资源简介

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[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．In case where the animals are endangered, almost everyone agrees that this kind of hunting should be banned(ban).
2．The television screens of the next century will be linked up to an emerging(emerge) world telecommunications grid.
3．People tend to be more aggressive when they're young and more conservative (conserve) as they get older.
4．It's so noisy here. Let's go somewhere where we can talk without interruption (interrupt).
5．With confidence, I was firmly convinced that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment(assign).
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．The school issued a ban on mobile phones during class to ensure that students focus on learning.
2．The task assigned to me was too difficult for me to finish before the deadline.
3．Some lanterns are in the shape of fruits and they look beautiful.
4．The professor asked the student to expand on/upon his answer to show a deeper understanding.
5．All employees must submit to the company's safety regulations.
维度三　完成句子
1．我们将听从法庭的裁决。
We'll submit ourselves to the court's judgements.
2．在我们学校，禁止学生玩电脑游戏是一条规定。
It is a rule that the students are banned from playing computer games in our school.
3．由于无事可做，我们感到很无聊。(as引导原因状语从句)
As we had nothing else to do, we felt pretty bored.
4．一些学生更喜欢阅读电子书，而其他人则坚持传统的阅读方式。(while作并列连词，表示对比)
Some students prefer to read electronic books while others insist on the traditional way of reading．
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修二U1】
Lanzhou，9 August 2017.A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves，which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500，000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994.
The Mogao Caves have long been a meeting point for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries. Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people to admire in America.
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working on the project explains，“Appreciating one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.”
1．What is the main purpose of the international project
A．To make money by selling digital images.
B．To attract more tourists to the Mogao Caves.
C．To increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage.
D．To copy the caves and paintings for other countries.
2．Why are the Mogao Caves important according to paragraph 2
A．Because they are very beautiful.
B．Because they are a key stop along the Silk Road.
C．Because they have a lot of treasures.
D．Because they are easy to visit.
3．How many digital photographs have been produced since 1994
A．About 500.
B．Nearly 5，000.
C．Nearly 50，000.
D．Nearly 500，000.
4．What do the researchers hope to achieve by sharing digital photos
A．To make themselves famous.
B．To protect the caves from damage.
C．To promote interest in China's ancient history, culture and traditions and educate people.
D．To stop people from visiting the caves.
答案：1～4.CBDC
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You may be familiar with some of ancient Chinese musical instruments called Erhu or Guzheng, but you may not be familiar with some other ancient Chinese musical instruments, such as the Hujia.These instruments are gradually dying out because of a lack of attention and preservation for them.But now, a young man in Northeast China's Shenyang City is hoping to change that.
Liu Da was born in Shenyang City，Liaoning Province, China and graduated from Ukrainian National Tchaikovsky Academy of Music two years ago, where he majored in piano.But rather than a pianist, Liu is now more like a carpenter for most of the day.And it's all for one thing: to recreate the musical instruments of ancient China.
“In Ukraine, during major festivals，the artists from around the world would dress up in their own traditional clothes and use their own musical instruments to play.I had an opportunity to see a lot of music instruments in these festivals.So I was inspired to present our culture, our music as well, from where I'm from，” Liu said.
Liu Da started to recreate ancient Chinese musical instruments after he graduated from the university.It usually takes him between six to eight months to make one ancient instrument.Liu Da has even learned the Manchu and Mongolian language, so he could consult historic files to make accurate designs.
During the last two years，he has recreated 23 different kinds of musical instruments from ancient China, some dating back over thousands of years.“This musical instrument is called Hujia, a reed pipe (牧笛). It dates back to 3，000 BCE. It's very old and it has a very interesting history，” Liu Da said.
Liu Da's next plan is to form a band with these 23 instruments to get an authentic flavor for ancient music.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了沈阳一位钢琴专业毕业生为改变中国古代乐器逐渐消亡的现状，亲手重造古代乐器的故事。
1．Why are some ancient Chinese musical instruments dying out
A．They have lost their value in the modern society.
B．People in China are not able to play them.
C．People pay no attention to preservation for them.
D．People in China don't know how to recreate them.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These instruments are gradually dying out because of a lack of attention and preservation for them.”可知，中国的一些古代乐器正在消亡是因为人们不注意保护它们。
2．What inspired Liu Da to recreate ancient Chinese musical instruments
A．No artists were invited to play in major festivals in Ukraine.
B．Musicians played their own musical instruments in festivals.
C．Artists from other countries knew little about Chinese culture and music.
D．Chinese modern musical instruments were not popular with artists.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，音乐家们在节日里演奏自己的乐器激发了刘达重新制作中国古代乐器的灵感。
3．What can we learn from the passage
A．Liu Da began making musical instruments when he was in the university.
B．Ancient Chinese musical instruments are easy to recreate for Liu Da.
C．Liu Da has recreated 23 different kinds of musical instruments from the world.
D．Liu Da has made great efforts to recreate ancient Chinese musical instruments.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，刘达在重造中国古代乐器方面付出了巨大的努力。
4．What does Liu Da plan to do in the near future
A．To form a band with instruments he recreated.
B．To recreate more musical instruments.
C．To go for further study in Ukraine.
D．To perform all around the world.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，刘达计划在不久的将来用他重新制作的乐器组建一个乐队。
B
(2025·怀化辰溪一中高二期中)In China, jade (玉) serves as one of the nation's oldest symbols of virtue and nobility. For years, jade carvers have produced beautiful artworks，because of their exquisite skills and complicated techniques passed down from generation to generation. Among China's wide-ranging styles of jade carving, Beijing's is one of the most famous and recognized worldwide for its use of imperial elements.
Jade carving originated in the Yuan Dynasty. In the succeeding dynasty, the Ming, the court gathered skilled jade carvers from all over the nation to create the finest of products for the imperial family, lifting the art to new heights.During the Qing Dynasty，jade became especially popular in Beijing, and the carving skill reached its peak. After the Qing，the craft continued to flourish, with thousands of people pouring their creativity into the jade carving industry.In 2008，Beijing's particular practices were listed as national intangible cultural heritage.
Zhang Tiecheng is a third-generation Beijing jade carving inheritor.In 1983，when the technical school attached to the Beijing Jade Factory began to enroll students, Zhang decided to try his luck.After four years of training, he graduated and started working at the factory. Through pure diligence and perseverance，he gradually became a master of the carving art. The year 2008 was a significant one for Zhang.Chinese jade art was introduced internationally through the “Chinese Seal” Olympic symbol and the jade-carved medals. Zhang participated in the design of both.They combined white jade with gold，a light greenish jade with silver, and a gray shade of jade with bronze to make the medals present that perfect combination of truthfulness and virtue.
Following his Olympic work, Zhang was invited to restore the jade decorations in the Palace Museum. During this assignment, Zhang couldn't help but feel sad as he realized how the once successful jade artistry was slowly disappearing from its once celebrated stage.As an inheritor of Beijing jade carving, Zhang has added modern artistic elements into this traditional skill.He now hopes more young people can take up the craftsmanship so it can continue to flourish for many years to come.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的玉雕技艺的历史以及其传承人的情况。
5．What is special about Beijing jade carving
A．It involves royal elements.
B．It shows the life of people in Beijing.
C．It is the most popular jade carving in the world.
D．It covers all the styles of jade carving in China.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Among China's wide-ranging...use of imperial elements.”可知，北京玉雕的特别之处是它包含了皇室元素。
6．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about jade carving
A．Its role in China.
B．Its value of appreciation.
C．Its carving process.
D．Its history.
D　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要告诉我们玉雕的历史。
7．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Master Zhang hasn't great talent for jade carving.
B．Chinese jade culture has been combined with modern sports events.
C．Zhang's design of Olympic medals won lots of awards.
D．The jade-carved medals were greatly admired by foreign athletes.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Chinese jade art was introduced internationally...Olympic symbol and the jade-carved medals.”可推知，中国的玉文化已与现代体育赛事相结合。
8．What does Zhang Tiecheng worry about
A．The design of art forms.
B．The inheritance of the traditional skill.
C．The benefits of the jade industry.
D．The restoration of jade works.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“During this assignment...from its once celebrated stage.”可知，张铁成担心的是这项传统技艺的传承。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·长沙南雅中学高二月考)Giving road directions in fluent Mandarin, 67-year-old American expat (旅居国外者) Terry Crossman has been helping people in Beijing Xicheng District for almost five years now.
He 1 the Xicheng Dama Club in 2017. The volunteer group is mostly 2 middle-aged women. Joining the group has made Crossman an online celebrity. “I guess my 3 is very suitable, because I'm very warm-hearted, very open and friendly.”
After 4 from the University of Pennsylvania, Crossman first came to Beijing in 1987 for business. He and his family then moved there in 1997. Over the past three decades, he has 5 the modernization and rapid improvement of the living standards in Beijing. “We all have electric heat now instead of coal heat, so it's much 6 than it used to be. People here managed to preserve some of the old Beijing and I am really 7 of the city for doing that.”
Having spent a 8 of his life in Beijing, Crossman considers himself a Beijinger at heart and has made Beijing his permanent 9 . But Crossman's love for China goes 10 beyond natural scenery. He has studied Chinese history, literature, sociology and philosophy. Crossman says he became 11 in Chinese culture as a teenager when he first read the Tao Te Ching by Lao Zi, and Taoist teachings have 12 him until now.
“I mean concepts I like from Taoism or things like Wuwei: I like the whole 13 of going with nature, Shunqiziran: if you trust the universe, the universe will 14 you.”
Taoism has helped Crossman to not only enjoy serving people as a community volunteer, but also to seize today and 15 in the present.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是旅居中国的美国人克罗斯曼在北京的个人经历。
1．A．joined B．extended
C．advocated D．sponsored
A　解析：根据下文中的“Joining the group has made Crossman an online celebrity.”可知，此处指的是克罗斯曼加入(join)大妈俱乐部。
2．A．made of B．targeted at
C．composed of D．opposed to
C　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示俱乐部成员主要由中年女性构成(be composed of)。
3．A．discrimination B．curiosity
C．patience D．personality
D　解析：根据下文中的“because I'm very warm-hearted, very open and friendly”可知，此处指克罗斯曼的性格(personality)适合这个俱乐部。
4．A．learning B．graduating
C．coming D．hearing
B　解析：根据下文中的“Crossman first came to Beijing”以及语境可知，克罗斯曼大学毕业(graduate)后来到北京。
5．A．boosted B．witnessed
C．demonstrated D．transformed
B　解析：根据下文中的“the modernization and rapid improvement of the living standards in Beijing”可知，克罗斯曼见证(witness)了北京的变化。
6．A．cleaner B．milder
C．mistier D．freer
A　解析：根据上文中的“We all have electric heat now instead of coal heat”以及常识可知，因为不使用煤炭供热，所以现在北京比以前更干净(clean)了。
7．A．convinced B．informed
C．tired D．proud
D　解析：根据下文中的“Crossman considers himself a Beijinger at heart and has made Beijing his permanent __________”可知，克罗斯曼把自己当作北京人，由此可推知，他为北京的做法感到自豪(proud)。
8．A．bit B．minority
C．majority D．maximum
C　解析：根据上文中的“He and his family then moved there in 1997. Over the past three decades”可知，克罗斯曼在北京已经待了30多年了，所以此处表示他一生中的大部分(majority)时间都在北京度过。
9．A．neighborhood B．home
C．boundary D．trap
B　解析：根据上文中的“Crossman considers himself a Beijinger at heart”可知，克罗斯曼从心底把自己看作是一名北京人，把北京当成他的家(home)。
10．A．far B．accurately
C．automatically D．eventually
A　解析：根据下文中的“He has studied Chinese history, literature, sociology and philosophy.”可知，克罗斯曼对中国的爱远(far)不止于自然风光。此处表示程度，更加突出克罗斯曼对中国的爱。
11．A．interested B．bathed
C．advanced D．gifted
A　解析：根据上文中的“But Crossman's love for China goes __________ beyond natural scenery.”以及下文中他研究中国的历史和文学等内容可知，克罗斯曼对中国文化感兴趣(interested)。
12．A．grasped B．influenced
C．detected D．absorbed
B　解析：根据下文中的“Taoism has helped Crossman to not only enjoy serving people...in the present.”可知，此处指的是道教的教义深深地影响(influence)着他。
13．A．story B．goal
C．idea D．process
C　解析：根据下文中的“going with nature, Shunqiziran: if you trust the universe, the universe will __________ you”及常识可知，这些都是道教的一些理念或者思想(idea)，且与之前的concepts相呼应。
14．A．motivate B．inspect
C．amuse D．reward
D　解析：此处解释的是顺其自然的理念：按照自然的规律做事，大自然就会回馈(reward)人类。
15．A．exist B．live
C．believe D．wander
B　解析：根据and可知，此处与上文内容一致；结合上文中的“but also to seize today”可知，此处表示要把握现在，活(live)在当下。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·淄博期末)China is one of the first countries in the world to invent the calendar. The 1.__________________(appear) of the calendar has a profound impact on the development of national economy and culture. Also 2._______________(call) Rural Calendar or Former Calendar, Lunar Calendar is the traditional calendar of China. It is an integrated (综合的) lunar-solar calendar as it embraces the movement of the moon as well as 3.________________ of the Sun.
According to Chinese legend, in 2254 B．C．E., the Emperor Yao ordered his astronomers to define the annual cycles of 4._______________(change) seasons. And during the Shang Dynasty a calendar was prepared annually by a board of mathematicians, 5.___________________ are under the direction of an officer of the government. Each new Chinese dynasty published a new official annual calendar. The Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty introduced reforms that 6.________________ (govern) the Chinese calendar ever since. 7.________________ Chinese authority firstly adopted the Western calendar in 1912, Chinese Lunar Calendar, 8.________________ one of the most important carriers of Chinese culture, is still widely used among Chinese people. The dates of most of traditional festivals are based on Chinese Lunar Calendar. According to the 9.________________(agriculture) calendar culture, Chinese people have their unique way of daily lives. They created the 24 solar terms system 10.___________________(remark) the activities in agriculture. From the names of these solar terms, farmers can immediately know what they should do during this period.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国使用的阴历历法，主要包括其起源、历史发展、与农业的紧密关联及意义。
1．appearance　解析：考查名词。空前有冠词The，空处作主语，应用appear的名词形式appearance。
2．called　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，call和Lunar Calendar是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。
3．that　解析：考查代词。空处指代前面提到的the movement，为单数，为避免重复，用代词that指代同类不同物。
4．changing　解析：考查非谓语动词。空处作定语，修饰名词seasons，change和seasons是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式，表示“变化的”。
5．who　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mathematicians，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。
6．have governed　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，从句的先行词是reforms，关系代词在从句中作主语，结合ever since可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，且主语是复数，助动词应用have。
7．Although/Though/While　解析：考查让步状语从句。空后为完整的句子，分析句子结构可知，“中国官方于1912年首次采用西历”和“中国农历至今仍在中国人中广泛使用”之间是让步关系，应用although、though或while引导让步状语从句，且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
8．as　解析：考查介词。根据“one of the most important carriers of Chinese culture”可知，此处介绍中国农历的重要地位，表示“作为中国文化最重要的载体之一”，应用介词as，表示“作为”。
9．agricultural　解析：考查形容词。 空处作定语，修饰名词短语calendar culture，应用agriculture的形容词形式agricultural。
10．to remark　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，应用remark的不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”。Period 3　Writing
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写作一　应用文写作(保护文化和自然遗产的倡议书)
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假定你是李华，在世界文化和自然遗产日(World Cultural and Natural Heritage Day)到来之际，请你用英文写一封保护文化和自然遗产的倡议书。内容包括：
1．倡议的目的；
2．倡议的内容。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
　审题谋篇
　遣词造句
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[第一段]　点明倡议的背景、目的并发出倡议
1．世界文化和自然遗产日即将到来。
The World Cultural and Natural Heritage Day is coming．
2．为了提高人们对文化和自然遗产的保护意识，我建议我们做以下调查。
In order to raise people's awareness of the protection of cultural and natural heritage, I propose that we make the following survey．
[第二段]　阐述倡议的具体内容
3．找出你所在地区有多少文化和自然遗产地。
Find out how many cultural and natural heritage sites there are in your area.
4．了解这些当地文化和自然遗址的重要性。
Learn about the significance of these local cultural and natural heritage sites.
5．了解当地有什么保护措施。
Find out what local safeguards are in place．
[第三段]　表达自己的愿望，再次发出呼吁
6．我希望这一建议能让我们更加了解我们的文化和自然遗产，从而提高我们的保护意识。
I hope that this proposal will make us know more about our cultural and natural heritage, thus raising our awareness of protection．
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7．[读教材原句]　(教材P44)Unfortunately, they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.
[记句式]　and连接并列句
[学仿写]　用and合并句1和句2
The World Cultural and Natural Heritage Day is coming and in order to raise people's awareness of the protection of cultural and natural heritage, I propose that we make the following survey.
