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外研版八年级下册英语 单词、短语、句型综合练习 答案+逐题解析
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（40题）
1. 答案：is fixed
解析：答句为not until引导的时间状语从句，next week表将来，此处用一般现在时表将来；it指代robot，机器人是“被修理”，用一般现在时被动语态。
2. 答案：encouragement
解析：a little 后接名词，encourage（动词，鼓励）→ encouragement（名词，鼓励）。
3. 答案：imaginative
解析：and 连接并列形容词，imagine（想象）→ imaginative（富有想象力的）。
4. 答案：was organised
解析：旅行“被组织”，用被动语态；后半句were提示时态为一般过去时，主语a trip为单数。
5. 答案：reminds / reminded
解析：可用一般现在时（描述常态）或一般过去时（回忆往事）；主语the story为三单，一般现在时用reminds。
6. 答案：provided
解析：has + 过去分词，现在完成时，provide 过去分词为provided。
7. 答案：disagreements
解析：several（几个）后接可数名词复数，disagreement（分歧）复数disagreements。
8. 答案：successfully
解析：副词修饰动词finished，successful（形容词）→ successfully（成功地）。
9. 答案：communication
解析：形容词good后接名词，communicate（交流）→ communication（交流）。
10. 答案：growing
解析：固定搭配 look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事，to是介词，后接动名词。
11. 答案：hearts
解析：our（我们的）后接可数名词复数，heart 复数hearts；follow our hearts 遵从本心。
12. 答案：was built
解析：in 1980为一般过去时；房子“被建造”，用被动语态，主语单数。
13. 答案：gained
解析：has + 过去分词，现在完成时，gain 过去分词gained（获得）。
14. 答案：Have; solved
解析：ever是现在完成时标志，一般疑问句结构：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词；主语you用Have，solve过去分词solved。
15. 答案：painful
解析：系动词felt后接形容词，pain（疼痛）→ painful（疼痛的）。
16. 答案：leader
解析：a后接名词，lead（领导，动词）→ leader（领导者，领袖）。
17. 答案：practising / practicing
解析：固定搭配 keep doing sth. 持续做某事。
18. 答案：lowest
解析：句意“创下新低”，用形容词最高级lowest。
19. 答案：suggestions
解析：give后接名词作宾语，suggest（建议，动词）→ suggestion；此处用复数表泛指。
20. 答案：fashionable
解析：be动词后接形容词，fashion（时尚）→ fashionable（时髦的）。
21. 答案：challenging
解析：形容词修饰名词job，challenge（挑战）→ challenging（有挑战性的）。
22. 答案：kindness
解析：形容词warm后接名词，kind（善良的）→ kindness（善意）。
23. 答案：tidying
解析：固定句型 spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事。
24. 答案：homeless
解析：形容词修饰名词people，home（家）→ homeless（无家可归的）。
25. 答案：directly
解析：副词修饰动词ask，direct（直接的）→ directly（直接地）。
26. 答案：ill
解析：be动词后接形容词，illness（名词，疾病）→ ill（生病的）。
27. 答案：safety
解析：介词for后接名词，safe（安全的）→ safety（安全）。
28. 答案：popularity
解析：enjoy后接名词，popular（受欢迎的）→ popularity（人气，普及）。
29. 答案：will graduate / is going to graduate
解析：next summer（明年夏天）为一般将来时。
30. 答案：to protect
解析：固定搭配 try one's best to do sth. 尽力做某事。
31. 答案：moves
解析：描述客观真理，用一般现在时；主语the earth为三单，动词用moves。
32. 答案：upload
解析：the + 名词，upload可作名词，意为“上传”；此处用原形。
33. 答案：species
解析：this后接单数名词，species 单复数同形（物种）。
34. 答案：inspiration
解析：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，inspire（激励）→ inspiration（灵感；鼓舞人心的人/事）。
35. 答案：depend
解析：描述客观常态，一般现在时；主语some animals为复数，动词用原形。
36. 答案：enjoyable
解析：系动词feel后接形容词，enjoy（享受）→ enjoyable（令人愉快的）。
37. 答案：provinces
解析：all（全部）后接可数名词复数，province（省份）复数provinces。
38. 答案：survival
解析：the后接名词，survive（生存）→ survival（存活，生存）。
39. 答案：looking
解析：固定搭配 keep doing sth. 持续做某事。
40. 答案：will organize / is going to organize
解析：next week为一般将来时，宾语从句用将来时态。
二、根据汉语提示完成单词（40题）
1. 答案：childhood
解析：his后接名词，childhood 童年。
2. 答案：calendar
解析：ancient 修饰单数名词，calendar 日历。
3. 答案：describe
解析：祈使句，please后接动词原形，describe 描述。
4. 答案：respect
解析：情态动词should后接动词原形，respect 尊重。
5. 答案：ancient
解析：形容词修饰名词buildings，ancient 古代的。
6. 答案：relationship
解析：the后接名词，relationship 关系。
7. 答案：shortage
解析：a serious后接单数名词，shortage 短缺。
8. 答案：feathered
解析：形容词作定语，feathered 羽毛覆盖的。
9. 答案：unknown
解析：be动词后接形容词，unknown 未知的。
