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　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The senior editor especially said that this article needed to be polished/polishing(polish).
2．The extension(extend) of the school day has been proposed to provide more time for after-class activities.
3．A wave of fear swept over her. Her throat tightened(tight) and her knees felt weak.
4．The librarians(library) actively collected the books of the world, accelerating the spread of knowledge.
5．This man deserves his status as one of the most popular composers(compose) in Western musical history.
6．He demanded that the materials referred(refer) to should be sorted out immediately.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．She did tell me about her address but I forgot all about it.
2．We have conducted a thorough investigation in/with reference to your complaint.
3．A smile happens in a flash, but its memory can last a lifetime.
4．The company will extend the working hours by three hours every day to meet the production target.
5．And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.
维度三　完成句子
1．学校附近有个树木环绕的美丽公园。(with复合结构)
Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around it．
2．这些小小的举动确实让人们感受到了节日的温暖。(“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语)
These small acts did make people feel the warmth of the festival.
3．我发现自己对这些课外活动感兴趣，因为参加这些课外活动可以帮助我减少压力。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
I find myself interested in these out-of-class activities as taking part in them can help me reduce my pressure.
4．我从未见过这样令人惊叹的景色，郁郁葱葱的青山一望无际，天空湛蓝得和海洋一样深。(never置于句首引起部分倒装)
Never have I seen such a breathtaking view, a panorama of lush green hills that stretch as far as the eye can see, framed by a sky so blue that it can rival the ocean depths.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自北师大选必二U5】
It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding. To start with, we need questions. Then, to find answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although today we are more used to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to give us an answer, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world's problems with this type of analysis—luckily for us.
However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon (1561－1626) suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day.Although Bacon held an important rank in King James' royal court of England, his true interest was not the day-to-day, slow and inefficient working style of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge. This was certainly not the interest of most people in his days. At that time, people believed more in the church than in facts, and people like Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), who proved the idea that “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and didn't want to challenge what they had always comfortably believed. In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe views that were almost 2，000 years old!
It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive ideas as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BCE). He said that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still. Galilei disagreed. At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison. They didn't want to abandon what they'd always thought as true. And this is still often true today. People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so. But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times. And Galilei also made mistakes. He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. He was wrong.
1．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The development of scientific thinking.
B．The conflict between Francis Bacon and the church.
C．The mistakes of Galilei and Aristotle.
D.The importance of questioning traditional beliefs.
2．What does the underlined word“primitive”mean in paragraph 3
A.Advanced.
B．Simple and old-fashioned.
C．Scientific.
D．Modern.
3．What can we infer from the passage
A.People in the 17th century were more open to new ideas than people today.
B.Francis Bacon's ideas were immediately accepted in his time.
C.Galilei's imprisonment shows that people were reluctant to accept new ideas.
D．Aristotle's ideas are still considered correct today.
4．What did Francis Bacon's true interest lie in
A．The daily work of the government.
B．The power struggles in the royal court.
C．The search for knowledge.
D．Defending the church's views.
答案：1～4.ABCC
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·苏州高二检测)I was 18 when I first went to sea as a tourist.As a teenager who always looked for novelty and a real adventure, I joined the Merchant Navy immediately after school. I got a round-the-world journey as my first trip. We went to South Africa, Australia and New Zealand and sailed down the Panama Canal.Over the next 15 years, I enjoyed a joyful life as a steward, working long hours but playing hard. Then on the evening of my 33rd birthday in November 1983, we stopped in Trinidad and a group of us went to the land to celebrate.But when I opened my eyes at noon the next day, I knew I was suffering from more than just the typical effects of being drunk and staying up all night—I found I could see nothing.
As I was helped off the ship, I tried to calm down, assuming the situation was temporary. Later, I flew back to the UK and was examined by a specialist.He told me I had a rare serious medical condition，which could make me blind for the rest of my life.I couldn't process what I'd heard at first; it just didn't seem to make sense.
In the following months, I felt my life was over.I had lost not only my sight but also my independence—I was trapped in my house with no income.At first, I found it difficult to make my way from one room to another, and the thought of going outside filled me with anxiety.
The turning point came when I went on a camping holiday with other visually impaired people—it made such a difference to be able to talk to people who understood my situation. Later, I started a two-year course at the Royal National Institute for the Blind, learning new skills.Halfway through the course, I got my first guide dog, Otis, which changed everything.I had a friend who always stayed with me—it was as if all the difficulties had disappeared and the sense of regaining freedom was exciting.
Shortly after that, I started working again, and have since enjoyed a rewarding career with organizations that help visually impaired people.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者原本热爱冒险，但意外失明，一度一蹶不振，在和视力受损的人交流后开始了新生活的故事。
1．What kind of life did the author live before his 33rd birthday
A．Hard but rewarding.
B．Regular and boring.
C．Lonely but peaceful.
D．Adventurous and happy.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As a teenager...immediately after school.”和“Over the next 15 years...but playing hard.”可知，他在33岁生日之前过着冒险又快乐的生活。
2．How did the author probably feel after learning about his condition from the UK specialist
A．Shocked.　　　　　 B．Relaxed.
C．Regretful. D．Disappointed.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I couldn't process...didn't seem to make sense.”可推知，从英国专家那里得知自己的病情后，作者十分震惊。
3．What changed the author's attitude towards his life with blindness
A．The company of a guide dog.
B．A course in special education.
C．A talk with others having similar struggles.
D．A rewarding job helping other blind people.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The turning point came...who understood my situation.”可知，和有相似处境的人交谈改变了作者对失明生活的态度。
4．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Knowledge Has No Limit
B．Losing Sight Doesn't End My Life
C．Regained Freedom Is More Valuable
D．Guide Dogs Help Rebuild My Confidence
B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者原本热爱冒险，但意外失明，一度一蹶不振，在和视力受损的人交流后开始了新生活的故事，B项最适合作文章标题。
B
(2025·重庆育才中学月考)Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven't worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of Maybe you say instinctively, “I can't throw that away because I paid good money for it.” If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (沉没成本谬误). It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit. This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits.
Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey revealing that people are influenced by the sunk cost fallacy in their decisions. Participants were asked to imagine a situation where they accidentally booked two ski tickets for the same date, spending $100 on a ski trip to Michigan and $50 on Wisconsin. They were also told the latter would be more enjoyable. It turned out that 54% chose to go up to Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made greater initial investment.
The sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions. Once we've invested in a choice, we feel guilt or regret if we don't follow through, without realizing that past investment won't be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits. This may be due to loss aversion (厌恶), where people place more weight on losses than on gains. As a result, our decisions often aim to avoid losses instead of seeking the benefits gained if we let go of the past commitment.
No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance with some phrases, like “Never give up! Don't waste.” But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all. You might realize a path you're on is no longer the right one or never was. That's a painful recognition.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“沉没成本谬误”这种心理陷阱，认为应该客观地看待“毅力”和“放弃”。
5．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the passage
A．People benefit from sticking with a plan.
B．People's consumption view has changed.
C．People refuse to give up the past commitment.
D．People's clothes are becoming more expensive.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中舍不得丢掉很多年都不穿的旧衣服的例子及“It occurs when...outweigh the benefits.”可知，作者在文章开头描述的现象是人们不愿意放弃自己已经投入太多的事情。
6．Why did 54% of the participants choose the Michigan trip
A．To save more of the loss.
B．To appear more reasonable.
C．To make greater investment.
D．To enjoy more of themselves.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中的“This may be due to...the past commitment.”可知，54%的参与者选择了密歇根之旅是为了避免更多的损失。
7．When does the “sunk cost fallacy” occur
A．When we don't follow through our choices.
B．When we attach more importance to potential gains.
C．When we feel it worthwhile to invest in past decisions.
D．When we emotionally stick with investment already made.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The sunk cost fallacy takes place...future costs and benefits.”可知，当我们在情绪化地坚持已经做出的投资时，“沉没成本谬误”就会发生。
8．What is the author's attitude toward “perseverance”？
A．Favorable. B．Objective.
C．Critical. D．Unclear.
B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“No one can deny the fact...But only you know the right path for you.”可推知，作者认为应该客观地看待“毅力”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
In my 30s, I decided to learn to ride a bike.When I was young, I had no one to teach me.My mom remarried after divorce when I was 6.I remembered I was 1 because I was the only kid over 6 who still relied on training wheels.Then my step dad removed them, but in doing that, I lost interest and 2 in the activity.I was worried I'd fall off.
Not knowing how to ride didn't 3 me initially, until we moved to the suburbs when I was 12 years old, where bicycles were 4 ．On 5 to the convenience store to buy candy with my friends, I was always the last to arrive, on foot.
In my early 30s, I remember feeling 6 as I watched young children learn to 7 on bikes.Among them were my neighbors, whom I would occasionally 8 ．Then something changed.The fear within was still there, but something much stronger was 9 ．
I decided to join a women's bike riding workshop.There, I stood in an urban park, determined to overcome my 10 ．Meeting women from diverse backgrounds, all seeking cycling skills for various reasons, strengthened my 11 ．Before long, I was riding 12 ．
13 the joy of riding, I bought my own bike, not just for getting around but to 14 lost time back.It wasn't simply a bike; it represented a 15 I missed earlier.I completely engaged myself in the experience, enjoying the scenery and the breeze on my face.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在30多岁时克服恐惧，学习骑自行车的经历和感悟。
1．A.joked　　　　　　　 B．stuck
C．cheated D．misunderstood
A　解析：根据下文“because I was the only kid over 6 who still relied on training wheels”和常识可知，一个6岁多的孩子骑车依赖辅助轮，会被其他人拿来开玩笑(joke)。
2．A.ability B．confidence
C．strength D．ambition
B　解析：根据下文“I was worried I'd fall off.”可知，作者担心摔倒，说明她对骑自行车这件事缺乏信心(confidence)。
3．A.confuse B．bother
C．surprise D．please
B　解析：根据下文“On _________to the convenience store to buy candy with my friends, I was always the last to arrive, on foot.”可知，在郊区生活的时候，她的朋友都会骑自行车，作者才发现自行车很流行(popular)，所以之前不会骑车并没有困扰(bother)到她。
4．A.rare B．limited
C．forbidden D．popular
D　解析：参见上题解析。
5．A.bikes B．hikes
C．adventures D．trips
D　解析：根据下文“I was always the last to arrive, on foot”可知，此处指作者和她的朋友们去便利店买糖果的途中，on trips to意为“在……的途中”。
6．A.envious B．confused
C．annoyed D．fortunate
A　解析：根据下文“I decided to join a women's bike riding workshop.”和语境可知，作者羡慕(envious)小孩子们学习骑自行车，因此决定参加一个女性骑自行车练习班。
7．A.improve B．balance
C．wave D．perform
B　解析：根据“learn to _________on bikes”及常识可知，要学习骑自行车需要学会保持平衡(balance)。
8．A.observe B．coach
C．babysit D．criticize
C　解析：根据上文“Among them were my neighbors, whom I would occasionally”和语境可知，学习骑自行车的小孩子中有一些是作者临时照顾(babysit)过的邻居家的孩子。
9．A.working out B．taking over
C．going off D．stepping aside
B　解析：根据下文“I decided to join a women's bike riding workshop.”可知，作者决定参加一个女性骑自行车练习班，说明她心中某种更强烈的东西正在占据上风(take over)。
10．A.embarrassment B．tiredness
C．disappointment D．fear
D　解析：根据上文“The fear within was still there，but something much stronger was _______．” 可知，作者决心克服自己的恐惧(fear)。
11．A.connection B．exchange
C．determination D．commitment
C　解析：根据上文“Meeting women from...for various reasons”和语境可知，作者遇见了很多和她一起学习骑自行车的人，这些人使她更加坚定了决心(determination)。
12．A.slowly B．nervously
C．hesitantly D．smoothly
D　解析：根据下文“the joy of riding”可知，作者不久之后就可以顺利地(smoothly)骑自行车了。
13．A.Assessing B．Embracing
C．Reflecting D．Casting
B　解析：根据下文“I bought my own bike”可知，作者买了自行车，想要拥抱(embrace)骑行的乐趣。
14．A.fight B．hold
C．give D．claim
D　解析：根据上文“In my early 30s”可知，作者是30多岁才学会骑自行车的，她买自行车是为了找回失去的时间，claim...back为固定搭配，意为“取回；索回”。
15．A.lesson B．mission
C．chance D．training
C　解析：根据下文“I completely engaged...breeze on my face.”可知，作者以前不会骑自行车时错过了体验骑行乐趣的机会(chance)。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·上海交大附中高二期中)As a manager, I was 1.____________(stress) all the time, travelling once or twice a month, 2.____________(occasional) internationally, and work followed me everywhere. Soon after I quit the terrible job last year, the demands on my time were far 3.____________(few). Still, my anxiety persisted—the kind of restlessness that would keep me from being able to comfortably sit. I tried therapy and meditation (冥想), 4._______________the feeling that I should be doing something all the time was interfering (妨碍) with my life.
So when I heard about this Dutch concept “niksen”， I was willing to give it 5._______________shot. It refers to the practice of intentionally engaging in activities 6._______________a specific goal, allowing the mind to rest and wander freely. It's difficult to do nothing, especially when you have the instinct to do something all the time. I had to remove all the social media 7.____________(app) from my phone, in case I was tempted to check them. As my phone's distractions 8.____________(silence), it became easier to just sit there. Still, it was nearly impossible to shut off the voice in my head. My anxious mind grew more anxious each time I tried to empty it. I didn't feel the comfort provided by niksen until I tried it for a minute of two at a time. While 9.____________(wait) for coffee, I watched the coffee drip into the cup. It was both exceptionally boring and a relief. Ah, I thought this was what I was supposed 10.____________(do).
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者个人的经历和对niksen这一概念的理解和尝试，展现了作者的思考，以及寻求内心平静和放松的过程。
1．stressed　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词形式作表语，表示“焦虑不安的”。
2．occasionally　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰副词，表示“偶尔”，应用副词形式。
3．fewer　解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据句意及空前的 far 可知，空处应用形容词的比较级。
4．but/yet　解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，空处前后形成转折，应用转折连词but/yet。
5．a　解析：考查冠词。give it a shot为固定用法，意为“试一试”。
6．without　解析：考查介词。根据句意及下文“rest and wander freely”可知，此处表示“没有”，应用介词 without。
7．apps　解析：考查名词复数。app是可数名词，结合空前的all及空后的them可知，此处应用复数形式。
8．were silenced　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处是从句的谓语动词。根据下文became可知，空处应用一般过去时；my phone's distractions与silence之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，be动词应用were。
9．waiting　解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知，状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，都是I，完整的状语从句为While I was waiting for coffee。又因为状语从句谓语中有be动词，故可以将状语从句的主语和be动词省略，应用waiting。
10．to do　解析：考查非谓语动词。be supposed to do sth.为固定用法，意为“应该做某事”。Period 3　Writing
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写作一　应用文写作(呼吁阅读的倡议书)
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为了鼓励人们多读书，联合国教科文组织确定4月23日为“世界读书日(World Book Day)”。请你写一篇英语短文，呼吁同学们多读书。内容包括：
1.简述世界读书日(时间及目的)；
2.读书的益处；
3.呼吁同学们多读书。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
　审题谋篇
　遣词造句
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[第一段]　介绍倡议内容
1．世界读书日是每年4月23日举行的活动，其目的是鼓励更多的人养成阅读习惯。
World Book Day is a yearly event on April 23 and the aim of it is to encourage more people to form the habit of reading．
[第二段]　介绍倡议内容的好处
2．首先，读书充实我们的思想，并教会我们如何明辨是非。
To begin with, reading books enriches our mind and teaches us how to distinguish between right and wrong．
3．更重要的是，它开阔我们的眼界，也给我们智慧，因此帮助我们更明智地生活。
What's more, it broadens our horizons, gives us wisdom and thus helps us live more wisely．
4．最后但同等重要的是，它也可以给我们带来比看电视或网上冲浪能够带来的更多的想象力。
Last but not least, it can also bring us more imagination than watching TV or surfing the Internet can do.
[第三段]　总结并发出呼吁
5．既然读书对我们如此有利，我们可以使它成为我们生活当中必不可少的一部分。
Since reading books is so beneficial to us, we can make it an essential part of our life．
6．人要活到老学到老。
One is never too old to learn．
7．无论你什么时候意识到读书的重要性，你都可以享受它！
No matter when you realize the importance of reading books, you can enjoy it!
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8．[读教材原句]　(北师大选必二U6)And possibly the best proof of a successful adaptation is the James Bond series, the majority of which has been adapted from the 007 novels of Ian Fleming.
[记句式]　“the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
[学仿写]　用“the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句改写句1
World Book Day is a yearly event on April 23, the aim of which is to encourage more people to form the habit of reading.
9. [读教材原句]　(教材P45)Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example, you could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.
[记句式]　which引导非限制性定语从句
[学仿写]　用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句3
What's more, it broadens our horizons and gives us wisdom, which helps us live more wisely.
10. [读教材原句]　(教材P30)Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of, and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
[记句式]　“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句
[学仿写]　用“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句改写句7
Whenever you realize the importance of reading books, you can enjoy it!
　衔接成篇
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One possible version：
Boys and girls, World Book Day is a yearly event on April 23, the aim of which is to encourage more people to form the habit of reading.
To begin with, reading books enriches our mind and teaches us how to distinguish between right and wrong. What's more, it broadens our horizons and gives us wisdom, which helps us live more wisely. Last but not least, it can also bring us more imagination than watching TV or surfing the Internet can do.
Since reading books is so beneficial to us, we can make it an essential part of our life. One is never too old to learn. Whenever you realize the importance of reading books, you can enjoy it!
