资源简介

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Ⅰ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你市的科技馆将在本周末举办“中国之太空探索”图片展，你知道你校的外教卡尔(Carl)是一位太空迷。请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他前往观看。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.时间与地点；
3.图片展的内容及目的或意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Carl，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Carl，
Knowing you are keen on the space, I can't wait to invite you to a photo exhibition whose theme is “China's Space Exploration.”
The photo exhibition will take place in the Science and Technology Museum at 9 a.m. this weekend. To enable the general public to know more about China's space exploration, the exhibition will show what progress China has made and how China has struggled to explore the space despite lots of difficulties.
I believe you will be interested in it and I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I pushed my cart around table after table of hungry customers. “Char siu bao (叉烧包)，” I called out. It was Saturday morning and a line of customers had already formed out of the door. Everyone in the neighborhood knew that Grandma's restaurant was the place to go for the warmest tea and the freshest dim sum.
It wasn't long before I was handing out the last bamboo steamer basket. With my cart empty, I took my break at the tiny table in the alley (小巷) behind the restaurant and was free to enjoy some of Grandma's cooking myself. “I bet no one can resist the sweet scent of Grandma's Char siu bao！” But just as I was about to take my first bite, I noticed something odd. Our rubbish bins had been knocked over! Rubbish and half-eaten dim sum littered the ground.
Swallowing my bao, I quickly picked up the mess and headed back into the restaurant to help with the rest of the rush. I forgot all about the mystery of the knocked-over bins until I took out the rubbish. The garbage bins had tipped over again!
Could it have been the wind As I cleaned up for a second time, I looked at the darkening sky. A storm was heading my way, but the tree branches were barely moving. Determined to avoid cleaning up a third time, I found three heavy rocks and placed them on top of the bins.
KABOOM! I awoke with a surprise early the next morning. That must be the storm, I thought as I sat up and looked out of my window, hoping to catch a glimpse of lightning. But instead, I spotted the rubbish bins-knocked over yet again!
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
“Why does this keep happening？” I complained when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me.
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With the rain picking up, the hungry kitty was too scared to come out of the rubbish bin.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“Why does this keep happening？” I complained when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me. Emerging from the rubbish bin was a little gray cat. It was clear now who was responsible for the mess. The cat pawed at a piece of bao, clearly too hungry to care about anything else. I had to help. I collected some leftover bao and approached the cat slowly so as not to scare it away. Just as I got close, the clatter of thunder struck, and the cat dashed back into the bin for cover.
With the rain picking up, the hungry kitty was too scared to come out of the rubbish bin. I rushed back inside the restaurant and returned with a small bowl of milk and some fresh Char siu bao. Placing them near the bin, I waited patiently. The tempting scent eventually lured the cat out, and it began to eat eagerly. Watching it, I smiled and decided we could have a new friend joining the warm, inviting bustle of Grandma's place.INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBXYUNIT4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../英YLXZXBXYUNIT4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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[核心单词]　frozen　　imply　 　grasp　 　detect
contradictory clue interpret patience remote
reward constantly logical reality novelist
ideal advocate belief district bend
claim sigh dare striking characterize
contribute encounter numerous stability tolerant
liberty distinguish representative owe
debt blame
[重点短语]　 dig up，pay attention to，set sth. aside，break with sth., make allowance for
[重点句型]　1.as引导时间状语从句
2.with复合结构
3.given介词短语作状语
[单元语法]　非谓语动词
[写作任务]　诗歌评论
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[Poetic forms]
prose n.　　　　　　　 散文
edition n. 版本
rhyme n. 押韵
syllable n. 音节
sonnet n. 十四行诗
rhythm n. 节奏；韵律
cinquain n. 五行诗
verse n. 诗；韵文；诗节
[Poetic activities]
narrate v. 叙述
convey v. 传达
subject n. 主题
simile n. 明喻
metaphor n. 隐喻
reflect v. 反映；表现
hyperbole n. 夸张法
symbolism n. 象征主义
subscribe v.　　　　　　 订阅；订购
describe v. 描写；叙述
personification n. 拟人化
lyric adj. 抒情的
[Poetry evaluation]
arouse one's enthusiasm for... 　 激发某人对……的热情
give sb. a new start 给某人一个新的开始
have a taste for... 对……感兴趣
make comments on... 对……评论
pass down from generation to generation
一代一代传下来
make the world come alive 让世界充满活力
be brought into contact with poetry 接触诗歌
be full of oppositions and contrasts 充满了对立与对比
be the product of a poet's imagination
是诗人想象力的产物
话题佳句
1.Only when I entered senior high school did I begin to show a great interest in poems.　就在我进入高中的时候，我才开始对诗歌表现出极大的兴趣。
2.As a poet, he used to write many romantic poems to which people usually attach positive and hopeful meanings.　作为一个诗人，他过去常常为人们写一些被赋予了积极和希望含义的浪漫诗篇。
3.How delighted the young mother was to hear her daughter recite the first poem completely！
听到她的女儿完整地背出第一首诗，这个年轻的妈妈心里是多么得高兴啊！
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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What's the main idea of the passage
A．How to appreciate a poem.
B．How to write a poem.
C．How to remember a poem.
D．Why we read a poem.
答案：A
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1．What makes poetry unique compared to other types of literature
A．It sounds more interesting.
B．It is easier for us to understand when we read it aloud.
C.There are more repeated words and rhymes in it.
D．It usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.
2．What should you do first if you want to understand a poem better
A．Find out its deeper meaning.
B．Try to read it aloud.
C．Understand the words on the page.
D．Try to notice its good qualities.
3．Why does the author ask the readers to pay attention to a poem's sound and rhythm
A．Because the sound of a poem is more important than its meaning.
B．Because they can lead readers to better understand a poem.
C．Because they can make readers begin to see images in their mind.
D.Because a poem sometimes is too complex to understand.
4．Why does the author use a lot of questions in the passage
A.To make the readers better understand poems.
B．To show the difficulties of understanding poems.
C．To tell the readers the mystery of poems.
D．To describe the rich meanings of poems.
答案：1～4.DBBA
Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty.(Para.6)
[分析]　句中in a new way为介词短语作方式状语；第二个and连接两个并列谓语；for the everlasting beauty为介词短语作目的状语。
[翻译]　诗的“音”与“意”的结合让你以一种新的方式看待世界，使你超越一般的现实来追求永恒的美。
Poetry is a 1.combination(combine) of “sound” and “sense”. Here are some ways for you to reveal its 2.hidden(hide) dimension. Firstly, follow your ears. When you begin reading a poem, it is better 3.to ask (ask) “How does it sound？” You can always say something about how the poem sounds when 4.reading(read) it aloud. Secondly, approach the poem like 5.an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. You will start to dig up 6.clues(clue)that give you a greater understanding of the poem.Thirdly, just have some 7.patience(patient). You cannot really understand a poem 8.that/which you have only read once. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. Finally, keep in mind that you do not have to 9.fully (full) understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go 10.beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty.
1．Why do people read poems
________________________________________________________________
2．Apart from the four tips given by the lecturer, what other tips can you give on how to read a poem
_______________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．dimension n.　 A．把(动物)关在笼中
2．rhyme n. B．方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
3．cage vt. C．注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为
4．aside adv. D．押韵词；押韵
5．perceive vt. E．到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
答案：1～5.BDAEC
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．beyond your grasp　　　　　　　　超出了你的理解范围
2．this combination is often complex 这种组合往往是复杂的
3．start to dig up clues 开始发现线索
4．a remote and unknown destination 一个遥远而未知的目的地
5．true inner beauty 真正的内在美
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→freeze v．冰冻
2．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n．暗示，言外之意
3．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出→detection n．侦查；察觉；发现→detective n．侦探 adj.刑侦的
4．contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的→contradict vt.同……抵触/矛盾
5．interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→interpreter n．口译者；传译员
6．patience n．耐心，忍耐力→patient adj.有耐心的；容忍的
7．reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金→rewarding adj.报酬高的；有意义的；有益的
8．constantly adv.始终，一直→constant adj.不停的，连续不断的
9．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→logically adv.符合逻辑地
10．reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→realistic adj.现实的，实际的→realise vt.领悟；了解；实现；实行
11．mist n．薄雾，水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The complex poem is beyond my grasp(超出我的理解范围), so I want you to help me out.
2．There's no need to dig up(搜查) your overall backyard, either.
3．The teacher asked me to pay attention to(注意) the images in the poem.
4．If we try to keep it a secret, she's guaranteed to find out(发现).
5．It's realistic to set aside(留出) some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.
6．As long as(只要) you become strong, it is worth your effort.
7．The boy looked uncomfortable and out of place(格格不入的) among the adults.
8．It's the lines which stick out(突出) that make a poem interesting.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．even if/though引导让步状语从句
Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp(即使它的真正含义似乎超出了你的理解范围), you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. (Para.2)
2．as if引导方式状语从句
Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer(就好像你是一个探险者) in an unfamiliar landscape. (Para.3)
3．as引导时间状语从句
As you explore the poem(当你探究这首诗时), you will begin to see images in your mind.(Para.3)
4．“if条件句＋祈使句”结构
Third, if you are still struggling to interpret(如果你仍在努力去诠释) the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience(那就要耐心一些). (Para.4)
5．that引导定语从句
You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once(你只读过一次).(Para.4)
6．as long as引导条件状语从句
As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something(只要读诗之旅让你有所感悟) or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort. (Para.5)
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grasp n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力
所及　vt.抓紧；领会，理解；紧握
【经典例句】 (教材P44)Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.
即使它的真正含义似乎超出了你的理解范围，你也总是可以说出这首诗在大声朗读时听起来如何。
(1)have a firm grasp on... 抓紧/紧握……；深刻理解……
within/beyond sb.'s grasp　　 某人能/不能理解；
某人力所能及/力不从心
have a good grasp of... 精通/掌握……
(2)grasp sb.'s meaning 理解某人的意思
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Don't worry about her. Success is within her grasp.
(2)Now that you have a firm grasp on who you've been, it's time to decide who you're going to be.
(3)I can't work out this math problem, because it is beyond my grasp.
(4)据我所知，他们精通几门外语。
As far as I know, they have a good grasp of several foreign languages.
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表示理解语言、词汇或文章等时只能用understand，不能用grasp。
*I don't understand French/the instruction.
我不懂法语/看不懂这个说明书。
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pay attention to 注意(to为介词)
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)Read these lines, pay attention to the image of the caged bird and try to find out what it means.
读一读下面这些诗句，注意笼中鸟的形象，并试图理解其含义。
②(外研选必一U3)Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals.
她们的坚持得到了回报，在四分之一决赛中，她们战胜了卫冕冠军的巴西队，上演了史诗般的逆转。
pay much/more attention to... 非常/更多关注……
pay little/no attention to... 很少/不注意……
pay for sth.　 为某物付钱；为某事/物付出代价
pay back　　　　 偿还(欠款)；报答；报复；惩罚
pay a visit to 拜访，访问；探望；参观
pay off 得到回报；取得成功；偿清
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(译林必修三U3)Forgot to carry cash？There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.
(2)If you're living with high levels of stress，you should find time to relax，but you should also pay more attention to your ways of relaxation.
(3)This activity gives me the chance to pay back those people who gave me a hand when I was in trouble.[应用文写作之活动介绍]
(4)底线是你需要努力学习、吃好饭、睡好觉，并相信你的努力会得到回报。
The bottom line is that you need to work hard，eat a good meal，sleep well, and believe (that) your efforts will pay off．
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patience n.耐心，忍耐力
【经典例句】 (教材P45)Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience.
第三，如果你仍在努力去诠释一首诗的意义，那就要耐心一些。
(1)have the/no patience to do sth. 有/没有耐心做某事
with patience 耐心地
out of patience 失去耐心；不耐烦
run out of/lose patience 失去耐心
(2)patient adj. 耐心的
n. 病人
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
(3)patiently adv. 耐心地
impatient adj. 不耐烦的
impatiently adv. 不耐烦地
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)He is a teacher who is patient with his students.As a result, he wins the respect of all the students.
(2)After waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatient(patient).
(3)Fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of patience(patient), which I don't have.
(4)每当我犯错误时，老师总是耐心地指出来。
→Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience．
→Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out patiently．
[应用文写作之人物介绍]
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set sth. aside 把……放一边；留出
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later.
所以，如果你不理解它，就把这首诗放在一边，以后再来读。
②Our school set out to establish a technological innovation laboratory to provide more practical opportunities for students.
我们学校着手建立一个科技创新实验室，为学生提供更多的实践机会。
set off 出发，动身；引发；使爆炸；燃放
set up 建立；设立；准备；安排
set down 放下；写下；登记
set out to do sth.＝set about doing sth.
开始着手做某事
set out for... 动身前往……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes his parents, wife and son outside to set off firecrackers.
(2)(2023·全国乙卷)Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.
(3)You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.[应用文写作之建议信]
(4)无论你打算做什么，无论有多么困难，都要尽力去做。
Always give your best in whatever you set out to do/set about doing，however difficult that might be.[读后续写之主旨升华]
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reward vt.奖励，奖赏　n．奖励，回报；悬赏金
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)This may seem difficult at first, but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded.
一开始这似乎很难，但当你终于有了重大的发现，你的努力就会得到回报。
②(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。
(1)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而奖励/报答某人
reward sb. with...　 用……奖励某人
(2)in reward 作为回报
in reward for... 为酬谢……；作为……的报酬
as a reward (for...) 作为(对……的)奖赏、报酬
(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)The student's outstanding performance was rewarded with a scholarship to a top university.