10. 答案：unlocked
解析：leave + 宾语 + 形容词，unlocked 解锁的、没锁的。
11. 答案：cycle
解析：water cycle 水循环，cycle 循环。
12. 答案：react
解析：will后接动词原形，react 起化学反应。
13. 答案：mountains
解析：谓语are提示主语为复数，mountains 山脉。
14. 答案：explain
解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，explain 解释。
15. 答案：sprout
解析：start to do sth. 开始做某事，sprout 发芽。
16. 答案：fair
解析：be动词后接形容词，fair 公平的。
17. 答案：impolite
解析：be动词后接形容词，impolite 不礼貌的。
18. 答案：medicine
解析：study medicine 学医，medicine 药；医学。
19. 答案：support
解析：情态动词should后接动词原形，support 支持。
20. 答案：challenge
解析：a后接单数名词，challenge 挑战。
21. 答案：dialogue / dialog
解析：the后接名词，dialogue 对话。
22. 答案：ladder
解析：the后接单数名词，ladder 梯子。
23. 答案：dramas
解析：watch后接名词，drama 戏剧，表泛指用复数。
24. 答案：terrible / awful
解析：so后接形容词，terrible/awful 糟糕的。
25. 答案：volunteer
解析：volunteer work 志愿工作，volunteer 作定语。
26. 答案：director
解析：a后接单数名词，director 导演。
27. 答案：advantages
解析：your后接名词，advantage 优点，此处用复数表泛指。
28. 答案：overcome
解析：情态动词should后接动词原形，overcome 克服。
29. 答案：Success
解析：名词作主语，success 成功，句首大写。
30. 答案：impossible
解析：be动词后接形容词，impossible 不可能的。
31. 答案：teamwork
解析：good后接名词，teamwork 团队合作。
32. 答案：active
解析：形容词修饰名词part，active 积极的；take an active part 积极参与。
33. 答案：conversation
解析：a后接单数名词，conversation 交谈。
34. 答案：disagreement
解析：a后接单数名词，disagreement 分歧。
35. 答案：heartbreaking
解析：形容词作表语，heartbreaking 令人心碎的。
36. 答案：careless
解析：be动词后接形容词，careless 粗心的。
37. 答案：newborn
解析：形容词修饰名词baby，newborn 新生的。
38. 答案：sweat
解析：drops of sweat 汗水，sweat 不可数名词。
39. 答案：make a difference
解析：固定短语 make a difference 有影响、起作用。
40. 答案：social
解析：形容词修饰名词responsibility，social 社会的。
三、完成句子（20题）
1. 答案：Happiness goes through; enters
解析：描述常态用一般现在时；happiness为不可数名词，谓语动词用三单。
2. 答案：a sense of achievement
解析：固定短语 a sense of achievement 成就感。
3. 答案：With the development; in the future
解析：with the development of 随着……的发展；in the future 将来。
4. 答案：coming out; meet new needs
解析：come out 涌现、出现（现在进行时表现阶段状态）；meet new needs 满足新需求。
5. 答案：encouraged; to stick to
解析：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事；stick to one's dream 坚持梦想；时态可用一般过去时/一般现在时。
6. 答案：regretted not joining
解析：regret not doing sth. 后悔没做某事；动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。
7. 答案：be angry with
解析：固定短语 be angry with sb. 生某人的气。
8. 答案：not only; but also
解析：并列结构 not only...but also... 不仅……而且……。
9. 答案：care for / look after
解析：care for / look after 关爱、照顾。
10. 答案：encouraged; to work
解析：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。
11. 答案：offered to
解析：offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事，动作发生在过去，用过去式。
12. 答案：take out the rubbish
解析：take out the rubbish 倒垃圾；could后接动词原形。
13. 答案：as soon as
解析：固定短语 as soon as possible 尽快。
14. 答案：get on / along; with
解析：get on/along well with sb. 与某人和睦相处。
15. 答案：As long as
解析：连词 as long as 只要，引导条件状语从句，句首大写。
16. 答案：As time goes by
解析：固定句式 As time goes by 随着时间的推移。
17. 答案：is needed to
解析：被动语态，“实现目标需要这种精神”。
18. 答案：enjoy fresh air
解析：be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；fresh air 新鲜空气。
19. 答案：provides homes for
解析：provide sth. for sb./sth. 为……提供某物；主语单数，一般现在时用三单。
20. 答案：at the end of
解析：固定短语 at the end of 在……末期/末尾。外研版八年级下册英语期末复习之单词、短语、句型综合练习
（时间：60分钟 满分：120分）
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（40小题，每小题1分，共40分）
1．—When can we continue using the robot
—Not until it ________ (fix) next week.