8．[读教材原句]　(教材P45)Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
[记句式]　it作形式主语
[学仿写]　用it作形式主语改写句6
It is hoped that this proposal will make us know more about our cultural and natural heritage, thus raising our awareness of protection.
　衔接成篇
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear everyone，
The World Cultural and Natural Heritage Day is coming and in order to raise people's awareness of the protection of cultural and natural heritage, I propose that we make the following survey.
Firstly, find out how many cultural and natural heritage sites there are in your area. Secondly, learn about the significance of these local cultural and natural heritage sites. Lastly, find out what local safeguards are in place.
It is hoped that this proposal will make us know more about our cultural and natural heritage, thus raising our awareness of protection.
Li Hua
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第一段提出倡议的原因 1.Heritage is the precious treasure left by our ancestors, carrying the historical memory, cultural genes and spiritual pursuit of a nation or a region.　遗产是我们祖先留下的宝贵财富，承载着一个民族或地区的历史记忆、文化基因和精神追求。2.However, with the rapid development of modern society, many heritage sites are facing the threat of damage or even disappearance.然而，随着现代社会的快速发展，许多遗产地正面临着受损甚至消失的威胁。3.Cultural and natural heritage is an irreplaceable source of pride and identity for humanity. It is high time for us to take action to protect it.　文化和自然遗产是人类不可替代的自豪感和身份认同的源泉。现在是我们采取行动保护它的时候了。
第二段阐述倡议的具体内容 1.We should raise public awareness of heritage protection.我们应该提高公众的遗产保护意识。2.When it comes to intangible heritage, such as traditional skills, folk arts and festivals, we should encourage inheritance and innovation.对于传统技艺、民间艺术和节日等非物质文化遗产，我们应该鼓励传承和创新。
第三段表达愿望，发出呼吁 1.Whether you are a student, a worker or a retiree, you can contribute your own strength. Let's work together to safeguard our heritage for future generations.无论你是学生、工人还是退休人员，都可以贡献自己的力量。让我们共同努力，为子孙后代守护好我们的遗产。2.Join us in the campaign of heritage protection! Your small actions can make a big difference.加入我们的遗产保护行动吧！你的小小行动可以产生巨大的影响。
写作二　场景微续写(陷入困境后的求生)
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词汇积累 [情感描写]　bitter, miserable, cosy, resolve→resolution，fortunately, commitment→committed [人物描写]　vigour, qualified, enthusiastic；envy →envious, steward, decent, selfish，good/bad-tempered, genuine, persevere→ perseverance, crew, cruel→cruelty, nephew, navigator, loyal→loyalty, candidate, episode[动作描写]　turn sb. down, assign, sink, abandon, voyage, bark, bat, advertise, make fire, give off
佳句积累 [人物描写]　At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour.[情感描写]　1.And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. 2.We felt so alone and desperate.3.When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. [排比]　Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.[主旨升华]　Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.
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[场景呈现]　汤姆去野外探险时陷入了困境。夜幕降临时，他处境艰难。寒冷和孤独感让他痛苦不堪。起初，他的呼救声没有被其他人听到。汤姆没有放弃希望，决心自救。凭借毅力，他成功生起了火，火散发出一些温暖。幸运的是，他发出的信号被注意到，最终他被直升机救走了。这次经历让他明白了永不放弃的重要性。
Tom went on a wild adventure and got into trouble. He 1.was in a bitter situation as night fell(as引导时间状语从句). The cold and the sense of isolation made him feel miserable. At first, his calls for help were not heard by others. 2.He didn't abandon hope and resolved to save himself. With perseverance, he managed to make fire, 3. which gave off some warmth(定语从句). Fortunately, his signal was noticed and he was finally rescued by a helicopter. This experience taught him the importance of never giving up.
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短语必记
1.be trapped in a dilemma　　 入两难境地
2.be at one's wit's end 一筹莫展，无计可施
3.no way out 无路可逃
4.be faced with a tough situation 临艰难的处境
5.be cornered 被逼到绝境
6.starving and freezing 饥寒交迫
7.be overwhelmed by fear 被恐惧压倒
必背金句
1.He was caught in a dilemma, unsure of which decision to make.
他陷入了两难境地，不知道该做哪个决定。
2.The hiker was trapped in the avalanche, unable to move as snow piled up relentlessly.
登山者在雪崩中被困，积雪不断堆积，他动弹不得。
3.The trapped animal fought fiercely, its growls growing weaker with each passing minute.
被困的动物奋力挣扎，随着时间的流逝，它的咆哮声越来越弱。
4.He found himself in a desperate situation, surrounded by obstacles he couldn't seem to overcome and with no clear path out.
他发现自己陷入了绝望的境地，四周看起来满是无法逾越的障碍，也没有一条明确的出路。
5.He was at a loss when he realized that he had lost his way in the forest.
当他意识到自己在森林中迷失了方向时，他感到不知所措。
6.Trapped in a burning building, he had to rely on his instincts to survive.
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困难与勇气
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【高频词汇】
1．celebrity n. 名人
2．history n. 历史
3．herding n. 畜牧
4．border n. 边境
5．inspect v. 视察
6．insufficient adj. 不足的
7．harsh adj. 恶劣的
8．transform v. 转变
9．oasis n. 绿洲
10．envoy n. 使者
11．resilience n. 适应力；抗逆力
12．nomad n. 游牧民
13．endure v. 忍受
14．integrity n. 正直
15．perseverance n. 毅力
16．adversity n. 逆境
【话题佳句】
1．(人教必修三U4)Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
尽管困难重重，但科学家们仍希望能够做出更有价值的发现，从而让人类能够在未来生存得更好。
2．(外研选必四U5)However, we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure, darkness and extreme cold at vast depths.
然而，我们才刚刚开始克服深海压力、黑暗和极端寒冷的挑战。
3．(译林选必一U2)For his amazing achievements and for his determination even in his darkest days, Beethoven is regarded as one of the most remarkable musicians who ever lived.
由于他惊人的成就和即使在他最黑暗的日子里的决心，贝多芬被认为是有史以来最杰出的音乐家之一。
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Su Wu is a famous politician and cultural celebrity in Chinese history, and his stories 1.have been told(tell) and praised until now. Among them, the story of Su Wu herding sheep has become a classic story in traditional Chinese culture. So, what happened
In 104 BCE, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty decided to send a group of officials to the border to inspect 2.and manage in order to strengthen the rule over the northern nomadic (游牧的) peoples. Su Wu was one of them. During his inspection, he 3.was attacked(attack) by the Huns (匈奴人) and forced to flee to today's Inner Mongolia. There, he began a hard life. 4.With insufficient food and water sources, he faced harsh weather and the threat of wild animals.
To survive, Su Wu began to herd sheep. He found a 5.suitable(suit) piece of land where he began his sheep herding career. He continuously searched for new grassland and water sources, 6.trying(try) his best to protect his flock (羊群) from natural disasters. After years of effort, he 7.successfully(successful) transformed this desert land into an oasis.
However, Su Wu's challenge did not end. When he was ready to return home, he was captured and imprisoned by the Huns, under whose rule Su Wu suffered 8.various(variety) indignities and tortures. However, he always maintained his dignity and belief, and did not bow to the enemy. Finally, after experiencing 9. a hard life of 19 years, he was able to return to his motherland.
The story of Su Wu herding sheep tells us that as long as we have firm 10.beliefs(belief) and constant efforts, we can overcome all difficulties and create our own miracles. At the same time, this story also shows the spirit of hard work, perseverance, and indomitability in traditional Chinese culture.
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College Helps Design System for Antarctic Mission
Adapted from South China Morning Post
The Hong Kong College of Technology has collaborated with a counterpart to design key components of an unmanned Antarctic expedition, making it conduct experiments on the mission.
The college said its polar research team had been involved in designing the communication system for Xuexiu 2—or Snow Owl 2—a piece of equipment that withstood performance tests at Kunlun Station in Antarctica during the nation's 40th Antarctic expedition in April.
The results would be compared with data collected from a simulation, further advancing the application of the Internet of Things in extreme conditions, such as those involving liquid nitrogen containers, the college added.
The Internet of Things refers to a network of connected gadgets and the technology that facilitates communication among the devices and a computing cloud.
“I'm happy to see more Hong Kong scientific research teams taking part in major national strategic projects, such as the San Dong，” the city's secretary for innovation, technology and industry, said. “Kong's innovation and technology strength but also shows the responsibility of the local community in helping the country move towards self-reliance in science and technology.”
The system was designed by a team from the college and Tsinghua University Suzhou Automotive Research Institute. The engineering and technology research institute was established by Tsinghua University and the Suzhou government.
Last year, a joint laboratory was launched to focus on software and hardware systems designed for extreme environments, such as aerospace and polar regions. Xuexiu 2 was one of the first results from the laboratory. Next year, another project involving high-altitude hot airballoons will be launched. The project will include a pilot and payload specialist—an astronaut trained to handle complex or classified equipment on high-altitude missions from the college. Details are still being planned for the project, which will conduct experiments in the northwestern region of the China, as well as areas around Mount Qomolangma. “This time, we only sent equipment with the expedition team, I would feel more honoured if the new project could include staff and students from our college，” college principal Chen Zhuoxi said.
The automotive institute also hoped to spur collaborations between Hong Kong and inland colleges and universities，said Sun Lu, its deputy director. “Through increased cooperation in talent and research from both sides, more solutions can be provided for the country's Antarctic scientific studies and engineering applications，” Sun said.
1．collaborate v．合作，协作
2．counterpart n．对应方
3．withstand v．抵挡；经受住
4．simulation n．模拟
5．the Internet of Things 物联网
6．liquid nitrogen 液氮
7．refer to 指的是
8．gadget n．小装置
9．facilitate v．促进，推动
10．computing cloud 计算云
11．automotive adj.汽车的
答案：1.collaborated　2.results　3.praise　4.designer　
5.Future
　　The Hong Kong College of Technology 1.collaborated with a counterpart to design components of an unmanned Antarctic expedition, successfully testing the Xuexiu 2 communication system and 2.advancing the Internet of Things use in extreme conditions. They are planning a 3.high-altitude project around Mount Qomolangma.
1.The Hong Kong College of Technology has collaborated with a counterpart to design key components of an unmanned Antarctic expedition, making it conduct experiments on the mission.
[分析]　句中“of an unmanned Antarctic expedition”为介词短语作后置定语；“making it conduct experiments on the mission”为动词-ing形式作结果状语。
[翻译]　香港专业进修学校与对应方合作共同设计了无人南极考察的关键部件，使其在任务中进行实验。
2.The college said its polar research team had been involved in designing the communication system for Xuexiu 2—or Snow Owl 2—a piece of equipment that withstood performance tests at Kunlun Station in Antarctica during the nation's 40th Antarctic expedition in April.
[分析]　句中“its polar research team...in April”为省略that的宾语从句；that引导定语从句。
[翻译]　该学院表示，其极地研究团队参与了“雪秀2号”通信系统的设计，该设备经受住了4月我国第40次南极考察在南极昆仑站进行的性能测试。
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Buck's Success
Excerpt from The Call of the Wild
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淘金潮时期，米勒法官家的爱犬巴克被贩卖到寒冷的阿拉斯加，它历经了重重磨难，最终回归到大自然。
In vain① Buck tried to sink② his teeth into the neck of the big white dog. Wherever③ his teeth bit④ to find softer meat, Spitz's teeth blocked⑤ him. Tooth clashed⑥ with tooth, and lips were cut and bleeding, but Buck could not break through Spitz's guard⑦. Then he tried a series of⑧ rushes at Spitz, going⑨ for the dog's throat, and each time Spitz slashed (攻击) him and got away. He tried rushing, as if⑩ for the throat, then suddenly pulling back his head, and trying to knock him over with his shoulder. But each time Buck's shoulder was slashed as Spitz jumped away.
Spitz was untouched, while Buck was streaming with blood and panting (喘气) loudly. The fight was growing desperate. And all the time the silent and wolfish circle waited to finish off whichever dog went down.
But Buck possessed a quality that made for greatness—imagination. He fought by instinct, but he could also fight with his head. He rushed as though trying the old shoulder trick ， but at the last moment dived down close to the snow. His teeth closed on Spitz's left front leg. There was a crunch (碎裂声) of breaking bone, and the white dog faced him on three legs. Three times Buck tried to knock him over, then repeated the trick and broke Spitz's right front leg. Despite his pain and helplessness ， Spitz tried to get up. But he saw the silent circle closing in upon him.
There was no hope for him. Buck moved for the final rush. The circle was so close that he could feel the breaths of the huskies on his back. Then Buck jumped; shoulder met shoulder and Spitz went down. The circle became a dot on the moonlit (月光照亮的) snow, and Spitz disappeared from view. Buck stood and looked on ， the successful champion ， the primitive beast who had made his kill and found it good.
“What did I say I was right when I said that Buck was two devils.”
This is what Francois said next morning when he discovered Spitz missing and Buck covered with wounds . He pulled him to the fire and pointed them out.
“That Spitz fought like hell，” said Perrault when he saw the rips and cuts.
“And Buck fought like two hells，” answered Francois.
“And now we'll make good time. No more Spitz, no more trouble.”
The dog-driver harnessed the dogs and Buck trotted (小跑) up to the place Spitz would have occupied as leader. Francois didn't notice him and brought Sol-leks to the desired position. In his judgement ， Sol-leks was the best lead-dog left. Buck jumped on Sol-leks in anger, driving him back and standing in his place.
“Look at Buck，” Francois cried. “He killed Spitz, and now he thinks he can take his job. Go away！”
But Buck refused to move. Francois took Buck by the back of his neck and pulled him to the side and put Sol-leks back. The old dog did not like it and showed he was afraid of Buck, and as soon as Francois turned his back, Buck again pushed Sol-leks out.
Francois was angry. “Now, I'll fix you！” he shouted, coming back with a heavy club in his hand.
Buck remembered the man in the red sweater and moved away, snarling (咆哮) with rage. The driver got on with his work, and called Buck later to put him in his old place in front of Dave. Buck moved back two or three steps. Francois followed him, and again Buck moved backwards. Francois threw down his club, thinking Buck was afraid of being beaten. But Buck was in open revolt. He wanted the leadership. It was his by right. He had earned it.
Perrault came and for an hour they tried to catch Buck. He didn't run away, but always kept just out of reach . Perrault was angry—they should have left an hour ago. Francois scratched his head, and the courier (信使) shrugged his shoulders in a sign that they were beaten. Then Francois went over to Sol-leks, took off his harness, led him back and harnessed him in his old place. Then he called Buck. Buck laughed, as dog laughed, but kept his distance . Francois put Sol-leks back in his old place. And Francois called Buck again but still Buck laughed and didn't come.
“Put down your club，” said Perrault. Francois did, and Buck trotted in, laughing triumphantly (得意洋洋地) and took up the position at the head of the team. His harness was fastened, and they started out on the river trail.
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①in vain徒劳无功
②sink (sank, sunk) [熟词生义] v．使……插入
③此处为wherever引导地点状语从句。
④bite (bit, bitten) v．咬
⑤block v．阻碍
⑥clash v．撞击
⑦break through one's guard突破某人的防守
⑧a series of一系列的
⑨此处为v.-ing作状语。
⑩此处为as if引导方式状语从句。
knock over撞倒
stream v．流出
此处为whichever引导宾语从句。
possess v．拥有
此处为that引导定语从句。
此处为as though引导方式状语从句，从句省略了主语和be动词。
trick n．把戏
dive v．俯冲
close v．合拢
despite prep.尽管
helplessness n．无助
close in包围；逼近
此处为“so...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。
dot n．点
look on旁观
champion n．冠军
primitive adj.原始的
此处为who引导定语从句。
此处为what引导表语从句。
wound n．伤口
occupy v．占领
judgement n．判断
drive v．驱使
此处为as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
fix [熟词生义] v．教训
此处为v.-ing作伴随状语。
club [熟词生义] n．棒子，木棍
out of reach够不着
此处为虚拟语气。
scratch v．挠；抓
shrug one's shoulders 耸肩
sign n．标志；迹象
此处为as引导让步状语从句。
distance n．距离
take up占领Period 2　Grammar and usage
同位语从句
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一、同位语从句的定义
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(1)(教材P44)I have the belief that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one!
我相信你们中的一些人已经听说过联合国教科文组织目录中的遗址，甚至可能参观过一处！
(2)(教材P48)They could not prevent the construction of the dam and they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters.
他们无法阻止大坝的建设，也不知道寺庙能否从上涨的水位中被拯救出来。
(3)I have no idea what I plan to be when I grow up.
我不知道长大以后要成为什么样的人。
(4)I have no idea when he will come back.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
(5)He sent us a message that he won't come next week.
他送信来告诉我们说，下周他不来了。
(6)I've come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that.
我得出的结论是那样做是不明智的。
(7)There is some doubt whether he will come.