(2)Working on environmental conservation projects has been incredibly rewarding(reward), knowing that we are contributing to the preservation of our planet.
(3)这位运动员因打破世界纪录而被授予一枚金牌。
→The athlete was given a gold medal in reward for/as a reward for breaking the world record．
→The athlete was given a gold medal to reward him for breaking the world record．
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reality n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
【经典例句】 (教材P45)Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty.
诗的“音”与“意”的结合让你以一种新的方式看待世界，使你超越一般的现实来追求永恒的美。
(1)in reality　　　　　 事实上，实际上
come into reality 实现
become a reality 成为现实
make...a reality 使……成为现实
(2)realise vt. 实现；意识到；了解
realistic adj. 现实的；现实主义的
【单句语法填空】
(1)Susan's dream was put into reality(real) and tears of happiness poured down her cheeks.
(2)However, most of the things we fear in our minds never really seem to come into reality.
(3)The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality.
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as引导时间状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P44)As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind.
当你探究这首诗时，你将开始在你的脑海中形成图像。
②(外研必修二U1)We all love roast beef and vegetables, but Mum says we'd better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine.
我们都爱吃烤牛肉和蔬菜，但妈妈说我们最好不要吃太多的烤制食品，因为根据传统中医的说法，这可能会让我们体内上火。
as用作连词，可引导以下几种从句：
(1)as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候、随着”；　
(2)as引导原因状语从句，意为“由于、因为”；
(3)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……”；
(4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然、尽管”，需将后面的表语、状语提到前面构成倒装句；
(5)as引导定语从句，意为“正如、正像”。　
【写出下列句中as引导的从句类型/完成句子】
(1)(外研必修三U2)As the Chinese saying goes, “A kind-hearted person lives a long life.”定语从句
(2)Thoreau's writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do.方式状语从句
(3)(外研必修一U3)Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the burning heat, but as he came round the corner, he saw his brother about to fall onto the track. 时间状语从句
(4)(人教选必一U2)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.原因状语从句
(5)尽管我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，但五公里越野跑让我们受益匪浅。
Exhausted and hungry as we were, we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country running race. (倒装句)[应用文写作之活动感受]
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．They have a good grasp(理解) of the country's legal system.
2．The job is very rewarding because it allows me to help others and see the positive impact of my work.
3．The passage implies(暗示) that fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.
4．When walking on the frozen(结冰的) street, you should be careful.
5．Have patience(耐心) and a strong will, and you will be successful.
6．Arnold could detect(发现) a certain sadness in the old man's face.
7．The police followed the clue and finally caught the thief successfully.
8．She suddenly got up and went into an inner(内部的) office.
9．The way they interpreted(解释) their past was highly subjective.
10．The reality is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．She felt betrayed when she found out the truth(查明真相) about her friend.
2．The 13-year-old boy made his discovery(有了发现) as part of a regional science competition.
3．In the end(最终), we all decided to organize a concert for the festival.
4．Let's set aside an hour(留出一个小时) a day for review purposes.
5．I will reward you with an electric bike(奖励你一辆电动自行车) for helping me improve my spoken English.
6．They're trying to dig up evidence(发现证据) to support their claim.
7．When I came back to the hotel(回到酒店), Laura and Peter were shouting at each other.
8．I felt completely out of place(格格不入) among all these successful people.
9．In doing our work, we must pay attention to ways(注意方式) and means.
10．Before we went on a journey(去旅行), we left the cat with my cousin.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
Poetry, on my personal note，1.is a painting that can speak(是一幅会说话的画；that引导定语从句). It adds to the beauty of life and gives an important insight into it. 2.As we appreciate a poem(当我们欣赏一首诗时；as引导时间状语从句), we should first attach importance to its sound to detect its rhythm. See the images in your mind 3.as if you were exploring an unknown place(好像你正在探索一个未知的地方；as if引导方式状语从句).Picturing what it shows in your mind can also help you better understand it. Sometimes, the poems can be quite difficult to understand. 4.If you want to understand the true meaning of a poem, just be patient and read it (如果你想理解一首诗的真正含义，那就耐心一点并读它；“if条件句＋祈使句”结构) again and again. With persistence, sooner or later, you can get it across one day, which is really rewarding. Most importantly, a poem doesn't have to be understood 5.as long as you can feel a certain meaning in it(只要你能感受到其中的某种意义；as long as引导条件状语从句).Period 3　Writing
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写作一　应用文写作(诗歌评论)
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请根据下面的内容写一篇关于唐诗《悯农》的评论。
Sympathy on the Farmers
(Li Shen from Tang Dynasty)
At noon, farmers are weeding，Down the field, sweat is dropping.
Who knows rice on a dish，Every grain is full of moiling
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
　审题谋篇
　遣词造句
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[第一段]　介绍诗歌及作者
1．这是一首李绅所写的诗，它的标题为《悯农》。
Here is a poem by Li Shen and it is titled Sympathy on the Farmers.
2．李绅很受中国读者欢迎。
Li Shen is popular with Chinese readers.
[第二段]　详细阐述诗歌内容
3．尽管夏日正午时刻，外面天气炎热；农民依然在地里除草。
Hot as it is outside at the summer noon time, the farmers are still weeding in the fields.
4．他们全身湿透，汗水频繁地掉在土地上。庄稼在那里生长。
They are wet all over and their sweat is frequently falling into the soil. The crops grow there.
[第三段]　表达自己对这首诗歌的感悟
5．我认为对今天的年轻一代来说，理解这首诗歌并珍惜每粒粮食是很重要的。
I think to understand the poem and treasure every grain is very important for the young generation today.
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6．[读教材原句]　(教材P48)During that time, England was undergoing a process called industrialization.
[记句式]　过去分词作后置定语
[读教材原句]　(教材P45)You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once.
[记句式]　that引导定语从句
[学仿写]　用过去分词作后置定语以及that引导定语从句合并句1和句2
Here is a poem titled Sympathy on the Farmers by Li Shen that is popular with Chinese readers.
7．[读教材原句]　 (教材P7)The atmosphere is lively and modern, with its walls painted white and light blue.
[记句式]　with复合结构
[读教材原句]　(教材P11)Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate in which they were invented.
[记句式]　“介词＋which”引导定语从句
[学仿写]　用with复合结构和“介词＋which”引导定语从句改写句4
They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil in which the crops grow.
8．[读教材原句]　(教材P39)It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present－day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
[记句式]　it作形式主语
[学仿写]　用it作形式主语改写句5
I think it is very important that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
　衔接成篇
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Here is a poem titled Sympathy on the Farmers by Li Shen that is popular with Chinese readers.
It goes like this：Hot as it is outside at the summer noon time, the farmers are still weeding in the fields.They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil in which the crops grow.But who knows exactly all our foods, the delicious dishes on our table, come from the hard work of the farmers
The reason why Li Shen wrote this poem is to remind people of the importance of the farmers' hard work.I think it is very important that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
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第一段
简单介绍诗歌
1.Robert Frost's The Road Not Taken famously compares life decisions to choosing between two forest paths.　罗伯特·弗罗斯特的著名诗歌《未选择的路》将人生的抉择比作在两条森林小径之间的选择。
2.In this joyful poem, Wordsworth describes discovering a field of golden daffodils.
在这首欢乐的诗中，华兹华斯描述了发现一片金色水仙花田的情景。
第二段
分析诗歌
1.The poet compares human emotions to dancing daffodils, suggesting nature's power to heal loneliness.
诗人将人类的情感比作翩翩起舞的水仙花，暗示了大自然治愈孤独的力量。
2.The short poem celebrates friendship's power to overcome loneliness with simple yet touching imagery.
这首短诗以简单而感人的意象歌颂了友谊战胜孤独的力量。
3.Phrases like “warm as sunlight” and “soft as raindrops” create sensory connections to friendship's comfort.
像“温暖如阳光”和“柔软如雨滴”等短语创造了与友谊的慰藉相关的感官联系。
4.Comparing memories to “fallen leaves preserved in books” shows how cherished moments never fade.
将回忆比作 “保存在书中的落叶”，表明珍贵的时刻永不褪色。
第三段
诗歌的启示
1.This poem reminds me of how observing small natural wonders—like blooming flowers or sunset clouds—can refresh our minds.　这首诗提醒我如何观察小的自然奇观——例如盛开的花朵或夕阳下的云彩——可以让我们的心灵焕然一新。
2.This poem teaches us that even brief encounters with nature, like noticing blooming flowers on a walk home, can lift our spirits.　这首诗教会了我们，即使是与大自然的短暂接触，比如在回家的路上看到盛开的花朵，也能让我们的精神振奋。
3.Reading this poem, I recall my best friend's encouragement during exams.
读了这首诗，我想起了我最好的朋友在考试期间给我的鼓励。
4.This poem reminds me that every choice shapes our future, and there's no need to regret the “road not taken”．
这首诗提醒我，每一个选择都会塑造我们的未来，不必为 “没有走过的路”而后悔。
写作二　场景微续写(跨越无声障碍)
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词汇积累 [人物描写]　interaction, approve, gesture, witness, cheek, waist, anger, reliable, twin, pose, educator, chin, chest, weep, tone[情感描写]　break down, anxiety→anxious, embarrassed→embarrass→embarrassment, ashamed[动作描写]　vary, demonstrate, employ, interpret, favour, bow, make inferences, assess, straighten up, bend, clarify, lower, occupy, stare, call on, inquire, adjust, react
佳句积累 [排比]　1.There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.2.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually.[动作描写]　1.Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies.2.Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.3.They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
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[场景呈现]　一天，汤姆遇到了一位聋哑人，对方正试图通过手势寻求帮助。起初，汤姆感到焦虑和尴尬，因为他无法理解这种互动。聋哑人的手势多种多样，汤姆努力解读它们的含义。尽管存在沟通障碍，汤姆仍然保持耐心，并尝试调整自己的方法。他使用了简单的手部动作和面部表情来阐明自己的意图。慢慢地，随着汤姆冷静应对，聋哑人也更清晰地重复了手势，沟通的障碍开始消除。最终，汤姆明白了对方需要去附近医院的路线。他提供了可靠的帮助，并引导他到达目的地。这次经历让汤姆意识到学习手语的重要性。
One day, Tom came across a deaf-mute person 1.who was trying to ask for help through gestures(定语从句). At first, Tom felt anxious and embarrassed 2.because he couldn't understand the interaction(because引导原因状语从句). The deaf-mute person's gestures varied, and Tom 3.struggled to interpret their meanings. Despite the communication barrier, Tom remained patient and 4.tried to adjust his approach. He 5.employed simple hand movements and facial expressions to clarify his intentions. Slowly, the breakdown in communication began to resolve as Tom reacted calmly and the deaf-mute person repeated the gestures with more clarity. Eventually, Tom understood that the person needed directions to a nearby hospital. He provided reliable assistance and guided him to the destination. This experience 6.made Tom realize the importance of learning sign language (make＋宾语＋宾语补足语).
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短语必记
1.butterflies in the stomach　 忐忑不安
2.lose one's nerve 慌张
3.be on pins and needles 如坐针毡
4.pace restlessly up and down 不安地踱来踱去
5.like ants on a hot pan 像热锅上的蚂蚁，极度焦虑
6.be on edge 如坐针毡，极度紧张
必背金句
1.His heart was pounding like a drum in his chest as he walked onto the stage.
他走上舞台时，心脏像鼓一样在胸膛中狂跳。
2.I felt so nervous that my throat tightened and my knees got weak.
我感到如此紧张，以至于嗓子发紧，膝盖发软。
3.I know he didn't believe me, and every time he looked my way, my heart started pounding wildly.
我知道他不相信我，每次他朝我这边看，我的心就开始狂跳。
4.All students were waiting for their first examination results anxiously, being on pins and needles.
所有的学生都焦急地等待着他们第一次考试的结果，如坐针毡。
5.When he thought that he would be faced with completely new surroundings, a flood of anxiety welled up in him.　当他想到他将面临全新的环境时，一阵焦虑涌上了他的心头。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．It is our belief(believe) that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger economy.
2．We'll learn more and more what our tolerance(tolerant) is.
3．What is well-known to us all is that China is a country with a long history and is also distinguished(distinguish) for many a traditional art.
4．The singer is regarded as a representative (represent) of the youth of her generation.
5．I have to plan my academic work very rigidly (rigid) and set myself clear objectives.
6．I've had a lifelong fascination(fascinate) with the sea and with small boats.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Wherever we are today, we owe it to our parents who have given and taught us so much.
2．With him leading us, we have belief in our future and we will gain success sooner or later.
3．What angered me was that my car broke down on the way to my company.
4．Recent research shows that teenagers who have trouble concentrating should be blamed on the use of mobile phones.
5．After years of dedicated research, he distinguished himself as a pioneer in renewable energy technology.
6．It is more meaningful to contribute books and sports goods to children in need.
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．老师手里拿着一本书在教室里来来回回地走动。
The teacher was walking back and forth in the classroom, with a book in his hand．
2．在这位优秀的篮球教练的带领下，校篮球队赢得过许多荣誉。
Led by the excellent basketball coach, the school basketball team has won many honors.
3．中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。
The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.
