资源简介

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[学生用书P179(单独成册)]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Their experiences contrast sharply(sharp) with those of other children.
2．I admired my father, and his work filled me with awe and curiosity(curious).
3．After the shocking(shock) news came out, telephone calls came flooding in the government office from all over the country.
4．Rescuers(rescue) were still working their way towards the trapped men after the earthquake.
5．The location(locate) of these beaches makes them prime sites for development.
6．The Silk Road built the earliest connection between the East and the West and still has a powerful(power) influence today.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．In the next decade many more entrepreneurs must break through the established business order.
2．He whispered to his mother that he had run out of his money.
3．From a distance, it really looks like a little animal running along the ground to get away.
4．My father's insect collections made me curious about how wildlife live in the natural world.
5．Thinking of the wolf's bloody mouth, Mac was nearly scared to death.
6．She heard the news that her beloved grandmother passed away, frozen with shock.
维度三　完成句子
1．他们的车在荒野抛锚，除了等待救援没有别的办法。
Their car broke down in the wilderness. There__was__nothing__to__do__but__wait for help.
2．他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。(while表示对比)
He likes playing basketball, while__I__like__listening__to__music．
3．杰克什么也没说，但老师对他笑了笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明的事似的。
Jack didn't say anything but the teacher smiled at him as__if__he__had__done__something__very__clever.
4．我们对此次延误以及因此有可能造成的所有不便表示抱歉。(“might/may have done”结构)
We apologize for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may__have__caused．
5．其次，我能正确流利地说英语，我认为这会是一个与游客交流的优势。(which引导非限制性定语从句)
Secondly, I can speak English correctly and fluently, which__I__think__would__be__an__advantage__to communicate with the visitors.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研必修三U6】
It's strange, but I don't really remember much about the hurricane itself. It all happened so quickly. I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. I was so frightened that I just froze.
Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then. The rain was coming down so hard and so fast. Our street turned into a river in seconds. We were going nowhere.
At first, I was pleased we could stay at home, but soon it got really tough. Without a roof, staying inside was too dangerous. There was water everywhere, but we couldn't drink any of it otherwise we'd get really sick. We just had drinking water that was sent to us by helicopter, but it was never enough. It was August, so it was really, really hot and it smelled so bad everywhere! I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie. He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
Living in the open air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the mosquitos. But Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things. It was difficult to stay positive, though. We had lost our home and everything in it, including Smartie. All we had left were the clothes on our backs. But as Mom kept on reminding us, we were all together and safe. Mom's words made us feel better. I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and looking up at the stars. Because there were no lights, we could see the Big Dipper, the Little Dipper and the Milky Way. It was amazing! Even though we had lost a lot, moments like those gave us hope for the future.
1．What was the speaker's initial reaction when the hurricane hit
A.She immediately grabbed her cat and ran outside.
B．She felt a sense of excitement at the sudden change.
C．She was paralyzed with fear and couldn't move.
D．She calmly assessed the situation and sought shelter.
2．Why was it difficult for the family to obtain drinking water during the hurricane
A．The water supply was intentionally cut off by authorities.
B．There was no water around.
C.The helicopter delivering water was delayed due to bad weather.
D.The amount of water safe to drink was insufficient.
3．What was the speaker's primary concern during the hurricane, apart from the loss of shelter
A．The safety of her family members.
B.The whereabouts (行踪) of her pet cat, Smartie.
C.The lack of food and other essential supplies.
D.The potential damage to their personal belongings.
4．What is the main message conveyed in the passage
A.The destruction caused by natural disasters can never be fully overcome.
B．In times of adversity, focusing on the positive aspects can provide hope and comfort.
C．It is crucial to have a solid emergency plan in place before a hurricane strikes.
D.The importance of owning a pet for emotional support during difficult times.
答案：1～4.CDBB
[学生用书P181(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
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(2025·东莞月考)When a hurricane hit her hometown, Karen Lauder chose to stay at home because she didn't know how strong the storm would be. Karen was 84 years old and depended on a wheelchair to get around because she was missing a leg. Her son, Johnny Lauder, tried repeatedly to get her to leave, but she refused.
Johnny and his whole family live within a few blocks of one another. They kept in touch with Karen as the storm continued violently (猛烈地) outside, watching the water rising dangerously all around them. When Karen reported that the water in her house had reached her bottom, Johnny knew he had to take action.
First, Johnny ensured his sons and their pets were taken care of. Then, he jumped out of a window and began to swim. Johnny used to work as a rescue swimmer. He is obviously a strong swimmer, but the flood water was filled with dangerous materials. There was also a strong current (水流), and he had to swim against it for most of his trip to Karen's. As he made his way through the water, Johnny stopped periodically to snap selfies (自拍) to show his worried family that he was okay.
Johnny was racing against the clock. He knew he only had a short period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen's head. It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks. The__sound__of__Karen__shouting__inside__was__music__to__his__ears!
“If it had been 20 minutes later, she wouldn't have been here，” Johnny said. “She's never been happier to see me.”
Karen is now safe, although she is in the hospital being treated for infections (感染) she got in the water. The family have all lost everything they owned, including their houses, but they're grateful just to be here.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飓风席卷时，约翰尼游了四个街区去救自己母亲凯伦·劳德的故事。
1．Why did Karen refuse to leave her house when the hurricane came
A．She was too old to move.
B．She missed one of her legs.
C．She thought the storm was not violent.
D．She lost her wheelchair and was unable to leave.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When a hurricane hit her hometown...how strong the storm would be.”可推知，凯伦想要待在家是因为她对飓风的强度判断失误，认为暴风雨并不猛烈。
2．Why did Johnny take selfies along the way to Karen's home
A．To record his swimming trip.
B．To report his safety to his family.
C．To warn other rescuers of danger.
D．To show off his swimming skills.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As he made his way...he was okay.”可知，约翰尼游泳时还不时停下来自拍，是为了向家人报告他的安全状况。
3．What does the underlined sentence “The sound of Karen shouting inside was music to his ears！” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Karen was playing music inside.
B．Johnny was too tired to hear anything but music.
C．Johnny felt relieved when hearing Karen shouting.
D．Johnny mistook the sound of water inside as music.
C　解析：句意猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，约翰尼及时赶到救了母亲。由此可推知，画线句意为“听到母亲在喊，约翰尼感到很欣慰和放心”。
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．A Successful Rescue in a Hurricane
B．A Family's Total Loss in a Strong Current
C．A Race Against The Clock to Snap Selfies
D.Johnny's Working Experience as a Rescue Swimmer
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了约翰尼在飓风中成功救出母亲的故事，A项最适合作为本文的标题。
B
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(2025·河北示范性高中月考)As the temperature continues to rise because of global (全球的) warming, some of this increased heat goes into the oceans, which leads to the rising of sea levels and raises temperatures at the sea surface. Scientists expect that rising sea surface temperatures could produce an increasing number of hurricanes while making them stronger than previous ones. Globally, it is uncertain whether global warming is creating more of these storms. However, there are signs of change in some areas, such as the North Atlantic.
A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022 shows that hurricane activity is increasing in the North Atlantic. An analysis shows that the number of hurricanes is going upward, and so is the number of major hurricanes, which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more. Of these years, the 2005 North Atlantic hurricane season stands out, as it had 15 hurricanes, of which 7 became major hurricanes.
However, this increase is still a normal change. Many of these increases are caused by the arrival of El Ni o (厄尔尼诺现象) in the Pacific Ocean—a climate phenomenon that has an effect on hurricane development in the North Atlantic.
Are scientists at a point where they can argue confidently that hurricane activity is increasing Or that global warming is causing an increase in hurricane activity Right now the answer to both of these questions is no. Global and local hurricane records show that the increase in hurricanes in the North Atlantic does not appear in many of the other hurricane-producing areas. In fact, hurricane activity in some areas has even reduced over the same period.
What's more, there is no sign that the increase in the North Atlantic will continue. While climate science goes on studying how El Ni o affects global warming, research continues to suggest that a warming ocean makes hurricanes more and more likely. However, whether these hypotheses (假说) will be proved correct remains to be seen.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在全球变暖的背景下，飓风活动是否增加以及其原因的科学研究和争议。
5．How do scientists do their research on hurricane increasing
A．By doing field observation.
B．By making close observation.
C．By analyzing old records.
D．By grouping different hurricanes.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022...which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more.”可知，科学家们是通过分析过去的飓风记录来研究飓风增加的。
6．What can we infer about the increase of hurricanes from this passage
A．It will cause sea level to rise.
B．It may be a local phenomenon.
C．It results in warmer sea surface.
D．It often creates disastrous storms.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Global and local hurricane records...has even reduced over the same period.”可推知，飓风的增加可能是一种局部现象。
7．What might the follow-up research focus on
A．The direct cause of hurricanes on the Atlantic Ocean.
B．The reason for the change in the number of hurricanes.
C．The relationship between sea temperature and El Ni o.
D．The relationship between hurricanes and warming ocean.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While climate science...correct remains to be seen.”可推知，后续的研究可能会继续关注海洋变暖和飓风之间的关系。
8．What can be the best title of this passage
A．Will Global Warming Be Controlled
B．Will Human Beings Face More Dangers
C．Are Hurricanes Spreading Elsewhere
D．Is the Number of Hurricanes Increasing
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章开篇提到全球变暖可能使飓风数量增加等情况，并围绕飓风数量是否增加这一核心话题展开了介绍。D项最适合作为本文的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Ronald Handel lived on a farm in California.He owned two Great Pyrenees mountain dogs who __1__ his eight goats.It was their __2__ to protect the goats from wolves in the California mountains.In 2017，when the wildfires in the distance were __3__， Handel hurried to get his __4__ and the dogs into the car so they could evacuate (撤离).
One of the dogs，Odin，__5__ to ignore his doggy duty.He __6__ down with the goats，and stared at Handel, as if to say，“I'm not __7__．” Handel waited as long as he could for Odin to come around, but they had to go, because they __8__ that parked cars a few yards behind them were filled with flames, and heard explosions from oil tanks.
After the flames were put out，Handel and his young daughter did not __9__ to find anything when they returned to their __10__．But to their surprise, Odin was __11__ there. He and the goats were slightly __12__．Odin managed to bring them all to __13__， despite the fact that everything else around them was completely destroyed by the fire.Odin was limping (一瘸一拐), and very __14__， so Handel knew that Odin had been on an adventure of his own to save his __15__．If only dogs could talk.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了大火中一条忠诚的狗不离不弃看护羊群的故事。
1．A.caught sight of　　　B．took care of
C．got along with D．kept away from
B　解析：根据下文“It was their ______ to protect the goats from wolves in the California mountains.”可知，汉德尔家的狗的工作是看护(take care of)山羊。
2．A.demand B．right
C．job D．nature
C　解析：根据下文to ignore his doggy duty可知，看护山羊是狗的职责所在，即工作(job)。
3．A.approaching B．going out
C．withdrawing D．slowing down
A　解析：根据下文“Handel hurried to get...so they could evacuate”可知，远处的野火越来越近(approach)。
4．A.goats B．devices
C．wife D．daughter
D　解析：根据下文Handel and his young daughter可知，野火逼近时，他先把女儿(daughter)带上车。
5．A.refused B．offered
C．continued D．chose
A　解析：根据下文可知，奥丁自始至终履行自己的看护职责，拒绝(refuse)逃离工作岗位。
6．A.broke B．fell
C．lay D．came
C　解析：根据语境可知，此处指奥丁趴(lie)在地上，不肯上车。
7．A.frightened B．leaving
C．acting D．alone
B　解析：根据上文“He ______ down with the goats, and stared at Handel”可知，奥丁不准备和主人一起乘车离开(leave)。
8．A.argued B．explained
C．understood D．spotted
D　解析：根据下文heard explosions from oil tanks可知，此处指他们发现(spot)身后的车子着火了。
9．A.hesitate B．forget
C．agree D．expect
D　解析：根据上文及语境可知，连汽车都被引燃了，没有什么可以逃过这场大火，所以汉德尔没有抱任何期待(expect)。
10．A.car B．company
C．farm D．village
C　解析：根据第一段内容可知，汉德尔的农场遭遇野火。大火过后，他们应该是返回农场(farm)。
11．A.still B．even
C．already D．instead
A　解析：根据语境及上文“But to their surprise”可知，事情发生了转折，奥丁依旧(still)活着。
12．A.burnt B．disappointed
C．grabbed D．criticised
A　解析：根据上文“But to their surprise, Odin was ______ there.”可知，此处指狗和山羊只被轻微灼伤(burn)，并无大碍。
13．A.happiness B．safety
C．land D．life
B　解析：根据上文“He and the goats were slightly ______．”可知，奥丁引导山羊去了安全的地方(safety)，才不至于被大火吞噬。
14．A.nervous B．tired
C．curious D．energetic
B　解析：根据上文及常识可知，奥丁在这次大火中带着山羊逃生的经历令它十分疲惫(tired)。
15．A.home B．owner
C．workmates D．friends
D　解析：根据上文内容可知，奥丁一直不忘看护着山羊，引导山羊到安全之处，说明它将山羊视作自己的朋友(friend)来看护。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In recent years, the world 1.__________(see) a number of natural disasters: hurricanes in the Caribbean and southern U．S., earthquakes in Mexico, typhoons in the southeast of China and landslides in southern Asia. These 2.____________(event) brought damage to communities. They also brought questions about what we can do to prepare 3.____________(we) for similar events. The best thing to do when you face a coming natural disaster is to pay attention to your area's evacuation notices and take advantage of evacuation help. However, 4.____________ is possible to be caught by an unexpected emergency. When 5.____________(face) with those situations, what should you do to stay safe How can you be better prepared Every family should have an emergency plan 6.____________ addresses the most likely disasters in their area. Practical survival skills should also be part of every family's plan. These skills need to be learned and practiced before things get hard. This is because you 7.____________(simple) won't have time to read a survival book during 8.____________ emergency. 9.____________(stay) calm is the most important thing a person can do during any emergency. A little fear is a natural and healthy response to a scary event. But when fear runs unchecked, a person may make dangerous choices. It is difficult to stay calm in 10.____________(frighten) situations, but it can be done.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来世界各地发生的自然灾害，并指出这些事件给社区带来的破坏以及引发的关于应急准备的疑问。
1．has seen　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In recent years可知，空处时态为现在完成时；且主语the world为第三人称单数，故应用has seen。
2．events　解析：考查名词复数。根据空前These可知，空处应用名词复数形式。
3．ourselves　解析：考查反身代词。prepare oneself for...意为“让自己为……做好准备”，空处应用反身代词。
4．it　解析：考查it作形式主语。分析句子结构可知，此处应用it作形式主语，不定式“to be caught by an unexpected emergency”作真正的主语。
5．faced　解析：考查状语从句的省略。此处为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为：When you are faced with those situations，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词，所以此处省略you are。
6．which/that　解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为an emergency plan，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。
7．simply　解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词，应用副词simply作状语。
8．an　解析：考查冠词。空后名词emergency在此处为可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，且emergency的发音以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an。
9．Staying　解析：考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作主语，表示一般行为，应用动名词形式，且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
10．frightening　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词situations，应用形容词形式，意为“令人恐惧的”。Period 3　Writing
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写作一　读后续写(友谊让我融入外部世界)
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was lacking in everything needed to start a new friendship.
My parents moved to the town when they decided to look for new jobs, but they didn't realize I was really hurt when I said goodbye to my old friends. It felt awful to be a new student in the school, because when my classmates were chatting, what I could do was be caught up in my thoughts watching the clouds outside the window. I was not good at math or history, nor was I good at drawing or dancing. I was shy and timid (胆怯的).I had a few friends in my hometown and it seemed that they were the only ones who I could be friends with for my whole life. I felt I had reached a point where I could make no further addition to my friend list. I was ashamed of myself, so I believed I deserved no notice from others until Emily came to my world.
Emily was fearless, outspoken and easy to get along with, while I was too shy to come out of my shell.I met Emily in the school almost every day and yet I never talked to her. We were in the same class but we were poles apart (截然相反).How I wished I could be like her or at least be a friend of hers!
It was another ordinary day. I wandered to the bus stop in the morning and waited for the school bus. Birds were singing songs with their friends but who could I sing songs with I got on the bus and went straight to my usual seat, complaining in a low voice about getting up early and going to school, and about how things were going to be the same all over again. Little did I realize something different would happen that day.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
When I got up to get off the bus, my schoolbag was stuck in the armrest.____________________________________________________
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I got noticed by Emily, who gave me courage to start a new friendship！___________________________________________________________
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INCLUDEPICTURE "step1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "step1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　审题谋篇
1．仔细审题，明确续写要求；快速浏览文章，知晓文章主旨，做到“心中有数”。
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2．细读文章，了解文章大意，确定文章线索，以“顺藤摸瓜”。
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3．结合记叙文六要素梳理故事背景、人物与情节发展。
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4．根据所给段落开头语推理故事后续，构思完整故事情节。
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5．结合推理内容进行合理的细节描写，润色成篇。
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INCLUDEPICTURE "step2LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "step2LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　完美成篇
When I got up to get off the bus, my schoolbag was stuck in the armrest.____________________________________________________
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I got noticed by Emily, who gave me courage to start a new friendship！___________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
When I got up to get off the bus, my schoolbag was stuck in the armrest. I didn't notice it and stood up with all my strength. Unluckily, my schoolbag was torn apart and all the things fell to the ground. I knelt down to pick them up. Suddenly, I saw a hand passing me some of the books. I looked up and found it was Emily who was helping me. With her help, I put all the things back to my schoolbag. I began to talk with her and was surprised to find that we had much in common.
I got noticed by Emily, who gave me courage to start a new friendship! One day when I told her that I admired her and how I wished to be a friend of hers, she said, “We have already been friends！” I felt so happy that I even sang a song. Hearing my song, she thought highly of it and asked me to teach her to sing it. She made me realize how unique I was and at last I came out of my shell.