INCLUDEPICTURE "笔尖粮仓4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "笔尖粮仓4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
第一段介绍倡议内容 1.As World Book Day is approaching, we call on all classmates to choose reading materials that suit their interests and learning needs—such as literary works, historical books or popular science articles—to enrich our inner world and celebrate this meaningful occasion.　随着世界读书日的临近，我们呼吁全体同学选择符合自身兴趣与学习需求的阅读材料——例如文学作品、历史书籍或科普文章——以丰富我们的精神世界，并庆祝这个富有意义的节日。2.The main purpose of this reading initiative is to help us students break through the limitations of textbook learning and gain more diverse knowledge and life insights during the busy review process.此次阅读倡议的主要目的是帮助我们学生在繁忙的复习过程中，突破课本学习的局限，获取更丰富多样的知识与人生感悟。3.Therefore, we hereby launch an initiative to all students: make use of fragmented time to read a wide range of beneficial materials, such as Chinese and foreign classic masterpieces, excellent essays and current affairs comments.因此，我们特此向全体同学发起倡议：利用碎片化时间，阅读各类有益读物，如中外经典名著、优秀散文和时事评论等。
第二段介绍倡议内容的好处 1.Reading widely helps us accumulate a wealth of knowledge beyond textbooks, from historical events to scientific discoveries, which enriches our understanding of the world and lays a solid foundation for our academic growth. 广泛阅读能帮助我们积累课本之外的丰富知识，从历史事件到科学发现，既拓宽了我们对世界的认知，也为学业成长打下坚实基础。2.Reading excellent literary works, such as classic novels or poems, allows us to experience diverse life stories and emotions, which cultivates our empathy, refines our sentiment and brings inner peace amid a busy life.阅读优秀文学作品(如经典小说、诗歌)能让我们体验多样的人生故事与情感，既培养了同理心、陶冶了情操，也能在忙碌生活中带来内心的平静。
第三段总结并发出呼吁 1.Let's dive into the ocean of knowledge hand in hand，read extensively，and enrich our minds to make our life journey more fulfilling. 让我们携手潜入知识的海洋，广泛阅读、充实自我，让人生的旅途愈发丰盈。2.Many hands make light work. Your participation is the key to our event's success—let's work together for a brilliant outcome！众人拾柴火焰高。您的参与是活动成功的关键——让我们携手共创辉煌成果！
写作二　场景微续写(贫寒境遇里的温暖邂逅)
INCLUDEPICTURE "积累续写语料LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "积累续写语料LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
词汇积累 [情感描写]　bug, sorrow, frustration[动作描写]　purchase, discriminate, interfere with, go into debt, accumulate, hire, rent out[人物描写]　blank, dizzy, chairwoman, enterprising, guidance, consultant, conventional, superior, mild, subjective, freshman, toddler, theft
佳句积累 [动作描写]　As she spoke, Zhang Yue put her hands behind her back to hide that they were shaking. [心理描写]　1.She couldn't, however, hide the line of sweat running down her forehead，which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio，but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.2.Feeling dizzy, Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presentation.
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[场景呈现]　众所周知，这位女企业家出身于一个负债累累的贫困家庭。当她还是一个小女孩的时候，曾经有一次她路过一家面包店，当时她非常饿，突然，一阵眩晕。然而，她甚至买不起一片面包， 她充满了沮丧和悲伤。她深知偷窃行为可耻。尽管如此，在那一刻，饥饿驱使她做出了一个决定。她伸出手，抓起一块面包，正要转过身时，发现面包师就站在她面前。她的大脑一片空白，不知所措。然而，店主却告诉她，那些面包是特意放在那里供顾客免费品尝并分享感受的！多年时光流转，这个小女孩凭借自己的努力积累了丰厚的财富，但她从未忘记那位善良的面包师和她所得到的那份意外的温情。
As is known, this female entrepreneur came from a poor family, 1.which was heavily in debt(非限制性定语从句). When she was a little girl, once she walked past a bakery.At that moment, she was extremely hungry and 2.felt a sudden wave of dizziness. Yet, she couldn't even afford to purchase a slice of bread, 3.full of frustration and sorrow (形容词短语作状语). She knew deeply that theft was shameful. Nevertheless, in that moment, hunger drove her to make a decision. She reached out her hand, grasped a loaf of bread, and 4.was about to turn around when she found the baker standing right in front of her. 5.Her mind went blank, not knowing how to react. However, the baker told her that the bread was specifically placed there for customers to taste for free, and share their thoughts! Years went by, and the little girl, through her own efforts, 6.accumulated considerable wealth. But she never forgot that kind baker and the unexpected warmth she received.
INCLUDEPICTURE "笔墨延展4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "笔墨延展4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
短语必记 1.come to one's aid　　　　　　　去帮助某人； 施以援手2.lend/give a hand 搭把手3.stretch out a helping hand to... 向……伸出援 助之手4.provide help to the poor families 为贫困家庭 提供帮助5.help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱 困境
必背金句 1.Sometimes, a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference. 有时候，一个小小的善举可能足以产生巨大的影响。2.As is often the case, it is not what you say but what you do that counts when you see people in trouble.通常情况下，当你看到人们陷入困境时，重要的不是你说什么，而是你做什么。3.Help is like a chain reaction. One act of kindness can inspire others to do the same, creating a cycle of love and support.帮助就像连锁反应。一个善举可以激励他人做出同样的行为，形成一个爱与支持的循环。4.The stranger's timely help saved me from a great deal of trouble, and his kindness left a deep impression on me.这位陌生人的及时帮助使我摆脱了许多麻烦，他的善良给我留下了深刻的印象。INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "传承文脉对话古今LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "传承文脉对话古今LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5())
美德与传承
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【高频词汇】
1．integrity n.　　　　　　　 正直
2．goodwill n. 善意
3．inherit v. 继承
4．obligation n. 义务
5．credibility n. 可信度
6．rectitude n. 正直
7．probity n. 廉洁
8．ethics n. 伦理
9．morality n. 道德规范
10．honorable adj. 可敬的
11．indebtedness n. 感恩之情
12．accountability n. 责任感
【话题佳句】
1．(北师大必修二U6)Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.
里夫成为脊背受伤者和残障人士的热情而充满活力的支持者，他筹集了数百万美元以支持医学研究。
2．(教材P11)A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds; likewise, a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour.
没有锚的船任凭海浪和风控制；同样，一个没有责任感的人也会被自己的粗心和轻率的行为所左右。
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In the Yanling Town of Danyang, east China's Jiangsu Province, there is a Jizi temple built to honor Jizi 1.whose given name is Zha, the youngest son of Shoumeng, the emperor of Wu during the Spring and Autumn period.
In 544 BCE, Jizi was sent to the ancient state of Lu 2.as an envoy, making important 3.contributions(contribute) to the mutual friendship between nations. When he passed through Xucheng, 4.the capital of the ancient state of Xu, he was hospitalized by the Lord of Xu. Jizi once made a promise to 5.himself (he) that after he finished his diplomatic (外交的) mission in the north, he would give his sword to the Lord of Xu, who admired it.
But by the time he got back, the Lord of Xu 6.had passed(pass) away. Therefore, he went to Xu's tomb to worship and 7.hung(hang) the sword on a willow tree in front of the tomb as a way to honor his vow.
For more than 2，000 years, the story of Jizi has been passed down 8.orally(oral) by the Danyang people, and they have practiced his virtues from generation to generation.His spirit of keeping promises and showing respect has deeply influenced the local culture and the people here.
Yin Siqi, a senior high school student in Danyang, is one example that embodies such virtues in modern times. She was abandoned when she was a little girl due to tuberculosis (肺结核). Unfortunately, she needed spinal (脊柱的) correction surgery as a result of tuberculosis complications. The treatment cost approximately 200，000 yuan, 9.putting(put) a significant financial burden on the family. The local government assisted them in raising money. However, the operation was quite 10.risky(risk) with a cure rate of less than 10 percent. After much consideration, Yin and her grandfather decided to give up the surgery and returned the money.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "国际视野外刊撷英LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "国际视野外刊撷英LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5())
Networking for Introverts: A How-to Guide
Adapted from The Economist
Making contacts on some sites is a lot less stressful. There is no eye contact, after all, and the rules of the road are agreed. And all those connection requests do appear to help with careers. A paper found evidence that more infrequent and distant relationships—weak ties—are more useful than close contacts.
The researchers randomly changed the “People You May Know” recommendations algorithm that a professional social networking platform shows its users, so that the prevalence of weaker and stronger connections varied among people on the site. The experiment showed that weaker ties where a pair of users had only one mutual friend were more likely to lead to job applications and job moves than those where people had 25 mutual friends or more.
This sounds like good news for introverts: start spamming everyone with connection requests, close the office door and wait for job offers. But it is not that easy. Even weak ties need tending. Even online, interacting with people is easier if you find it energising.
There isn't a genuinely painless way for introverts to network. The real secret is to save your energy for the people who are most likely to be interesting to you. In the online realm, for instance, Dr Rajkumar's study does not find that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in networking on that professional social networking platform is someone with moderately weak ties to you: connecting with a person with ten mutual friends markedly increases the probability of changing jobs compared with someone with just one shared friend.
In other words, networking pays off if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, an AI tool should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. But you still need to overcome all your instincts and approach them.
1．introvert n．内向的人
2．randomly adv.随机地；随意地
3．algorithm n．算法
4．prevalence n．流行；普遍存在
5．spam v．向……群发垃圾邮件(或信息)
6．tend (熟词生义)v.打理
7．energising adj.使人精力充沛的
8．network v．建立关系网，建立人脉
9．realm n．领域；范围
10．sweet spot 最佳点；最有效点
11．moderately adv.适度地；中等地
12．mutual adj.相互的；共同的
13．pay off v．取得成功
14．prospect n．可能性；前景
15．instinct n．本能；直觉
答案：1.value　2.findings　3.maintenance　4.energy A study confirms that 1.weak ties—less frequent, distant connections—significantly boost job mobility by delivering fresh information. While 2.online networking benefits introverts, nurturing 3.moderate weak ties, for example, 10 mutual friends and taking active offline steps, are essential for career advancement.
1.The researchers randomly changed the “People You May Know” recommendations algorithm that a professional social networking platform shows its users, so that the prevalence of weaker and stronger connections varied among people on the site.[分析]　句中第一个that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the recommendations algorithm；so that 引导结果状语从句。[翻译]　研究人员随机改变了一家职场社交平台向用户展示的“可能认识的人”的推荐算法，从而使网站不同用户之间的亲疏程度也发生了变化。2.The experiment showed that weaker ties where a pair of users had only one mutual friend were more likely to lead to job applications and job moves than those where people had 25 mutual friends or more.[分析]　句中that引导宾语从句，从句中两个where均引导定语从句，分别修饰weaker ties和those。[翻译]　实验表明，两个用户之间只有一个共同好友的较弱的关系比那些拥有25个或更多共同好友的关系更有可能促成求职和职位变动。
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "品读经典名著选粹LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "品读经典名著选粹LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5())
Castles in the Air (空中楼阁)
Excerpt from Little Women
INCLUDEPICTURE "英语选4名师讲名著YL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英语选4名师讲名著YL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
美国南北战争时期，一个普通家庭的四个姐妹的成长之路。
The story was not a long one, and when① it was finished, he ventured② to ask a few questions as a reward③ of good behavior.
“Please, ma'am, could I inquire④ if this highly instructive⑤ and charming institution⑥ is a new one？”
“Would you tell him？” asked Meg of her sisters.
“He'll laugh，” said Amy warningly⑦.
“Who cares？” said Jo.
“I guess he'll like it，” added Beth.
“Of course I shall! I give you my word⑧ I won't laugh. Tell away, Jo, and don't be afraid.”
“The idea of being afraid of you! Well, you see we used to play Pilgrim's Progress (天路历程), and we have been going on with it in earnest⑨， all winter and summer.”
“Yes, I know，” said Laurie, nodding wisely.
“Who told you？” demanded⑩ Jo.
“Spirits.”
“No, I did. I wanted to amuse him one night when you were all away, and he was rather dismal (忧郁的). He did like it, so don't scold ， Jo，” said Beth gently.
“You can't keep a secret. Never mind, it saves trouble now.”
“Go on, please，” said Laurie, as Jo became absorbed in her work, looking a little displeased.
“Oh, didn't she tell you about this new plan of ours Well, we have tried not to waste our holiday, but each has had a task and worked at it with a will . The vacation is nearly over, and we are ever so glad that we didn't waste.”
“Yes, I should think so，” and Laurie thought regretfully of his own idle days.
“Mother likes to have us out-of-doors as much as possible, so we bring our work here and have nice times. For the fun of it we bring our things in these bags, wear the old hats, use poles to climb the hill, and play pilgrims, as we used to do years ago. We call this hill the Delectable (令人愉快的) Mountain, for we can look far away and see the country where we hope to live some time.” Jo pointed, and Laurie sat up to examine ， for through an opening in the wood one could look cross the wide, blue river, the meadows on the other side, far over the outskirts (郊区) of the great city, to the green hills that rose to meet the sky.
The sun was low, and the heavens glowed with the splendor of an autumn sunset. Gold and purple clouds lay on the hilltops, and rising high into the ruddy (红色的) light were silvery white peaks that shone like the airy spires (塔尖) of some Celestial City (天国).
“How beautiful that is！” said Laurie softly, for he was quick to see and feel beauty of any kind.
“We like to watch it, for it is never the same, but always splendid，” replied Amy, wishing she could paint it.
“Jo talks about the country where we hope to live sometime—the real country, she means, with pigs and chickens and haymaking (割晒干草). It would be nice, but I wish the beautiful country up there was real, and we could ever go to it，” said Beth musingly .
“There is a lovelier country even than that, where we shall go, by-and-by, when we are good enough，” answered Meg with her sweetest voice.
“It seems so long to wait, so hard to do. I want to fly away at once, as those swallows fly, and go in at that splendid gate.”
“You'll get there, Beth, sooner or later, no fear of that，” said Jo. “Wouldn't it be fun if all the castles in the air which we make could come true, and we could live in them？” said Jo, after a little pause.
“What is your favorite one, Laurie？” asked Meg.
“After I'd seen as much of the world as I want to, I'd like to settle in Germany and have just as much music as I choose. I'm to be a famous musician myself, and all creation is to rush to hear me. And I'm never to be bothered about money or business, but just enjoy myself and live for what I like. That's my favorite castle. What's yours, Meg？”
Meg said slowly, “I should like a lovely house, full of all sorts of luxurious things—nice food, pretty clothes, handsome furniture ， pleasant people, and heaps of money. I am to be mistress of it, and manage it as I like, with plenty of servants (佣人), so I never need work a bit.”
“Why don't you say you'd have a splendid, wise, good husband and some angelic (天使般的) little children You know your castle wouldn't be perfect without，” said blunt Jo.
“You'd have nothing but horses, inkstands (墨水瓶), and novels in yours，” answered Meg, a little annoyed .
“I'd write out of a magic inkstand, so that my works should be as famous as Laurie's music. That is my favorite dream.”
“Mine is to stay at home safe with Father and Mother, and help take care of the family，” said Beth contentedly .
INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①此处为when引导的时间状语从句。
②venture [熟词生义] v．小心地说
③reward n．回报
④inquire v．询问
⑤instructive adj.有指导意义的
⑥institution n．机构
⑦warningly adv.警告地
⑧give sb. one's word向某人保证
⑨in earnest认真地
⑩demand v．强烈要求
amuse v．逗笑
scold v．训斥
become absorbed in全神贯注于
will [熟词生义] n．意志
regretfully adv.遗憾地
idle adj.空闲的
pole n．杖
此处为as引导的方式状语从句。
此处for表示原因。
此处为where引导的定语从句。
examine v．检查
opening n．缺口
meadow n．草地
glow v．发光
splendor n．华丽景色
silvery adj.银色的
此处为that引导的定语从句。
此处for表示原因。
此处为v.-ing作状语。
此处为where引导的定语从句。
musingly adv.沉思地
swallow n．燕子
此处为which引导的定语从句。
be bothered about
为……烦恼
luxurious adj.奢侈的
furniture n．家具
heap n．堆
mistress n．女主人
blunt adj.直言的
annoyed adj.恼怒的
此处为so that引导的目的状语从句。
contentedly adv.满足地Period 2　Grammar and usage
复杂句分析
INCLUDEPICTURE "WYXS美文诵读4ALLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WYXS美文诵读4ALLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "要义详析探究语法LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "要义详析探究语法LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　))
句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
一、简单句
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(1)(教材P44)Consequently, you will be exposed to many new ideas, beliefs, practices and learning experiences.
因此，你将接触到许多新的思想、信仰、实践和学习经历。
(2)(教材P44)Furthermore, the production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly.
此外，知识的生产必然会迅速增长。
(3)(教材P45)Firstly, lifelong learning is an attitude.
首先，终身学习是一种态度。
(4)He bought me a birthday present.
他给我买了一份生日礼物。
(5)On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly observed the sun rising from the horizon.
在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地看着太阳从地平线升起。
(6)There is a park at the foot of the mountain.
山脚下有一个公园。
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1．简单句的构成
简单句是只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。
2．简单句的基本句型
类　型 构　成
主谓 主语＋不及物动词
主谓宾 主语＋及物动词＋宾语
主系表 主语＋系动词＋表语
主谓间宾直宾 主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
主谓宾宾补 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语　
There be句型 There＋be动词＋主语
二、并列句
INCLUDEPICTURE "感知经典LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "感知经典LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(1)(教材P48)In today's rapidly developing society, vocational education is becoming more and more valuable and it gives applicants an advantage in the job market.