4．对学生来说，与他们的老师建立友好关系并不罕见。
It is not uncommon for students to have friendly relationship with their teachers.
5．考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书很适合她。
(1)Given/Seeing that she is interested in children, teaching is the right job for her.
(2)Given/Considering her interest in children, teaching is the right job for her.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研选必四U1】
The Road Not Taken
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth；
Then took the other, as just as fair，
And having perhaps the better claim，
Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
Though as for that, the passing there
Had worn them really about the same，
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence：
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by，
And that has made all the difference.
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change. The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so. Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.
1．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The introduction of Robert Frost.
B．The introduction of The Road Not Taken.
C．The appreciation of The Road Not Taken.
D．Facing the future with energy and optimism.
2．What is the attitude of the poet towards the road that he did not choose
A．He thinks he will ever have the opportunity in the future．
B．He feels regretful not to choose both roads.
C．He doesn't care about the choice.
D．He has been hesitating about the choice.
3．Why is The Road Not Taken one of the most famous American poems of all time
A．Because its natural style.
B．Because its thoughtful insights into human nature．
C．Because its lines are set to music.
D．Both A and B.
4．What do two roads in a yellow wood in the poem symbolize
A.The choices we face and the decisions we need to make.
B．Love and affection.
C．The hope for the future.
D．The ordinary road we take every day.
答案：1～4.CBDA
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·龙岩市一级校联盟期中)Over the years, when a book has spoken to me with particular power, I have put pen to paper and sent word off to the author, communicating what his work meant to me.
It all started in my 18th year, when I was entertaining my own imaginations of success as a writer.I was full of high expectations, believing that becoming an author was merely a matter of putting my thoughts onto paper, sending the works to a publisher, and waiting for fame to come.Nevertheless, what came was total disappointment.I wrote to the famous children's author Lloyd Alexander, describing my fruitless year-long effort at publication and asking him for direction.To my delight, he answered：“Advice is always very easy to give, but it's very hard to make it specific and meaningful since we all have to work in our own ways.When you mention that you've been writing for a year without being published, I hasten to tell you that I wrote seven times that long without being published! So, perhaps one piece of advice is: patience.”
I was encouraged by the idea that a well-regarded writer would take the time to offer a bit of advice to an overconfident teen.But Mr.Alexander was not a singular case (个别现象).I continued to reach out to writers and, truth to tell, I didn't always receive a reply.But when I did get one, the content was often filled with consideration and even, at times, affection.
I think of the American poet William Stafford, who replied to me from Lake Oswego, Oregon.We actually had an ongoing correspondence (通信) for a while.I wrote to him asking if he would be so kind as to autograph (签名) one of his books for me.His reply brought an immediate smile to my face: “I am eagerly ready to autograph and return a book—it makes me feel like an author.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在成为作家的路上，给一些著名的作家写信，他们的建议和反馈让作者受益良多的故事。
1．What happened to the author when he was 18
A．He won fame as a young writer.
B．He was forced to give up writing.
C．He met a famous children's author.
D．He failed to get his works published.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It all started in my 18th year...what came was total disappointment.”可知，在作者18岁的时候，他的作品未能出版。
2．What advice did Lloyd Alexander offer to the author
A．Being independent of others.
B．Making decisions without hesitation.
C．Keeping on trying and being patient.
D．Regarding every piece of writing as meaningful.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When you mention...perhaps one piece of advice is: patience.”可知，劳埃德·亚历山大建议作者坚持尝试，保持耐心。
3．What did the author think of William Stafford
A．He hated to reply to a letter.
B．He was friendly and approachable.
C．He longed to be a successful writer.
D．He was always ready to lend his books.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“His reply brought an immediate smile to my face”可推知，作者认为威廉·斯塔福德很友好且平易近人。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Writing to the Writers in My Life
B．My Idea About Writing
C．Growing Up with Writing
D．My Rise as a Writer
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章举的作者与劳埃德·亚历山大和威廉·斯塔福德通信的例子可知，本文主要讲述了作者在成为作家的路上，给一些著名的作家写信，他们的建议和反馈让作者受益良多。
B
Writing poetry can seem frightening. However, with the right inspiration (灵感) and approach, you can write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends.
A poem might start as a piece of a verse, a line or two that seems to come out of nowhere, or an image you cannot get out of your head. You can find inspiration for your poem by doing writing exercises and using the world around you. Once you have inspiration, you can then shape your thoughts into a poem.
You may also be inspired by going for a walk in your neighborhood or to your favorite spot in the city. You may observe people on a park bench or in a public square and use moments from your observations as the inspiration for a poem. You could try writing a poem about a person who is important to you in your life, such as your mother or your best friend. You could use the person as inspiration for your poem.
You can start your poem by focusing on a specific (特定的) theme or idea that you find attractive or interesting. Picking a specific theme or idea to focus on in the poem can give your poem a clear goal or point. This can make it easier for you to limit what images and descriptions you are going to use in your poem. For example, you may decide to write a poem around the theme of “love and friendship”. You may then think about specific moments in your life when you experienced love and friendship as well as how you would characterize love and friendship based on your relationships with others.
There are many different poetic forms that you can use, from free verse to sonnet (十四行诗) to rhyming couplet (押韵两行诗). You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use, such as free verse, or a form that you find more challenging, such as sonnet. Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive (连贯的) to your readers.
【解题导语】　很多人想要学会写诗，文章给了我们一些这方面的建议。
5．What is important when it comes to poem writing according to paragraphs 2 and 3
A．Looking for inspiration around us.
B．Having a gift for poem writing.
C．Knowing the structures of poems.
D．Being supported by people around us.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once you have inspiration...into a poem.”及第三段中的“You may also be inspired by...your favorite spot in the city.”可知，要想写诗，寻找灵感很重要。
6．What does the example of writing a poem around the theme of “love and friendship” show
A．Inspiration is everywhere around us.
B．We can be encouraged by love and friendship.
C．Picking a specific theme or idea is important.
D．We should write about things we're familiar with.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Picking a specific theme or idea to focus on...going to use in your poem.”可知，这个例子是为了表明选择一个特定的主题或想法的重要性。
7．Who would most probably try writing a sonnet
A．Someone who wants to make his poem feel cohesive to his/her readers.
B．Someone who wants to try a difficult form of poetry.
C．Someone who tries to write a poem the first time.
D．Someone who dislikes the structure of poems.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“a form that you find more challenging, such as sonnet”可知，想要体验更难的诗歌体裁的人会尝试写十四行诗。
8．What does this passage mainly talk about
A．Some forms of poems.
B．Some tips to write poems.
C．The author's experience of writing poems.
D．Some tips to overcome the fear of writing poems.
B　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一些写诗的建议。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I will never forget one summer in my childhood. While walking in the attic (阁楼), I stepped on something and __1__ down, with my hand landing on a floorboard. When I __2__ and looked inside the open space: There was gold in there! I __3__ a handful of shining gold cubes, ran to the bottom stair and __4__， “Mama, I found gold up there under the floor！”
When Mama opened the door and __5__ her head in, she __6__ said, “Honey, that's insulation (隔热材料).Now put it all back.”
I felt really disappointed. I had thought I made a real __7__．
When I __8__ inside to put the fake gold back, my hand touched an old book: Bartlett's Familiar Quotations.
I spent quite much time on it and found __9__ in these pages. As I didn't know how to express things clearly, I often __10__ to talk about them. This book helped me __11__ that I didn't need to feel ashamed or __12__．
Over the years, I've kept my original __13__， which to this day I often refer to. Although it was a __14__ to find the book, it liberated me in a way.
The book discovered under those floorboards was, __15__， gold.
【解题导语】　作者童年时期在阁楼意外发现了一本宝藏书，被其中的内容吸引，并且收获良多。
1．A.slowed B．calmed
C．looked D．fell
D　解析：根据上文中的“I stepped on something”及下文中的“with my hand landing on a floorboard”可推知，作者踩住了某个东西然后摔倒(fall)了。
2．A.bent over B．showed up
C．lay down D．broke in
A　解析：根据上文及语境可知，作者俯下身(bend over)去看，发现地板下面有金子。
3．A.stole B．produced
C．seized D．hid
C　解析：根据下文中的a handful of以及“to put the fake gold back”可推知，作者当时抓(seize)了一把金块，朝楼下跑去。
4．A.yelled B．sighed
C．admitted D．complained
A　解析：根据空后的“Mama, I found gold”可推知，作者当时非常兴奋，所以会大喊(yell)。
5．A.nodded B．stuck
C．lowered D．lifted
B　解析：根据空后的her head in可知，母亲把门打开，把头伸了进去，只是(simply)说那是隔热材料。stick one's head in意为“将头伸进去”。
6．A.simply B．thoughtfully
C．honestly D．angrily
A　解析：参见上题解析。
7．A.difference B．choice
C．mistake D．discovery
D　解析：根据上文中的“I found gold up there under the floor”及语境可知，作者当时真的以为自己有了一个大发现(discovery)。
8．A.sat B．slid
C．reached D．walked
C　解析：根据下文中的“my hand touched an old book”可知，作者将手伸(reach)进去，将“假金子”放了回去。
9．A.sympathy B．comfort
C．honor D．doubt
B　解析：根据上文中的“I spent quite much time on it”可知，当时因为有了这本书，作者乏味的生活有了一些安慰(comfort)。
10．A.tended B．offered
C．managed D．hesitated
D　解析：根据上文中的“I didn't know how to express things clearly”可知，因为作者不知道如何清楚地表达事件，所以在谈及它们的时候经常迟疑(hesitate)。
11．A.expect B．remember
C．realize D．imagine
C　解析：根据下文中的“I didn't need to feel ashamed”及语境可知，这本书让作者意识到(realize)，当自己表达不好的时候，不需要感到羞愧或尴尬(embarrassed)。
12．A.embarrassed B．satisfied
C．astonished D．tired
A　解析：参见上题解析。
13．A.mind B．copy
C．plan D．file
B　解析：根据空前的original及语境可推知，多年来，作者一直保存着自己当年发现的那本书。copy在文中意为“一本，一册”。
14．A.dilemma B．disaster
C．pity D．coincidence
D　解析：根据上文可知，作者当时发现这本书纯属巧合(coincidence)，但即便如此，这本书却在某种程度上解放了作者。
15．A.still B．indeed
C．normally D．hopefully
B　解析：根据上文中的“it liberated me in a way”可知，这本书让作者在某种程度上得到解放，对作者而言的确(indeed)是金子。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Potted landscape art, praised as “silent poetry” and “living sculptures”， is a rare and 1.__________(delight) Chinese art form. In a pot no larger than a washbasin, smart craftsmen create a miniature reproduction of a natural scene 2.____________(use) plants, rocks and even water.
In general, the potted landscapes fall into two 3.____________(category): potted landscapes composed of plants (potted plants) and those made of stones and water.
The potted plants are made of old, short stumps (树桩) that can be easily changed into a 4.____________(desire) shape by hanging, binding, de-leafing and grafting (嫁接). Some are made to look like moving beasts, some like flying birds, and others like imaginary animals.
5．____________(make) the second form of landscapes, the stones must be carved, chemically changed and arranged in a pretty pan pot dotted with miniature pavilions, bridges, boats, lichen (地衣) and other plants. With the finest workmanship, the elements are arranged to agree with 6.____________ laws of nature, reflecting the natural scenery with poetic charm: “Mountains extending hundreds of miles all 7.____________(contain) in a pot so small.”
Making potted landscapes demands painstaking efforts and 8.____________ takes a long time to complete one. Sometimes, a craftsperson devotes all of his/her life to a piece of artwork so later generations can enjoy it to the fullest.
Potted landscapes may be as long as nine metres 9.____________ less than 1 metre. However, the finished product looks heroic and grand, 10.____________ lofty, famous mountains, vast deserts, and endless seas combined and contained into one pot.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了盆景艺术被誉为“无声的诗” “活的雕塑”，是中国难得的、令人赏心悦目的艺术形式。
1．delightful　解析：考查形容词。根据and连接的rare可知，空处应为形容词形式，共同构成并列形容词，修饰空后的名词短语Chinese art form。
2．using　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，use和逻辑主语smart craftsmen之间为主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。
3．categories　解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的two可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。
4．desired/desirable　解析：考查形容词。根据空后名词shape并分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词desired/desirable，意为“想要的”，作定语修饰名词。
5．To make　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式形式，表示“为了……”，作目的状语。
6．the　解析：考查冠词。根据laws of nature可知，此处为特指表示“自然规律”，应用定冠词the。
7．are contained　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，Mountains和动词contain之间为被动关系，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，且主语Mountains是复数，be动词应用are。
8．it　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，it takes some time to do sth.意为“花时间做某事”，为固定句型。
9．or　解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，此处为连词or表示“或者”连接前后部分。
10．with　解析：考查with复合结构。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构作状语。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the main idea of the passage
A．Li Bai's romantic style.
B．Li Bai's personal experience.
C．Li Bai's extraordinary imagination.
D．Li Bai's life and his romantic poetry.
答案：D
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1．What does Li Bai's poem “A Night Stay at a Mountain Temple” show
A．His striking imagination.
B．His happy teenage life.
C．His unusual character.
D．His living surroundings.
2．What can we know from the passage
A.Li Bai is considered as the greatest romantic poet of China.
B．Li Bai lived in a time of economic decline and social instability.
C．Most of Li Bai's poems are characterized by the romantic style.
D．Only Chinese people like Li Bai's poetry and romantic style.