他是否会来还不一定。
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1．同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴。同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系，即被解释说明的词＝同位语。后跟同位语从句的名词一般有answer、belief、conclusion、decision、discovery、doubt、explanation、fact、hope、idea、information、knowledge、law、message、news、opinion、order、possibility、problem、promise、proof、proposal、question、report、risk、rumor、story、suggestion、truth、theory、thought、wish、word等。
2．同位语从句的引导词
类别 引导词 说明
从属连词 that、whether 二者在从句中均不作成分；that无实义，whether意为“是否”
连接代词 what、who、whom、whose 有实义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语(who、whom除外)等
连接副词 when、where、why、how 有实义，在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式等状语
二、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
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(1)I made a promise that I would give him a hand in study.
我承诺我会在学习上给他帮助。
(2)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.
妈妈做出了一个令她的所有孩子都高兴的承诺。
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1．性质上
定语从句对其先行词起修饰或限制作用，功能上相当于形容词；同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释，是名词的具体内容，属于名词性从句的范畴。
2．引导词上
引导词that引导定语从句时，作从句的一个成分，有时可用which替换，作宾语时常常省略；而that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成分，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替。what、how、if、whatever等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
*The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到吃惊。(同位语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分)
*The idea that he gave surprises many people.
他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。(定语从句，that在从句中作gave的宾语)
三、同位语从句的注意事项
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(1)He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression that he was boarding the Tokyo plane.
他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
(2)We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.
我们不是在调查他是否值得信任这个问题。
(3)He made clear his desire that he should work hard to go to college.
他已清楚地表明了他要努力学习考上大学这一愿望。
(4)Soon came the order that all the people should obey the rules.
不久后命令下来了，所有的人都要遵守规则。
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1．引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略。
2．whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
3．advice、demand、decision、desire、insistence、instruction、order、proposal、recommendation、request、requirement、suggestion等表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词后，同位语从句须用虚拟语气。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Is there any possibility that you could pick me up at the airport
2．The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.
3．The question whether the gas is harmful to people's health is not clear.
4．To this day, I still have no idea who followed me home but I was terrified and I'd rather not find out.
5．The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.
6．The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
7．The suggestion that the new rule (should) be adopted(adopt) came from the chairman.
8．I have some doubt whether he is suitable for the job.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．我们应该考虑学生的要求：学校图书馆应该多提供一些有关大众科学的书。
We should consider the students' request that the school library (should) provide more books on popular science．
2．我们不明白这个问题——为什么这是最好的选择。
We don't understand the problem why this is the best choice．
3．会议将延期的通知大约在下午两点发布。
The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed．
4．我不知道他们明天什么时候出发。
I have no idea when they will set off tomorrow．
5．她突然想起来在离开家时她可能没把门关上。
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，请你给你校所有学生写一封倡议书，说明保护环境的重要性，提出现在存在的问题并给出合理建议，呼吁同学们行动起来保护环境。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear everyone，
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear everyone，
We all live on the earth which is our home. We have only one earth so we must take good care of it. There are three problems on our earth，which are pollution, disaster and illness.
It's our duty to protect our environment. First, we should save every drop of water, such as turning off the tap after using it. Second, we should save energy, such as turning off the lights when we leave, doing more walking and so on. Third, we should ask our government to control the pollution which is from the factories.
Let's act now to save our environment. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the earth will become much more beautiful.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Living in the shadow of my two elder sisters at college who already had their lives planned out since they were little, I was always undecided about everything.As a teenager, I was fickle (反复无常的).I would like one thing for a week and then hate it the next.But I was constantly searching for the beginning of the rainbow.Changing my dream from a vet to an astronaut, I thought there were various options available to me.However, my parents would shake their heads and repeatedly ask me such questions as, “Why can't you be more like your sisters What are you going to do with your life Aren't you interested in anything at all？” After a couple of shrugs (耸肩), my parents usually stopped talking.I was not sure if they gave up or anticipated my dull reactions.I often responded, “I couldn't answer all of your questions now.”
Actually, my parents just had high expectations that never seemed to be fulfilled.Plus, like other parents, they just wanted to give the best to me and expected me to achieve success.The arguments with my parents seemed childish.One day, my mother made her thoughts clear, “Your grades aren't high enough.No schools are going to want you, dear.We didn't pay so much money for nothing.” Hesitating for a while, I said, “No matter what you say, I believe I will enter a good college.” Still, I let my emotions control myself.
Certainly, I had never planned not to go to college.After another debate with my mom, I decided to make a change.No longer would I sit back and let my parents mistake me as a bad boy.It was time to take action.
I knew it was a crucial year at high school.Releasing my feelings, I began to collect all the knowledge I had learned and review it with all my heart.I didn't argue with my parents any more, but instead turned to my sisters for help and tried my best to study.Finally, I took the National College Entrance Examination with ease and confidence.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
A few days later, I received a call from my school, saying my college acceptance letter had arrived.
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
My parents excitedly said behind me, “Well, open the envelope！”
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A few days later, I received a call from my school, saying my college acceptance letter had arrived.Then I hurried to the school with my parents.It was beyond my wildest dreams till that moment.As a matter of fact, I doubted then whether I was in the dream.I normally dreaded the long walk to the school.But that day was different.There seemed to be something in the air, an electric current, connecting my body to the letter.When I got it, I was really afraid that the envelope was empty.But there was a white package inside.With my heart beating faster, I wondered whether it could really be what was expected.
My parents excitedly said behind me, “Well, open the envelope！” What I grabbed in my hands contained everything I had been waiting for.Slowly, I opened it and a flash of CONGRATULATIONS in bold bright letters caught my eye.A feeling of happiness and relief rushed through my body.I was holding my first offer from a good college.Needless to say, it wouldn't have been possible if it hadn't been for the countless hours of studying and writing.But most importantly, my parents' constant reminders, in fact, were the best form of education for me.“Thank you, Mom and Dad！” I said gratefully.INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
祖父帮助爱踢足球的鲍勃走出困境
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眼睛是心灵的窗户，是人们沟通交流的重要渠道。人物之间通过眼部动作相互交换信息、传达彼此的看法、表达彼此的情感和心理，并借此传递重要的、深刻的意义。在读后续写中，眼部动作包括眼睛和眉毛的动作。
1．高频动词
眼部动作 例　词
不同的“看” look 看(指主动、有意识地看)　see 看(强调看的结果)　watch 观察；聚精会神地看　notice 注意到　observe 观察　witness/see 见证　glimpse/glance 一瞥　gaze/stare 凝视；注视　glare 怒目而视　search 寻找　peek 偷看　peep 窥视　gape 目瞪口呆地凝视　browse 浏览
2.高频语块
眼部动作 语　块 眼部动作 语　块
凝视 gaze at 盯着看 stare at
怒目而视 glare at 瞥一眼 glimpse/glance at
朝……眨眼 blink at 专注看 look at
回头看 look back at 调查 look into
查阅 look up 看不起 look down on/upon
寻找 look/search/hunt for 略读和扫读 skimming and scanning
看到 on seeing/at the sight of/catch sight of 看不到 lose sight of
注视 fix one's eyes on/keep an eye on 瞪了某人一眼 shoot sb. a look
接触某人的目光 meet sb.'s eyes 抬起眼睛 raise/lift one's eyes
直视某人的眼睛 look sb. straight in the eye 眯起眼睛 narrow one's eyes
朝某人看了一眼 cast a look at sb. 翻了翻眼 roll one's eyes
眼里含着泪水 have tears in one's eyes 抑制住泪水 hold/fight back one's tears
快要哭了 be close to tears 被感动到哭 be moved to tears
泪水顺着脸颊淌下来 tears roll/run/ stream down one's cheeks　 使人流泪 bring tears to one's eyes
突然哭起来 burst into tears/ burst out crying 眼泪涌出来 tears well up in one's eyes
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]“Bob, my dear，” a warm voice called out from Bob's mother.
[2]Feeling pain all over his body, Bob slowly opened his eyes and saw his mother sitting in a chair next to his bed. Trying to sit up, he looked around and found himself in a small sick room.
[3]Memories of the past few days came rushing back: a football match, his friends cheering him on, a shining medal, and then the sudden slip (滑倒) on the road and the blaring horn (刺耳的喇叭声). After that, darkness followed.
[4]Bob's mother watched him with a pained expression as he raised a shaking hand to touch the white sheet covering his legs. Bob broke down and cried. When the doctor entered the room, Bob had only one question on his mind, “How will I ever play football again？” Football was Bob's life. He was the star player on his school team, scoring countless winning goals. Every free moment was spent kicking a ball around.
[5]After a few months, Bob left the hospital and returned home, but the journey was far from over. Rehabilitation (康复) began—a slow and painful journey. A year passed, and Bob stepped onto the field for the first time since the accident.
[6]The game began. However, Bob quickly realized that he was no longer the best player on the team. Others were faster, smoother, and more skilled with the ball. It only took one match for everyone to see that Bob was a hindrance (造成阻碍的人) to the team. He ran slowly and often tripped and fell. That night, Bob was very sad and refused any comfort.
[7]The next day, his grandfather insisted on taking him somewhere. They ended up at the same park where Bob had played the game just the day before. There was a group of young children wanting to play football.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Tears filled Bob's eyes as he said, “Why are we here, Grandpa？” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bob found hope—to teach others his best skills and moves. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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【When & Where】
[2]Trying to sit up, he looked around and found himself in a small sick room．
[5]After a few months, Bob left the hospital and returned home.
[5]A year passed, and Bob stepped onto the field for the first time since the accident.
[7]The next day, his grandfather insisted on taking him somewhere.
[7]They ended up at the same park where Bob had played the game just the day before.
【Who】
Bob(former star player on his school team)，his mother, his grandfather, a group of young children
【What & Why】
[3]Memories of the past few days came rushing back: a football match, his friends cheering him on, a shining medal, and then the sudden slip on the road and the blaring horn.
[4]Bob had only one question on his mind, “How will I ever play football again？” Football was Bob's life. He was the star player on his school team, scoring countless winning goals.
[6]However, Bob quickly realized that he was no longer the best player on the team.
[7]The next day, his grandfather insisted on taking him somewhere．
【How】
[2] Feeling pain all over his body, Bob slowly opened his eyes and saw his mother sitting in a chair next to his bed.
[4]Bob's mother watched him with a pained expression as he raised a shaking hand to touch the white sheet covering his legs.
[5]Rehabilitation began—a slow and painful journey.
[6]That night, Bob was very sad and refused any comfort.
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Without his grandfather's guidance, Bob would never have become positive again so quickly.
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根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did Bob's grandfather say
[Answer] Bob's grandfather said Bob could coach the children.
[Question 2] What was Bob's reaction
[Answer] Bob was touched.
[Question 3] What did Bob realize？(和第二段段首句衔接)
[Answer] He had a lot of knowledge and experience to share with the children.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] How did Bob feel
[Answer] He felt hopeful.
[Question 2] What did Bob do
[Answer] He began teaching with great enthusiasm.
[Question 3] What moral would the story express
[Answer] It was his grandfather's guidance that helped Bob become positive again.
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特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
Tears filled Bob's eyes as he said, “Why are we here, Grandpa？”
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Bob found hope—to teach others his best skills and moves.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Tears filled Bob's eyes as he said, “Why are we here, Grandpa？” “Bob, look at those kids！” His grandfather explained that with all his experience, he could coach them and help them become skilled footballers. (微情节一：鲍勃的祖父认为鲍勃可以教那些孩子) With a warm smile, his grandfather continued, “You can still have a wonderful life, even if it's different from what you expected.” Bob took a deep breath and looked back at the children, their laughter and joy in the game striking a chord within him. Bob's heart was full of fire, although he didn't say anything. (微情节二：鲍勃被触动了) He realized that his grandfather was right; he had a wealth of knowledge and experience that could be passed on. (微情节三：鲍勃意识到可以跟孩子们分享自己的知识和经验)
Bob found hope—to teach others his best skills and moves. His heart felt lighter than ever before at that moment. The park, once full of sadness, now held hope and possibility. (微情节一：鲍勃充满希望) Bob was grateful to his grandfather for bringing him there. With a new purpose, he wholeheartedly accepted his role as a coach and threw himself into teaching and sharing his love for football. He knew that through teaching he could make a meaningful impact on the lives of those around him and his football journey would never stop. (微情节二：鲍勃以极大的热情开始教孩子们踢足球) It turned out that without his grandfather's guidance, Bob would never have become positive again so quickly. (微情节三：鲍勃的祖父帮助鲍勃再次积极乐观起来)
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(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend won a marathon race.[Feeling motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened.]① First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super，” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I hated it！Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
...
[I've matured a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own.]②
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[话题]
人与自我——做人与做事——正确的生活态度
[内容概要]
在生活中，他人的成就能激励作者或让作者受挫，作者以亲身经历告诉我们：目标应针对自身来设定。
[注释]
①心理描写
②作者得以改变并获得人生感悟单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节， 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the woman want her meat cooked
A．Rare.
B．Medium-rare.
C．Well done.
2．Which place will the man go to this weekend
A．A concert hall.
B．A stadium.
C．A gallery.
3．What are the speakers talking about
A．Polite greetings.
B．Table manners.
C．Body language.
4．What does the man wish the robot could do
A．Sing.
B．Dance.
C．Play chess.
5．What are the speakers talking about
A．The man's mistake.
B．The man's behavior.
C．The man's job interview.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The preparations for camping.
B．The changeable weather.
C．Their favorite food.
7．What will the man take
A．Hamburgers.
B．Bread.
C．Cards.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What are the two speakers talking about
A．Sophia's working performance.
B．Sophia's new friends from work.
C．Sophia's relationship with the woman.
9．How is the woman feeling now
A．Ashamed.
B．Disappointed.
C．Excited.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What field is the man probably in
A．Finance.
B．Engineering.
C．Medicine
11．How does the woman travel to New York
A．By car.
B．By plane.
C．By train.
12．What does the woman think about New York
A．She dislikes it a little bit.
B．She can't stand it.
C．She feels relaxed there.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How long has the man been working in the zoo
A．For about 25 years.
B．For about 20 years.
C．For about 15 years.
14．How does the man describe his work
A．Hard.
B．Well-paid.
C．Interesting.
15．When does the zoo close in winter
A．At 4：30 p．m.
B．At 5：30 p．m.
C．At 6：30 p．m.
16．What does the man do in the zoo
A．He clears out cages.
B．He feeds the animals.
C．He does the management work.
听10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did the speaker go to the cinema for the first time
A．In 1932.
B．In 1937.
C．In 1945.
18．What did the speaker get from his mother
A．Sweets.
B．Chocolate.
C．Some money.
19．How did the speaker feel in the cinema
A．Amazed.
B．Bored.
C．Frightened.
20．What does the speaker say about the film in those days
A．The sets were real and convincing.
B．The actors' performances were great.
C．The special effects were unbelievable.
答案：1～5.BCBCC　6～10.AACBB
11～15.CABAB　16～20.CBCAB
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：How would you like your meat cooked, Ma'am We can do anything from rare to well done.
W：I'd like it medium-rare with spicy sauce on the side, please.①
(Text 2)
W：I thought you were going to that concert this weekend.Shouldn't you be on your way to the stadium by now
M：That's next weekend.This weekend I will enjoy an art exhibition with my mom in town.②
(Text 3)
W：Bobby, can you stop talking when your mouth is full And can you sit up in your chair, please？③
M：Sorry, I won't do that again.
(Text 4)
W：Look at the robot. It is singing and dancing!
M：That's amazing—if it could play chess, I would definitely buy one.④
W：Sing, dance and play chess—yes, I would too.
(Text 5)
M：I am so anxious.I am afraid that I will do the wrong things.
W：Just take it easy, Harry.I'm sure everything will be fine.
M：I hope so.
W：Remember：when you meet the interviewer, the most important thing is to look at him in the eye, smile and shake hands.⑤
(Text 6)
M：Hi, Silvia.Are you going camping with us？⑥
W：Sure.
M：Great.It should be fun unless the weather gets bad.
W：What do I need to take
M：Well, when I get home, I'll text you the list I've made.You don't need to worry about food though.I've packed enough hamburgers.⑦ That's the easiest thing to make.
W：Fine.In case we run out of hamburgers, I'll take some tins and bread.
M：Good idea.If you want, bring some cards.We could play at night.
(Text 7)
M：You haven't spent much time with Sophia lately.⑧What's up
W：We've not been that close for a while.⑧
M：But you two used to do everything together. I thought you really enjoyed each other's company.
W：We did, but that was before she started her new job, and now all she does is hang out with her new friends from work.
M：It can't be that bad.She was always a really good friend to you.She's probably just excited about her new job.You should give her some time.
W：But I think she shows no interest in our friendship any more.I just have to accept the fact that it's time for us to go our separate ways.⑨
(Text 8)
W：Are you packing for another trip
M：Yeah.On Saturday, I'm flying to Toronto.
W：Is this another engineering conference for work？⑩
M：No.I'm meeting with friends.But I earned so many miles by traveling for work that the ticket was free.
W：That's impressive.You fly a lot.I've only been on a plane a few times.
M：Really Don't you travel with your dad
W：No.He travels a lot because he is a banker, and he has an office in Japan.When he's working in New York, we take the train to visit him.
M：Oh, I thought you drove.
W：No, my mom dislikes driving in the city.Besides, the train is super relaxing.
M：What does your mom do for work
W：She's a nurse.But she gets the weekends off.
M：I see. Does she like New York
W：Actually, neither of us likes it that much. But we love spending time with my dad there.
(Text 9)
W：It's 9 o'clock.It's time for an interview with Mr. Wang, the director of our city zoo.Good evening!
M：Good evening, everyone! It's my honor to be invited here.
W：When did you first start working in the zoo
M：About 20 years ago， five years after my graduation.
W：Wow! Such a long time.Do you like your job
M：Yes，I love it.I'm very happy here, although the work is hard and the pay isn't so good.
W：How often do you work every week
M：Our staff usually work six days a week, but I always come to my office every day though I can leave after twelve on weekends.
W：Then when are your work hours every day
M：I start at 8 a．m. and finish at 6：30 p．m., Monday to Friday, in the spring and summer.In winter the zoo closes an hour earlier because it gets dark earlier.
W：What do you usually do for the animals Do you have to clear out the animals' cages and give them food
M：No, I mainly do the management work to make the zoo go well.
W：I see.Your job does sound really hard, but I think all of us here in the city are grateful for your hard work in keeping our zoo open, so we can all enjoy so many cute animals! Thank you very much for coming in and talking with us today.
(Text 10)
M：You want to know the first time I went to the cinema？ Well, I will talk about it now. It was a Saturday morning in 1937. I was five years old.My father took me to the cinema that very afternoon.
The size of it amazed me, and I loved the atmosphere immediately. In those days there was a girl who showed you to your seat in the dark if you arrived after the film had started and she was there with her boxes of sweets and ice cream in the breaks. My mother had given me some money before we left home， so I queued up and bought myself some chocolate.
But the film itself was the most important thing.When the curtains opened and the lights went down, I couldn't believe my eyes.There were sudden changes of scenes that took my breath away, and action that was shown from many different angles.Obviously audiences are used to all that now.These days film scenes only last a few seconds and are filled with special effects.In those days one scene could last for several minutes.And of course the sets were very basic, if you compare them with today's. But the performances the actors gave were wonderful. I had never experienced anything like it and I loved the cinema from that point on.And now I'm a film director.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Chinese Bridge—Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreigners across the Globe—Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been officially announced. We invite Chinese language enthusiasts across the globe, regardless of your location or skill in painting and calligraphy, to demonstrate your unique views and emotional expressions of the world through art.
What’s the theme
Bridging cultures with calligraphy and painting.
What we are looking for
·Calligraphy
The works for this competition will accept Chinese brush calligraphy in any style.
·Tools: Chinese brushes with soft tips.
·Content: The written content should be positive and energetic and convey positive emotions.
·Word Count: The main content should be a minimum of 10 characters.
·Size Requirements: No limits.
·Painting
The works for this competition have no limitations on the form or style.
·Tools: Watercolors and oil paints.
·Content: The works should express goodness, beauty, and positive energy.
·Word Count: No limits.
·Size Requirements: No limits.
Who can submit
·The competition is open to Chinese language enthusiasts worldwide, with no age limits.
·Submitters must be non-native Chinese speakers.
·Minors must gain parental agreement.
·Submissions must be made using the submitter's real name.
When to submit
From now until 12：00 PM (Beijing Time) on January 31.
How to participate
Participants can submit to chinesebridge@ or via official account of “Chinese Bridge”．
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了面向全球外国人开放的“汉语桥”书画挑战赛。
21．What can we know about the competition
A．It is open to Chinese over 18.
B．It accepts works of all skill levels.
C．There is no word limit for submission.
D．Participants must submit by email.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据What we are looking for？中的Calligraphy 部分中的“The works for this competition will accept Chinese brush calligraphy in any style.”和 Painting 部分中的“The works for this competition have no limitations on the form or style.”可知，这次比赛接受所有水平的作品。
22．Which of the following is qualified for the competition
A．An American loving oil painting.
B．An adult with a pen name.
C．A teenager without parents' permission.
D．A native Chinese calligraphy lover.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Who can submit？部分的内容并结合选项可知，一位热爱油画的美国人是符合条件的参赛者。
23．What is the passage aimed at
A．Making rules for the competition.
B．Setting up a competition organization.
C．Attracting possible participants.
D．Announcing opening of the competition.
C　解析：写作意图题。根据首段“The Chinese Bridge...emotional expressions of the world through art.”可推知，文章的主要目的是宣布比赛的开放，并吸引潜在参与者。
B
Dala horses, the brightly painted wooden horses, with their complex patterns, come from the Dalarna region and date back to the 1600s. Originally carved as toys, they gradually became the symbols of Swedish tradition over time.
That was my first learning about Dala horses from a book on Swedish culture. While I didn't fully understand the deeper meaning at that time, I was immediately drawn to their charm and uniqueness. When I was younger, I remember how excited I was when my parents took me to a craft workshop. I had seen these colorful horses in many places—on postcards, at the zoo and even in shops. But this time, I was going to create one myself.
The process was so much fun! First, we started with a small wooden block. We used carving tools to carefully shape the wood into a horse. It was a bit tricky at first, and my hands were so shaky, but as I kept carving, the shape of the horse slowly started to appear. Once we were done carving, it was time to paint! I felt like an artist as I painted tiny flowers and swirls (旋涡) on its body. My horse was not perfect, but it felt like a masterpiece to me!
I still remember how proud I felt holding the finished horse. Its patterns painted in bright red, blue and yellow, looked like the Dala horses I had seen before. My parents told me that the colors and designs meant something special, and I could tell this little wooden horse had a bigger meaning than just being a decoration.
Years later, I still have that Dala horse in my room. It's a reminder of that wonderful day and my connection to Swedish traditions. The Dala horse is more than a piece of art—it's a symbol of history, culture, and cherished memories.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在手工坊亲手制作达拉木马的经历不仅让作者感受到制作的乐趣，更让作者体会到它所承载的瑞典传统文化。
24．What can we know about the Dala horse
A．It was originally used as a decoration.
B．It came from the Swedish region of Dalarna.
C．It originated from a famous book in Swedish culture.
D．It is a modern invention inspired by traditional wooden toys.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Dala horses...come from the Dalarna region and date back to the 1600s.”可知，达拉木马来自瑞典的达拉纳地区。
25．How did the author feel when he first learned about the Dala horse
A．Indifferent. B．Confused.
C．Fascinated. D．Skeptical.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That was my first learning...I was immediately drawn to their charm and uniqueness.”可知，第一次了解到达拉木马时，作者感到着迷。
26．Why did the author like his Dala horse so much
A．His parents spoke highly of his remarkable carving skills.
B．It served as a reminder of his bond with Swedish traditions.
C．It approached an ideal state of perfection in form and detail.
D．It exhibited a remarkable similarity to the ones on postcards.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Years later...a reminder of that wonderful day and my connection to Swedish traditions.”可推知，作者非常喜欢他的达拉木马，因为它提醒着作者与瑞典传统的联系。
27．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Dala Horses: Carved from Happiness
B．Dala Horses: A Swedish Artistic Wonder
C．Discovering the Beauty of Dala Horses' Patterns　
D．The History and Making of Dala Horses in Sweden
B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Dala horses...date back to the 1600s.”和最后一段内容可知，本文介绍了达拉木马的起源，讲述作者了解并亲手制作达拉木马的经历，最后强调它不仅是一件艺术品，更是瑞典历史文化和珍贵回忆的象征。由此可知，B项适合作文章标题。
C
At Beijing's Palace Museum, it sometimes seems that time stands still, but the clocks keep ticking at a small workshop. This is where clock conservator Qi Haonan works. As the fourth generation to repair and restore antique clocks at the museum since 1949, Qi has returned more than 100 timepieces to their former glory.
“What amazes me most about these clocks is that they combine the scientific advances, technological precision and the trend in decorative art of their particular era. I want to enable more people to marvel (惊叹) at the mechanics，” Qi says, adding that through short-video platforms, where his accounts have attracted more than 3 million followers, he can share with a wider audience just how magnificent the clocks are when they are fully functional.
“These clocks are rare treasures, not only serving as a plaything for emperors, but also witnessing the development of the mechanical weaving machine，” Qi says. He notes that the job requires extreme patience, because clock restoration is a dull and painstaking process, adding that it is proof positive of the proverb “More haste, less speed” and, in this case, haste can do a great deal of damage.
Although the antique clock repairing techniques at the Palace Museum were listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014, it was a little-known skill and in short supply of career candidates before 2016, when three-part TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City, brought the profession into the national consciousness. Before the release of the documentary, for a decade it had just been he and his mentor Wang Jin doing the job. They tried to recruit graduates from college, but nobody applied. Qi didn't expect that the documentary would make that profession a big hit. As a result, in 2017, Qi got two apprentices (学徒) and Wang got three.
“With the rising attention and influence, antique clock restoration can not only be further developed, but also be expanded to more museums that house antique clocks and watches，” Qi says.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章从亓昊楠的视角介绍了古钟表修复工作。
28．What impresses Qi most with the antique clocks
A．The glory of serving emperors.
B．The charm of decorative styles.
C．The combination of multi-field skills.
D．The magnificence of advanced technology.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What amazes me most about these clocks is that...in decorative art of their particular era.”可知，这些古钟表多领域技术的结合让亓昊楠印象深刻。
29．Why is the proverb “More haste, less speed” mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To warn the possible damage.
B．To explain the needed qualities.
C．To popularize the wise proverb.
D．To emphasize the rare treasures.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He notes that the job requires extreme patience...and, in this case, haste can do a great deal of damage.”可推知，提到这句话是为了说明修古钟表需要的品质——耐心、细致。
30．What can we infer about Masters in the Forbidden City
A．It introduces jobs to graduates.
B．It reveals unknown professions.
C．It records the history of documentaries.
D．It attracts tourists to the Palace Museum.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Masters in the Forbidden City, brought the profession into the national consciousness...Qi got two apprentices and Wang got three.”可知，这个电视纪录片揭露了鲜为人知的职业——古钟表修复。
31．What does Qi think of the future of antique clock restoration
A．Promising. B．Unpredictable.
C．Declining. D．Stable.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，亓昊楠认为随着关注度的提升，古钟表修复的未来是光明的。
D
“It felt like magic.” Joshua Vermillion was describing the first time he used artificial intelligence (AI) to make an image.
Vermillion is an architect and designer. He creates artwork of spaces. Before he started using AI to do this, Vermillion would make maybe 10 pieces in a year. Last year, though, he made around 150 works. “I can just simply tell the computer what I want in simple English，” he says. “What a time to be alive！”
Many other artists, though, aren't so ecstatic about AI-generated art. Katria Raden is an independent illustrator and author. People used to hire her regularly to create art for marketing materials or to illustrate children's books. Last year, almost no one reached out about these types of jobs. The rise of AI may help explain this. “At times I think it's a bad dream，” she says. “I feel scared and angry, but also pretty sad.”
Using AI to create an image is quick and easy. There are many popular image generators. They are cheap or even free to use. They also pose threats to some artists' jobs.
But the problems go deeper than that. These images were scraped (勉强获得) from the Internet. Data scraping automatically pulls files from web pages. Often, no one asks permission or checks what these files contain. Thousands of artists' names and works have been found in the data set. Illegal or harmful images and people's personal photos are also among those data.
Raden doesn't like the way AI image generators were trained or how they're being used. “It will have a bad effect，” she says. Many artists agree with her.
Vermillion sees their point. But for him, the rise of AI tools has been mostly positive. At design workshops he runs, he always asks people how they use AI in their works. He recalls one participant saying, “Sometimes I just need a creative partner that doesn't think like I do.” AI, he feels, can play that role.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人工智能在艺术创作中的应用及其对艺术家产生的正面与负面影响。
32．How does AI affect Vermillion
A．He lives a pure and plain life.
B．He is filled with a sense of loss and disappointment.
C．He becomes highly productive.
D．He has a strong desire for writing children's books.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Before he started using AI to do this...he made around 150 works.”可知，使用人工智能后，弗米利恩的作品数量大幅增加，变得非常高效。
33．What does the underlined word “ecstatic” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Regretful. B．Excited.
C．Curious. D．Ashamed.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中弗米利恩对人工智能的欣喜及第三段中的“People used to hire her regularly...no one reached out about these types of jobs.”可知，许多艺术家对人工智能生成的艺术并不那样兴奋。由此可推知，ecstatic意为“兴奋的”。
34．What can we infer about AI from the passage
A．It put personal information of artwork's creators at potential risk.
B．It helps Raden regain a lot of trust from her customers.
C．It can work out artists' personal online preference.
D．It has been widely accepted by the art community.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Thousands of artists' names and works...people's personal photos are also among those data.”可推知，人工智能会使艺术作品创作者的个人信息面临潜在风险。
35．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To recommend a book about AI.
B．To introduce an admirable artist.
C．To share various opinions on AI.
D．To voice his views on modern life.
C　解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章通过对比对人工智能的不同看法，展示了不同人群对于人工智能影响艺术领域的各种观点。因此，本文的目的是分享关于人工智能的各种观点。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Photography has always been very important for me.It opens up doors, gives me an excuse to travel with more purpose, and lets me see behind the scenes. 36.___________________. “Better get back to taking photos.Nice to chat！” What is my advice to beginners I didn't study photography; I'm not formally trained；37.___________________． But that's not what photography is about for me.If you want to be a photographer, be constantly asking yourself the question：“What is the story here？” It doesn't matter if you are shooting a dish at your favorite restaurant or the food waste processing plant that deals with what's left over —38.___________________. What does that mean If I'm photographing a dinner party for Social Supply, it's important to capture not just the plate of food, but to step back and capture the scene around it.If I'm taking photos of a mushroom harvest in Yunnan, I make sure to find an angle that shows not just how much they've harvested, but also a few close-ups of the weathered hands that are carefully sorting.
39．___________________. I've taken hundreds of thousands of photos this year alone.The more you shoot, the better you will be.So, start shooting—anything and everything, but specially your friends' businesses and projects.
Do I have a good camera Yes, but some people still think that the photos I post from my phone were taken on that camera.So don't confuse a good device with being a good photographer. 40.___________________. So start there, and start today.
A．let the story guide you
B．I have virtually no art experience
C．Like anything, photography requires practice
D．Photography becomes an incredible drive to explore
E．Some of my favorite photographers just use their phone
F．It also helps to slip out of awkward small talks at parties
G．I feel deeply connected with whatever is captured through my camera lens
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。作者根据自身经历给出了一些摄影建议。
36．F　解析：根据上文“Photography has always been...behind the scenes.”可知，空处应承接上文，继续说明摄影的好处，并引出下文描述的场景。F项符合语境，选项中的It指的是Photography。
37．B　解析：根据上文“I didn't study photography; I'm not formally trained”和下文“But that's not what photography is about for me.”可知，对作者来说，摄影并不是关于学习、系统训练等内容的。空处句子与前面的两个分句构成排比句，B项指出“我几乎没有艺术经验”，符合语境。
38．A　解析：上文提到如果你想成为一名摄影师，要不断地问自己一个问题“这里的故事是什么？”；紧接着作者对这一建议进行说明，即“你是在拍最喜欢的餐馆的一道菜还是在拍处理剩余食物的食物垃圾处理厂，这并不重要”。空处内容应与故事有关，A项符合语境。
39．C　解析：根据下文“The more you shoot, the better you will be.”可知，本段的建议与练习摄影有关，C项与本段内容吻合，符合语境。
40．E　解析：上文提到作者自己用手机拍的一些照片被认为是用那台好相机拍的，不要将一台好设备和一名好摄影师混淆。空处内容应与摄影设备和摄影师有关。E项与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In a nation destroyed by war, Saber Hosseini, who teaches children in a city, is trying to provide children with access to quality literature. He has changed his 41 into a mobile library which he rides to remote villages.
“I 42 the idea for this project six months ago. I started riding my bike 43 with 200 storybooks. Soon, I recruited (招募) more volunteers, and now we have about 6，000 books，” said Hosseini.
Hosseini revealed that he chose the project for many 44 . Many of the volunteers simply cannot 45 cars and most of the villages are only 46 by bike. There is also a symbolic meaning of his choice. Bicycles are sometimes used in the bomb attacks, so he wants to replace 47 with culture.
They work as a sort of library—every week，they bring kids new books and take back the old ones to 48 them to children in other villages.Hosseini also talks to children about various 49 such as peace and tolerance. Some adults have even taken to 50 Hosseini's more advanced books.At first, Hosseini chose some 51 books, but now many people are able to read more serious books.
Sadly, Hosseini is 52 to work with a limited 53 and he and the volunteers cannot always afford to get the books children request.Sometimes, there are still military conflicts. Despite the difficulties, they want to 54 delivering a bit of joy and 55 to children's lives through books.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫萨伯·侯赛尼的老师在战争爆发的国家将自行车改装成移动图书馆，为孩子们提供阅读机会的故事。
41．A．horse B．car
C．bicycle D．motorcycle
C　解析：根据下文中的“riding my bike __________ with 200 storybooks”可知，侯赛尼把自己的自行车(bicycle)改装成了一个移动图书馆，骑着它去偏远的村庄。
42．A．thought up B．gave away
C．set aside D．relied on
A　解析：根据下文中的“the idea for this project six months ago...with 200 storybooks”可知，侯赛尼六个月前就想出(think up)了创建移动图书馆的想法。
43．A．abroad B．still
C．even D．alone
D　解析：根据下文中的“Soon，I recruited more volunteers”可知，一开始侯赛尼是独自(alone)去送书的，后来他招募了一些志愿者。
44．A．benefits B．pleasures
C．standards D．reasons
D　解析：根据下文中的“Many of the volunteers simply...with culture.”可知，此处指侯赛尼选择这个项目的原因(reason)。
45．A．catch B．maintain
C．afford D．move
C　解析：根据下文中的“he and the volunteers cannot always afford to get the books children request”可知，侯赛尼和志愿者们有时买不起孩子们要的书，更不能买得起(afford)车。
46．A．adaptable B．visible
C．accessible D．identifiable
C　解析：根据上文内容可知，许多志愿者根本买不起汽车，而且大多数村庄只能骑自行车前往(accessible)。
47．A．adventure B．violence
C．defense D．limitation
B　解析：根据上文中的“Bicycles are sometimes used in the bomb attacks”可知，自行车有时用于炸弹袭击，所以他想用文化代替暴力(violence)。
48．A．post B．return
C．donate D．deliver
D　解析：根据上文中的“They work as a sort of library...old ones”及语境可知，他们有点像是一个图书馆，每周给孩子们带去新书，把旧的拿回来再递送(deliver)给其他村庄的孩子。
49．A．topics B．plans
C．games D．ways
A　解析：根据下文中的such as peace and tolerance可知，此处指侯赛尼和孩子们讨论不同的话题(topic)。
50．A．borrowing B．translating
C．introducing D．selling
A　解析：根据上文中的“They work as a sort of library”可知，现在有些成年人甚至已经养成向他们借(borrow)更高深的书的习惯。
51．A．cheap B．simple
C．academic D．new
B　解析：根据下文中的“but now many people are able to read more serious books”可知，侯赛尼一开始选择的是简单的书。simple books与下文中的more serious books相对应。
52．A．inspired B．expected
C．persuaded D．forced
D　解析：根据上文中的In a nation destroyed by war及下文中的“cannot always afford to get the books children request”可知，他被迫(force)在有限的预算(budget)下工作。
53．A．skill B．service
C．time D．budget
D　解析：参见上题解析。
54．A．keep B．practice
C．consider D．delay
A　解析：根据上文中的“Despite the difficulties”可知，尽管困难重重，但他们想继续(keep)传递乐趣。
55．A．honesty B．calm
C．duty D．glory
B　解析：根据上文中的“Sometimes, there are still military conflicts.”可知，在武装冲突仍会时常发生的背景下，给孩子们提供图书，为其带来了乐趣和平静(calm)。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Among China's various forms of silk products, yunjin is 56._________________ has remained attractive for thousands of years.The origin of yunjin can be traced to the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, when General Liu Yu defeated the Later Qin Dynasty and 57.___________________(bring) its craftsmen from Chang'an to the then capital Jiankang(now Nanjing).
The influence of the craft on Nanjing is evident.In China's literary classic Dream of the Red Chamber, 58.___________________(write) by Nanjing-born novelist Cao Xueqin, yunjin garments are 59.___________________(frequent) mentioned.Besides, many places in the city are named 60.___________________ silk manufacturing processes, such as Rongzhuang Street and Jinxiu Workshop.
After the 61.___________________(establish) of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the country continued to place special emphasis on 62.___________________ (preserve) and passing down the weaving technique, founding the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957.
Earlier this century, 63.___________________(display) the brocade (织锦), the institute set up the Nanjing Yunjin Museum, 64.___________________ is the only professional museum of yunjin in China, including its history, weaving technique, culture, and contemporary artworks.
And now, with the support of technology and research conducted by the institute, yunjin craftsmanship and teaching are increasingly efficient and 65.___________________(effect). In 2009, the craftsmanship of Nanjing yunjin was included on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统丝绸工艺云锦的历史和特点，以及国家为了保护这种古老的传统工艺所做的各种努力。
56．what　解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处位于系动词之后，引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语；根据句意可知，空处应意为“什么；……的东西、事情”，应用连接代词what。
57．brought　解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中和defeated并列作谓语；根据句意可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
58．written　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，与主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。
59．frequently　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中修饰动词，应用副词形式。
60．after　解析：考查介词。be named after为固定搭配，意为“以……命名”。
61．establishment　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语，应用名词形式；establishment表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。
62．preserving　解析：考查非谓语动词。空前有介词on，介词后面接动词时应用动词的-ing形式，和passing并列作宾语。
63．to display　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语；根据句意可知，空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。
64．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中充当主语，先行词是“the Nanjing Yunjin Museum”，指物，应用which引导。
65．effective　解析：考查形容词。根据空前的efficient and可知，空处与efficient并列作表语，应用形容词形式。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你校将开展“英文经典阅读(Classic Reading)”活动，请代表英文俱乐部在校报上发布倡议书，倡导大家积极参与。内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容；
3.发出倡议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Aimed at enriching our school life and helping us students to understand different cultures, an English Classic Reading activity will be held in our school.
We'll organize various activities, which involves reading in pairs or groups, reading to music and reading with acting background. What's more, the students will show their excellent talents for appreciating some classic works. The best reader will be awarded an prize and several classic books. In addition, the teachers will share their favorite books and reviews, and we will benefit a lot.
I believe the English Classic Reading activity will help us learn about English literature and increase our interest in English. Therefore, let's take part in this activity!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mom drank in stories with her morning coffee, a warm soup of words mixed with paragraphs, commas (逗号), and periods. They came in various flavors and were all appetizing. Whenever I attempted to read aloud like Mom, however, no words dared to climb out. My world was silent, without a voice to call my own.
That silence invited jeers (嘲笑), tears, and many heartbreaks. I couldn't remember how many times I had switched schools and how many times I had run home crying, signing desperately to Mom, “I'm done with school.” My fingers were the voice I couldn't find and the only way I could cry out. Everything changed, however, when I met Ms. Park.
It was a lovely day. Mom drove me to my new school and I felt calm until the car stopped in front of a large white building. The moment I got off, Ms. Park, my new English teacher, came up. “Nice to meet you，” she signed. How could she know sign language! I signed back while pretending to be distracted by the posters on the walls. “Interested in our writing contest？” she asked. I looked up, noticing the huge black-and-white words on one poster. “Try it! Just hand in a story to me next week，” Ms. Park smiled. The thought of entering fascinated me. It was my chance to speak without actually speaking.
At home, I sat with a blank sheet of paper in front of me. Closing my eyes, I heard Mom's honey-like stories, so tasty that anyone who listened begged for more. She always told me that satisfying stories came from the heart. Then, I had it. What story could be closer to my heart than my own So after a week of intense writing, I let my story flow through my pen and drip onto the paper and handed it to Ms. Park.
Then, one day, when walking through a crowded hall, I saw Ms. Park signing from afar, “You've made the cut (入选)！” Her dancing fingers were too good to be true and I began waiting for the day of the upcoming awards ceremony.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
That day, however, I learnt all winners should read stories on stage.
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A story began streaming from my fingers, along with Ms. Park's voice.
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One possible version：
That day, however, I learnt all winners should read stories on stage. Panic gripped me immediately. How could I, without a voice of my own, read aloud to the audiences My heart raced as I imagined the crowd waiting for words that wouldn't come. Ms. Park noticed my distress and signed reassuringly, “We'll find a way together.” Though fear lingered, her words comforted me somewhat. Together, we rehearsed tirelessly, combining my signs with her clear voice, until the story felt like a joint performance we were ready to deliver.
A story began streaming from my fingers, along with Ms. Park's voice. As her voice rang out, matched perfectly with my signs, I felt a surge of confidence. The audiences' eyes shifted between Ms. Park and me, understanding each word and gesture. For the first time, I felt heard without actually speaking. My silence had found a voice, shared through a partnership that transcended spoken language. When we finished, the applause roared through the hall, and my heart soared, knowing I had finally told my story. I felt the joy of being understood and accepted.INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBX3Unit4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBX3Unit4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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[核心单词]　civilization preserve urgent
ruin violence conflict outcome
assess consultation suspend division
incident cooperation forecast interrupt
conservation motion vote intense
primitive pursue submit emerge
assign wool expansion elsewhere
entry ban
[单元语法]　同位语从句
[重点短语]　belong to, in urgent need of, wear down, break out, on purpose, give rise to, wear and tear, as well as, for the benefit of, take shape, contribute to, in addition to, serve as, in recognition of
[重点句型]　1.if省略句
2．as引导原因状语从句
[写作任务]　保护文化和自然遗产的倡议书
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[Heritage sites]
monument n. 纪念碑
found vt. 成立；建立
remains n. 遗迹；剩余物
castle n. 城堡
mystery n. 神秘
museum n. 博物馆
cultural relics 文化遗产
survive vi. 幸免；幸存；生还
construction n. 建设；建筑物
traditional crafts 传统工艺品
collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集
landscape n. 风景；风景画
treasure n. 珍贵物品
vt. 珍视，珍藏
show sb. around the Great Wall 领着某人参观长城
a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition 中国剪纸艺术展
build such a great architecture 建造如此伟大的建筑物
[Features]
elegant adj. 高雅的
local adj. 当地的
influence n. 影响
origin n. 起源；由来
be listed in 被列入
enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的
convincing adj. 令人信服的
former adj. 以前的；从前的
historic adj. 历史上重要的
public adj. 公共的；公众的
n. 公众
ancient civilization 古代文明
be of vital importance 至关重要
be built in a fancy style 建筑风格奇异
date back to Tang Dynasty 追溯至唐朝
a symbol of Chinese culture 中国文化的象征
one of the wonders of the world 世界上的奇迹之一
话题佳句
1.It is high time for us to treasure and protect culture relics.
是我们珍惜和保护文化遗产的时候了。
2．In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively.
在我看来，必须采取一些措施以有效保护传统文化。
3．I hope you can help the students in our class to learn more about English and Western culture, which can increase understanding and help build good relationships between us.　我希望你能帮助我们班的学生了解更多英语和西方文化，这能增进我们的理解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。
4．In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wide range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有很多的选择，比如旅游，拜访亲戚或朋友。
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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What's the main idea of the text
A．The variety of heritage sites in the world.
B．The dangers that heritage sites face.
C．The development of heritage sites.
D．The history of heritage sites.
答案：B
答案：1.Sudden and powerful　2.tourists
3．Widespread development　4.disastrous　5.Heritage
1.Why does the speaker ask two questions at the beginning of his speech
A．To get the answers of the questions.
B．To attract the attention of the audience.
C．To lead to the topic of the speech.
D．To ask the audience to think of them carefully.
2．What can we learn from paragraph 6
A．It is dangerous to visit the Great Barrier Reef.
B．A large amount of coral is killed by the polluted seawater.
C．The tourists can protect the coastline against waves and floods.
D．The reef's disappearance may lead to many people's unemployment.
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text
A．The Great Barrier Reef is in danger due to high seawater temperatures.
B．The temples of Angkor was shaken by an earthquake.
C．The Historic Centre of Vienna is being destroyed by the flood of tourists.
D．The Great Pyramid of Giza is at risk from human activities.
4．What's the speaker's purpose of giving the speech
A．To inform people of dangers that heritage sites face.
B．To call on people to protect heritage sites.
C．To show people how to protect heritage sites.
D．To show his concern about heritage sites.
答案：1～4.CDAB
1．Every day, thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure.(Para.4)
[分析]　本句是一个由and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，“climbing up the narrow stone steps”是动词-ing形式作定语。
[翻译]　每天，成千上万的游客爬上狭窄的石阶，磨损这些古建筑，长期的后果可能是造成内部结构无法修复的破坏。
2．Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming, a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected, which harms its fragile natural ecology.(Para.6)
[分析]　本句是一个复合句。“Due to...warming”作原因状语，caused by global warming是过去分词短语作定语，which引导非限制性定语从句。
[翻译]　由于全球变暖导致的海水温度升高，大量珊瑚死亡，部分珊瑚礁受到严重影响，破坏了其脆弱的自然生态。
The heritage sites face a variety of 1.dangers(danger) and many of them are in urgent need of protection.
Natural disasters, the sudden and powerful natural forces, can lead to the 2.destruction(destroy) of heritage sites. In 2003, a terrible earthquake 3.shook(shake) south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam, an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site. Another big danger is human activities. Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise 4.to a series of problems. One of the problems is the flood of tourists. Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year, so 5.it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear. Besides, widespread development puts our cultural and natural heritage sites in danger. Due to high seawater temperatures 6.caused(cause) by global warming, a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected, 7.which harms its fragile natural ecology. As well as being home to a wide diversity of ocean species, the reef can boost tourism and fishing in the local area，8.providing(provide) many job opportunities. It also helps protect the coastline against waves and floods. If the reef disappears, many people's lives and 9.possibly(possible) even their homes will suffer greatly.
Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. The 10.more(much) we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect.
1．Is it a good idea to restore historic sites Why
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2．How can you participate in the protection of heritage sites
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答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．incredible adj.　 A．导弹
2．clay n. B．生态，生态学
3．missile n. C．计划，方案；议程表，
议事日程
4．internal adj. D．极好的，极大的；不能
相信的，难以置信的
5．ecology n. E．倒塌，坍塌；昏倒
6．agenda n. F．内部的；国内的
7．collapse vi. G．黏土，陶土
答案：1～5.DGAFB　6～7.CE
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．ruin large parts of the city of Bam 摧毁巴姆古城的大部分地区
2．ancient clay sculptures 古代泥塑
3．some conflict areas 一些冲突地区
4．disastrous outcomes 灾难性的后果
5．without a single nail 没有一颗钉子
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．awe vt.使惊叹，使敬畏 n．敬畏，惊叹→awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的→awful adj.极差的；可怕的；很多的
2．civilization n．文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界→civil adj.国民的；国家的；文明的；民事的→civilize v．改善；使文明→civilian n．平民 adj.平民的
3．preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持→preservation n．保护；保存
4．urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的→urgently adv.迫切地；紧急地；急切地→urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n．强烈的欲望，冲动→urgency n．紧急(的事)；迫切；迫切需要
5．violence n．暴力，暴行；狂热，激情→violent adj.暴力的；强烈的
6．specialist n．专家；专科医生 adj.专业的→special adj.特殊的；专门的→specialize vi.专攻；专门从事；专营
7．assess vt.评估，评定；估算→assessment n．估计，估算；评估，评价，评定
8．consultation n．咨询，商讨；就诊→consultant n．顾问；会诊医师→consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；查阅
9．suspend vt.暂停；悬，挂→suspension n．悬浮；暂停，中止；暂令停职(或停学等)
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The guests are reminded to take everything belonging to(属于) them before leaving the hotel.
2．The football players were almost worn out after the final match and were in urgent need of(急需) rest.
3．Not only does the traffic issue affect our daily life, but it also puts people's lives at risk(处于危险中).
4．The war, which broke out(爆发) a year ago, has claimed thousands of lives.
5．The boy raises his hand very high during the class on purpose(故意) to attract the teacher's attention.
6．Public facilities like parks and libraries often show signs of wear and tear(磨损) due to a lack of funding for timely repairs.
7．It's well-known that China is rich in culture as well as(也；还) natural resources.
8．For the benefit of(为了……的利益) your health, you should get rid of the habit of smoking.
9．We're all ready to put it into operation; in other words, we're going to take action(采取行动) as soon as possible.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．if 省略句
If so(如果是这样), you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.(Para.1)
2．“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”意为“越……，就越……”
The more we acknowledge(我们越是承认) the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely(越有可能) we are to treat them with respect.(Para.7)
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preserve　vt.维护，保护，保存；维持，
维持……的原状　n．保护区
【经典例句】
①(外研选必三U2)This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills; the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.
新一代的手艺人不仅帮助保留传统技艺，他们给工艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修理的艺术能经受住时间的考验。
②The temple was built more than six hundred years ago, and it is well preserved, so it is still in good condition.
这座寺庙建于六百多年前，保存完好，所以它仍然处于良好的状态。
(1)preserve...from/against (doing)... 保护……免受……
be well preserved 保养/保护/保存良好
(2)preservation n. [U]保护，维护；保存
preserver n. 保护者；保护剂
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教选必三U3)With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved(preserve) for generations to come.
(2)The government has launched a series of projects for the preservation(preserve) of wetlands, which play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance.
(3)我们呼吁政府建立更多的自然保护区以保护野生动物免于灭绝。
We appeal to the government to build more nature preserves to preserve wild animals from/against extinction．[应用文写作之野生动物保护]
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ruin　vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭
n．毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁
【经典例句】
①(教材P44)In 2003, a terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam, an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.
2003年，一场可怕的地震袭击了伊朗东南部，破坏了巴姆古城的大部分地区，而该古城是一处令人叹为观止的联合国教科文组织文化遗产地。
②I had created all the characters and places, and I might ruin all of this if I follow the steps.
我塑造了所有的人物和地方，如果我按部就班的话也许会毁掉这一切。
in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
fall into ruin 衰落，败落
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)After the earthquake, the beautiful city was in ruins and thousands of people lost their homes.
(2)She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her company fell into ruin and she finally decided to find a new job.
(3)公路临海一侧的所有房子沦为了废墟。
All the houses on the seaward side of the road were reduced to ruins．
[应用文写作之新闻报道]
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conflict　n.(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，
不一致　vi.(两种思想、信仰、
说法等的)冲突，抵触
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.
在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战斗人员甚至故意破坏遗址。
②To resolve conflicts, we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.
为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。
(1)in conflict with...　　 与……冲突
come into conflict with... 与……发生冲突
(2)conflict with... 与……冲突
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
(2)最后但同样重要的是，如果使用得当，机器人不会与人类发生冲突。
→Last but not least, if it is used wisely, a robot will not come into conflict with human beings．(conflict n．)
→Last but not least, if it is used wisely, a robot will not conflict with human beings．(conflict v．)
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wear and tear　(正常使用造成的)磨损，
损耗
【经典例句】 The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear.
这种地毯设计得十分耐用。
wear down (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平
wear sb. out 使某人筋疲力尽
wear off 磨损；逐渐消失
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)She was really worn out after two sleepless nights.
(2)My shoes have worn down because I have to walk a long distance to school every day.
(3)The effects of the drug naturally wear off within a few hours.
(4)休息是减少我们思想和身体耗损的一个至关重要且必不可少的过程。
Rest is a vital and essential process that decreases wear and tear on the mind and body.
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as well as　不仅……；除……之外
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)As well as being home to a wide diversity of ocean species, the reef can boost tourism and fishing in the local area, providing many job opportunities.　珊瑚礁不仅是多种海洋物种的家园，还可以促进当地的旅游业和渔业发展，提供许多就业机会。
②She enjoys hiking in the mountains as well as swimming in the sea.
她喜欢在山间徒步，也喜欢在海里游泳。
(1)as well as可连接两个平行结构，连接并列主语时谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致；
(2)as well as作连词时，连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词等，通常不位于句首，此时as well as强调的重点在前面；
(3)作介词时，相当于besides、in addition to，意为“除……之外(还有……)”，后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式；
(4)may/might as well do sth.意为“倒不如做某事；不妨做某事”。
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
(1)Mark as well as his parents is(be) fond of classical music.
(2)As well as having(have) difficulty adapting herself to the new school life, she found the culture difference was another challenge for her.
(3)这个项目的最后期限就要到了，所以我们不妨向他人寻求帮助。
The deadline for the project is around the corner, so we may/might as well turn to others for help．
(4)Not only the students but also the teacher likes playing football.
→The teacher as well as the students likes playing football.
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assess　vt.评估，评定；估算
【经典例句】
①(教材P47)For years, a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.
多年来，一个专家小组讨论并评估了修复宝塔的各种方法。
②Before making the investment, we need to assess the potential risks involved.
在投资之前，我们需要评估所涉及的潜在风险。
(1)assess...at... 评价……为……；
对……估价为……
assess...as... 评定……为……
be assessed as... 被评定为……
(2)assessment n. 估计，估算；评估，评价，评定
make an assessment of... 作出……的评估
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)They assess his house at 150，000 yuan, which disappoints him.
(2)Quality of the products could be assessed as good, qualified and bad.
(3)我们可能需要一段时间才能对损失作出准确的评估。
It may take some time before we can make an accurate assessment of the damage．
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consultation　n.咨询，商讨；就诊
【经典例句】 Before making a decision, it's wise to seek a second opinion through consultation.
做决定前，通过咨询听取他人意见是明智的。
(1)consult v. 咨询；请教；商量；查阅
consult a dictionary 查字典
consult sb. 请教某人
consult with sb.(about/on sth.) (就某事)与某人商量
(2)consultant n. 顾问；会诊医师
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)He felt quite honored to become the President's consultant(consult) on economic affairs.
(2)She consulted with her parents about the way to do the matter.
(3)他小时候读书时经常查字典。
He often consulted a dictionary when he read a book as a child.
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if省略句
【经典例句】
①(教材P44)If so, you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
如果是这样，你也许已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正在竭力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。
②(人教选必二U5)Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
如果有必要的话，用剪刀剪掉一些衣服，除非你看到衣服粘在烧伤的皮肤上。
(1)教材原句中“If so”是“If it is so”的省略结构；
(2)if型省略结构的常用表达有：
if so/not 如果是/不是这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有过的话
if any 如果有的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
【完成句子】
(1)即使许多年过去了，我仍然受到那种善举的影响，并且总是在必要时为别人伸出援助之手。
Even many years later, I'm still influenced by that kind act and always give others a helping hand if necessary．
(2)如果是这样的话，请去教学楼二楼的学生会办公室报名。
If so, please go to sign up at the Student Union office, which is on the second floor of the Teaching Building.[应用文写作之通知]
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Whichever and whatever you like, there is a(n) incredible(极好的) theme park that will appeal to you!
2．The couple are recognized as specialists(专家) in their respective field.
3．The earthquake in Tangshan caused great damage, leaving the city in ruins．
4．Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures(雕像), one sees the faces of the past.
5．Due to human destruction and natural weathering, some parts of the Great Wall are damaged or collapsed(倒塌), and are in urgent need of renovation.
6．At minus 130 ℃， a living cell can be preserved(保存) for a thousand years.
7．The changes are sure to conflict with the old traditions, so we must give it a second thought.
8．Teachers are making the final assessments for students' end-of-term grades.
9．The decision was taken after close consultation with local residents.
10．All who participated have gained a positive outcome(结果) from getting involved.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．Some boys are addicted to playing games, giving rise to great harm(造成巨大伤害) to their health.
2．I can't tell you how much the precious painting is worth, but it is roughly assessed at(被粗略评估) 100 million dollars.
3．His new work schedule is in conflict with his family activities(与他的家庭活动有冲突), making it hard for him to balance both.
4．Losing quite a lot of blood, the wounded soldier was in danger(处于危险之中) and the doctors must operate on him at once.
5．Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been in ruins(已经成为废墟).
6．Everybody likes to consult with him(咨询他) about their problems, large or small.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
Cultural relics 1.representing our historic cultures(代表着我们的历史文化；动词-ing形式作定语) offer us an opportunity to learn about our past, so the importance of protecting cultural relics cannot be ignored. 2.If not protected properly(如果保护不当；if省略句), our cultural heritage will be in danger. We should raise public awareness. 3.The more people know about relic protection, the better our heritage will be preserved for future generations(人们对文物保护了解得越多，我们的遗产就越能为子孙后代保存得更好；the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..). Let's cherish our past and safeguard these invaluable treasures.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．China is ready to promote the consultation(consult) process to ensure the birth of the commission within this year.
2．These events led to the suspension(suspend) of talks, which made many people annoyed.
3．I think it may take some time before we can make an assessment(assess) of the damage to the environment.
4．Two cars hit each other violently(violence). The explosive sound frightened all the pupils on the spot.
5．Not being exposed to sunlight is the reason for the good preservation(preserve) of the ancient paintings.
6．It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining(ruin) our holiday.
7．The mail containing urgent(urge) information should be relayed to the manager in charge as soon as possible.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．I'm going to consult with my publisher about my forthcoming book.
2．A large number of churches fell into ruin after the big flood.
3．I don't know whether he broke the window on purpose or by accident.
4．His opinions conflicted with mine, which surprised me very much.
5．Do you want that cake If not, I'll have it.
6．The famous musician, as well as his students, was invited(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
7．The diamond assessed at $200，000 was donated to the country.
8．The engine parts will wear down if not properly cared for.
9．The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater(great) burden you will put on your body at night.
10．They will do their best to preserve the historic buildings from/against being destroyed.
维度三　完成句子
1．经理提出的新政策与公司透明与平等的核心价值观存在冲突。
The new policy proposed by the manager is in conflict with the company's core values of transparency and equality.
2．我建议你休息一下，如果有必要的话，去看医生吧。(if型省略结构)
I suggest you get some rest, and if necessary，go to see a doctor．
3．众所周知，一个人越懒，他第二天要做的事情就越多。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)
As is known to us, the lazier a person is, the more things he needs to do tomorrow.
4．在谈到构建和谐社会时，要敦促每个人都承担起责任。(It is urged that...)
It is urged that everyone (should) take responsibility when it comes to building a harmonious society.
5．这位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了出国的机会。
The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修二U1】
Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal led to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community. Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved. Finally, a document was signed, and the work began in 1960.
The project brought together governments and environmentalists from around the world. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. In 1961, German engineers moved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics. Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project.
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
1．Why did the Egyptian government want to build a new dam across the Nile in the 1950s
A．To protect cultural relics.
B．To control floods, produce electricity, and supply water.
C．To protest against the United Nations.
D．To damage temples.
2．Why did the proposal of building the dam lead to protests
A．Because it would cost too much money.
B．Because it would damage temples and cultural relics.
C．Because it would not be helpful for farmers.
D．Because it was not supported by the United Nations.　
3．What did the committee do to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings
A．They built new temples.
B．They ignored the problem.
C．They asked for contributions and raised funds.
D．They destroyed all the cultural relics.
4．What can we learn from this passage
A．It is impossible to protect cultural relics while making progress.
B．Big challenges can never lead to great solutions.
C．Countries can work together to protect cultural heritage.
D．The project was a failure in the end.
答案：1～4.BBCC
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·常德高二期末)Invented in the Tang Dynasty and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty in Fujian，the watertight-bulkhead (水密舱壁) technology permits the construction of ocean-going ships with watertight compartments (隔层). If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea，water will not flood the other cabins and the ships will remain afloat.
The experience and working methods of watertight-bulkhead technology are transmitted orally from masters to apprentices. However，the need for Chinese junks (中国式帆船) has decreased sharply as wooden ships have been replaced by steel-hulled ships, and today only three masters can claim full command of this technology. Associated building costs have also increased owing to a shortage in raw materials. Therefore，the inheritance (继承) of this heritage is decreasing, and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employment.
Zhang Guohui，a inheritor of the watertight-bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese junks, has been making ships for more than six ing from a poor family in a fishing town in East China's Fujian Province, Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas, which is where he developed a keen interest in constructing boats.As a fast learner，Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province，where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his extremely skilled craftsmanship in the construction of these junks.
In fear that the traditional skills would die someday，Zhang started to restore old ships and make model junks for the museum with his 20 years of shipbuilding skills. “The restored ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asia trade network，” said Zhang, adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. “As long as I'm alive, I'll keep passing on the heritage，” he said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发明于唐代普及于宋代的水密舱壁技术，以及致力于该项技术的推广与传承的张国辉老人。
1．What function is expected of the watertight-bulkhead technology
A．To prevent ships from sinking.
B．To reduce the weight of ships.
C．To allow ships to sail faster.
D．To help ships resist strong winds.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If one or two cabins...the ships will remain afloat.”可知，水密舱壁技术可以让船只在部分受损的情况下，仍可以继续保持漂浮，使船只不下沉。
2．Which of the following is the purpose of paragraph 2
A．To prove the significance of steel-hulled ships.
B．To stress the complex process of building wooden ships.
C．To present people's efforts to pass down cultural heritages.
D．To show difficulties of inheriting watertight-bulkhead technology.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段意在讲述当今时代传承这项技术的困难：需求减少、成本上涨等。
3．What can we learn about Zhang Guohui from paragraph 3
A．He supports his family by fishing.
B．He was born with a talent for shipbuilding.
C．He has devoted himself to constructing boats.
D．He has won many awards for restoring ancient ships.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Zhang Guohui, a inheritor...for more than six decades.”可知，张国辉老人致力于造船事业。
4．What does Zhang Guohui convey in his words
A．Traditional culture should be innovated with the times.
B．The ancient ship trade originated from Quanzhou in China.
C．It is necessary for modern students to learn shipbuilding skills.
D．It is worth passing on traditional skills from generation to generation.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships”可推知，他认为代代传承传统技艺是有意义的，是值得的。
B
(2025·长沙市一中高二期中)In the day, the view of Wuzhen is dominated by white walls and brown wooden doors, but this scene changes in the night when the different lights in the water town create various stunning colors against the black sky.
Of all the shops in Wuzhen, the workshop selling traditional handmade lanterns stands out the most during the night. The man behind these amazing creations is Gu Yeguang, a craftsman who was born into a family of lantern makers in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.
Although Gu has spent nearly his entire life making lanterns, he has never grown tired of the profession, saying that getting to teach the craft to young people is what motivates him these days.
To craft the frame (框架) of the lantern, Gu has to chop bamboo carefully into long and thin sticks before using a candle to scorch (烤焦) the areas that need to be manipulated. After bending the sticks, Gu binds the ends together and wraps the completed frame with paper. All these have to be done with great skills and rich experience.
The lantern workshop is without doubt one of the most popular attractions in Wuzhen. According to Gu, the workshop would receive more than 100 people during its opening hours from 9 am to 5 pm during the peak summer season. To craft a simple round lantern costs 30 yuan. The more unique ones cost 50 yuan each.
After a large group of people departs the workshop following their short class on lantern making, Gu returns to his seat and continues to work on an intricate dragon-shaped creation. But before he could even pick up his tools, a small girl and her mother enter the space.
“Mummy, Mummy, I want a lantern！” the girl exclaims excitedly. Gu raises his head and gets back on his feet. “Sure, let's get started then，” he says. “Let us begin with this bamboo stick.”And with those few words he lights up the workshop, not with his lanterns but the child's sweet smile.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了乌镇一家传统手工灯笼作坊和其背后的工艺师傅顾业广，传递了他对传统工艺和文化的尊重与热爱，同时也表明了他对传统技艺得以传承的乐观态度。
5．Why is Gu still committed to making lanterns
A．He masters better skills than others.
B．He regards making lanterns as a family business.
C．He has to earn enough money to support his family.
D．He wants to pass down the craft to the young generation.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，顾业广致力于做灯笼是因为他想把手艺传给年轻一代。
6．Which can be used to describe the process of making lanterns according to paragraph 4
A．Complex. B．Romantic.
C．Interesting. D．Significant.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“All these have to be done with great skills and rich experience.”可知，手工制作灯笼的程序复杂、难度高。
7．What does the author most probably want to imply in the last paragraph
A．The educational methods of Gu Yeguang.
B．The busy but peaceful life of Gu Yeguang.
C．The promising future of handmade lanterns.
D．The commercial value of handmade lanterns.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he lights up the workshop”和the child's sweet smile可推知，此处“照亮了工作室”和“甜美的微笑”寓意手工灯笼的美好前景。
8．What is the best title of the passage
A．Gu Yeguang: Making Lanterns All His Life
B．Gu Yeguang: Passing down His Craft to the Young
C．Gu Yeguang: Lighting up People's Lives with Lanterns
D．Gu Yeguang: Studying Traditional Chinese Culture　
C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了乌镇传统手工灯笼和工艺师傅顾业广，表明了他对传统工艺和文化的尊重与热爱和对传统技艺得以传承的乐观态度。手工灯笼带给人们快乐，照亮人们的生活。因此，C项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
Craftsmanship requires a great deal of time，patience and effort. 1.___________________ Traditionally craftsmen develop their skills through apprenticeship to those masters of the craft who came before them. Although we don't often work that way in this day and age，there are few things that we can do to emulate the process.
Practice everyday, design something new，walk through a tutorial work on a personal project. Whatever it takes to getting you working with the tools of your trade each day，the more you do something, the better (and faster) you become at doing it. 2.___________________
Learn to accept criticism and react appropriately. People have a hard time taking criticism of their work. You put so much effort into a piece. It can be difficult to hear that what you have done is not good enough. 3.___________________ Criticism isn't personal; you and your critics have the same goal—a quality product.
4．___________________ As I mentioned earlier，this is where all of the difference is made. A true artisan is careful about the details. Take the time to add polish and style to the small things. That can easily go overlooked. Attentiveness to these details raises the quality of our work.
Design for the future. Items that exhibit the quality of craftsmanship are timeless. They are built well, and built to last. 5.___________________ There are always new features in the software we use. People develop new tools that give us more possibilities. But despite the ever-changing face of this industry, it is possible to do work that has longevity.
A．Pay attention to the details.
B．Participate in quality discussion.
C．Trends and costumes change rapidly.
D．However, nothing will help you improve so much as a critic.
E．Building quality reputations is the key to building craftsmanship.
F.Practice is the most important part of developing the quality of craftsmanship.
G．So becoming a real artisan requires your continuous development of your craft.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做哪些事情可以帮助工匠提高技能。
1．G　解析：上文提到工艺需要大量的时间、耐心和努力，G项与上文为因果关系，也引出下文传统地提高技能的方式，符合语境。
2．F　解析：上文建议每天都要练习，你做得越多，你就会做得越好。F项总结说明实践的重要作用，符合语境。
3．D　解析：根据上下文语境可知，空处与上文为转折关系且引出下文。D项中的critic与上文相呼应，符合语境。
4．A　解析：根据本段内容可知，本段讲述了注重细节。A项概括本段主旨，适合作为本段的主旨句。
5．C　解析：下文讲述我们使用的软件和工具总是有新的可能性，所以空处也是在描述变化。C项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Wang Dewen, known as “Grandpa Amu” online, is an old man in his sixties. He has skills beyond the 1 of ordinary people and creates woodwork with nothing other than a single piece of wood. He has brilliant traditional carpentry (木工) skills, 2 first-time viewers online with his woodwork.
The Chinese carpenter has been compared to Lu Ban in modern times. His most 3 video—making a wooden arch bridge—has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, 4 more than 42 million views! Grandpa Amu 5 ancient Chinese mortise and tenon structures (榫卯结构) in his work, a technique 6 used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture. The entire 7 of building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue. A man 8 under the video, “A block of wood is 9 into a great work of art. You're not a carpenter; you're an artist.”
He has become a real hit on overseas social platforms—so far attracting millions of fans overseas. 10 ， Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity but just an 11 farmer. He has used his extraordinary skills mostly to 12 his young grandson, making all kinds of toys. He is also trying to 13 unique Chinese techniques to the world. “We 14 the idea of making the videos because we are anxious to bring our priceless culture to others and make these ancient Chinese techniques come to people's 15 ，” said Grandpa Amu's daughter-in-law.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了阿木爷爷由于在网上展现了榫卯技术而走红海外，被誉为“当代鲁班”，他也让中国传统木工技术为更多人所知。
1．A．memory B．boundary
C．reach D．acknowledgement
C　解析：根据下文中的“He has brilliant traditional carpentry skills”可知，阿木爷爷的木工技术十分精湛，此处表示他的技术常人难以企及(reach)。
2．A．moving B．astonishing
C．satisfying D．inspiring
B　解析：根据下文中的“involves no nails or glue”可知，阿木爷爷无需钉子、胶水就能制作木制品，由此可推知，他的视频会让第一次看到的人感到震惊(astonish)。
3．A．precious B．complex
C．special D．popular
D　解析：根据下文中的“has spread quickly on overseas social platforms, __________ more than 42 million views”可知，此处表示阿木爷爷制作木拱桥的视频很快传到了海外社交平台，获得(gain)了四千二百多万的观看量，是他最受欢迎的(popular)视频。
4．A．accepting B．gaining
C．providing D．witnessing
B　解析：参见上题解析。
5．A．develops B．spreads
C．employs D．improves
C　解析：根据下文中的“a technique __________ used in traditional Chinese architecture and furniture”可知，此处是对上文的进一步说明，所以空处表示阿木爷爷在他的作品中使用(employ)了中国古代的榫卯技术。
6．A．hardly B．typically
C．really D．recently
B　解析：根据上文中的“Grandpa Amu __________ ancient Chinese mortise and tenon structures in his work”可知，在阿木爷爷的作品中使用的就是中国古代的榫卯结构，根据常识可知，这也是中国古代建筑中典型地(typically)技术。
7．A．process B．progress
C．project D．pace
A　解析：根据下文中的“building the arch bridge involves no nails or glue”可知，在制作的全过程(process)中都不使用钉子和胶水。
8．A．reflected B．commented
C．explained D．recommended
B　解析：根据下文中的“A block of wood is __________ into a great work of art. You're not a carpenter; you're an artist.”可知，这是一名男子所说的内容，所以应该是在视频下方的评论(comment)。
9．A．broken B．piled
C．transformed D．mixed
C　解析：根据上下文语境可知，从一块木头到一件伟大的艺术品是一种转变(transform)。
10．A．Therefore B．Besides
C．Instead D．However
D　解析：根据语境可知，虽然阿木爷爷在社交平台上红极一时，但他依然坚称自己并不是网红，而(however)只是一个普通的(ordinary)农民。
11．A．outstanding B．ordinary
C．ambitious D．actual
B　解析：参见上题解析。
12．A．entertain B．educate
C．impress D．encourage
A　解析：根据下文中的“his young grandson，making all kinds of toys”可知，阿木爷爷运用精湛的技术做各种各样的玩具以逗小孙子开心(entertain)。
13．A．apply B．deliver
C．adjust D．introduce
D　解析：根据下文中的“unique Chinese techniques to the world”可知，阿木爷爷想把独特的中国技艺介绍(introduce)给全世界。
14．A．lived up to B．looked forward to
C．came up with D．made up for
C　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示阿木爷爷最初想出(come up with)制作视频时，是想将中国宝贵的文化介绍给全世界，并使这些古老的中国技艺被人所知晓(come to one's knowledge)。
15．A．vision B．mind
C．conception D．knowledge
D　解析：参见上题解析。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　单句语法填空
1．The users of smart watches have brought up some doubt whether their privacy will be violated.
2．The fact has worried many scientists that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
3．While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
4．He asked a question when we should have the party, tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.
5．I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
6．You have no idea how worried I was!
7．The question who was to blame has never been settled.
8．There is no doubt that he is fit for this job.
9．We all have no idea who would take the place of our former boss.
10．There was a suggestion that Brown (should) be dropped(drop) from the team.
11．Tomorrow is Tom's birthday. Have you got any idea where/how/whether the party is to be held
12．The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
13．The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.
维度二　判断下列句中黑体部分是同位语从句还是定语从句
1．The news that she told me yesterday was not true.定语从句
2．The fact that he presented was a strong proof.定语从句
3．The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 同位语从句
4．Next comes the question what you want it for.同位语从句
5．(2023·全国甲卷)So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate.同位语从句
维度三　语法与写作
1．我们是否该继续做实验的问题还没有得到解决。
The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.
2．我不知道这次会议何时举行。
I have no idea when the meeting will be held．
3．回答我的问题：你会不会来。
Answer my question whether you are coming．
4．那笔钱不见了这个事实并不意味着钱是被偷了。
The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.
5．谁该为那项工作负责的问题需要认真考虑。
The question who should be responsible for the work requires careful consideration.
6．毫无疑问，人们未来的饮食会有巨大的变化。
There is no doubt that there will be great changes in people's diets in the future.
7．老师建议我们在阅读课文之前先浏览一下那几个问题。
The teacher gave us a suggestion that we (should) skim over the few questions before we began to read the text.
8．他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
They expressed the wish that she (should) accept the award．
维度四　语篇练习
The news 1.that Tom failed in the exam made his parents upset. However, they held the belief 2.that he can achieve success sooner or later, because they know the fact 3.that failure is the mother of success. When they asked Tom a question 4.whether he had the confidence, Tom said yes.
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Carved into the cliffs above the Dachuan River, the Mogao Caves, south-east of the Dunhuang oasis, Gansu Province, contain the largest, richest, and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art in the world.It was first constructed in 366 CE and represents the great achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th century.Hundreds of caves are presently preserved, housing about 45，000 square meters of murals (壁画) and thousands of painted sculptures.Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty contains one of the oldest and most vivid scenes of cultural exchanges along the Silk Road, showing a camel pulling a cart typical of trade missions of that period.
As evidence of the evolution of Buddhist art in the northwest region of China, the Mogao Caves are of unmatched historical value.These works provide an abundance of vivid materials depicting various aspects of medieval (中世纪的) politics, economics, culture, arts, religion, ethnic relations, and daily dress in western China.Many of these masterpieces are the creations of an unparalleled aesthetic talent.
The discovery of the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in 1990, together with the tens of thousands of manuscripts and relics it contained, has been acclaimed as the world's greatest discovery of ancient oriental (东方的) culture.This significant heritage provides invaluable reference for studying the complex history of ancient China and Central Asia.
The Mogao Caves were included on the World Heritage List in 1987.At the state level, China has put all World Heritage Sites under top-level protection.In 1961, the Mogao Caves were listed as one of the State Priority Protected Sites by the State Council and were put under the protection of national laws, including the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics.The Administrative Institution of the Mogao Caves has been cooperating with international counterparts (同行) to study conservation and site management and looks forward to continuing its work in preserving the heritage of the site.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了敦煌莫高窟作为世界文化遗产之一，以精美的壁画和彩塑闻名于世，对研究中国和中亚的历史具有重要的价值。
1．What can we infer from Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty
A．It is important for the study of ancient craftsmanship.
B．It's important for the research of the history of Central Asia.
C．It shows the evolution of Buddhist art in ancient China.
D．It has great value for the study of the history of the Silk Road.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty...of that period.”可推知，隋朝的莫高窟第302窟对研究丝绸之路的历史很有价值。
2．What does the underlined word “depicting” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Describing. B．Observing.
C．Intending. D．Processing.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“These works provide an abundance...daily dress in western China.”可知，这些作品描绘了中国西部中世纪的各个方面，由此可推知，画线词意为“描绘”，与A项意思相近。
3．What's the author's feeling about the discovery of the Library Cave
A．Proud. B．Amazed.
C．Doubtful. D．Bored.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，作者对藏经洞的发现感到非常骄傲。
4．What's the author's purpose of writing the last paragraph
A．To introduce the laws that protect the Mogao Caves.
B．To give advice on how to protect the Mogao Caves.
C．To tell us that the Mogao Caves are well protected.
D．To explain the measures taken to protect the Mogao Caves.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是说明莫高窟得到了政府非常好的保护。
B
“To repair ancient books, we have a lot to do，” says Song Jing, who has been working in the restoration division for ancient books at the National Library of China in Beijing for many years. Before starting a restoration project, Song and her colleagues have to evaluate the subject to consider what problems can be solved through restoration and those that cannot. Fearing the chemicals in commercially produced pastes (糨糊) might harm the books, they have to make the glues they need by themselves, starting from removing starch (淀粉) from flour.
“The restoration also requires high levels of control in brushing the paper. If the pressure is not properly controlled during the brushing process, the paper may tear, but if the touch is too light, the paper won't stick，” Song explains.
Song was determined to join the field from an early age. As a child, she was attracted by documentaries about the world's cultural relics (遗迹) and became deeply interested in the art of artifact restoration.
In senior middle school, she set her sights on becoming a master restorer of ancient books. There were not many schools offering cultural-relic restoration courses back then, and her dream destination, Peking University, only offered openings every other year.
As Song looked into the undergraduate curriculum (本科生课程) arrangement for that particular field of study, she found it was mostly related to chemistry. Therefore, she chose to start a chemistry degree at Fudan University in Shanghai in 2008. In her spare time, she continued to read up on cultural relics and study how museums operate. “I got to learn how certain aspects of chemistry are going a long way towards restoring cultural relics，” she says.
After graduating from Fudan University, she was accepted as a master's candidate for the cultural heritage preservation program at Peking University. From then on, she has been on a mission to make her dream a reality.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述宋晶的古籍修复工作和其努力成为古籍修复师的故事。
5．What may ruin a restoration work in paragraph 1
A．Brushing the paper. B．Man-made glues.
C．Removing starch. D．Incorrect evaluation.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Before starting a restoration project...through restoration and those that cannot.”可知，评估不当可能会破坏修复工作。
6．Which of the following best describes Song's job
A．Demanding and boring.
B．Complex and challenging.
C．Complicated and dangerous.
D．Entertaining and profitable.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Fearing the chemicals in commercially produced...starch from flour”和第二段内容可知，古籍修复工作复杂且具有挑战性。
7．Why did Song study chemistry at Fudan University in 2008
A．Only Fudan University offered her favorite courses.
B．She didn't meet the requirements of Peking University.
C．She wanted to be better prepared for her dream occupation.
D．Her interest had shifted from book restoration to chemistry.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，宋晶去上海复旦大学攻读化学学位是因为她发现古籍修复领域的本科生课程安排主要与化学有关，所以她去学化学是为自己梦想中的职业做更好的准备。
8．What can we learn from Song's story
A．History mirrors future.
B．Courage is the key to achievements.
C．Education breaks down barriers.
D．Commitment and hard work pay off.
D　解析：推理判断题。本文主要介绍了宋晶通过自己的努力成为一名古籍修复师的故事，这告诉我们，奉献和努力终有回报。
C
Inside a tiny shop in Manchester, Adam Birce carefully carves at a woodblock.He looks carefully at each piece to ensure they fit and match before gently setting them together.Adam Birce, the owner of Four Strings, restores stringed instruments like violins, and his passion is restoring and appreciating what has already been crafted and loved.
Birce started playing the violin in grade school and grew to truly appreciate it.He played semiprofessionally out of high school and later got his degree in music at Virginia Commonwealth University as a violinist.After graduating, he landed a job selling violins.“As fate would have it，I was asked by my employer to learn to fix violins 15 years ago，” he says.“I soon moved off on my own to do restoration.” Since 2014, he has been on a mission with Four Strings to offer excellent fine-instrument restoration services to the community.
Violin restoration isn't a self-taught skill.Each summer for the past decade, Birce has traveled to the Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts for up to two weeks to study under famous violin restoration expert Hans J．Nebel.Here，students learn everything from delicate edging repair to violin identification.“A lot of the work itself is learning as you go，” Birce says.“It's a lot of problem-solving and critical thinking, like coming up with a woodworking plan.”
“How long a job takes varies.Most are about 3-6 months for major work, unless a full top-to-bottom restoration is needed, which can take even longer，” Birce explains.“I leave that up to the client if they want to commit to that.” One of his longest jobs was working on a Scottish violin from the early 1800s that had been water-damaged.“I had to use every skill in my toolbox to fix it，” Birce laughingly recalls.“It was a very onerous job.”
If there's one thing to be learned from Birce's passion, it's that each violin is unique in its own right.He compares the fine instruments market to the fine arts market.“A lot of these instruments are fine art，” he says.“I kind of say this is a Picasso I'm playing or a Degas.I've worked on a few, which is always a joy.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了亚当·伯斯学习修复小提琴的过程以及他对自己工作的感受。
9．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The special features of Four Strings.
B．The procedures of violin restoration.
C．Birce's life experience with the violin.
D．Birce's influence on the music industry.
C　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，该段主要讲了伯斯与小提琴相关的人生经历。
10．What does the author think of violin restoration
A．It's effortless.
B．It's self-taught.
C．It's extremely dull.
D．It's highly professional.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Violin restoration isn't a self-taught...violin identification.”可知，作者认为小提琴修复是非常专业的。
11．What does the underlined word “onerous” probably mean in paragraph 4
A．Creative. B．Well-paid.
C．Dangerous. D．Demanding.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文One of his longest jobs以及“I had to use every skill in my toolbox to fix it”可知，修复所需要的时间和技能都很多，所以这是一项要求高的工作，由此可推知，画线词意为“要求高的”。
12．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Birce prefers art to music.
B．Birce has a deep love for his job.
C．Birce wants to be as famous as Picasso.
D．Birce has become a master of violin restoration.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I've worked on a few, which is always a joy.”可推知，伯斯非常热爱他的工作。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·淄博期末)If you have ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, chances are that these same people have kept secrets from you. Not all of them, and not at every moment, but some of them some of the time.
Usually, you rarely get asked about your secrets. When secrets are easy to hide, this doesn't make them easy to live with. Normally, you share with others what you're really thinking. But when you have fears and worries, you need to know that people react more positively to disclosures (透露的秘闻) than you often imagine. 1.___________________ But when you take the risk to do so, your friend will recognize your sincerity. If you are in a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, you need to recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.
2．___________________ Just like the leaves that nobody hears falling, a disclosure with no listener is barely a disclosure at all. When you reveal secrets to others, you are often looking for help, and seeking out the people who prove most helpful. Speaking about a negative experience can have the side-effect of bringing back the negative emotions you associate it with. 3.___________________
Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support. If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one if not both kinds. 4.___________________ The harm of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.
If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need to keep. 5.___________________ This is all the more reason to share what's on your mind. When you open up to others, they will open up to you.
A．You are content with the secrets that you keep.
B．You could shout your secret in an empty forest.
C．This means it is time to talk to someone.
D．It might take courage to reveal something sensitive.
E．That's why shouting your secret out is often not enough.
F．Having extra secrets is burdensome.
G．This increases the risk of spreading secrets.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了秘密在人际关系中的影响，以及适当披露秘密对个人心理健康和关系发展的积极作用。
1．D　解析：根据上文“But when you have fears...than you often imagine.”可知，人们其实对所透露的秘闻的反应更多的是积极的一面，所以不需要担忧。根据下文“But when you take the risk to do so, your friend will recognize your sincerity.”可知，冒险做出的事情能让朋友看出你的真诚。D项承接上文，且与下文内容构成转折关系，符合语境。
2．B　解析：根据下文“Just like the leaves...barely a disclosure at all.”可知，空处应与“就像是所做的事情没有听众一样”意思一致，B项符合语境。
3．E　解析：根据上文内容可知，透露秘密其实是在寻求帮助，而且谈论消极的经历会产生副作用，空处应是对上文内容的总结。E项承接上文，且对本段内容做出总结，符合语境。
4．C　解析：根据上文内容可知，如果能够找到一个能让你敞开心扉的人，他们会给你提供至少一种帮助，结合下文“The harm of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.”可知，空处应承上启下，C项中的This指代上文提到的找到能让你敞开心扉的人，且下文是对空处的进一步解释说明，符合语境。
5．F　解析：根据下文“This is all the more reason...will open up to you.”可知，空处应是让你分享心中想法的理由，F项讲述的内容为下文This指代的内容，且与下文构成因果关系，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·宁波九校联考)The “Cross-Time and Space Dialogue” exhibition between Ningbo and Xi'an is the first domestic exhibition to showcase the combined cultural relics of the Silk Road, the Maritime Silk Road, and the Grand Canal, all of 1.___________________ are world heritage sites.
Zhang Liang, the director of Ningbo Museum, said, “The Ningbo Museum 2.___________________(seek) partnerships with cultural institutions for years to enable audiences of the Yangtze River Delta region to appreciate treasures at their doorstep. Xi'an is the starting point of the overland Silk Road 3.___________________ Ningbo serves as a critical hub (枢纽) of the Maritime Silk Road. The two cities are 4.___________________(close) connected through canals.”
“We wanted to create something rich and comprehensive, but that also meant setting ourselves 5.___________________ enormous task，” said Zhang.
Time constraints also added to the pressure. Each artifact had to be positioned, with adjustments made to ensure a cohesive narrative. These fine details required countless 6.___________________(round) of refinement.
Zhang emphasized that the purpose of showcasing history is not just 7.___________________(reflect) on the past but to inspire the present and future. Recognizing the interests of young audiences, the exhibition integrates modern elements such as 8.___________________(interact) installations and LED displays. These features bring a sense of movement and life 9.___________________ the exhibition.
“10.___________________(visit) an exhibition is like watching a play—different people may have different interpretations. Our goal is to present history in its most authentic and engaging form.” Zhang said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了宁波与西安联合展览的历史文化意义。
1．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作of的宾语，应用关系代词which。
2．has sought　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的for years可知，空处应用现在完成时，表明动作从过去一直持续到现在，主语为The Ningbo Museum，助动词用has。
3．while　解析：考查连词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处前后为两个完整句子，且为对比关系，空处应用连词while。
4．closely　解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词connected，作状语，应用副词形式。
5．an　解析：考查冠词。根据空后enormous task可知，task为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且enormous发音以元音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词an修饰。
6．rounds　解析：考查名词复数。根据空前countless和空后of可知，空处应用名词形式。round意为“轮次”时，为可数名词，它由countless修饰，应用复数形式。　
7．to reflect　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作表语。
8．interactive　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词installations，作定语，应用形容词形式。
9．to　解析：考查介词。根据空前“bring a sense of movement and life”可知，空处应用to，构成固定短语“bring sth. to...”，意为“给……带来某物”。
10．Visiting　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词-ing形式作主语。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the main idea of the text
A．The introduction to the Silk Road.
B．The great significance of the Silk Road.
C．The geography and history of the Silk Road.
D．The trade and cultural exchange of the Silk Road.
答案：A
答案：1.introduction　2.geography　3.history
4．trade　5.cultural　6.significance
1.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to paragraph 1
A．There are 33 sites along the Silk Road in total.
B．The Silk Road covers long distances and various landscapes.
C．The Silk Road extended from East Asia to the Mediterranean.
D．The Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor is a key section of the Silk Road.
2．What can we learn about Chang'an from the passage
A．It is still an important trade city now.
B．It is in Gansu Province of south-west China.
C．It used to be the capital of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
D．Both the Silk Road and the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor started in this city.
3．Why was silk the main item in the trade list at the beginning
A．Because it was the most popular item.
B．Because other countries didn't have silk.
C．Because it had light weight and was valuable.
D．Because it didn't belong to expensive goods.
4．What can we know from the text
A．The Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor is 8，700 kilometres long.
B．33 countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage status.
C．Many other countries are also planning World Heritage applications for other sections of the Silk Road.
D．The Silk Road is a network of modern trade routes which extends from China to the Mediterranean.
答案：1～4.ADCC
The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes, 1.extending(extend) from East Asia to the Mediterranean. A key section of the extensive Silk Road network is the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor, 2.which stretches over a distance of around 5，000 kilometres and covers a total of 8，700 kilometres of trade routes.
3．The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Road network is Chang'an (present-day Xi'an). It was famous 4.as the capital of the Han and Tang Dynasties. 5.Assigned (assign) by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia, seeking 6.to build(build) bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang's efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships 7.were strengthened(strengthen) between the major powers of the time. The routes were alive with strings of camels 8.carrying(carry) loads of goods. In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange.
These 9.amazingly(amazing) long routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations. The addition of the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in 10.recognition(recognize) of the Silk Road as a crucial part of humanity's common heritage.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．basin n. A．赤道
2．milestone n. B．展示的场合；玻璃柜台
3．equator n. C．盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域
4．showcase n. D．重要阶段，里程碑
答案：1～4.CDAB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．vote to determine　　 票决定
2．the incredible splendour of heritage sites 址令人难以置信的壮丽
3．strings of camels 成群结队的骆驼
4．the Mogao Caves 莫高窟
5．live elsewhere on the planet 在地球上的其他地方
6．a special entry fee 特别入场费
7．The introduction of non-native species is banned.
禁止引进外来物种。
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．division n．分歧；分开，分隔→divide v．使分开，分散；分配→divided adj.分裂的，有分歧的；分配的
2．cooperation n．合作，协作；协助，配合→cooperate v．合作；协作→cooperative adj.合作的；乐于配合的
3．interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰，插嘴→interruption n．打扰；插嘴；中断；阻断物
4．conservation n．保护；保持→conserve v．保护，保存；节省→conservative adj.保守的；因循守旧的
5．pursue vt.追求，致力于，执行；追逐→pursuit n．追赶，追求；职业，工作
6．submit vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服→submission n.屈服；意见；提交的文件
7．emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头→emerging adj.新兴的；出现的
8．assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n.(分派的)工作，任务
9．wool n．毛织物；羊毛→woolen adj.羊毛的
10．expansion n．扩展，扩大，膨胀→expand v．扩大；增加
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．In 1912 women's events were added, and the modern Olympic programme began to take shape(成形).
2．The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to(多亏) the efforts of the local government.
3．I believe that each of us can contribute to(为……做贡献) the future of the world.
4．In addition to(除了) eating less, he walked ten miles every day to lose weight.
5．It can also serve as(充当) a test showing whether a student is able to live an independent life abroad or not.
6．This award is given to you in recognition of(承认) your good performance.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．as引导原因状语从句
And it seems to be only the beginning of the road for the Silk Road, as other countries are also planning World Heritage applications for other sections of the network(因为其他国家也在计划为这个网络的其他部分申报世界遗产).(Para.1)
2．过去分词(短语)作状语
Assigned by the emperor(在皇帝的指派下), the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.(Para.3)
[分析]　此句中还含有动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
3．while作并列连词，表示对比
China's exports included silk, china and tea, while horses, wool, cotton and grapes were all imported over vast distances along the network(而马、羊毛、棉花和葡萄则通过这个路网远距离进口).(Para.4)
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division　n.分歧；分开，分隔
【经典例句】
①(教材P48)There are divisions among historians over when exactly the construction of the twin temples started.
历史学家对两座神庙的确切建造时间存在分歧。
②We need to divide our time and resources effectively to complete the project.
我们需要有效地分配时间和资源来完成这个项目。
(1)divide v.　　　 分开，分散；分配
divide...into 把……分成
(2)divided adj. 分裂的，有分歧的；分配的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The division(divide) of Europe into countries is the result of its complicated history.
(2)As we know, the two companies have divided(divide) views on many issues.
(3)当你进入图书馆时，你会发现所有的书都被分成了不同的种类。
When you go to the library, you will find all of the books are divided into different categories．
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cooperation　n.合作，协作；协助，配合
【经典例句】
①(教材P48)This success demonstrates the power of international cooperation in times of crisis.
这次成功展示了在危机时刻国际合作的力量。
②We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools.
我们希望家长和学校有更加紧密的合作。
(1)in cooperation with　 ……合作
(2)cooperate v. 合作；协作
cooperate with 和……合作
(3)cooperative adj. 合作的；乐于配合的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)That young man is honest, cooperative(cooperate), always there when you need his help.
(2)Hearing your introduction, we really have the interest to cooperate with you.
(3)我们和其他国家的学生合作，不仅获得了知识，还收获了友谊。
We worked in cooperation with students from other countries, gaining not only knowledge but also friendship.[读后续写之主旨升华]
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interrupt　vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断
vi.打扰，插嘴
【经典例句】
①(人教选必二U5)Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.　北京的高中生陈伟在吃晚餐时突然听到另一桌有人尖叫，打断了他的晚餐。
②(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip.
我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。
(1)be interrupted by...　 被……打断
get interrupted 被打断
(2)interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；中断；阻断物
without interruption 连续地；不间断地
uninterrupted adj. 不间断的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Every time I tried to present my ideas in the meeting, I would get interrupted (interrupt) by colleagues who had different opinions.
(2)我们在家享受的宁静夜晚被邻居的意外来访打断。
Our quiet evening at home was interrupted by an unexpected visit from our neighbors.
(3)他们连夜开车，在日出前到达了目的地。
They drove through the night without interruption, reaching their destination before sunrise.
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conservation　n.(对环境、文物等)保护；
保持；节约
【经典例句】
①(2022·全国甲卷)World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
6月8日的世界海洋日旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。
②Conserving water is crucial in drought-prone areas, where every drop counts.
在容易发生干旱的地区，节约用水至关重要，在那里每一滴水都很重要。
(1)under conservation　　 受到保护
(2)conserve v. 保护；保存；节约
conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)While she is open to new ideas, she tends to be conservative(conserve) when it comes to her personal beliefs.
(2)这个国家公园正受到保护，以维持其自然美景和野生动物。
→The national park is being conserved to maintain its natural beauty and wildlife.
→The national park is under conservation to maintain its natural beauty and wildlife.
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vote　vt.& vi.投票，表决；选举
n．选票；投票；表决
【经典例句】
①(教材P49)For example, it votes to determine which sites are to be listed as UNESCO heritage sites and monitors the state of conservation.
例如，它投票决定哪些遗址将被列为联合国教科文组织遗址，并监测其保护状况。
②A recent poll revealed that 65% of the population voted in favor of stricter environmental regulations.
最近的一项民意调查显示，65%的人口赞成更严格的环境法规。
(1)vote for 投票支持
vote against 投票反对
vote on 投票表决
vote to do sth. 投票决定做某事
(2)put sth. to the vote 把某事付诸表决
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)We'll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.
(2)A politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.
(3)Fearing that most of the citizens voted against him, he wore a smile.
(4)我建议立即将此事付诸表决。
I propose that the matter (should) be put to the vote at once.[应用文写作之建议信]
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submit　vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服
【经典例句】
①(人教选必三U3)According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.
根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由热带森林的破坏造成的。
②A famous artist will be invited to teach Chinese painting skills, after which many students will submit their works and exchange ideas.
我们将邀请一位著名的艺术家来教授国画技巧，之后许多学生将提交他们的作品并交流想法。
(1)submit (oneself) to... 屈服于……；服从……
submit...to... 向……提交……
(2)submission n. 提交(或呈递)的文件、建议等；屈服
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Before making the final decision, the committee reviewed all submissions(submit) carefully.
(2)Based on what he observed，the doctor decided on submitting his medical report to the president of the hospital.
(3)如果我没有向困难屈服的话，我就会被我理想中的大学录取了。
If I hadn't submitted myself to difficulties, I would have been admitted to my ideal university.
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assign　vt.指定，指派；分配；确定
【经典例句】
①(人教选必三U4)He assigned me to be a steward，and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
他安排我做服务员，我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
②I made a commitment to him that I would finish the task that was assigned to me.
我向他保证我会完成分配给我的任务。
(1)assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sb. sth.＝assign sth. to sb. 给某人分配/布置某物/某事
(2)assignment n. 任务，作业；分配，指派
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2023·天津卷)When Cruse asked him what was wrong, the boy explained that he wasn't able to complete his reading assignment(assign) because his parents were busy with his four siblings.
(2)Our boss assigned me to buy(buy) all the motors that were produced in a Chinese corporation.
(3)老师给每个学生分配了一个独特的项目，这帮助他们发展了各自的技能。
The teacher assigned each student a unique project/assigned a unique project to each student, which helped them develop their individual skills.
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expansion　n.扩展，扩大，膨胀；详述
【经典例句】 The expansion of social media usage among teenagers has raised concerns about mental health.
青少年对社交媒体使用量的增加引发了对心理健康问题的担忧。
expand v.　　　 扩大，增加；详述；扩展；发展
expand on/upon 充分叙述
expand(...) into... 把(……)扩展/发展成……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The narrow path in the village expanded into a wide road.
(2)她承诺在下一次会议中详细阐述她的提议，提供更多关于该提议的细节。
She promised to expand on/upon her proposal in the next meeting, providing more details about it.
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ban　vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事
n．禁令
【经典例句】
①(外研选必三U6)Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria control.
现在它在许多国家被禁止使用，但在一些国家仍被用于控制疟疾。
②The company introduced a ban on smoking in public places.
公司实行了一项在公共场所禁止吸烟的规定。
(1)ban doing sth. 禁止做某事
ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人(做)某事
(2)a ban on... 有关……的禁令
put a ban on... 禁止……
【单句语法填空】
(1)Whales and dolphins are hunted for their meat or for so-called research. Although this was banned(ban) in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
(2)As secondhand smoke is harmful to our health, people support a total ban on smoking in public.
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as引导原因状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P53)And it seems to be only the beginning of the road for the Silk Road, as other countries are also planning World Heritage applications for other sections of the network.
这似乎只是丝绸之路的开始，因为其他国家也在计划为这个网络的其他部分申报世界遗产。
②(北师大选必三U9)Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic, especially as scientists who have gone into detail studying tissue samples from the bodies of people who died of the 1918 Spanish Flu have proved that bird flu is a modern adaptation of that virus.
科学家们仔细研究了1918年西班牙流感死亡者尸体的组织样本，证明禽流感是该病毒的现代变异版本，许多人担心它可能会引起下一场全球流行病。
教材原句中as是连词，意为“由于、因为”，引导原因状语从句。as引导从句有以下用法：
(1)意为“当……的时候、随着”，引导时间状语从句；
(2)意为“由于、因为”，引导原因状语从句；
(3)意为“正如、依照”，引导方式状语从句；
(4)意为“尽管、虽然”，引导让步状语从句。
【语境辨义/一句多译】
(1)(外研选必一U6)As we pass Cuona Lake, I feel a sense of pride and achievement.当……的时候
(2)As the weather was extremely hot, we decided to postpone the outdoor event.
由于、因为
(3)As China develops, Chinese is becoming more and more important.随着
(4)Relentlessly as the rain poured down, the children continued to play in the park, their laughter echoing through the damp(潮湿的) air.尽管、虽然
(5)随着她长大，她变得更漂亮了。
→As she grows up, she becomes more beautiful.(as引导时间状语从句)
→With her growing up, she becomes more beautiful. (with复合结构)
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The deadline for essay submission(submit) is 5 p．m. tomorrow.
2．The country is spending hundreds of billions of dollars on railway expansion (expand).
3．The government has made up its mind to go on with wildlife conservation(conserve), which is of great benefit to human beings.
4．The teacher assigned the students to hand(hand) in their papers on time.
5．His speech was frequently interrupted by stormy applause.
6．There is no doubt that your participation will contribute to our winning the championship in the game.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．珊瑚礁正受到保护，以使其免受人类活动和气候变化的影响。
The coral reef is under conservation to protect it from human activities and climate change.
2．尽管日常生活中充满挑战和艰辛，我拒绝向它们屈服。
In spite of challenges and hardships in my daily life, I decline to submit to them．
3．老板给她分配了一项任务，但令老板失望的是她没有按要求完成。
The boss assigned her a task/assigned a task to her, but what disappointed him was that she didn't finish it as requested.
4．由于阵雨，棒球比赛被中断了，这让我们很失望。
Owing to the shower, the baseball game was interrupted, which disappointed us.
5．由于雨下得很大，我们决定待在室内看电影。(as引导原因状语从句)
As it was raining heavily, we decided to stay indoors and watch a movie.

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