photojournalist n.摄影记者　visual adj.视觉的;看得见的　Para.3:calling n.使命感;职业
核心短语 A Para.1:let...go放弃,摒弃(想法);放开;释放　Para.2:leaf through翻阅
Para.5:an approach for doing sth做某事的方法
B Para.1:a large collection of大量的,大批的　Para.2:take the lead带头,树立榜样;开始领先　Para.3:set one’s sights on (doing) sth以……为奋斗目标,决心做到　dive in热切地开始,全身心投入,潜心钻研
熟词生义 A side(Para.3)常用义:n.一旁,侧边;方面;身旁,身边　文章义:adj.附带的
例句:Side effects include nausea,tiredness,and dizziness.副作用包括呕吐、疲倦和头晕。
难句分析 A ,
YIV-906 may
which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou.(Para.4)
定语从句,先行词为qinghao
译文:大约三年后,当国际试验的结果公布时,YIV-906可能会跻身由天然产物研发出的众多突破性药物的行列,其中包括从中草药青蒿中提取的一种治疗疟疾的药物,该药物的发现使化学家屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖。
难句分析 语法填空 ,
Lu became the first Chinese ,
.(Para.2)
译文:卢因其在防治全球荒漠化方面的贡献而备受赞誉,成为首位获此殊荣的中国人,其成就通过实践表明,科学与政策相结合,人类能够解决土地退化问题。
Thanks！
本
讲
内
容
结
束

展开更多......

收起↑