2．With a little ________ (encourage) from his parents he should do much better.
3．When he was still a young boy, he was already very clever and ________ (imagine).
4．A trip to the science museum ________ (organise) by our school, and we were all excited about it.
5．The story ________ (remind) me of the happy moments in the village and I miss them very much.
6．The government has ________ (provide) more jobs for the farm workers.
7．They have had several ________ (disagreement) with their neighbours.
8．He finished the work ________ (successful) with his team.
9．Good ________ (communicate) is important for a great team.
10．She is looking forward to ________ (grow) up healthily.
11．When we talk about our dreams, we should follow our ______ (heart) and never give up.
12．The old house ________ (build) in 1980, and it still looks good now.
13．The little girl has ________ (gain) a lot of support from her parents.
14．________ you ever ________ (solve) a difficult team problem
15．The young man was bitten by a snake and felt very _________(pain).
16．A good ________ (lead) can encourage the team and make good decisions.
17．They keep ________ (practice) the game skills and they will win the next match.
18．Just over 9 million babies were born in 2023, a birth rate which is a new record ________ (lower) for China.
19．When someone needs your help, remember to give ________ (suggest), not give orders.
20．Do you think pilots’ jobs will be ________ (fashion) in the future
21．Teaching kids with special needs sounds like a ________ (challenge) job.
22．He still remembers the warm ________ (kind) from others after so many years.
23．I spent an hour ________ (tidy) my room.
24．The news says that the ________ (home) people in the war have got help from all over the world.
25．If you’re not sure about the answer, you can ask your teacher ________ (direct).
26．All of us took the P.E. test last week except Sally. She was ________ (illness) at home.
27．We must always wear seat belts for ________ (safe) while driving.
28．Our product enjoys ________(popular)throughout the world.
29．Terry ________ (graduate) from medical school next summer.
30．We should try our best ________ (protect) rare wildlife around us.
31．As we all know, the earth ________ (move) around the sun.
32．The ________ (upload) of research materials finishes before Friday afternoon.
33．This special ________ (species) only lives in southern China’s mountain areas.
34．His ________ (inspire) makes more students interested in biological study.
35.Some animals ________ (depend) on forests for food and safe habitats.
36．Kids feel ________ (enjoy) when picking fresh fruits in rural fields.
37．The map marks all ________ (province) with special solar term customs.
38．The ________ (survive) of crops depends on enough water from Karez.
39．Scientists keep ________ (look) into the mysteries of nature.
40．I wonder if they ________ (organize) an English speech competition next week.
二、根据汉语提示完成单词（40小题，每小题1分，共40分）
1．He often tells his children stories about his ________ (童年).
2．This ancient ________ (日历) was used by people to record the changes of seasons.
3．The professor smiled and said, “Please ________ (描述) what you see on the test paper.”
4．We should ________ (尊重) nature and follow its laws.
5．Many ________ (古代的) buildings have been well preserved in this city.
6．The ________ (关系) between humans and nature is very close.
7．There is a serious ________ (短缺) of fresh water in some African countries.
8．The ________ (羽毛覆盖的) bird flew into the sky and disappeared soon.
9．The cause of the problem is still ________ (未知的) to us.
10．John said sorry for leaving the door ________ (解锁) carelessly.
11．The water ________ (循环) is an important part of nature’s balance.
12．When iron meets water and air, it will ________ (起化学反应) and turn into rust.
13．The ________ (山脉) are home to many rare plants and animals.
14．Can you ________ (解释) how clouds turn into rain
15．When spring comes, seeds start to ________ (发芽) and grow into small plants.
16．It’s ________ (公平的) to help each other.
17．Don’t be ________ (不礼貌的) to others.
18．She is studying ________ (药) at the university.
19．We should ________ (支持) each other.
20．Solving this problem is a real ________ (挑战) for the team.
21．The teacher asked us to practise the ________ (对话) in pairs.
22．Would you please help me carry the ________ (梯子) upstairs
23．I like watching ________ (戏剧) after school.
24．The weather was so ________ (糟糕的) that our picnic had to be cancelled (取消).
25．She does ________ (志愿的) work at the local hospital every weekend.
26．As a ________ (导演), you are the leader to guide your actors and actresses like a team.
27．You should show your ________ (优点, 长处) during the interview.
28．We should ________ (克服) our growing pains.
29．________ (成功) belongs to the hard-working.
30．It’s ________ (不可能的) to finish it now.
31．Good ________ (团队合作) is important.
32．Take an ________ (积极的) part in activities.
33．I had a nice ________ (交谈) with my new deskmate about our favourite hobbies yesterday.
34．There was a ________ (分歧) between Mike and me about which movie to watch.
35.The story is ________ (令人心碎的).
36．Don’t be ________ (粗心的).
37．The ________ (新生的) baby sleeps quietly in her bed, looking very lovely.
38．It’s hot. Julie can feel the drops of ________ (汗水) on her neck.
39．Small kind acts can ________ ________ ________ (有影响) to the people around us.
40．We should have a sense of ________ (社会的) responsibility.
三、完成句子（20小题，每小题2分，共40分）
1．幸福透过玻璃，进入了我的心中。
___________________________ the glass and _________ my heart.
2．我在工作中找到了成就感。
I found ________ ________ ________ ________ in my job.
3．随着新技术的发展，也许将来不再需要人类飞行员了！
________ ________ ________ ________ new technology, there might be no need for human pilots ________ ________ ________ !
4．然而，新的职业正在涌现出来，以满足新的需求。
However, new ones are ________ ________ to ________ ________ ________ .
5．我的姐姐鼓励我坚持我的绘画梦想。
My sister ________ me ________ ________ ________ my dream of painting.
6．他后悔没有参加那个重要的比赛。
He ________ ________ ________ the important competition.
7．不要因为犯了一个小错误而生自己的气。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ yourself for making a small mistake.
8．我们不仅要谈职业，还要学会合作。
We ________ ________ talk about careers ________ ________ learn to cooperate.
9．我们必须关爱身边的老人。
We ________ ________ __________ the old people around us.
10．老师鼓励我们互相合作。
The teacher ________ us ________ ________ together.
11．他主动提出要帮我学习英语。
He ________ ________ help me with my English.
12．你能帮我倒一下垃圾吗？
Could you please ________ ________ ________ ________ for me
13．我们应该尽快完成这项工作。
We should finish the work ________ ________ ________ possible.
14．我们应该和新同学和睦相处。
We should ________ ________ well ________ our new classmates.
15．只要我们遵守自然规律，就能与自然和谐共处。
________ ________ ________ we follow natural rules, we can live in peace with nature.
16．随着时间的推移，越来越多的湿地消失了。
________ ________ ________ ________, more and more wetlands have disappeared.
17．要实现这一目标需要什么样的精神呢？
What spirit ________ ________ ________ realise it
18．我爷爷习惯在清晨享受森林里的新鲜空气。
My grandpa is used to ________ ________ ________ in the forest early in the morning.
19．这个自然保护区为数百种鸟类提供了家园。
This nature reserve ________ ________ ________ hundreds of bird species.
20．夏天末期，我们可以看到许多蝴蝶在花丛中飞舞。
We can see many butterflies flying among flowers ________ ________ ________ __________ summer.

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