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表达坚定支持 1.No matter how dark the night got, her voice was always the star that guided me home.无论黑夜多漫长，她的声音始终是引领我归家的星辰。2.When the world turned its back on me, she stood there, arms wide open, saying softly, “I've got you.”　当世界背对我时，她张开双臂站在那里，轻声说：“有我在。”
体现默契与理解 1.One glance was enough—we didn't need words to know what the other was thinking.一个眼神便足够——我们无需言语便能读懂彼此的心意。2.Our laughter echoed through the halls, a secret language only we understood.我们的笑声在走廊里回荡，那是只有我们才懂的秘密语言。
展现共同成长 1.Like two trees growing side by side, our roots intertwined beneath the surface, unseen but unbreakable.　我们如两棵并肩生长的树，根系在地下交织，虽不可见却坚不可摧。2.She didn't just walk with me through the storm, she taught me how to dance in the rain.　她不仅陪我走过风雨，更教会我在雨中起舞。
冲突后的和解 1.Tears streamed down our faces as we hugged, all the anger melting away like snow under the sun.　我们相拥而泣，所有的愤怒如阳光下的雪般消融。2.I whispered，“I'm sorry，” and she squeezed my hand, saying, “Me too. Let's never fight like this again.”　我轻声说：“对不起。”她握紧我的手说：“我也是。我们再也不要这样争吵了。”
哲理升华 1.Friendship isn't about finding someone perfect—it's about seeing the imperfections and loving them anyway.友谊不是寻找完美的人，而是接纳彼此的不完美并依然相爱。2.In a world that's always changing, she was the one constant I could always count on.在这瞬息万变的世界里，她是我永远可以依靠的永恒。
写作二　场景微续写(关于水果农场的一个伤心事)
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词汇积累 [情感描写]　fortune, admit, mild, suit[动作描写]　occur, head to, seek, earn a living, select, claim, escape, fold, settle, contain
佳句积累 [动作描写]　1.Many others found jobs on farms，joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country.2.Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights，smells，and sounds of China.[情感描写]　I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
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[场景呈现]　我和哥哥向亚当爷爷的水果农场走去，试图摘些苹果。正在那时，低沉的声音传来。我们没有从农场逃跑的机会。他没有责备我们，而是亲手给我们挑选了几个苹果。几个月后，亚当爷爷发生了不好的事情——他不幸从苹果树上掉下来失去了生命。听到这个坏消息，我们不能控制我们的情绪，伤心的泪水像断了线的珠子一样从我们的脸上落下来。
My brother and I headed to Old Man Adam's fruit farm，1.seeking__to__pick__some__apples[现在分词(短语)作伴随状语]. At that time, a low voice came. We 2.had__no__chance__to__escape__from__the__farm. He didn't blame us and instead 3.selected__several__apples__for__us__first__hand. Several months later, something bad—unfortunately, his falling from the apple tree claimed his life—occurred to Old Man Adam. 4.Hearing__the__bad__news[现在(分词)短语作时间状语], we couldn't contain our emotions, 5.tears__of__sadness__running__down__our__faces__like__a__broken__string__of__pearls(独立主格结构).
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短语必记 1.be close to tears　　　　　快要哭了2.tears cloud one's eyes 泪水模糊了双眼3.tears well up in one's eyes 热泪盈眶4.be wet with tears/in tears 泪流满面5.with a lump in one's throat 喉咙哽咽6.tears roll/stream/run/flow down one's cheeks 泪水滑落脸颊
必背金句 1.There was a lump in my throat and I didn't speak because I knew I would cry.我哽咽了，没有说话，因为我知道我会哭。2.I left quickly，not wanting to break down in front of the children.我赶快离开了，不想在孩子们面前崩溃大哭。3.Realizing she would never come back to the land and never see her dear friends and teachers, Emma's eyes went red and watery.意识到她将不会再回到这片土地上，再也见不到她亲爱的朋友和老师了，埃玛双眼发红，泪水盈盈。4.Hearing the news of her father's death, she had a good cry.听到父亲去世的消息，她痛哭流涕。5.The little boy lay on the ground, crying for the toy car. 　小男孩躺在地上，哭着要那个玩具车。INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "传承文脉对话古今LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "传承文脉对话古今LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P66]))
多元文化
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【高频词汇】
1．incorporate v. 　 吸收；使并入；包含
2．appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识
3．melodious adj. 优美动听的
4．represent v. 体现；象征
5．literally adv. 字面上地
6．vary v. (使)不同；(使)呈现差异
7．appealing adj. 有吸引力的
8．mutual adj. 共同的，共有的
9．imagery n. 意象
10．bridge n. 纽带
11．typical adj. 典型的
12．exhibition n. 表现；展示
13．extensively adj. 广泛地；全面地
14．origin n. 起源
【话题佳句】
1．(外研必修二U1)People say that one man's meat is another man's poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. To me, there's nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!
人们说，甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜，但我对来自这两种文化的食物都很有亲近感。对于我来说，没有什么比得上一份混搭下午茶——英式饼干配上盛在精美的瓷杯中的中国乌龙茶！
2．(译林选必四U2)Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others.
有效的沟通可以使你妥善处理分歧，改善与他人的互动。
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Yu Boya was a guqin player from the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period. He was bright and eager 1.to__learn(learn) when he was young. After three years of learning from his teacher Cheng Lian, he had already had a good command of the temperament (调律) and superb skills in playing the musical instrument. Cheng Lian then sent Boya to the Penglai Island, 2.where Boya enjoyed the natural beauty and listened to the roaring of the great waves.He incorporated the beautiful nature with his music, thus 3.reaching(reach) a realm (境界) of thought he had never experienced before. Later, Boya became a famous musician, but his tunes were not 4.immediately(immediate) appreciated by all the people of his time.
One day Boya was boating alongside the river bank. A heavy downfall struck and suddenly Boya felt an urge to play his guqin.The melodious music became more and more beautiful 5.when he felt someone was listening. Boya came out of the boat, and saw a woodcutter standing on the bank. He knew that this man was keenly 6.appreciative(appreciate) of his talents, because the man understood his music. He immediately invited the woodcutter, Zhong Ziqi, to his boat. Full of passion, Boya played the musical instrument for Zhong Ziqi. When a piece of music praising the high mountains 7.was__played(play), Zhong Ziqi said, “The melody is as magnificent as Mount Tai which reaches to the sky！” When he played a piece of music representing the wild waves, Zhong Ziqi said, “The melody is as vast and mighty as the great rivers! ”Boya was excited，and said, “Only you can understand my music！”
They agreed that Boya would visit Zhong Ziqi again when he was back from his tour. When Boya got back and visited Ziqi, 8.the latter had already passed away because of illness. Boya was so sad that he played a tune 9.before Zhong Ziqi's tomb, and then broke his guqin into pieces. He had never played music ever since.
Boya's story exemplifies (体现) the Chinese ideal of friendship. The term “Zhiyin” (literally “one who knows the music”) 10.has__come(come) to describe a close and sympathetic friend since then.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "国际视野外刊撷英LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "国际视野外刊撷英LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P67]))
What's It Like Traveling to China These Days
Adapted from The New York Times
China is offering visa-free entry for 15 days to citizens from a number of countries. The program began in December 2023 and has continued to expand. In addition, citizens of more than 50 countries, including the United States, are now eligible for visa-free transit. They can enter China for 72 or 144 hours, depending on their port of entry.
Transit travelers must stay within certain areas. For example, people flying into Shanghai can only visit the city and the neighboring provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. China has also promised to reduce logistical headaches for foreigners.Many so-called super apps that most Chinese use for every aspect of daily life, from digital payments to ride hailing to ordering at restaurants—can now be linked to international credit cards, not just Chinese ones.
In the first half of 2024, there were about 14.6 million arrivals from overseas, according to Chinese statistics. Most of them were visa-free. That's 2.5 times as many as China had during the same period last year, but well below the 24 million in the first half of 2019.
On a Friday in Shanghai, Luka Lefevre, 24, and Charlotte Collet, 21, were cramming as much sightseeing as possible into a 10-hour layover between Paris and Vietnam. They had visited Yu Garden, a temple complex, and were taking photos on East Nanjing Road, a major shopping street. But they'd had trouble using their phones to pay for things, and had to resort to cash, they said.
Walking along the Bund, Shanghai's historic waterfront area, Maeline Lachaud and Nadia Hofmann, both Swiss university students, said they had linked their credit cards to mobile payment apps while traveling through Xi'an, Chongqing and now Shanghai. The convenience was “amazing” ，as mobile payment apps had to be used not only to pay, but also to order at restaurants.
eq \a\vs4\al( INCLUDEPICTURE "Wordlll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "Wordlll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT )
1．expand v．扩大；扩展
2．eligible adj.有资格的；符合条件的
3．transit (熟词生义) n．过境；中转
4．neighboring adj.邻近的；相邻的
5．logistical adj.后勤的；物流的
6．ride hailing 叫车服务
7．statistics n．统计数据；统计数字
8．cram v．塞满；挤入
9．layover n．中途停留
10．complex n．建筑群；综合体
11．resort to 依靠；借助于；诉诸
12．waterfront n．滨水区
INCLUDEPICTURE "Articlelll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "Articlelll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E26TYYRJBXS-3.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "E26TYYRJBXS-3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 答案：1.policies　2.statistics　3.experiences
INCLUDEPICTURE "Summarylll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "Summarylll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT China has launched a 15-day visa-free entry policy for international tourists. For 1.convenience,__it allows international credit cards to link with mobile payment apps, leading to an 2.increase in overseas arrivals. Many tourists expressed their true 3.feelings about traveling in China.
INCLUDEPICTURE "Structurallll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "Structurallll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 1.Many so-called super apps that most Chinese use for every aspect of daily life, from digital payments to ride hailing to ordering at restaurants—can now be linked to international credit cards, not just Chinese ones.
[分析]　句中that引导定语从句，修饰super apps。[翻译]　许多被大多数中国人用于日常生活的各个方面的所谓超级应用程序(从数字支付到叫车服务再到在餐厅点餐)，现在可以与国际信用卡相关联，而不仅仅是中国的信用卡了。2.Walking along the Bund, Shanghai's historic waterfront area, Maeline Lachaud and Nadia Hofmann, both Swiss university students, said they had linked their credit cards to mobile payment apps while traveling through Xi'an, Chongqing and now Shanghai.[分析]　句中“Walking along...waterfront area”是动词-ing形式作状语；“Shanghai's historic waterfront area”作“the Bund”的同位语，“both Swiss university students”作“Maeline Lachaud and Nadia Hofmann”的同位语；“they had linked...now Shanghai”是省略引导词的宾语从句，其中while引导时间状语从句的省略。[翻译]　两位瑞士大学生迈琳·拉科杜和娜迪亚·霍夫曼在沿着上海历史悠久的滨水区——外滩漫步。她们表示，在西安、重庆以及现在所在的上海旅行期间，她们已经将信用卡绑定到了移动支付应用程序上。
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "品读经典名著选粹LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "品读经典名著选粹LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P68]))
Life on the Island
Excerpt from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
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聪明顽皮的汤姆·索亚与好友们扮演成海盗，为摆脱枯燥无味的功课、虚伪的教义和呆板的生活环境而离家出走。他们在杰克逊岛上追逐、嬉戏打闹的情景，充分展现了他们对自由自在、无拘无束的生活的向往。
When Tom woke up, he didn't recognize① where② he was. It took him a few seconds③ to remember that he and his friends had run away. It was nice waking up outside, among the trees and the animals④. Tom could hear the birds, both far and near, talking to each other. One bird, a Blue Jay, landed on⑤ a tree branch near the boys and looked at them curiously⑥. It seemed as though this were⑦ the first time it had ever seen human beings before.
At the same time, Tom noticed how⑧ similar⑨ animals and insects were to human beings. Some were busy working, some were eating, and some were playing. This made Tom want to play, so he woke the other boys and they all ran into the river to swim and clean themselves up for the day. While⑩ they were playing, they noticed that the river had carried away their boat.
But this didn't bother any of them. They had everything they needed. They built another fire and then Tom and Huck went fishing. Joe was the cook, so he just rested until they returned with the fish. After breakfast, they all rested around the fire and it was agreed that this had been the best breakfast they'd ever eaten. Once their energy had returned, they wandered around the island for a while and then played some more in the river.
At lunch time, Joe cooked up some meat for everyone, and they sat around the fire talking for a while. They were happy all morning, but once they sat down to rest and the talking stopped, they started to feel differently.
They began to think of their homes and this made them feel a little sad and lonely . But they didn't talk about these feelings with each other for fear that they'd be laughed at . Then there suddenly came a loud noise from the direction of the village. They all jumped up and ran to the edge of the island to see what it might have been. On their way to the shore they heard the loud noise again. Through the trees they could see a riverboat full of people. It was the boat that people used to cross the river everyday. But it wasn't being used for that purpose now. It wasn't crossing the river; it was going down the river.
“Hey, I think they're looking for someone who's drowned! They're shooting that big gun to try and get the body to rise to the top of the water, just like they did last year when they found Bill Turner's body，” shouted Huckleberry.
“You're right, Huck. But I think we're the ones they believe to be drowned，” said Tom.
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①recognize v．认出；意识到
②此处为where引导宾语从句。
③second [熟词生义] n．秒
④此处为it作形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。
⑤land on着陆在；降落在
⑥curiously adv.好奇地
⑦此处为as though引导表语从句的虚拟语气。
⑧此处为how引导宾语从句。
⑨similar adj.相似的
⑩此处为while引导时间状语从句。
carry away 卷走，冲走
bother v．困扰
此处为until引导时间状语从句。
此处为it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。
energy n．能量
wander around闲逛
此处为once引导时间状语从句。
lonely adj.孤独的
for fear that 生怕
laugh at 嘲笑
此处为副词then置于句首的完全倒装句。
edge n．边缘
此处为what引导宾语从句。
此处为强调句型。
purpose n．目的
look for 寻找
drown v．溺死
shoot v．射击
此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
die down 逐渐消失
probably adv.可能地
Suddenly, the three boys started to feel great. The village must be terribly sad. Just to see all of those people looking for them on the boat, it made them realize how important they were to their village. All of those sad feelings they'd had a few minutes ago were now forgotten. It was great being a pirate again.
When night came, the boats went back to the village and the boys went back to their fire. They all agreed that this had been a great day. It felt good to be missed. They wondered what the people of the village might be saying about them right now. They talked and laughed a lot thinking about this. But soon their laughter died down and they began to think about how this probably wasn't very funny for the people in the village, especially for their families. Then Joe looked up from the fire and said: “Maybe we should think about going back.”
“Don't be silly, Joe.” Tom said, laughing. “Yeah, don't be silly.” Huck repeated. Soon, both Joe and Huckleberry were sleeping. Tom, however, had other plans. He left a note for both of them, putting one in Joe's hat and the other in his pocket so he'd find it easily, and then he ran toward the river.Period 2　Grammar and usage
动词不定式(短语)作定语和结果状语
INCLUDEPICTURE "YLBXS美文诵读2LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "YLBXS美文诵读2LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "要义详析探究语法LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "要义详析探究语法LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P46]))
动词不定式(短语)具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保留动词的某些特点，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语和状语。本单元重点讲解动词不定式(短语)作定语和结果状语的用法。
一、动词不定式(短语)作定语
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(1)(教材P20)I was staying in Atlanta, and that was one of the cities to be hit.
我当时住在亚特兰大，那是被袭击的城市之一。
(2)(外研必修二U3)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
足球是一项踢起来如此简单的运动，这或许是它得以流行起来的基础。
(3)(外研必修二U3)What's more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate: it does not require words, but everyone understands it.
此外，足球已经成为人们最佳的交流方式之一：无须语言，但人人都能明白。
(4)(外研必修二U3)World War Ⅰ had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together—one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了，但英国和德国的士兵还能放下他们的枪，一起踢足球——这是多年冲突期间值得纪念的和平时刻。
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1．动词不定式(短语)作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词后面，表示将来还未发生的动作。通常动词不定式(短语)与该名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。当动词不定式(短语)与其所修饰的词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时，如果该不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后需要加上适当的介词。
2．序数词、形容词最高级或the last/the only/the next等后常用动词不定式(短语)作定语。
3．抽象名词ability、chance、opportunity、belief、way、right、courage、decision、hope、wish、dream等后常用动词不定式(短语)作定语。
二、动词不定式(短语)作结果状语
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(1)(教材P20)That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, only to hear that a hurricane was on its way.
那天早上，我打开电视看一些当地新闻，却听到飓风就要来了。
(2)(教材P20)When the wind and rain stopped, I looked out of the window, only to see huge trees lying across the street and water everywhere.
当风和雨停了的时候，我看了看窗外，只看到巨大的树木横躺在街道对面，到处都是水。
(3)(外研必修二U3)It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
它充满乐趣，能够吸引数百万人。
(4)The voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
这次航行太危险、太困难了，我们无法全部乘小船离开。
(5)If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓住我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
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1．动词不定式(短语)作结果状语时往往含有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中“不好的或使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。动词不定式(短语)之前有时可以加上only或but only，以加强语气。
2．动词不定式(短语)作结果状语时，常用于一些特定的句型结构中：
too...to do...　　 　太……而不能做……
so/such...as to do... 如此……以至于做……
...enough to do... 足够……做……
never to do... 再也不做……
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1．现在分词短语作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果。
*Jack has made great progress, making his parents very happy.　杰克取得了很大的进步，这让他的父母很高兴。
2．动词不定式在句中除了作结果状语外，还可用来表示目的及原因等。
(1)作目的状语时，常置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气，常与in order或so as组成短语(so as to do...不置于句首)。
(2)作原因状语时，常见于“sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do...”结构中。
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P48]))
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I'm sorry to__take(take) up so much of your valuable time.
2．I am honoured to__be__invited(invite) to give you a lecture here.
3．The plum trees are the first to__flower(flower) even as the snow is melting.
4．His ability to__get(get) on well with people is his chief advantage.
5．However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra to__benefit(benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense.
6．These courses offer us opportunities to__improve(improve) our abilities to appreciate art.
7．Yesterday I went to see her, only to__learn(learn) that she had gone abroad a week before.
8．In many homes in the UK, the first person to__wake(wake) up has to make tea for the family.
9．The airport to__be__completed(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
10．We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to__develop(develop) and grow.
11．Carol was happy that she had the chance to__experience(experience) the life in the city.
Ⅱ.写出下列句子中不定式的语法功能
1．Have you got anything to say at the meeting？作定语
2．The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child.作结果状语
3．The whole family came out to see my performance.作目的状语
4．The best way to learn English is practice.作定语
5．You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday.作原因状语
6．The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.作定语
7．The father was surprised to learn that his son spent money like water.作原因状语
8．On land with rich soil，local farmers can grow crops to make a living.作目的状语
Ⅲ.语法与写作
1．他急急忙忙赶到售票处，却被告知已经没有票了。
He hurried to the ticket office, only to__be__told__no__ticket__was__available．
2．我建议我们下周再会面以进一步讨论这个项目。
I suggest we meet again next week to__discuss__the__project__further．
3．为了帮助同学们学好英语，我们已决定为你们学校捐赠一批图书。
To__help__students__to__learn__English__better,__we have decided to donate some books to your school.
4．我写信邀请你和我们一起参加将在我们学校举办的“外国学生讲中国故事”活动。
I'm writing to invite you to join us in the “Foreign Students Tell Chinese Stories” to__be__held__in__our__school．
5．明天出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。
All the teachers to__attend__the__opening__ceremony tomorrow should wear uniforms.