3．What is the purpose of quoting Li Bai's two poems according to the passage
A.To introduce and explain Li Bai's romantic writing style.
B．To attract the readers' interest to read his poems.
C．To let the readers love Li Bai's poetry.
D．To let the readers like this passage.
答案：1～3.ACA
Li Bai loved reading and 1.travelling(travel) from an early age, which contributed to his romantic style. By reading all kinds of books, from legends to historical stories, he acquired the 2.wisdom(wise) of previous generations. He started to travel around in his early 3.twenties(twenty) and his travelling experiences inspired him to write numerous poems in the romantic style. His romantic style was also 4.deeply(deep) rooted in the social and historical context in which he lived.In his poems，Li Bai expresses his strong feelings freely, which breathes vitality 5.into the lifeless objects he describes, and which 6.distinguishes(distinguish) him from other landscape poets.These features are inseparable from Li Bai's wide use of exaggeration, metaphor 7.and other artistic techniques. Li Bai is widely recognized as the 8.greatest(great) romantic poet after Qu Yuan.Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe 9.a debt to his inspirational poems.Today, Li Bai's poetry continues to be enjoyed by 10.countless(count) readers around the world.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．rigid adj.　　 　A．自由
2．era n. B．津贴，补助；限额；零花钱
3．hence adv. C．霜；霜冻，严寒天气
4．dare vi.& vt. D．死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
5．Confucianism n. E．时代，年代
6．encounter vt. F．给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格
7．boom n. G．生命力，活力，热情
8．liberty n. H．因此，由此
9．vitality n. I．敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事)
10．frost n. J．棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的
11．entitle vt. K．偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
12．allowance n. L．儒家，儒学，孔子学说
13．unforgiving adj. M．(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣
答案：1～5.DEHIL　6～10.KMAGC　11～13.FBJ
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．break with the ideals 打破理想
2．undergo a process 经历一个过程
3．advocate going back to nature 提倡回归自然
4．in the beautiful Lake District 在美丽的湖区
5．bend in the undergrowth　　 在灌木丛中转弯
6．the better claim 更好的说法
7．be cast into the mirror 被投射进镜子里
8．owe a debt to his inspirational poems
对他的励志诗情有独钟
9．blame it on you 把它归咎于你
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．novelist n．小说家→novel n．(长篇)小说
2．industrialization n．工业化→industry n．工业；产业；行业→industrial adj.工业的，产业的
3．belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→believe v．相信；信任
4．striking adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的→strike vt.撞击，突然袭击；时钟报时
5．characterize vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画→characteristic n．特征，特色；特点 adj.特有的；典型的
6．stability n．稳定(性)，稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；安定的
7．tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的→tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．宽容；忍耐力
8．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.尊贵的；卓越的；杰出的
9．representative adj.典型的，有代表性的n.典型人物，代表性人物；代表→represent v．代表
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The sports club decided to break with(破除) some of the past practices.
2．Artificial intelligence has already had a huge impact on(对……有巨大的影响) our lives in many ways.
3．Alcohol contributes to(导致) more than 100，000 deaths every year in this country.
4．The teacher's words were deeply rooted in(植根于) his mind and he was determined to spare no effort to finish his studies.
5．The customer praised the manager, who, in turn(转而), praised his staff.
6．Before birth, babies can distinguish their mother's voice from(把……和……区分开) that of a female stranger.
7．Mr. Wang is widely recognized as(被公认为) one of the most skilled workers in our company.
8．We must make allowance for(考虑到) the traffic, so let's start half an hour earlier.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．with复合结构
With striking imagination in expressions(以惊人的想象力) like “scaring dwellers on high”， this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.(Para.1)
[分析]　此句中还包含which引导的非限制性定语从句。
2．过去分词短语作原因状语
Driven by a burning desire(在强烈欲望的驱使下) for adventure and travel, Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(Para.3)
3．given介词短语作状语
Given his personal experiences and the historical background(鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景), it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai's poems are characterized by the romantic style.(Para.5)
4．双重否定结构
Even the most uninformed reader would not fail to be impressed(对……印象深刻) by the poet's rich imagination.(Para.5)
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break with sth. 与某事终止关联，破除
【经典例句】
①(教材P48)The aim of the Romantics was to break with the ideals of the 18th century.
浪漫主义的目的是打破18世纪的典范。
②(外研必修二U6)It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper.
塑料需要花费上百年的时间才能分解，但纸张分解所需的时间则少得多。
break down　　　 崩溃；分解；(机器)发生
故障；(计划等)失败
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生
break up 打碎；分裂；解体；破裂
break through 取得突破
break away from 脱离；打破(陈规、陋习)
【语境辨义/完成句子】
(1)In other words, your health will break down if you work overtime every day. (身体) 垮掉
(2)The exchange program aims to break down the barriers among different cultures by mutual learning. 消除
(3)The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (谈判) 失败
(4)据说两百座房子在几年前的那场大火中被烧毁了。
It is said that two hundred houses were burned down in the fire which broke out a few years ago．
(5)她正努力改掉这个坏习惯，这将使她的生活更有活力并更有成效。
She is trying to break away from the bad habit, which will enable her to live a more energetic and productive life.
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advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡
n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
【经典例句】 As an advocate of lifelong learning, she encourages people to continue educating themselves beyond formal schooling.
作为一名终身学习的倡导者，她鼓励人们在正规学校教育之外继续提升自我。
(1)advocate doing sth.　　 提倡做某事
advocate that...(should) do sth. 主张/提倡……做某事
(2)an advocate of sth. 某事的拥护者
a leading advocate 主要倡导者
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)Labour not only creates a better environment for us to live in but also advocates(advocate) the spirit of diligence.
(2)The reason why we advocate building(build) a low-carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.
(3)随着世界环境日的临近，我倡议做好我们的分内事来保护环境。
→With World Environmental Day approaching, I advocate doing our part to protect the environment．
→With World Environmental Day approaching, I advocate that we (should) do our part to protect the environment．[应用文写作之倡议书]
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belief n.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心
【经典例句】 His strong belief in the importance of community service led him to volunteer at a local homeless shelter every week.
他坚信社区服务的重要性，因此每周都在当地一家无家可归者收容所做志愿者。
(1)hold the firm belief that... 坚信……
have belief in...　　 相信……
beyond belief 难以置信；不可信
(2)believe v. 相信；信任
believe in 相信……的存在；信任；信赖
believe it or not 信不信由你
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
(1)His ability to solve a puzzle is beyond belief.
(2)There is a general belief(believe) that things will soon get better.
(3)I firmly believe that he is a kind and warm-hearted man.
→I hold the firm belief that he is a kind and warm-hearted man.
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claim n.声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
【经典例句】 The company has issued a statement claiming that the new product is environmentally friendly.
该公司已发表声明，宣称新产品是环保的。
(1)make a claim for sth.　 对某事物提出赔偿要求
(2)claim to do sth./that... 声称做某事/……
claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事
It is claimed that... 据称……
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)The scientist claimed to have discovered(discover) a new kind of medicine.
(2)It is claimed(claim) that humour can help patients recover faster.
(3)他昨晚激动地给我打了一个电话，声称他看到了那位知名的科学家。
→He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night and claimed that he had seen the well-known scientist．
→He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night and claimed to have seen the well-known scientist．
→He made a telephone call to me with excitement last night, claiming to have seen the well-known scientist．(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈52半G.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈52半G.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
contribute v.促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献；捐献；投稿
【经典例句】
①(教材P53)Li Bai's love of reading and travelling from an early age contributed to his romantic style.
李白从小就喜欢读书和旅游，这成就了他的浪漫主义风格。
②(北师大选必一U2)She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport, which has made her the most popular figure in China's volleyball history.
她成为排球明星已经超过35年了并为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献，这使她成为中国排球史上最受欢迎的人物。
(1)contribute...to...　 把……捐献给……
contribute to (doing) 有助于；导致；投稿
(2)contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠
make contributions/a contribution to...
对……做出贡献
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Doing small things well contributes to building(build) up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.
(2)The scientist was rewarded by the government for having made such a great contribution(contribute) to the country.
(3)(2022·全国甲卷满分作文)我建议大家共同努力，为海洋保护做出贡献。
I make a proposal that we(should) make joint efforts to make contributions/a contribution to ocean protection. [应用文写作之倡议书]
INCLUDEPICTURE "联想发散.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../联想发散.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
“导致”的其他表达有lead to、result in、cause、bring about、give rise to、generate等。
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈6半.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈6半.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的
【经典例句】
①(教材P54)This open and tolerant atmosphere allowed Li Bai the liberty to develop a free and unconstrained personality, which, in turn, had a huge impact on his poetic production.
这种开放与宽容的氛围使李白有了自由自在、无拘无束的个性，进而对他的诗歌创作产生了巨大的影响。
②He is tolerant of different opinions and respects everyone's right to express themselves.
他对不同意见持宽容态度，并尊重每个人表达自己观点的权利。
(1)be tolerant of/toward(s) sth. 对某事(物)持宽容态度
(2)tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受
tolerate (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事
(3)tolerance n. 宽容；忍耐力
【单句语法填空/同义替换】
(1)He has a very tolerant(tolerate) attitude towards other traditions.
(2)If neighbours want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance(tolerate).
(3)I can't tolerate you speaking(speak) to your parents in such a rude manner.
(4)When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
→When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put up with/stand．
INCLUDEPICTURE "联想发散.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../联想发散.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
“忍受”的其他表达有stand、bear、put up with等。
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈72半G.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈72半G.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有
别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众
【经典例句】
①(教材P54)Equally impressive is Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈情感的自由抒发，这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机，也使他有别于其他山水诗人。
②As far as we all know, she has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world.
正如我们所知，她已经成为世界上一名杰出的排球教练。
(1)distinguish between...and... 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from... 使……有别于……；把……与……区分开
distinguish oneself (as...) (作为……)表现突出
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的；高贵的
be distinguished for 因……杰出/闻名
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)As our distinguished(distinguish) foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot.
(2)泰山以其美丽的景色和丰富的文化而闻名，吸引着世界各地的游客。
Mount Tai is distinguished for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, attracting visitors all over the world.
(3)他是色盲，不容易区分红色和绿色。
He's colour-blind and can't distinguish between red and green/distinguish red from green easily．
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈82半G.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈82半G.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
representative adj.典型的，有代表性的　n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表
【经典例句】 This product is representative of the high quality standards that our company strives for.
这款产品代表了我们公司力求达到的高质量标准。
(1)be representative of...　　 代表……；是……的代表
(2)represent v. 代表；象征；表示；描绘；声称
represent sb./sth. as/to be... 宣称某人为……/把某事叙述为……
represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明/传达某事
(3)stand for 代表；象征
on behalf of sb.(＝on one's behalf) 为了某人；代表某人
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)You should represent your complaints to the management.
(2)She represents herself as the kindest mother in the world.
(3)They are the representatives(representative) of ancient civilisation and the wisdom of ancient folks．
(4)我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你有关即将到来的排球比赛的一些事宜。
→Representing our school, I'm glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.
→On behalf of our school, I'm glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.[应用文写作之告知信]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈92半G.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈92半G.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于……；应感谢
【经典例句】 She owes her life to the brave actions of the firefighter who rescued her from the burning building.
她能够活下来，全靠那位消防员在燃烧的大楼里英勇地将她救出。
(1)owe sb. an apology　 该向某人道歉
owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物
(2)owe...to... 把……归功于……
owe it to sb. that... 多亏某人……
(3)owing to 因为；由于
【单句语法填空/词汇/句式升级】
(1)I owe my great progress in English learning to my English teacher.
(2)I owe it to him that I have succeeded in academic performances.
(3)Thanks to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Peking University.
→It was owing to his optimism and perseverance that he was admitted into Peking University. (强调句型)
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈10半.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈10半.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
debt n.人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务
【经典例句】
①(教材P54)Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe a debt to his inspirational poems.　一代又一代的中外诗人都对他的励志诗情有独钟。
②Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.
他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作着失败的斗争。
in debt　　　　　　　　 欠款；欠债
be/get out of debt 摆脱债务
get/run/fall into debt 陷入债务
pay off one's debts 还清某人的债务
repay the debt 偿还债务
owe sb.a debt 欠某人人情
【补全句子/完成句子】
(1)She was in debt(欠债) when she was poor, but she has been out of debt(摆脱债务) since she started to take control of her finances and make wise decisions with her money.
(2)If you spend more money with your credit cards than you can earn, you will get/run/fall into debt(陷入债务之中)before you know it.
(3)Tom has worked hard recently and is looking forward to paying off all his debts(还清他所有的债务) as soon as possible.
(4)你对我太好了，我永远都还不清欠你的人情。
You are so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe you．
[应用文写作之感谢信]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈112半G.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈112半G.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责
n．责任，责备，指责
【经典例句】 (外研选必一U5)The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.
平塔岛象龟的灭绝归咎于人类。
(1)blame sb./sth.for... 因……而责备某人/事
blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for...) (对……)负责；(因……)应受指责
(2)take/bear/accept the blame for... 为……承担责任
put/lay the blame (for sth.) on... (因某事)把责任归咎于……
【单句语法填空/语段写作】
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)These days you can see traffic jams around schools at drop-off and pick-up times. But it's hard to blame(blame) the parents.
(2)(北师大选必一U3)Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to blame(blame).