在当今快速发展的社会，职业教育变得越来越有价值，它使求职者在就业市场上占有优势。
(2)(教材P48)Most motor repair companies have their own training programmes for specific jobs and workers can start off in training positions.
大多数汽车修理公司都有自己的特定工作培训计划，工人可以从培训岗位开始。
(3)John likes playing basketball, but he didn't play it yesterday.
约翰喜欢打篮球，但他昨天没打。
(4)We had better stay at home, for it was raining.
我们最好待在家里，因为天正在下雨。
(5)She is very quiet while her brother is quite outgoing.
她很文静，而她的哥哥却很外向。
INCLUDEPICTURE "明悉规则LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "明悉规则LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．并列句的构成
包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。
2．并列句的分类
关　系 举　例
并列关系 and、both...and、 as well as、 not only...but (also)...、 neither...nor...
转折关系 but、 however、 while、 still、 yet、 whereas
选择关系 or、whether...or...、either...or...、not...but...
因果关系 for、 so、 therefore
三、主从复合句
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(1)(教材P44)When I drew a still life, it was impressed upon me that the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.　当我画静物时，让我印象深刻的是，在成功的构图中，物体与物体之间的空白与实物本身一样重要。
(2)(教材P44)Also, as the great educator Confucius stated, “When you know a thing, to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”
而且，正如伟大的教育家孔子所言，“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”
(3)(教材P45)This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.
这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认用终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的，也是有益的。
(4)(教材P45)Do not criticize them or reject them simply because they differ from what you know or believe.
不要仅仅因为它们与你所知道或相信的不同就批评或拒绝它们。
(5)(人教选必四U5)This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.
这是因为你的职业是你身份的一个非常重要的组成部分。
(6)(外研选必四U5)In these waters, more than 200 metres deep, where light cannot reach, are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.
在200多米以下、光照不到的那些水域里，生存着一些看起来就像是直接从科幻小说中走出来的奇异生物。
(7)(人教选必三U1)What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？”
他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？”
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由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。要准确理解主从复合句，需要分析句子结构，找到主句和从句，并理解从句的种类。
1．复合句中的主句是一个完整的句子，它可以独立存在。从句必须和主句连用，不能独立存在。从句通常由关联词引导，通过关联词和主句联系在一起。
2．复合句主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
四、并列复合句
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(1)(教材P44)New knowledge is constantly being generated and what you already know is being revised all the time, to the extent that it can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments.
新的知识不断产生，你已经知道的东西一直在变化，以至于在某种程度上很难跟上最新的发展步伐。
(2)(人教选必四U5)Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads.
有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人只是有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
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并列复合句指并列句、复合句混合在一个句子里；或者说，一个句子里包含着多种关系——既有并列关系，又有复合关系。
*I admire Tim, but he doesn't admire me, although I try hard to impress him.(前1、2分句是并列关系，而第1、2分句与第3分句之间又是主从复合关系。)
我钦佩蒂姆，但他并不钦佩我，尽管我努力想给他留下深刻印象。
*Even if you fail, at least you try, and you are a better person for it.(前1、2分句是主从复合关系，而第1、2分句与第3分句之间又是并列关系。)
即使你失败了，至少你努力了，而且你会因此成为一个更优秀的人。
五、长难句的突破策略
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1．主从复合句——找从属关联词
Whereas a woman's closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn't unusual to hear a man say he didn't know his friend's marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
[分析]　Whereas 引导让步状语从句；“it wasn't unusual to hear a man say”为主句， 其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式；“he didn't know his friend's marriage...if he could sleep on the sofa”为省略连接词that的宾语从句，其中含有省略连接词that的宾语从句“his friend's marriage was in serious trouble”和until引导的时间状语从句，其中又含有从属连词if引导的宾语从句。
2．并列复合句——先找并列连词，再找从属关联词
If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare” “Samuel Johnson” and “Webster”， but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn't even speak English—William the Conqueror.
[分析]　首先找到并列连词but，“If you ask...‘Webster’”为but连接的第一个分句，“none of these men...the Conqueror”为第二个分句； 第一个分句中含有If引导的条件状语从句，从句中又含有who引导的定语从句；第二个分句中含有who引导的定语从句。
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　))
Ⅰ.辨别下列各句的类型
1．And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.主从复合句
2．All we need is a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.主从复合句
3．They'll swear that they left it in the changing room，create havoc and then discover it had been in their car all the time.主从复合句
4．Nick's mother-in-law lives on the ground floor，while Nick lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.并列句
5．Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.主从复合句
6．Having never operated a computer, Mr.Johnson met with a lot of difficulties at first.简单句
7．People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations.主从复合句
8．My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.简单句
9．It was a trait others found helpful，and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.并列复合句
10．She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.主从复合句
Ⅱ.语法与写作(句型转换)
1．I once participated in an internship in a multinational enterprise during my university. It was a head start for me.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)
I once participated in an internship in a multinational enterprise during my university, which was a head start for me.
2．Maya society was technologically primitive.The fact makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.(改为含有同位语从句的复合句)
The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.
3．Enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends, which should be pointed out.(用it作形式主语改写)
It should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.
4．Several weeks had passed.Then I knew the painting was lost.(改为含有状语从句的复合句)
Several weeks had passed before I knew the painting was lost.
5．The situation is dangerous.There is still one possible way to keep away from the danger.(改为含有状语从句的复合句)
Although the situation is dangerous，there is still one possible way to keep away from the danger.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，最近开展的一项调查结果显示，你校高一年级只有8%的学生对阅读感兴趣，大部分学生对阅读不够重视，没有养成良好的阅读习惯。请你就此写一份倡议书，号召你校学生重视阅读。内容包括：
1.简要阐述调查结果以及你校学生阅读现状；
2.列举阅读的益处；
3.针对如何养成良好的阅读习惯提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear students，
From the recent survey, we have found that ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear students，
From the recent survey, we have found that only 8 percent of the Senior One students in our school are interested in reading. Not enough attention has been paid to reading by most students, let alone developing reading habits.
In fact, reading is good to us in many ways. Firstly, reading enriches our knowledge about the world. Secondly, books record various things about life. Through reading, we may know useful experience and new ideas which help improve our lives. Therefore, it is necessary to make reading a habit. To begin with, create a reading list of books you're interested in and don't forget to update it. In addition, think while (you're) reading. It is in this way that you learn from what you read.
In summary, reading benefits us a lot. Develop a habit of reading, and you will obtain great rewards from it.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young, I lived in a small village in Melaka. The spirit of good neighborliness was very strong then. The village had a variety of trades to serve the needs of the villagers. There was a barber, tailor, coffee shop owner, grocer and so on. All of us were quite poor but we got by. However, there was a family which could be considered to live a marginal existence. It was the Lim family living in the bicycle shop opposite our dwelling.
Mr. Lim, the bicycle mechanic, had a large brood of children—twelve to be exact. My mother was a kind-hearted soul. Often, she would remark that his children were dressed in ragged clothes and looked malnourished (营养不良的). My family was relatively better off in the village. My parents would bring whatever food we could spare to the Lim family.
I remember one particular year when times were very hard. Even my family had to make do with two meals a day. We stopped the practice of giving food to Mr. Lim. One day, I noticed my mother looking troubled. She had learned that the Lim family had not been eating for the past two days. She decided to sacrifice a portion of our meals for the family despite the protests from my brothers that were too hungry. Fortunately, the lean spell (困难时期) did not last long, and the children in our family resumed our three meals a day.
As time went on, the number of customers at Lim's shop increased rapidly. Business at his shop took off like a rocket. The family was much wealthier than before.
It was at this time that my father's health was worsening. We were confused by the mysterious illness he was suffering from. Because of lack of attention to his grocery store, the business became worse. My father then sold our family car to pay off the mounting bills. My brothers and I had to stop schooling because we could not afford the fees.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
They say that one good deed deserves another.__________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
With the help of Mr. Lim, the situation in my family took a turn for the better.________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
They say that one good deed deserves another. Mr. Lim, our neighbor, learned of our plight and stepped in to help. He stated simply that it was his turn to repay the kindness that my parents had shown to him in the past. Mr. Lim arranged for my father to consult a famous doctor. Not only was this doctor's diagnosis of my father's medical condition accurate, but the doctor was also able to cure my father. Besides, he arranged a loan for my father's business. He also told my brothers and me that we should not give up our education and arranged to finance our education.
With the help of Mr. Lim, the situation in my family took a turn for the better. My father recovered from his illness gradually and his business recovered the next year. My father is now the proud owner of the village's mini-market. Mr. Lim has expanded his business, too. My brothers and I are among the top students in the school. Whenever my parents met up with Mr. Lim, they would thank him for his past help. He would just say that he was merely repaying a kindness. The children in both families have brotherly friendship now. The story between the Lim family and my family has proved a saying that kindness leads to kindness.INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
孤独余生遇亲情“救赎”
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读后续写中常见的人物包括：男性、女性、老人及孩子。因为续写语篇的特点，人物描写不宜过多过细；因此，视觉描写多集中于人物的外貌、表情，听觉描写通常涉及人物的嗓音及其他声音，触觉描写通常包括直接的肢体动作及带给人的感觉，嗅觉和味觉描写往往涉及口、鼻器官的动作。
请在横线上写出下列描写人物的句子对应的五感。
1．The gray-haired grandpa stroked the little girl affectionately while she shared the stories in school with great excitement.触觉
2．Her pigtails bounced as she skipped, and her high-pitched giggle echoed through the alley.视觉；听觉
3．The young man stood straight in a white shirt, the corners of his mouth curving into a confident smile.视觉
4．Her warm voice called out to the children chasing each other in the yard.听觉
5．Her thin hands held the cup, with the hot tea warming her fingertips.触觉
6．She twirled in her flowery dress, the bright colors spinning into a vivid blur under the sun.视觉
7．His deep laugh shook the room as he told a funny story to his colleagues.听觉
8．She bit into the sweet strawberry, juice dribbling down her chin as she ate happily.味觉；视觉
9．At the sight of his grandchildren, his face lit up and his eyes twinkled merrily.视觉
10．Whenever Grandma is in the house, there is always the inviting aroma of her handmade cake.嗅觉
11．After a long day of hiking, all the children were both thirsty and hungry.味觉
12．The mingled happy chatter of the young girls could almost tear the house down.听觉
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]After Walter Bergen's wife died, he was thrown into deep sorrow and loneliness. He paid no attention to anything. His house fell into disrepair, with dust gathering everywhere and dirty dishes piling up in the sink. He gave up cooking and survived on TV dinners and toast. His clothes went unwashed, and he neglected his personal care, with a shaggy (乱蓬蓬的) beard and messy hair.
[2]His daughter, Melanie, was extremely worried. She drove to his house and pleaded (恳求), “Dad! This isn't right, You can't stay e live with us.” But Walter shot back angrily, “I don't want to live in your house. I'm fine. Just leave me alone！” Melanie left, her heart heavy with concern.
[3]A few weeks later, Walter walked to the supermarket to buy his usual TV dinners and bread. As he crossed the road, his mind elsewhere, he didn't look either way. A car hit him, and an ambulance rushed him to the hospital. At the hospital, Melanie exclaimed, “Dad! You're not living alone anymore. You're coming to our house.” Walter, weak and defeated, finally agreed.
[4]At Melanie's house, her husband Roger wasn't pleased, “Your father is dirty and always in a bad mood. Why is he living with us？” he complained. Melanie firmly replied, “He's my father. He's old and heartbroken. He needs to stay.” Roger sighed and said, “I understand.”
[5]Rosa, Melanie and Roger's daughter, was nine years old. One evening during dinner Melanie announced, “Tomorrow, Rosa's school has Grandparent's Day.” Walter, curious, asked, “What's Grandparent's Day？” Melanie explained, “The children's grandparents visit the school, watch the kids' activities, and play games with them. It's really fun.” Walter declared, “I'm Rosa's grandfather. I'll go.”
[6]Upon hearing this, Rosa jumped up, ran to her room and locked herself in. Later that night, as Walter was about to go to bed and walked past Rosa's room, he heard her sobbing. Then followed Roger's voice, “Rosa, stop crying. Grandpa is just going through a tough time.”
注意：续写词数应为 150 个左右。
“No！” shouted Rosa.____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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The students went to the school hall to find their grandparents. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 一审——审要素
【When & Where】
[4]At Melanie's house, her husband Roger wasn't pleased.
[5]One evening during dinner Melanie announced, “Tomorrow, Rosa's school has Grandparent's Day．”
【Who】
Walter Bergen (whose wife died)，Melanie (Walter's daughter)，Roger (Melanie's husband), Rosa (Melanie and Roger's 9-year-old daughter)
【What & Why】
[1]After Walter Bergen's wife died, he was thrown into deep sorrow and loneliness .
[1]His clothes went unwashed, and he neglected his personal care, with a shaggy beard and messy hair.
[3]As he crossed the road, his mind elsewhere, he didn't look either way. A car hit him, and an ambulance rushed him to the hospital．
[4]Roger sighed and said, “I understand．”
[5]“The children's grandparents visit the school, watch the kids' activities, and play games with them. It's really fun.” Walter declared, “I'm Rosa's grandfather. I'll go．”
[6]Upon hearing this, Rosa jumped up, ran to her room and locked herself in.
[6]Then followed Roger's voice, “Rosa, stop crying. Grandpa is just going through a tough time.”
【How】
[1]After Walter Bergen's wife died, he was thrown into deep sorrow and loneliness．
[2]His daughter, Melanie, was extremely worried．
[2]Melanie left, her heart heavy with concern．
[3]Walter, weak and defeated, finally agreed.
[4]Melanie firmly replied, “He's my father. He's old and heartbroken. He needs to stay.”
[5]Walter, curious, asked, “What's Grandparent's Day？”　
[6]Later that night，as Walter was about to go to bed and walked past Rosa's room, he heard her sobbing.　
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 二定——定主题：正能量原则
It was because of Rosa that Walter determined to change．
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 三构思——QA模式：构思每段三个微情节
根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What was Rosa's reaction
[Answer] Rosa felt helpless and her voice was trembling.
[Question 2] Why did she have such a reaction
[Answer] She thought Grandpa was dirty and everyone would laugh at her if he went to school.
[Question 3] What was Walter's reaction
[Answer] He was shocked.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1]How did Rosa feel
[Answer] She felt nervous.
[Question 2]What did Rosa think of in this situation
[Answer] What if Grandpa didn't come But what if Grandpa showed up looking messy
[Question 3]What moral would the story express
[Answer] It was because of____Rosa that Walter determined to change.
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 四成文——梳理思路，完成正文
特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
“No！” shouted Rosa.________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
The students went to the school hall to find their grandparents. ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“No！” shouted Rosa. Rosa's small hands trembled as she slammed her chair back. Her eyes, wide and watery, were fixed on the floor like a helpless animal. (微情节一：罗莎感到无助，手在颤抖)“Grandpa's dirty，” she whispered, her voice trembling. “He smells and his clothes are all dirty. Everyone will laugh at me.” Tears slid down her cheek, disappearing into the collar of her dress. (微情节二：罗莎认为大家会因为外祖父脏兮兮的外貌嘲笑自己)What Rosa said made Roger speechless.He just sighed. Outside the room, Walter froze. Then, he walked away, leaving a trail of hollow footsteps. Time passing quickly, and then came the next day. (微情节三：沃尔特震惊)
The students went to the school hall to find their grandparents. Rosa stood by the hall door, her hands sweaty. Kids around her laughed, dragging their grandparents to fun activities. That made her heart raced.(微情节一：罗莎感到焦虑) What if Grandpa didn't come She'd be alone. But what if he showed up looking messy She clutched the shirt sleeve nervously.(微情节二：罗莎害怕外祖父不来又害怕外祖父脏兮兮的来) Suddenly, shiny shoes appeared in sight. A tall man in a neat blue suit was just smiling at her! It was Grandpa Walter! He knelt, smelling fresh and clean. “You are right, dear，” he said, “You deserve a grandpa who tries harder. You are my reason to be a better self.”(微情节三：罗莎让外祖父成为更好的自己)
INCLUDEPICTURE "续写热点透视窗上LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "续写热点透视窗上LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy emptying out the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects.① That left a house still stuffed with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn't belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. As our move day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The description: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
Encouraged, I posted more. My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.② Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings that share our small space. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something that couldn't come with us.③ INCLUDEPICTURE "手LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "手LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　背铺灰语料，积续写基石
[话题]
人与自我——生活与学习——学会断舍离
[内容概要]
作者因为要搬家，需要处理家里的东西。作者在处理的过程中想到把部分物品放到网上，让喜欢的人取走，这种方式给作者带来了不一样的体验和感悟。
[注释]
①动词的联动
②网络交流的积极情感影响
③情绪描写单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What was the result
A．Italy won the game.
B．France won the game.
C．Both were winners.
2．Where does the man think the keys are
A．In the woman's purse.
B．In the woman's car.
C．In the restaurant.
3．What probably is the woman
A．A student.
B．A nurse.
C．A teacher.
4．What does the man plan to do first
A．Tour in a city.
B．See his brother.
C．Go back home.
5．What does the woman feel scared of
A．Attending an important party.
B．Hosting an important party.
C．Missing an important party.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How does the woman feel at first
A．Fairly relaxed.
B．Quite confident.
C．A bit worried.
7．What will the speakers do tonight
A．Give out invitations.
B．Make more food.
C．Throw a party.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What did the speakers do last year
A．They went swimming.
B．They attended a New Year's Eve party.
C．They went skiing.
9．How does the woman feel in the end
A．Worried.
B．Annoyed.
C．Excited.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does the woman want to resign
A．She doesn't like full-time jobs.
B．She needs more time for study.
C．She is not satisfied with the pay.
11．When is help needed in the man's restaurant
A．Only on weekdays.
B．Only at weekends.
C．Late in the week.
12．What is the result of the conversation
A．The woman got the job.
B．The woman got a pay rise.
C．The man let the woman be a trainee.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Who is David
A．The man's boss.
B．The woman's boss.
C．The woman's cook.
14．What dishes will be served to David
A．Dongpo Pork and steak.
B．Dongpo Pork and West Lake Fish.
C．Dongpo Pork, West Lake Fish and steak.
15．What happened in the woman's department last year
A．It faced a risk of being shut down.
B．It introduced a new system.
C．It fired a sales manager.
16．What is the speakers' impression of David
A．He has much food preference.
B．He is a good and experienced director.
C．He is expert at managing social relations.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Which month means different for sports fans
A．October. B．September. C．August.
18．Where will the World Series of Little League Baseball be held
A．New York City.
B．Pennsylvania.
C．New York State.
19．When is the Opening night of the National Basketball Association
A．October 31st.
B．August 27th.
C．October 21st.
20．What is true about the song Take Me Out to the Ball Game
A．It was written by a baseball fan.
B．It was written for a baseball team.
C．It was written over 100 years ago.
答案：1～5.BCABB　6～10.CCABB
11～15.CABCA　16～20.BCBAC
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：You look tired.Did you stay up late last night
M：Yeah.I didn't go to bed until the football game was over.
W：Who won the game
M：Italy was beaten by France.①
(Text 2)
W：Oh, no! Where are my car keys
M：Relax.Are they in your purse
W：No, they're not.They're gone.
M：I bet they're still on the table in the restaurant.②
(Text 3)
M：What happened in your chemistry class
W：It was an accident.One of my classmates broke a bottle of chemical liquid and burnt his hand.③Luckily he was sent to the hospital at once.It is not serious now.
(Text 4)
W：Summer vacation is coming.Have you already got any plan
M：Not really.But I'm going to head down to Vancouver Island to visit my brother for a few days first. ④We haven't seen each other for a couple of years.Then maybe go back home.I'm a little homesick.
(Text 5)
W：I feel scared of hosting the evening party. You know, this is the first time for me to host such an important party.⑤
M：Don't worry.Just be yourself and everything will be fine.I'm sure you can do quite well.
(Text 6)
M：How do you feel about the party tonight
W：Er.I'm feeling OK.
M：Good.Is everything ready
W：Yes, but I'm afraid that not many people will come.⑥
M：That's definitely not going to happen. Everyone I've spoken to say they're coming.
W：Oh, good.You don't think we'll run out of food
M：No, I'm sure it'll be fine.You've made a lot of food and most people will probably bring something.
W：Oh, OK, that's good.I hope everyone will relax and enjoy themselves tonight.
(Text 7)
M：So, Nancy, we should probably start thinking about our winter vacation plans.
W：Yeah, I think we should fly down to Florida for a couple of weeks.
M：Uh, I'd really prefer not to.Those holiday travel packages cost too much.
W：Well, how about going swimming in Hawaii for a week or two？⑧
M：I'd rather not.We did it last year.⑧Remember
W：And we had a really good time.Do you have any suggestions
M：Um...you know, I never have any good ideas.
W：OK.Here's something different.How about going to the New Year's Eve party in New York City We've always wanted to do that.
M：But I don't really like big parties.They're always crowded.
W：You're driving me crazy, Mike！⑨All right.Let's just stay at home for two weeks!
M：No way! That sounds too boring! Can't you think of anything else
(Text 8)
M：So you're interested in a job as a waitress.Um, have you worked as a waitress before
W：Yes, for three years at several different restaurants.Now I'm working at the Park Hotel dining room on Hill Street.
M：They have a very nice dining room there.Why do you want to leave
W：Because I can't work full-time now.I'm taking some courses at a university.⑩
M：I see.On what days are you free
W：All day Thursday and Friday, Saturday and Sunday.
M：That suits us very well actually.We're looking for someone who can help us when we get very busy.That's Thursday afternoon, Friday afternoon and evening as well as all day Saturday. The restaurant is closed on Sunday.
W：That's fine with me.
M：When can you start
W：Is the first of next month all right with you
M：That's fine.The first of May.By the way, you'll get $8.80 an hour, plus tips, of course.
W：Good.Thanks very much.
(Text 9)
M：Oh, I hope David likes this.It's a bit of risk serving Dongpo pork and West Lake fish to a guest who comes to visit us for the first time. Maybe I should also prepare a steak.
W：Yeah.It's not a bad idea. David is the new director of my department， and I don't know much about his preference.He came from another department of the company early this year.
M：I've never met him before, but I've heard a lot about him from you in the past few days.It seems that he's a very good boss, with rich business experience.
W：Absolutely. He's the one who comes to save the department.
M：Really Why do you say so
W：Well, you know，last year, when the economy was not good, our profit was far from satisfying.The company even thought about closing down this department.
M：So, what about the situation this year
W：David introduced a brand new system for sales and management, and it's quite effective and efficient.The profit has even doubled in the last month.
M：Wow, that's fantastic! I cannot wait to meet him for dinner.
(Text 10)
M：Welcome to THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English.I'm Barbara Klein.For sports fans, August means different things. For those who follow American football, August is traditionally when players begin training.For tennis lovers, the United States Open begins on August twenty-eighth in New York City.For basketball fans—well, they have a little time.The National Basketball Association just released its full list of games for the coming season.Opening night is on October thirty-first. So what have we left out Oh yes, the boys and girls of summer—Little League Baseball.Their World Series is on August twenty-seventh in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. As for the major leagues, their World Series is not until a October twenty-first.
There are probably more than one thousand songs about baseball.The most popular is Take Me Out to the Ball Game. It was written in 1908 by Jack Norworth. He wrote it after seeing a sign about baseball in an underground train in New York City.Jack Norworth reportedly had never seen a Major League Baseball game.He did not see one until thirty-three years after he wrote the song.People still sing Take Me Out to the Ball Game during baseball games.In the game, near the end everyone stands up and stretches their arms and legs.Most often, they sing the song together.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for books about maturity Here are four great options：
Educated by Tara Westover
Westover was born in a remote Idaho mountain and didn't have a formal education. But she wanted to learn and grow, so she broke free from her upbringing. Her transformative journey to education was hard, both in school and in life, but it showed how learning can change a person.
The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger
This book is about a boy named Holden who is growing up in 1950s America. He goes on an adventure in New York City and looks for connections, understanding, and personal growth. Salinger's writing is honest and funny, and it gives readers a deep look at what it's like to be a teenager.
The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky　
This story is set in the 1990s and is about a boy named Charlie who is trying to find his place in the world. Through his self-reflecting letters, readers can see his emotional journey as he discovers who he is. It's an honest book about growing up that anyone can enjoy.
The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien
This book takes readers on a grand adventure through Middle-earth, a land filled with breathtaking scenery, magical beings, and a violent battle between good and evil (邪恶). Central to the narrative is the theme of achieving maturity, which Tolkien illustrates isn't confined to age. Characters of all ages face fears and grow in surprising ways. It's a great book for fans of fantasy and personal growth.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本涉及成长这一主题的书籍。
21．How is the book Educated different from the other three
A．It was set in World War Ⅱ.
B．It digs into personal connection.
C．It features female self-reflection.
D．It emphasizes power of education.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据Educated by Tara Westover部分内容可推知，这本书与其他三本书的不同之处在于强调教育的力量。
22．What do The Catcher in the Rye and The Perks of Being a Wallflower have in common
A．They challenge traditions.
B．Their styles are humorous.
C．Their characters are honest.
D．They explore teens' growth.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger部分中的“This book is about a boy...and personal growth.”和The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky部分中的“This story is set in the 1990s...as he discovers who he is.”可知，《麦田里的守望者》和《壁花少年》都聚焦于青少年主角的成长经历。
23．Which of the following is the central theme of The Lord of the Rings
A．Embracing the process of aging.
B．Achieving maturity beyond age.
C．Struggling constantly against evil.
D．Overcoming personal weaknesses.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien部分中的“Central to the narrative...in surprising ways.”可知，《指环王》的核心主题是超越年龄实现成熟。
B
Ellen Ochoa's life journey offers an outstanding example of how invention can lead to adventure.She first worked as a creative engineer and went on to become the world's first Hispanic female astronaut.
Ochoa graduated from San Diego State University in 1980 with a degree in Physics.Mindful of her mother's stress on the importance of education, she entered graduate school at Stanford University.When Neil Armstrong had first walked on the moon, Ochoa was 11 years old.It never would have hit her then that she too might someday become an astronaut.However, in 1983, when Ochoa was on the way to earning her PhD in Electrical Engineering, Sally Ride became the first female U．S.astronaut.This gave Ochoa the encouragement to aim high.Upon graduation, she applied to NASA to become an astronaut herself.
At Stanford, Ochoa specialized in designing optical (光学的) systems that study the objects that they “see”．After graduating, she continued this work at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico.Sandia's work for NASA includes developing optical, computerized recordings and models of events and phenomena (现象) in space.In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices.Later, working at NASA's Ames Research Center, Ochoa branched off into developing computer systems designed for space exploration.Here she also managed a team of 35 scientists.
Ochoa's excellence in optics and computer hardware had caught NASA's attention.In 1990, NASA accepted her into its astronaut training program, and in July 1991, Ochoa became an official U．S.astronaut.Less than two years later, Ochoa flew as a Mission Specialist on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.
Ellen Ochoa has won numerous awards for her success as an engineer, an astronaut, and a role model—not just for Hispanic or female ambitious scientists, but for anyone who believes that excellence will finally find its recognition and reward.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艾伦·奥乔亚作为一名有创造力的工程师和第一位西班牙裔女宇航员赢得许多奖项，成为工程师、宇航员和榜样的成功典范的故事。
24．What inspired Ochoa to have a higher ambition in 1983
A.Her graduation from San Diego State University.
B．Her mother's stress on further education.
C．Neil Armstrong's life experience.
D．Sally Ride's example.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, in 1983...become an astronaut herself.”可知，萨莉·莱德的例子激励艾伦·奥乔亚在1983年有了更高的抱负。
25．What did Ochoa co-invent before becoming an astronaut
A．Optical systems to see the moon.
B．Computerized models used in space.
C．Three optical devices.
D．Computer systems for management.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices.”可知，奥乔亚在成为宇航员之前共同发明了三个光学装置。
26．When was Ochoa's first visit to space
A．In 1980.　　　　　 B．In 1983.
C．In 1991. D．In 1993.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1990, NASA accepted her...on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.”可知，在1993年奥乔亚第一次访问太空。
27．What can be learnt through Ochoa's experiences
A．Creativity starts with an idea.
B．Courage is knowing what not to fear.
C．Follow excellence, and success will come to you.
D．Understand your limitations, and you can remove them.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，奥乔亚的经历让人们知道追求卓越，成功将会降临到你身上。
C
“Human activity has wiped out two-thirds of the world's wildlife since 1970，” CNN (美国有线电视新闻网) reported.Later, The Guardian reported that “40 percent of the world's plant species are at risk of extinction”．Stanford biologist Paul Ehrlich and his colleagues argued that “the ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious environmental threat to the persistence of civilization”．Around the same time, the Daily Mail warned that “human civilization stands a 90 percent chance of collapse within decades due to deforestation”．
These horrible calculations and projections come from authoritative-sounding reports issued by international agencies, conservation groups, and peer-reviewed scientific journals.But is the future of wild nature and human civilization really so poor
Data from uncontroversial mainstream sources strongly indicate that both humanity and the natural world are likely to be flourishing rather than collapsing at the end of this century.Humanity is becoming an urban species, and that's good for the environment, since urban dwellers generally use less electricity, produce less globe-warming carbon dioxide, and have smaller land footprints than people living in the countryside.By 2100, it is estimated that 85 percent of people will be city dwellers, which would leave only 1.2 billion still living in the countryside.That means more space for the wildlife and less pollution from the agriculture.
The global tree-covering area increased by about 865，000 square miles between 1982 and 2016.The researchers found that gains in forest area in the mild, subtropical and northern climatic zones are offsetting declines in the tropics.The Maryland researchers owe much of that increase to “natural afforestation on abandoned agricultural land”．“Furthermore, forests in mountainous regions are expanding as climate warming enables trees to grow at higher altitudes，” they added.
Humanity does face big environmental challenges in the coming century.But the scientific and economic evidence shows that most of the trends are positive or can be turned in positive direction by human wisdom.Rather than an age of extinction, the 21st century promises to be an era of environmental renewal.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类和自然将在下一世纪迎来全新且充满希望的未来，并通过列举具体的数据来说明这一点。
28．Why does the author mention the reports in paragraph 1
A．To give examples.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To make a contrast.
D．To support his opinion.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容以及第二段中的“But is the future of wild nature and human civilization really so poor？”可推知，第一段的报道是为了引出文章主题。
29．What will happen according to paragraph 3
A．No one will choose to live in the countryside.
B．More space will be available for the wildlife.
C．Neither humanity nor the natural world will develop quickly.
D．Urban residents will do more walking than those in the countryside.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That means more space for the wildlife and less pollution from the agriculture.”可知，野生动物未来可能会获得更多的空间。
30．Which of the following statements will the researchers agree with about forest area
A．The expanding and disappearance in forest area aren't evenly matched.
B．The forest area in the mild, tropic and northern zones is increasing.
C．There are more forests in mountainous regions due to the climate warming.
D．The plan of “natural afforestation on abandoned agricultural land” is unfavorable.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘Furthermore, forests in mountainous regions...at higher altitudes，’ they added.”可知，由于气候变暖，山区的森林面积有所增加。
31．What might be the best title of the passage
A．The Bright Future of Humanity
B．The Challenges in the Coming Century
C．Better Environment, Better Future of Human
D．The 21st Century: An Era of Environmental Renewal　
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Rather than...be an era of environmental renewal.”可知，文章介绍了人类和自然将在下一世纪迎来全新且充满希望的未来，21世纪是一个环境更新的时代。D项最适合作文章标题。
D
Advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled authentic-sounding speech synthesis (语音合成) to the point that a person can no longer distinguish whether they are talking to another human or a deepfake (深度伪造). If a person's own voice is “cloned” by a third party without their agreement, bad guys can use it to send any message they want.
Computer scientist and engineer Ning Zhang has developed a new method to prevent unauthorized speech synthesis before it takes place: a tool called AntiFake.
Traditional deepfake detection methods only work after the damage is done. However, AntiFake prevents voice data from being synthesized into an audio deepfake beforehand. This tool turns the tables on cybercriminals (网络罪犯) by using similar voice cloning techniques they employ, but for voice protection. The software complicates voice data extraction and feature identification crucial for voice synthesis. “We're using an opposite AI technique originally used by cybercriminals, but now we're using it against them，” Zhang explained. “We slightly change the recorded audio, just enough to make it unusable for voice clone training while still sounding natural to humans.”
Ben Zhao, a professor of computer science at University of Chicago, says that the software, like all digital security systems, will never provide complete protection. But, he adds that it can raise the bar and limit the attack to a smaller group of individuals with significant resources.
AntiFake can already protect shorter voice recordings against cloning. The creators of the tool believe that it could be extended to protect larger audio documents or music from misuse. But the methods and tools that are developed must be continuously adapted because cybercriminals will learn and grow with them.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为AntiFake的新技术工具，该工具旨在通过预先阻止未经授权的语音合成来应对语音深度伪造的问题。
32．What is the primary purpose of AntiFake
A．To improve the quality of synthetic speech.
B．To clone voices without the owner's approval.
C.To detect deepfakes after they have been created.
D．To stop unapproved speech generation from happening.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，该工具的主要目的是阻止未经授权的语音合成。
33．How does AntiFake differ from these traditional methods
A．It prevents audio deepfakes in advance.
B．It cannot detect deepfakes until created.
C．It only works on short voice recordings.
D．It relies on human listeners to identify deepfakes.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Traditional deepfake detection methods...an audio deepfake beforehand.”可知，该工具与传统方法的不同之处在于它能预防音频伪造。
34．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Developers should focus on short voice recordings.
B.The battle against deepfakes requires ongoing efforts.
C．AntiFake is ineffective against advanced cloning techniques.
D．AntiFake provides permanent solutions to the deepfake threat.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But the methods and tools...and grow with them.”可知，对抗深度伪造需要不断的努力，因为网络犯罪分子会随着技术的发展而学习和成长。
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Future of Voice Technology
B．A Method for Detecting AI Deepfakes
C．The Challenge of Telling Human Voices
D．A Tool to Keep AI from Stealing Your Voice
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了新工具AntiFake，该工具能预防未经授权的声音被克隆用于深度伪造，旨在保护个人的声音不被盗用。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
You may have heard it before: Life begins at the end of your comfort zone, and nothing grows in your comfort zone. But that is easier understood than done. Of course, living life in your comfort zone has obvious benefits: low stress, reduced anxiety and general feelings of well-being. 36.__________Below are four huge benefits of stepping outside your comfort zone.
37．__________So many people wake up every day with that aching feeling of under achievement and the realization that they're not entirely living their life to the full. Growth, forward motivation and rhythm and a new-found level of productivity all lead you to a feeling of finding your best state in life as you achieve your full potential. In doing so, you'll create a new source of extreme satisfaction.
Pushing your boundaries. Stepping outside your comfort zone can make you train your brain to deal with new situations and create new neural (神经的) pathways. 38.__________That can make you a better problem-solver, decision-maker and leader.
Enhancing your adaptability to whatever comes your way. Things can happen that will drag you right out of your comfortable life. Life transitions are all about change. 39.________
Boosting your self-confidence. 40.__________And that will boost your self-confidence, which in turn can push you to achieve more, especially if you worked hard, challenged yourself, and saw it through.
A．Achieving greater self-fulfillment.
B．Feeling less stressed and frustrated.
C.Thus you become more productive and more creative.
D．Eventually, it contributes to greater success in your life.
E．Achievements outside comfort zone exhibit your improvement of ability.
F．However, it can also make you feel like your life is changeless every day.
G．The more open you are to new possibilities, the more adaptable you will be.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了走出舒适区可以带来自我实现、提高创造力、增强适应性和提升自信等四大好处。
36．F　解析：上文讲述了生活在舒适区的好处，下文讲述走出舒适区的好处，空处应强调生活在舒适区的弊端。F项指出了生活在舒适区的问题，为下文讲述走出舒适区的好处做了铺垫，符合语境。
37．A　解析：空处位于段首，为段落主旨句。下文讲述了走出舒适区能让自己有满足感。空处应强调走出舒适区能实现自我满足。A项能概括下文内容，符合语境。
38．C　解析：上文讲述了走出舒适区对大脑的好处，空处应承接上文，陈述大脑训练带来的具体好处。C项承接上文，符合语境。
39．G　解析：上文讲述了提高适应能力的重要性以及生活中的变化。空处应进一步解释适应能力与生活变化的关系。G项进一步解释了适应能力与对新可能性的开放程度的关系，符合语境。
40．E　解析：上文讲述了走出舒适区能增强自信心，空处应进一步作出解释。E项引出了在舒适区之外取得成就对自信心的提升作用，承接上文，符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Steph Clemence always intended to go to college. 41 when her father died in a car accident, leaving her mother to support three daughters on a 42 income, paying for college became out of the question.
43 going to college, Steph found a job, and tried to 44 what to do with a life so different from her plan. The 45 came from two pages from her English teacher, Dorothy Clark. One afternoon she walked into the classroom carrying a stack of papers titled “Mrs. Clark's Book List”. It wasn't homework, the teacher announced, but it could be a road 46 . “Some of you might not go on to higher education，” Mrs. Clark said, “but you can 47 to learn.”
“I was determined to 48 myself，” Steph says. She studied the 49 and so it began. Each of those books sparked her 50 to learn more. “Reading books is like a treasure hunt，” says Steph. “What am I going to 51 How will my heart change？” That made her look for other books that weren't on the list, hoping to 52 her knowledge.
When the original list 53 ， she typed up a new copy. And then another. Over the years, the family moved around a lot. Through it all, the reading list was a 54 in Steph's life, traveling with her even on vacations. Now Steph is 70, and she never did get to college. But she has only four books 55 to read from the list. She expects to complete them sometime next year.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了斯蒂芬·克莱曼斯由于受到家境的影响无法继续读书学习，但是老师多萝西·克拉克罗列的书目让她燃起了继续读书学习的热情的故事。
41．A.And　　　　　　　 B．But
C．So D．Then
B　解析：根据下文中的“paying for college became out of the question”可知，空处前后是转折关系，but意为“但是”，符合语境。
42．A.modest B．high
C．regular D．net
A　解析：根据下文中的“paying for college became out of the question”可知，斯蒂芬的母亲收入微薄(modest)。
43．A.Due to B．Apart from
C．Instead of D．As for
C　解析：根据下文中的“Steph found a job”可知，斯蒂芬没有去上大学，而是找到了一份工作。instead of意为“代替，而不是”，符合语境。
44．A.rise to B．figure out
C．think of D．take down
B　解析：根据下文中的“what to do with a life so different from her plan”可知，斯蒂芬试图弄清楚(figure out)如何应对与她的计划截然不同的生活。
45．A.news B．question
C．response D．answer
D　解析：根据上文中的“what to do with a life so different from her plan”可知，此处表示答案(answer)来自斯蒂芬的英语老师多萝西·克拉克的两页纸。
46．A.show B．block
C．map D．test
C　解析：根据语境可知，这不是家庭作业，但可能是一份指南(road map)。
47．A.continue B．stop
C．pretend D．afford
A　解析：根据上文中的“Some of you might not go on to higher education”可知，此处表示“你们中的一些人可能不会继续接受高等教育，但你们可以继续(continue)学习”。
48．A.defend B．enjoy
C．support D．improve
D　解析：根据下文中的to learn more可知，斯蒂芬决心提升(improve)自己。
49．A.homework B．survey
C．report D．list
D　解析：根据上文中的Mrs. Clark's Book List可知，此处指斯蒂芬仔细研究了一下这个书单(list)。
50．A.creation B．passion
C．imagination D．satisfaction
B　解析：根据设空处所在句“Each of those books sparked her ______ to learn more.”可知，每一本书都激发了斯蒂芬学习更多知识的热情(passion)。
51．A.discover B．purchase
C．save D．bury
A　解析：根据上文中的a treasure hunt可知，读书就像寻宝一样，斯蒂芬期待自己会发现(discover)什么。
52．A.check B．understand
C．limit D．deepen
D　解析：根据上文中的“That made her look for other books that weren't on the list”可知，这让斯蒂芬开始寻找书单上没有的书，希望能增长(deepen)自己的知识。
53．A.tried out B．burst out
C．wore out D．sold out
C　解析：根据下文中的“she typed up a new copy”可知，原来的书单磨损(wear out)了。
54．A.choice B．souvenir
C．constant D．vision
C　解析：根据下文中的traveling with her even on vacations可知，阅读清单一直是斯蒂芬生活中不变的(constant)事。
55．A.missing B．published
C．finished D．left
D　解析：根据上文中的“she has only four books”可知，斯蒂芬只剩下(leave)四本书单上的书没读了。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You already know the fact that regular exercise is important for controlling weight and 56.____________(avoid) a variety of health conditions.But it can also improve your academic 57.____________(perform).And if you're a distance learning student, you may miss out on some of the opportunities for physical activity afforded to more traditional students who routinely walk around campus.But it's well worth the effort 58.____________(put) the scheduled exercise into practice.
The study, which 59.____________(publish) in the Journal of Medicine & Science, describes physical activity as 60.______________vigorous movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing.Mike McKenzie found that students who studied over 3 hours per day were 3.5 times 61.____________(likely) to be exercisers.Over a decade ago, McKenzie 62.____________(say) researchers discovered a link 63.______________exercise and focus in children.
More recently, another study by Johnson reveals that even short “microbursts” of physical activity throughout the day can have positive effects.Jennifer says that sitting for long periods of time, 64.______________college students tend to do, can have a negative health effect.In addition, the study found that five-minute bouts of walking every hour had a positive impact on mood, tiredness, and hunger at the end of a day.This may be 65.____________(particular) beneficial to students who also work a full-time job and study in the evening and nighttime hours.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了经常锻炼不但有利于身体健康，而且能促进学生的学业成绩。
56．avoiding　解析：考查非谓语动词。空处与controlling并列，应用动词-ing形式，作介词for的宾语。
57．performance　解析：考查名词。空处位于形容词academic之后，应用名词形式作动词improve的宾语。
58．to put　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
59．was published　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词The study，在从句中作主语，publish与逻辑主语study之间是被动关系，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。
60．a　解析：考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一种剧烈运动”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，vigorous是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。
61．more likely　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据上文3.5 times以及句意可知，此处表示“学习超过3小时的学生更有可能去锻炼身体”，空处应用形容词的比较级形式。
62．said　解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语Over a decade ago可知，应用一般过去时。
63．between　解析：考查介词。between...and...为固定搭配，表示“在……和……之间”。
64．which/as　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词sitting for long periods of time，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句，也可以用关系代词as表示“正如”。
65．particularly　解析：考查副词。空处修饰形容词beneficial，应用副词形式作状语。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校正在开展“创建美丽校园”的活动。请你用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书，要点包括：
1.创建美丽校园的重要性；
2.校园内存在的不文明现象。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear fellow students，
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Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear fellow students，
I'm writing to call on everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus.
As we know, an attractive campus can make our learning pleasant. However, there are some bad behaviors among students, such as running on the lawn, picking off flowers, etc. These deeds have already done great harm to our school environment and it's time we did something to change the situation. I think everyone is responsible for the beauty of our campus. Every effort matters.
Take action now and we can make a big difference in the future.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The New Year was fast approaching, and I was beginning to wonder if everything on my to-do list would ever get done. Our out-of-town guests would be arriving shortly, and my children would soon be off for the break. My list of things that needed to be bought, baked, cooked, decorated, or wrapped was a mile long, and I was running out of time. I grabbed a pencil and paper and began to make a plan. With a little luck and some careful planning, I might be able to get it all done.
While sitting at the kitchen table writing out the last of my festival cards, it suddenly occurred to me that one of our school moms was financially struggling and emotionally depressed for some reason. The mom's name was Becky. Her daughter rode on the school bus with my three children. Several of us moms dropped our kids off at the school bus every morning and collected them after school at the same place. We would chat with each other while we waited for the bus to arrive before and after school.
Becky was kind and gentle, but she seemed shy. She never joined the rest of us while we chatted. I didn't know what made me think of it, but I couldn't get Becky out of my mind. My heart broke for her and her daughter, and I wondered what the New Year would be like for them this year.
I felt led to do something that I did not feel at all comfortable doing. I honestly didn't know where the idea came from, but I knew that I was going to have to do it. After discussing with my best friend Sharon, we decided to ask the moms at the bus stop to contribute some money toward festival gifts for Becky and her daughter.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
The next morning, the usual group of ladies was at the bus stop waiting in their cars.__________________________________________________________________
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When we arrived at the department store, we noticed a huge sign in the window, “ONE DAY SALE 40% OFF.”___________________________________________
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One possible version：
The next morning, the usual group of ladies was at the bus stop waiting in their cars. Anxious and hesitant, we approached the first mom. She listened as we shared our idea with her. When we asked if she would like to contribute a small amount toward some gifts, she said she would love to and handed us twenty dollars. That was encouraging and made it easier to approach the next car, and then the next one, each time being met with smiles, words of encouragement, and generous donations. Tears ran down the cheeks of one mom as she wrote us a cheque for one hundred dollars! With all the contributions collected and counted, Sharon and I decided to shop for the gifts together.
When we arrived at the department store, we noticed a huge sign in the window, “ONE DAY SALE 40% OFF.” The money we had collected was going to go even further than we had anticipated. We found some beautiful gifts for Becky and her daughter. After filling two huge baskets with healthy groceries and tasty treats, we still hadn't used up all of the money! We were able to purchase a few gift cards for some fun activities that Becky and her daughter could enjoy together over the holidays. When we dropped them off at her home, Becky was so touched that she cried tears of gratitude and appreciation. A miracle is when one plus one equals a thousand.INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBX4Unit4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBX4Unit4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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[核心单词]　blank　　　composition educatorbound resolve refresh criticizeinquire register subscribe comprehensioncease assumption occupation qualifyprospect competence tight maturereference draft bounce extension [重点短语]　be bound to, keep pace with sb./sth., subscribe to, in a flash, compose oneself, bounce ideas off sb.[重点句型]　1.there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.2．so that引导目的状语从句3．否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装4．“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语动词
[单元语法]　复杂句分析 [写作任务]　呼吁阅读的倡议书
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[Benefits]pay off　　　　　　　　　　取得成功efficient adj. 有效率的scholarship n. 奖学金appreciate v. 欣赏；感激passion n. 激情make a difference 有意义；起作用balance your study and life 平衡你的学习和生活[Learning methods]take notes 记笔记concentration n. 集中，专心make a learning plan 制订学习计划scientific learning methods 科学的学习方法be buried in/be absorbed in 埋头于；专心于review/go over one's lessons 复习某人的功课combine study with entertainment 学习与娱乐相结合develop/form a good learning habit 培养好的学习习惯make use of 利用take a positive attitude 采取积极的态度 [Actions]handwriting n.　　　　　　　书法follow vt. 跟随；效仿correct vt. 批改first-class adj. 一流的crazy adj. 疯狂的stressful adj. 有压力的calculate v. 计算compulsory adj. 必修的course n. 课程argument n. 争论；争辩question vt. 询问document n. 文件；文献curiosity n. 好奇心take an exam 参加考试make up one's mind 下决心be faced with difficulty 面对困难curriculum n. (学校等的)全部课程further education 继续教育；进修spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事make full preparations for... 为……做好充分准备
话题佳句 1.Speaking without practicing is a waste of learning for a hundred years.　光说不练，枉学百年。2．If you don't go forward, you don't know how far it is; if you don't study hard, you don't understand the truth.　如果你不向前走，就不会知道路有多远；如果你不努力学习，就不会明白真理。3．Swords must rust before they are ground; people should lag behind when they are not learning.宝剑不磨要生锈；人不学习要落后。4．There is no widespread talent without learning, and no ambition without learning.非学无以广才，非学无以成志。
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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What's the main idea of the text
A．We should be lifelong learners.
B．We are living in a rapidly changing world.
C．We had better accept new ideas completely.
D.We should be content with our current situations.
答案：A
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答案：1.acquire　2.don't　3.lifelong　4.beneficial
5．Applying　6.cease
1．Why is it vital to remain lifelong learners in a changing world
A.One will be exposed to many new things in a changing world.
B.You can find better jobs by remaining a lifelong learner.
C.It is hard for us to keep pace with the latest developments.
D．One might have not done well at school.
2．What is the purpose of paragraph 3
A．To show us how to be a lifelong learner.
B．To show some examples of lifelong learners.
C．To tell us the reason for being a lifelong learner.
D.To offer some background information about the necessity of lifelong learning.
3．What is the author's attitude towards lifelong learning
A．Doubtful.　　　　　 B．Neutral.
C．Supportive. D．Indifferent.
4．What can we know from the text
A．The more you learn, the more you know.
B.Acquiring knowledge is just a way of knowing the world.
C.Lifelong learning is vital in a rapidly changing world.
D．Knowledge is what you don't know.
答案：1～4.AACC
1．As I journey through my life, I have become aware that acquiring knowledge is not only a means by which you can better understand the world, but also a way of appreciating how much, as an individual, you do not know.(Para.1)
[分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。“As I journey through my life”为时间状语从句；“by which you can better understand the world”是“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词means；“how much...”从句作appreciating的宾语。
[翻译]　在我的人生旅途中，我意识到获得知识不仅是一种更好地了解世界的方式，也是一种作为一个个体了解你有多少不知道的事物的方式。
2．I once had an art teacher, pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important, but also what you cannot see.(Para.1)
[分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。其中第一个that引导宾语从句，在这个从句中使用了强调句型，用“not only...but also...”连接被强调部分：what you can see和what you cannot see。
[翻译]　我曾经有一位艺术老师，他指出重要的不仅是你能看到的东西，还有你看不到的东西。
There is always new knowledge to acquire and new skills to develop in our life, so 1.it is vital to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly 2.changing(change) world. As you progress through life, you may study and work in new environments. Consequently, you will 3.be exposed(expose) to many new ideas, beliefs, practices and learning 4.experiences(experience). Furthermore, the production of knowledge is bound 5.to grow(grow) rapidly.
Then how can you proceed as a lifelong learner Firstly, lifelong learning is 6.an attitude. Be objective 7.and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas. Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning. Finally, understand that it is not sufficient to 8.simply(simple) know something or to understand 9.what you know, because for knowledge to have concrete value, it must 10.be applied(apply).
In summary, in a world of constant change, one should never cease to learn.
1．Today, study-oriented society (学习型社会) is a hot topic. Could you offer any advice on how to create such a society
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2．Could you give some tips on how to keep lifelong learning
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答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．Confucius n.　　 A．抽象的，纯理论的
2．concrete adj. B．领域，范围；领土；域
3．abstract adj. C．孔子
4．domain n. D．确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的
答案：1～4.CDAB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．the blank spaces between the objects
物体与物体之间的空白
2．be bound to grow rapidly
必然会迅速增长
3．never cease to learn 永远不停止学习
4．boost your sense of self-worth
提升你的自我价值感
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．composition n．构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术→compose v．组成，构成(一个整体)；作曲；创作→composer n．作曲者；作曲家
2．educator n．教育家；教育工作者→educate v．教育→education n．教育
3．resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定n.决心，坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
4．refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起→refreshment n．点心；茶点；恢复精力→refreshed adj.恢复精力的→refreshing adj.提神的；令人耳目一新的
5．objective adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n.目标，目的→objection n．反对；异议；不赞成→objectively adv.客观地→(反义词)subjective adj.主观的
6．criticize vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价→criticism n．批评；指责；评论
7．inquire vi.& vt. 询问，打听→inquiry n．询问
8．register vi.& vt.登记，注册 n．语体风格，语域；登记表→registration n．登记，注册，挂号
9．subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)→subscription n．订阅费，会员费
10．comprehension n．理解力，领悟能力；理解练习→comprehensive adj. 综合性的，全面的；有理解能力的→comprehend v．理解
11．reasoning n．推理，理性的观点，论证→reason n.原因，理由 v．推理，推论
12．assumption n．假定，假设→assume v．假定；设想→assuming conj.如果，假设
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．Being exposed to(暴露在) sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
2．After a long day of work, you are bound to(肯定会) feel tired and you'd better take a shower and have a good relaxation.
3．The temperature rose to the extent(到……的程度) that the firemen had to leave the burning house.
4．In a time of social reform, people's state of mind tends to keep pace with(与……步调一致) the rapid changes of society.
5．We took advantage of(利用) the fine weather and spent the day at the beach.
6．All scientists subscribe to(同意) the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.”意为“(对某人来说)没有必要做某事”
This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school(你没有必要在学校学习) but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(Para.2)
2．so that 引导目的状语从句
At the same time, you need to develop critical thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas(以便你不会盲目地接受新思想).(Para.3)
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　))
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈1F3半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈1F3半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　blank　adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)
的；没表情的，木然的
n．空白处，空格
【经典例句】
①(外研选必四U4)They stared back, their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.
他们面无表情地回望着，让人对他们接下来会说什么毫无头绪。
②You need to create a sort of blank slate within yourself to begin reconstructing how you see the world.
你需要在你自己的内心创造一块白板，在上面重建你所看到的世界。
(1)go blank　　　　　 (脑子里)一片空白
fill in the blanks 填表；填空
(2)blankly adv. 茫然地；毫无表情地
【语境辨义/完成句子】
(1)She stared at me with a blank expression on her face, as if she had no idea who I was or what I had said.adj.没表情的，木然的
[读后续写之神态描写]
(2)Before submitting the form, please fill in the blanks for your address and phone number.n.空白处，空格
(3)站在一大群观众面前，我感到心跳加速，大脑完全一片空白。
Standing in front of the large audience, I felt my heart racing and my mind went completely blank．[读后续写之情绪描写]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈2F3半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈2F3半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　bound　adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务
(做某事)；正在到……去的
v．跳跃着前进
【经典例句】
①(外研选必三U4)Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but I'm sure they're bound to happen sooner or later!
其中一些想法可能听起来远超于他们的时代，但我相信它们迟早会发生！
②(人教选必二U4)They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.
她们在那里度过了一晚，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉，来到贾斯珀。
(1)be bound to do　　　 一定会做；很可能做
be bound for＋地点 开往某地；准备前往 某地
(2)bound into 蹦蹦跳跳地进入
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Since she has a strong will and keeps making efforts, her confidence is bound to grow(grow) with each small success.
(2)The international exchange students took a plane bound for Kunming to experience the Chinese folk culture there.
(3)波莉拿着一封信，蹦蹦跳跳地进了房间，她的脸上洋溢着兴奋和期待。
Polly came bounding into the room holding a letter, her face filled with excitement and anticipation.[读后续写之动作描写＋情感描写]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈3F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈3F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　keep pace with sb./sth.　与……步调
一致，与……并驾齐驱
【经典例句】
①(人教选必四U1)As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.　随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我置身于户外。
②She paced up and down in the kitchen, and then wandered down to the gate and back.
她在厨房来回踱步，然后溜达到大门口又回来。
(1)pace n.　　　　　 速度；步伐；节奏
vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏；(因担忧、紧张或不耐烦而)踱步
at a(n)...pace 以……的速度
at a pace of... 以……的速度
set the pace 确定速度；起带头作用；树立榜样
(2)pace up and down 来回踱步
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)She is learning a new language at a pace of ten new words per day, and she hopes to be fluent in six months.
(2)She is working hard to keep pace with her classmates in the advanced math course.
(3)在马拉松比赛中，领跑的选手为其他参赛者设定了节奏，其他人都努力跟上。
The lead runner set the pace for the rest of the field in the marathon, and everyone else tried to keep up.
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈4F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈4F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　resolve　vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定
n．决心，坚定的信念
【经典例句】 (外研必修三U1) If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I'm sure you do！), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts.
如果你想赢得更多的篮球比赛(我确定你想！)，你们需要团结协作，那就意味着你们彼此之间要沟通清楚、解决矛盾。
(1)resolve to do sth. 决定做某事
resolve on (doing) sth. 决定/决心(做)某事
(2)resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定；分辨率
make a resolution to do... 决定做……
【单句语法填空/完成句子/同义替换】
(1)Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors, so our country has resolved to spare(spare) no effort to protect them.
(2)I made a resolution to be(be) more patient and understanding with my family and friends.
(3)当我在这里的时候，我下定决心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。
I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here.
(4)He resolved on studying harder to improve his grades.
→He resolved to study harder/made a resolution to study harder to improve his grades.
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈5F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈5F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　inquire　vi.& vt. 询问，打听
【经典例句】 (教材P45)Instead, you should inquire further to assess the truth of what you are being told.
相反，你应该进一步调查，以评估你被告知的真相。
(1)inquire sth. of sb.　 询问某人某事
inquire about sth. 打听某事
inquire into sth. 调查某事；查问某事
(2)inquiry n. 调查；查询；询问；打听；探查，探询
inquiring adj. 好问的；探索的；探询的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)All this helps children to develop an inquiring(inquire) attitude to learning.
(2)He inquired of me very politely whether I wanted to continue or not.
(3)I've heard that the government will hold an inquiry(inquire) into the affair.
(4)我想询问一下你们新产品的价格。
I'd like to inquire about the price of your new products．
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　assumption　n.假定，假设；(责任的)
承担；(权利的)获得
【经典例句】
①(外研选必三U1)How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about, because it's not always obvious who is truly happy.
别人感受如何不是我们应该假定的事情，因为谁是真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
②(北师大必修三U9)Most people assume that the human brain is set on “automatic”—that means it learns all by itself.
大多数人认为人类的大脑是“自动运行的”——这意味着大脑能自动学习。
(1)make an assumption/assumptions about...
　　 　　　　 对……做出假设
make an assumption/assumptions that... 假定/认为……
on the assumption that... 假设……
(2)assume vt. 假定，假设；认为；承担
assume that... 假定/认为……
assume...to be... 假定/认为……是……
It is (generally) assumed that... (普遍)认为……
(3)assuming conj. 假定，假设
assuming that... 假定/假设……
【单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级】
(1)(北师大选必二U5)People make the assumption(assume) that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so.
(2)Assuming(assume) that I'm given the opportunity，I will spare no effort to promote teamwork and create a positive and productive working environment.[应用文写作之申请信]
(3)Apart from personal development, assuming responsibility for your actions (为你的行为承担责任) is also important for the betterment of society.
(4)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
→It is assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but it can also strengthen our memory.(it作形式主语；倒装句)
INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
assuming (that) 后跟句子时，相当于if引导的条件状语从句；类似的结构还有suppose/supposing (that)、providing/provided (that)、given (that) 等。
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈7F2半GLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈7F2半GLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　“there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.”
意为“(对某人来说)没有必要做某事”
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.　这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认用终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的，也是有益的。
②(人教选必四U3)From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.　从科学的角度来看，(我们)迫切需要对北极进行研究，以了解气候变化及其影响。
there is a need (for sb.) to do sth.
　　　　 (对某人来说)做某事是有必要的
in need 在危难中，在危急中；贫困的
in need of... 需要……
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor.[应用文写作之建议信]
(2)There is a need to improve(improve) public transportation systems in order to reduce traffic jams.
(3)她没必要为迟到道歉，因为今天早上的交通状况非常糟糕。
→She doesn't need to apologize for being late, as the traffic was terrible this morning.
→There is no need for her to apologize for being late, as the traffic was terrible this morning.
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈8F半LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "圈8F半LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　so that引导目的状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)At the same time, you need to develop critical thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas.
与此同时，你需要培养批判性思维技能，以便你不会盲目地接受新思想。
②(北师大必修三U8)People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能从那里继续使用。
(1)so that引导目的状语从句时，意为“以便、为了”，可用in order that替换，从句中常有may、can、could等情态动词；
(2)so that引导结果状语从句时，意为“因此、所以”，通常不与情态动词连用。
【完成句子/句型转换】
(1)他们提前收拾好行李，以便早点出发。
They packed their luggage in advance so that/in order that they could set off early．
(2)I read the newspaper every week to keep track of what is happening outside.
→I read the newspaper every week so that/in order that I can keep track of what is happening outside．(目的状语从句)
INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
in order that引导目的状语从句时，可用于句首，而so that一般不用于句首。
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(　))
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Most of the locals hold the view that great changes are bound to occur when the new recycling system is introduced.
2．(北师大选必三U8)Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank(空白的) wall under her blanket.
3．(2022·全国甲卷)It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving(解决).
4．I hope I can have a perfect holiday here and by getting close to nature, I can get relaxed and refreshed(精力恢复的).
5．Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized(批评).
6．It was the outstanding astronomer who always subscribed(定期捐助) to our school, and we were sincerely grateful to him.
7．You shouldn't make an assumption that the plan will work perfectly; there may be unforeseen obstacles along the way.
8．Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives(目标), keeping your beliefs, values and strengths in mind.
9．Do you have any concrete(具体的) thoughts on how to deal with this difficulty
10．So nervous was she that she paced up and down outside the room，with her heart pounding wildly.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．We are working on the assumption that(假设) the rate of inflation will not increase next year.
2．You have done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam(一定会通过考试).
3．Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity(充分利用这个机会) to join sports teams.
4．My main reason for subscribing to(订阅) New Scientist is to know about advances in science.
5．According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour (以每小时六英里的速度) would burn about 800 calories per hour.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
Dear Alex，
I am very glad to receive your letter 1.in which you said you wanted to learn about lifelong learning in China(你在信中说你想了解中国的终身学习；“介词＋which”引导定语从句). In China, lifelong learning is highly valued. People of all ages are constantly seeking knowledge. There are many adults who go back to school for further education. For example, in some evening classes, you can see people who are eager to learn new skills.
2．It is the pursuit of knowledge that drives Chinese people to engage in lifelong learning(正是对知识的追求促使中国人终身学习；强调句型). College students in China are also very diligent. They study various subjects 3.so that they can have a better future(以便他们有更好的未来；so that引导目的状语从句). 4.There is no need for them to worry too much about failure[对他们来说，没有必要过分担心失败；there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.], as long as they keep learning.
In conclusion, lifelong learning is an important part of Chinese people's lives.
Best regards，
Li HuaINCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．No one could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning(reason).
2．Confucius, whose ideas have a great impact on Chinese culture，is considered the greatest ancient educator(educate).
3．There was wide criticism(criticize) of the government's handling of the disaster.
4．Although this library was open to everyone, all readers had to pay a membership or subscription(subscribe) fee in order to borrow books.
5．She made the assumption(assume) that he forgot her birthday, but found a surprise party waiting at home.
6．As far as the English composition(compose) is concerned, practice is the best way.
7．Then the whole family will sit together.The whole table is full of refreshments(refresh) and fruits.
8．Deep in sorrow, the man wondered how to fetch help, pacing(pace) up and down in the room nervously.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．As far as I'm concerned, it was his strong determination that made a difference.
2．Designed for a large number of young people, the new product is bound to make(make) a big hit once it is officially launched.
3．Assuming(assume) that I am chosen to be a volunteer at the Olympics, I will serve the people heart and soul.
4．Because I was with several older women, we were moving at a slow pace.
5．He wondered at/about the outstanding lady's response, and just to clarify, he asked her another question.
6．I have actively attended Chinese lectures, from which I gain a good knowledge of Chinese cultures.
7．There are multiple magazines and you can subscribe to the ones that you are interested in.
8．When facing severe environmental problems, there is a need to take(take) effective measures to protect our planet.
9．He didn't tell the truth when the police inquired into the accident.
10．A lot of people objected to the film, so it failed before it was released.
维度三　完成句子
1．正是因为您的慷慨帮助，我才坚信我会尽快适应大学生活。(强调句型)
It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
2．为了保护环境，有必要教育人们关于减少浪费的重要性。
There is a need to educate people about the importance of waste reduction to protect the environment.
3．人们认为，全球变暖和气候变化在未来可能会导致更多的灾难。
It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future.
4．上周日是劳动节，节日的目的是提高我们的劳动意识。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
Last Sunday was the Labor Day, of which the purpose is to raise our awareness of the labor．
5．请打开窗户，以便我们能呼吸到新鲜空气。(so that引导目的状语从句)
Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air．
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自北师大选必二U5】
Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl. By the time she was seven years old, she still couldn't speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. This was because she couldn't see or hear. With these severe restrictions to her communication，Helen's behaviour was often unbearable. She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency to break things when no one understood her.
Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them, a woman named Anne Sullivan. Anne was a teacher and former student at a school for the blind in Boston. She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen's difficulties.
Anne's technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward. Anne spelt words by writing on Helen's hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words. She started with the word “doll”. She would let Helen play with the doll, and then spell the letters“D-O-L-L” on her hand. When they initially did this, Helen thought it was a game. She wrote about her excitement later in her book，The Story of My Life：
“Running downstairs to my mother, I held up my hand and made the letters for ‘doll’. I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed；I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation.”
When they were at the well one day, Anne put one of Helen's hands under the stream of water. As the water flowed over Helen's hand，Anne spelt out “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen's other hand. As Anne wrote on Helen's hand, Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand. This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy. Finally, she got the world of words opened up to her.
Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. Children who can see and hear learn language easily, but for Helen, it was a gradual and sometimes painful process. However, because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning, the results were amazing.
1．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The life story of Anne Sullivan.
B.Helen Keller's struggle and success in learning language.
C．The importance of language learning.
D．The difficulties of teaching a blind and deaf child.
2．What can we infer from the passage
A．Helen Keller was a quick learner.
B．Anne Sullivan had no difficulty teaching Helen.
C．Helen Keller's parents gave up on her before Anne came.
D.Helen Keller's enthusiasm for learning contributed to her success.
3．How did Anne Sullivan teach Helen the word “doll”？
A．By showing her a picture of a doll.
B．By writing the letters on Helen's hand while she played with a doll.
C．By making Helen imitate the sound of the word.
D．By describing the doll to Helen.
4．What does the underlined word “unbearable”mean in paragraph 1
A．Acceptable.
B．Manageable.
C．Unpleasant and difficult to deal with.
D．Enjoyable.
答案：1～4.BDBC
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·郑州第一次质检)A few years ago, we bought a Taj Mahal (泰姬陵) model for my dad's birthday, hoping to combine his love for architecture with family time.
Each evening, my dad and I gathered around the large dining table to build the model. We faced thousands of tiny white pieces, each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags, accompanied by a thick instruction book.
The evenings passed quickly, and the building rose before our eyes. We could see our efforts producing good results, and as we turned to the boring task of ordering the colored bricks on the building's floor, our conversation too took a turn.
We were amazed by how complex the model and its instruction book were. We realized the book itself was a work of art, beautiful, but also surprisingly detailed and clear. It provided us with the comfort of certainty. We knew if we followed all the instructions, we would end up with a model that looked exactly like the picture on the box. If we made a mistake, all we had to do was to repeat our steps and start again.
Life, however, does not fit together so neatly and rarely provides us with such clear instructions. We talked over our respective lives, decisions made, and actions and choices never taken. Dad reflected on a life well lived, and I, in my mid-thirties, on the uncertain path that lay ahead.
Here, we were the expert architects doing the assembling (组装), but out in the world, we were the ones being assembled. We think we're in control, but our choices are shaped by forces beyond our control. In the face of uncertainty, we have to proceed, trusting both in the process and the end result.
Sometimes, on the days I return home, I go to the spare room to look at the completed model, which brings forth a sense of happiness and comfort. It reminds me that life is built slowly, with mistakes, an element of uncertainty and no instruction book. It shows that consideration, warmth and faith will result in a life well lived. Life itself is not about what we materially create or leave behind, but rather how we live it.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在与父亲一起搭建泰姬陵模型的过程中意识到生活充满了不确定性，人们应该充满信心地前行。
1．Which can best describe the author's experience of building the model
A.Simple and uninteresting.
B．Imaginative and enjoyable.
C．Complicated and rewarding.
D．Challenging and discouraging.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We faced thousands of tiny white pieces...a thick instruction book.”可知，搭建过程是复杂的；根据第三段中的“We could see our efforts producing good results”可知，作者他们看见自己的努力产生了良好的效果，再结合下文作者从搭建模型中获得的生活感悟可推知，搭建该模型是有意义的。
2．What does the author learn from assembling the model
A．Life requires to be planned carefully.
B．Life doesn't come with clear guidance.
C．Mistakes in life can always be corrected.
D．Life's uncertainty makes it more exciting.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We knew if we followed...picture on the box.”并结合第五段中的“Life, however...clear instruction.”可知，在组装模型的过程中，作者意识到生活不像搭建模型一样有清晰的指示。
3．How does the author suggest we deal with uncertainty in life
A．By avoiding making any choice.
B．By focusing on instant end results.
C．By seeking instructions from others.
D．By moving forward with confidence.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“In the face of uncertainty...the end result.”可知，作者建议面对不确定性，人们必须继续前进，相信过程和最终结果。
4．What does the completed model mean to the author
A．The value of hard work in life.
B．The achievement of life goals.
C．The journey of living one's life.
D．The joy of staying with families.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It reminds that life is built slowly...but rather how we live it.”可推知，对作者来说，已经完成的模型意味着一段人生旅程。
B
(2025·临沂高二检测)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make a difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance—curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.And I have never known an average man who had both.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more than ambition.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why Why Why？”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only to recapture them.“The great man，” said Mencius, “is he who does not lose his child's heart.” Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average.
Most of us meet new people and new ideas, with hesitation.But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance.We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged.I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.
The way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You don't have any special ability Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses.You don't have any time That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done.Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking.You're too old Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了好奇心和不满足感对于成功的重要性，并强调现在是开始行动的最佳时机。
5．What does the author aim to do in writing paragraph 1
A．Present an argument.
B．Make a comparison.
C．Reach a conclusion.
D．Propose a definition.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段提出了文章的论点，即两种品质决定了成就卓越的人和表现一般的人的区别：好奇和不满足感。
6．What does the example of Galileo tell us
A．Scientists tend to have varied ambitions.
B．Trial and error lead to the finding of truth.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，作者通过伽利略的例子告诉我们伟大来自对探索的持久渴望。
7．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A．Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可推知，我们能通过培养质疑的思维来重新找回好奇心和不满足感。
8．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B.The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The way to begin is...who get things done.”以及最后一段内容可推知，文章最后两段强调不要因为自己没有时间和才能而不去采取行动。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·杭州高二检测)
How to Stay Motivated When the Going Gets Tough
There will undoubtedly be times when the going gets tough in your life and you find yourself struggling with motivation.When this happens, you'd better have a few tricks up your sleeve to help you stay motivated and move forward.
There are a variety of reasons for feeling unmotivated. 1.__________It's of great significance to take some time to understand why.The best way is to look back at where you began to lose motivation.Once you know the cause of your problem, finding a solution will become easier.
Going back to your goals can also help.A simple reminder of your objectives can get you back on track. 2.__________Seeing your goals in this form makes them feel more real and achievable.
3．__________A specific plan can keep you focused and allow you to track your progress, while sticking to it helps you develop discipline.These are of great importance when it comes to making progress toward your goals.
Another trick is to take a moment and acknowledge how far you've come.There are different ways to acknowledge your efforts, like treating yourself to a meal or taking a break for reflection.You may find that even the smallest events can be the biggest moments. 4.________
The most important thing might be to surround yourself with like-minded individuals who can offer support and encouragement. 5.__________If you're feeling lost, just reach out to your support system for guidance and insight.
A．They can help you handle all those problems.
B．It's important that you appreciate your efforts.
C．Writing them down will always be a great choice.
D.Moreover, it's better to set a goal when creating your plan.
E．Being around understanding people can make the journey less discouraging.
F．Besides, you should make and follow through with a plan to stay motivated.
G．It could be due to a lack of interest in the task at hand, or it could be the result of stress.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当情况变得艰难时，如何保持动力。
1．G　解析：根据上文“There are a variety of reasons for feeling unmotivated.”可知，空处应介绍没有动力的原因，G项承接上文，符合语境。
2．C　解析：根据上文“Going back to...back on track.”及下文“Seeing your goals...real and achievable.”可知，空处应介绍回到目标的方式，C项承上启下，符合语境。
3．F　解析：根据下文“A specific plan...toward your goals.”可知，空处是与具体的计划有关的话题，F项引出下文，符合语境。
4．B　解析：根据上文“Another trick is to...the biggest moments.”可知，空处是与承认你的努力有关的话题，B项承接上文，符合语境。
5．E　解析：根据上文“The most important thing...support and encouragement.”可知，空处应说明与志同道合的人在一起的好处，E项承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·济南高二检测)It was a winter afternoon when I tripped over a high kerb (马路牙子). Suddenly, I was flying through the air.It was only the next morning when I tried to take a photo of some splendid sunlight 1 into my kitchen, that I had to face the reality: I could no longer lift my camera, let alone use it.Later, a hospital appointment 2 my worst fear—the arm needed total rest.
Soon I became impatient.I couldn't travel much.Surfing online, I 3 the concept of gratitude intervention, a method to boost 4 and well-being by being grateful.I had never been wildly 5 about the concept of counting one's blessings.However, a Californian psychologist, Sonja Lyubomirsky, has 6 research into something much more creative—using a daily photography 7 as a tool for enhanced gratitude.
Lyubomirsky's instructions are 8 ， but not necessarily easy to carry out.Take photographs throughout the day of things central to who you are.Reading how participants assigned to the gratitude interventions 9 experienced enhanced positive emotions, a sense of connectedness, more support, and less 10 ， I decided to carry on.
Taking a single photo was painful, but the 11 to find anything to feel grateful about, and then to record it, started to greatly 12 both my mood and my images.I began to photograph the 13 of my days.Despite everything, I found I could find magic in the daily routines.Life seems repetitive and 14 when you don't notice the 15 of each moment and the constant small changes that are going on all around you.Don't just take my word for it—experience it for yourself.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在手臂受伤需要休息的情况下，通过参与感恩干预的摄影练习，改善了自己的情绪和幸福感的故事。
1．A.emerging　　　　 　 B．slicing
C．streaming D．sticking
C　解析：根据上文“take a photo of some splendid sunlight”及下文“into my kitchen”可推知，灿烂阳光照(stream)进厨房，画面很美，作者想拍下照片。
2．A.promoted B．confirmed
C．relieved D．disturbed
B　解析：根据下文“Soon I became impatient.I couldn't travel much.”可推知，去医院就诊证实(confirm)了作者最担心的事情。
3．A.made up B．came across
C．took down D．proceeded with
B　解析：根据上文“Surfing online”和下文“the concept of gratitude intervention”可推知，作者是在网上浏览信息时偶然发现(come across)了感恩干预的概念。
4．A.mood B．recognition
C．rank D．desire
A　解析：根据下文“Reading how participants...more support, and less ______”可知，参与实验的人体验到了情绪上的改善，因此这是通过感恩来改善情绪(mood)和幸福感的方法。
5．A.particular B．dynamic
C．realistic D．enthusiastic
D　解析：根据下文表示转折的“However”，以及作者后来真的尝试使用这种方法可推知，此处指作者之前从未对这一概念有过狂热的热情(enthusiastic)。
6．A.consulted B．dominated
C．guaranteed D．pioneered
D　解析：根据下文“research into something...for enhanced gratitude”可推知，这名心理学家做出了更进一步的研究，开创(pioneer)了更有创意的每日摄影练习，以此增强感恩。
7．A.technique B．plan
C．practice D．motion
C　解析：根据下文“Take photographs throughout the day of things central to who you are.”可知，增强感恩的工具是每天的摄影练习(practice)。
8．A.simple B．complex
C．consistent D．abstract
A　解析：根据下文“but not necessarily easy to carry out”可知，此处有转折，虽然柳博米尔斯基的建议很简单(simple)，但执行起来未必容易。
9．A.significantly B．subsequently
C．elegantly D．slightly
A　解析：根据下文“I decided to carry on”和语境可知，作者决定继续下去，由此可推知，作者是看到研究中的参与者显著地(significantly)体验到情绪好转，觉得这种方法有效。
10．A.anticipation B．abuse
C．loneliness D．motivation
C　解析：根据上文“experienced enhanced positive emotions, a sense of connectedness, more support”可知，参与者体验到的是增强的积极情绪、联系感、更多的支持，因此孤独感(loneliness)更少。
11．A.promise B．struggle
C．urgency D．decline
B　解析：根据下文“started to greatly ____both my mood and my images”可推知，能对情绪和形象起到真正的影响的是真的去努力(struggle)寻找任何值得感激的东西，并进行记录。
12．A.justify B．balance
C．improve D．ruin
C　解析：根据下文“Despite everything, I found I could find magic in the daily routines.”可知，作者在日常生活中找到魔力，因此情绪和形象是被改善(improve)了。
13．A.stuff B．details
C．panic D．achievements
B　解析：根据下文“Despite everything, I found I could find magic in the daily routines.”可推知，作者拍摄的是日常生活中的细节(detail)，虽然很寻常，却有神奇之处。
14．A.desperate B．unfair
C．boring D．meaningful
C　解析：根据上文“Life seems repetitive”可推知，空处与repetitive并列，表示生活变得重复而无聊(boring)。
15．A.liberation B．anxiety
C．challenge D．uniqueness
D　解析：根据上文“Life seems repetitive”可推知，人觉得生活变得重复是因为没有留心到每时每刻的独特性(uniqueness)。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　分析下面的长难句并翻译
1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
[分析]　本句是并列复合句，but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，After引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，that引导结果状语从句。
翻译：廷德尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她本来准备让它安乐死，但法伯的治疗极大地缓解了她的狗的痛苦，使她能够让查理多活了五个月。
2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
[分析]　本句是主从复合句。现在分词短语making for a guide在句中作结果状语，其中含有两个which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a guide。
翻译：她从商人的实用角度出发撰写这本书，而非以学者的身份，使这本书成为一本非常通俗易懂且信息丰富的指南，读到最后，你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
3．(2024·全国甲卷)He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome.
[分析]　本句是主从复合句。谓语动词suggested后跟省略连接词that的宾语从句“I think about...”，其中介词短语“between...and...”作后置定语修饰difference；三个endings后均为that引导的定语从句；even if引导让步状语从句。
翻译：他建议我思考一下，我想要给角色设定的结局与适合角色的结局之间有什么区别，以及那些即便没有传统意义上的美好结果，也能让故事圆满的结局。
4．(2024·浙江卷1月)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.
[分析]　本句是并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，because引导原因状语从句；第二个分句中，that引导定语从句，“a feeling of reward and satisfaction”作value的同位语。
翻译：我们之所以会受到甜食的诱惑，是因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量匮乏的世界里，而我们的大脑对这些食物形成了一种反应机制，这种机制反映了这些食物的价值——一种奖励和满足感。
5．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism，including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works，and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
[分析]　本句是主从复合句。句中第二个and连接并列的动词不定式“to make...”和“to teach...”作表语；“including...”为介词短语，其中what和why均引导宾语从句；“how to adopt this philosophy”作teach的宾语；if引导条件状语从句，“it's right for you”为宾语从句。
翻译：这本书的目标就是为数字极简主义提供支持理由， 包括详细探索它的要求和为什么它有效， 以及教会你如何运用这种极简生活的哲学观， 如果你觉得它适合你。
6．The staff is friendly and helpful，providing you with a map of the city when you arrive，and offering advice if you require some.
[分析]　本句是主从复合句。现在分词“providing...”和“offering...”并列作伴随状语；when 引导时间状语从句；if 引导条件状语从句。
翻译：工作人员热情友好、乐于助人， 他们在你抵达时为你提供城市地图，并在你需要时提供建议。
维度二　语法与写作
1．(2023·浙江卷1月读后续写)令人欣慰的是，原先窗户上的那个洞已经无影无踪了。
It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found．
2．(2024·全国甲卷)当我们到达时，我们直奔一家有名的餐厅点餐，菜的味道非常棒。
When we arrived, we went straight to a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted great．
3．(2024·北京卷)虽然他认为客观现实是存在的，但他说我们的思维在构建和塑造我们的感知过程中起着必不可少的作用。
While he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.
4．(2024·浙江卷1月)她了解到，只要有一点创造力和观察力，任何挑战都能被克服。
She learned that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome．
5．他总是犯同样的错误，这使他的老师很恼火。
He is always making the same mistake，which makes his teacher annoyed．
6．人类活动导致了环境污染是众所周知的事实。
The fact that the human activities cause environmental pollution is known to us all.
7．然而，在我看来，对学生最有好处的是阅读英语书籍，因为它可以帮助学生对英语这门语言有更深的了解。
However, from my point of view, what benefits students most is reading English books, for it can help students gain a deeper understanding of English as a language．
8．他是我心目中的英雄，因为他虽然身有残疾，但从未放弃过自己的梦想。
He is the hero in my heart because he never gives up his dream although he is disabled．
9．给我印象最深的是爱尔兰的民间舞蹈和歌曲，这绝对是文化节的亮点之一。
What impressed me most were Irish folk dances and songs, which were definitely one of the highlights of the cultural festival．
10．非常感谢您， 您不仅给予了我生命，还教导我如何做一个好人。
Thank you so much for not only giving me life, but also teaching me how to be a good person．
维度三　语篇填空
1．We were told that there was going to be a party next week(我们被告知下周将有一个聚会), but we don't know the exact time and place. “It makes no difference 2.when and where we will hold the party(我们将在什么时候、什么地方举行这次聚会), but it matters a lot 3.who will host it(谁将主持它). Do you think so？” said Mary. Hearing 4.what she said(她所说的), Yang Fang said, “Our manager is the right person for it, but the question is 5.that he will be out on business(他将外出出差) next week”．
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·揭阳期末)According to new research, babies are not only capable of creative thinking well before starting to speak, but this sort of thinking may be important for language learning.
In the study, the researchers set out to explore the origins of human creativity and productive thinking to try to find out how people arrive at completely new thoughts and ideas. They found that babies were able to very quickly learn new words that describe small quantities and combine these with familiar words to fully understand a phrase.
Lead researcher, Dr. Barbara Pomiechowska, said: “Human creativity is limitless: it has taken us to the moon and allowed us to cure deadly diseases—but despite its importance, we don't yet know when and how this impressive ability to combine ideas and invent new things appears. This research shows that we must go right back to the beginning of language learning to solve this puzzle.”
In the study, the researchers worked with 60 babies, all around the age of 12 months. They started by teaching the babies two novel words describing quantity: “mize”， to mean “one”， and “padu”， to mean “two”．
Then the babies were asked to combine these new number words with different object names, for example to identify “padu ducks” from some pictures. By teaching novel words to represent quantities, the researchers were able to test the babies' ability to combine concepts in real time, rather than simply recall combinations of words that they already knew from previous experience.
By using eye-tracking technology to monitor where the babies look, the researchers were able to show that the babies could successfully combine the two concepts to understand what they were being asked about.
According to Dr. Barbara, this ability to combine different concepts is likely to help babies not only to understand the language input, but also to learn about different aspects of the physical and social world.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明婴儿在开始学习说话之前就已经具备了创造性思维能力，并且这种思维能力对于语言学习可能非常重要。
1．What puzzle did the researchers want to solve
A．The origin of creative thinking.
B．The ways to cure deadly diseases.
C．The limitations of creative thinking.
D．The importance of language acquisition.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but despite its importance...invent new things appears”可知，研究人员想要解决创造性思维的起源问题。
2．What were the babies asked to do in the study
A．Create novel words.
B．Count numbers in order.
C．Point out the number they knew.
D．Match objects with what they heard.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Then the babies were asked...from some pictures.”可知，婴儿被要求将听到的内容与物体匹配。
3．What did the researchers use in the study
A．Previous data.
B．Advanced technology.
C.Professional concepts.
D．Regular examinations.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“By using eye-tracking technology to monitor where the babies look”可知，研究人员在研究中使用了先进的眼动追踪技术来监测婴儿的视线。
4．For Dr. Barbara, how is the effect of babies' ability to combine different concepts
A．Very bad.
B．Quite impractical.
C．Greatly beneficial.
D．Pretty impressive.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，芭芭拉博士认为婴儿组合不同概念的能力不仅有助于他们理解输入的语言，还有助于他们了解物质世界和社会世界的不同方面，这说明这种能力对婴儿是非常有益的。
B
(2025·淄博期末)On a full-moon night in 1988, a young park keeper named Bruce Barnes paddled a boat into the wetlands of Louisiana's Barataria Preserve. It was 2 a．m. when he pulled out his instrument and played it attentively. First, Barnes recalled, the frogs joined in. Then the turtles approached. Several of them stayed at the boat's edge as he sang for them during the next two hours.
Barnes, now 61, is known today as a musician. He is also a naturalist who spends most of his career working for the National Park Service. His early interest in the natural world led him to major in biology at Henderson State University and to start working at national parks as an undergraduate. He arrived at Barataria in 1987 when he was 23. Barnes surveyed the park's plants and animals and led daytime boat trips. Hours after sunset, he returned to the water by himself.
For Barnes, music and nature don't inhabit separately. Louisiana's rhythms, he says, are as place-specific as its marshes and forests. The wetlands even produce their own music. Barnes has visited Barataria at night with a sound engineer, capturing wildlife sounds to weave into his recordings.
Barnes retired from the National Park Service in 2015. He still plays music full time, and he remains a naturalist, leading walking tours and photographing medicinal plants. Some of those photographs are currently on display in New Orleans.
Plants and music, to Barnes, all have magic power. In his adopted home, they are never far from each other. “When you roll into New Orleans, you can hear some of the world's greatest music，” he says. “And you can get in your car and drive 25 minutes and be in the wetlands, completely surrounded by nature and water, and feel like you're 1，000 miles from civilization.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了前国家公园管理员布鲁斯·巴恩斯如何将自然与音乐融合，展现其独特的生活哲学和艺术追求的故事。
5．How does the author introduce the topic
A．By listing some figures.
B．By giving some examples.
C．By describing a scene.
D．By comparing two situations.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“On a full-moon night...and played it attentively.”可推知，作者通过描述一个场景来引入话题。
6．What does the underlined word “inhabit” mean in paragraph 3
A．Exist.　　　　　　 B．Unite.
C．Form. D．Originate.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后“Louisiana's rhythms...into his recordings.”可知，大自然和音乐不会单独存在，因此画线词与“存在”的意思相近。
7．Which words can best describe Barnes
A．Adventurous and outgoing.
B．Nature-loving and artistic.
C．Determined and independent.
D．Creative and generous.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Barnes, now 61, is known...the National Park Service.”以及第四段中的“Barnes retired from...photographing medicinal plants.”可推知，巴恩斯热爱自然且富有艺术细胞。
8．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．A hidden musical world in Barataria.
B．The secrets of Barataria's wetlands.
C．The role of music in Barataria's wildlife.
D．A park keeper's passion for nature and music.
D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“On a full-moon night...Louisiana's Barataria Preserve.”以及第四段中的“Barnes retired from...photographing medicinal plants.”和最后一段中的“Plants and music...far from each other.”可知，本文主要讲述了公园管理员布鲁斯·巴恩斯对自然和音乐的热爱。
C
At 67, Margaret Bending performed her first professional show. Taking to the stage in February 2020, Bending launched into a dance and theatre piece accompanied by those all aged over 60. “I was terrified but as soon as we got going, I realized that this was what I had been looking for，” she says. “Moving my body and being surrounded by all these wonderful performers, I felt completely liberated.”
Growing up in 1960s Lincolnshire, Bending's first love was space exploration. Determined to make it into space after witnessing Yuri Gagarin's Vostok Ⅰ flight as a seven-year-old in 1961, Bending went on to do a PhD at Leicester University and began working at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on rocket launches. By 1990, she'd had her first child and decided to pause her career to homeschool. Over the next two decades, she homeschooled her other three children until, in 2015, her youngest son departed for university and she found herself with an empty nest at her North Yorkshire home.
“It felt as if I was done with working and parenting so it was now time for a new chapter to begin，” she says. Looking back on her childhood hobbies for inspiration during retirement, Bending landed on one memory. “When I was 14 or 15, I played the part of Anitra in a school production and I loved it，” she says. “I remember the joy of dancing.”
Bending began researching local performance courses and landed on Leeds Playhouse's Heydays programme. Every Wednesday morning, she would attend half-day workshops on everything from reading plays aloud to dancing salsa and improvisation (即兴表演).
Now 71, Bending has since become so fond of stage work that in 2023 she performed her own one-woman show, The Story of a Rocket Scientist, dramatising her career to an audience of 80 people. She has also more recently become a paid member of the Performance Ensemble, facilitating community outreach programmes to encourage older people to try their hand at taking part in performance.
“The whole experience has been exciting, and it's made me so much more confident，” she says. “People stop seeing you as an individual in your 60s but by getting on stage we can show the world that we still have things to say, experiences to share and a future to work towards.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了本德在老年完成了工作和育儿后，开始追求自己的爱好——表演的故事。
9．How did Bending view her first professional show
A．It was far from perfect.
B．It would bring her fame.
C．It would improve her fitness.
D．It gave her a sense of freedom.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was terrified but...I felt completely liberated.”可知，本德认为她的第一场专业演出给了她一种自由的感觉。
10．What inspired Bending to take up performing
A．A teenage encounter.
B．A space flight broadcast.
C．Her homeschooling experience.
D．Her long-held dream.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When I was 14 or 15...the joy of dancing.”可知，青少年时期的一次与表演的邂逅让本德爱上了表演。
11．What do we know about The Story of a Rocket Scientist
A．It had a high box office.
B．It is starred by famous actors.
C．It is about Bending's experience.
D．It has attracted more seniors to the show.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Now 71...to an audience of 80 people.”可知，《火箭科学家的故事》是关于本德自己的经历的。
12．What message does the passage intend to convey
A．Rome was not built in a day.
B．One is never too old to start.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．Actions speak louder than words.
B　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段前两句可知，文章讲述了本德在老年完成了工作和育儿后，开始追求自己的爱好——表演的故事。B项符合语境。
Ⅱ.七选五
There's a widely held belief that self-discipline (自律) means being able to do something when people don't actually want to do it. 1.__________But this view of self-discipline is not right.
Containing one's authenticity (真实性) comes at a cost. 2.__________There was a time when I lived very inauthentically. Instead of following my sincere desire to become a psychologist, I studied engineering. I ignored my authentic self and tried to meet social expectations. I thought I was doing what I should do to succeed and be respected by society. 3.__________And this loss of connection cost me dear, causing me to develop lots of health problems. So what does it really mean to be self-disciplined
4．__________Rather than trying to contain or control their genuine feelings, they try to understand them. Then they learn how to allow their authentic self to develop. And by doing so, they live a life of wholeness and happiness.
But how does someone become such a person in the first place They follow their own interests and deal with the challenges that they personally feel called to accept. 5.__________For them, self-control is never a problem. They move as one harmonious unit—their ideal self works harmoniously with the authentic self to promote their growth.
So here's the secret to self-discipline. Self-discipline is not about forcing yourself to meet social expectations, but about following your own dream and allowing your authentic self to develop.
A．I know this from first-hand experience.
B．I didn't believe this in my previous life.
C．Truly self-disciplined people are followers of themselves.
D．Forcing yourself to do unwanted things is not self-discipline.
E．They go after what they genuinely want, not what society prefers.
F．Gradually, I became out of touch with my true feelings and nature.
G．For them, it means ignoring real selves in favour of ideal selves.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自律的秘诀不是强迫自己去满足社会的期望，而是追随自己的梦想并让真实的自我成长。
1．G　解析：根据上文提到人们广泛认为自律意味着人们能够在不想做某事的时候做某事及下文“But this view of self-discipline is not right.”可知，空处应与错误的自律观点有关。G项承上启下，符合语境，选项中的them指代上文的people。
2．A　解析：根据上文“Containing one's authenticity comes at a cost.”可知，抑制一个人的真实性是要付出代价的。结合下文“There was a time when I．..health problems.”可知，作者用自己的亲身经历证明了这一观点，空处应表明作者曾有这样的经历。A项承上启下，符合语境。
3．F　解析：根据上文“There was a time when I．..be respected by society.”和下文“And this loss of connection...health problems.”可知，空处应说明作者这种自律造成的后果，且与失去某种联系有关。F项承上启下，符合语境。
4．C　解析：根据上文“So what does it really mean to be self-disciplined？”及下文“Rather than trying to...wholeness and happiness.”可知，空处应承上启下，引出自律的人这一主体，C项符合语境。
5．E　解析：根据上文“But how does someone become...called to accept.”及下文“For them...their growth.”可知，空处应承接上文，与成为自己的追随者的具体做法有关。E项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Since last year a fascinating new phenomenon 1.____________(sweep) through major cities across China—the explosive rise of night schools catering to young people. Usually with one class a week, these schools offer short learning courses regarding 2.____________(subject) from traditional handicrafts, beauty, and fitness, to wine tasting and vlog filming, and the list of possibilities for new learning experiences is seemingly 3.____________(limit).
The pacesetter has been the Shanghai Night School, which offers a course including 12 classes 4.____________(lead) by masters in their fields for only 500 yuan. When Shanghai's autumn 2023 semester enrollment began, a striking number of students, approximately 650，000, 5.____________(immediate) got their places on one of the 10，000 courses. Soon the trend 6.____________(follow) by some major cities like Beijing, Xi'an, and Shenzhen, which launched their own distinctive night schools.
These night schools do not just provide standard academic content, 7.______________are tapping (发掘) into the personal passions and unfulfilled dreams of China's urban youth. Yang Song, a student at Shanghai Night School, said, “I have many hobbies and I want to learn all the things that I didn't take time 8.____________(learn) in the past. The night school offers me a sense of passion and allows me to meet more like-minded people who don't care about your personal affairs. 9.______________can you not love that feeling of pure lightness？”
For the urban youth, 10.______________variety of night schools have been an avenue to develop their hobbies, improve themselves, and find joy and meaning in their lives outside of work.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国兴起的一种新现象——夜校。它提供各种各样的课程，有助于年轻人提升自我，在工作之外的生活中找到快乐和意义。
1．has swept/has been sweeping　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，根据Since last year及语境可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
2．subjects　解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词regarding“关于”的宾语，且空后列举的课程不止一个，应用名词复数形式。
3．limitless/unlimited　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用形容词作表语，表示“无限的”。
4．led　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，lead和12 classes之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。
5．immediately　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词形式修饰动词got。
6．was followed　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，且主语the trend和follow之间是动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。
7．but　解析：考查连词。not just...but (also)...为固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”。
8．to learn　解析：考查非谓语动词。take time to do sth.为固定用法，意为“花时间做某事”。
9．How　解析：考查疑问副词。此处是感叹句。空处表示“如何”，且空处位于句首，应用疑问副词How。
10．a　解析：考查冠词。a variety of为固定用法，意为“各种各样的”。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the main idea of the text
A．What I did in the university during the four years.
B．Reflection on my four-year university life.
C．How I got my degree certificate in the university.
D.How I spent my four years in the university.
答案：B
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答案：1.graduation　2.campus　3.assignment
4．projects　5.professor　6.preparation
1．How did the author feel when he was waiting for receiving his degree certificate
A．Happy and anxious.
B．Worried and anxious.
C．Happy and relieved.
D．Excited and delighted.
2．What lesson did the author learn through his first assignment at university
A．A good beginning is half the battle.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Finish your task in time once it is assigned.
D．The early bird catches the worms.
3．What is the CORRECT order used by the author to finish his studies after he finished his first assignment
①write a draft　②create an outline　③edit and polish carefully　④head straight for the library to find the reference books
A．①②③④ 　　　　　 B．④②①③
C．④③②① D．①④②③
4．Where will you probably read such a text
A．A travel brochure.
B．A financial magazine.
C．A college website.
D．A commercial newspaper.
答案：1～4.ACBC
My four years of university life had disappeared in 1.a flash. I stood with my certificate in hand and reflected 2.on those four years.
I remembered arriving at university on my very first day, 3.pausing(pause) at the gate to look down the long drive. Little did I know that I was about 4.to experience(experience) the best four years of my life.
I remembered working on my first assignment 5.that I left to the last minute. When the deadline 6.approached(approach), I had to stay up all night completing it. Unsurprisingly, it wasn't a very good essay. Later, I learnt to deal with my assignment quickly and carefully, and the result was a much 7.better(good) essay than the last.
I remembered cooperating with my classmates on group 8.projects(project). We would meet in the school cafeteria to bounce ideas off each other, and would laugh and argue and laugh some more as we learnt to work together as a team.
I remembered visiting my favourite professor for the first time. 9.Initially(initial)，I found his strictness intimidating, but quickly came to admire him for his vast knowledge and deep understanding of his subject. 10.It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development.
University has changed me. I am ready for a new challenge in my life.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．certificate n.　　　 A．几何(学)；几何形状
2．circus n. B．文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书
3．geometry n. C．胡须，络腮胡子
4．cafeteria n. D．热闹场面；马戏团
5．beard n. E．自助餐厅，自助食堂
答案：1～5.BDAEC
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．in a specific occupation 在一个特定的职业中
2．hold my certificate against my breast
把证书放在我的胸前
3．the curtain had come down on my university life我的大学生活也已经落幕
4．walk in and out of dormitory buildings
在宿舍楼里进进出出
5．a 3，000-word essay 一篇3 000字的文章
6．begin the first paragraph 开始第一段
7．start coughing and sneezing 开始咳嗽和打喷嚏
8．create an outline followed by a draft
拟了一个提纲，然后写了一份草稿
9．after careful editing and polishing 仔细的校订和润色之后
10．in my desk drawer 在我的书桌抽屉里
11．bounce ideas off each other 相互交流想法
12．my favourite professor 我最喜欢的教授
13．the carriage window 火车的窗口
14．stare at the kettle 盯着水壶看
15．with grey hair and deep wrinkles in his forehead
白发苍苍，他的额头上有深深的皱纹
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的→tightly adv.紧紧地；牢牢地→tighten v．使牢固
2．mature adj.明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力→maturity n．成熟
3．reference n．参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考→refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考
4．presentation n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出→present v．颁发；授予；提交；展现
5．librarian n. 图书管理员，图书馆馆长→library n.图书馆
6．extension n．(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸→extend vt.延长→extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．To his surprise, that girl who he was looking for was at his side in a flash(转瞬间).
2．Even though he had lived in the big city for a long time, he found he could fit in(适应) with the life of the countryside more.
3．We should compose ourselves(使我们自己镇定下来) in the face of fear.
4．When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with(充满……) an astonishing variety of wildlife.
5．Suddenly it dawned on(使……开始明白) me that they couldn't possibly have met before.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
Little did I know that(我一点也不知道) I was about to experience the best four years of my life.(Para.2)
2．with复合结构
I remembered visiting my favourite professor, a tall gentleman with his beard and hair going grey(他的胡子和头发都变白了), during his office hours for the first time.(Para.5)
3．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Initially, I found his strictness intimidating(发觉他的严格令人生畏), but quickly came to admire him for his vast knowledge and deep understanding of his subject.(Para.5)
4．“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语动词
It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development(对学生的智力发展确实很感兴趣).(Para.5)
[分析]　此句中还含有that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。
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　compose oneself　使自己镇定下来
【经典例句】
①After hearing the shocking news, she went to her room to compose herself before facing the guests.
听到这个令人震惊的消息后，她回到自己房间，在面对客人之前让自己平静下来。
②(人教必修二 U5)The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre.
虚拟合唱团是获奖作曲家兼指挥家埃里克·惠塔克的创意。
(1)compose vt.& vi. 组成；作曲；撰写
由……组成/构成
(2)composition n. 组成；构成；作曲；作品
composer n. 作曲家；作曲者
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The beautiful symphony composed(compose) by a famous musician is popular with many young people.
(2)Van Gogh's Starry Night is one of the most famous compositions(compose) in art history.
(3)这本书由十个章节组成，每章都涵盖一个不同的主题。
The book is composed of/is comprised of/is made up of/consists of ten chapters, each covering a different topic.
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　reference　n.参考；提到；推荐信
vt.查阅，参考
【经典例句】
①(人教选必四U2)Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
它位于赤道以南，在地球上很多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为“down under”。
②(2025·浙江卷1月)Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing.
这种被称为“矩阵种植法”的园艺模式，旨在让大自然承担花园里更多的繁重工作，甚至完成部分设计工作。
(1)in/with reference to 关于
reference book 参考书
(2)refer v. 提到；谈到
refer to 指的是；提到，说到，
提及；查阅；参考
refer...to... 把……委托/交付/提交给……
refer to...as... 把……称作……
【语境辨义/单句语法填空/词汇升级】
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super，” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon.指的是
(2)Whenever coming across unfamiliar words, he would refer to an English dictionary to understand their meanings and proper usage.查阅
(3)The scientist referred her new discovery to the academic journal for publication, as it was of great significance to the field.把……提交给……
(4)The president demanded that the environment problems referred(refer) to be paid attention to.　
(5)About your application, we regret to inform you that you were not selected.
→In/With reference to your application, we regret to inform you that you were not selected.
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　extension　n.(为非全日制学生开设的)
进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸
【经典例句】 I'm Li Hua.I'm honored to be here to extend a warm welcome to you on behalf of our school.　我是李华。我很荣幸能在这里代表我们学校对你们表示热烈的欢迎。
(1)extend vt.　　　 扩展；使伸长；延长；
提供，给予；表示
extend to... 延长到……
extend by... 延长了……
extend sth. to sb. 向某人提供/给予某物
(2)extended adj. 延长了的；扩展了的；详尽的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2023·浙江卷1月)The extended(extend) purpose of this activity is to help us gain a greater appreciation of the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of ecosystem.[应用文写作之活动介绍]
(2)The school decided to extend the summer holiday by a week, hoping that students could have more time to relax and recharge.
(3)由于需求量大，书店将工作日的营业时间延长到了晚上10点。
Because of the high demand, the bookstore extended its operating hours to 10 pm on weekdays．
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　否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【经典例句】
①(教材P53)Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.
我一点也不知道自己即将经历人生中最美好的四年。
②(外研必修一U2)Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.
pineapple(菠萝)里既无pine(松树)亦无apple(苹果)。这让我不禁思考，英语真是一门学起来疯狂的语言。
never、not、little、seldom、hardly、scarcely、neither、nor、at no time、by no means、in no case、in no way、on no account、on no condition等含有否定意义的副词或介词短语位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，把be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语之前。
【完成句子/句式升级】
(1)我做梦都没想到能听到这么令人兴奋的音乐。
Little did I dream of hearing such exciting music．
(2)我们决不能放弃梦想；只有坚持梦想，我们才能战胜各种挑战。
On no condition can we give up our dreams; only by sticking to our dreams can we get over all kinds of challenges.[读后续写之主旨升华]
(3)We had no sooner reached the top of the mountain than the snow began to come down.
→No sooner had we reached the top of the mountain than the snow began to come down.(倒装句)[读后续写之场景描写]
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　“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语动词
【经典例句】
①(教材P54)It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development.
我很快就意识到，许多大学教授都很愿意分享他们所知道的，而且他们对学生的智力发展确实很感兴趣。
②(北师大必修三U9)Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories.
然而，有些人的确记忆力惊人。
“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调，意为“确实、的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但必须符合以下条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时；
(3)若强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，则应用强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。
【完成句子】
(1)读好书确实能拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的内心世界。
Reading good books does broaden our horizons and enrich our inner world．
(2)这部关于濒危物种的纪录片确实让人们认识到环境保护的紧迫性。
The documentary about endangered species did make people aware of the urgency of environmental protection.
(3)我确实相信每一个小小的善举都能改变某个人的生活。
I do believe that every small act of kindness can make a difference in someone's life.[读后续写之主旨升华]
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The president made a presentation(present) to the businesswoman of the year.
2．She extended thanks to her colleagues for their support during her challenging project.
3．The festival is composed of a series of events, including concerts, art exhibitions, and cultural performances.
4．It is said that the forest will take 100 years to reach maturity(mature).
5．The Grand Canyon, which is often referred to as one of the natural wonders of the world, is a vast landscape carved by the Colorado River over millions of years.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．讲座中提到的那本书对现代经济理论进行了详细分析。
The book referred to in the lecture provides a detailed analysis of modern economic theories.
2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)我们见面时，我对他给予我的信任表示了感谢，付了他车费，还另给了他一笔钱。
When we met, I extended my gratitude for his trust in me, gave him the fare and tipped him another sum of money.
3．我在学校里对计算机表现出极大的兴趣，并编写了几个受到老师赞扬的程序。
I displayed great interest in computers in our school, and composed a few programs which won praise of my teacher．
4．(外研选必三U1)我从没有像现在这样看待过自己的丑陋。
Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.
5．(外研选必二U6)虽然这项为期两年的实验并未取得成功，但它确实让我们更好地明白了人类如何能够在另一个星球上生活。
Although the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.

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