6．得知美术馆下个月将举办中国画展览，我写信申请当一名志愿者。
Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month, I__am__writing__to__apply__to__become__a__volunteer．
7．去年寒假，我和父亲一起去乡下看望了我的祖父母。
During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to__visit__my__grandparents．INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[学生用书P175(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·苏州高一检测)Over the past two years, Liu Yijing, a storm chaser from Nanchang, has traveled nearly 27，000 kilometers to record storms in 11 provinces. When he was a kid, Liu liked to read popular science picture books and watch the weather forecast, becoming excited whenever he saw storms and other weather. In 2018, when playing with an old camera at home, Liu accidentally took dozens of pictures of lightning. He posted them online and received many likes, which aroused his great interest in shooting storms.
But it's never easy to shoot amazing pictures about ever-changing storms. Every time, Liu needs to find an area where storms could appear and then mark the best shooting positions, which often cover dozens of kilometers. Then, he'll find a reliable driver and carry his photographic equipment and food to wait for the storm. For shooting high-quality storms, he often puts himself in danger of being attacked by hails (冰雹) and pouring rains.
However, one thing changed his mind. One day in August 2020, Liu was shooting a pink-purple thunderstorm when a farmer came over and cried, “You, as a photographer, should care about our crops, not the damaging storms.” The farmer's words hit him as hard as any thunderstorm. “I just wanted to shoot the storm, but I never thought that what I like is a disaster for others，” Liu said. “I felt guilty and decided to do something to help more people learn about meteorology (气象学).”
Now Liu makes and posts short videos with explanations about the phenomena and the possible dangers of storms. For example, to warn people of the danger of possible hails, he marked hail cores, which often show noticeable blue colors due to large amounts of thick raindrops in the cloud, because water molecules absorb red light and scatter (散射) blue light. “Putting knowledge into shocking and lively pictures and videos is a better way to pass the knowledge to more people，” said Liu. “That's the significance and value of what I'm doing now.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了风暴追逐者刘屹靖的成长和工作经历。
1．What caused Liu to shoot storms
A．Popular science picture books.
B．His interest in taking photos.
C．His love for weather report.
D．The popularity of his pictures.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 2018, when playing with...interest in shooting storms.”可知，刘的照片受到欢迎促使他拍摄风暴。
2．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．Possible dangers of shooting storms.
B.Liu's efforts in shooting high-quality storms.
C．Requirements for being a storm chaser.
D．Liu's special skills for shooting amazing pictures.
B　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了刘在拍摄高质量风暴方面的努力。
3．How did the farmer's words change Liu
A．He chose to spread knowledge.
B．He started to care about crops.
C．He changed his way of shooting.
D．He shot storms with guilty.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容和最后一段中的“Now Liu makes and posts...the possible dangers of storms.”可知，农民的话让他选择传播知识。
4．Why does the author mention hail cores in the last paragraph
A．To explain how dangerous hails are.
B.To give an example of a sign of a hailstorm.
C.To illustrate how Liu helps people understand storms.
D．To prove Liu has a profound knowledge of meteorology.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For example, to warn people...and scatter blue light.”可知，作者在最后一段提到了冰雹核是为了说明刘是如何帮助人们理解风暴的。
B
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(2025·泰安高一检测)Meat, milk, cheese—just some of the things provided by goats. But now we can also add fire safety to this list. As wildfires damage increasingly large areas of the planet each year, goatherds (牧羊人) may offer a way of reducing the risk.
Wildfires are made possible by hot, dry weather conditions as well as a supply of dead plants that serve as fuel. We may have limited control over the former factor, but we can control the latter. Reducing the fuel load lowers the possibility of wildfires occurring, as well as the amount of damage caused. This is where we can turn to goats to search for a solution. Goats are being used for landscape management in a number of places around the world, including Greece, Spain, Portugal, Chile and a number of parts of the United States.
Goats have an extremely powerful digestive (消化的) system. Many kinds of plants that are dangerous to other animals can be easily eaten by goats. It's not just fully-grown plants that goats are able to deal with: Any seeds that pass through a goat can't survive and will not grow. Human clearance teams have to worry about getting to the hard-to-reach places where plants grow but goats don't. They are skilled mountain climbers and when standing on their hind legs, they can reach up to two metres to the plants that humans would struggle to reach. Because of this, using goats can reduce both the possibility of workplace accidents and the amount of money spent on fire protection measures. Goatherds have been found to clear some parts of land for a third of the price of human control teams.
Cost and safety aren't the only benefits. Goats are quieter than grass-cutting machines and people usually prefer to see goats eating grass rather than litres of herbicide (除草剂). Children are often attracted to see the goats at work and this provides an opportunity to educate people about preventing wildfires.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们利用山羊来清除引起火灾的枯死植物，从而预防野火。
5．Why can goats help to prevent wildfires
A．They are not afraid of bad weather.
B．They are easily controlled by goatherds.
C．They have the strongest digestive system.
D．They can remove dead plants causing fire.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，山羊可以帮助防止野火，因为它们可以清除引起火灾的枯死植物。
6．What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A．The fire protection measures that people often take.
B．The reasons why goats are used to prevent wildfires.
C．The difficulty human clearance teams have preventing fire.
D．The effects goats have on the natural balance of mountains.
B　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要介绍了用山羊来防止野火的原因。
7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Herbicide will not be used to remove grass soon.
B．Children like goats because of their quiet character.
C．It's a green way to prevent wildfires by using goats.
D.Herbicide works better than grass-cutting machines.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Goats are quieter than grass-cutting machines...rather than litres of herbicide.”可知，用山羊来防止野火是一种绿色的方式。
8．Which can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Firefighting Goats
B．Clever Goatherds
C．Damage Caused by Wildfires
D．Ways to Prevent Disasters
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了人们利用山羊来清除引起火灾的枯死植物，从而预防野火，A项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你校最近开展了“创建平安校园”活动，本周谈论的主题是“发生地震时如何保护自己”。请你以“Earthquake Safety Guidelines”为题写一份安全指南。内容包括：
1.地震来临前，做好充分准备，装备好救生包，里面有手电筒、饮用水、食物和急救包；
2.地震来临时，不要惊慌。如果在室外，请远离大树、高楼等。如果在室内，要尽量躲在桌子等坚固的家具下面，并注意保护好头部、颈部。逃生时千万不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：救生包(emergency kit)；手电筒(flashlight)
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Earthquake Safety Guidelines
Earthquake is unexpected and can break out anytime. However，read these tips on earthquake safety, and you can survive.
Things to do before an earthquake：
·Have an emergency kit filled with flashlights, drinking water, food and a first-aid kit in your home.
·Be sure to plan escape routes and make sense of your environment.
Things to do during an earthquake：
·When you are indoors, get under a strong table with a cushion protecting your head and neck.
·When you are outdoors, try to get into an open area which is away from trees, buildings and walls.
Things not to do during an earthquake：
·Don't be nervous and keep calm.
·Never use the lift.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the way home from school, my friend, Cherry, happily said，“Tomorrow is Mother's Day. I've been saving up for the past month and planning to buy my mother the perfume (香水) she's been wanting for so long.” Her words made me realize that I hadn't prepared anything special yet. I only had a little money left. I began to regret spending so much on snacks every day. “See you next week！” Cherry's voice interrupted my thoughts. We waved goodbye as she went into a perfume shop.
I continued walking along the road, carefully thinking about what gift I should choose. I had planned to buy things like flowers or chocolate, but now it seemed like those were too simple. Therefore, I pushed the door to a mall open and tried to find a perfect gift. The bright lights lit up a variety of goods. I picked up a lipstick (口红) but immediately put it back after seeing its price. I could never afford that! Then I walked into another shop and saw a lovely cup. I picked it up and turned it over to see the list price, hoping it was not too expensive. But once again, I couldn't afford it even with all the money that I had. Feeling sad, I continued to wander around the shops. Time flew by quickly, and before I knew it, the sky began to darken, so I had to go home.
Since there was no time or money for me to pick out a gift, I decided to make a simple card. When I finished, the clock on my bedroom wall struck eleven. I held up the card, examining its cover, the handwritten letter and the tiny pictures I'd drawn of my mother and me.“It is probably never going to compare with the expensive gifts that my friends buy for their mothers.” I thought sadly.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Soon, morning came, and it was time to give my mother my handmade card._______________________________________________________
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“I love this card！” my mother said excitedly.________________
___________________________________________________________
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One possible version:
Soon, morning came, and it was time to give my mother my handmade card. With my heart pounding, I approached her and shyly handed her the card. She took it from my trembling hands and opened it carefully. As she read the words and looked at the little drawings, her eyes began to sparkle with tears. I anxiously waited for her reaction, hoping that she would understand the love and effort I had put into it. My mother's face lit up with excitement, and she pulled me into her arms. “This is beautiful，” she whispered. “It's perfect.”
“I love this card！” my mother said excitedly. She held it close to her chest, as if it had been a priceless treasure. I was surprised to see how much she liked the simple card. “But it's not expensive or special，” I said. “The card that you made yourself means more to me than any store-bought gift ever could，” she said, her voice full of emotion. I felt a wave of relief and joy wash over me. At that moment, I realized that the true value of a gift lies in the thought and love behind it, not its price. I finally smiled and hugged her tightly, feeling proud and happy.INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[学生用书P62]
遭遇文化差异，意外结交好友
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心理描写是塑造角色、推动情节发展的关键，通常用来展现故事中角色的思想、感情、动机和性格。恰当有效的心理描写不仅能够顺承原文的情感变化和心理状态，还能够引起共鸣。
常见的有效心理描写方式如下：
1．形容词(短语)作状语
?人与自我
*Determined, he took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage to deliver his speech.
他下定决心，深吸一口气，走上台发表演讲。
?人与社会
*Confused and anxious, she stood alone in the crowded station, wondering how to get to the community center.
她既困惑又焦虑，独自站在拥挤的车站里，想知道如何去社区中心。
?人与自然
*Amazed and excited, Henri stopped to observe the rare bird resting on the branch of an old tree.
亨利既惊喜又激动，停下来观察那只栖息在老树枝上的珍稀鸟类。
2．with＋情绪名词
?人与自我
*He sat quietly in the corner, his hands trembling slightly with nervousness before the final exam.
期末考试前，他静静地坐在角落，双手因紧张而微微颤抖。
?人与社会
*When the teacher announced her name as the winner, she smiled with pride, her eyes shining brightly.
当老师宣布她是获胜者时，她自豪地笑了，眼睛闪闪发光。
?人与自然
*As the storm approached, the little rabbit hid under the bush with fear, its ears flattened against its head.
暴风雨来临时，小兔子害怕地躲在灌木丛下，耳朵贴在头上。
3．to one's＋情绪名词
?人与自我
*To his relief, he finally managed to solve the difficult math problem after hours of thinking.
令他欣慰的是，经过几个小时的思考，他终于成功解出了那道数学难题。
?人与社会
*To her satisfaction, all the neighbors joined hands to help clean up the park after the storm.
令她满意的是，暴风雨后所有邻居都联手帮忙清理公园。
?人与自然
*To her delight, the seedling she'd planted in spring finally burst into a cluster of tiny pink flowers, swaying softly in the breeze.
令她欣喜的是，她春天种下的幼苗终于绽放出一簇簇在微风中轻轻摇曳的粉色小花。
4．无生命名词作主语
?人与自我
*Courage and confidence grew in her heart as she practiced the piano day by day.
随着她日复一日地练习钢琴，她的心中渐渐充满勇气和信心。
?人与社会
*Happiness and laughter filled the room as the children celebrated their team's victory.
孩子们庆祝队伍获胜时，房间里充满了快乐和欢笑。
?人与自然
*A sense of pure joy takes hold of me tightly when I observe a group of butterflies fluttering gracefully among the wildflowers.
当我看到一群蝴蝶在野花间优雅地飞舞时，一种纯粹的喜悦感紧紧地攫住了我。
5．“so...that...”句型
?人与自我
*He was so focused on his painting that he didn't notice the sun had set.
他如此全神贯注地画画，以至于没注意到太阳已经落山了。
?人与社会
*The story was so moving that many audience couldn't hold back their tears.
这个故事如此感人，以至于很多观众都忍不住流下了眼泪。
?人与自然
*Hiking through the lush meadow filled with colorful wildflowers was so enjoyable that I couldn't help but smile from ear to ear.
徒步穿过长满五彩缤纷野花的茂盛草地是如此令人愉快，以至于我忍不住咧嘴大笑。
6．增加细节描写代替概括描写(独立主格结构)
?人与自我
*When she found her lost book, she hugged it tightly to her chest, tears of joy rolling down her cheeks.
当她找到丢失的书时，她紧紧地把它抱在胸前，喜悦的泪水顺着脸颊滚落。
?人与社会
*Upon hearing the good news of Teddy's recovery, his father jumped up from the chair, a big smile spreading across his face.
一听到泰迪康复的好消息，他的爸爸从椅子上跳了起来，脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容。
?人与自然
*At the sight of the beautiful rainbow over the valley, she stood still, her mouth open in wonder.
一看到横跨山谷的美丽彩虹，她一动不动地站着，惊讶得张大了嘴巴。
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]When Rosa was still a young girl, her parents decided to send her from their home in Tehran, Iran, to live with her aunt in London, England.
[2]The journey was long, and as she flew to England, Rosa spent much of the time imagining what her new life would be like. She was determined to do well at school and make her parents proud.
[3]However, when she arrived at the airport in London, it was not quite as she had imagined at all. Worst of all was the feeling that everybody was looking at her with strange eyes. Rosa noticed with surprise that she was the only one wearing a scarf.
[4]London proved to be a very strange and unfamiliar place. It rained constantly every day during the first week, and Rosa was unimpressed with what she thought was British summertime. Despite being told that her English was good, she struggled to understand people's accents and slang (俚语). The young girl felt disappointed with her new surroundings and she missed her family and friends dearly.
[5]When the day came for Rosa to go to her new school, she was extremely nervous. Her aunt tried to comfort her, saying, “I'm sure you'll make lots of friends today. You just wait and see.” But things didn't go as smoothly as her aunt had hoped, at least not initially. Some girls in her class pointed and laughed at her, showing no interest in befriending the new girl. Feeling so different from everyone else, Rosa wished she could be back home with her family.
[6]During a lunch break, as Rosa sat alone in the corner of the playground, thinking how to escape back to Tehran, a young girl named Emily approached her. She introduced herself, shared her milkshake with Rosa, and said, “I think your scarf looks cool.” In return for her kindness, Rosa took out four biscuits from her pocket and shared them with Emily. Soon the two were lost in games, running about in the corner of the playground. They exchanged stories—Rosa told Emily all about life in Tehran, and Emily told Rosa about all of the cool things she could do in London.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
As the days went by, Rosa and Emily became good friends.____________________________________________________
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One day, Emily invited Rosa to the family picnic in the park._______________________________________________________
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INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 一审——审要素
【When & Where】
[1]When Rosa was still a__young__girl,__her parents decided to send her from their home in Tehran, Iran, to live with her aunt in London,__England．
【Who】
Rosa, Rosa's aunt,__Emily
【What & Why】
[2]...as she flew to England, Rosa spent much of the time imagining what__her__new__life__would__be__like．
[3]However, when she arrived at the airport in London, it was not__quite__as__she__had__imagined__at__all．
[4]Despite being told that her English was good, she struggled__to__understand people's accents and slang.
[5]But things didn't go as smoothly as her aunt had hoped, at least not initially. Some girls in her class pointed__and__laughed__at her, showing no interest in befriending the new girl.
[6]...a young girl named Emily approached her. She introduced herself, shared her milkshake with Rosa, and said, “I think your scarf looks cool.” In return for her kindness,__Rosa took out four__biscuits from her pocket and shared them with Emily.
【How】
[2]She was determined to do well at school and make her parents proud.
[3]Rosa noticed with__surprise that she was the only one wearing a scarf.
[4]London proved to be a very strange and unfamiliar place.
[4]The young girl felt disappointed with her new surroundings and she missed her family and friends dearly.
[5]When the day came for Rosa to go to her new school, she was extremely nervous．
[6]Soon the two were__lost__in games, running about in the corner of the playground.
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 二定——定主题：正能量原则
With the kindness and friendliness from Emily, Rosa felt that London was her__second__home．
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根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did Emily do
[Answer] She__helped__Rosa__get__used__to__the__new__life.
[Question 2] How did Rosa's life change
[Answer] The__other__students__began__to__accept__Rosa.
[Question 3] How did Rosa feel？(和第二段段首句衔接)
[Answer] She__no__longer__cried__about__missing__home__but__began__to__share__interesting__things__at__school.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] How did Rosa feel and what did Rosa prepare
[Answer] She__was__excited__but__a__little__nervous.__She__prepared__some__traditional__Iranian__foods.
[Question 2] What did Emily's families do during the picnic
[Answer] They__welcomed__Rosa__and__chatted__happily__with__Rosa.
[Question 3] What moral would the story express
[Answer] With__the__kindness__and__friendliness__from__Emily,__Rosa__felt__that__London__was__her__second__home.
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 四成文——梳理思路，完成正文
特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
As the days went by, Rosa and Emily became good friends.____________________________________________________
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One day, Emily invited Rosa to the family picnic in the park._______________________________________________________
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One possible version：
As the days went by, Rosa and Emily became good friends. Emily helped Rosa get used to the new school life—she explained the slang that confused Rosa, showed her around the campus, and even introduced her to the other students.(微情节一：艾米莉帮助罗莎适应新的学校生活) Slowly, the other students stopped staring at Rosa's scarf and started to talk to her. Rosa's English improved day by day, and she found herself laughing at Emily's jokes about London's weather. She even began to enjoy the rain, jumping in puddles with Emily after school.(微情节二：其他同学慢慢接受了罗莎，罗莎也积极融入新生活) At night, when she called her parents, she no longer cried about missing home but began to share stories of her new friends and interesting things at school.(微情节三：罗莎不再因想家而哭泣，而是主动与父母分享学校生活)
One day, Emily invited Rosa to the family picnic in the park. Rosa was excited but a little nervous—she had never been to a British picnic before. She made some traditional Iranian foods with her aunt and wrapped them carefully in a cloth.(微情节一：罗莎为野餐提前准备传统的伊朗美食) When she arrived, Emily's families welcomed her warmly. During the picnic, Emily's mom asked Rosa about her life in Tehran, and Rosa talked about the sunny days, the busy markets, and her grandma's cooking. Emily's little brother even asked if he could try on her scarf, making everyone laugh.(微情节二：罗莎受到艾米莉一家的热情款待) As the sun set, Rosa felt warmth in her heart—London, once strange and lonely, was starting to feel like a second home.(微情节三：伦敦开始成为罗莎的第二个家)单元过关检测(二)[学生用书P235(单独成册)]
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How much is a concert ticket for a child
A．$2.　　　B．$4.　　　C．$8.