(3)当和他人相处时，我们不应该总把错误归咎于他人。我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责他人。
When getting along with others，we shouldn't always blame others for mistakes/blame mistakes on others/put/lay the blame for mistakes on others. So instead of blaming others, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' shoes.[应用文写作之人际交往]
INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../温馨提示A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
“be to blame for sth.”意为“应为某事负责或受指责”，其中动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈12半.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈12半.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
with复合结构
【经典例句】
①(教材P53)With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”， this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.
这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样的表达方式展现出惊人的想象力，已经显示出浪漫主义风格的迹象，这也是后来李白诗歌的特点。
②(外研选必一U2)After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.
在总共被拒绝了12次之后，终于有一家出版商同意出版她的第一本书并印刷了500本。后来，正如我们所知的，《哈利·波特》在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成70多种不同的语言。
with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为：
(1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词；
(2)with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)；
(3)with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)；
(4)with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作，其中动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义)　
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修二U4)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted(dot) with sheep and cattle.
(2)With an important class meeting to attend(attend), I can't accompany you to the library this afternoon.[应用文写作之道歉信]
(3)Tom threw himself into his mother's arms, with tears of shame and embarrassment welling(well) up in his eyes.读后续写之情绪描写
(4)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)冈特把出租车停在公共汽车后面，转过身来，他看着我，脸上带着灿烂的笑容。
Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face．[读后续写之情绪描写]
INCLUDEPICTURE "圈13半.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../圈13半.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
given介词短语作状语
【经典例句】
①(教材P54)Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai's poems are characterized by the romantic style.
鉴于李白的个人经历和历史背景，我们可以很自然看出李白的大部分诗歌都具有浪漫主义风格。
②(人教选必一U5)Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到袁隆平的杂交水稻使他变得相当富有，人们可能认为他已经退休，享受闲适的生活。
教材原句中“Given his personal experiences and the historical background”是介词短语在句中作状语。given 在此为介词，意为“鉴于、考虑到”。
given that　　　　　　　　 鉴于；考虑到(后接状语从句)
considering (that) 鉴于；考虑到
seeing (that)... 鉴于；考虑到
provided/providing (that)... 如果，假设；在……条件下
suppose/supposing (that)... 假定，假设，设想
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Considering(consider) there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still optimistic about the future of VR
(2)We'll buy everything you produce, provided/providing(provide) the price is right.
(3)鉴于你要参加中国诗歌朗诵比赛，我想给你提供一些实际的建议。
Given/Considering that you will take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest, I'd like to offer you some practical advice.[应用文写作之建议信]
INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课堂微练即时检验.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The mother didn't put the blame for breaking the glass on the little boy, saying she herself was to blame(blame).
2．Owing(owe) to bad weather, the next flight will be cancelled.
3．With too much work to do(do), I suffer from anxiety and can't sleep well at night.
4．Their lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us.
5．The award-winning novelist(novel) often has three or four books on the go at once.
6．The air was still, but it was cold and frosty(frost).
7．Luckily, the house was empty when the fire broke out．
8．It was because of poor management and lack of experience that Smith got into debt, which eventually led to the shutdown of his business.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我们主张一切冲突都应以和平方式解决。
We advocate that all conflicts (should) be resolved in a peaceful way．
2．听到我的话，大卫颤抖地朝我转过身来，眼泪夺眶而出。
Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes．
3．假如你在即将来临的考试中失败，你该怎么办？　
Given that you were failing in the coming exam, what should you do
4．你应该以适当的方式把任务分解，以便你能按时完成。
You should break down your tasks in an appropriate way so that you can finish them on time.
5．阅读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。
Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong．INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../博览万象1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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贸易与交流
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【高频词汇】
1．transport n.　　　　　　 运输
2．commerce n. 商业；贸易
3．variety n. 多样化
4．civilization n. 文明
5．fleet n. 舰队
6．bloom v. 发展；繁荣；兴旺
7．possess v. 拥有；占有
8．currency n. 货币；通货
9．initiate v. 开始；传授
10．tribute n. 贡品
11．flourish v. 繁荣
12．merchant n. 商人
【话题佳句】
1．(人教选必四U3)In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road.　在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路后来就是闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。
2．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.　这项倡议的目的是鼓励历史上的丝绸之路地区之间的合作与贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
3．(外研选必四U3)On the old Silk Road, this city was the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place where East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert.
这座城市坐落在古丝绸之路上，曾经是古代中国的门户、东西方交汇的地方，也是沙漠中的绿岛。
4．This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.
通过“一带一路”倡议，本世纪再次让丝绸之路焕发生机。
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In China, shop signs are of two major categories: one is signboard 1.where the name of the shop is given; the other is trade sign, giving the line of business. The signboard is usually in the shape of a wooden board and the trade sign often gives the commodities 2.to be sold(sell) or items or services by means of images.
Not until the Song Dynasty, shop signs 3.were used(use) chiefly in restaurants and teahouses, and then drugstores, medicated plaster (膏药) shops and hotels started to have a piece of cloth 4.hanging(hang) in front of the door showing trade signs. The masterpiece Along the River During the Qingming Festival(《清明上河图》) displays a prosperous and noisy scene of the streets in the capital, with rows and rows of stores carrying shop signs of different types clearly 5.seen(see).
When it came to the Ming and Qing dynasties, shop signs became numerous in 6.variety(various) following the blooming of market-place commerce, which fall 7.largely(large) into four categories: image sign, written sign, material object sign and symbol sign.
The image sign refers to the models of the commodities sold in the shop. In written signs, words were written or engraved 8.as shop sign. Generally there were single-type sign and compound-type sign. The single sign was simple and clear at 9.a glance, such as a big character “pawn”(典当物) indicating a pawn shop. The compound-type sign gave first place to figures accompanied by related words.
The material object sign refers to the sample goods hung at the door of a shop while the symbol sign was originally a sign of the shop, something like the present-day logo, which was accepted by the public in the 10.passage(pass) of years.
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Assistive Intelligence: AI Can Bring Back a Person's Own Voice
Adapted from The Economist 2024.12.14
Pedro, a former IT security specialist, was forced to quit his job in 2021 when his motor-neurone disease (MND) worsened. He can no longer get around without the assistance of his wife or carer and is largely non-verbal.
But when Pedro speaks, his lightly accented English flows with ease. His voice is generated by an artificial-intelligence model, trained on clips recorded before he lost his speech. His words, too, are generated, by a large language model (LLM) fine-tuned on his writing.
A smartphone app sits between Pedro and his interlocutors (交谈的另一方), transcribing what they say. It then generates three possible responses for him, playing them through headphones one at a time. A monitor resembling a sweatband (束发带) sits on his forehead, waiting for an eyebrow movement that he uses to select a response. The eyebrow is one of the last muscles over which most MND patients lose conscious control.
That's not to say the system is perfect. A conversation crammed into multiple-choice options is a frustrating limitation; at times, Pedro was upset about the limited responses available. When trying to explain how long he had lived in Lisbon, the most accurate answer correctly said where he had moved from, but claimed not to know when.
The system, dubbed Halo, is a project at Unbabel, a tech company based in Lisbon. Pedro used eye-tracking software to control a computer. But the hardware required is huge, and every time he moves it must be recalibrated from scratch. In contrast, the Halo band can be worn on the go, in the car or even in a bath, giving him speech where he had none. And the system is modular (模块化的): when using eye-tracking to type, he says, he prefers to use the Halo voice—his own voice—to speak the answers.
eq \a\vs4\al()
1．assistive adj.辅助的
2．specialist n．专家
3．worsen v．恶化
4．get around四处走动
5．largely adv.基本上；主要地
6．accented adj.带……口音的
7．generate v．产生
8．clip n．片段
9．fine-tune v．优化；微调
10．transcribe v．转录为文字
11．resemble v．相似
12．conscious adj.有意识的
13．cram into挤进
14．limitation n．限制
15．claim v．声称
16．dub v．戏称
17．recalibrate v．重新校正
18．from scratch从头开始
19．on the go方便携带
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Due to worsened MND, Pedro cannot 1.get around or speak. He uses 2.an AI-based system to communicate. Despite its limitations, this modular Halo system offers more convenience than his previous eye-tracking method.
1.A monitor resembling a sweatband sits on his forehead, waiting for an eyebrow movement that he uses to select a response.
[分析]　句中resembling a sweatband作后置定语，修饰A monitor；“waiting for...a response”作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词movement。
[翻译]　一个类似束发带的监控器戴在他头上，等待着他用眉毛的移动来选择回应。
2.The eyebrow is one of the last muscles over which most MND patients lose conscious control.
[分析]　句中“over which...control”为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
[翻译]　眉毛是大多数运动神经元疾病患者最后失去意识控制的肌肉之一。
3.When trying to explain how long he had lived in Lisbon, the most accurate answer correctly said where he had moved from, but claimed not to know when.
[分析]　句中“When trying to explain how long he had lived in Lisbon”为when引导的状语从句的省略，其中how long引导宾语从句；where引导宾语从句。
[翻译]　当他试图解释在里斯本住了多久时，最准确的答案正确地说出了他是从哪里搬来的，但声称不知道是什么时候。
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Beth Finds the Palace Beautiful—1
Excerpt from Little Women
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美国南北战争时期，一个普通家庭的四个姐妹的成长之路。
The big house was declared① to be a Palace Beautiful by all, though it took some time for all to get in, and little Beth found it particularly difficult to pass the lines②. After old Mr. Laurence's visit, none of the girls felt too afraid of him, except shy Beth. At first, the girls were unwilling③ to accept favors④ which they could not return, as Mr. Laurence was quite wealthy, and the March girls were not. But, after a while, they found that Mr. Laurence was grateful for⑤ their attention to his grandson. So they soon forgot their pride⑥.
Everyone liked Laurie and he privately (私下地) informed⑦ his tutor that “the Marches were splendid girls.” With the delightful eagerness⑧ of youth, they took the lonely boy into their company⑨. Never having known⑩ mother or sisters, he enjoyed their company a great deal .
What good times they had! Such plays, walks and evenings in the sitting room, and now and then such happy little parties at the great house. Meg could walk into the indoor garden whenever she liked, Jo looked over the new library, and Amy copied pictures and enjoyed the beauty of the place.
But Beth, though wishing for the grand (有气派的) piano, did not have the courage to go to the Laurences' home. She went once with Jo, but the old gentleman, not being aware of her shy manner, stared at her, and said “Hey！” so loud that he frightened her. She told her mother, and she ran away, declaring she would never go there anymore, not even for the dear piano. Someone had told Mr. Laurence of this, and he decided he must mend (改善) the matter quickly. During one of his brief visits, he spoke about his love for music. Beth listened carefully, slowly moving closer to him.
“The boy neglects his music now, and I'm glad of it, for he was getting too fond of it. But the piano suffers now, as there is no one else to use it.Wouldn't some of your girls like to run over and practice on it, ma'am？”
Beth took a step forward, still not saying a word.
“They don't need to see or speak to anyone，” he continued, “but run in at any time. I'm usually in my study at the other end of the house, and Laurie is out a great deal, and the servants are never near there after nine o'clock. Well, please tell the young ladies what I say, and if they don't care to come, well, never mind.”
Then, he stood up suddenly, moving toward the door. Here a little hand slipped into his, and Beth looked up at him with a face full of gratitude ， as she said—
“Oh, sir, they do care, very, very much！”
“Are you the musical girl？” he asked gently.
“I'm Beth. I love it dearly, and I'll come, if you are quite sure nobody will hear me—and be disturbed ，” she added ， fearing to be rude.
“No one will be nearby, my dear. The house is empty half the day, so come and play as much as you like.”
“How kind you are, sir！”
The old gentleman softly stroked (轻抚) her hair, and stooped (俯身) down to kiss her on the cheek, saying—
“I had a little girl once, with eyes like these.Good day, madam.”And away he went in a great hurry .
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①declare v．宣布
②此处为“find＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语(动词不定式)”结构。
③unwilling adj.不乐意的
④favor n．恩惠
⑤be grateful for对……感激
⑥pride n．自尊心
⑦inform v．告知
⑧eagerness n．热情
⑨company [熟词生义] n．陪伴
⑩此处为v.-ing的否定形式作状语。
a great deal大量；很多
此处为what引导的感叹句，其结构为“what＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。
此处为名词短语充当短句，更能营造出一种轻松、愉快的聚会氛围。
courage n．勇气
be aware of意识到
stare at凝视
此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
brief adj.简短的
此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
neglect v．忽略；不重视
for在此处作连词，表示原因。
suffer [熟词生义] v．变差；变糟
study [熟词生义] n．书房
此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
slip [熟词生义] v．迅速放置
look up抬头看
gratitude n．感激
disturb v．打扰
add v．补充说
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维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Time management is one of the most rewarding (reward) skills we can learn to reduce stress.
2．I heard the birds trilling(trill) in the trees the other day.
3．The temple is remotely(remote) situated on the north coast of the island.
4．My professional training has taught me to look at things logically(logical).
5．Speaking through an interpreter(interpret), the president said that the talks were going well.
6．It was a cool, misty(mist) morning when we woke near Uvinza.
7．When it comes to cancer, doctors say early detection(detect) is the best defense.
8．The task requires extraordinary patience(patient) and endurance.
9.Scientists are constantly(constant) developing new technology.
10．People blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged(cage) in the house.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．In those times no prize was beyond our grasp.
2．My mother let me find out when the train my father took would arrive.
3．Every day he sets two hours aside to keep his mother company.
4．As long as you keep practicing, you will improve your reading comprehension.
5．While speeding up work on the project, we must pay attention to ensuring its quality.
6．They come back to life when exposed to freshwater.
7．The whole procedure made this book become a reality.
8．He tried various careers and in the end became an accountant.
9．They are digging up some clues to the mystery.
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．当看到他们的孩子站在领奖台上时，这对夫妇激动得流下了泪水。
The couple burst into tears as they saw their child standing on the winner's platform.
2．不论我们的爱好是什么，因特网都能把我们和有着相同爱好的其他人联系起来，即使他们生活在地球的另一端。
Whatever our hobbies are, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the Earth．
3．我依然记得第一次去泰山的那次旅游，就像是在昨天一样。
I still remember my first trip to the Mount Tai as if it were yesterday．
4．只要你坚持努力学习，你就能提高你的数学成绩。
As long as you keep studying hard, you can improve your maths.
5．我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。
(1)I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for/as a reward for your generous help．(reward n．)
(2)I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing to reward you for your generous help．(reward v．)
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必三U5】
There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.
Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
A
Hush, little baby, don't say a word，
Papa's gonna buy you a mockingbird.
If that mockingbird won't sing,
Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring.
If that diamond ring turns to brass，
Papa's gonna buy you a looking glass.
If that looking glass gets broke，
Papa's gonna buy you a billy goat.
If that billy goat won't pull，
Papa's gonna buy you a cart and bull.
One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”， which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme.List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not.
B
Only One Mother
Hundreds of stars in the pretty sky，
Hundreds of shells on the shore together，
Hundreds of birds that go singing by，
Hundreds of lambs in the sunny weather.
Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn，
Hundreds of bees in the purple clover，
Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn，
But only one mother the wide world over.
George Cooper
C
LIFE
Life can be good，
Life can be bad，
Life is mostly cheerful，
but sometimes sad
Life can be dreams，
Life can be great thoughts
Life can mean a person，
Sitting in court.
1．Why do many children enjoy nursery rhymes
A．Because they are to the point.
B．Because they have a storyline.
C.Because they are usually the traditional poems or folk songs.
D．Because they have not only a strong rhythm but also a repetition in words.
2．What is the probable purpose of Poem A
A．To terrify small children.
B．To help children to learn about language.
C．To get babies to sleep.
D．To keep babies quiet.
3．What's the theme of Poem B
A．Love for mother.
B．Good weather.
C.Animals.
D．Everything in the world.
4．What's the poet's attitude towards life according to Poem C
A．Doubtful. B．Negative.
C．Positive.　　　　　 D．Indifferent.
答案：1～4.DBAC
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When I was young, strong heroes in my favorite novels gave me courage and provided a map for my life. And I didn't discover the power of poetry until I was in my twenties and making my way in New York. That's when life got serious and broke my heart.
A teacher who later became a dear friend introduced me to Edna St. Vincent Millay(ESVM), the famous poet who lived in Manhattan at the turn of the 20th century. One of my favorite possessions—a valuable first-edition copy of ESVM's short poetry collection, A Few Figs from Thistles—was a gift from this friend who was old enough to be my mother at the time. She told me the first “fig” described how I was living my life. My candle burns at both ends; it will not last the night; but ah, my enemies, and oh, my friends—it gives a lovely night!
I was struggling to make ends meet but always made the time for fun by hanging out with friends. Some of them of course were careless with my heart but I could always find comfort and courage in ESVM's wise words.
Rather than bore my friends, I could fall into my sorrow—whether it hit me—cry as much as I wanted in my bedroom. I found everything I needed in those 32 pages—hope, wisdom and encouragement. In the years since, I've found myself attracted to poetry whenever someone caused me pain.
Is it actually possible for something as common as a poem to save a life I'm not certain of that but I can prove the power of words. Like a relaxing walk outside, poetry can provide a healthy distraction and a meaningful change in perspective.Like music, poetry speaks a universal language of rhythm, and speaks truths in a language that describes emotions. So why not keep interested in poems
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在生活中遇到不顺的时候，通过读诗来改善心情，同时鼓励大家去读诗，发现诗的力量。
1．What was the author's life like when she was introduced to poetry
A．Peaceful.　 B．Hard.
C．Boring. D．Colorful.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“And I didn't discover...life got serious and broke my heart.”可推知，作者接触诗歌的时候，生活是艰难的。
2．What can we know about the teacher mentioned in paragraph 2
A．She was a friend of ESVM's.
B．She bought ESVM's short poetry collection for the author.
C．She looked like the author's mother.
D．She cared about the author.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A teacher who later became a dear friend...how I was living my life.”可推知，这位老师关心作者。
3．How does the author probably tend to deal with her pain now
A．By losing herself in poetry.
B．By hanging out with her friends.
C．By staying in the bedroom.
D．By taking a relaxing walk outside.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the years since...someone caused me pain.”可知，作者现在常常通过沉浸在诗歌中来处理自己的痛苦。
4．What's the purpose of writing this passage
A．To introduce a poet the author likes best.
B．To tell a story about the author and poetry.
C．To explain the features of poetry.
D．To appeal to readers' interest in poetry.
D　解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段内容可知，作者在生活不顺的时候，通过读诗来改善心情，作者用自己的经历证明了诗歌的力量，并呼吁大家去读诗。
B
Long ago, poems were recited out loud instead of being written down. When the Greeks first started the Olympics, they held poetry contests as well as athletic competitions.
Now, poetry competitions have been revived. This year 120，000 high school students competed in the first Poetry Out Loud national recitation contest, performing poems from memory for $100，000 in prizes.
The first competitions were held in classrooms. The winners went on to school-wide contests, and then they competed in city and state competitions. Finally, the 50 state champions, along with the District of Columbia champion, descended upon Washington，D.C. last week for the ultimate showdown. After the 51 champions competed against one another, 12 went on to the finals. Then the field was narrowed to five. The final five had one last chance to “perform” a poem. The overall champ, Jackson Hille, a high school senior from Ohio, won a $20，000 scholarship.
The National Endowment for the Arts and the Poetry Foundation started Poetry Out Loud because they realised that hearing a poem performed is a different experience from reading it on a page.
It's not just a matter of saying the words in the right order. It's the tone of voice, the pauses, the gestures, and the attitude of the person performing that bring the words to life. “Each time we hear somebody recite a poem, we understand again what we found fresh and interesting about it，” says National Public Radio broadcaster Scott Simon, master of ceremonies for the finals. Hearing it in a new voice offers something new for the listener.
Not only do the people hearing poems have a new experience, memorizing and presenting poems helps the participants understand those poems in a new way. Another benefit of a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that the participants learn public-speaking skills that can help them for life.
【解题导语】　诗歌仅仅在书上阅读是远远不够的，通过朗诵和聆听，同一首诗歌会给人带来全新的感受。
5．What can we know from the first paragraph
A．The Greeks were the first to write poems.
B．The Olympics used to start with poem reciting.
C．Poems were spread orally in the past.
D．Athletes were asked to recite poems before competing.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Long ago, poems were recited out loud instead of being written down.”可知，很早以前诗歌的传播方式为口头传诵。
6．How many rounds of competitions did the champions take before they went to Washington, D．C.
A．Three. B．Four.
C．Five. D．Six.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知，参赛者需要先后经过班里、学校、市里和州里的比赛，然后才会到华盛顿进行比赛。
7．According to the passage, what can hearing a poem recited by different people do
A．Bring a new life to listeners.
B．Help listeners find their interest.
C．Make listeners learn the words.
D．Offer something new to listeners.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Hearing it in a new voice offers something new for the listener.”可知，朗诵诗歌可以给听者带来新的感受。
8．What is one benefit the participants get from poem recitation competitions
A．They can become skilled in speaking in public.
B．They can write good poems themselves.
C．They can change their attitudes towards life.
D．They can make friends with many great poets.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Another benefit of a competition...help them for life.”可知，参赛者在比赛中能学到公共演讲的技能。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·广东名校联盟期中)To some extent, smartphones are extensions (延伸) of our hands, but it's easy to forget how much time we actually spend on them. Here are ways for you to get rid of (摆脱) this addiction.
1．________. They keep us connected to our friends, work, the news and funny videos. But when you start feeling anxious about not having your phone around, that's different. It's one thing to feel inconvenient, but it's another to feel really anxious. Is that the case with you？2.________？ If so, start slow. Try leaving your phone at home for short, controlled periods to take a quick walk. Gradually, it's okay even without a phone for a long time.
I found myself checking my phone from time to time. And what do I find Nothing new.3.________. It's just the habit of checking for the sake of (为了) checking. So, how have I been getting rid of this habit One strategy is to create some trouble. Set your phone to require a password to unlock rather than immediately open it through facial recognition.
If you find yourself pulling out your phone during dinner with friends, at family gatherings, or even when someone is telling you something important, this might be a sign of phone addiction.4.________. That is, when I'm about to meet with my friends, I set my phone to “Do Not Disturb” mode or put it on airplane mode. I've even left my phone in my bag, car, or another room just to break the constant desire to check it. It feels awkward at first.5.________．
A．Here's a trick I've found helpful
B．Our phones are necessary tools these days
C．There's not any urgent task I need to handle
D．What can you do about it effectively and easily
E.You can set screen time limits on certain apps to handle this situation
F．Do you want to feel more comfortable without your phone sometimes
G．Actually, the conversations are more enjoyable without being disturbed
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智能手机在现代生活中的重要性以及人们可能对其产生的上瘾现象，并给出了一些建议和方法来帮助人们摆脱这种上瘾，从而更加合理地使用手机。
1．B　解析：空后的They指代某种物品，且该物品具有让我们保持联系的功能。B项与下文内容一致，符合语境，且其中的Our phones指的正是下文的They。
2．F　解析：根据上文内容可知，没有手机可能会让你感到焦虑，下文讲逐渐适应没有手机的方法，故空处应与没有手机且感到舒适有关。F项符合语境。
3．C　解析：根据上文内容可知，作者经常查看手机，但是并没有什么新的发现。C项承接上文，继续讲述经常查看手机但没有什么新发现的原因。
4．A　解析：上文描述了一种手机上瘾的情况，下文指出了一个解决方法。A项承上启下，符合语境。
5．G　解析：根据上文内容可知，一开始不碰手机的时候，我们可能会感到尴尬。G项承接上文，指出在没有手机干扰的情况下对话的效果。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Everyone goes through some form of change.Going through change can teach us about our__1__. In order to move on in life we must __2__change.We either accept it or fight it.I have chosen to take it on with a__3__．
Before entering junior high school，I thought __4__ would be the same as things in my primary school.And then I began to realize that wasn't __5__—not only was there more work but there were new friends.That also meant my old group of friends started to split up.As months went by, I realized I should__6__ the fact that we were all going through a big change and that it was okay to grow__7__．
I have also learned we should never__8__ ourselves for someone but rather for ourselves.It is important for me to be happy and I shouldn't have to change myself only to__9__ someone else.Recently, I have been able to realize that not everyone will__10__ me for what I do or what I wear, and that's okay.
I believe in change but only if__11__ from that person is put into it.If someone doesn't try to change，then I believe he won't__12__ his goal and that he could possibly lose the person or thing he loves.I noticed this__13__ a friend of mine.She kept saying she was going to change, but she put no effort into it and because of this she lost many close friends.
As we get older, it becomes easier to try new things and meet new people.Our__14__ no longer affect just ourselves but our family and friends as well.Life is based on making decisions, some of them good, and some of them bad.It's these decisions that make us who we are.Most people are__15__ of change，but I choose to accept it gladly.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。每个人的一生中都会面对很多改变，很多人对此感到不安与害怕，而作者却选择微笑面对改变。
1．A.process　 B．success
C．school D．life
D　解析：根据空后的“In order to move on in life”及下文内容可知，经历改变可以教会我们关于生活(life)的知识。
2．A.bring about B．believe in
C．adapt to D．think up
C　解析：根据语境可知，为了在生活中前行，我们必须适应(adapt to)改变。
3．A.smile B．purpose
C．dream D．question
A　解析：根据下文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“I choose to accept it gladly”可知，作者选择微笑(smile)面对改变。
4．A.nothing B．everything
C．someone D．everyone
B　解析：根据空后的“things in my primary school”及下文内容可知，作者曾以为进入初中后，一切事情(everything)和小学时应该是一样的。
5．A.surprising B．true
C．perfect D．important
B　解析：根据空后的“not only was there more work but there were new friends”可知，作者开始意识到那不是真的(true)。
6．A.examine B．prove
C．accept D．explain
C　解析：根据上文中的split up可知，几个月后，作者意识到自己应该接受(accept)现实：我们都在经历巨大的变化，分开(apart)成长是可行的。
7．A.fast B．apart
C．well D．steadily
B　解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.hurt B．limit
C．blame D．change
D　解析：根据下文中的“I shouldn't have to change myself”可知，作者也认识到绝不应为了别人而改变(change)自己，而应该为自己而改变。
9．A.please B．serve
C．imitate D．respect
A　解析：根据上文中的“It is important for me to be happy”可知，不应只是为了取悦(please)他人而改变自己。
10．A.remember B．accompany
C．refuse D．appreciate
D　解析：根据语境可知，作者认为自己快乐很重要，因此就算不是每个人都欣赏(appreciate)自己所做的事，或是自己的穿着，也没关系。
11．A.wealth B．support
C．effort D．care
C　解析：根据下文中的“she put no effort into it”可知，此处指付出的努力(effort)。
12．A.achieve B．share
C．set D．understand
A　解析：根据语境可知，如果有人不努力改变，就不会达到(achieve)他的目标，也可能会失去他爱的人或物。
13．A.began with B．happened to
C．appealed to D．stayed with
B　解析：根据下文描述的朋友的遭遇可知，此处指作者注意到这样的例子曾发生(happen to)在其一位朋友身上。
14．A.experiences B．reactions
C．decisions D．attitudes
C　解析：根据下文中的these decisions可知，此处指我们的决定(decision)不再只影响我们自己，也影响着我们的家人和朋友。
15．A.aware B．afraid
C．tired D．ashamed
B　解析：根据下文中的“but I choose to accept it gladly”可知，大多数人害怕(afraid)改变，但是作者选择欣然接受它。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　单句语法填空
1．Completed(complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
2．Preparing(prepare) others for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke yourself when showing your sense of humor.
3．The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet clapping(clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
4．One way to begin is to answer(answer) your own excuses.
5．We offer an excellent education to our students. In return, we expect students to work(work) hard.
6．He made his staff work(work) for 12 hours every day.
7．The money collected(collect) has been sent to that village.
8．No one is allowed to speak loudly in the reading(read) room.
9．He was a brave man to do(do) what he did.
10．Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find(find) it didn't fit.
11．The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote(promote) economic growth.
12．To help(help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
13．This is why decorating(decorate) with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance.
14．Combined(combine) with hard work, his talent finally achieved success.
15．His daughter was made to play(play) the piano for two hours every day by him.
16．In spring, people often get trees planted(plant) here and there.
17．Listen！Do you hear someone calling(call) for help
18．In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.
19．The boy tripping(trip) over a chair is Tom's younger brother.
20．Faced(face) with many difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
维度二　语法与写作
1．考试的这一部分要求书面回答。
This part of the exam requires a written answer．
2．他们让灯整夜亮着。
They had the lights burning all night.
3．你今天的任务是洗窗帘。
Your task today is to wash the curtains．
4.得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加一个中国画比赛。
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese painting, I'm writing to invite you to participate in a Chinese Painting Competition.
5．我们要做的就是保持专注并努力工作，以实现我们的目标。
All we have to do is (to) stay focused and work hard to achieve our goals.
6．一般来说，按照说明书服用时，这种药才没有副作用。
Generally speaking, the drug has no side effect when taken according to the directions．
7．我们不得不走泥泞地面上的用一排砖铺成的小路。
We had to walk on a path made by a line of bricks on the muddy ground.
8．看电视新闻已成为我的例行公事。
Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.
9．我走进屋里，兴奋地想告诉爷爷我的所作所为，却发现他在睡觉。
I went inside, excited to tell Grandpa about what I had done，only to find he was sleeping．
10．会议将于今天下午3点在会议室举行。
The meeting is to be held at 3 o'clock this afternoon in the conference room.
维度三　语篇练习
1．To get(get) to school on time, I got up early in the morning. Unfortunately, on the way to school, I was held up in a traffic jam. With a car accident 2.occurring(occur) in front of us, the congestion (交通拥塞) became increasingly serious and my taxi had great difficulty 3.moving(move) ahead. 4. To save(save) time, we had no choice but 5.to change(change) our route. Thanks to my taxi driver's excellent 6.driving(drive) skills, we managed 7.to choose(choose) a new route and avoided 8.being trapped (trap) in the traffic jam. Eventually, to my relief, I succeeded in 9.arriving(arrive) at school on time. When I talked with my classmates about my experience on my way to school, they reminded me 10.to walk(walk) instead of taking a taxi.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Poetry is the artistic expression of the human thoughts and feelings in rhythmical and emotional pared with prose (散文), it lays more stress on rhythm, imagery (意象), emotion, and imagination.As its language is rhythmical, its sound is highly musical.We may say, “No rhythm, no poetry”， no matter the rhythm of poetry is traditional as in metrical (格律的) style or “natural” as in free verse.
So the poet must write carefully and reflectively in order to find words that not only fulfill the demands of meter and rhyme, but also express the meaning in a manner that complements the imagery and tone of the rest of the poem.This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.
The ordinary prose writer neatly builds an argument using words the way a mason (石匠) builds a house using bricks; the poet is an artisan who creates a fieldstone hearth (粗石炉)—each stone or each word is turned over, examined, and often laid aside until it can be placed where its shape, weight, and color will contribute to the strength and beauty of the whole.Prose, according to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, is “words in their best order”， and poetry is “the best words in their best order”．
The reader's chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect, which comes from many metrical patterns represented in conventional iambic (抑扬格) feet or from repetitions and parallel phrasing shown in free verse and from other elements of poetry.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了诗歌与散文之间的区别，以及人们读诗的乐趣所在。
1．What's the purpose of saying “No rhythm, no poetry” in paragraph 1
A．To show the importance of rhythm in poetry.
B．To show rhythm is the most important element.
C．To show there is no limit on the use of rhythm.
D．To show rhythm is more important than poetry.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，诗歌的语言是有韵律的。由此可推知，引用这句话是为了说明韵律对于诗歌来说很重要。
2．What is the most important difference between ordinary prose and poetry
A．The degree of emotion.
B．The careful choice of words.
C．The delicate use of the metric style.
D．The demands of meter and rhyme.
B　解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.”可知，相比散文，诗歌最显著的不同是对语言的精挑细选。
3．Where is the reader's main joy in reading poetry
A．The experience of the poet's emotion.
B．The appreciation of the metrical pattern.
C．The reader's reaction to the musical effect.
D．The comprehension of the thoughts and feelings.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The reader's chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect”可知，读者读诗的最大乐趣来自其对诗歌的音乐感反应。
4．How is the passage mainly developed
A．By definition.
B．By examples.
C．By quotation.
D．By comparison.
D　解析：推理判断题。全文把诗歌与散文在韵律、意境、选词方面进行了对比。因此，作者通过对比的方式来写文章。
B
If you're walking through Boston during a downpour, you might see a poem appear before your eyes.
Titled “Raining Poetry”， this art installation was a collaboration, which needs efforts between the nonprofit Mass Poetry and the city of Boston. The first poems were installed to honour the start of National Poetry Month. Several more were added since then. The poems are invisible during dry and sunny weather, but they appear like magic once raindrops start falling from the sky.
“We want to bring poetry to the people，” said Sara Siegel, program director for Mass Poetry. The poems were selected by Danielle Legros Georges, Boston's poet laureate (桂冠诗人). Scattered throughout the city, Georges selected the poems mainly based on their relationship to Boston. Another factor was their general themes of water and rain.
The poems were installed by members of the Mayor's Mural Crew, an organization that introduces young artists to the process of creating public art. The poems can be fixed to the sidewalk in minutes. It will wear away in six to eight weeks. However, the city of Boston and Mass Poetry plan on carpeting city sidewalks with more poems. “It's a public art project, as the poems are and will be installed in public sites in Boston, and meant for everyone，” Georges said. “I think this is a wonderful way to bring poetry to the people.”
The poems appear throughout the city. While all of the poems currently installed are written in English, Siegel hopes to add new ones in the many languages. “Our hope is in the next two years everyone in the state will encounter a poem in their daily lives at least once or twice a month，” Siegel tells Guerra. “This is a fun and unusual way to bring poetry to the people.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在波士顿的人行道上，雨天人们可以看到诗歌显现出来。
5．What does the underlined word “collaboration” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Wonder.　　　　 B．Success.
C．Challenge. D．Cooperation.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的定语从句“which needs efforts between...and the city of Boston”可知，画线词collaboration意为“合作”。
6．Why are a lot more poems fixed to the sidewalk of Boston
A．To inspire people to show interest in poetry.
B．To let people experience the power of poetry.
C．To make poetry come into people's daily life.
D．To honour the start of National Poetry Month.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We want to bring poetry to the people”可知，诗歌被安装在街道上是为了让诗歌进入人们的生活。
7．What kinds of poems are preferred as “Raining Poetry”？
A．Those about public art.
B．Those related to English.
C．Those linked with Boston.
D．Those about water and rain.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Georges selected the poems mainly based on their relationship to Boston”可知，和波士顿相关的诗是首选对象。
8．How long can the poems probably exist in the sidewalk
A．About six days.
B．About a month.
C．Several minutes.
D．About seven weeks.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The poems can be fixed to the sidewalk in minutes.It will wear away in six to eight weeks.”可知，诗歌可以在人行道上存在6到8周。
C
Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that expresses a basic spirit of early English Romanticism.
What makes this poem an example of Romantic thinking It isn't just that Wordsworth chooses to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human emotions. For him, nature is not only a neutral (无感彩的) mixture of scenery, colours, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a living force that feels joy and sadness, shares human pain and even tries to educate us human beings by showing us the beauty of life.
Wordsworth's home, Dove Cottage, is now one of the most popular destinations in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden which William planted with wild flowers and which survived in his backyard even after they disappeared from the area. “He always said that if he hadn't been a poet, he would have been a wonderful scenery gardener，” says Allan King of the Wordsworth Trust.
The place near Ullswater, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils (水仙花), is at the southernmost end of the lake. The lake is wide and calm at this turning point. There's a bay where the trees have had their soil eroded by lake water so that their roots are shockingly exposed. You walk along from tree to tree, hardly daring to breathe, because you are walking in the footprints of William from two centuries ago. The first group of daffodils appear, but they aren't tall yellow trumpets (小号状的花) proudly swinging in the gentle wind. They're tiny wild daffodils, most of them still green and unopened, in groups of six or seven. They're grouped around individual trees rather than collecting together.
But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak, you realize this is what delighted Wordsworth: group after group of the things, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight so that they form a beautiful, pale yellow carpet. What you're seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and imagination.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了诗人威廉·华兹华斯创作《我孤独地漫游，像一朵云》这首诗时的背景，并尝试揣摩其创作意境。
9．What was Wordsworth's view of nature
A．Nature had a character of its own.
B．Nature could talk to people.
C．Man could influence nature.
D．Nature was human-like.
D　解析：观点态度题。根据第二段中的“It is a living force that feels joy and sadness...by showing us the beauty of life.”可知，华兹华斯认为自然和人一样有情感。
10．What can we learn about Dove Cottage from the passage
A．It has gardens designed by a scenery gardener.
B．It has a wide range of flowers.
C．It receives a lot of visitors every year.
D．It is famous for an actor.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Wordsworth's home...most popular destinations in the Lake District.”可推知，每年鸽子小屋的参观者都很多。
11．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “eroded” in paragraph 4
A．Polluted. B．Destroyed.
C．Covered. D．Dirtied.
B　解析：词义猜测题。结合此处语境并根据下文中的“by lake water so that their roots are shockingly exposed”可知，树木的根部都暴露在外了，这是由于土壤被河水侵蚀破坏了。因此，画线词与B项最为接近。
12．In what way is the scene at the southernmost end of the lake different from Wordsworth's description
A．The daffodils are smaller.
B．All the daffodils are green.
C．There are no daffodils around trees.
D．There are no daffodils by the lake.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The first group of daffodils appear...six or seven.”可知，现实中的风景和华兹华斯描述的不一致，主要是水仙花的大小不同。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·衡阳高二期末)Reading is a valuable skill for children. It can help them learn and grow in many ways. But the love of reading can't be forced. Pushing a child to learn before he is ready can make learning to read frustrating. As a parent, helping your child to enjoy reading at young age is one of the most important things.1.________　
By far the most effective way to encourage your child to love books and reading is to read aloud to him and the earlier you start, the better. Even a baby of a few months can see pictures, listen to your voice, and turn cardboard pages.2.________ The more excitement you show when you read a book, the more your child will enjoy it.
3．________At this stage, encourage him to read to you some of the time. Take turns reading with your child to model more advanced reading skills. This can help build your child's confidence in his ability to read and help him enjoy learning new skills. Children who really enjoy learning are more likely to do well in school.
As your child begins elementary school, he will begin his formal reading education. 4.________Besides reading books in class, keep in mind that the school library is an excellent source for a wide variety of materials. Encourage your child to bring home books from the school library for pleasure as well as for his studies.
5．________You are your child's first, and most important teacher. The encouragement and support you give your child as he learns to read will help him enjoy reading and learning even more.
A．Reading a child book vividly can be fun for you, too.
B．It's well worth the investment of your time and energy.
C．Most children learn to read without any major problems.
D．Most of all, make sure you give your child lots of praise!
E．Teachers use many methods to teach children how to read.
F．And don't stop reading aloud once your child learns to read.
G．The school librarian is knowledgeable about children's literature.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些有助于父母帮助孩子从小养成阅读习惯的建议。
1．B　解析：根据上文的“As a parent...one of the most important things.”可知，本句应与鼓励阅读有关。B项承接上文，符合语境。
2．A　解析：根据下文的“The more excitement you show...the more your child will enjoy it.”可知，本句应与兴奋地阅读有关。A项引起下文，符合语境。
3．F　解析：根据下文的“encourage him to read to you some of the time”可知，本句应是说明鼓励孩子大声朗读。F项引起下文，符合语境。
4．E　解析：根据下文的“Besides reading books...a wide variety of materials.”可知，本句应是说明孩子在课堂上阅读书籍的方法。E项引起下文，符合语境。
5．D　解析：根据下文的“The encouragement and support you give your child”可知，本句应是说明要多鼓励孩子。D项语义与下文一致，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Su Shi，a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty, was 1.____________(high) thought of in poetry, prose (散文) and painting.
At the age of 21, his fresh prose style earned him the 2.____________(recognize) of Ouyang Xiu.Xiu, a Chinese historian and politician of the Song Dynasty, 3.__________(say) that Su Shi's writings were excellent，which made Su Shi instantly famous.However，before Su Shi's political dream was realized，he had to leave his position and return home.
With his dreams 4.____________(cut) short，Su Shi started to focus on nature.In the spring of 1082, he took an outing with his friends.When 5.____________sudden shower of rain made his companions rush for shelter，Su Shi burst into laughter as if completely unaware of the rain.
Along both sides of the path were growing trees, 6.____________leaves made soft sounds as the rain drops fell.With wet clothes，he walked along, 7.____________(sing) a happy song.Then an idea struck him：“I shall go through this life in a 8.____________(peace) mind，if only wearing a straw rain cape (斗篷).”
Su Shi's optimistic and open-minded attitude 9.____________life ensured his advancement despite political ups and downs.Expressed in his poetry and essays, which have been passed down through generations, such an attitude has truly inspired us 10.____________(keep) a broad mind and persist (坚持) in our struggles against all difficulties.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了宋代文人苏轼的一生，突出了他的文学成就和乐观豁达的人生态度。
1．highly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语，应用副词形式作状语。think highly of sb.意为“高度评价某人”，为固定短语。
2．recognition　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处被the 限定，作 earned 的直接宾语，应用名词形式。
3．said　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，主句主语是Xiu；Xiu与say之间是主动关系，且此处叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
4．cut　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，cut和 his dreams之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用过去分词形式。
5．a　解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，sudden shower of rain为从句主语，表示泛指，意为“突如其来的一场雨”；且sudden的发音以辅音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词a。
6．whose　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 trees，且空处作从句中leaves的定语，应用关系代词whose。
7．singing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，sing 和he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，空处应用现在分词形式。
8．peaceful　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰名词mind，应用形容词形式。
9．to/towards　解析：考查介词。attitude to/towards 意为“对……的态度”，为固定短语。
10．to keep　解析：考查非谓语动词。inspire sb.to do sth.意为“激励某人做某事”，为固定用法。INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../读后续写1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
送她一朵花，助她适应异国校园新生活
INCLUDEPICTURE "XB1奠基石4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../XB1奠基石4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．基本概念：状语从句指的是在整个句子结构中充当状语，可以修饰谓语、定语、其他状语或整个句子的从句。
2．分类及引导词：
3．高频句型：
(1)when用作并列连词的句型
①be doing...when... 正在做……这时(突然)……；②be about to do...when... 正要做……这时(突然)……；③be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时(突然)……；④had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
(2)表示“一……就……”的句型
①as soon as/immediately/directly/instantly/the moment/the instant＋从句；②No sooner＋had＋主语＋done...than...(部分倒装)；③Hardly/Scarcely/Barely＋had＋主语＋done...when...(部分倒装)
(3)as引导让步状语从句，需用部分倒装，即将表语、状语提前，或者谓语动词为“情态动词＋动词原形”时，将动词原形提至主语前。
(4)“so＋adj./adv.that...”和“such＋名词短语＋that...”意为“如此……以至于……”；“so＋adj./adv.”置于句首时，需用部分倒装。
(5)“so that”意为“为了……；结果……”，引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句。
(6)“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”意为“越……，就越……”。
(7)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语包含be动词时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
INCLUDEPICTURE "续写试金石.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../续写试金石.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Flower for Leourn
[1]A small act of kindness can make a difference.
[2]This was our senior year. My best friend Beth and I had big dreams...big hopes for our last year in high school. We had prayed and we were ready for the miracle (奇迹) we knew we would see.
[3]Beth was the first to notice her. “ Kristi, did you see the girl standing by us in the lunch line—she looks so lost, so out of place.” We had heard of a family that had just moved to our town from the country of Cambodia. We knew there was supposed to be a new girl at our school from that family, but we had yet to meet her...until now.
[4]Leourn was a small dark-haired beauty. She came to a new country where she struggled with the little English she knew and that made it very hard for her to get to know people in our small town. She was starting her freshman year and trying her best to fit in without attracting any attention.
[5]We watched in the lunch room from our “Senior Table”. Leourn would get her lunch tray (托盘) with the rest of the students but she always kept her head down with her eyes focused on the floor. Every single day Leourn would sit at the very edge of her seat and eat as fast as she could. She kept her eyes fixed on her food and we never, ever saw her look up. We felt very bad as we watched at the interaction of the other girls at her table. They would make gestures to one another and laugh at Leourn while she ate.
[6]As we paid attention over the next week, we never heard anyone so much as say “Hi” to Leourn. She was a girl invisible. Beth and I talked—what could we do for her
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
So, Beth and I made an effort to let Leourn know we cared.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I will never forget that day when we sent Leourn a flower.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../箭头.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 一审——审情节
[1]A small act of kindness can make a difference．
[2]We had prayed and we were ready for the miracle we knew we would see.
[3]Beth was the first to notice her. “...she looks so lost, so out of place.”
[4]She came to a new country where she struggled with the little English she knew and that made it very hard for her to get to know people in our small town．
[4]She was starting her freshman year and trying her best to fit in without attracting any attention.
[5]We felt very bad as we watched at the interaction of the other girls at her table. They would make gestures to one another and laugh at Leourn while she ate.
[6]Beth and I talked—what could we do for her
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../箭头.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 二定——定主题：正能量原则
We sent Leourn a flower to show we cared, which made a great difference．
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../箭头.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 三构思——QA模式：构思每段三个微情节
根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did we do
[Answer] We said “Hi” to Leourn, sat with her at lunch and communicated with her.
[Question 2] Why did we do so
[Answer] Because we wanted to do something special for Leourn.
[Question 3] What did we do next (和第二段段首句衔接)
[Answer] We decided to send Leourn a flower.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What happened that day
[Answer] We gave Leourn the flower and she was moved.
[Question 2] What did Leourn do
[Answer] Leourn said “Thank you” bravely.
[Question 3] What moral would the story express
[Answer] Our small act of kindness made a difference.
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../箭头.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 四成文——梳理思路，完成正文
特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
So, Beth and I made an effort to let Leourn know we cared.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I will never forget that day when we sent Leourn a flower.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
So Beth and I made an effort to let Leourn know we cared. We sought out Leourn in the hall and said “Hi” to her. She responded with shy smiles, but still kept her head down. Each day, we sat with her at lunch and engaged her in conversation. It was a small step, but we hoped it would make a difference.(微情节一：让洛恩感受朋友的关心) We wanted to do something special to show her that she wasn't alone in this new world.(微情节二：决定为洛恩做些特别的事情) It was Beth who came up with a perfect plan. “We could send her a flower. It's a small thing, but it might mean a lot to her.” So, we decided to pool our money and buy a flower for Leourn.(微情节三：决定为洛恩买一朵花)
I will never forget that day when we sent Leourn a flower. We bought a bright vibrant sunflower with a card saying “You are seen, heard, and valued.” She clutched the flower tightly, with a mix of surprise, joy, and a sense of belonging that she had been missing.(微情节一：洛恩深受感动) Then she did something amazing. She actually took her eyes off the floor, looked up at us with beautiful beaming eyes and uttered two words “Thank You” in a low choked whisper.(微情节二：洛恩做出改变) It was a moment of profound meaning, not just for Leourn, but for Beth and me as well, as we realised the power of a single act of kindness.(微情节三：善举的意义及主旨升华；as引导的原因状语从句)
INCLUDEPICTURE "续写热点透视窗上.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../续写热点透视窗上.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.① I myself went through this searching process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better：② I discovered ASL—American Sign Language (美式手语).
I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The spoken languages were enough in all my interactions (交往).Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.
The story began during my first week at college.③ I watched as the ASL Club performed their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.④This newness just left me wanting more.⑤
After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to sign the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress，I was excited.⑥ I then made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I registered for an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was prohibited. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the new way of communication it opens. INCLUDEPICTURE "手.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../手.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　背铺灰语料，积续写基石
[话题]
人与自我——个人经历——对手语的探索
[内容概要]
本文讲述了作者学习美式手语的经历及感受。
[注释]
①鼓励学生探索新事物
②总结性的句子：概括角色的积极改变
③交代故事开端
④描写体验新鲜事物
⑤体验新鲜事物的感受
⑥心理描写单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When will the lecture be given
A．On June 10th.
B．On June 11th.
C．On June 12th.
2．What caused the company sales to increase
A.The online marketing campaign.
B．The extra salespeople.
C．The discount prices.
3．What is Jimmy doing
A．Reading a storybook.
B．Doing his homework.
C．Playing computer games.
4．What is the man likely to do
A．Drop out of school.
B．Try to get a scholarship.
C．Continue his studies.
5．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a classroom.
B．In a hospital.
C．In a restaurant.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What goes on the second line in the center
A．The sender's district.
B．The receiver's address.
C．The receiver's name.
7．What does the woman still need to buy
A．A postage stamp.
B．A proper envelope.
C．Airmail insurance.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How does the woman feel
A．Sad.
B．Delighted.
C．Disappointed.
9．Why does the woman decide not to go to Spain
A．It's expensive for shopping there.
B．The weather is always terrible there.
C．There are too many people at the beaches there.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where does the conversation take place
A．At home.
B．In a restaurant.
C．In a department store.
11．Who made the robot
A．A young teacher.
B．A German engineer.
C．An old cook.
12．What does the woman want to do
A．Buy her mother a robot cook.
B．Take a cooking course in Beijing.
C．Hold a birthday party.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where does the conversation take place
A．At school.
B．At the zoo.
C．At an amusement park.
14．Why is Lisa surprised
A．John was busy.
B．John arrived late.
C．John changed his mind.
15．Why did John lie to Lisa
A．He wanted to come alone.
B．He was afraid of roller coasters.
C．He wanted to give her a surprise.
16．What does John say about Lisa
A．Considerate.
B．Brave.
C．Reliable.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What was the fastest-growing job according to the speaker
A．Financial workers.
B．Website designers.
C．In-home health care workers.
18．Where does the speaker live now
A．In Boston.
B．In Los Angeles.
C．In New York.
19．What is the most important part of having a career
A．Being enthusiastic.
B．Progressing in your job.
C．Finding industries with a lot of opportunities.
20．What does the speaker say is the best way to find a job
A.Attending job fairs.
B．Moving to big cities.
C．Meeting people in the industry.
答案：1～5.CABCB　6～10.BABCB
11～15.CACCB　16～20.ACBAC
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：Is today the 10th of June？① How time flies!
M：Yes, and I have one more lecture to give the day after tomorrow.①
(Text 2)
M：How are the sales figures looking
W：They're great! We had a sharp rise after the online marketing campaign began.② It's better than hiring extra salespeople.
M：Good! Now I'm thinking of offering some discount next season.
(Text 3)
W：Why don't you go to bed，Jimmy？Are you reading that storybook
M：Oh, I just remembered I hadn't done my science homework yet.I'm searching online for some information about that.③
(Text 4)
W：I heard you were having problems meeting your school fees and may not be able to study next term.
M：I was having some difficulties but I've received a scholarship and things are finally looking up.④
(Text 5)
M：I have an appointment to see Dr.Gran for a physical exam.⑤
W：Please have a seat.She is out for lunch and she will be back in a few minutes.
(Text 6)
W：I'm sending a letter to my friend by airmail.It's not insured or anything, but how do I address it, again
M：Well, obviously you have to write the name of the person or business in the center of the envelope.
W：Okay.What next
M：On the second line, you write the address you are sending it to.⑥ Good, like that.
W：I got it now.On the last line, I write the city it's going to and the district, right
M：Don't forget to write the return address in the upper-left corner in the same manner as the sending address.
W：Now I just need to get a proper postage stamp.⑦
(Text 7)
M：Don't look so pleased with yourself.I can tell you're overjoyed that it's Friday.⑧
W：I am—and this is a special weekend because it is the start of my two-week vacation.
M：Really？Are you going anywhere
W：Well.We thought of France at first. I like shopping there, but it can be expensive and the weather is always bad. Spain was also a choice, but the beaches get crowded there.⑨ In the end, we decided to leave for Italy which has culture and good weather as well.
M：Won't your husband be sad that he is going to miss a shopping trip
W：Not at all.He doesn't like that.And I am confident that he will be looking around the art galleries instead of going to the pub or watching football on TV.
(Text 8)
M：So Alice, what do you think of this dish？The waiter brought it while you were in the restroom.⑩
W：It looks beautiful—and oh! This is delicious.
M：It is, isn't it？It is cooked by a very special cook.
W：He must be a very famous cook.
M：He is famous—but he's not a human being.He's a robot.
W：A robot？I can't believe it.
M：It is true. The robot was made by an old man in Beijing, a famous cook， with the help of his German cooking teacher.You just need to put the ingredients inside the robot and input the instructions.After just a few minutes, a delicious dish will be finished.
W：Easy and convenient!
M：Yeah, it really is! The inventor plans to produce and sell more of these robot cooks to restaurants all over the country.
W：That's so cool. I'd love to buy my mother one for her birthday.
(Text 9)
M：Hey, