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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Like the population of the United States, music has also reflected the melting－pot diversity of the country and its history.In the 1700s and 1800s, country music tunes starting from Great Britain's Celtic districts came over with immigrants who ended up in the South.Fiddle (小提琴) tunes had lyrics added, and the style began to change with Appalachian folk influences. The banjo, developed from African traditions that also developed in the rural South, further influenced early country music. Later on, the guitar, popular in many musical styles，became a primary instrument in country music, as did the steel guitar, popular in Hawaiian music in the last century.There are now local styles of country music.
Rock-and-roll music appeared in the mid-twentieth century，also from several sources，including early country music itself.African American rhythm and blues from the South was another early source, and in the end rock groups from Great Britain in the 1960s had a deep influence on the style and popularity.The social revolutionary (革命性的) spirit of the urbanized (城市化的) 1960s went hand in hand with the young musical population, who often connected rock songs and concerts to political change.Depending on electric guitar and also on drums, rock music found its way forward, branching off in many directions.
Despite the differences in style and development，both remain popular to this day, along with other styles of American and world music.One of the many benefits of such diverse culture is that there is always something for everyone!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国乡村音乐和摇滚乐的起源与发展情况。
1．What can we learn from the passage
A．American country music started from the South United States.
B．The fiddle was introduced to American culture from Africa.
C．The guitar is American country music's earliest instrument.
D．The steel guitar is still the main instrument in Hawaiian music.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the 1700s and 1800s...who ended up in the South.”可知，美国乡村音乐的曲调来自英国凯尔特地区的音乐，而该地区的音乐是由美国南部的英国移民传入的。由此可知，美国的乡村音乐起源于美国南部。
2．What do country music and rock-and-roll music have in common
A．Both were developed at the same time.
B．Both borrowed tunes from folk music.
C．Both were developed in urban districts.
D．Both have several sources.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In the 1700s and 1800s...popular in Hawaiian music in the last century.”及第二段中的“Rock－and－roll music...blues from the South was another early source”可推知，乡村音乐和摇滚乐都有多种来源。
3．What is the difference between country music and rock－and－roll music
A．Rock－and－roll music is still popular today.
B．Rock－and－roll music has a wide variety of styles.
C．Rock－and－roll music has been connected to political change.
D．Rock－and－roll music uses the guitar as the main instrument.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The social revolutionary spirit...connected rock songs and concerts to political change.”可知，摇滚乐内容早已与政治变革相关。
4．Where does this passage probably come from
A．A report.
B．A magazine.
C．A research paper.
D．A travel guide.
B　解析：文章出处题。本文介绍了美国乡村音乐和摇滚乐的起源与发展，最可能出自杂志。
B
Throughout history，music spread through common experiences among people of different cultures.In today's technologically advanced society，however，people spread music online，sometimes without an artist's permission.This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now cracking down on this practice.Sharing music online without permission is theft (盗窃).
Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money from their efforts.They say that online file sharing has resulted in a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years.People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 download.To truly understand the impact of music piracy (盗版) on creators，one must understand how many people are involved in the recording process.For the sale of each album，profits must be shared between all parties：musicians，sound engineers，music producers，managers，advertisers，and the company selling the product.Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist，but the reality is that sharing hurts business for all companies involved.Therefore，the sharing of music files is just as damaging as stealing a CD from Target.
There are many people who don't see the harm in sharing music files online and even think they have the right to do it.One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he “should be able to do with the material whatever he wants”．While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to provide it to the world at no cost.Most music is copyrighted (有版权的).No one can legally hand out free copies without permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.
Although we do not spread today's music the same way we did historically, there's no doubt that people around the world love to share music.However，Internet piracy could prevent musicians from wanting to continue producing albums for fear of theft.Therefore，if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profit to continue their music careers.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。作者认为网络共享音乐属于盗版侵权，无异于偷窃行为。
5．What does the underlined phrase “cracking down on” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Bringing up carefully.
B．Speaking highly of.
C．Dealing seriously with.
D．Destroying completely.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money from their efforts.”可知，网络共享音乐损害了音乐公司的利益，所以音乐公司正在对音乐侵权这一现象采取严厉的措施。由此可推知，crack down on意为“对……严加处置或限制”。
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．Artists are taking action to protect their rights.
B．Sharing music files online affects a lot of people.
C．Online music sharing increases sales of music CDs.
D．A person who has bought a CD has the right to share it online.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“one must understand how many people are involved...and the company selling the product”可知，在网上共享音乐文件会影响很多人。
7．How is the passage organized
A．Topic－Argument－Explanation
B．Opinion－Discussion－Description
C.Main idea－Comparison－Supporting statements
D.Introduction－Supporting statements－Conclusion
D　解析：篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出观点“Sharing music online without permission is theft.”，第二、三段论证观点，第四段进行总结“Therefore, if people want to continue...they need to buy their music...continue their music careers.”，故文章总体上分为三部分：陈述观点，认证支持观点及总结。D项符合题意。
8．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Music Piracy is Theft
B．Is Sharing Music Right
C．What is Music Piracy
D．Music Piracy is Good for Music Lovers
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文阐述了网络共享音乐属于盗版侵权行为的观点。A项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，为了丰富学生生活，你校学生会将举办一次音乐周活动。请你根据下面提示，以组织者的身份写一则通知。
时间：四月的第二周
地点：学校会议大厅
活动内容：1.演唱流行歌曲；2.使用乐器演奏古典和民间音乐；3.进行听歌曲或音乐片段猜歌曲名称的比赛。
报名截止日期：3月15日。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Notice
Dear students，
The Students' Union has decided to organize a Music Week, which will be held at the school meeting hall in the second week of April. The activities include singing pop songs and playing classical and folk music. Bring your own musical instruments, please. A music contest will be included, too. The students taking part in the contest will listen to part of a song or a piece of music, and then guess where it comes from. If you'll like to take part in the Music Week, please come and sign up for it before March 15th.
Come to the great fun!
Students' Union
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sara, a kind-hearted woman, always taught her son, Tim, the importance of compassion (同情) and understanding. Tim, a curious and thoughtful teenager, was always eager to learn from his mother. One day, they walked into a cozy restaurant where they learned something important.
The restaurant was filled with the smell of delicious food and the soft chatter of other diners. Sara and Tim found a quiet corner table by the wall. They settled down, excitedly discussing that day's events and looking forward to the meal they had ordered.
During their conversation, an elderly man, dressed in worn-out clothes, entered the restaurant. His hesitant steps and the way his eyes scanned the menu with a hint of longing caught Sara's attention. He approached the counter and asked about the cheapest meal available softly. The waiter, with a polite smile, informed him of the prices, and the elderly man, with a sigh, decided to order just a bowl of rice.
The elderly man took a seat at the table next to Sara and Tim. His back slightly stooped (弓背), as if carrying the weight of his struggles. As waiting for the food, the elderly man received a phone call from his daughter. He was using one of those old people's mobile phones which sent out so loud noise that everyone around him could hear the conversation. The daughter's voice, filled with concern, echoed (回荡) through the phone, and the man's face lit up with a father's love. He reassured her that he was doing well. When asked about his meal, he told his daughter he was having beef. It was a lie that was meant to spare her from worrying.
Sara and Tim overheard the conversation. Tim, with his innocent curiosity, asked why the elderly man was telling the lie. Sara's eyes welled up with tears, not of sadness, but of a deep understanding of the man's difficult situation. She explained to Tim that sometimes, people tell kind-hearted lies to protect their loved ones from worry or sadness.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Moved by the situation, Sara decided to act._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the beef arrived, the elderly man's eyes widened in surprise.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Moved by the situation, Sara decided to act. She quietly ordered a plate of beef for the elderly man and instructed the waiter to tell him that he was the lucky winner of a promotion. Sara explained to the waiter that she did that to preserve the old man's dignity. The waiter agreed to help with a smile and appreciated Sara's idea. Then the waiter went into the kitchen to tell the chef to cook a plate of beef.
When the beef arrived, the elderly man's eyes widened in surprise. He looked around, trying to find the source of this unexpected kindness. Sara and Tim just smiled at him from their table, and their hearts were filled with the joy of giving. The old man asked the waiter what had happened. The waiter bent down and whispered to the old man, “You are the lucky winner of today's promotion. You can enjoy the meal for free.” The old man was surprised and thanked the waiter. Then he started to enjoy every bite of the delicious beef.单元过关检测(二)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At a hotel.　
B．In a hospital.
C．At home.
2．What do the speakers think of the movie
A．Impressive.
B．Dull.
C．Exciting.
3．When will the man go to the library
A．On Saturday.
B．On Monday.
C．On Sunday.
4．How did the man get so many clocks
A．His family gave him.
B．He bought for himself.
C．The woman made for him.
5．Where does this conversation probably take place
A．At home.
B．In a hospital.
C．In a coffee shop.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What will the boy do on Saturday
A．Go shopping.
B．Have a picnic.
C．Ask friends round.
7．What will the woman buy tomorrow
A．Sausages.
B．Salads.
C．Pies.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What's the complaint of the man's neighbor
A．An important meeting.
B．Bad sleeping room.
C．Loud noise.
9．What were the man and his friends about to do
A．Change a room.
B．End their activity.
C．Apologize to their neighbor.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What do the speakers want to do on the weekend
A．Stay at home.
B．Go to the beach.
C．See a movie.
11．What will the weather be like according to the weather forecast
A．Hot.
B．Cold.　　　
C．Warm.
12．What do the speakers think of the weather in California
A．It is changeable.
B．It is predictable.
C．It is comfortable.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．When did Karina become interested in cooking
A．When she helped her parents in the hotel kitchen.
B．When she made food for herself at home.
C．When she worked in a restaurant.
14．What happened to Karina in the cooking competition
A．She won one of the prizes.
B．Her dishes were thought highly of.
C．She realized her talent for cooking.
15．Why did a top chef offer to train Karina
A．He needed someone to work on Saturdays.
B．A famous person liked the food she made.
C．She was quick at learning to cook.
16．What does Karina like to do in her free time
A．Stay with her family.
B．Create new salads.
C．Eat out.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Who is making the announcement
A．The student government.
B．The school newspaper.
C．The football team.
18．How many new teams are added this year
A．Four.
B．Three.　　　
C．Two.
19．What do the music club members do
A．They organize trips.
B．They attend concerts.
C．They have dancing nights.
20．Why should a student join a campus group
A．To make friends.
B．To make good grades.
C．To keep up with world news.
答案：1～5.ABBAC　6～10.BCCBB
11～15.CACBB　16～20.AACBA
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Excuse me, Madam. Your room number is 633 on the 6th floor.We'll take the lift.①
W：Okay.Here is my luggage.
(Text 2)
M：There's nothing good about the movie.It didn't move me at all.②
W：I know. It's totally boring.② Let's do something a little more exciting.
(Text 3)
W：I need to return these library books today.Do you want to come with me
M：No. The downtown library doesn't open on Sundays.I'd rather go tomorrow，③ so I can borrow some new books for myself.
(Text 4)
W：You certainly have a lot of clocks. There seems to be one in every room.
M：My family gave them to me because I have trouble keeping track of time.④
(Text 5)
W：Hello, how can I help you today
M：I'd like two cups of coffee.⑤ One with milk and sugar, and one with just sugar.
W：That will be $4.56. Out of five？Here is your change.⑤ Oh, Mike, it's you! Small world, right
(Text 6)
M：Mum, do you remember you promised I could invite some friends for a picnic on Saturday
W：Yes, of course.I've already done all the shopping for it.⑥ I've got burgers and sausages.And I've bought lots of salads, too.
M：Do you remember we wanted to have some pies as well
W：I didn't buy any but I think I have some in the fridge. I'll just have a look. Hmmm, well, we've got one pie, but I think I'd better get some more. I'll go to the supermarket tomorrow.⑦
M：Thanks, Mum.
(Text 7)
W：Good evening，sir.I'm the Assistant Manager.
M：How nice!
W：Yes. I'm afraid we've had a complaint from your neighbor about the noise.⑧ He is trying to get some sleep as he has an early start tomorrow for an important meeting.I'm sure you understand.
M：Oh, I see.
W：Do you think it might be possible to ask your friends to be a little quieter？We do like to give our guests a chance of getting a good night's sleep.It's well after eleven.
M：Oh, I'm sorry. I do apologize. I suppose we were talking rather loudly.It's just that we've reached an important agreement.We were having a bit of a celebration.
W：I'm pleased to hear it. Shall I ask Room Service to bring you some coffee
M：No, that won't be necessary. We were just about to pack up anyway.⑨
W：Thank you, sir, and good night to you.
(Text 8)
M：It will be nice to go to the beach sometime this weekend.⑩ I'm bored with staying at home watching a movie on TV all the time.
W：I want to go too.⑩ What's the weather going to be like
M：The weather forecast said this weekend it is supposed to be warm and not hot.
W：Will it be good beach weather It won't be good if it gets cold this weekend.
M：I want this trip to be perfect. I hope it stays warm.
W：The weather in California is so uncertain. It's impossible to know what will happen.
M：I know. Every day the weather seems different.
W：I will love it if it isn't always so unpredictable.
M：That will make it easier for us to make plans.
(Text 9)
M：I'm with Karina Rogers, who's training at a top restaurant to be a chef.Karina, where did your interest in cooking come from
W：Well, both my parents prepared food in the hotel kitchen, and although I helped them a bit, I never enjoyed that much. In fact, it wasn't until I worked for two weeks at a restaurant that I realized cooking was for me. Before that, I'd just made salads for myself.
M：And the restaurant was really pleased with you.
W：Yes, and that gave me the confidence to enter a cooking competition.I wasn't among the winners, but the judges really liked what I made.
M：Then a top chef noticed your cooking
W：Yes, and he gave me a Saturday job at his restaurant. My first task was to prepare a salad. No one had told me the food was for someone famous, but it seemed she really liked it, so the chef offered to train me full time at the restaurant.
M：And do you eat out in your free time
W：I don't do that anymore.
M：Because it is expensive
W：No. On my days off, I just like eating at home.It's a good chance to be with my parents！
(Text 10)
Hi, students! This is Ashley Jacobs, your student government president.I have some important information for everyone about activities on campus this year. I promise that there will be something fun for everyone to do.Do you like sports？I know everyone is a fan of our football team. And now there are two new teams at school this year. We have added a baseball team and a swim team.Or do you enjoy creative activities Student government created an art club and a music club for people with artistic abilities.Both of these groups have events all year long.The art club hosts painting nights and trips to the local museum, and the music club goes to see shows at the concert hall. And don't forget about the school newspaper for all the writers out there! We pass out the paper every week for free on campus.Read it to keep up with all of the school news and activities that I announced.I strongly recommend that you join a student organization. It is an easy way to make good friends and have fun. Please consider joining one of these groups today.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A Look at the Festivals in the Summer
The Firegathering
18-20 May
The Firegathering festival returns to an unidentified place somewhere in the Sussex countryside. The ticket price is a very agreeable ￡40, an amount that the organisers' promise covers only the costs of staging the event.As well as the night-club singers and dancers and circus performers, you can expect live performances from local stars.If this looks like it might be right for you, you'd be well advised to book your ticket soon；the event has sold out every year since its beginning four years ago.
Sheep Music
20-22 July
Sheep Music started life as a garden party and has developed into a full－scale (全面的) community event.Even though the advertising has always been limited to word of mouth, the huge number of people two years ago left organisers worried that the large crowds could ruin the festival's family feel.Luckily July sees the return of this brilliant party.The climax(高潮) comes in the shape of Saturday night's full－scale parade that you just would not expect to happen in the otherwise sleepy Welsh borders.
The Big Chill
3-5 August
Ten years on and The Big Chill could very well be close to becoming a big pop festival like Glastonbury.That said，the many thousands in attendance are still able to relax in the beautiful Eastnor deer park and listen to plenty of music that would otherwise pass them by.Families have always been given a warm welcome and it's fair to say that The Big Chill is probably the most child－friendly of all the medium－sized festivals.If you've never been，you should certainly go.
Summer Sundae
10-12 August
Although only a year old this summer, Summer Sundae has quickly inspired the imaginations of Leicesteks music lovers.Last year's event was a success, noted by more than a few mentions at the UK Festival Awards.It is set in the impressive grounds of De Montfort Hall.Although the performers are still to be confirmed, the cabins (小屋) are sure to be there.These small buildings are made from wood and carpets, storage space, and can fit a family for the night.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四则音乐节的广告。
21．What can we learn about The Firegathering
A．The festival will take place in a park.
B．No profits will be made from the festival.
C．The audience will be bigger than expected.
D．A lot of national stars will perform at the festival.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据The Firegathering部分中的“The ticket price...covers only the costs of staging the event.”可知，门票收入只能支付音乐节的成本。由此可推断，该音乐节不盈利。
22．Which one is the best choice if you want to take your children to a festival
A．The Firegathering.
B．Sheep Music.
C．The Big Chill.
D．Summer Sundae.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据The Big Chill部分中的“The Big Chill is probably the most child－friendly of all the medium－sized festivals”可知，大寒音乐节是带孩子去玩的最好选择。
23．What is the similarity of these festivals
A．They entertain attendants with music.
B．They have a long history.
C．They need advance booking.
D．They can be compared with Glastonbury.
A　解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，四则广告分别提到了singers and dancers、Sheep Music、plenty of music和music lovers，由此可知，这些节日都和音乐有关。
B
The input Dad has on my career is incomparable. My earliest memories of Dad are sitting in the kitchen playing the guitar, listening to his favourite song by his favourite singer, and encouraging his little girl to poke (戳) keys randomly on the piano. Even watching Top of the Pops, he would get so passionate about music in it. We weren't a religious family, but there was something spiritual about Dad's connection with music.
Music also became a source of comfort for me. I failed to do well academically at school and had no friends. Being at school consumed so much of my emotional energy. Instead of going to school to learn stuff, I felt as though I was simply trying to get people to like me. Things were better, but the only time I truly felt happy was when I was at home listening to music with Mum and Dad or writing songs on the piano—and the older I got, the more powerful music felt.
Dad was always my biggest supporter. When I started giving live performances at the local bar, he was the one who drove me there and back. Freeing up that time wasn't easy for an actor. His job might mean three weeks in the Czech Republic or working on The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones in Hollywood.
Dad has been involved with some amazing stuff, but Daddy Pig is the one that's had the biggest impact all over the world. When I was flying to Australia for my first tour, I was trying to find something to watch on the little screen and I noticed they had Peppa Pig. If I'm missing home and family, I always put it on. Daddy Pig is a fairly real version of my dad—he loves chocolate cake, he's funny and usually breaks things when he's trying to mend them. Mum and Dad were friends with one of the producers of the show and I often wonder if he looked at my dad and thought, “That's him...that's Daddy Pig.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者的父亲是如何影响她爱上音乐，以及如何支持她的音乐之路的。
24．What can we learn about the author's dad
A．He was good at writing songs.
B．He was attached to music in his soul.
C．He encouraged her to play the guitar.
D.He was passionate about watching TV series.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在作者的记忆里，父亲是一个对音乐充满激情的人，他与音乐有着一些精神上的联系。
25．How did the author's dad support her career
A．By picking her up in a tight schedule.
B．By doing a demanding job as an actor.
C．By watching her musical performances.
D．By giving live performances at the local bar.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When I started giving live performances...for an actor.”可知，作者在当地酒吧演出时，她的父亲在紧张的日程中接送她来支持她的音乐事业。
26．Why did the author mention Peppa Pig
A．It's her favourite childhood cartoon.
B．She saw her father through Daddy Pig.
C．She took pride in this world famous cartoon.
D.It's a cartoon about her hometown and motherland.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者看到猪爸爸就像是看到了自己的爸爸，因为猪爸爸是她爸爸的童话版。
27．Which of the following can best describe the author's dad
A．Funny and honest.
B．Strict and hardworking.
C．Famous and patient.
D．Supportive and influential.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Things were better...the older I got, the more powerful music felt.”和第三段中的“Dad was always my biggest supporter.”可推知，父亲是作者最大的支持者，且作者喜欢音乐是受父亲的熏陶，故父亲是有影响力的。
C
Make some noise on May 7 for Music Monday.People in the US and Canada will be celebrating the day by singing and playing musical instruments together.
Music Monday is the first day of National Wanna Play Music Week, which runs from May 7 to 13.The National Association of Music Merchants(NAMM) organizes the weeklong celebration every year.This marks the seventh year of the organization's teaming up with Canada's Coalition for Music Education(CME), the group that started Music Monday.
“It's a day to fill the skies with music and bring young people together in song，”CME Executive Director Holly Nimmons said.
Music Monday is held every year on the first Monday of May.It was created to help people realize the importance of music education programs in schools and in communities.The day also celebrates the benefits of playing music for people of all ages.
Nimmons said anyone could join in on the day，not just those who were musically gifted.“I think that we all have the music in us, and it's a matter of confidence，”she said.“Sing with other people or beat drums.Just enjoy the music.”
Participants can turn on the radio to join the fun.Each year a song is chosen for Music Monday.This year the song is “Tomorrow Is Coming”by Luke Doucet.The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation(CBC)will be playing the song at 1 pm (Eastern Time).People across North America will play or sing the song at the exact same time.The performance is meant to connect people through melody (旋律).More than 700，000 students took part in the concert last year.
Schools, after－school programs，organizations，groups and individuals throughout the US and Canada can all participate in Music Monday.Students who would like to share in the celebration should let their teacher or organization leader know.But NAMM also encourages people to pick up any instrument and play anytime on the day.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。为了推进学校和社区的音乐教育，美国和加拿大联合推出了国家音乐周，该音乐周从每年五月的第一个星期一开始，为期一周。本文介绍了音乐周的盛况。
28．What can we learn about Music Monday
A．It is a festival for young people.
B．It will last at least seven days.
C．People celebrate it twice a year.
D．It is the start of the music event.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Music Monday is the first day of National Wanna Play Music Week, which runs from May 7 to 13.”以及第四段中的“Music Monday is held every year on the first Monday of May.”可知，“音乐星期一”标志着音乐周的开始。
29．What is the purpose of Music Monday
A．To advise young people to learn music.
B．To help students to learn music better.
C．To get schools and communities closely united.
D．To call on people to pay more attention to music education.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It was created to help people realize the importance of music education programs in schools and in communities.”可知，它是为了引起人们对学校和社区音乐教育的重视。
30．Which of the following would Holly Nimmons most probably agree with
A．Students who are good at music are popular.
B．Everyone can have fun on Music Monday.
C．Participation in Music Monday is important.
D．Playing a musical instrument is admirable.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可推知，她认为人人都能在“音乐星期一”享受音乐带来的乐趣。
31．What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us
A．How people celebrate Music Monday.
B．What students should do on Music Monday.
C．Why a theme song is chosen for Music Monday.
D．Where the celebration of Music Monday will be held.
A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后两段可知，人们可以通过听收音机，共同演奏或者演唱主题歌来庆祝和参加“音乐星期一”。因此，这两段主要是讲述“音乐星期一”的庆祝方式。
D
For most of history, people were unable to record sounds.This meant that they could only listen to music if it was being played live in front of them.So，if Billy wanted to hear his favourite song，he would have to wait until a band of musicians actually got together and played it.However，once the ability to record sound was invented, music players underwent a series of rapid changes.Now the way we listen to recorded music is changing once again.Music is going digital.Instead of waiting to buy a CD from the local store, you can download individual songs online and instantly play them on your computer.
This new development has started a major debate about how digital music is sold.The debate is divided into opposing sides：those who want ownership and those who want access.In the past, people owned recorded music.They paid a price once and could listen to the music forever.Many consumers still prefer to pay a price for a digital song and then download it to keep.But some listeners, instead of buying all the songs they want, choose to pay for access to music.In this case, users subscribe to services that let them listen online to any music they like for the duration of the subscription.If the users end their subscription, they have nothing.But while they subscribe to the service, they have everything.
What are the benefits of access over ownership？Cost.For as little as $10 a month, users can access thousands of songs.Buying all those songs would cost a fortune.Some services are even free, because they make money from ads.Another benefit is mobility.Today people listen to music on their phones, and computers.As long as users have an Internet connection, they can access any song anywhere through their subscription.Although most users today still value owning their music, a new generation is growing up that sees access, not ownership, as the norm.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章对比了数字音乐的两种销售形式：出售音乐的所有权和订阅数字音乐服务。
32．What does Billy's example in paragraph 1 serve as
A．To make a further explanation.
B．To make a conclusion.
C．To make a comparison.
D．To describe a scene.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This meant that they could only listen to music if it was being played live in front of them.”可知，举比利的例子是为了进一步解释说明。
33．Where does the main contrast described in the passage lie？　
A．Between live bands and music players.
B．Between cost of music and ease of mobility.
C．Between subscription services and free services.
D．Between ownership of music and access to it.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章可知，第二段介绍了数字音乐的两种出售方式，第三段论述了与获得歌曲所有权相比，数字音乐订阅服务的好处，所以主要冲突在于音乐的所有权与音乐订阅问题。
34．What can be learnt from the passage
A．Access to music costs more or less.
B．Young people prefer access to music.
C．Few people would want ownership of music in the future.
D．Electronic devices are changing the way of listening to music.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“a new generation is growing up that sees access, not ownership, as the norm”可知，年轻人更喜欢数字音乐订阅服务。
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Development of Music
B．The Benefits of Access over Ownership
C．Digital Music：Opposing Sides
D．Rapid Changes：from CD to Digital Music
C　解析：标题归纳题。文章主要对比了数字音乐的两种销售形式及其发展趋势。C项最适合作文章标题。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Protect Your Ears
You and your friends are leaving a concert on a Friday night. When you get outside, your ears are ringing. You have to shout to be heard.36.________ So no harm done...right
Not quite. Temporary buzzing may be easy to ignore, but repeated exposure to loud noise will eventually cause serious—and irreversible (不可逆转的)—hearing loss. A new study conducted by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston shows that one in five people between the ages of 12 and 19 are experiencing slight hearing loss, and one in 20 have mild hearing loss.37.________ But the good news is that there are plenty of ways you can protect your ears from further damage—and still listen to the music you love.
Ask around.Put your earbuds in or your headphones on, and then ask a friend next to you whether or not he or she can hear what you're listening to.38.________ Turn it down.
Buy noise－canceling headphones.A pair of earbuds or headphones that fits comfortably will limit outside noise so that you can hear your music better at lower volume.
Take breaks.39.________ So when listening to music, take your headphones off for 15 or 20 minutes and let your ears enjoy the quiet.
40．________ You can buy a cheap pair at any drugstore as an easy way to lower volume at concerts—or while playing or practicing your own music—without changing the quality of the sound.
A．Use earplugs.
B．Keep the volume below 70 percent.
C．If the answer is yes, your music is too loud.
D．But by morning, your hearing is totally back to normal.
E．Like every other part of your body, your ears need rest.
F．Unfortunately, there's no way to get back hearing you've already lost.
G．The exposure to noise is louder and longer than in any previous generation.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种保护耳朵的方法，包括询问身边的人音乐的音量、购买噪音消除耳机、定时休息和使用耳塞等。
36．D　解析：根据上文可知，某个周五晚上的音乐会让你耳鸣；结合空后“So no harm done ... right？”可知，耳朵似乎并没有受到伤害。由此可推知，空处应表示转折，D项符合语境。
37．F　解析：根据空后的But可知，空处与下文情况相反，为对比关系，F项符合语境。
38．C　解析：根据上文可知，戴上耳机后询问身边的朋友是否能听见你听的东西，并结合下文“Turn it down.”可知，空处描述询问的结果，C项符合语境。
39．E　解析：根据该段小标题“Take breaks.”并结合下文可知，该段与让耳朵休息有关，E项符合语境。
40．A　解析：根据本段的内容可知，你可以在任何一家药店买到一副便宜的耳塞，以用于降低音乐会的音量。由此可知，该段与准备一副耳塞有关，A项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Laura, an Inuit girl, moved to a far area of the Canadian North to look for __41__．She was hospitalized for several weeks in the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit at SickKids.
Laura, who could hardly speak English, was __42__ and somewhat withdrawn (性格内向的).Ruth was asked to __43__ Laura to deal with her hospitalization.During the first music therapy (治疗) session Laura was obviously __44__ the instruments, but too shy to sing—even though she loved to sing at home with her family.Upon __45__ that her dad played the drum (鼓), Ruth gave both him and Laura a small drum and invited him to sing.He sang songs of their homeland in their native language.Soon Laura __46__．Together they sang and laughed.Many people came by to see the __47__ of this little girl, whom they knew as so __48__ and quiet.Laura was __49__ of her achievements.Ruth offered to videotape their time together to provide __50__ memories (记忆) of the hospital stay.
With Laura's __51__ worsening, it was expected she would be sent to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).Laura's condition remained very __52__ for several days in the ICU.She was very weak.Days after, Laura gradually got strength again.A doctor said it was __53__ to see Laura begin to play the drum again, ever so __54__， in her ICU bed.Clearly, music therapy served as an important __55__ for Laura and her family during this difficult time.Today she is a happy and healthy girl.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患病的小女孩劳拉凭借音乐疗法改善了病情的故事。41.A.freedom　 　 　　B．information
C．work D．treatment
D　解析：根据下文中的“She was hospitalized for several weeks...at SickKids.”可知，劳拉背井离乡是为了寻求治疗(treatment)。
42．A.frightened B．angry
C．touched D．satisfied
A　解析：根据上文中的could hardly speak English以及空后的somewhat withdrawn可知，劳拉几乎不会说英语，所以她感到很害怕(frightened)，并且性格有些内向。
43．A.force B．help
C．allow D．advise
B　解析：根据语境可知，露丝被要求去帮助(help)劳拉处理她住院期间的一些事务。
44．A.tired of B．doubtful about
C．interested in D.careful with
C　解析：根据下文中的“even though she loved to sing at home with her family”可知，劳拉在家的时候喜欢和家人们一起唱歌，所以她会对乐器感兴趣(interested in)。
45．A.learning B．dreaming
C．wondering D．warning
A　解析：根据下文中的“Ruth gave both him and Laura a small drum and invited him to sing”可知，了解(learn)到劳拉的爸爸会打鼓之后，露丝给了劳拉和她的爸爸一人一个小鼓，并邀请她的爸爸唱歌。
46．A.got away B．showed off
C．gave up D．joined in
D　解析：根据下文中的“Together they sang and laughed.”可知，听到爸爸的歌声后，很快劳拉加入(join in)了爸爸的行列，和他一起欢唱。
47．A.education B．change
C．control D．failure
B　解析：根据上文too shy to sing及语境可知，劳拉从人们所知道的害羞的(shy)女孩变得敢和家人一起欢唱，这对这个小女孩来说是一种变化(change)。
48．A.shy B．excited
C．smart D．polite
A　解析：参见上题解析。
49．A.sick B．afraid
C．proud D．unsure
C　解析：根据语境可知，劳拉为自己的表现感到很自豪(proud)。
50．A.distant B．painful
C．happy D．early
C　解析：根据语境可知，露丝为劳拉拍摄了录像，记录了他们一家在一起的时光，为他们保留了一份快乐的(happy)记忆。
51．A.instrument B．study
C．family D．condition
D　解析：根据下文中的“she would be sent to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)”可知，劳拉身体状况(condition)恶化。
52．A.new B．different
C．great D．dangerous
D　解析：根据下文中的“She was very weak.”可知，在重症监护室的时候，劳拉的状况一直很危险(dangerous)。
53．A.boring B．amazing
C．unfair D．easy
B　解析：根据上文中的“Laura gradually got strength again”以及下文中的in her ICU bed可知，医生认为虽然劳拉渐渐恢复了一些体力，但还在重症监护室，所以仍然很虚弱(weakly)，因此能看到劳拉再次击打小鼓是一件令人惊奇的(amazing)事。
54．A.weakly B．quietly
C．sadly D．smoothly
A　解析：参见上题解析。
55．A.decision B．start
C．support D．topic
C　解析：根据语境可知，在劳拉治病期间，音乐疗法给了她和家人莫大的帮助(support)，帮助他们度过了困难时期。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eric Gale's Tips for Guitarists
“Good things are happening in life for me now，” said Eric Gale, a famous American guitarist, “and when you allow yourself 56.____________(receive) those good things, the sky is the limit (极限).” He also said, “Even if I could go back to the start, I still wouldn't change the way I play 57.__________ guitar. I'm playing the way that it came to me, and it turned out 58.____________(exact) how it was supposed to. I picked the guitar up that way. I'd already learnt a tune or two, and when I tried to change, my brother was like, ‘No, man, this 59.____________(be) the way you've learnt to play—so 60.____________ are you trying to change it？’ I don't feel like I'm playing the ‘wrong’ way, because it's so 61.____________(nature) to me. Anyway, who's to say it's not everybody else that's playing it wrong？”
“All of the guitar 62.____________(performance) on my new record are special to me. As to every last one of them, I think all of them were recorded on the first take. I just turned it on and pressed record. It was more of a live approach (方式), you know, 63.____________ I'm very comfortable with. I don't like to do a lot of 64.____________(think). I just like to go for it. It's a whole lot better that way. All we were trying to do on this album was just be 65.____________(we)，” said Eric.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了美国著名的吉他演奏家艾瑞克·盖尔对于吉他演奏的看法。
56．to receive　解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”。
57．the　解析：考查冠词。空处在乐器前，应用定冠词the。
58．exactly　解析：考查副词。空处作状语修饰turned out，应用副词。
59．is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据语境可知，此处是对一般情况的描述，应用一般现在时；主语是this，谓语动词用单数。
60．why　解析：考查疑问词。根据句意可知，此处指提出疑问，应用why。
61．natural　解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，且由so修饰，应用形容词形式。
62．performances　解析：考查名词复数。根据All of和are可知，空处应用名词复数。
63．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为approach，且在从句中作with的宾语，应用which。
64．thinking　解析：考查名词。空处位于of后，作宾语，应用动词－ing形式。
65．ourselves　解析：考查代词。根据句意可知，空处表示“我们自己”，应用反身代词。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你刚观看了你校与爱尔兰一所友好学校在线上举办的音乐会。请在线上该音乐会的评论区写一则评论，内容包括：
1.音乐会特点；
2.观看感受；
3.你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
This online concert is absolutely fantastic. The concert featured various musical styles, including original, classical and pop music, which left a deep impression on me.
The performers from the two schools did their best to entertain the audience with great skills and passion. Their performances were of high quality, making the online concert almost no different from a live one. In addition, I fell in love with the concert instantly the students from Ireland started to sing the romantic Chinese song “Liang Zhu”. The song was so beautiful that it touched my heart and soul and gave me a sense of connection.
I sincerely hope there will be more opportunities for us Chinese students and our international friends to learn from each other.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kevin was a member of a well-known, well-respected and industrious family.However, a crisis left his family penniless.
Kevin decided to leave his home city and make a living by himself because his family was too poor.Before leaving, he told his father, “I want to learn the circus performance.”
His father was confused and wondered why he had such a strange idea.
What his father didn't know was that Kevin loved the circus since childhood.Every time there was news of a circus performance, he hurried home on his bicycle.He ran through the front door.“Mum, Dad，” he shouted, “the circus has come to town.”
He was very excited when his father took him and his sister to the circus the next day.At the circus, the audience always burst out laughing when the clowns appeared.The attraction of the circus was endless.
He clearly remembered once they went and sat down, a lady in a shiny costume walked a tightrope (钢丝).When a boy of Kevin's age rode a unicycle (独轮脚踏车), he asked for a volunteer.Kevin raised his hand and he was picked.The boy taught Kevin to ride a unicycle.The audience clapped.He had a great time at the circus!
His father was unhappy with his answer.“What No, you can't do that.A circus is the place for clowns.Our family will be ashamed of you.”
But Kevin insisted.“Our family is so poor now.Which is more important to you, dignity (尊严) or food I will give you some money every month from the circus.It will probably be a huge fortune.” His father was very stubborn.“If you go there, somebody will know about it very soon and I'll be very embarrassed, and it must be really tough to be skilled at performing such tricks.”
However, Kevin still left home and found a circus to stay regardless.He worked very hard studying magic and lived with animals.Every month, his parents would get a check from him.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
But they never knew Kevin's address.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Kevin's father went to the show.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
But they never knew Kevin's address.They knew the money was from Kevin but when people asked them about Kevin's job, they never told them the truth.Later, his parents received more money from him.Then, a magician named Albert became very famous across the country.Many people were fascinated by his performance and thought he was a legend of the field.One day, Kevin's father went to visit a relative in another city.The relative paid a lot for tickets of the magician's show and invited him to watch.
Kevin's father went to the show.During the show, he was totally impressed by the magician's tricks.When the magician took off his mask, the father found Albert was his son Kevin.Everything clicked.Kevin changed his name for fear that his career might bring shame on his family.Staring at the young adult on stage and picturing how hard a life he must have experienced, Kevin's father felt a wave of mixed feelings coming over him.He couldn't wait to hug Kevin and tell him how proud he was to have him as their family member.INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBXYUNIT2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../英YLXZXBXYUNIT2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../英YLXZXBXYUNIT2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../英YLXZXBXYUNIT2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../英YLXZXBXYUNIT2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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　compose　　　deserve　　　whisper
dramatic overcome transform forever
combine folk rural surroundings
guarantee adaptation defend greet
suitable distant stare breath
complicated accompany expectation remarkable
enthusiastic gifted reputation brilliant
extraordinary depress upset possess
abandon variation
　 tear apart，rely on，throw in，for good measure，consist of，get down to (doing) sth.，all of a sudden
　1.as if/though引导方式状语从句
2.形容词(短语)作状语
3.can't/couldn't wait to do sth.
4.状语从句的省略
　动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
　人物介绍类说明文
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[Music types]
concerto n.　　　　 协奏曲
jazz n. 爵士乐
folk music 民间音乐
classic music 古典音乐
pop music 流行音乐
rock music 摇滚乐
rap music 说唱音乐
solo n. 独奏，独唱
adj. 独自的；独唱的，独奏的
variation n. 变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；
变体，变种
[Musical instruments]
violin n. 小提琴
guitar n. 吉他
piano n. 钢琴
cello n. 大提琴
trumpet n. 小号
erhu n. 二胡
flute n.　　　　　　　　长笛
harp n. 竖琴
drum n.　　　　　　 鼓
saxophone n. 萨克斯管
pipa n. 琵琶
bass n. 贝斯
[Musical performers]
musician n.　 音乐家
singer n. 歌手
obligato n. 助唱；助奏
orchestra n. 管弦乐队
band n. 乐队
chorus n. 合唱团
music conductor 音乐指挥家
[Musical backstage staffs]
director n. 导演
producer n. 制片人
photographer n. 摄影师
dresser n. 化妆师
composer n. 作曲家，作曲者
lyricist n. 作词家，歌词作者
technical director 技术总监
stage designer 舞台设计师
话题佳句
1.Moreover, listening to some soft music does relax your mood and give you a new start.
此外，听一些轻音乐确实能使你心情放松，给你一个新的开始。
2.Music is the source of joys and inspiration in life.
音乐在生活中是快乐和灵感的源泉。
3.It was the violin that brought me into the music world and I was totally fascinated by it.
是小提琴把我带到了音乐世界，我完全被它迷住了。
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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What's the main idea of the two emails
A．The introduction to Butterfly Lovers.
B．Understanding culture through the universal language—music.
C．The popularity of country music.
D．The popularity and beauty of music.
答案：B
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1．What can we know about Butterfly Lovers
A．Butterfly Lovers is a violin concerto.
B.Butterfly Lovers is directed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.
C.Butterfly Lovers is performed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.
D.Butterfly Lovers is a beautiful piano performance.
2．What can we know from Alice's email
A．Butterfly Lovers is about a happy love story of a young couple.
B．In the end Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai got married.
C.Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai were schoolmates and loved each other very much.
D．Liang Shanbo's father didn't want them to get married.
3．Who does Harry rely on to introduce some great songs to him
A．His fans.　　　　　 B.His family.
C．His host family. D．His friends.
4．What do we know about the country music
A.Country music is only popular in the south of America.
B．The tunes of country music are hard to sing.
C．Most of the country music is about happy stories.
D.Country music musicians use many similar instruments, such as the guitar.
答案：1～4.ACCD
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Finally, during the most exciting part, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever.(Email 1 Para.2)
[分析]　句中and连接两个并列谓语；“telling us...forever”是动词-ing形式作状语，其中how引导宾语从句。
[翻译]　最后，在最激动人心的部分，音乐变得柔和，以一个苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对恋人如何变成蝴蝶飞走并永远在一起。
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Alice is glad 1.to receive(receive) Lucy's email. She hopes everything is fine with her. Last night, Alice watched Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto 2.composed(compose) by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. The music is a classic story about a young couple who 3.are torn(tear) apart by their families. The music in this performance varies according to the plots of the story. Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese 4.and Western musical elements. The unique 5.combination(combine) has made Alice realize that music is indeed a universal language.
Harry's host family in Nashville are big 6.fans(fan) of country music, so they can introduce some great songs 7.to him. Country music became popular in 8.the 1940s, whose tunes are easy to sing. Most of the songs of country music are about hardship, heartbreak and hope. And country music shows the peaceful green fields and simple life of the countryside. 9.Obviously(obvious), the masters of country music can make people feel like they are in the countryside. So Harry suggests that Stephen 10.(should) listen(listen) to some great country music.
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1．Who is your favorite singer and what is your favorite music
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．What roles do you think music plays in our life
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．What do you think of Alice's opinion that “music is indeed a universal language”？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．symphony n.　 A．布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁，悲伤
2．grave n. B．爵士乐
3．blues n. C．坟墓；死亡，去世
4．tune n. D．拱门；拱
5．jazz n. E．交响乐，交响曲
6．arch n. F．曲调，曲子
答案：1～5.ECAFB　6.D
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．deserve to be heard　　 值得去听
2．whisper to the audience 对观众耳语
3．weep bitterly over the loss of her love
因为失去她的爱人而痛哭
4．overcome with sorrow 悲痛欲绝
5．be together forever 永远在一起
6．folk music 民间音乐
7．in rural America 在美国乡村地区
8．I guarantee you'll enjoy it! 我保证你会喜欢它的！
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composer n．作曲家，作曲者
2．pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的→please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleased adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→pleasure n．高兴(的事)
3．dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的；急剧的→drama n．戏剧→dramatically adv.显著地；剧烈地；戏剧性地
4．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事→sorrowful adj.伤心的，悲伤的；可悲的
5．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n．变化，改观，转变
6．combine vt.& vi.(使) 融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→combination n．组合；结合
7．surroundings n．周围，环境→surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的
8．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→adapt vi.适应；适合；改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的
9．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．保护；防卫
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The little boy tried to tear apart(撕开) the phone book.
2．I've watched him transform into(变成) a complete stranger since then.
3．Wolves rely on(依赖) howling as an important means of communication among each other.
4．No one could have foreseen that things would turn out(结果是) this way.
5．You need to throw in(奉送) another thousand dollars for the tip.
6．The pianist gave a long and varied recital, with a couple of encores for good measure(作为额外增添).
7．We've decided to put on(上演) a short play sometime next week.
8．A series of(一系列) discussion groups has been timetabled for the afternoons.
9．In Havana, school lunches now consist of(包括) a small plate of rice and beans.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．过去分词(短语)作后置定语
Last night, I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang(由何占豪和陈钢创作的).(Email 1 Para.1)
2．as if/though引导方式状语从句
When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as if whispering to the audience(仿佛在对观众耳语). (Email 1 Para.2)
3．because引导原因状语从句
Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated because Zhu's father forces her to marry another man(因为祝英台的父亲强迫她嫁给另一个男人).(Email 1 Para.2)
4．形容词(短语)作状语
Angry and sad(由于愤怒又悲伤), Liang falls sick and dies.(Email 1 Para.2)
5．it作形式主语
It turns out that(原来) country music became popular right here in the south of America in the 1940s and then spread across the nation. (Email 2 Para.2)
6．what引导宾语从句
Obviously I don't know what it's truly like to grow up in rural America(在美国乡村地区长大是什么感觉), but the masters of country music, like John Denver, can make you feel like you're there. (Email 2 Para.3)
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compose vt.& vi.作(曲)；创作；组成，构成；
撰写；使镇静，使平静
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)Last night, I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.
昨天晚上，我看了《梁祝》的演出，它是由何占豪和陈钢创作的一首优美的小提琴协奏曲。
②(外研选必一U4)He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.　他因为为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008年北京奥运会创作音乐而广为人知。
(1)be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of　　　　　　　　
由……组成
(2)compose oneself 使自己镇定
(3)composer n. 作曲家
composition n. 创作；构成；作曲；
作文；作品
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)(北师大必修三U7)Ludwig van Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest composers(compose) in the history of music.
(2)The movie had a famous song titled “Circle of life” which was composed(compose) by Elton John and sung by Tim Rice.
(3)The new play composed of/made up of/consisting of four parts(由四个部分组成的) is very fascinating, each part presenting a different perspective and theme.
(4)尽管很紧张，她深吸了一口气，使自己镇静下来，然后才走上台发表演讲。
She took a deep breath to compose herself，though she was very nervous, before stepping out onto the stage to give her speech.读后续写之情绪描写
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deserve vt.& vi.值得；应得；应受(报答或惩罚)
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)It's a piece that really deserves to be heard.
它是一首真正值得听的乐曲。
②(外研选必一U1)We all deserve a second chance, I guess.
我想我们都应该再有一次机会。
(1)deserve to do sth.值得/应该做某事
deserve doing＝deserve to be done
值得(被)做
(2)deserve attention/consideration/sympathy
值得注意/考虑/同情
deserve blame/punishment
应受责备/惩罚
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)We deserved to win(win) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.[读后续写之主旨升华]
(2)Knowing that you are coming to travel in China this summer vacation, I have made a list of attractions that deserve visiting/to be visited(visit).[应用文写作之推荐信]
(3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)他感到很满意，向我竖起了大拇指，高度赞扬了我的诚实，也感谢我给了他这个小费，但我告诉他这是他应得的。
Satisfied, he gave me a thumbs-up, praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip, but I told him that he deserved it．
[读后续写之动作描写＋情感描写]
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deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need、want、require作“需要”讲时，也有类似的用法。
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whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响
n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
【经典例句】 The news of the promotion was whispered around the office before it was officially announced.　在官方宣布之前，办公室里就已经在私下里传开了晋升的消息。
(1)whisper sth. to sb.　 　 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper (sth.) in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说(某事)
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)They stood in the passage talking about it in a whisper, grinning from ear to ear.[读后续写之动作描写]
(2)Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
(3)为了不被周围的人听见，汤姆在我的耳边低语。
In order not to be heard by people around, Tom whispered in my ear．[读后续写之动作描写]
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overcome vt.(overcame, overcome)
受到……的极大影响；
克服，解决；战胜
【经典例句】 (外研选必一U6)Taking years to complete, the Qinghai-Xizang Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.
青藏铁路历时数年建成，记录了我们为克服最为艰巨的工程方面的挑战付出的所有努力。
overcome the enemy　　　　　　战胜敌人
overcome/get over the difficulties 克服困难
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)(2024·浙江卷1月)She also learned a valuable lesson: sometimes, the only way to overcome(overcome) a challenge is to break it into smaller, more manageable parts.
(2)People of all countries should strive hand in hand to overcome all the challenges (克服所有的挑战) to human survival and protect the ecological environment.
(3)既然你已下定决心克服自己的缺点，现在就行动起来吧。
Now that you have made up your mind to overcome your shortcomings, take action now.
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transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化
【经典例句】 (教材P16)Finally, during the most exciting part, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever.
最后，在最激动人心的部分，音乐变得柔和，以一个苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对恋人如何变成蝴蝶飞走并永远在一起。
(1)transform A into B　　　 把A转换成B
transform from...into... 从……转变成……
(2)transformation n. 改变，变革
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Life in Britain was transformed(transform) by the appearance of the steam engine in the past.
(2)Some children undergo a complete transformation(transform) when they become teenagers.
(3)China's plan to transform Hainan into a free trade port is expected to stimulate local consumption and enhance competitiveness of duty－free products.
(4)他慷慨的帮助和悉心的照顾把我糟糕的旅行变成了一次难忘的回忆。
His generous help and tender care transformed my terrible trip into an unforgettable memory．
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rely on 依赖，依靠；信任
【经典例句】
①(教材P17)My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs.
我的寄宿家庭是乡村音乐的忠实粉丝，所以我可以依靠他们来给我介绍一些很棒的歌曲。
②You can rely on the responsible consultant to help you out, because he is a reliable person.
你可以依靠这个负责任的顾问来帮助你，因为他是一个可靠的人。
（1）rely v.　　　　　 信任，信赖；依赖，依靠
rely on/upon＝depend on＝count on
依靠，依赖
相信/依赖某人做某事
rely on it that...＝depend on it that.../count on it that...
相信/依赖……
（2）reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)(人教选必一U4)Which is a more reliable(rely) guide for understanding someone's feelings, their body language or the words they speak
(2)Awareness of just how much we rely on/upon social media can help us step away from it and communicate with each other better.
(3)你可以相信，当你需要支持时，我一定会在你身边。
→You can rely on me to be there for you when you need support.
→You can rely on my being there for you when you need support.
→You can rely on it that I will be there for you when you need support.
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surroundings n.周围，环境
【经典例句】
①(教材P17)The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings.
简单的曲调和美丽的自然图像常常让人联想到乡村环境。
②Once upon a time, a king who was very polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by tall trees and with wonderful surroundings.
从前，在一个大树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一个国王，他对邻邦十分友好。
(1)surround vt.　　　　　　 包围
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
(2)surrounding adj.　　　 周围的；附近的
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)Sheep, cattle and horses get around the green grass, and the surrounding(surround) forests are home to many birds and other animals.
(2)Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautifulsurroundings(surround).[应用文写作之演讲稿]
(3)I found myself surrounded(surround) by a group of children full of curiosity.
(4)Green trees surround the lake, and it is very beautiful.
→Surrounded by/with green trees，
the lake is very beautiful.(过去分词短语作状语)
→With green trees surrounding it, the lake is very beautiful.(with复合结构)
[读后续写之环境描写]
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surroundings和environment的区别：
(1)surroundings通常指自然环境；
(2)environment可指自然环境，也可指文化环境、社会环境和精神环境，常用单数形式。
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guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提
供保修　n．保证，担保；保修单
【经典例句】
①(教材P17)Why don't you try to listen to some great country music I guarantee you'll enjoy it!
你为什么不试着听一些很棒的乡村音乐呢？我保证你会喜欢它的！
②(外研选必一U2)So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success.
所以，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证成功。
(1)guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.
　　　　　　 　　 向某人保证某事
guarantee to do/that... 保证做……/确保……
guarantee sb.that... 向某人保证……
(2)under guarantee 在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee (that)... 向某人保证……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)If I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be(be) happy, I'd pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).
(2)If there is something wrong with the cellphones while they are still under guarantee, we will repair them free of charge.
(3)努力工作并不是成功的保证，但它是必不可少的条件之一。
Working hard is not a guarantee of success, but it is among the essential requirements.[应用文写作之建议信]
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adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应
【经典例句】
①(教材P19)The musical piece, an adaptation of Xian Xinghai's Yellow River Cantata，tells how the Chinese people, led by the Communist Party of China, fought to overcome the Japanese invaders.
这部音乐剧改编自冼星海的《黄河大合唱》，讲述了中国人民在中国共产党的领导下战胜日本侵略者的故事。
②(外研选必一U5)Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
也许动物在适应环境的变化时也逐渐进化了？
(1)make an adaptation to 适应……
(2)adapt vi. (使)适应；(使)适合
vt. 改编；修改
adapt (oneself) to... (使自己)适应……
adapt...for... 把……改编成……
adapt from... 改编自……
(3)adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2024·浙江卷1月)Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure is/was adapted(adapt) by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.
(2)I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play adapted(adapt) from our English text.应用文写作之求助信
(3)Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation(adapt) to the new culture.
(4) 在纽约一年的时间里，要不是你的帮助，我不可能这么快就适应新环境。
But for your help during my one year's stay in New York, I wouldn't have adapted (myself) to the new environment so quickly.[应用文写作之感谢信]
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consist of 由……组成(或构成)；包括
【经典例句】
①The breakfast, consisting of porridge and sandwich, smelt extremely delicious.
早餐由粥和三明治组成，闻起来美味极了。
②Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggles.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality.
生活主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐和悲伤则存在于努力中。 记住，你的理想生活并不总是与现实一致。
consist in＝lie in　　　 存在于；在于
consist with... 与……一致/相符
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)This doesn't consist with what you told me earlier.
(2)The Summer Palace is a famous tourist attraction consisting(consist) of Kunming Lake, Wanshou Hill and the 17－arch Bridge.
(3)大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。
It is universally acknowledged that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms．读后续写之主旨升华
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consist of、belong to、come into being等动词短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。
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defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解；(在比赛中)防守
【经典例句】
①(北师大选必一U1)Bullies pick easy targets—people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend.　恃强凌弱的人选择容易(攻击)的目标——那些不属于同龄人群体、同龄人群体不太可能保护的人。
②(人教必修二U4)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.　像拥有同样的货币和军事国防一样，它们也使用同一面国旗，即联合王国国旗。
(1)defend...from/against... 保护……免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)defence n. 防御；保护；保卫
in defence (of...) 保护；保卫；(为……)辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in defence(defend) of their country.
(2)It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from/against harm and danger.
(3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护他的儿子。
→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed to defend his son like an arrow.(defend v．)
→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed in defence of his son like an arrow.(defence n．)[读后续写之动作描写]
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as if/though引导方式状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻快悦耳，仿佛在对观众耳语。
②(外研选必一U2)Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind.
善待你的双眼，就像明天你就要失明一样。
(1)as if/though意为“好像、似乎、仿佛”，引导方式状语从句，还可引导表语从句；
(2)若as if/though引导的从句中的内容为非真实情况，从句通常用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词的形式有：
①表示与现在事实相反→一般过去时
②表示与过去事实相反→had＋过去分词
③表示将来的可能性不大→would/might/could＋动词原形
(3)如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略“从句主语＋be”。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修三U1)After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were(be) eagles.
(2)He opened his mouth as though he would/might/could say(say) something important, but then he closed it again without uttering a word.
(3)She walked here and there on the playground as if looking(look) for something she had lost.读后续写之动作描写
(4)尽管戴维在几公里内被绊倒了，但他坚持跑步，就好像他已经忘记了自己所有的弱点。
David insisted on running as if/though he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he tripped over within a few kilometres.读后续写之细节描写
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如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子不用虚拟语气。
*Hurry up! It looks as if/though the train is going to move.　快点！看起来火车好像要开了。
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形容词(短语)作状语
【经典例句】
①(教材P16)Angry and sad, Liang falls sick and dies.
由于愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯忧郁而死。
②(北师大选必一U3)How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？
用法归纳 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开
注意事项 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(外研必修三U1)Disappointed(disappoint) by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.
(2)(2023·全国甲卷)Different(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
(3)After a long day of work, he went home, exhausted(exhaust).
(4)他的双腿一软，大脑一片空白，然后倒在了地上，失去了知觉。
His legs collapsed, his mind went blank, and he fell to the ground, unconscious．
[读后续写之动作描写]
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee(保证) of quality.
2．It is essential that he should get some reliable information before making inferences.
3．He had to whisper in order to avoid being overheard by their noisy neighbors.
4．The hotel combines(结合) comfort with convenience.
5．Humans have an amazing ability to adapt(适应) to new environments, allowing them to survive in a wide range of conditions.
6．The soldier deserves(值得) to be respected for his acts of bravery.
7．Mozart，who composed a large number of famous pieces during his lifetime, finished his last opera shortly before he died.
8．To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack decided to take Chinese folk(民间的) music as an elective course.
9．With determination and hard work, we will overcome(克服) all the challenges that stand in our way and achieve our goals.
10．Maybe debate is going to be less pleasant(令人愉快的), but it will always be more productive.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．As young people, we can't always rely on(依靠别人) others for food.
2．It seemed to me that you were deep in thought(沉思).
3．Water can transform a desert into a garden(把沙漠变成花园).
4．If you buy this old house, we will give you all the furniture for good measure(作为额外增添).
5．Not only has she adapted to the fast-paced lifestyle(适应快节奏的生活方式) in the big city, but she is becoming more and more outgoing.
6．His parents were overcome with great sorrow (悲痛欲绝) at his grandpa's funeral.
7．Studies show that factory farms can tear apart rural communities(使农村社区分裂).
8．Like her mother Marie Curie, Irene combined/combines family with career(把家庭和事业结合在一起).
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
First, music is good for children's intelligence 1.because their brains get stimulated (因为他们的大脑受到刺激；because引导原因状语从句) by the rhythm and tone of music 2.when they are listening to music(当他们在听音乐时；when引导时间状语从句). Studies have proved that children who learn music are likely to have higher intelligence than those who have no interest in or dislike music. 3.It has been proved that(已经证明；it作形式主语) music can improve children's moods. Some children are sad by nature. They seem to be lost in their own thoughts and don't take interest in their surroundings. In such cases, 4.a method known as “music therapy”[一种被称作“音乐治疗”的方法；过去分词(短语)作后置定语] comes to their rescue. It changes their moods and places a new kind of spirit in them.Period 3　Writing
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写作一　应用文写作(人物介绍类说明文)
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假定你是李华，请以“我最喜欢的歌手”为题，写一篇文章向英语报投稿。写作要点如下：
1.韩红是中国最受欢迎的歌手之一；
2.她不仅是一个歌手，还是一个慈善家，热衷于慈善事业，热心帮助那些需要帮助的人；
3.我将以她为榜样。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
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INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../step2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../step2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../step2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../step2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　遣词造句
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[第一段]　介绍自己最喜爱的歌手
1．中国最受欢迎的歌手之一韩红是我最喜欢和最尊敬的歌手。
Han Hong, one of the most popular singers in China, is my favourite and most respectable singer．
[第二段]　介绍歌手并点明受人喜爱的原因
2．她能唱不同风格的歌曲，从流行音乐到中国民间音乐。
She is able to sing songs of different styles, and they range from popular music to Chinese folk music．
3.她不仅以歌手的身份出名，而且还热衷于慈善事业。
She is not only famous as a singer but also keen on charity．
4．她在音乐方面取得了巨大的成功，演唱了数百首歌曲，其中大多数在全国都很受欢迎。
She has achieved great success in music, singing hundreds of songs, and most of them are very popular all over the country.
5．最重要的是，她慷慨热情。她致力于帮助那些需要帮助的人，对此我非常钦佩她。
Most importantly, she is generous and warm－hearted. She is devoted to helping those in need, for which I admire her a lot.
[第三段]　总结评价歌手
6．韩红热爱唱歌并且心地善良，她为我树立了榜样，我将向她学习。
Han Hong loves singing and is very kind, setting an example for me and I will learn from her.
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7．[读教材原句]　(教材P20)When Boya continued playing, Zhong Ziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly.
[记句式]　动词－ing形式作后置定语
[学仿写]　用动词-ing形式作后置定语改写句2
She is able to sing songs of different styles, ranging from popular music to Chinese folk music.
8．[读教材原句]　(教材P6)Not only is cooking at home cheaper, but I can cook exactly what I want.
[记句式]　倒装句
[学仿写]　用倒装句改写句3
Not only is she famous as a singer, but she is also keen on charity.
9．[读教材原句]　(教材P2)Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood.
[记句式]　which引导非限制性定语
[学仿写]　用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句4
She has achieved great success in music, singing hundreds of songs, most of which are very popular all over the country.
10．[读教材原句]　(教材P12)In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea？”has become the local version of “Good morning”．
[记句式]　“so/such...that...”句型
[学仿写]　用“so/such...that...”句型改写句5
Most importantly, she is so generous and warm-hearted that she is devoted to helping those in need, for which I admire her a lot.
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
My Favourite Singer
Han Hong, one of the most popular singers in China, is my favourite and most respectable singer.
She is able to sing songs of different styles, ranging from popular music to Chinese folk music. Not only is she famous as a singer, but she is also keen on charity.She has achieved great success in music, singing hundreds of songs, most of which are very popular all over the country.Most importantly, she is so generous and warm-hearted that she is devoted to helping those in need, for which I admire her a lot.
Han Hong loves singing and is very kind, setting an example for me and I will learn from her.
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第一段
开门见山，简要介绍人物的个人信息
1.Born on 10 December, 1960, Lang Ping is generally acknowledged to be a remarkable volleyball coach.
郎平出生于1960年12月10日，被广泛认为是一位杰出的排球教练。
2.Known as a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was born in 1518.
李时珍生于1518年，是明代著名的医学家。
3.Having a gift for writing, he made up his mind to become a writer when he grew up.
他有写作的天赋，下定决心长大后要成为一名作家。
第二段
介绍人物的经历、事迹以及取得的成就
1.She studied at a local high school and graduated from Peking University.
她曾就读于当地一所高中，毕业于北京大学。
2.In order to finish the task, he visited mountains, called on ordinary people, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments by himself.
为了完成这项任务，他翻山越岭，走访百姓，品尝各种药草，甚至亲自做实验。
3.It took him 37 years to finish the task, and his book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
他花了37年才完成这一任务，他的著作被认为对中医药的发展作出了巨大贡献。
4.He got an award in 1998 for having played an important part in scientific research.
由于在科学研究中发挥了重要作用，他于1998年获奖。
5.After graduating from Xi'an Jiaotong University, he received a doctor's degree in computer science.
从西安交通大学毕业后，他获得了计算机科学博士学位。
第三段
简要评价人物
1.She will be in the hearts of the people forever.　她将永远活在人民的心中。
2.She devoted her whole life to scientific research and her scientific findings benefited people all over the world.
她毕生致力于科学研究，她的科学成果造福了全世界人民。
3.Madame Curie made great contributions to the development of science, which paved the way for further research.
居里夫人对科学的发展作出了巨大的贡献，为进一步的研究铺平了道路。
写作二　场景微续写(迷途知返)
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词汇积累 [人物描写]　efficient, obey, cancer, fantasy, available, crime, artificial, occupation, deceased, absence, career, librarian[情感描写]　distant, secure, preference, abnormal, critical[动作描写]　persuade, switch off/on, integrate, command, leak, detect, catch fire, combine, predict, oppose, cease, advocate, resist, keep in touch (with...)
佳句积累 [排比]　1.These smart homes will keep us secure，save us energy，and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.2.Today，we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners.[拟人]　They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness.[主旨升华]　Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
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[场景呈现]　汤姆沉迷于网络游戏的虚拟世界，这对他的学习产生了负面影响。他频繁缺课，偏爱游戏，导致学习成绩大幅下滑。他的行为变得异常，并与朋友和家人疏远。尽管他们努力与他保持联系，汤姆却反对他们的建议，继续长时间沉迷于屏幕前。然而，他的老师并没有放弃他。她主张他应该有平衡的生活方式，并敦促他抵制游戏的诱惑。通过持续的引导，汤姆开始意识到自己行为的后果。在老师的支持下，汤姆重拾信心，提高了他的成绩，证明了只要有决心和正确的引导，改变是可能的。
Tom 1.became so addicted to artificial worlds in online games that it negatively affected his studies(so...that...). 2.His frequent absence from classes and preference for gaming led to a significant drop in his academic performance. His behavior 3.became abnormal, and he 4.grew distant from his friends and family. Despite their efforts 5.to keep in touch with him(动词不定式短语作后置定语), Tom 6.was opposed to their advice and continued to spend hours in front of the screen. His teacher, however, did not give up on him. She 7.advocated that he (should) have a balanced lifestyle(虚拟语气) and 8.urged him to resist the temptation of gaming. Through persistent guidance, Tom began to understand the consequences of his actions. With his teacher's support, Tom regained his confidence and improved his grades, proving that change is possible with determination and the right guidance.
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短语必记
1.as stubborn as a mule　　 像驴一样固执
2.rigid attitudes 固执的态度
3.persist in/insist on 坚持
4.be in denial 否认
5.hard nut to crack 难啃的骨头
6.stick to one's opinion 固执己见
必背金句
1.No matter how much evidence is presented to the contrary, he sticks to his opinion stubbornly.
无论提出多少相反的证据，他都顽固地坚持自己的观点。
2.She never yields in an argument, always convinced that her viewpoint is the only correct one.
她在争论中从不让步，始终坚信自己的观点是唯一正确的。
3.Even when faced with failure, he refuses to adjust his approach, insisting on doing things his way.
即使面对失败，他也拒绝调整方法，坚持按自己的方式行事。
4.It's almost impossible to have a discussion with him because he won't listen to reason.
几乎不可能与他展开讨论，因为他听不进道理。
5.Rather than accepting help or advice, she digs her heels in and insists on solving problems alone.
她不接受帮助或建议，而是一意孤行，并且坚持独自解决问题。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Students in possession(possess) of good time－management skills are more likely to perform well in universities.
2．(北师大选必一U1)Extroverts are people who look outwards.They are friendly，sociable, talkative, enthusiastic(enthusiasm) and self-confident.
3．Hearing the news, Bob rushed out, leaving the book open on the table, and disappeared into the distance(distant).
4．Bill hosted the Academy Awards again this year, and his performance always lived up to the expectations(expect) of most audience.
5．With nobody accompanying(accompany) her during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the old lady felt lonely.
6．Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression(depress) and even crimes.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．You deserve to have(have) a rest after all that hard work.
2．He was upset about/at/over the failure in the contest, which made him awake all night.
3．The video got thousands of clicks and reviews within hours，which was totally beyond our expectations.
4．The course is suitable for both beginners and advanced students.
5．Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.
6．The place, once a small town, has been transformed into a modern city.
维度三　完成句子
1．(人教选必一U1)在那里工作时，出于对知识的强烈热爱，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。
While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.
2．你可以让别人觉得放松，但你自己好像并没有发现这一优点。
You're capable of putting people at ease, but it seems that you are unconscious of this advantage.
3．让他不高兴的是没有人告诉他真相。
It upsets him that nobody tells him the truth.
4．到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了10个单元。
By the end of last term we had learnt 10 units.
5．在国外待了两年后，他迫不及待地想回家。
Having stayed abroad for two years, he couldn't wait to return home．
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自北师大必修三U7】
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing.Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera! He proceeded with the composition until his death in 1827, writing more than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
One day in February 1824, at his little house in Vienna, Austria, Ludwig van Beethoven sat back in his chair and smiled.The famous German composer's ninth symphony was finally completed.Writing the piece had taken several years, and now the final notes had been added to the score.At 54 years of age, he didn't know that this would be his last symphony.As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.
Before the performance, the backstage atmosphere at a very famous theatre in Vienna was tense.Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster.After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius
The audience did not hesitate to applaud loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years.The theatre's musical director，Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took charge of the orchestra. For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra, waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score. The whole time, Umlauf stood quietly by his side, skilfully guiding the orchestra through the most amazing piece of music the world had ever known.
1．What big challenge did Beethoven face when he composed Symphony No.9 in D minor
A.He was blind.　　　
B．He was unable to walk.
C．He was deaf.　　　　　
D．He was dumb.
2．Where did Beethoven compose his Symphony No.9 in D minor
A．In Germany.　　　 B．In Canada.
C．In France. D．In Austria.
3．How did Beethoven feel when he completed the ninth symphony
A．Happy.　　　　　　　 B．Cautious.
C．Serious.　 D．Bored.
4．What did Beethoven do after he lost his hearing
A．He lost his heart.
B．He stopped writing music pieces.
C．He never gave in.
D．He went to see a doctor.
答案：1～4.CDAC
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
What are two things that make humans different from animals？One is language and the other is music.It's true that some animals can sing.However，the songs of animals like birds are very limited.It's also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments.
Music is a strange thing.It's clearly different from language.However，people can use music to communicate things—especially their emotions (情感).When music is combined with speech in a song, it's a very powerful form of communication.
If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific study suggests this is true.For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer, had a stroke (中风) in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability，but they can still speak and understand speech.
Why does music have such a strong effect on us physically and emotionally？That's a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires special talent, practice and physical ability.That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's mate.For example, playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remember the notes.And playing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves, it may be a way of showing off.
However, Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists, this is clearly an area that needs further research.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了音乐对人的情感和身心的重要性以及与音乐相关的研究。
1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To introduce the main topic.
B．To show the author's attitude.
C．To analyze causes.
D．To describe a process.
A　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了语言和音乐对人的影响。第一段概括说明音乐是将人与动物区分开来的特点之一，引出全文要讨论的话题。
2．Music is considered powerful when it ________．
A．is translated into a language
B．is combined with speech in a song
C．is sung by some famous musicians
D．is mixed with the cry of an animal
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When music is combined with speech in a song, it's a very powerful form of communication.”可知，作者觉得音乐与歌词相结合时，就变得有力量。
3．What is the purpose of mentioning the example of Vissarion Shebalin
A．To show he is one of the luckiest people.
B．To show he is really interested in composing music.
C.To show the brain processes music and language separately.
D．To show music and language are two different things for some.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If music is truly different from speech...The scientific study suggests this is true.”可知，此处举例是为了说明大脑是分开处理语言和音乐的。
4．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A．Effects of music on humans.
B．A study on how music works.
C．Reasons why music affects us.
D．Ways of using music in daily life.
C　解析：段落大意题。根据该段主题句“Why does music have such a strong effect on us physically and emotionally？That's a harder question to answer.”可推知，此段主要介绍为什么音乐能对我们的身体和情感产生影响。
B
A company, called Mario Cucinella Architects, has made the House of Music, a solar－powered (太阳能的) building in Pieve di Cento that celebrates the town's long－standing musical tradition. Designed to represent an orchestra, the building is made up of nine small music rooms that connect to a central open space. The curved oak front not only helps to make sound louder like an instrument's music box, but also ensures high levels of energy efficiency (能源效率).
Finished in 2017 after four years of planning and building, the House of Music of Pieve di Cento is located in the former Lamborghini (a famous Italian car company) production area that had been changed into a park. The recently completed building gets an advantage from a cycling path that connects the House of Music to the town center and beyond to an area to the south. There is also a wooden bench running around the building and creating resting places facing the park.
To prevent heat, cold, or noise from passing through the building, Mario Cucinella Architects used a special design for the House of Music. The flat roofs (屋顶) are topped with a series of curved and raised disks (圆盘) that help make unwanted sunlight change its direction and are engineered to bring more natural air into the building. The energy－efficient design was influenced by the architects' study of the site.
The nine music rooms open up to a central outdoor space that serves as a meeting area. The architects noted, “The House of Music's outside lighting makes it a comforting place that encourages people to continue to do musical activities after the earthquake that shook the area in 2012.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个独特的太阳能音乐厅。
5．What was the purpose of building the House of Music
A．To praise the town's musical tradition.
B．To remember a famous local musician.
C．To attract people outside the town to visit.
D．To tell people about the importance of music.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A company...celebrates the town's long－standing musical tradition.”可知，建造这个音乐厅是为了弘扬当地的音乐传统。
6．What do we know about the House of Music
A．It started to be built in 2017.
B．It is located in the town center.
C．It is supported by a famous car producer.
D．It is connected with other areas by a cycling path.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The recently completed building...and beyond to an area to the south.”可知，一条自行车道将音乐厅与小镇中心和南部某区连接了起来。
7．Why did the architects design the lighting
A．In order to encourage people to keep up their musical activities.
B．In order to warn people of the danger of earthquakes.
C.In order to make the building noticeable and attractive.
D．In order to make full use of energy.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The House of Music's outside lighting...after the earthquake that shook the area in 2012.”可知，设计师对该建筑的独特外部灯光设计是为了鼓励人们在经历地震之后继续参与音乐活动。
8．What is this passage mainly about
A．The history of the House of Music.
B．The advantages of solar－powered buildings.
C．An introduction to the solar－powered House of Music.
D．A discussion about the future development of solar－powered buildings.
C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章向读者介绍了一个独特的太阳能音乐厅。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I was 11 years old when I asked my mum for piano lessons.We were in the fallout of the recession(经济衰退) and she'd recently been __1__．She said a polite “no”．
That didn't __2__ me.I searched the Internet for the dimensions of a __3__， and drew the keys onto a piece of paper.I would click notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one—keeping the __4__ they made on the computer in my head.I spent six months practicing without touching a real piano.Eventually，my mum __5__ some money from relatives, and bought me 10 lessons.
By the time I started secondary school, we couldn't __6__ lessons again, so I returned to my paper keyboard.Later, the head of music at my school said I could__7__ on the school's piano. I would __8__ at 5：30 am to get there in time and play __9__ lessons started.I'd skip lunch and then practice after school until the caretaker kicked me out.
I am now at the Guildhall School in London, where I was __10__ a scholarship. I feel __11__：I'm at one of the world's leading music schools.
The interesting thing is that I __12__ to do a lot of my practice away from the piano：what we call __13__ practice.It unlocks key areas of the mind that are less readily __14__ by piano playing alone.The paper piano helped arouse (激发) my __15__ about how music works.I try to inspire that same curiosity in my own students.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候家里条件不好，没有钱上钢琴课，于是他自己画了纸键盘来练习钢琴。后来作者通过自己的努力，最终进入了一所世界顶尖的音乐学院。
1．A.fined　　　　 B．refused
C．blamed D．fired
D　解析：根据上文“We were in the fallout of the recession”以及下文母亲拒绝给作者报钢琴课可推知，母亲被解雇(fire)了。
2．A.frighten B．disturb
C．discourage D．surprise
C　解析：根据下文作者自制纸键盘可知，母亲的拒绝没有打消(discourage)作者学习钢琴的想法。
3．A.keyboard B．computer
C．piano D．note
A　解析：根据下文on an online keyboard以及on my paper one可知，作者在网上搜索钢琴键(keyboard)的尺寸。
4．A.movement B．sound
C．feel D．picture
B　解析：根据上文“I would click notes on an online keyboard and ‘play’ them back on my paper one”可知，作者用网上的钢琴键弹奏音符，所以是把声音(sound)记在脑海里。
5．A.saved B．borrowed
C．earned D．begged
B　解析：根据上文语境及下文from relatives可知，母亲从亲戚那里借了(borrow)一些钱给作者买了10节钢琴课。
6．A.afford B．prepare
C．demand D．choose
A　解析：根据下文again以及“I returned to my paper keyboard”可知，作者读初中时，又因不能负担得起(afford)钢琴课而只能继续在纸键盘上练习。
7．A.perform B．practice
C．plan D．start
B　解析：根据下文“then practice after school”可知，学校的音乐系主任允许作者在学校的钢琴上练习(practice)。
8．A.check out B．work out
C．wake up D．show up
C　解析：根据语境可知，作者为借用学校钢琴练习，每天早上五点半醒来(wake up)赶去学校。
9．A.until B．after
C．unless D．since
A　解析：根据语境可知，作者每天练习钢琴一直到(until)上课。
10．A.offered B．owed
C．served D．shown
A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者在现在的学校获得了学校提供(offer)的奖学金。
11．A.confident B．stressed
C．worried D．proud
D　解析：根据下文“I'm at one of the world's leading music schools”及语境可知，作者进入了世界顶尖的音乐学院，并获得奖学金。由此可知，作者为自己感到骄傲(proud)。
12．A.learn B．remember
C．continue D．manage
C　解析：根据语境可知，作者继续(continue)练习。
13．A.traditional B．spiritual
C．experimental D．mental
D　解析：根据下文“It unlocks key areas of the mind”可知，作者是在头脑里(mental)练习。
14．A.connected B．recognized
C．accessed D．covered
C　解析：在头脑里练习这种方式打开了大脑的关键区域，而这些区域只弹钢琴很难达到(access)。
15．A.interest B．expectation
C．concern D．curiosity
D　解析：根据下文that same curiosity可知，纸键盘激发了作者对音乐的演奏方式的好奇心(curiosity)。
Ⅲ.语法填空
As the saying goes, “Laughter is the best medicine.” In troubling times, good humour is in need more than ever.Medical staff are including it in 1.____________(they) care treatments.One product of this kind is the healthcare clown around the globe.There is even 2.____________ organization that sets standards.The European Federation of Healthcare Clown Organizations 3.__________(found) in 2011.It says, “Healthcare clowns, 4.____________ make contact through humour, bring moments of happiness to children and some adults with illnesses or special needs.”
After a special ward (病房) opened in Jerusalem, one healthcare clown decided to help patients by 5.____________(use) her humour.She wanted to cheer the patients up, reduce their 6.____________(anxious) and improve their health.She enjoyed working alongside doctors and said, “7.____________(obvious), the doctors take care of the body and we come in and take care of the soul.”
Healthcare clowns are carefully chosen.Professional 8.____________(performer) have to receive special training before working with children in the healthcare environment.“I can see close up the effect the clowns have 9.____________ sick children.They help the patients have a good mood.It's necessary for the public
10．____________(realize) the role of healthcare clowns，” a doctor said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了医务人员正在将愉快的心情纳入他们的护理治疗及保健小丑的作用和重要性。
1．their　解析：考查代词。空处修饰名词短语care treatments，应用形容词性物主代词their。
2．an　解析：考查冠词。空后organization为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且organization以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
3．was founded　解析：考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据时间状语in 2011可知，本空应用一般过去时；且句子主语The European Federation of Healthcare Clown Organizations是一个组织，为单数，且和动词found之间为被动关系，应用was founded。
4．who　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Healthcare clowns，在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who。
5．using　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前介词by可知，空处应用动词-ing形式。
6．anxiety　解析：考查名词。空处在句中作动词reduce的宾语，且其前有形容词性物主代词their，应用名词anxiety。
7．Obviously　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰后面整句话，应用副词形式。注意单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
8．performers　解析：考查名词复数。根据空后谓语动词have可知，空处应用名词复数形式。
9．on/upon　解析：考查介词。have an effect on/upon sb.为固定搭配，意为“对某人产生影响”，应用介词on或upon。
10．to realize　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“It is＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth.”句型，意为“做某事对于某人来说是……的”，It作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the main idea of the passage
A．Introduction to Beethoven's classical works.
B．Introduction to Beethoven's remarkable life and Symphony No.9.
C．Introduction to Beethoven's hard life.
D．Introduction to Beethoven's musical talent.
答案：B
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1．What do we know about the first－ever performance of Beethoven's Symphony No.9
A．The audience thought it was nothing special.
B.Although Beethoven was deaf, he was aware of the audience's response.
C．The performance was not attractive to the audience.
D.The audience all showed appreciation of Beethoven's masterwork.
2．Why was Beethoven unaware of the audience's response when finishing his performance in Vienna
A．He was almost completely deaf at that time.
B．He saw the audience's response to it.
C．He was depressed at his illness.
D．One of the singers turned him around to face the crowd.
3．What does the author mean by saying “However, life took a sharp turn.”？
A．Beethoven didn't want to continue with music career again.
B．Many important musicians didn't like him and his works.
C．Beethoven's health began to suffer from a big problem.
D．Beethoven began to change his composing style.
4．Which words can best describe Beethoven's character
A．Easygoing and charming.
B．Kind and enthusiastic.
C．Ambitious and committed.
D．Gifted and determined.
答案：1～4.DACD
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As a 1.gifted(gift) child, Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music, and not long after, he began to 2.be appreciated(appreciate) for his piano performances. By the time he was a teenager, he 3.had enjoyed(enjoy) a reputation as a wonderful young musician. However, in his late 4.twenties(twenty), Beethoven started to suffer the loss of his hearing, which 5.deeply(deep) depressed him. Even in his darkest moments, however, Beethoven never abandoned hope. 6.Despite his hearing loss, he 7.was determined(determine) to find a way to continue composing music at the piano. At last he finished his last major piece of music: Symphony No.9. On 7 May 1824, the first－ever 8.performance(perform) of it got a big success! Beethoven is considered 9.as one of the most remarkable musicians 10.who ever lived.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．solar adj.　 A．音量，响度；体积，
容积，容量；量，额
2．recording n. B．鱼贯而行，涌动；流，流动
3．volume n. C．吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧
4．grab vt.& vi. D．天赋，天资；天才
5．disc n. E．不寻常的，非凡的；
意想不到的，令人惊奇的
6．stream vi.& vt. F．合唱曲；副歌；合唱团
7．handkerchief n. G．令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的
8．vast adj. H．太阳的；太阳能的
9．extraordinary adj. I．唱片；光碟，光盘；
圆盘，圆片
10．uplifting adj. J．录音，视频；录制；
记录，记载
11．genius n. K．手帕，纸巾
12．chorus n. L．宏大的，宏伟的；
壮丽的，堂皇的
13．grand adj. M．大量的，辽阔的，巨大的
答案：1～5.HJACI　6～10.BKMEG
11～13.DFL
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a river flowing quickly　 一条快速流动的河
2．stare at the radio 盯着收音机看
3．be swept along on waves of joyous rock and roll music
被欢快的摇滚乐的浪潮席卷
4．complicated and progressive sounds
复杂渐进的声音
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→greeting n．问候，招呼
2．suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→suit v．合适；适合；使适宜 n．一套衣服；套装
3．distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→distance v．(使)与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 n.距离　
4．breath n.呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
5．unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的；独特的，与众不同的→(反义词)usual adj.通常的→usually adv.通常地
6．accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏→company n．陪伴；公司
7．expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望 →expect v．预料；期待；期望；认为
8．remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的→remark n．& v．谈论；评论
9．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的→enthusiasm n．热情；热心
10．gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的→gift n．天赋，才华；礼物
11．reputation n．名誉，名声→reputable adj.声誉好的；值得信赖的
12．brilliant adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的→brilliantly adv.灿烂地；辉煌地
13．prediction n．预言，预测→predict vt.预测；预言；预料
14．depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depression n．沮丧；消沉；萧条
15．upset adj.难过的，失望的 vt.使烦恼；搅乱；打翻→upsetting adj.令人心烦的
16．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→possession n．[U]拥有，占有；(pl.)所有物，财产
17．abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；废弃的
18．desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的→desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地；极度地→desperation n．绝望的境地；拼命；急需，渴求
19．ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地
20．variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种→vary vt.变化，不同；改变→various adj.不同的，各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The main purpose of foreign students learning Chinese is to be capable of(有能力) communication in Chinese.
2．She had sent out(发出) more than four hundred invitations that afternoon.
3．When we got down to(开始做) the job, we encountered many difficulties.
4．No matter how often they turn up(出现), their welcome never wears out.
5．It is not polite to stare at(盯着看) a stranger in such an occasion.
6．In fact he has been unaware of(没意识到) the real challenges he is faced with.
7．The process to study should be full of(充满) imagination, exploration and experience.
8．The forest's dense growth provides nesting places for a variety of(各种各样的) birds.
9．All of a sudden(突然) there was a terrific bang and a flash of smoke.
10．The question was so easy that I could answer it with ease(轻而易举地).
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“can't/couldn't wait to do sth.”意为“迫不及待做某事”
Yes, I was their biggest fan and I couldn't wait to hear(迫不及待地听) this song again and again until it became my favourite song from my favourite band.
2．by the time引导时间状语从句
By the time he was a teenager(青少年时期), he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.(Para.2)
3．keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
He was so upset that, at first, he wanted to keep it a secret(保守秘密).(Para.3)
[分析]　此句中还含有“so...that...”句型，that引导状语从句。
4．状语从句的省略
When composing music at the piano(在钢琴上作曲时), he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes.(Para.3)
[分析]　此句中so that引导状语从句。
5．动词-ing形式作结果状语
The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease, showing his genius as a composer(显示了他作为作曲家的天赋).(Para.4)
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greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼；迎接
【经典例句】 (教材P21)The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space(if there is any).
这首音乐是作为一种通用语言来迎接太空中的智慧生命(如果有的话)。
(1)greet sb. with...　 用……迎接某人；
用……向某人打招呼
(2)greeting n. (常用复数形式)
问候；祝贺；贺词
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)During the festival, we visit the elder and relatives to give our greetings(greet) and best wishes.
(2)When our teacher came into the classroom, we greeted him with a “Good morning”．
(3)当她在街上看到我们时，她微笑着向我们打招呼。
She greeted us with a smile when she saw us in the street.
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get down to (doing) sth. 开始做某事，开
　　　　　　　　始认真注意(或对待)某事
【经典例句】 (教材P21)A group of scientists and artists got down to choosing suitable music.
一群科学家和艺术家开始挑选合适的音乐。
get away with　　　 侥幸成功；逃脱处罚
get along/on with 事情进展；相处
get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)
get rid of 去掉；摆脱
get through 通过；接通(电话)；完成
get over 克服(困难等)；恢复
get across 传达，解释清楚
【单句语法填空】
(1)If you cheat in the exam, you could hardly get away with it.
(2)In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others.
(3)I rang him several times this morning but could not get through to him.
(4)I don't know how we're going to get over this problem.
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suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的
【经典例句】
①(人教必修一U1)The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese.
学校的指导老师帮助我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。
②(北师大选必一U3)Do whichever of these things that suit you.
做任何适合你的事情。
(1)be suitable for...　　　 适合于……
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
(2)suit n. 一套外衣；套装
vt. 适合；使适宜
suit...to... 使……适合……
suit one's needs 适合某人的需求
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.
(2)I think working in a team is suitable(suit) for me, because I believe “two heads are better than one”．
(3)我确信自己适合这项志愿者工作，因为我精通英语。
→I do believe I am suitable for this voluntary work, because I have a good knowledge of English.
→I do believe this voluntary work suits me, because I have a good knowledge of English.[应用文写作之申请信]
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distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；疏远的；
冷淡的；远亲的；心不在焉的
【经典例句】
①(教材P21)We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.
我们不知道最后会发生什么，但也许有一天琴的声音可以在遥远的星球上被听到。
②(外研选必一U5)The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”．
“猎犬号”的船长希望找到一个“借此机会游历遥远而鲜为人知的国度并从中受益”的人。
(1)be/become distant from 离……遥远
(2)distance n. 距离；远处；远方
in the distance 在远处
at a distance 从远处，离一段距离
at a distance of 在……距离处
within walking distance 在步行距离内；
步行就能到
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定距离
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)We could see nothing in the thick fog at a distance of five meters，so we got lost on the way home.读后续写之场景描写
(2)Small and distant from the cities though my hometown is, there is always something different to catch your eye.
(3)I saw some children waving to the foreign guests in the distance(在远处)，but I couldn't see them clearly.
(4)You can also visit the city museum, which is within walking distance of the hotel where you stay(从你住的酒店步行就能到).[应用文写作之推荐信]
(5)了解玛丽很难，因为她总是与每个人都保持一定距离。
It is very difficult to get to know Mary because she always keeps everyone at a distance．[应用文写作之人物介绍]
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stare vi.盯着看，凝视，注视
n．盯，凝视，注视
【经典例句】 (教材P23)I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio, holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song.
我把音量调大，站在那里盯着收音机，屏住呼吸，等待这首歌曲的第一声旋律。
stare at　　　　　　　　　 凝视；盯着看
stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人
【完成句子】
(1)她盯着天花板，无法入睡，想着她的问题。
She stared at the ceiling, unable to sleep, thinking about her problems.
(2)她上下打量着我，好像不认识我似的。
She stared me up and down as if she didn't know me.
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breath n.呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象
【经典例句】 The breathtaking view from the top of the mountain left us speechless, breath taken away by its beauty.
山顶上的壮丽景色让我们惊叹不已，它的美丽让我们屏住了呼吸。
(1)hold one's breath　　　 屏住呼吸
lose one's breath 喘不过气来
take a deep breath 深呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
(2)breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸；呼出
breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负，松了一口气
【单句语法填空/补全句子】
(1)The thin air on the top of the mountain was hard to breathe(breathe).
(2)He climbed to the peak of the mountain and lost his breath(喘不过气来).
(3)Running all the way to school, Mary was out of breath(上气不接下气) when she reached her classroom.
(4)He took a deep breath(深呼吸), and began to climb the stairs.
(5) Hiding behind the door, the little boy held his breath(屏住呼吸) for fear of being found.读后续写之动作描写
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accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……
同时发生；为……伴奏
【经典例句】
①(人教选必一U3)Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
由于驯鹿总是在迁徙，萨米人会收拾起他们的帐篷并一路跟着它们。
②(2023·全国甲卷)From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.
特里今年26岁，从6岁起，她就在学校放假期间陪德里克去上班。
(1)accompany sb. to sp. 陪伴某人到某地
accompany sb. on/at sth. 用某物为某人伴奏
(2)company n. 陪伴；公司
keep pany 陪伴某人
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】
(1)My teacher often accompanies students on/at the piano to help them practice their vocal skills.
(2)They decided to accompany their children to the amusement park for a fun-filled weekend.
(3)这家人决定搬进同一个社区，以陪伴年迈的亲戚。
The family decided to move into the same neighborhood to keep their elderly relative company．
(4)The elderly couple were accompanied by their grandson and had a walk in the park.
→Accompanied by their grandson, the elderly couple had a walk in the park. (过去分词短语作状语)
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expectation n.希望，盼望；预料，预期；
(pl.)期望，指望
【经典例句】
①(教材P23)It has helped me look to the future with expectation and now it helps me reflect on my life with quiet satisfaction.
它过去帮助我满怀期待地展望未来，现在帮助我用平静的满足感反思我的生活。
②(外研选必一U3)He performed beyond everyone's expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.
他精准的投篮和不懈的努力使他的表现超出了所有人的预料。
(1)beyond one's expectations
　　　　　　　　　　 超出某人的预期；料想不到
live up to /meet one's expectations
不辜负/达到某人的期望
(2)expect v. 预计；期望；料想
expect to do sth. 期望做某事　
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
(3)expected adj. 预料的；预期的
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；意想不到的
【单句语法填空/完成句子/语段写作】
(1)(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)Eva had expected to be(be) the last one to cross the finish line，but instead she had come in the middle of the pack.
(2) 我真的很想得到这个宝贵的机会，我相信我能达到您的期望。
I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I am sure that I can live up to/meet your expectations．[应用文写作之申请信]
(3)(2023·浙江卷1月读后续写)我漫步回到农场，期待着能遇到那只可爱的蜂鸟。不出所料，她在那里，拍打着翅膀向我靠近，我不禁发出一声欢呼。
I wandered back to the farm，expecting to come across the lovely hummingbird. As expected, there she was，flapping her wings and approaching me and a cry of joy escaped my throat.[读后续写之动作描写]
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gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的
【经典例句】 (教材P25)As a gifted child, Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night.
作为一个有天赋的孩子，贝多芬在父亲的催促下日夜学习音乐。
(1)be gifted in/at...　　 在……方面有天赋
(2)gift n. 天赋
have a gift for... 有……天赋
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)The gifted musician is a man of many gifts, who had a gift for music when he was a child, and now he is gifted in playing the piano.(gift)
(2)她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。
→She is proud that both of her children are gifted in/at music．(gifted adj.)
→She is proud that both of her children have a gift for music．(gift n．)
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upset adj.难过的，失望的；心烦意乱的，
烦恼的；不安的；不适的　vt.使不安；
使烦恼；搅乱；打翻
【经典例句】
①(教材P25)The loss of his hearing deeply depressed Beethoven. He was so upset that, at first, he wanted to keep it a secret.
听力的丧失使贝多芬深感沮丧。他是如此难过以至于一开始他想保守这个秘密。
②It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.
让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。
(1)be upset about/at/over sth.
为某事感到心烦/难过/不安
be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到难过/不安
(2)What upsets sb.is... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb.to do sth. 做某事让某人心烦。
It upsets sb.that... 让某人心烦的是……
【单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换】
(1)She was upset to know(know) that her application for the position was turned down.
(2)听说你对即将到来的期末考试感到不安，我写信给你一些建议。
Hearing that you are upset about/at/over the coming final examination, I am writing to give you some suggestions.[应用文写作之建议信]
(3)I am upset that I don't know how to deal with the conflict between my classmates, so I want to seek some advice on how to handle it properly.
→What upsets me is that I don't know how to deal with the conflict between my classmates, so I want to seek some advice on how to handle it properly.(what引导主语从句)
→It upsets me that I don't know how to deal with the conflict between my classmates, so I want to seek some advice on how to handle it properly.(it作形式主语)应用文写作之求助信
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(1)upset充当形容词时，常用作表语，不能作定语；
(2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset，其现在分词形式为upsetting。
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possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制
【经典例句】 Only those who possess a genuine passion for teaching can truly inspire their students.
只有那些真正热爱教学的人才能真正激发学生的灵感。
(1)be possessed of　 具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)possession n. (尤作复数)所有物；财产
be in possession of　 占有；拥有；持有
come into possession of 　　 占有；拥有
be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb.
为某人所有；
在某人的控制下
get/take/gain/have possession of
拥有；占有
【单句语法填空】
(1)He never possessed much money, but he was possessed of good health.
(2)On her father's death, she came into possession of a vast fortune.
(3)As the old saying goes, “A true friend is the best possession(possess).”
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abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃
【经典例句】 (教材P26)Even in his darkest moments, however, Beethoven never abandoned hope. 　然而，即使在贝多芬最黑暗的时刻，他也从未放弃希望。
(1)abandon doing sth.　 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to doing sth. 沉湎于做某事；放纵
(感情)于做某事
(2)with abandon 纵情；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；废弃的
be abandoned to doing sth. 沉湎于做某事
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.
(2)Ten minutes later, they arrived at that abandoned(abandon) station.
(3)Despite some difficulties, they are not going to abandon(abandon) the plan.
(4)我感到沮丧，因为我发现自己沉湎于玩电脑游戏。
Feeling frustrated, I found myself abandoned to playing computer games．[读后续写之情绪描写]
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“can't/couldn't wait to do sth.”意为“迫不及待做某事”
【经典例句】 (教材P23)Yes, I was their biggest fan and I couldn't wait to hear this song again and again until it became my favourite song from my favourite band.
是的，我是他们的铁杆粉丝，我迫不及待地一遍又一遍地听这首歌，直到它成为来自我最喜欢的乐队的我最喜欢的歌。
(1)can/could hardly wait to do sth.
　　　　　　　　 迫不及待做某事
(2)can't/couldn't help doing sth.
忍不住做某事
can't/couldn't help (to) do sth.
不能帮助做某事
can't/couldn't help but do sth.
不得不做某事
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)I can't help admiring(admire) the picture whenever I look at it.
(2)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering(wonder) how long it would take to get there.
(3)I can't wait to inform(inform) my parents of the good news.
(4)随着儿童节的临近，孩子们迫不及待地想要收到礼物。
With Children's Day drawing near, the children can't wait to receive gifts/can hardly wait to receive gifts．
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状语从句的省略
【经典例句】
①(教材P26)When composing music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes.
在钢琴上作曲时，他会把铅笔的一端放进嘴里，另一端靠在乐器上，这样他就能感觉到音符。
②(外研选必一U1)For instance, while on a lecture tour of the United States, Twain went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave.
例如，有一次在美国巡回演讲时，马克·吐温走进一家理发店理发和刮脸。
时间、条件、让步、方式、比较等状语从句的省略有两种情况：
(1)从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词；
(2)当从句中主谓部分为“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)While visiting(visit) the art exhibition, we discussed the great artists' works, which broadened our horizons.应用文写作之活动介绍
(2)If accepted(accept)，I will introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.应用文写作之申请信
(3)Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if it is necessary.
→(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. (省略)
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The police found the lost treasure in an abandoned(abandon) well.
2．I ran desperately(desperate) but failed to catch up the bus.
3．Things improved when we got down to the specifics.
4．In order to live up to his parents' expectations(expect), he chooses to study hard even over vacations.
5．She stood up suddenly, upsetting(upset) a glass of wine on the table.
6．Who made the most accurate prediction (predict) of their future life satisfaction
7．While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her on/at the piano.
8．He stared at his friend with his mouth wide open.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.
2．暴风雨带来了大雨，同时还伴有强风和闪电。
The storm brought heavy rain, which was accompanied by strong winds and lightning.3.积极的肢体语言给人一种你很自信和放松的印象。所以当你和面试官打招呼的时候，首先握手要坚定，并报以真诚的微笑。
Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed.So start with a firm handshake and a genuine smile when greeting the interviewer．
4．(人教选必一U2)自18世纪以来，他们主要以农民的身份生活，在遥远的将来，他们可能也会以同样的方式生活。
They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future．
5．我迫不及待地想再次尝试这种冒险。
I can't wait to/can hardly wait to try this adventure again.INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../博览万象1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../博览万象1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../博览万象1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../博览万象1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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传统与科技
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【高频词汇】
1．innovation n.　　 创新
2．efficient adj. 效率高的
3．revolution n. 彻底变革；革命
4．technology n. 技术
5．blessing n. 福祉
6．function n. 功能
7．advanced adj. 先进的
8．robot n. 机器人
9．cutting-edge adj. 尖端的；领先的
10．navigation n. 导航
11．benefit from 从……获益
12．achieve a breakthrough 取得突破
【话题佳句】
1．(人教选必一U2)These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
这些智能家居将使我们安全，节省能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。
2．(外研选必三U4)The technology you're using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can't think independently without programming．
你现在使用和享受的技术是人工智能的一种基本形式，没有编程就无法独立思考。
3．(北师大选必四U12)Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.
医学上的进步范围从利用显微镜发现病因到进行手术用捐赠的器官替换病变器官。
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Robots Dance Yangko at 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala
On January 28, 2025, a special performance called YangBOT wowed audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, 1.China's(China) most-watched TV show. 2.Directed(direct) by a famous filmmaker, the show mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modern cutting-edge robot technology.
In the performance, humanoid robots (robots shaped like humans) dressed in 3.colorful(color) costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk dance from northern China often seen during festivals. They 4.spun(spin) handkerchiefs instantly and formed creative group patterns. These robots were developed by 5.a Chinese robotics company. They named this model of robots “Fuxi(福兮)”， the same pronunciation of a Chinese mythical ancestor Fuxi(伏羲), 6.symbolizing(symbolize) the beautiful blessings brought by technology. This was not the Chinese robotics company's first success, as its robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup for a famous singer in 2021.
The robots learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation to move safely on the uneven stage. Their strong 7.joints(joint) (like knees with 360 N·m power) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. The director explained, “This dance isn't just fun—it shows 8.how technology can bring new life to traditions.”
Thanks to these innovations, the robots won the hearts of millions. On social media, topics like “Robot Yangko” trended quickly. Young viewers called it “cool”， 9.while older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit.
The 10.inclusion(include) of robots in this year's gala has sparked widespread interest and admiration, both domestically and internationally. The YangBOT program is a perfect mix of China's tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It's like watching the future and past dance together！”
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How Global Innovators Design a Sustainable Future
Adapted from The Christian Science Monitor 2024.04.22
Around the world, a growing number of ecological visionaries are remaking landscapes, communities, and the way we live. In projects that range from “ecovillages” in sub-Saharan Africa to regenerative agriculture coworking spaces in Europe, individuals and organizations are embarking on a hands-on rethinking of the future.
These efforts are part of a global increase in intentional ecological communities, according to experts. Ten years ago, there were around 440 ecovillages registered with the Global Ecovillage Network. Last year, there were 10，000. These projects are decidedly realistic, which welcome the general public to come, stay, and spend.
Take, for example, a project in the works in central Portugal. The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Wiedemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and an eco-friendly agroforest, a form of regenerative agriculture that mimics nature to produce climate-friendly food.
The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what's standard for this rural area of Portugal. Those who take up residence here for a week, a month, or longer will be able to take classes on sustainable agriculture or local cooking, and to sample locally grown produce. Children will play together, exploring nature. There will also be a swimming pool with a unique poolside restaurant and coworking space, designed in a white-washed Mediterranean style, with fast Internet.
“We are showing how nature-based solutions can be put into place and we're taking the first steps for a better world，” says Elize Rostant, who is helping to develop the Portugal project. But some criticize these efforts as being so small that they barely make a difference.
In an era of climate breakdown，“these projects are like beacons of hope，” says Rob Hopkins, co-founder of the Transition Network, an international movement that helps communities shift to local resilience and sustainability. “They show what's possible, and they inspire others to take action.”
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1．sustainable adj.可持续的
2．visionary n．有远见的人
3．range from...to...范围从……到……
4．regenerative adj.再生的
5．individual n．个人
6．embark on开始
7．intentional adj.故意的；策划的
8．register v．注册
9．decidedly adv.显然；无疑地
10．say (熟词生义) n．话语权
11．solar panel太阳能电池板
12．earthen adj.土制的
13．agroforest n．混农林
14．mimic v．模仿
15．hand (熟词生义) n．工人
16．wage n．工资
17．rural adj.农村的
18．residence n．居住
19．sample (熟词生义) v．品尝
20．produce (熟词生义) n．农产品
21．criticize v．批评
22．barely adv.几乎不
23．era n．时代
24．beacon n．灯塔
25．resilience n．恢复力，适应力
26．sustainability n．可持续性发展
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Around the world, more 1.ecological visionaries are creating sustainable projects. In Portugal, a future-sustainable village is described. Opinions on these efforts vary, with some criticizing and others seeing them as 2.beacons of hope for a better world.
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1.The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Wiedemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and an eco-friendly agroforest, a form of regenerative agriculture that mimics nature to produce climate-friendly food.
[分析]　句中if引导条件状语从句；“a form of...climate-friendly food”作同位语，其中还含有that引导的定语从句。
[翻译]　如果说马蒂娜·维德玛尔和乔阿奥·阿尔梅达对未来的可持续发展村庄有任何看法的话，那么未来这些村庄将会拥有太阳能电池板、土建筑物和生态友好型的混农林，这种农林是一种模仿自然、生产有利于气候的食品的再生农业形式。
2.There will also be a swimming pool with a unique poolside restaurant and coworking space, designed in a white-washed Mediterranean style, with fast Internet.
[分析]　句中“There will also...space”为there be句型；介词短语“with a unique...coworking space”及过去分词短语“designed in...style”均作定语。
[翻译]　还将会有一个游泳池，其配有独一无二的池畔餐厅和共享工作空间，被设计为白色的地中海风格，并配有快速互联网。
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The Law of Club and Tooth—2
Excerpt from The Call of the Wild
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淘金潮时期，米勒法官家的爱犬巴克被贩卖到寒冷的阿拉斯加，它历经了重重磨难，最终回归到大自然。
When Francois saw Buck, he shouted to Perrault: “What did I say Buck certainly learns quickly.”
Perrault nodded seriously. He was a courier (信使) for the Canadian Government, carrying important letters, and he was anxious to get the best dogs. He was particularly① pleased about owning Buck. Three more huskies were added to the team, making nine dogs, and soon they were in harness and moving up the trail. Buck was glad to be moving. Though the work was hard, he didn't dislike it. He was surprised at② the eagerness③ of the whole team, and even more surprised at Dave and Sol-leks, who④ were completely changed by the harness.They were no longer passive⑤ and uninterested. They were alert⑥ and active. Pulling the sled seemed to be what⑦ they lived for and the only thing that they enjoyed.
Dave was nearest the sled.Buck was in front of him.Then came Sol-leks; the rest of the team was ahead in single file (成纵队) up to the leader, Spitz. They had placed Buck between Sol-leks and Dave on purpose⑧， so that he could learn what to do. He was a good learner and they were good teachers, helping him to learn with their sharp teeth. But by the end of the day he had mastered his work and Francois' whip (鞭子) hit him less often.
It was a hard day's run up the canyon (峡谷). They passed the timber line (森林边缘)．They crossed glaciers (冰川) and snowdrifts (雪堆) hundreds of metres deep and they went over the great Chilcoot Divide (分水岭), which⑨ guards the sad, lonely north. They travelled quickly past a chain of lakes, and late that night they pulled into a large camp at the head of Lake Bennet. There were thousands of gold-seekers (淘金者) waiting⑩ there for the ice to melt in spring. Buck made his hole in the snow and slept, exhausted .
Day after day Buck worked hard in the harness. The team started off in the dark and then stopped to camp in the dark, eating their bit of fish, and crawling to sleep in the snow. Buck was very hungry. The kilo of dried salmon, which was what the dogs got each day, was never enough for him. The other dogs weighed less and were used to this way of life, so they managed to keep in good condition .
He found, however, that the ones who finished their food quickly, would steal his. To stop this, he ate as fast as they did. He was so hungry that he even took what didn't belong to him. He saw Pike, one of the new dogs, steal a piece of bacon when Perrault's back was turned. He did the same thing the following day, getting away with the whole piece. The men were very angry, but did not suspect him, and another new dog, Dub, was punished for it. Theft was one of the things Buck had to learn to survive in his new hostile Northland environment. He knew he had to change to fit into these harsh (恶劣的) new conditions, or face a quick and terrible death.
His development was fast. His muscles became hard as iron . He could eat anything. His sight and sense of smell became very sharp ， while his hearing developed so much that in his sleep he knew whether the smallest sound meant danger or not. He learned to bite the ice out when it collected between his toes. When he was thirsty and there was a thick layer (层) of ice over the water hole, he would break it by dropping onto it with his front legs . He also learnt to smell the wind and decide what would happen in the night, so that he always made his sleeping hole in the most sheltered place.
Not only did he learn by experience, but long-dead instincts rose in him again. The years of domesticated dog generations fell from him. It wasn't difficult for him to learn to fight like wolves, because that was how his ancestors had fought. And when, on still cold nights, he pointed his nose at a star and howled (长嚎) long and wolf-like, it was as if his ancestors were howling through him.
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①particularly adv.特别地；尤其
②be surprised at对……感到吃惊
③eagerness n．渴望；热切
④此处who引导非限制性定语从句，who在从句中作主语。
⑤passive adj.消极的
⑥alert adj.警觉的
⑦此处what引导表语从句，what在从句中作宾语。
⑧on purpose故意地
⑨此处which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。
⑩此处v.-ing形式作定语。
此处adj.作状语。
manage to do设法做到
in good condition处于良好状态
此处what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
get away with偷携某物潜逃；偷走
suspect v．怀疑
survive v．幸存；生存
fit into适应以融入
development[熟词生义] n．成长
此处为比喻修辞，意为“像铁一样硬”。
sharp adj.敏锐的
此处while连接并列句，表示“而”。
collect[熟词生义] v．聚集
此处by doing作方式状语。
此处not only 置于句首引起部分倒装。
instinct n．本能；天性
此处how引导表语从句，how在从句中作方式状语。
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维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The surrounding(surround) villages have changed so much.
2．He overcame(overcome) a variety of difficulties, and succeeded in coming back to his homeland in 1955.
3．Mr Green stood up in defence(defend) of the boy, saying he was not the one to blame.
4．We are in the process of transforming(transform) from an industrial society to a service and information society.
5．A combination(combine) of all kinds of factors led to her decision to resign.
6．His composition(compose) skills have improved greatly over the past year.
7．I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable (rely) person in the future.
8．I am glad to see his pleasant(please) look after he saw the film.
9．It was no wonder that the movie attracted so many people, which was an adaptation(adapt) from a true story.
10．Eleven people were seriously injured in the highway accident, which was a sorrowful(sorrow) event.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Yuan Longping's hybrid rice has helped so many people in the world get rid of hungry, so he deserved giving/to be given(give) so many awards.
2．The programme consisting(consist) of the following activities is targeted at children under 12.
3．If you buy the steak，some dessert will be thrown in．
4．The perfect dish is composed of fresh ingredients, skillful cooking techniques, and a touch of creativity.
5．As for preparation, reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee to make(make) you adapt to the Chinese language environment.
6．These days we rely heavily on smartphones to communicate with other people.
7．Only when combined with targets can great efforts help people realize their potential.
8．In my opinion, it is much easier for a child to adapt to a new environment than an adult.
9．Thinking that he would be torn apart from his parents forever, he was in deep sorrow.
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．对我来说，代表班级参加小组跳舞比赛是一种荣幸。
It is an honour for me to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.
2．树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。
It was dark in the woods.It seemed as if there were a fierce beast behind every bush.The more she thought of this，the more frightened she was.
3．这部小说非常有趣，值得再读一遍。
The novel is so interesting that it deserves to be read/reading a second time.
4．我从这次活动中获益匪浅，感到既高兴又自豪。
Happy and proud，I benefited a lot from this activity.
5．每当出现一些棘手的问题时，我都会依靠他来帮助我。
(1)Whenever some troublesome problems emerged, I would rely on it that he would give me a hand．
(2)Whenever some troublesome problems emerged, I would rely on him to give me a hand．
(3)Whenever some troublesome problems emerged, I would rely on him/his giving me a hand．
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修二U5】
Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video. These videos are uploaded onto the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online—a virtual choir. Anyone can take part in a virtual choir from anywhere—all you need is a video camera and an Internet connection. You do not even need a studio. A virtual choir helps connect ordinary people together. Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music. Many others do not have the chance to join a local choir. A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people. As one virtual choir member said, “Music helps me to...forget my problems. With music, I become someone else.”
The virtual choir was the idea of award－winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.He fell in love with Mozart's classical music when he sang for the university choir. Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” He graduated from university in 1995, and then received a master's degree in musical composition from the Juilliard School in New York in 1997.Over the next 10 years, Whitacre's original compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the creation of the virtual choir.
1．What is the author's attitude towards the virtual choir
A．Neutral.　　 B．Negative.
C．Positive.　　　 D．Prejudiced.
2．If you want to take part in a virtual choir, what do you need
A．A video camera and some instruments.
B．A band and some professional singers.
C．A video camera and an Internet connection.
D．A master's degree in musical composition.
3．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Eric Whitacre got his master's degree at the age of 25.
B．Eric Whitacre fell in love with the virtual choir when he was in university.
C．Mozart's classical music made Eric Whitacre moved and excited.
D．Eric Whitacre was only interested in original compositions of choir music.
4．Why does the virtual choir prove to be a good influence on the lives of many people
A．It helps to connect ordinary people together.
B.It enables them to be part of the global community.
C．It helps them to find those with the same interest.
D.It enables them to forget their daily problems for a while.
答案：1～4.CCCD
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Deisha walked up and down as she waited backstage.This would be her most important piano performance yet.At ten years old，she was the youngest performer in the recital (音乐演奏会).She had practiced playing her song more than 30 times that week.When she closed her eyes at night, the music played over and over again in her head.
Now that the day had arrived，Deisha was not sure she was ready.She smoothed her hair and picked a piece of lint (绒毛) from the new dress that her mother had bought for her.She noticed that her hands were shaking.How could she play the notes of the song if her hands were shaking？She tried to concentrate on steadying (稳住) them, but they only shook more.
Deisha's piano teacher，Ms Neal，walked up to speak to her.“I have something for you，” she said, putting a smooth black stone into Deisha's hand.“It's a special stone.There's no other one like it in the world.You've practiced so much；you don't need anything else.”
The stage lights reflected off the rock.“Thank you，” Deisha said.
When Deisha's name was called, she rubbed the stone, stepped onto the stage, and played better than ever.After her performance, she noticed that Ms Neal had a whole bag of black stones.“Why did you say this one was so special？” she asked.
Her teacher responded, “Because, like your talent, it belongs only to you.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。德莎在上台表演前非常紧张，此时老师给了她一块石头并鼓励她，这使她消除了紧张。
1．Why did Deisha hear the piano music in her head at night
A．She had practiced many times.
B．She wanted to remember the song forever.
C．She listened to the song every day.
D．She liked this piece of music very much.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She had practiced playing her song...the music played over and over again in her head.”可知，德莎练习了太多次曲子，所以晚上闭上眼睛时，音乐仍在她脑海中反复播放。
2．How did Deisha feel before the performance began
A．She was dissatisfied with her new dress.
B．She waited impatiently backstage.
C．She was too nervous to keep her hands steady.
D．She forgot the notes suddenly.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She noticed that her hands were shaking...but they only shook more.”可知，演出前德莎很紧张，手一直在抖。
3．What did Ms Neal think according to the passage
A．Deisha was talented and well prepared.
B．It was difficult to play the piano.
C．It took talent to play the piano.
D．Deisha owned many things.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You've practiced so much；you don't need anything else.”及最后一段内容可知，尼尔老师认为德莎很有天赋并且已经为表演做了充分的准备，不必紧张。
4．What does the author want to show
A．Practice leads to a perfect performance.
B．People are talented in their own way.
C．Rubbing a stone can bring good luck.
D．Performing in front of people is hard.
B　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可知，每个人都是独一无二的个体，才能也一样。
B
Sound has a great influence on our physical and mental state；a good song can brighten up our mood immediately and a crying child can make you annoyed in seconds. So, there has to be a sound, a perfect frequency (频率) to get rid of our anxiety, right
Well, scientists have been examining different frequencies that may have positive effects on our health.Among these frequencies，528 Hz has got wide attention during the last ten years because of its therapeutic functions.In various scientific studies, 528 Hz is known as the Miracle Frequency，or sometimes as Love Frequency.It has a calming effect on our nervous system and helps create a sense of relaxation that can beat anxiety.
Research has shown that when we put ourselves to 528 Hz frequency，it lowers heart rate and reduces stress while letting off serotonin (血清素) in our body，which is in charge of optimism, happiness, and satisfaction.
Dr Masaru Emoto, a Japanese water researcher, did one of the most influential studies on the subject. He found that when water was exposed to 528 Hz music，it formed beautiful, regular crystals (晶体).Otherwise，it formed irregular crystals.
Dr Emoto wrote，“528 Hz sound, or the Love Frequency is said to relax the mind and body deeply and repair DNA, helping humans become healthy.It is a true symbol of the spread of love.” Therefore, if we tune ourselves to 528 Hz frequency，we can make the most of its therapeutic benefits and overcome anxiety.
【解题导语】　 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了声音对我们的身体和精神状态有很大的影响，其中528赫兹的声音具有治疗功能，同时介绍了其具体的好处以及应用。
5．What does the underlined word “therapeutic” mean in paragraph 2
A．Tiring.　　　　 B．Exciting.
C．Annoying. D．Relaxing.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“It has a calming effect ...can beat anxiety.”可知，528赫兹的声音具有令人放松的功能，故画线词意为“令人放松的”。
6．What can the 528 Hz do
A．Slow heart rate.
B．Create bad moods.
C．Increase inner stress.
D．Lower blood pressure.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It lowers heart rate and reduces stress”可知，528赫兹的声音能让心率慢下来。
7．What can we learn about Dr Emoto's water study
A．528 Hz spread love to the researchers.
B．528 Hz helped water form regular crystals.
C．528 Hz bothered researchers' peaceful mind.
D．528 Hz repaired the irregular form of water.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“He found that ...formed irregular crystals.”可知，528赫兹有助于水形成规则的晶体。
8．What's the writer's attitude towards the application of 528 Hz
A．Negative. B．Uninterested.
C．Unclear. D．Optimistic.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Therefore, if we tune ...and overcome anxiety.”可推知，作者对528赫兹的应用持乐观态度。
Ⅱ.七选五
How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits
Have you ever heard the famous quote “Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration”？1.________ Some artists, writers, poets, musicians, and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius. The following tips can help you to find your muse.
Listen to music.
Songs and music in general, can help you relax.2.________ Music, specifically lyrics, can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.
Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.
You may not have any concrete ideas, but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts. Consider it a form of brainstorming. Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft.Writing, in and of itself, can help you generate thoughts.3.________ It is best if you do this type of writing by hand, because it will connect you more fully to the writing process.
4．________
Even if you stick to one type when you write, you can borrow smaller concepts, the latest trend, personality preferences, scenery ideas, and so much more from reading different types of books.Each story was probably inspired from the author's own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives.
Try doodling (涂鸦) or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.
5．________ Instead, try spontaneous (自发的) activities, such as doodling or abstract drawing, as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.
A．People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities.
B．Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration.
C．Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day.
D．Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people, but is a struggle for others.
E．The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down.
F．Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas.
G．You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何通过创造性的追求找到你的灵感的方法。
1．D　解析：结合上文可知，天才的实现要有灵感和努力。下文说明一些成功人士把灵感视为他们的创造力或天赋的源泉。所以空处应该承接上文，讲述灵感的获得是因人而异的。D项符合语境。
2．E　解析：上文提到歌曲和音乐的帮助作用。下文特别提出音乐的歌词同样有着帮助作用。因而空处应承接上文，讲述在音乐中其他部分一样也有帮助。E项说明歌词和旋律一样有帮助意义，符合语境。
3．C　解析：本段标题和空前一句提到通过写作可以激发创造力和灵感。因而空处应承接上文，讲述要给自己时间来写作。C项说明了每天要有自由写作时间，符合语境。
4．B　解析：根据下文内容可知，通过阅读也可以激发创造力和灵感。因而空处作为段落标题，应该说明通过阅读可以寻找灵感。B项符合语境。
5．G　解析：根据段落标题可知，涂鸦或者画画可以实现放松的同时激发你的创造力。再结合下文内容可知，涂鸦等自发的绘画方式是一种创造性的方式，但不会带来压力。因此空处应讲述相对涂鸦而言，你不必通过专业的画来寻求自己的创造力。G项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
“You want to learn what now？” my husband asked.
“The drums. I want to learn the drums，” I replied.
He was__1__ . Throughout our 35 years of marriage, I've shown almost no interest in music, other than __2__ saying, “Can you turn it down？”
__3__ this, I've spent my career working on music variety television shows and __4__ that made me “drum curious”．
I saw recent research that said playing music can__5__ cognitive (认知的) function, which aroused my desire to learn it. With the kids grown and my work slowing down, I finally __6__ for a free drum lesson. Immediately I got __7__ about it.
The sight of my teacher only worsened my nerves. He was a musician in his 20s, looking like he had just got out of bed.But he __8__ me with his enthusiasm. “We get people of all ages，” he insisted.
He taught me how to count __9__. Then it was time to attempt a rhythm. I expected that drumming would be physically __10__. For someone who was never good at sports or dance or even walking, this would be a challenge.
As I __11__ a basic rhythm, I started to lean into it a bit. It was fun! At the end of class, he said I did great. I left the class feeling happy.
Eager to __12__， I watched online drum videos and found comments from others of my age learning drums for the first time. Despite feeling indulgent (放纵的) after a lifetime of __13__ such pleasures, knowing others of my age were taking classes made it feel more okay.
In my __14__ class, I managed to hit patterns of quarter, eighth, and sixteenth notes. My teacher said he was proud of me. Then I went home and practiced more because you never know when a famous musician might call, needing someone to__15__ him or her for a few songs.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经对音乐不感兴趣，突然对打鼓产生兴趣，去学习打鼓，从而体会到了其中的快乐的故事。
1．A.supportive　 B．speechless
C．embarrassed D．talkative
B　解析：根据上文“‘You want to learn what now？’．..I replied.”及下文“Throughout...no interest in music”可知，丈夫面对突然想学打鼓的作者无言以对(speechless)。
2．A.eagerly B．eventually
C．willingly D．occasionally
D　解析：根据上文“I've shown almost no interest in music, other than”及下文“Can you turn it down？”可知，作者以前对音乐不感兴趣，除了偶尔(occasionally)要求调低音乐声。
3．A.Without B．Before
C．Despite D．Besides
C　解析：根据上文内容及语境可知，作者对音乐不感兴趣，尽管(despite)如此，作者的职业一直与音乐电视节目相关。
4．A.otherwise B．instead
C．somehow D．still
C　解析：根据下文“that made me ‘drum curious’”可知，作者不知怎么(somehow)对鼓很好奇。
5．A.preserve B．decrease
C．evaluate D．supply
A　解析：根据下文“cognitive function, which aroused my desire to learn it”可知，一项研究表明演奏音乐可以保持(preserve)认知功能。
6．A.paid B．called
C．accounted D．registered
D　解析：根据下文“for a free drum lesson”及常识可知，作者登记(register)了免费的鼓课。
7．A.crazy B．anxious
C．annoyed D．confident
B　解析：根据下文“The sight of my teacher only worsened my nerves.”可知，上课让作者焦虑(anxious)。
8．A.amused B．confused
C．surprised D．reminded
C　解析：根据下文“me with his enthusiasm”可知，老师很热情，让作者惊讶(surprise)。
9．A.numbers B．beats
C．notes D．keys
B　解析：根据下文“Then it was time to attempt a rhythm.”及常识可知，学习节奏之前要学习数节拍(beat)。
10．A.damaging B．appealing
C．relaxing D．demanding
D　解析：根据下文“For someone...would be a challenge.”可知，作者原以为打鼓对体力是要求很高的(demanding)。
11．A.drummed B．sang
C．danced D．recited
A　解析：根据上文内容及语境可知，作者打鼓敲击(drum)了一个节奏。
12．A.escape B．struggle
C．advance D．pause
C　解析：根据下文“I watched online drum videos and found comments...the first time”可知，作者看视频、找评论是渴望进步(advance)。
13．A.showing B．containing
C．promising D．pursuing
B　解析：根据下文such pleasures及上文提到作者对音乐不感兴趣可知，此处指抑制(contain)了这种快乐。
14．A.first B．favorite
C．familiar D．latest
D　解析：根据下文“I managed to hit patterns of quarter, eighth, and sixteenth notes”可知，此处指作者最新的(latest)学习情况。
15．A.stand in for B．catch up with
C．drop in on D．fit in with
A　解析：根据上文“when a famous musician might call, needing someone to”可知，此处指一个著名的音乐家可能会打电话，需要有人代替(stand in for)他或她。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　单句语法填空
1．Ignoring(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
2．I remembered locking(lock) the door before I left the office, but I forgot to turn(turn) off the lights.
3．Mary's being(be) late for meeting this morning made the boss angry.
4．Singing is my hobby, and to sing at my friend's birthday party tomorrow is my dream.(sing)
5．I'm sure you can speak Chinese fluently before you come to China if you insist on doing(do) as I tell you.
6．Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing(pass) the exam.
7．Walking, running and cycling are(be) all healthy forms of exercise, but the best one for you depends on your fitness level and personal preferences.
8．I highly recommend visiting(visit) this exhibition. I am convinced that you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
9．I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not staying(stay) out with my friends too late.
10．The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned(clean).
11．Walking(walk) on the muddy road is rather difficult, especially on rainy days.
12．Young people may risk going(go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
13．The question put forward at the meeting deserved discussing/to be discussed(discuss).
14．Doing(do) well in an interview will be an important part of getting a place at university.
15．That squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught(catch).
16．Building(build) up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
17．Writing an essay is(be) a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
18．It is a waste of time trying(try) to persuade him to give in, as he is very stubborn and won't easily change his mind.
19．I remember walking(walk) down the long hall and opening(open) the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls.
20．The boy was lucky to escape being punished(punish).
维度二　语法与写作
1．每天早晨锻炼身体有助于保持健康，这对维持强大的免疫系统至关重要。
Taking exercise every morning helps keep healthy, which is important for maintaining a strong immune system.
2．在购物时，人们有时会情不自禁地被说服去买他们不需要的东西。
While going shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something they don't need.
3．早晨大声朗读英文将会对你有很大的好处。
Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.
4．我的父亲打篮球，这能让他充满活力。
My father's playing basketball can make him full of energy.
5．了解一点唐朝历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
Knowing a little about Tang Dynasty history can help you have a better understanding of Tang poetry.
6．你想象不到我们迎着暴风雪回家有多困难。
You can't imagine what difficulty we had (in) walking home in the snowstorm.
7．我们成功地克服了所有困难。
We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.
8．爬上这座山会使你筋疲力尽，但山顶的壮丽景色会让你觉得这一切都是值得的。
Climbing up the mountain will make you exhausted, but the breathtaking scenery at the top will be well worth the effort.
9．只抱怨而不行动是没有用的。
It's no use complaining without taking action.
10．每天用英语写日记是一种提高书面英语的好方法。
Keeping diaries in English every day is a good way to improve written English.
维度三　语篇练习
My friend Wang Ping is a teacher, though he didn't mean 1.to be(be) one. He remembers 2.meeting(meet) many difficulties in his work. He couldn't help 3.becoming(become) angry with his students, for they often made mistakes and trouble. Once he considered 4.giving(give) up being a teacher, but his father encouraged him to carry on and suggested 5.communicating(communicate) with his students. Wang Ping thought it was worth 6.trying(try). Now he is used to 7.dealing(deal) with students and thinks students need 8.praising/to be praised(praise). He also allows his students 9.to make(make) mistakes. He has made up his mind to devote his life to 10.teaching(teach).
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Throughout all the events in my life, one in particular sticks out more than the others.As I reflect on this significant event, a smile spreads across my face.As I think of Shanda, I feel loved and grateful.
It was my twelfth year of dancing, and I thought it would end up like any other year: stuck in emptiness, forgotten and without the belief of any teacher or friend that I really had the potential to achieve greatness.
However, I met Shanda, a young，talented choreographer (编舞者).She influenced me to work to the best of my ability, pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up, encouraged me and showed me the real importance of dancing.Throughout our hard work, not only did my ability to dance grow，but my friendship with Shanda grew as well.
With the end of the year came our showtime.As I walked to a backstage filled with other dancers, I hoped for a good performance that would prove my improvement.I waited anxiously for my turn.Finally，after what seemed like days，the loudspeaker announced my name.Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto the big lighted stage.But，with the determination to succeed and eagerness to live up to Shanda's expectations for me，I began to dance.All my troubles and nerves went away as I danced my whole heart out.
As I walked up to the judge to receive my first place shining gold trophy (奖杯), I realised that dance was not about becoming the best.It was about loving dance for dance itself, a getaway from all my problems in the world.Shanda showed me that you could let everything go and just dance what you feel at that moment.After all the doubts that people had in me，I believed in myself and did not care what others thought.Thanks to Shanda, dance became more than a love of mine, but a passion.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在单达的帮助下，逐渐找回了对舞蹈的热情，最终赢得奖杯的故事。
1．What did the author think her dancing would be for the twelfth year
A.A change for the better.
B．A disappointment as before.
C．A proof of her potential.
D．A challenge to her dancing skills.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者认为第12年她的舞蹈会和以前一样是一件令人失望的事情。
2．How did Shanda help the author
A．By offering her financial help.
B．By entering her in a competition.
C．By coaching her for longer hours.
D．By awakening her passion for dancing.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She influenced me to work...the real importance of dancing.”可推知，单达是通过唤醒作者对舞蹈的热情来帮助作者的。
3．How did the author feel when she stepped onto the stage
A．Hopeless.　 B．Embarrassed.
C．Scared. D．Nervous.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Butterflies filled my stomach...lighted stage.”可知，当作者战战兢兢地走上灯火通明的大舞台时，她心里充满了紧张。
4．What can we learn from the author's story
A．Success lies in patience.
B．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
C．A good teacher matters.
D．A youth is to be treated with respect.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thanks to Shanda...but a passion.”可知，作者对单达表示感谢，因为她帮助作者把对舞蹈的爱好转为热情。由此可推知，有一个好的老师很重要。
B
Why do you like the music you do？You would think that it is because of the music itself.But that's only half the story.Surprisingly, the other half of the story doesn't have much to do with music at all.By analyzing (分析) the public personalities (个性) of famous musicians, and the personality traits of their fans, a group of researchers found that people prefer the music of artists whose public personalities are similar to their own.
In three separate studies of more than 80，000 people，the researchers looked at several factors：personality ratings of 50 of the most famous musicians, listener reactions to music, and the lyrics in the artists' music.The musicians studied were different, ranging from Paul McCartney, Bob Dylan, Elton John, Whitney Houston, The Rolling Stones to Beyoncé， Coldplay, Dave Matthews Band, Maroon 5，Taylor Swift, and Ozzy Osbourne.
The results from the three studies show that the fit in personality between the listener and the musician predicts musical preferences.It's important to note that the public personalities of the musicians were measured, not their real personalities.The findings show how music gives fans a sense of pride and belonging to a social world.Even more, the results shed light on the evolutionary (进化的) origins of music, which say that music evolved as a way to communicate groups' characteristics which helped groups decide whether or not to work with each other.All of those make the findings a major advance in this area of research.
The findings are showing us how music can be a__common__denominator to bring people together.They can also pave the way for a new approach for record companies to attract audiences.Besides，the findings can be applied to situations involving mental health.For example, in times of stress and uncertainty，listeners can seek music of artists with similar personalities to themselves and feel understood and a sense of connection.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，音乐家的性格会影响听众的音乐偏好。
5．What are the key factors that influence listeners' preference according to the researchers
A．The lyrics in the music.
B．The styles of the music.
C．The listeners' former experiences.
D．The musicians' public personalities.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people prefer the music of artists whose public personalities are similar to their own”及第三段中的“The results from the three studies show...predicts musical preferences.”可知，音乐家的性格是影响听众的音乐偏好的关键因素。
6．Why does the writer consider the findings a major advance
A．They have shown the social power of music.
B．They can make people improve their personalities.
C．They encourage musicians to produce better music.
D．They can help listeners develop better taste in music.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The findings show...helped groups decide whether or not to work with each other.”可知，音乐在发展过程中逐渐利于群体沟通，由此可推知，研究发现体现了音乐的社会影响力。
7．What's the meaning of the underlined part in the last paragraph
A．A secret.　 B．A purpose.
C．A similarity. D．A skill.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据上文内容以及研究发现可知，喜欢同种音乐的人们有着惊人的相似之处，这可以把他们结合在一起。
8．In which section of a magazine may we read the passage
A．Health. B．Culture.
C．Education. D．Relationship.
B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了音乐家的性格对听众的音乐偏好的影响，因此我们有可能在一本杂志的“文化”专栏读到这篇文章。
C
(2025·广东深圳高级中学期中)Many gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them grow—it turns out that they may not be crazy at all. According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.
For their experiment, the scientists picked a cabbage plant that is known to send out a gas when its surface is cut. In order to get video evidence of the communication, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the luciferase (荧光素酶), which is what makes fireflies (萤火虫) glow in the dark.
When the changed cabbage plant was in full bloom, they cut a leaf off with a pair of scissors, and almost immediately, thanks to the luciferase, they could see the plant sending out “methyl jasmonate (茉莉酸甲酯)”.
While this was a known fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began to be released, the nearby cabbage plants seemed to detect some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they normally have to keep enemies like caterpillars (毛虫) away.
What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants of the danger—something that will require further research. However, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发现植物之间可能在通过一种“看不见的”语言进行交流。
9．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Gardeners.　　　　　 B．Plants.
C．Scientists. D．Fireflies.
A　解析：代词指代题。根据指代关系和画线词所在句可推知，they指代上文中的“gardeners”。
10．Which of the following statements is NOT true of the passage when the plant sent out “methyl jasmonate”？
A．The nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger.
B．The nearby cabbage plants started to send out a gas.
C．The nearby cabbage plants tried to warn the near plants.
D.The nearby cabbage plants communicated through a secret language.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“What the scientists are not sure...require further research.”可知，科学家们不确定这些植物是否在试图警告附近的植物。因此C项表述有误。
11．What can we learn from the experiment
A．Plants don't live a passive life.
B．Plants can feel pain when they are cut.
C.Plants can warn the other leaves of danger.
D．Plants can talk with each other.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“plants do not live a passive life...with each other”可知，植物不是被动地生活。
12．From which of the following is the passage probably taken
A．A health magazine.
B．A biology magazine.
C．A medical research paper.
D．A travel brochure.
B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“According to the scientists...a secret ‘unseen’ language.”和最后一段中的“this is the first time...with each other”可知，文章介绍了科学家们发现植物之间可能在通过一种“看不见的”语言进行交流。由此可推知，本文很可能选自生物学杂志。
Ⅱ.七选五
Amazing Benefits of Listening to Music
If you love listening to music, you're in good company. 1.________
Music makes you happier.
When you listen to music, your brain produces a special substance. It biologically (生物学上) causes listeners to feel emotions like happiness, excitement, and joy. So next time you need an emotional increase, listen to your favourite tunes for 15 minutes.
2．________
Listening to music you enjoy reduces levels of the stress in your body. This is an important finding since stress causes many illnesses. To stay calm and healthy during a stressful day, turn on the radio.
Music helps you sleep better.
A study showed that students listening to classical music for 45 minutes slept better than students who did nothing. If you're having trouble sleeping, try listening to a little Bach or Mozart before bedtime.
Music helps you eat less.
3．________ If you're looking for ways to reduce your appetite (食欲), try dimming the lights and listening to soft music next time you sit down for a meal.
Music strengthens learning and memory.
Researchers discovered that music can help you learn and recall information better. 4.________ Memorize these results. You now have a strategy to study more effectively for your next test.
Music raises IQ and school performance.
Research shows that taking music lessons predicts higher school performance and IQ in young children. 5.________　
A．Music lowers stress and improves health.
B．Participants who were musicians learned better with light music.
C．Musical training can help raise our IQs and even keep us sharp in old age.
D．Here are amazing scientifically proven benefits of being attracted by music.
E．Recent research shows that listening to music improves our happiness.
F．Softening the lighting and music can lead people to eat fewer calories and enjoy their meals better.
G．To help your children achieve excellence in their studies, encourage them to sing or learn to play an instrument.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。音乐不仅能陶冶情操还有益于身心发展。文章具体说明了听音乐的益处。
1．D　解析：根据下文的几个小标题可知，下文是在分别说音乐的益处，空处引出下文。
2．A　解析：根据空后一段内容可知，本段主要说明音乐在减轻压力和提高健康水平方面的好处。
3．F　解析：根据本段的小标题“Music helps you eat less.”可知， 音乐帮助减小食量，空处应与摄入食物有关。
4．B　解析：根据上文“Researchers discovered...recall information better.”可知，此处应具体说明研究结果。
5．G　解析：根据上文“Research shows that...IQ in young children.”可知，此处应是作者基于音乐对小孩子的智商和学校表现的积极影响所提出的建议。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Every human culture, without exception as far as anyone can tell, produces some form of music. And yet the music 1.____________ human cultures produce could hardly be more varied: From Italian opera to Croatian Klapa to Tuvan throat singing, the different types of music found in cultures around the world stand as a testament (证明) to the 2.____________(vary) of human creativity.
Music has no obvious adaptive function, 3.____________(make) scientists who study music wonder what forces originally gave rise to it. Is music an 4.____________(evolution) adaptation, or is it just a human invention The argument never stops. The alternative aims 5.__________(search) for universality in music. This is what Sam Mehr, Director of the Music Lab at Harvard, and his colleagues are doing. By now, recording samples from 86 small societies 6.____________(collect) by them. They also play pieces of 14－second music 7.____________ 750 Internet users in 60 countries. They find listeners can correctly recognize whether a sample is from a dance song, a soft song or a love song. “It doesn't seem to matter 8.____________ the listeners are from，” says Dr. Mehr. “They all seem to agree with each other quite strongly.”
What does that mean and why does it matter “Any study that's looking at comparisons of lots and lots of cultures, by 9.____________(it) nature, tells us something about human nature，” says Dr.Mehr. “It 10.____________(tell) us something about how all humans are alike in some way.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。音乐是没有国界的，有文化的地方就有音乐。音乐体现了人类的创造性，也体现出人类在许多方面的相似性。
1．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为 music，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that 或 which。
2．variety　解析：考查名词。根据空前的the并结合句意可知，此处为固定搭配the variety of, 意为“……的多样性”。
3．making　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处在句中作结果状语，应用现在分词形式，表示自然而然的结果。
4．evolutionary　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词adaptation，应用形容词形式。
5．to search　解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.为固定用法，意为“为了做某事”。
6．have been collected　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；根据时间状语By now可知，应用现在完成时；主语 recording samples为复数，且与collect之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
7．for　解析：考查介词。play music for sb.为固定搭配，意为“为某人播放音乐”。
8．where　解析：考查名词性从句。此句中的It为形式主语，真正的主语为从句部分；根据空后的from及语境可知，该句缺少地点状语，应用where。
9．its　解析：考查代词。空处修饰名词nature，应用形容词性物主代词。
10．tells　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据从句中的are及上文中的tells可知，应用一般现在时；且该句的主语是 It，应用第三人称单数形式。INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../读后续写1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../读后续写1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../读后续写1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../读后续写1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
慷慨助人，助己找到人生方向
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1．基本概念：名词性从句即具有名词功能的从句。
2．分类及位置：
主语从句 一般位于句首，但有时也可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(即主语从句)移至句子的末尾
宾语从句 位于及物动词、介词或某些表示情感的形容词，如sure、certain、glad、sorry、afraid、surprised等之后
表语从句 位于系动词之后
同位语从句 位于具有抽象意义的名词之后，如fact、idea、news、truth、hope、doubt、suggestion、belief、evidence等，解释说明抽象名词的具体内容
3.常见具体用法：
从句类型引导词　　 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
及物动词之后 介词之后
that 一般不省略 可省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 一般不省略
whether/if 置于句首时常用whether whether/if均可 whether whether whether
可作引导词的还有：连接代词/副词：who、whom、whose、what、which、why、when、where、how及“特殊疑问词＋-ever”类词，要注意引导的从句用陈述语序
4.高频句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/believed等)＋that从句
(4)It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)＋that从句
(5)I hate/like it when...
(6)find/make/think/feel/consider＋it (形式宾语)＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语从句
(7)①This/That is because...　这/那是因为……(强调原因)
②This/That is why... 这/那就是为什么……
(强调结果)
③The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
(8)What从句＋be＋that从句　　　
(9)Word came that...　　
(10)The fact that...
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1] For Jake, the journey from high school to college had never seemed so challenging. The real world—the campus life he had heard so much about, the decisions on what to study, what career to pursue, and how to find his place—felt like a heavy weight on his chest. He had no clue what his future held.
[2] One afternoon, Jake's mom suggested he spend some time volunteering at the community center. “It might be a good way to take your mind off things，” she said. At first, he resisted. Volunteering didn't sound like the right way to prepare for college. He needed to focus on his future, not wasting time helping others. But eventually, he agreed unwillingly.
[3] When Jake first arrived at the center, the atmosphere felt unfamiliar but warm. It was a small, comfortable space with colorful walls, art supplies, and kids playing in the corner. He was assigned to help with the kids' art class. The first few days were uneventful. Jake just sat back, passing out crayons, organizing the art supplies, and occasionally offering a word of encouragement to the kids.
[4] But one particular day, a girl caught his attention. Her name was Layla, and she was sitting in the corner, quietly staring down at a blank canvas (画布), with her hands wrapped tightly around a paintbrush. Her brush paused above the canvas as if she were waiting for permission to make the first mark.
[5] Jake had no experience with art and didn't know how to guide Layla. But something about her hesitation touched his heart. He walked over to her and asked, “Hey, Layla, what's going on Why aren't you painting？” She looked up at him with large brown eyes, then down at her hands, which were holding the paintbrush tightly but not moving. “I'm not good at it，” she replied. “I don't know how to make it look like what's in my mind.”
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Jake sat beside her, smiling._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As Layla's confidence grew, Jake felt a shift within himself._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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[1]For Jake, the journey from high school to college had never seemed so challenging.
[1]He had no clue what his future held．
[2]One afternoon, Jake's mom suggested he spend some time volunteering at the community center．
[3]When Jake first arrived at the center, the atmosphere felt unfamiliar but warm．
[4]But one particular day, a girl caught his attention．
[5]Jake had no experience with art and didn't know how to guide Layla. But something about her hesitation touched his heart.
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Participating in the volunteer activities not only helps others but also helps Jake find his own potential.
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根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did Jake do
[Answer] He comforted Layla.
[Question 2] What was Layla's reaction
[Answer] Layla began painting and gradually became confident.
[Question 3] How did Jake feel？(和第二段段首句衔接)
[Answer] At the sight of Layla's transformation, he felt greatly fulfilled and rewarded.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What was Jake's shift towards volunteering
[Answer]He no longer felt it a waste of time.
[Question 2] What was Jake's shift towards his life
[Answer] Jake was no longer afraid of the unknown future.
[Question 3] What did Jake actually do
[Answer] He actively participated in more volunteer activities at the community center, not only helping the kids but also constantly exploring his own potential.
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特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
Jake sat beside her, smiling._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As Layla's confidence grew, Jake felt a shift within himself._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Jake sat beside her, smiling. “That's okay, Layla. Art is all about expressing what's in your heart.” Jake's warm smile and kind words were like a beam of light. (微情节一：杰克的鼓励) Slowly, Layla relaxed and she tentatively dipped the brush into the paint and made a small mark. As she saw the color blooming on the canvas, a spark of excitement flashed in her eyes. Layla, once hesitant, started to find her voice through the art. Her brush moved across the canvas smoothly, each stroke becoming more fluid and expressive than last one. (微情节二：蕾拉的反应) Jake felt a great sense of fulfillment as he watched Layla's transformation. He had never realised how rewarding it could be to help people overcome their fears and find their confidence.(微情节三：杰克的感受)
As Layla's confidence grew, Jake felt a shift within himself. He no longer felt volunteering here was a waste of time. Instead, he learned a valuable lesson. (微情节一：杰克对志愿活动看法的改变) Just like how he had helped Layla find her courage in art, he also found his way in life. There was no need to be afraid of the unknown future. He believed that no matter what choices he made, as long as he had the courage to take action, he would surely embrace a beautiful future.(宾语从句) The weight on his chest completely disappeared. (微情节二：杰克对自己人生态度的改变) From that moment on, he was filled with enthusiasm for the future. He actively participated in more volunteer activities at the community center, not only helping the kids but also constantly exploring his own potential.(微情节三：杰克的实际行动)
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(2015·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ Lost my job. Family to Feed.”
At this store，a sight like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a comment on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind.①
In the store, I asked each of my kids to pick something they thought our “friend” there would appreciate. They got apples，a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a gift card. I thought about it. We were low on cash ourselves，but...well，sometimes giving from our need instead of our abundance is just what we need to do！All the kids declared something they could do away with for the week.②
When we handed him the bag of food，he lit up and thanked us with watery eyes. When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for whatever his family might need，he burst into tears.③
This has been a wonderful experience for our family.④ For days the kids have been looking for others we can help！Things would have played out so differently if I had simply said, “No, we really don't have money to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in need，it also gave my kids the sweet taste of helping others.It'll go a long way with them.⑤
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[话题]
人与社会——做人与做事——帮助乞讨者
[内容概要]
本文主要讲述了作者周末带几个孩子去超市购物，在去的路上，他们遇到一个失去工作但还有一家人要养活的乞讨者。孩子们一起行动起来，共同帮助乞讨者的故事。
[注释]
①环境描写
②引导孩子们奉献爱心
③接受我们帮助的人表达感谢；动作描写
④帮助别人的感想
⑤主旨升华：赠人玫瑰，手留余香Period 2　Grammar and usage
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
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一、动词-ing形式作主语
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(1)(教材P20)Playing the qin was his life.
弹琴是他的生命。
(2)(外研选必一U3)Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy.　知道球会弹到哪里并不容易。
(3)(外研选必一U3)Shooting with great accuracy was another thing he learnt.
精准投篮是他学到的另一样东西。
(4)(外研选必一U3)In this way, practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.
就这样，日复一日的练习帮助斯蒂芬提高了他的技能。
(5)(外研选必一U3)Playing basketball was his dream.
打篮球是他的梦想。
(6)It is no use arguing with him about such a matter, as he has already made up his mind and is unlikely to change his mind.
和他争论这件事是没有用的，因为他已经下定决心，不太可能改变主意。
(7)Mary's being late for class made her teacher angry, and she was subsequently disciplined by the teacher.
玛丽上课迟到让她的老师很生气，随后她受到了老师的处分。
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1．意义：动词-ing形式作主语时常表示一般性的、习惯性的行为，其被动形式为being done；而动词不定式作主语时常表示具体的或一次性的动作。
2．位置：动词-ing形式作主语时，可位于句首和句末；动词-ing形式位于句末时，应用it作形式主语。动词-ing形式作主语且用it作形式主语时的常见句型有：
It is a waste of time doing...
做……是浪费时间的。
It is no good/use/fun doing...
做……是没有好处的/
没用的/没有乐趣的。
It is worthwhile doing... 做……是值得的。
It is useless doing... 做……是没有用的。
3．动词-ing形式的复合结构：动词-ing形式作主语时，如果要突出动作的执行者，要在其前面加上动作的逻辑主语，这个逻辑主语通常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，即：“形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式”或“名词所有格＋动词-ing形式”。
4．谓语动词的单复数：动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式；但两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
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(1)(教材P17)I love learning about country music and I keep asking them questions about it all the time!
我喜欢了解乡村音乐，并一直在问他们关于乡村音乐的问题！
(2)(人教选必一U4)We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.
通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们能够了解很多他们的想法。
(3)(人教选必一U4)However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免使用这个手势，因为它被认为是不礼貌的。
(4)(人教选必一U4)Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、弯腰鞠躬或点头。
(5)(人教选必一U4)Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
专家建议对着镜子里的自己微笑来让自己感到更快乐、更坚强。
(6)They continued working as if nothing had happened.
他们若无其事地继续工作。
(7)I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.
我仍然记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
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1．有些及物动词后只能接动词-ing形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式作宾语。常见的动词及搭配有：
avoid、miss、delay/put off　 避免错过少延期
advise、finish、practise 建议完成多练习
enjoy、imagine、can't help 喜欢想象禁不住
admit、deny、envy 承认否定与嫉妒
escape、risk、excuse 逃避冒险莫原谅
stand、keep、mind 忍受保持不介意
2．有些动词后既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。常见的这类动词有start、 begin、 continue等。
3．有些及物动词后既可接动词-ing形式又可接动词不定式作宾语，但两者意义上有区别。常见的这类动词及用法有：
4．介词后面直接跟动词时，需要用动词-ing形式作宾语。下列短语后接动词-ing形式，to为介词：be used to(习惯于)、devote oneself to(献身于)、get down to(开始做)、stick to(坚持)、lead to(导致)、pay attention to(注意)。
5．有些动词后可接动词-ing形式，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于动词不定式的被动形式，如：need/want/require/deserve doing相当于need/want/require/deserve to be done。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I forgot to sign(sign) my name when I finished writing the composition.
2．Though it began to rain, the soldiers kept on advancing(advance) towards the front.
3．Right from the beginning，bringing(bring) attention to clean energy and the technologies it requires is the first problem for us to solve．
4．It is a waste of time playing video games every day.
5．We can understand why he avoids meeting(meet) us.
6．In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering (volunteer) is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.
7．We couldn't help laughing(laugh) after we heard the funny story.
8．Learning(learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
9．Speaking(speak) English as a second language can be a good choice.
10．In an online class, developing(develop) healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．你介意我问一下你的年龄吗？
Would you mind my asking your age
2．解决这些问题需要做的可能更多，而不仅仅是简单地提高汽油价格。
Solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
3．在伦敦的许多地方，错过一趟公交车意味着要再等一个小时。
In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour．
4．把不那么重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。
Leaving less important things till tomorrow is often acceptable.
5．拥有朋友意味着你有谈话的人，所以你不会感到孤独和沮丧。
Having friends means that you can have someone to talk to so that you don't feel lonely and depressed.

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