2．Where is the man probably going now
A．A gift shop.
B．His brother's house.
C．The Children's Center.
3．What will Sam do tonight
A．Attend a party.
B．Fly to Tokyo.
C．Have a meeting.
4．Why did the man choose the guitar
A．He needs a cheap instrument.
B．He wants to be like his friends.
C．He thinks it is cool to play the guitar.
5．How long is the lunchtime in the Chinese restaurant
A．2 hours.
B．2.5 hours.
C．3 hours.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、7题。
6．What does Bill often do on Friday night
A．Visit his parents.
B．Go to the movies.
C．Walk along Broadway.
7．Who watches musical plays most often
A．Bill.
B．Sarah.
C．Bill's parents.
听第7段材料， 回答第8至10题。
8．Who is sleeping on the floor
A．Timmy.
B．James.
C．Serena.
9．What does James need
A．A pillow.
B．A towel.
C．A glass of water.
10．What will Serena do tomorrow morning
A．Make breakfast.
B．Walk her dog.
C．Take a shower.
听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题。
11．Which movie did the man just see
A．Iron Man.
B．Spiderman.
C．Black Panther.
12．How does the woman probably feel about the movie
A．It sounds very real.
B．It doesn't interest her.
C．It will become her favourite.
13．What did the writer of the movie want to do
A．Make people love East Africa.
B．Give a real history of East Africa.
C．Explore what it meant to be African.
听第9段材料， 回答第14至17题。
14．What month is it now
A．July.
B．August.
C．September.
15．What is the woman going to do this September
A．Start teaching.
B．Join a club.
C．Go to college.
16．Where did the woman teach children before
A．In Prague.
B．In London.
C．In Manchester.
17．What does the woman's father probably think of her being a teacher
A．Satisfying.
B．Unwise.
C．Strange.
听第10段材料， 回答第18至20题。
18．Why did the reader feel lonely
A.Because she had trouble with her studies.
B．Because her best friend wasn't around.
C.Because she was unable to look after herself.
19．What is the speaker trying to do
A．Introduce a class.
B．Share experiences.
C．Give suggestions.
20．Whom is this passage written for
A．Teachers.
B．Parents.
C．Students.
答案：1～5.BABAB　6～10.BBACB
11～15.CBCAC　16～20.ABBCC
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Concert tickets are 8 dollars for adults, half price for children. ①
W：OK. I'd like one adult ticket and two children tickets, please.
(Text 2)
W：Why are you in such a hurry
M：Tomorrow is Children's Day, but I haven't got a gift for my brother.②
(Text 3)
W：Sam, could you come to the party
M：I'd love to, but I'll fly to Tokyo on business tonight.③ I'll attend some meetings there in the next few days.
(Text 4)
M：I decided to learn the guitar! I've always wanted to play music, and the guitar is interesting.
W：Cool! But why did you pick that instrument
M：All my friends play the violin, and I want to be different. The piano sounds good but is too expensive. The guitar is perfect！④
(Text 5)
M：I'd like to try some Chinese food today.
W：The Chinese restaurant is on the second floor.
M：What are the hours at the restaurant
W：Breakfast 7：00 to 9：00; lunch 11：30 to 2：00；⑤ dinner 6：30 to 9：30.
(Text 6)
W：So Bill, what do you usually do on the weekend
M：I often go to the movies with friends on Friday night.⑥ How about you, Sarah
W：Well, I love seeing musical plays on Broadway with my friends.⑦ Have you been to many
M：Not really. I saw one when I moved to New York and another when my parents came to visit, but none ever since.
(Text 7)
W：I'm so happy you could come for a visit, James.
M：I am too, Serena.
W：I'm sorry you're sleeping on the sofa, though.
M：I don't mind. Grandma is comfortable in the guest room, and Timmy is happy sleeping on the floor.⑧
W：Do you need anything More pillows A towel
M: How about a glass of water
W: Sure！⑨
M：After I take a shower in the morning, I'll make breakfast for everyone.
W：Great! I usually get up early to take the dog for a walk.⑩ I'll be back by 8：00.
M：I'll have it ready by then. I hope you like pancakes!
W：Sounds delicious.
(Text 8)
M：Do you know what movie I just saw
W：No, which one
M：Black Panther.
W：What is the movie about
M：Well, it's about a kingdom in East Africa. The king has super powers that make him like a wild animal, which is like a lion. The movie is about the Marvel Comics character. You know, like Iron Man and Spiderman...
W：Right. They keep making movies about those comic books. So, is it a good movie
M：I've seen all of them, and this one is my favourite. You really should see it.
W：I would be more interested in reading a book on East Africa.
M：I still think you would probably like this movie.The writer and director of Black Panther said he wanted the movie to explore what it meant to be African. Even though it takes place in a made-up country, it still feels real.
(Text 9)
M：Hi, Kathy, when are you going back to London
W：I'm going back on the 30th of July. Four weeks from today， I'll be on the plane, on my way home.
M：When you go home, what are you going to do
W：Ah, in September I'm going back to college because I want to be a primary school teacher in Manchester， so I have to do a one-year-course to qualify and then hopefully I'll start teaching next September back in Manchester.
M：It sounds like you like kids very much.
W：Yeah, when I worked in Prague I taught some children classes and I really, really enjoyed them， so hopefully I will like it in Manchester as well.
M：What made you decide to become a teacher
W：I'm not really sure because my father was a teacher and he's really trying hard to talk me out of doing it because he thinks it has too much work， but I enjoy talking to people and being around children and teaching, so hopefully it will be nice for me.
(Text 10)
W：A reader wrote in to say that she was feeling left out at break because her best friend wasn't around. Here's our advice to her, and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.
It's hard when a best friend isn't around, maybe because she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends. But how do you make new friends Maybe it seems like everybody else already has their friends. But remember, there's always room for more friends.
Start by looking around your classroom —thinking about which kids you'd like to play with at break. Look for chances to say “hi” to them, smile and be friendly. Offer to share something with or express your appreciation to them, invite someone to play with you or say “Do you want to sit here？” at lunchtime. If you have trouble doing this or if you're feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help, and pretty soon you'll have one, or two, or even more new friends.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four of the World's Natural Disasters
The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By flood，typhoon or earthquake, these events have collectively taken millions of human lives.
Yangtze River Flood
The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan.The flood affected more than 50 million people.Government organizations，including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster.
Typhoon Nina
Typhoon Nina struck Henan Province of China in August 1975.The typhoon caused a serious dam(水坝) failure，and more than 150，000 people were dead or injured.According to reports, at least 26，000 people died in the floods.About 145，000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine(饥荒).The number of people affected by the disaster was more than 10，000，000.
Kashmir Earthquake
On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Kashmir region.The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.6, followed by many aftershocks，landslides，and falling rocks.The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction (建筑) in the affected areas.In Kashmir at least 79，000 people were killed, and more than 32，000 buildings broke down.
Haitian Earthquake
At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti.The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.0 and was followed by aftershocks that registered magnitudes of 5.9 and 5.5.Another aftershock of magnitude 5.9 struck on January 20.There has been a debate about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200，000-300，000 people died.Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上四次重大自然灾害的相关情况。
21．Which natural disaster caused the most deaths
A．Yangtze River Flood.
B．Typhoon Nina.
C．Kashmir Earthquake.
D．Haitian Earthquake.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Yangtze River Flood部分中的“Government organizations...3.7 million people died in this disaster.”可知，导致死亡人数最多的应是长江洪水。
22．What made the situation in Kashmir more serious
A．The serious aftershocks.
B．The diseases after earthquake.
C．The continuous falling rocks.
D．The low construction quality.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据Kashmir Earthquake部分中的“The seriousness of the damage...poor construction in the affected areas.”可知，劣质的建筑使得克什米尔的情况更加糟糕。
23．What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti
A．It had many secondary disasters.
B．It happened in the hottest season.
C．It had a debatable death number.
D．It happened only once and for all.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据Haitian Earthquake部分中的“There has been a debate about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake”可知，关于这次地震造成的死亡人数是有争议的。
B
Tommy Rhomberg was a twelve-year-old young boy in Iowa. Last summer, his home state was destroyed by Great__Derecho. He soon came up with a creative idea to raise money for his community by making and selling baseball bats out of wood brought down by the storm.
The idea for the bats originally began as Tommy prepared a birthday gift for his friend. Then many others expressed interest in owning Great Derecho bats of their own. At first, Tommy didn't take it seriously, but since so many people in the area needed help after the storm, he determined to make a difference to them.
The first bat took Tommy 10 hours to carve and sand (用砂纸打磨) out of a tree branch that had fallen in his yard. With blisters (水疱) on his hands, Tommy had to refuse his brother's request for making another bat. But as he began receiving more orders, he streamlined the process with a machine with the help of his grandfather. Tommy promised $20 from each order would go to the local disaster relief fund to rebuild the community.
When asked why he started the “bat business”， Tommy replied, “We got kind of lucky with the storm. We didn't have much damage, but just driving around town, I saw people whose houses were destroyed, and I just wanted to raise money so we could help them rebuild. I feel like it's really helping people.”
Tommy has made more than 100 bats, raising more than $2，500 to help out his community, and orders have come in from as far as Arizona and Connecticut. Tommy is not taking additional orders at the moment, but it's possible that he'll make more bats in the future, according to his website.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了12岁的汤米·隆伯格通过制作棒球棒来为被风暴摧毁的社区筹集资金的故事。
24．What do the underlined words “Great Derecho” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．A place. B．A person.
C．A storm. D．An idea.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“He soon came up with a creative idea...brought down by the storm.”可知，汤米·隆伯格的家乡被风暴摧毁了。故画线词意为“风暴”。
25．Why did Tommy make the first bat
A．His brother asked him to make one.
B．His grandfather suggested producing one.
C．He wanted to give his friend a gift.
D．He was interested in playing baseball.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The idea for the bats...a birthday gift for his friend.”可知，汤米做了第一个棒球棒，因为他想给他的朋友一个礼物。
26．What did Tommy do for the community
A．He collected the wood.
B．He donated money.
C．He rebuilt the school.
D．He repaired the machine.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Tommy has made more than...to help out his community”可知，汤米为社区捐了钱。
27．What can we learn from the story
A．Well begun is half done.
B．Don't judge a book by its cover.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D．Little people can make a big difference.
D　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，12岁的汤米·隆伯格通过制作棒球棒来为被风暴摧毁的社区筹集资金。由此可推知，故事告诉我们小人物可以大有作为。
C
Lightning (闪电) strikes more than eight million times a day worldwide.That's about 93 times per second.What a phenomenon!
How hot is a lightning bolt About 50，000°F—five times hotter than the surface of the Sun.Yes，it really can rain frogs，fish，and other decidedly odd things.It's a rare meteorological (气象学的) event，but scientists say strong winds from a tornado or from a storm can be powerful enough to drive animals and objects high into the air, and they have to come down eventually.
It is a bad idea to take a shower during a thunderstorm.If lightning hits your house，it can travel through your plumbing (管道设备) and shock anyone who comes into contact with water flowing through it.People have been shocked or killed while bathing，washing dishes and clothes.This is also why indoor pools often close during storms.Rubber tires are not what protect you from lightning when you're in your car.You're protected because when lightning hits a car，it travels around the outside of the metal structure to get to the ground.Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside.
Lightning can strike the same place twice—and it often does, especially objects that are tall，pointy, and separated.The Empire State Building，for example，is hit almost 100 times a year，according to the CDC.
You can be struck by lightning even when it's not raining.About 10 percent of lightning strikes take place when there's no rainfall.In the 1980s，NASA flew one airplane through 1，496 thunderstorms.It was struck by lightning more than 700 times.Today，a commercial airplane will be hit by lightning about once a year on average，typically with no ill effects.It has been decades since a U．S.airliner has crashed as a result of a lightning strike.
To deal with such a frequent phenomenon，every day，twice a day，weather trackers，at the same time, launch giant balloons from almost 900 locations worldwide.The balloons measure above ground weather data such as temperature，humidity(湿气), and wind speed, and they provide vital information that meteorologists use to make forecasts and predict lightning.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了闪电的发生频率、温度、影响，以及人们在雷暴期间应该注意的事项等。
28．What can lightning lead to according to the passage
A．Burning everything.
B．Raining animals.
C．Shocking everybody outdoors.
D．Hitting an object for once.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Yes，it really can rain frogs，fish，and other decidedly odd things.”可知，闪电会导致动物从空中下落。
29．What can we do during a lightning strike
A．Take a bath at home.
B．Swim in a pool.
C．Avoid metal things.
D．Stand under a tall tree.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside.”可知，闪电发生的时候，要避免触碰金属。
30．What can be inferred from the passage
A．No sign of rainfall means no lightning.
B．Efforts have been made to keep aircraft safe.
C．Commercial planes can escape lightning hits.
D.The Empire State Building faces most lightning strikes.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，已做出了许多努力以保证飞机的安全。
31．What reduces the damage of a lightning strike
A．Lightning location.
B．Measurement balloons.
C．Changing wind direction.
D．Weather forecast and prediction.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The balloons measure...and predict lightning.”可推知，天气预报和预测闪电能够减少雷击造成的伤害。
D
Predicting extreme weather events is a challenging business. Changing climate conditions have increased the frequency of severe storms, floods, and heatwaves, along with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for more accurate forecasts that help to reduce damage and save lives.
Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have worked together with meteorologists (气象学家) to analyze more than 50，000 weather satellite images to quickly identify storms. They found comma-shaped (逗点状的) cloud formations that often lead to severe weather such as high winds and puters were then taught using computer vision and machine learning to automatically detect these clouds from satellite images, with almost 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute.
By refocusing meteorologists' attention on potential storm cloud formations, the AI tool helped predict 64 percent of severe weather events and beat established detection systems. Senior meteorologist Steve Wistar said it let forecasters find storm formations in a sea of cloud data. “The calling of our business is to save lives and protect property, ” he said. “The more advance notice we give to people that would be affected by a storm, the better we're providing that service.”
Using AI techniques generates highly accurate and inexpensive forecasts for hours or days ahead. Negative impacts from climate change on weather are being felt everywhere. The US National Climate Assessment says frequent severe events will affect communities across the nation. There were 20 billion-dollar weather disaster events in 2021 alone, including wildfires, winter storms, floods, and tornadoes. “And average costs associated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980，” said Renny Vandewege, a company's vice president of weather operations. “These have costly impacts on cities' basic services, housing, human livelihoods, and health. AI helps us to calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们正在使用人工智能技术进行更加精准的极端天气预测，以帮助减少损失、挽救更多的生命。
32．Why do scientists use AI techniques for extreme weather forecasts
A．To prove AI techniques' accuracy.
B．To prevent the occurrence of disasters.
C．To obtain weather satellite images.
D．To reduce impacts of disasters and save lives.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As a result...and save lives.”可知，科学家使用人工智能技术预测极端天气是为了减少损失、挽救生命。
33．What can we know from paragraphs 2 and 3
A．Most cloud formations can lead to severe weather.
B．Computers can finish its predicting task in less than a second.
C．Established detection systems help forecasters find storm formations.
D．The AI tool has better predictive power than established detection systems.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“By refocusing meteorologists' attention...beat established detection systems.”可知，人工智能工具的预测能力比早已投入使用的检测系统更好。
34．Which statement will Renny Vandewege probably agree with
A．City services should be improved at all costs.
B．AI may help people reduce the cost of living.
C．The US spends most on dealing with extreme weather.
D．AI is the only measure to predict natural disasters.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中伦尼·范德韦格说的话可推知，他可能会同意人工智能可能会帮助人们降低生活成本这一观点。
35．What is the suitable title for the passage
A．The Future Will See More Uses of AI
B.AI Has Entered Every Corner of Our Life
C．AI Helps to Predict Extreme Weather and Save Lives
D．Extreme Weather Will Claim More Lives in the Future
C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“As a result...and save lives.”可知，C项最适合作文章标题。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The number of people dying in natural disasters is lower today than it was in the past. 36.________ However, if you can keep your head and find the right place to stay when the ground starts shaking, you might be able to survive.
37．________The biggest danger is falling pieces. Since earthquakes happen suddenly without warning, you have to think quickly to stay safe. If you are indoors during an earthquake, remember：“drop, cover and hold on.”
Drop：When you feel the ground shaking or something crashing, get down on your hands and knees. 38.________ Quickly crawl (爬行) under a strong desk or table nearby. Don't try to run downstairs or walk to a safer place because you might fall. If you are in bed, stay there and cover your head with a pillow until the shaking stops.
Cover：Use one hand to cover your neck and head. 39.________ If not, move towards a wall inside the building, not the outside walls with windows. Stay on your hands and knees, keeping your hand over your neck for protection.
Hold on：Hold onto your desk or table with one hand while you keep the other over your neck and head. Be ready to move with the desk or table. 40.________　
However, if you are outside, driving or at the beach, trying to find something to hide under may not be an option.
A．This keeps you from falling over.
B.If it is not strong enough, turn to another one.
C.Earthquakes can still be destructive, though.
D．Then crawl under a desk or table if there's one close by.
E．Advanced technology provides many ways for us to stay safer.
F．Remember, don't try to move until the shaking has completely stopped.
G．The safest place during an earthquake is likely an open field with no trees around.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地震中安全逃生的方法。
36．C　解析：根据上文“The number of people...than it was in the past.”以及下文“However, if you can keep...you might be able to survive.”可推知，C项承上启下，符合语境。
37．G　解析：根据下文“The biggest danger is...‘drop, cover and hold on.’”可知，本段开始讲地震的时候在室外怎么做，然后再引出地震时在室内怎么做。G项与第二段最后一句相照应，符合语境。
38．A　解析：根据上文“When you feel the ground...your hands and knees.”可知，我们感到震动时要趴下；A项承接上文，说明趴下的好处，符合语境。
39．D　解析：根据下文“If not, move towards...outside walls with windows.”可知，空处与下文都是在假设情况，且空处应陈述“如果有……”时的做法；D 项符合语境，且D项中的“if”与下文的“If not”相照应。
40．F　解析：根据上文“Hold on: Hold onto...with the desk or table.”可知，本段主要说明了地震的时候抓住物体，不要移动。F项与本段主题“Hold on”一致，符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Candice Hicks was driving from Amherst to Oxford. She and her three kids went to __41__ her dad because he planned to celebrate the New Year with the Hicks. She was close to her __42__ but unluckily, her car hit a rut that made her lose control of the car. Her minivan fell into the river. __43__ upside down on her seat belt, Candice __44__ she was in great trouble and had no idea how to __45__ her children. She eventually got her seat belt off and meanwhile Sophia, the eldest kid, 6, managed to __46__ out of the van. The other two kids, Elise and Ethan, __47__， were still inside and Ethan wasn't making any __48__．Candice failed to rescue them since her wrist (手腕) was broken. Sophia luckily succeeded in __49__ Elise out of the car but Ethan was still stuck.
Afterwards, Sophia swam to the shore and waved down a truck, whose driver, Terry, __50__ down to rescue the family. With the help of a knife, Terry __51__ Ethan's seat belt and soon the whole family was in a __52__. The kids were all fine while Candice's wrist needed a(n)__53__．
RCMP(the police force) was inspired by __54__ Sophia, so it gave her an Act of Heroism Award. Terry was also given a __55__ by RCMP for his timely help.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了6岁的女孩索菲娅因在一场汽车坠河事故中救出母亲和弟弟妹妹而获得嘉奖的故事。
41．A.see off　　　　　　B．wait for
C．pick up D．look after
C　解析：根据下文“because he planned to celebrate the New Year with the Hicks”可知，此处指坎蒂丝和三个孩子去接(pick up)她的爸爸一起过新年。
42．A.company B．destination
C．field D．home
B　解析：根据上文driving from Amherst to Oxford可知，坎蒂丝快到目的地(destination)了。
43．A.Lying B．Hanging
C．Standing D．Floating
B　解析：根据下文upside down on her seat belt并结合常识可知，车落水了，坎蒂丝被倒挂(hang)在安全带上。
44．A.realized B．imagined
C．insisted D．claimed
A　解析：根据上文“her car hit...upside down on her seat belt”可知，坎蒂丝开车发生交通事故，意识到(realize)自己遇到了大麻烦。
45．A.face B．seek
C．educate D．save
D　解析：根据下文“Candice failed to rescue them”并结合语境可知，因为突发事故，坎蒂丝自己也被困，她不知道怎样救(save)孩子们。
46．A.get B．jump
C．run D．walk
A　解析：根据下文“Sophia swam to the shore and waved down a truck”可知，索菲娅设法从车里出来(get out of)了。
47．A.therefore B．perhaps
C．however D．afterwards
C　解析：根据“She eventually...out of the van.”和“The other two kids...were still inside”可知，此处表转折，应用however。
48．A.decisions B．advances
C．sounds D．mistakes
C　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，发生交通事故，伊桑可能没有意识了，不能发出任何声音(sound)。
49．A.throwing B．requiring
C．keeping D．pulling
D　解析：根据下文Elise out of the car可知，此处指索菲娅把伊莉斯从车里拉(pull)出来。
50．A.drove B．rushed
C．rode D．looked
B　解析：根据语境可知，因为情况紧急，特里冲(rush)下去救人。
51．A.cut B．set
C．gained D．lifted
A　解析：根据上文“With the help of a knife”可知，特里用刀子割断(cut)了安全带。
52．A.clinic B．hotel
C．truck D．station
A　解析：根据上文“Candice failed to rescue them since her wrist was broken.”并结合常识可知，希克斯一家很快被送到了诊所(clinic)。
53．A.movement B．operation
C．wash D．exercise
B　解析：根据上文“since her wrist was broken”可知，坎蒂丝的手腕需要接受手术(operation)。
54．A.active B．patient
C．brave D．outgoing
C　解析：虽然索菲娅只有6岁，但她在紧急情况下救了她的家人，因此她是勇敢的(brave)。
55．A.comment B．position
C．prize D．response
C　解析：根据下文for his timely help可知，因为特里的及时帮助，希克斯一家获救了，因此特里也得到了奖励(prize)。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Droughts Cause Problems for China
This summer has brought the heat and serious droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems, 56.____________(include) food and energy shortages, transportation problems, and price increases. The effect of the droughts is likely to be felt for years.
China 57.____________(face) with similar problems now, too. It has been troubled by a terrible drought this summer, with the temperature as high as 45℃. The drought has dried up much of the Yangtze River, China's 58.____________(long) river. That has cut the amount of power 59.____________ is produced by the world's largest dam by 40%.
China hasn't been able to produce sufficient power, since hundreds of millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. In Sichuan Province, the government is closing 60.____________(factory) down because there's not enough energy. The country is trying to make it rain by 61.____________(send) chemicals into clouds, which, however, is 62.____________ uncertain and temporary measure.
There are no easy ways for any of these droughts. 63.____________ has taken years to cause the climate problem, and getting it under control will take more time. For now, governments and the people need to 64.____________(careful) manage water supplies and other things 65.____________(stop) the damage.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了干旱给中国带来的各种问题。
56．including　解析：考查介词。下文food and energy shortages, transportation problems, and price increases是对上文problems的举例，应用including，意为“包括……在内”。
57．is faced　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。be faced with为固定搭配，意为“面临，面对”；根据时间状语now可知，句子描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时；主语是China，be动词应用is。
58．longest　解析：考查形容词最高级。结合常识可知，长江是中国最长的河流，所以空处应用形容词的最高级形式作定语，修饰名词river。
59．which/that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为power，指物，应用which/that。
60．factories　解析：考查名词复数。结合常识可知，政府关闭的工厂不止一家，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。
61．sending　解析：考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词by之后，应用动名词形式作宾语。
62．an　解析：考查冠词。此处表示人工降雨是一个不可靠的临时措施，空处表示泛指，且uncertain发音以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an。
63．It　解析：考查代词。“It takes some time to do sth.”意为“做某事花费多少时间”，为固定句型，所以空处应用it。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
64．carefully　解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词manage，应用副词作状语。
65．to stop　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，故空处应用非谓语动词；结合语境可知，此处表示目的，所以应用动词不定式作目的状语。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是学校英语报的记者李华，上周学校组织学生去少年宫 (the Children's Palace) 参加活动，让学生在虚拟现实 (VR) 环境中体验自然灾害。请你以“Our Experience Activity”为题写一篇文章，要点如下：
1．活动目的、时间等；
2．体验的内容；
3．你的感悟。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
Our Experience Activity
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One possible version：
Our Experience Activity
Our school organized us to take part in an activity in the Children's Palace from 2：00 p．m. to 5：30 p．m. on December 17th. It aimed to help us learn more about natural disasters.
During the activity, we learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. We also experienced natural disasters such as an earthquake, a flood, a tornado, a tsunami and a volcanic eruption in VR, where we deeply felt the danger of natural disasters.
Compared to the knowledge we have gained in our class, what we have learnt in the activity is practical and instructive. What a meaningful activity!
第二节(满分25 分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
From her lifeguard station at the end of the pool, Jessica noticed clouds forming in the sky. When she took a break at 2：30 p．m., the wind was picking up and the sky was darkening. The pool manager announced over the loudspeaker that the pool was closing immediately, due to a weather warning. He asked everyone to head to safety before the storm hit.
All of the swimmers had left by 3：30 p．m. except for Jessica's neighbor, eight-year-old Zack Hill. Zack's mother had dropped him off at the pool while she went to work. She had planned to pick him up later, but the storm was coming fast. Jessica decided that she would drop Zack off on her way home. She taped a note for Mrs. Hill on the door of the pool office and headed out.
The minute Jessica and Zack left the parking lot, it was clear that this was no ordinary storm. The wind was very strong, the storm clouds were dark, and the sky had turned a terrible green. The rain hit just as Jessica turned onto her street. Jessica said, “Zack, I'm going to take you to my house. We need to get inside right away, and your house is farther away than mine.”
She pressed the garage door opener, but nothing happened. The electricity was off. The front door was only a few feet away, but the wind was so strong that Jessica and Zack had to fight their way out of the car and into the house. Jessica held Zack's hand firmly. The door was heavy under the pressure of the wind. Finally, it opened, but it was blown out of Jessica's hand and it hit the side of the house. The window broke into pieces. Jessica picked up Zack and threw the two of them inside. Her only thought was to get to a safe place.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Remembering everything she had learned from her emergency training, Jessica took Zack to the basement. _______________________
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After a final crash, the sound of the storm grew distant.____________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Remembering everything she had learned from her emergency training，Jessica took Zack to the basement. It was completely dark inside due to lack of electricity. They felt their way in the darkness. Suddenly, Jessica bumped into an armchair and she placed Zack in it. “We'll be safe here，” she said, trying to sound calm. At times, they could hear the sound of glass breaking and the furniture being thrown against the walls by the howling wind. Jessica could feel Zack trembling hard in terror.
After a final crash，the sound of the storm grew distant. Jessica breathed a sigh of relief. When they were back into the house, they saw the room in a total mess. Glass pieces and broken furniture were everywhere. It was not long before Mrs. Hill arrived. Needless to say, she was very thankful for what Jessica did. Without Jessica, she could hardly imagine what would have happened to Zack. After giving each other a big hug, Jessica and Zack waved goodbye.INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLBX3UNIT2LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLBX3UNIT2LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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　　　 county　 　　injure　　　　 disaster reaction　　　　 crash　　　　signal　　　　 exitorderly confirm hug procedureoccur relief destructive informshock scare power supplydonate charity downstairs documentcurious erupt unearth destinationimport export unbearable beyonddistance rescue sharp locateretire 　at large, in case, safe and sound, occur to, keep one's head, make the/a difference, run out of, take the form of, break out, far and wide　1.the moment引导时间状语从句2．现在分词(短语)作伴随状语3．while表示对比4．“might/may have done”结构
　动词不定式作定语和结果状语 　友谊让我融入外部世界
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tsunami n.　　 海啸typhoon n. 台风hurricane n. 飓风tornado n. 龙卷风earthquake n. 地震blizzard n. 暴风雪thunderstorm n. 雷雨landslide n. 山崩；滑坡drought n. 干旱flood n. 洪水wildfire n. 野火victim n. 受害者hand in hand 手牵手soldier n. 士兵a medical team 医疗队survive v. 幸存rescue workers 救援人员donate vt. 捐赠in need of... 需要…… offer to do sth.　　 主动做某事face up to 敢于面对volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事protect vt. 保护promote vt. 促进forecast vt. 预测prevent vt. 防止，阻止 take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事raise/heighten people's awareness of... 加强/提高人们的……意识destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭in pain 处于痛苦之中suffer losses 遭受损失result in/lead to 导致suffer from 遭受lose one's life 某人失去生命in ruins 成为废墟；严重受损leave...homeless 使……无家可归burn...to the ground 把……烧为平地
话题佳句 1.Though we have suffered from serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.虽然我们遭受了严重的自然灾害，但我们一定能克服一切困难。2．Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffering from disasters great courage.有时候，微笑是如此有力量，以至于它给遭受灾难的人以巨大的勇气。3．The fear of the disaster is worse than the disaster itself.　对灾难的恐惧比灾难本身更可怕。4．Natural disasters are the punishment for human's destruction of nature.自然灾害是对人类破坏自然的惩罚。
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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1．What's the main idea of Text 1
A．The students at Falmont Primary School suffered an earthquake.
B．An earthquake hit Falmont Primary School.
C.An earthquake caused great damage to Falmont Primary School.
D．Students from Falmont Primary School successfully escaped an earthquake.
2．What's the main idea of Text 2
A．A tsunami hit Goldshore Beach.
B．A girl survived a tsunami.
C.A girl helped about 100 people escape a tsunami.
D．A safety officer helped people escape from a tsunami.
答案：1～2.DC
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答案：1.earthquake　2.reaction　3.calm　4.safety procedures　5.escape　6.approaching　7.to talk to
8．was cleared of
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1．What did Miss Brown do when she found the floor began to shake
A．She quickly opened the classroom door.
B．She still taught in the classroom.
C．She waited calmly and quietly.
D．She signalled to her students to exit the classroom.
2．Why were there so few injuries at Falmont Primary School in the earthquake
A．It was Alice Brown that saved all the students during the earthquake.
B.They have practised earthquake safety procedures often and could keep calm to escape the earthquake.
C．The students at Falmont Primary School were not afraid of the earthquake.
D．The earthquake happened at this school was not serious.
3．What was it that made the tourists escape the tsunami on 20 December on Goldshore Beach
A．Sabrina's knowledge of tsunami.
B．The tourists' quick action.
C．The signs before the tsunami came.
D．The officer's quick action.
4．Besides Sabrina, who played an important role in escaping the tsunami
A．Sabrina's parents.
B．The safety officer.
C．The tourists on the beach.
D．Sabrina's teacher.
答案：1～4.ABAB
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1．After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.(Text 1 Para.3)
[分析]　本句为主从复合句。主句为“they relaxed...each other”； After 引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句，作confirmed的宾语；laughing, crying and hugging each other为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
[翻译]　点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
2．On 20 December, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(Text 2 Para.1)
[分析]　句中“caused by...earthquake”为过去分词短语作后置定语，cause与其逻辑主语waves之间为动宾关系；left thousands dead为“leave＋宾语＋adj.”结构，形容词dead在此作宾语补足语。
[翻译]　12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近的海域，造成数千人死亡。
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In Falmont, Alice Brown 1.was__giving(give) a lesson to students when an earthquake hit the county. The students reacted 2.properly(proper)—they moved under their desks and held on 3.to the legs of the desks. When the shaking stopped, Miss Brown signalled the class 4.to__exit(exit) the classroom covering their heads with their hands. Luckily, only 5 students were slightly 5.injured(injure) at Falmont Primary School, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. It was the practice of earthquake safety procedures twice a year 6.that helped the students during the earthquake.
On 20 December, the day began as usual, with people 7.walking(walk), running or simply sitting on the sandy beach. 8.However,__a 10-year-old girl noticed something odd. The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer and coming in and in and in, 9.which were signs of an approaching tsunami. She kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer about the signs and the officer rapidly cleared the beach of people just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. Thanks to the girl, around 100 people 10.were__saved(save).
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1．What will you do if you face an earthquake or tsunami
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2．What can help you survive the disasters
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答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．county n.　　　　　A．海啸
2．roll n. B．柱，杆；极
3．tsunami n. C．泡沫，泡，气泡
4．odd adj. D．郡，县
5．bubble n. E．台风
6．typhoon n. F．奇怪的，怪异的；
偶尔的；不成对的
7．pole n. G．名单；卷；一管；翻滚
答案：1～5.DGAFC　6～7.EB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a natural disaster　　　一场自然灾害
2．loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground玻璃破碎和东西倒地发出阵阵巨响
3．signal to her students to exit the classroom示意她的学生们离开教室
4．go down the stairs 下楼
5．hug each other 互相拥抱
6．practise earthquake safety procedures进行地震安全流程演习
7．it immediately occurred to her
她立刻意识到
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害，损伤
2．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.作出反应；回应
3．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的→order n.& vt.秩序；命令；指示
4．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n．证实；确认
5．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.使减轻；使解除(痛苦、忧虑等)
6．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destruction n．破坏；毁灭→destroy vt.破坏；毁掉
7．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．I think the chances of getting reforms accepted by the community at__large(全部) remain extremely remote.
2．Commuters who are unable to reach the handrails (扶手) can hold__on__to(抓住不放) poles at the ends of the seat bays.
3．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in__case(以防) they need medical help.
4．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)First, he constructed a__series__of(一系列) clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.
5．When he was faced with this situation, a good idea suddenly occurred__to (被想到) him.
6．When faced with challenges, you should keep__your__head(保持冷静).
7．To__her__relief(令她宽慰的是), someone had found the keys and handed them in.
8．The teacher's encouragement and support made__a__difference(起作用) in the student's academic performance.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“be doing...when...”意为“正在做……，这时(突然)……”
Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was__teaching__when(正在上课，这时) the floor began to shake.(Text 1 Para.2)
2．the moment引导时间状语从句
The__moment__the__shaking__stopped(晃动一停), Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(Text 1 Para.3)
3．现在分词(短语)作伴随状语
After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing,__crying__and__hugging__each__other(笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着).(Text 1 Para.3)
4．“it occurs/occurred to sb. that...”意为“某人突然想到/意识到……”
It__immediately__occurred__to__her__that(她立刻意识到) these were signs of an approaching tsunami.(Text 2 Para.2)
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P40]))
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈1F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈1F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)Her students' reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.
她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。
②Scientists have found that women's brains react to food very differently and much more strongly than men's.
科学家们发现，女性的大脑对食物做出的反应非常不同，比男性更强烈。
(1)reaction to... 对……的反应
(2)react v. 作出反应；回应
react to... 对……作出反应；回应……
react against 反抗；反对
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)No matter how your body reacts to stress, ignoring the problem can have serious health results.
(2)The village leader says he understands why some people react against the project.
(3)My first reaction(react) to the news was a strange mixture of joy and anger.
(4)重要的不是发生了什么，而是你如何应对它。
It's not what happens to you, but how__you__react__to__it that matters.
[应用文写作之建议信]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈2F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈2F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
in case 以防；以防万一
【经典例句】
①(教材P16) At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.
与此同时，布朗女士迅速打开教室的门，以防它在晃动中损坏而无法打开。
②We brought a first-aid kit on the field trip in case someone gets a scraped knee.
我们郊游带了急救包，以防有人擦伤膝盖。
in case of　　　　　 万一；在……情形时；如果发生
in this/that case 既然这/那样；假使这/那样的话；在这/那种情况下
in any case 无论如何；总之
in no case 在任何情况下都不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事
【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】
(1)There are cases where we're faced with difficult choices, feeling extremely confused and stressed.
(2)We need help from experts to better understand the animals, in which case we can take better care of them.
(3)应该给予孩子们足够的空间，假使那样的话，他们会获得更多的生活经历。
Enough space should be given to the kids; in__that__case,__they will get more life experiences.[应用文写作之建议信]
(4)就像其他老人一样，我祖父也喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。
As__is__often__the__case with old people, my grandfather is also fond of talking about good old days.[应用文写作之人物介绍]
(5)带上你的雨衣以防下雨。
→Take your raincoat in__case__of__rain．
→Take your raincoat in__case__it__rains/(should)__rain．
INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
(1)当case作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时，要用where引导定语从句；
(2)in case可用作副词(常置于句末)，也可用作连词，引导目的状语从句，且从句谓语动词可用虚拟语气(should) do，也可不用虚拟语气。
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈3F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈3F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志
n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
【经典例句】 (外研必修三U1) This gives people the wrong signal.
这会给人们传递错误的信号。
(1)give out/send a signal　　发出信号
pick up/receive a signal 接收信号
a warning signal 警告信号
(2)signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
signal (to sb.) that...(向某人)示意……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The police signalled the traffic to__move(move) forward slowly.
(2)The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signalling(signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.[应用文写作之传统节日]
(3)他回头看了我一眼，我竖起大拇指向他示意，为他感到骄傲。
He looked back at me and I signalled__to__him__with__a__thumbs-up,__feeling proud of him.
[读后续写之动作描写]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈4F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈4F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
【经典例句】
①(外研必修三U5)The first people confirmed to have reached the top were Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953.
第一批被证实登顶(珠峰)的人是1953年的埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·诺盖。
②The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was six.
实验结果证实，联络串上的连接平均数量是6。
(1) confirm sth./that/wh-从句　证实……
It is/has been confirmed that...　据/已证实……；
确定……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
(2)confirmation n. 证实；确认
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost (霜) on the ground, confirming(confirm) that autumn had arrived in Canada.[读后续写之场景描写]
(2)Many planets are known to exist beyond our solar system, but there has been no confirmation(confirm) of a moon on the outside.
(3)(人教必修三U3)It__was__confirmed__that(据证实) a mild earthquake occurred at 6：37 p．m. on Saturday evening in Hebei Province, causing no damage.
(4)如果你能在方便的时候尽早确认参加，我将不胜感激。
I would__appreciate__it__if__you__could__confirm__your__participation at your earliest convenience.
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈5F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈5F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
occur vi.发生，出现；存在于
【经典例句】
①(教材P17)It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的征兆。
②(外研必修三U6)Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家称，这种恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。
(1)sth.occurs/occurred to sb.
　 　　　　　某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事
(2)It occurs/occurred to sb.that...
某人突然想到……
It occurs/occurred to sb. to do...
某人想到要做……
(3)occurrence n. 发生，出现；发生的事情；存在的事物
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修三U3)What a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred(occur) in 1906.
(2)It occurred to me to__attend(attend) an important meeting when I was about to go home.
(3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)我感到非常沮丧和抱歉，尴尬的笑容悄悄地浮现在我的脸上。然后我想到了一个主意。
I felt so depressed and sorry, an embarrassed smile creeping into my face. Then an__idea__occurred__to__me．[读后续写之情绪描写]
(4)我突然想到，帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该是一个救生员。
It__occurred__to__me__that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.[读后续写之主旨升华]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
【经典例句】
①(教材P17)To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger.
令她大为宽慰的是，安全员立即意识到了危险即将到来。
②(外研必修三U2)The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried, is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.　病人在皮肤得到仔细清洗和擦干后所感受到的放松和舒适，是在病床上最常见的观察现象之一。
(1)in/with relief　　　宽慰地；如释重负地
to one's relief 令某人感到宽慰的是
breathe a sigh of relief
如释重负；松了口气
It is a relief to do sth.
做某事令人欣慰。
(2)relieve vt. 减轻，缓解；解除
relieve sb. of... 帮助某人减轻……
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修二U5)When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave me strength and brought me relief(relieve).
(2)Lily smiled__in/with__relief (如释重负地笑了) hearing she got the opportunity to sing on stage.[读后续写之动作描写＋情感描写]
(3)To__our__relief(令我们感到宽慰的是), the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy.[读后续写之情感描写]
(4)听到令人满意的结果，所有参赛者都松了一口气，笑容逐渐在他们脸上绽放开来。
Hearing the satisfying result, all competitors breathed__a__sigh__of__relief,__with smiles gradually spreading across their faces.[读后续写之情感描写]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈7F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈7F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，
破坏(或毁灭)性的
【经典例句】 (教材P19)A typhoon is a destructive storm that occurs in the north-west Pacific Ocean.
台风是发生在西北太平洋的一种破坏性风暴。
destruction n.　　　　 破坏；毁灭
destroy v. 破坏；毁掉
【单句语法填空】
(1)Drinkwise Day is mainly designed to educate people about the destructive(destroy) effects of alcohol abuse.
(2)It is vital that we act to stop the destruction(destroy) of the rainforests.
(3)We wanted to soften the light without destroying(destroy) the overall effect of space.
(4)That building is unique because all the others like it were__destroyed(destroy).
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈8F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈8F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
make the/a difference 有影响；有作用
【经典例句】 (外研必修三U2)He really had made a difference for these children.
对这些孩子来说，他真的产生了影响。
(1)make a difference to...
　　　　　　对……起作用/有影响
It makes a/no difference (to sb./sth.)＋wh-从句 ……(对某人/某事来说)有/无影响或关系。
(2)tell the difference between...and...
辨别……与……的差别
【补全句子/完成句子】
(1)I'm sure you can tell__the__difference__between Peking Opera and(辨别……与……的差异) Henan Opera if you sign up for the drama lecture.
(2)有时仅仅一点善举就能产生很大的影响，让世界更加美丽和谐。
Sometimes only__a__little__kindness__can__make__a__great__difference，making the world more beautiful and harmonious.[读后续写之主旨升华]
(3)对于这次比赛来说，是否有雾没有关系，因为比赛将在室内举行。
It__makes__no__difference__to__the__game__whether__it's__foggy__or__not,__because it is to be held indoors.
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈9F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈9F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知；告知
【经典例句】
①(教材P19)Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.
记住要告诉自己发生了什么。
②The nurse keeps the patient's family informed of his progress and any changes in his condition during his stay in the hospital.
护士在患者住院期间，随时向患者家属通报其病情进展和任何变化。
(1)inform sb. of sth.　告诉/通知某人某事
inform sb. that... 通知某人……
keep sb. informed of sth.
不断为某人提供关于……的最新信息
(2)information n. [U]消息；情报；信息
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
(1)They often get some useful information(inform) from the Internet.
(2)I would be very grateful if you could inform me of your decisions at your earliest convenience.
(3)It was so kind of you to keep me informed(inform) of what happened in time.
(4)I'm very delighted to tell you that there is a short English film—Growing Together this weekend.
→I'm very delighted to inform you that there is a short English film—Growing Together this weekend.[应用文写作之通知]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈10F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈10F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
the moment引导时间状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.　晃动一停，布朗女士就意识到这是全班逃走的最佳时机。
②(外研必修三U2)On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
一离开学校，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。
(1)the moment是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于the＋minute/instant/second，意为“一……就……”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时；
(2)名词词组用作连词且能引导时间状语从句的还有：every time(每当……)、any time(任何时候)、next time(下次……时)、the＋序数词＋time(第……次)；
(3)on/upon doing sth.　　一……就……
(4)immediately/directly/instantly＋从句；
(5)no sooner...than.../hardly...when...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句应用部分倒装)。　
【单句语法填空/句型转换】
(1)On/Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”
(2)Hardly had he arrived at the railway station when he found the train had just left.
(3)As soon as he was declared the winner of the singing competition, Jim's eyes were bright with tears.
→On/Upon__being__declared__the__winner__of__the__singing__competition,__Jim's eyes were bright with tears.
→The__moment/The__minute/The__second/Immediately/Directly/Instantly__he__was__declared__the__winner__of__the__singing__competition,__Jim's eyes were bright with tears.[读后续写之情感描写]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈11F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈11F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
现在分词(短语)作伴随状语
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
②(人教必修三U3) I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.
一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏着街头艺术。
(1)现在分词(短语)作伴随状语所表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，且与句子的主语是主动关系；
(2)一般情况下，现在分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语；如果作状语的分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
(1)He lay on the grass, staring(stare) at the sky for a long time.
(2)All night long he lay awake, thinking(think) of the problem.
(3)面对这些问题，我写信向你寻求一些建议。
Facing__these__problems,__I'm writing to ask you for some advice.[应用文写作之求助信]
(4)The music festival will start at 8 a．m. It will last three hours.
→The music festival will start at 8 a．m., lasting__three__hours．(现在分词短语作状语)
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P45]))
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Separated from his mother for such a long time, the boy kept away from her when she tried to hug(拥抱) him.
2．Don't worry! If you are not satisfied with the quality，making a complaint is quite a simple procedure(步骤).
3．It set off a chain reaction(反应) in the international money markets.
4．My mom raised her hand as a signal(信号) for me to stop talking and listen to her carefully.
5．(北师大必修一U2)Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief(缓解) from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.
6．Quite a few people used to believe that a disaster(灾难) was sure to strike if a mirror was broken.
7．There is a fire exit(通道) on each floor of the building.
8．When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm(证实) their exact pronunciations.
9．The company informed(通知) me that my job application had been accepted last week.
10．The fifth event, which occurred(发生) 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．I took my driving license with me on holiday, in__case(以防) I wanted to hire a car.
2．You really shouldn't have reacted__to(对……作出反应) his comment on your work so violently. After all, he meant no harm to you.
3．It is vital that we should be kept__informed__of(及时告知) all developments.
4．Two days later, the missing children returned home safe__and__sound(安然无恙).
5．Recently Tom has published a__series__of(一系列) articles on the nature of modern society.
6．It's impossible to get everybody together at__the__same__time(同时).
7．Act of kindness，however small，will make__a__difference(产生影响) to other people's life. So don't hesitate to show your kindness!
8．He warned us of/about(警告) the serious situation that we were confronted with.
9．The old man held__on__to(紧紧抓住) the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
1．We__were__preparing__for__the__possible__flood__when(我们正为可能发生的洪水做准备，这时；be doing...when...) the rain started pouring down. Then people began to move to higher places. Some were carrying food and their valuable belongings, 2.running__quickly(跑得很快；现在分词短语作伴随状语), others guiding the way. At that time 3.it__occurred__to__me__that__unity__is__powerful__in__the__face__of__disasters(我突然想到，面对灾难，团结是强有力的；it occurred to sb.that...).INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[学生用书P163(单独成册)]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Please keep us informed(inform) of any changes of your address.
2．The bell rang, signalling(signal) that school was over, and students rose to their feet, seized their schoolbags and rushed out of the classroom like arrows.
3．I was halfway there when it occurred(occur) to me that I had left my notebook at home, so I had to go back to fetch it.
4．There is a great sense of relief(relieve) that nobody was killed or seriously injured in the car accident.
5．Two players are out of the team because of injury(injure).
6．Due to her latest discovery, she has__been__confirmed(confirm) as one of the leading female scientists in physics so far.
7．Severe damage witnessed the destructive(destroy) force of the storm.
8．When there is a fire, it is important that people file out of the hall in an orderly(order) way.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Mountain climbing, although a dangerous sport, does not normally result in injury to the experienced climber.
2．The crowd reacted to the announcement of their football team's victory with wild cheers and applause.
3．The instructor signalled to us to__carry(carry) on with our experiment.
4．A good idea occurred to me while I was making fortune cookies.
5．He has warned you of/about the possible danger, and I think you should take his words into account.
6．To his parents' relief, the boy soon recovered from his illness and was able to return to his normal life.
7．Volunteering gives you an opportunity to connect you with others and involve yourself in activities that can make a difference.
8．He didn't want to talk with me. In that case I wouldn't meet him.
9．My teacher's encouragement confirms me in the belief that I will surely win the championship of Chinese Poetry Competition.
10．The moment he returned from Europe, he set out to work.
维度三　完成句子
1．我突然想到我们可以求助于我们的英语老师，他知识渊博，乐于助人。
It__occurs__to__me__that we can turn to our English teacher, who is knowledgeable and ready to help.
2．一听到自己终于赢得了冠军这个令人激动的消息，他们如释重负地舒了口气，流下了喜悦的泪水。[on/upon (doing) sth.]
On/Upon__hearing__the__exciting__news__that__they__had__finally__won__the__championship,__ they breathed a sigh of relief and shed tears of joy.
3．孩子们跑出教室，大声笑着，挥舞着双手，对即将到来的假期兴奋不已。[现在分词(短语)作伴随状语]
The children ran out of the classroom, laughing__loudly__and__waving__their__hands,__excited about the upcoming holiday.
4．假使那样的话，我们将不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点，并努力发现他的优点。
In__that__case,__we will have to learn to put up with some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.
5．牛顿正在思考着这个问题，这时突然一个苹果落到了地上。(be doing sth.when...)
Newton was__thinking__about__the__question__when an apple fell to the ground.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修一U4】
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a．m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night.
At 3：42 a．m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city's factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A.The strange phenomena before the earthquake.
B．The normal life of the people in Tangshan.
C．The beautiful scenery of the countryside.
D．The animals' behaviors in the fields.
2．How many people were killed or injured in the earthquake
A．Less than 400，000.
B．About 400，000.
C．More than 400，000.
D．Nearly 400，000.
3．What can we infer from the passage
A．The earthquake only affected Tangshan.
B．The earthquake caused great damage.
C.People were well-prepared for the earthquake.
D．There were no survivors in the earthquake.
4．What was the situation of the city after the earthquake
A．Everything was still fine.
B．Only a few buildings were damaged.
C．All the factories were working.
D．Most things were destroyed.
答案：1～4.ACBD
　[学生用书P165(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it.As long as she could remember，preparing for an earthquake was common at her school.Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.
One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time.However, it was not the same as usual.She was home alone.Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport.He was coming home from a two-week business trip.
After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking.Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room.The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening,__and Maggie hugged herself in fear.
After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over.Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement.And there was the smell of natural gas in the air.Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off.Dad had ever shown her before.
Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table.The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable.Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess.As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps.Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement.
While placing her feet firmly on the floor，Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder.She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes.An hour later，she woke up and found her parents beside her.She was happy that she was still alive!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述13岁女孩玛吉在地震中的经历，展示了她应对和处理突发情况的能力。
1．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A.Earthquakes are the main natural disasters in the US.
B.Maggie's parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.
C．Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.
D.Maggie has some self-help knowledge in earthquakes.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As long as she could remember...in case of a natural disaster.”可推知，玛吉有在地震中自救的知识。
2．What does the underlined word “deafening” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Very loud.　　　B．Quite familiar.
C．Very distant. D．Quite strange.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Maggie hugged herself in fear”可知，玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西的碰撞声让玛吉感到很害怕，画线词deafening意为“非常大声的、震耳欲聋的”。
3．What can we know about Maggie
A．She was the only child in her family.
B.She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.
C．She was hurt on the way to turning off the water valve.
D.She had experienced an earthquake before.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Maggie knew where the main water valve was and how to turn it off.”和最后一段中的“While placing her feet firmly...hit her head and shoulder.”可知，玛吉在去关水阀的路上被木头砸伤了。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．A story of a girl in an earthquake.
B.The importance of preparing for an earthquake.
C．The ways to escape from an earthquake.
D．The danger of an earthquake.
A　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的13岁小女孩玛吉独自在家中时遭遇地震的经历。
B
INCLUDEPICTURE "DQ18.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "DQ18.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2025·德州二中月考)Tropical cyclones (热带气旋), including hurricanes and typhoons, are now moving at slower speed than they did decades ago, new research shows.
While having a cyclone travel with lower speed may seem like a good thing, it's actually just the opposite. Wind speeds within the storm remain high, but the whole system itself moves slower, allowing punishing rains to stay longer over communities. “Nothing good comes out of a slowing storm，” says James Kossin, author of the paper. “It can increase the amount of time that buildings are exposed to strong winds. And it increases rainfall.”
In his paper, Kossin showed that from 1949 to 2016, tropical cyclones across the globe slowed their movement by 10 percent on average. In some regions, the speed of those storms slowed even more as they hit land. In the western North Pacific, the decrease was much more manifest—almost a third. That means a storm that may already hold more moisture (水分) will have time to drop more of it in each spot.
Kossin's work was based on details of almost 70 years' worth of storms, but he didn't try to determine what was causing the slowdown. Still, the change is exactly what he and other cyclone experts said, which would be expected from climate change. With the polar regions warming faster than other parts of the globe, that is changing the pressure and reducing the winds that push these storms.
Christina Patricola, a scientist, called Kossin's work important and new and said she found it reliable. “I was not surprised by his findings，” she says. “But I was surprised by the slowdown.”
Kossin hopes that scientists will begin building models that show which places are likely to face the most risk. Given that storms in some regions are moving towards polar regions and already increasing in intensity (强度), cyclones causing unusually powerful rain may threaten places not normally in their paths. Scientists must take action to make those places suffer less from the disasters.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。新的研究发现，与几十年前相比，包括飓风和台风在内的热带气旋移动速度慢了许多。
5．Why is the decrease in cyclones' speed a bad thing
A．It leads the cyclones to move faster on the ground.
B．It causes the cyclones to have higher wind speed outside.
C．It makes hard rains and strong winds last longer in one place.
D．It results in more typhoons taking place in some communities.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wind speeds within the storm remain high...punishing rains to stay longer over communities.”以及“It can increase...it increases rainfall.”可知，气旋速度的降低是一件坏事是因为它使大雨和强风在一个地方持续更长时间。
6．What does the underlined word “manifest” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Obvious. B．Satisfying.
C．Confusing. D．Impossible.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In some regions, the speed of those storms slowed even more as they hit land.”以及下文almost a third可知，在北太平洋西部，这种降低更为明显，画线词意为“明显的”。
7．What does paragraph 4 suggest
A．Climate change in the polar regions is under control.
B．Scientists find it hard to understand the slower cyclones.
C．Scientists should do further experiments in polar regions.
D．Climate change may be the cause of the slowdown in the cyclones.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“which would be expected from climate change...the winds that push these storms.”可推知，气候变化可能是气旋减速的原因。
8．Why does Kossin want scientists to build models in the last paragraph
A．To find out the normal paths of serious cyclones.
B．To prove the speed of the cyclones can be controlled.
C．To reduce the damage from cyclones to possible areas.
D．To call on scientists to focus on the danger of climate change.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Kossin hopes that scientists...face the most risk.”以及“Scientists must take action to make those places suffer less from the disasters.”可知，建立模型的目的是减少气旋对可能地区的破坏。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·鞍山月考)Take a bottle of soda, and shake it really hard. Gas will form inside, causing a build-up of pressure. Twist the cap off. Pressure will be released from the bottle, and soda will shoot everywhere.
1．________ Pressure builds up inside a volcano as gas forms in magma (岩浆), which is hot liquid rock beneath the surface of the earth. Gas bubbles in the volcano need to escape. When a volcano erupts, magma is pushed up through the opening with great force. When magma reaches the earth's surface, it's called lava (熔岩).
Some volcanic eruptions are explosive. Lava shoots into the sky. Gas and hot pieces of rock and ash are also released. The intensity of an eruption depends on a few factors. One is the magma's temperature. Another is the magma's thickness. 2.________　
Volcanic eruptions can cause other natural disasters. These include landslides, mudslides, earthquakes and tsunamis. Volcanoes can be destructive. 3.________ The Hawaiian Islands were created by the eruptions of large low-lying volcanoes which are made up of layers of hardened lava.
4．________ Ash from volcanoes adds helpful minerals to soil. This helps plants grow strong. Healthy plants produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. Volcanoes also remove heat from the earth's interior (内部), which helps keep our planet cool.
In recent years, a new benefit of volcanoes has surfaced. 5.________ Their measures involve using the heat beneath the earth's surface to produce electricity.
Volcanoes may be unpredictable. However, as we learn more about how they work, they will become even more important to life on the earth.
A．However, they can also create new land.
B．Volcanoes can become more dangerous.
C．A volcanic eruption works much the same way.
D.Scientists are using volcanoes to help power cities.
E．The amount of gas trapped inside is also an important one.
F．Volcanoes are threatening the life of people across the world.
G．Volcanoes have played an important role in shaping the earth.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了火山的形成、喷发强度的决定因素、火山的危害和好处等。
1．C　解析：上文介绍了用力摇晃苏打水，打开瓶盖，苏打水会喷得到处都是。C项承接上文，介绍火山喷发的原理，并引出下文对火山喷发的详细介绍，符合语境。
2．E　解析：上文“The intensity of an eruption...is the magma's thickness.”介绍了影响火山喷发的强度的几个因素。E项承接上文，继续介绍第三个因素，符合语境。
3．A　解析：上文“Volcanoes can be destructive.”提到火山具有破坏性；下文“The Hawaiian Islands were created...layers of hardened lava.”提到夏威夷群岛是由大型低洼火山喷发形成的。A项和上文构成转折关系，同时引出下文，符合语境。
4．G　解析：下文“Ash from volcanoes adds helpful minerals...which helps keep our planet cool.”介绍了火山对地球起的重要作用。G项引出下文，符合语境。
5．D　解析：根据上文“In recent years, a new benefit of volcanoes has surfaced.”可知，本段提到火山的一个新的好处，再根据下文中的produce electricity可知，这个好处与发电有关。D项承上启下，符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·昆明高一联考)I was driving on the freeway when I noticed heavy clouds roll in. A storm was coming. The rain began beating __1__ against my car windows, making driving impossible. I __2__ onto the shoulder of the road and stopped. The rain __3__ me of Hurricane Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina struck when I was nine years old. I had worried it would strike us in Houston. It missed us, but other cities were not so lucky. I remembered watching the __4__. A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium, __5__ people. Many wore dirty and __6__ clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet. I noticed a little boy behind the reporter __7__ an old teddy bear. Watching him, I knew I had to do something.
The next day, my friends __8__ me for our volunteer club and we came up with a plan. We wanted to __9__ toys and give them to the kids at the stadium, which would bring some __10__ into the lives of these families. We __11__ the word to the school and other organizations. Three days later, the donation boxes were overflowing with new toys! When we __12__ the stadium with our gifts, children __13__ toward us from all directions, smiles lighting up their faces.
Suddenly, a phone call brought me back to the present. To my joy, the storm had __14__．“Hector, we have more victims of yesterday's tornado.”“Well, I've brought clothes I'd like to donate to them. The __15__ stopped me, but I'll be there soon！”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飓风过后，作者及其朋友们给无家可归的孩子们送去温暖的故事。
1．A.creatively　　　 B．lazily
C．merrily D．heavily
D　解析：根据上文“A storm was coming.”和下文making driving impossible可知，此处是说雨下得很大，开始猛烈地(heavily)敲击着作者的车窗。
2．A.looked out B．set out
C．pulled off D．got off
C　解析：根据上文“The rain began...making driving impossible.”和下文onto the shoulder of the road and stopped可知，雨下得很大，驾驶变得困难，作者不得不把车停靠(pull off)在路边。
3．A.warned B．informed
C．reminded D．cured
C　解析：根据下文me of Hurricane Katrina以及下一段对卡特里娜飓风的讲述可知，这场雨使作者想起(remind)了卡特里娜飓风。
4．A.news B．disaster
C．game D．performance
A　解析：根据下文“A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium”可知，作者看到一位记者站在休斯敦的体育场内进行采访，所以作者曾经收看的是卡特里娜飓风的新闻报道(news)。
5．A.observing B．greeting
C．challenging D．interviewing
D　解析：根据上文“A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium”可知，此处描述记者在现场的工作，即采访(interview)受灾民众。
6．A.cheap B．worn
C．ugly D．funny
B　解析：根据上文“Many wore dirty”和下文“clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet”可知，此处指许多人穿着脏旧的(worn)衣服。
7．A.hugging B．pressing
C．selling D．throwing
A　解析：根据下文an old teddy bear可知，这个小男孩正抱着(hug)一个旧的泰迪熊。
8．A.left B．joined
C．asked D．forced
B　解析：根据下文“me for our volunteer club and we came up with a plan”可知，作者的朋友们加入(join)了作者的志愿者俱乐部。
9．A.invent B．import
C．collect D．produce
C　解析：根据本句语境和下文“the donation boxes were overflowing with new toys”可知，作者的志愿俱乐部需要先收集(collect)玩具，然后再送给孩子们。
10．A.freedom B．happiness
C．struggle D．belief
B　解析：根据上文“We wanted to...at the stadium”和下文into the lives of these families可知，玩具能够给经历灾难的孩子们和他们的家庭带来快乐(happiness)。
11．A.gathered B．processed
C．typed D．spread
D　解析：根据下文the word to the school and other organizations可知，此处指作者及其朋友们将这个消息传播(spread)给了学校和其他组织。
12．A.left B．decorated
C．entered D．measured
C　解析：根据下文the stadium with our gifts可知，此处表示带着捐赠物品进入(enter)体育馆。
13．A.flew B．drove
C．marched D．surfed
A　解析：根据下文“toward us from all directions, smiles lighting up their faces”可知，此处形容孩子们急切而兴奋地跑向作者他们的情景，应用fly表示“飞奔”。
14．A.struck B．passed
C．strengthened D．approached
B　解析：根据上文“To my joy”可知，风暴已经过去(pass)了。
15．A.traffic B．reporter
C．storm D．boy
C　解析：根据上文“I ______ onto the shoulder of the road and stopped.”可知，作者由于暴雨(storm)被迫停在了路上。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[学生用书P169(单独成册)]
维度一　单句语法填空
1．To__save(save) energy, we turn off the lights for Earth Hour.
2．All the students got very excited at the news that the scientist, who was reported to__have__won(win) the Nobel Prize, was coming to their school.
3．Without a second thought, Paul drove the car quickly back to the two cyclists, only to__find(find) they were gone.
4．It is recognised that he is the best man to__do(do) the job.
5．When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to__find(find) them alive.
6．When the boss came in, the workers pretended to__be__working(work) hard on their machines.
7．To__realise(realise) his dream of entering a key university, Jack studies harder than ever.
8．Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to__be__lifted(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
9．For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) to__teach(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
10．Many buildings in our school need repairing, but the one to__be__repaired(repair) first is the library.
11．The old man sitting in front of the television was happy to__watch__(watch) anything that happened to be on.
12．We'd better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest to__be__held(hold) in Shanghai next month.
13．To__learn(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
14．Would you be so kind as to__spare(spare) some time to come and join us
15．To__win(win)the competition, the competitors have to practice hard day and night.
16．Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to__face(face) the challenge.
17．After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to__be__told(tell) that it was being decorated.
18．With a lot of work to__do(do), she wasn't allowed to leave her office.
维度二　语法与写作
1．你应该掌握解决复杂问题的能力。
You should grasp__the__ability__to__solve__complex__problems．
2．为了吓走凶猛的狼，他用尽全力把自行车扔向它。
To__frighten__the__fierce__wolf__away,__he threw his bike toward it with all his strength.
3．得知你被北京大学录取，我非常高兴。
I'm__more__than__delighted__to__learn__that you have been admitted to Peking University.
4．志愿服务给你一个改变生活的机会，包括(改变)你自己的生活。
The voluntary service gives__you__a__chance__to__change__lives,__including your own.
5．他匆忙赶到火车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。
He hurried to the railway station, only__to__be__told__the__train__had__left．
6．几年后他回到家，却被告知当地最大的那家超市已经在一场大火中被毁了。
He returned home several years later, only__to__be__told__the__largest__supermarket__in__the__area__had__been__ruined in a great fire.
7．为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。
She asked me to drive her to the airport in__order/so__as__to__catch__the__5：00__plane．
8．我们学生应该有面对任何困难的勇气。
We students should have__the__courage__to__face__any__difficulty．
9．智能手机让人们体验到科技改变生活的力量。
Smart phones gave people the experience of the__power__of__technology__to__change__lives．
维度三　语篇练习
Last weekend, I went to a bookstore 1. to__buy(buy) some books. There, I came across a boy. He was old enough 2. to__read(read) by himself. He wanted to buy a geography book that cost one dollar. However, he had only sixty-two cents in his pocket. The money was too little for him 3.to__get(get) that book. The boy looked quite disappointed, but he was determined to try some other bookstores 4.to__get(get) one. Because I wanted to know the result, I decided to follow him.
The boy tried four different bookstores 5.to__find(find) a cheaper book, but he went from one store to another, only 6.to__find(find) the book more expensive. In the sixth bookstore, the owner found that the boy was worried, so he asked him why he was anxious 7.to__get(get) a geography book. The boy told him that he wanted to become a sailor like his father, so he wanted to learn more about geography. Hearing what the boy said, the owner gave him one for free. The boy was very excited. The result was satisfying. Before I left, I gave the boy two dollars so that he was able to have money 8.to__buy(buy) more books.
[学生用书P171(单独成册)]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·晋中高一检测)Eddie was on a family trip on Hawaii's Big Island when the terrible wildfires occurred in the island of Maui, killing 115 people and destroying the town of Lahaina. He overheard the disaster while watching TV.
“It was Wednesday afternoon. We had the news on, and he asked me to turn it off because he said that made him too sad，” Eddie's mother, Ami, told USA Today. “At that point, I realized he was really paying attention and listening, and we needed to actually solve it. I hadn't really intended to tell him about it, because we thought he was still a kid. But what happened next proved that we were wrong.”
Ami shared how their family had stayed in Lahaina earlier that year. While it was difficult for Eddie to understand the disaster at a young age, he wanted to help people in any way he could.
Eddie shared the idea of starting a stand and giving all the money to support casualties. Ami and her husband immediately supported the idea and set up a lemonade stand on Saturday on their busy Seattle street.
The stand ran from 10 am to 6 pm. It sold lemonade, ice cream, sandwiches and even some of Eddie's toys. Lemonade was sold for a dollar each, but most people gave $5, $10 and $20 bills as part of their donation.
The family also posted videos on social media and told their friends and family. To their surprise, their one-day business found success quickly. Back-to-back cars would line up to buy and many donated online. The stand made over $17，000, including online donations.
Eddie had a great time in the whole process. Struck by how his generosity invited others to be generous, Ami and her husband are proud of Eddie's creativity and generosity and happy to support his positive ideas.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年幼的艾迪在无意中听到火灾的报道后，在父母的帮助下支持受灾者的故事。
1．What can we know about Eddie
A．He enjoyed watching TV.
B．He was willing to help others.
C．He understood what the disaster was.
D．He cared little about what happened.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While it was difficult for Eddie...in any way he could.”可知，艾迪很愿意帮助他人。
2．What does the underlined word “casualties” in paragraph 4 probably refer to
A．Parents losing their jobs.
B．Children liking lemonade.
C．Villagers doing some business.
D．People suffering from the fire.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Eddie shared the idea of starting a stand and giving all the money to support”及第一段内容可知，艾迪想要支持遭受火灾的人们。
3．Why did the family post videos on social media probably
A．To call for more donations.
B．To make themselves famous.
C．To attract officials to join them.
D．To share more lemonade with others.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，这家人在社交媒体上发布视频是为了呼吁更多的人捐款，来帮助受灾的人。
4．What does the author want to show by telling the story
A．It's good to set a goal at an early age.
B．Creativity is the key to success.
C．There is no age limit to helping others.
D．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At that point, I realized...proved that we were wrong.”及第三段中的“While it was difficult for Eddie...in any way he could.”可知，作者通过年幼的艾迪的助人之举告诉我们，帮助别人没有年龄限制。
B
(2025·福建永春一中月考)More than 170，000 people in California are unhoused. Even though the state has poured resources into fighting against the problem, the number of people without homes has increased in recent years. On the surface, the state has one key advantage for people without a reliable roof over their heads: relatively consistent and livable weather. So one of my first thoughts when I heard news of a hurricane attacking Los Angeles was just “What will happen to the city's homeless population？”
City agencies quickly took action. As it became clear that the Los Angeles region could experience an extreme downpour and subsequent flooding, outreach teams fanned out across the river bank and dam areas across the city that have become home to a significant unhoused population, offering support to move them into shelters and motels (汽车旅馆).
Despite that, it's obvious that the effects of climate change will hit the most vulnerable (脆弱的) hardest. We see this globally as extreme weather events hit countries that have contributed the least to the problem.
The most notable connection between climate change and the US housing crisis is the threat extreme weather poses to unhoused people. More unhoused people are affected as climate change drives increasingly unpredictable weather. People without homes know how to respond to expected seasonal events. But events like a hurricane in Los Angeles or a wildfire in Maui can catch populations with limited access to information off guard.
Another link worth considering is the way in which climate change creates more homelessness and further stresses on housing systems. Hurricane Katrina, for example, displaced 800，000 people. Four years later, 12，000 people remained without shelter.
Housing has been—and will continue to be—a key issue in Maui too as it recovers from the wildfire that killed more than 100 people. Maui has already had a housing crisis, the result of the high cost of living driven in large part by the tourism industry. And, now, many more are left looking for places to stay. Ashley Kelly, the chief operating officer at Hawaii's Family Life Center, said, “Finding housing for any new clients is just not possible right now.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化与美国住房危机之间的联系。
5．What contributes to the increase of the unhoused population in California
A.Its mild weather.
B．Its inclusive local culture.
C．Its limited basic facilities.
D．Its relaxed state policies.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“On the surface...and livable weather.”可知，相对稳定和宜居的天气是导致加利福尼亚州无家可归人员增加的主要原因。
6．What did outreach teams do in response to the hurricane in Los Angeles
A．They built dams to prevent flooding.
B.They moved homeless people to safe places.
C．They sought low-cost housing from city agencies.
D．They surrounded the river bank to keep people away.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“outreach teams fanned out...into shelters and motels”可知，外展小组把大量无家可归的人转移到避难所和汽车旅馆等安全的地方。
7．Which word can best describe Maui's housing circumstances now according to Ashley Kelly
A．Mysterious.　　　　　B．Exceptional.
C．Changeable. D．Difficult.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中阿什利·凯利说的话“Finding housing for any new clients is just not possible right now.”可知，阿什利·凯利认为现在不可能为任何新客户找到住房。因此在阿什利·凯利看来，毛伊岛现在的住房状况是很艰难的。
8．What is the passage mainly about
A.Ways of Americans relocating disaster-affected populations.
B．The significance of timely weather updates for the homeless.
C.The link between climate change and the housing crisis in the US.
D．Approaches of homeless Americans to dealing with natural disasters.
C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过一些实例，介绍了气候变化与美国住房危机之间的联系。
C
Bumblebee (大黄蜂) populations have declined (下降) by 90 percent in the past 20 years.The decline of the bumblebees is highly concerning as they are significant for ecosystems.They pollinate(授粉) flowers and crops.If their populations were to continue to decline, crops would not be able to produce fruit and vegetables.Despite being small，they are important to nature's balance.
And now，a new study published in the Frontiers in Bee Science has found that the rising heat caused by global warming might be a reason for the decrease in numbers across the globe.“The decline in populations and ranges of several species of bumblebees may be explained by issues of overheating of the nests，” Peter Kevan of the University of Guelph in Canada and lead author of the study said in a statement.
Kevan and his colleagues decided to take a closer look at the facts relating to bumblebee populations across the world.Kevan and the colleagues looked at 180 years of literature on the species and found one common reason across all bumblebee species that they can survive in temperatures up to 36 degrees Celsius，but the perfect temperature for nests is between 28 to 32 degrees Celsius.They are unlikely to be able to adjust themselves to the extent that rising temperatures due to climate change require，the study reports.While individual bees may be able to deal with increased heat better than others, the study notes that if nests are too hot，the groups will not survive.
“The effect of high nest temperatures has not been studied very much，which is surprising，”Kevan said.Similar studies have been done on honeybees (蜜蜂), another threatened yet highly important species.This suggests further that heat stress is a major factor in bees' overall decline.
Although the studies led by Kevan have limitations，the potential effects for bumblebee health and conversation are large and long-term.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，全球变暖导致的升温可能是全球范围内大黄蜂数量减少的原因。
9．What do we know about bumblebees from paragraph 1
A．Their populations have decreased a lot in the last two decades.
B．Americans are concerned about their living environment.
C．They tend to depend on flowers and crops to survive.
D．They have been extinct for decades in America.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Bumblebee populations have declined by 90 percent in the past 20 years.”可知，在过去的二十年里，大黄蜂的数量减少了很多。
10．How did Kevan and his coworkers carry out the study
A.They raised bumblebees to observe them.
B．They studied literature on bumblebees.
C．They conducted experiments on bumblebees.
D.They focused on studying individual bumblebees.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Kevan and the colleagues looked at 180 years of literature on the species”可知，凯旺和他的同事通过研究关于大黄蜂的文献来进行这项研究。
11．What is the author's attitude toward Kevan's studies
A．Unclear. B．Uninterested.
C．Doubtful. D．Supportive.
D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者对凯旺的研究持支持态度。
12．What is the passage mainly about
A．Big influences of small bumblebees.
B．Protection measures for bumblebees.
C.The impact of climate change on honeybees.
D.The main reason for the decline of the bumblebee populations.
D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了大黄蜂数量下降的主要原因。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·昭通期中)Landslides occur when large quantities of substances(物质), including rocks, earth, and trees, slide down a slope(斜坡). They may occur as a result of fires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storms, or human activities. Landslides are particularly dangerous because they strike suddenly, move at extremely high speed, and travel long distances. Although landslides are often difficult to predict, you can prepare for them. 1.________　
Keep yourself alert and awake. Landslides can occur quite suddenly, so you need to be ready to take action at a moment's notice. Many landslide-related deaths occur while people are asleep. 2.________
3．________ Your local community should have a designated(指定的) public shelter. Go to the shelter if your home is unsafe or the authorities have called for an evacuation.
Consult local officials about past landslides. Landslides tend to happen in the same area where they have occurred before. 4.________ If you are in an at-risk area, consider getting a site analysis of your property. This will help you determine necessary corrective measures.
Make an emergency kit. 5.________ Make your kit in advance so it is ready when needed. Your kit should contain enough food and water for at least 72 hours, as well as supplies like medications, flashlights, batteries, cellphones, copies of personal documents, and cash.
A．Notice unusual sounds.
B．Go to a public shelter.
C．Here are some tips which can help you.
D．Talk to local officials about landslides in your area.
E．In the event of a landslide or other emergencies, choose a place.
F．If you are with other people, work together to keep one another awake.
G．An emergency kit contains the essentials that your household will need during an emergency.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何应对滑坡给出了一些具体可行的建议。
1．C　解析：空处上句提到，虽然滑坡很难预测，但是你可以为滑坡做一些准备工作。下文给出了四条具体的建议。C项承上启下，符合语境。
2．F　解析：本段主旨句为“Keep yourself alert and awake.”，空前讲到许多与滑坡有关的死亡发生在人们睡着的时候。F项承接上文且与本段主旨句意思一致，符合语境。
3．B　解析：空处为主旨句，本段建议在滑坡发生的时候到指定的公共避难所避难。B项总结下文，符合语境。
4．D　解析：本段主旨句为“Consult local officials about past landslides.”，D项承接上文且与本段主旨句意思一致，符合语境。
5．G　解析：根据本段主旨句“Make an emergency kit.”可知，本段给出的建议是准备一个应急包。G项与本段主旨相关，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·厦门双十中学高一期中)Global climate change is not a future problem. Effects that scientists had long predicted would result 1.____________ global climate change are now occurring. Some changes (such as droughts, wildfires, and extreme rainfall) are happening faster than scientists previously 2.__________(assess). In fact, modern humans have never seen such changes in global climate before, some of 3.____________ are so serious that they are unable to recover over the next hundreds to thousands of years.
Scientists are 4.____________(high) confident that global temperatures will rise continuously for decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases 5.____________(produce) by human activities. It 6.____________(report) that human emissions of heat-trapping gases have warmed the climate by nearly 1.1℃ since the pre-industrial period. To make matters 7.____________(bad), half of the world's population are likely to be exposed to extreme weather events by 2030.
The 8.____________(severe) of effects caused by climate change will depend on 9.____________ path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate extremes and widespread damaging effects across our planet. 10.____________ we reduce emissions, we may not avoid some of their worst effects.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。越来越多的温室气体排放导致了更多的极端气候，作者呼吁我们应减少排放，避免一些最坏的影响。
1．from　解析：考查介词。固定短语result from...意为“由……引起”。
2．assessed　解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句是than引导的比较状语从句，空处作从句谓语；根据previously可知，此处应用一般过去时。
3．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，前面已有主句，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是changes，指物，关系词在从句中作介词of 的宾语，应用which 引导。
4．highly　解析：考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词confident。
5．produced　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，从句已有谓语动词 will rise，所以空处应用非谓语形式；根据空后的by可知，此处表被动，应用过去分词形式。
6．is reported　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是固定句型 It is reported that...，意为“据报道……”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时。
7．worse　解析：考查形容词比较级。此处是固定搭配to make matters worse，意为“更糟糕的是”。
8．severity　解析：考查名词。空前是定冠词The，空后是介词 of，空处应用名词作主语，severe的名词形式是 severity。
9．the　解析：考查冠词。此处特指未来人类活动的路径，应用定冠词the。
10．Unless　解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，本句由两个分句构成，所以空处应填连词；结合句意可知，此处表达“除非”之意，应用unless引导条件状语从句。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the novel The Last Days of Pompeii about
A．How people discovered and unearthed the old city Pompeii.
B.The main reasons why Mount Vesuvius erupted and the destruction it brought about.
C．The imagined life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius erupted.
D.How the government of Pompeii rescued the citizens when Mount Vesuvius erupted.
答案：C
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答案：1.erupted　2.happened　3.unearthed
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1．What can we know according to the text
A．People can imagine the life of the whole Roman Empire from the life in Pompeii.
B．There were few trading ships in the port in Pompeii.
C．Mount Vesuvius hadn't erupted before the year 79.
D．Pompeii was not a typical Roman city.
2．How did people react when the disaster happened
A．They were so nervous and panicked.
B．They were so calm that they left their home safely.
C．They were so helpless but they were rescued.
D．They were hurried to a safe place.
3．What was Pompeii look like when it was unearthed
A．It was totally in ruins.
B．It had changed a lot since it was buried and couldn't be recognized.
C．It was as beautiful as before.
D．It was fresh as if people had just left.
4．What can we learn from the remains of the city
A．Nobody can conquer natural disasters.
B．People's lives are short, so we should value them.
C.People shouldn't be afraid of nature.
D．Life is so long and we have nothing to worry about.
答案：1～4.AADB
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Edward was a 1.talented(talent) British writer 2.who/that left his mark on the English language. His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius erupted. This terrible 3.natural(nature) disaster destroyed Pompeii completely, 4.but it also kept the ancient city as it was for future ages. Since 1748, Pompeii 5.has__been__unearthed(unearth) systematically. Today it is 6.an international tourist destination.
Nearly seventeen centuries had rolled away 7.before the city of Pompeii 8.was__dug(dig) from its silent resting place. Its walls were fresh as if 9.painted(paint) yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. The remains of the beautiful city survive to remind us that human 10.lives(life) burn bright and short.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．hurricane n.　　　A．(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜
2．charity n. B．高耸入云的，耸入云霄的
3．honey n. C．火山
4．Roman adj. D．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容
5．bar n. E．树干
6．cloud-capped adj. F．覆盖着灰的；灰色的
7．ashy adj. G．柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列
8．volcano n. H．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍
9．trunk n. I．飓风
10．column n. J．古罗马的；罗马的
答案：1～5.IDAJH　6～10.BFCEG
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．run out of supplies　供应耗尽
2．a family caught in a flood
被困在洪水中的一家人
3．downstairs in the living room
在楼下的起居室
4．otherwise the moving water could wash the car away否则流动的水会把汽车冲走
5．beyond in the distance 远处
6．the rich pattern of its floors
地板上丰富的图案
7．make an information folder about rescue methods 制作一个关于救援方法的信息文件夹
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊；使气愤→shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
2．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的；恐惧的；畏惧的
3．power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.有影响力的；强有力的→(反义词)powerless adj.无影响力的；无权力的；无能为力的
4．donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n.捐献；捐赠→donor n．捐献者；捐赠者
5．curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇；好奇心
6．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．(火山)爆发
7．import n．进口产品，输入的产品；输入vt.进口，引进→(反义词)export n．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出→port n．港口，避风港；港口城市
8．unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→(反义词) bearable adj.可忍受的；能应付的→bear v．忍受
9．distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→distant adj.遥远的；(指人)远亲的，冷淡的
10．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.鲜明地；明显地→sharpen v．(使)变得锋利
11．locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)→location n．地方；地点；位置
12．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职→retirement n.退休→retired adj.退休的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．During vigorous exercise, our muscles tire as they run__out__of(用完) fuel and build up waste products.
2．There are many homeless people due__to(由于) the earthquake.
3．Nowadays, cycling, along__with(与……一起) jogging and swimming, is regarded as one of the best all－round forms of exercise.
4．The fire gradually got bigger and bigger. Sparks flew off in__all__directions(向四面八方).
5．I'd like to buy a house—modern, comfortable, and above__all(最重要的是) in a quiet neighborhood.
6．This disease often takes__the__form__of(采取……的形式) high fever.
7．When World War Ⅰ broke__out(爆发), he seemed to have become another man.
8．At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in__the__distance(在远处), they heard the crash of falling roofs.
9．They searched far__and__wide(到处) for the missing child.
10．I can remember the whole thing as__if(好像) it happened yesterday.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“there be nothing to do but do sth.”意为“除了做某事之外别无选择”
The roads were blocked, so there__was__nothing__for__me__to__do__but__stay__inside(对我来说除了待在室内之外别无选择).
2．while表示对比
Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while__Mum__was__putting(而妈妈在放置) their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
3．“might/may have done”结构
Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might__have__warned(本来可以警告) the city what was to come！(Para.1)
[分析]　本句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词eruptions；what引导宾语从句。
4．so引起倒装句
So__came__the__earthquake(接着，地震来了)...and so__ended__life(生命就此终结) in Pompeii.(Para.4)
5．which引导非限制性定语从句
The Great St Bernard Hospice, which__was__built__in__1049__for__travellers__in__Switzerland(于1049年为瑞士的旅行者建造的), raised a type of dog known as the St Bernard.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P56]))
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shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动；令人震惊的事；休克　vt.使震惊
【经典例句】
①(教材P20)As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.　你可以想象，这着实有点震惊。
②(外研必修一U5)When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中回过神来时，我查看了相机。
(1)in (a state of) shock　震惊地，吃惊地
with shock 震惊地
to one's shock 令某人震惊的是
be a shock to sb. 使某人震惊
(2)shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的
be shocked at/by... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Jane was shocked(shock) to find that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying. [读后续写之心理描写]
(2)What I know is that almost 1，000 people lost their lives in the floods last year. It's really shocking(shock).
(3)It was really a shock that the match we had been looking forward to was postponed due to the terrible weather.
(4)听到这个消息后，笑容从他的脸上消失，他吃惊地睁大了眼睛。
After he heard the news, the smile disappeared from his face, and his__eyes__widened__in__shock．[读后续写之情绪描写]
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scare vt.& vi. 惊吓，害怕　n．恐慌；惊吓
【经典例句】
①(人教必修三U2)She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.　在面试时，她太害怕了以至于完全忘了如何回答问题。
②(北师大必修一U3) Mrs Chen said that it was to scare away the monster Nian.
陈太太说这是为了吓跑年兽。
(1)scare away/off　　　吓走，吓跑
scare sb./sth. into doing sth.
恐吓某人/某物做某事；使某人/某物受惊吓而做某事
(2)scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某事
害怕/恐惧做某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
(3)scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
(1)The sudden appearance of the cute rabbit scared my horse into running like crazy.
(2)The scared look suggested that there must be something scary around her.(scare)
(3)当看到一个人在黑暗中慢慢朝我走来时，我吓得要死。
I was__scared__to__death when I saw someone walking slowly towards me in the dark.[读后续写之心理描写]
(4)My husband and I were scared that we would be hurt by the fierce bear and thus, our teeth were chattering.
→My husband and I were__scared__to__be__hurt/of__being__hurt by the fierce bear and thus, our teeth were chattering.
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power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量
【经典例句】
①(外研必修二U3)Then I discovered an app called Running Power.
然后，我发现了一个名为“跑步力量”的软件。
②Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
杰克正在实验室工作，这时停电了。
(1)have the power to do sth.　具有做某事的能力
(2)within one's power 在某人能力范围之内
beyond/out of one's power
超出某人的能力范围
do everything/all in one's power (to do sth.) 尽力(做某事)
(3)be in power　　　执政
come to power (开始)掌权；上台执政
(4)powerful adj. 强大的；强有力的；
有权力的
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修一U4)The most powerful(power) earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia, India.
(2)(北师大必修二U4)When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to__create(create) new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
(3)I'm sorry it is beyond/out__of__my__power(超出了我的能力范围) to finish a final report in such a short time.
(4)作为你最亲密的朋友，我会竭尽全力帮你摆脱困境。
As your closest friend, I will do__everything__in__my__power__to__help__you__out．
[应用文写作之安慰信]
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run out of 用完，耗尽(及物动词短语，
其主语通常为人)
【经典例句】 (人教必修三U4)It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
地球上的资源将会耗尽，因此有必要为人类在太空中找到一个新的家园。
run out　　　　用完；耗尽
give out 用尽，精疲力竭(不及物动词短语，无被动语态)
use up 用完，耗尽(及物动词短语)
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)Once the food runs out,__the country will face hunger and starvation again.
(2)At that time he had used up all his savings.
(3)如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。
→If we keep using the water like this, we__will__soon__run__out__of__it/use__it__up．
→If we keep using the water like this, it'll__soon__run__out/give__out．
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈5F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈5F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
supply n.补给，[pl.]补给品；供应；供应量，储备　vt.供应，供给，提供
【经典例句】
①(外研必修二U6)We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream.
我们还看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些变化影响了下游的供水。
②(人教必修三U1)This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food.
这个重要的农业节日会在所有庄稼收割完毕后举行。人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。
（1）be in short supply　　　　　供应短缺
a supply of/supplies of... ……的供应
supply and demand 供求关系
（2）为某人提供某物
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)The libraries in many cities are well supplied with books on many different subjects, providing a rich resource for people to expand their knowledge and interests.
(2)Water is still in__short__supply(供应短缺) in many areas, so we should realize the importance of water conservation.
(3)此外，这次比赛将会给你提供一个发展创造力，同时与有相同兴趣的同学们建立友谊的机会。
Moreover, the competition will supply/provide__you__with__a__chance__to__develop__your__creativity and build friendship with students who share the same interest with you.[应用文写作之告知信]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠，赠送；献(血)
【经典例句】 (教材P20)Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities.　幸运的是，许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣物。
(1)donate...to...　 向……捐赠……
(2)donation n. 捐赠；捐献；捐款；捐赠物
make a donation/donations to...
向……捐赠
(3)donor n. 捐赠者；捐献者
【单句语法填空/补全句子】
(1)As a man of the soil, Yuan Longping cared little for celebrity or money.Instead, he made large donations(donate) to support agricultural research.
(2)The old man donated__a__lot__of__money__to__the__school(把大量的钱捐赠给了学校), enabling the students to return to their classroom.
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈7F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈7F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
curious adj.好奇的；奇特的；求知欲强的
【经典例句】
①(教材P23)She was curious to see how much water there was outside.
她好奇地想看看外面有多少水。
②It's widely believed that being curious about the world is the greatest motivation in learning.
人们普遍认为，对世界感到好奇是学习的最大动力。
(1)be curious about...　　对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)curiosity n. 好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity 好奇地
(3)curiously adv. 好奇地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修一WELCOME UNIT)I'm an active person and I love sports.I'm curious about everything.[应用文写作之申请信]
(2)I am curious to__get (get) the chance to be a volunteer of our school's English Association.[应用文写作之申请信]
(3)波比一看到那只小狗就高兴地跳了起来。她低下头好奇地看着它。
Poppy jumped with joy at the sight of the little dog. She lowered__her__head__to__watch__it__curiously/with__curiosity．
[读后续写之动作描写]
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take the form of 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
【经典例句】 (教材P25)It took the form of a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire!
它的形状像一棵大树：树干呈黑色，树枝是烈火！
(1)form n.　　　　　 表；形式；外形
v. 形成；构成
(2)form the habit of... 养成……的习惯
(3)in the form of... 以……的形式；呈……的状态
fill in/out a form 填表格
【补全句子】
(1)Since then, I have__formed__the__habit__of__playing__basketball(已经养成了打篮球的习惯) with my friends, which helps me to grow stronger and become more confident.
(2)He made the suggestion in__the__form__of(以……的形式) a question.
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distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
【经典例句】
①(北师大必修一U2)As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
正如人们常说的，任何运动都比不运动好，特别是长跑有很多好处。
②Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way.
早期的研究发现，它们流过很长的距离后汇入海洋，损害了沿途的生态系统。
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远
at a distance of... 在……远的距离
within walking distance 步行就能到
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Polar bears—like all wild animals—should be photographed at/from a distance.
(2)Much to our delight, the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.
(3)我惊恐地发现我的同学们都与我保持着一定的距离，这使我更难适应新学校。
I was alarmed to find that my classmates kept__me__at__a__distance/kept__their__distance__from__me,__which made it even more difficult for me to fit in the new school.
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rescue n.& vt.救援，营救，抢救
【经典例句】
①(教材P27)Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land.
狗在陆地上的救援工作中非常有帮助。
②In the face of the flood disaster, the local government launched a large-scale rescue operation.
面对洪灾，当地政府开展了一场大规模的救援行动。
(1) come/go to sb.'s rescue　来/去营救某人
rescue team/worker 救援队/救援人员
(2)rescue...from... 把……从……中营救出来
(3)rescuer n. 救助者
【补全句子/完成句子】
(1)When we were in trouble, a stranger came/went__to__our__rescue(来营救我们), and his selfless act became an inspiration to us to always be ready to lend a hand to others in the future.
(2)她热泪盈眶，向帮助从火灾中救出孩子们的邻居们表示衷心的感谢。
Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfelt gratitude to the neighbors who__had__helped__to__rescue__the__children__from__the__fire．
[读后续写之动作描写]
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while表示对比
【经典例句】
①(教材P23)Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
爸爸正在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们的重要文件和救灾物资放进一个袋子里。
②While it was difficult to leave my hometown, I knew it was the right decision for my future.
虽然离开家乡很难，但我知道这对我的未来是正确的决定。
教材原句中while作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而、然而”。
(1)当while作从属连词，引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”； while从句中常用延续性动词；
(2)当while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然”，从句一般位于主句前。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Some people are in favour of building a swimming pool for children, while others are against it.
(2)You should finish your work before nine o'clock; however,__you can have a break before you start it.
(3)I really want to go shopping with you, but I do have no money.
(4)虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营中相处得很好。
While__the__students__came__from__different__countries,__they got along well in the summer camp.
INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
while作并列连词用时，意为“然而”，表对比关系。but作并列连词用时，表转折关系。however不能像but那样直接连接两个句子(两句中间有标点)。
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“might/may have done”结构
【经典例句】
①(教材P25)Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come!
火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，即将到来的是什么！
②I'm not sure where John is, but he may have gone to the library.
我不确定约翰在哪里，但他可能去了图书馆。
“might/may have done”结构有两种含义：
(1)表示过去本可以做而实际并没有做，含有轻微的责备或惋惜之意；
(2)表示对过去发生的事情的推测，意思是“或许已经做了某事”。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)He may have__received(receive) the letter last week.
(2)I might have__taken(take) another path when I had the choices.
(3)要不是妈妈坚持让她去，她可能就失去这个机会了。
She might/may__have__lost__the__opportunity if her mother hadn't insisted on her going.
(4)你本可以考虑一下他的建议的。
You might/may__have__considered his suggestion.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[学生用书P61]))
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The beach is within walking distance(distant) of my house, so you can walk there easily.
2．The Internet has the power to__connect (connect) people across the world to a single shared community.
3．The money was being kept in reserve for their retirement(retire).
4．The boy was curious to__know(know) what was in the bag. To satisfy his curiosity(curious), he opened it and saw the things inside.
5．Scared(scare) to death, my colleague didn't know how to deal with the whole horrible matter.
6．Conditions are getting worse and supplies are running out．
7．At the news, many people all over the country made donations(donate) to the earthquake-stricken area.
8．It came as a shock to hear that all the fish died overnight for lack of oxygen.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．一些国家有丰富的石油，然而另一些国家却一点也没有。(while表示对比)
Some countries have plenty of oil, while__others__have__nothing．
2．这本书会为你提供你所需要的信息。
The book will supply__you__with__the__information__(that/which)__you__need．
3．市中心突然发生火灾，导致居民陷入混乱。
A__sudden__fire__broke__out in the city center, causing chaos among the residents.
4．他提出这个问题是出于好奇心，而非出于求知欲。
He asked the question out__of__curiosity rather than out of his desire for knowledge.
5．也许你已经对曾经热爱过的工作失去了所有兴趣。
You might/may__have__lost__all__interest in a job which you once enjoyed.

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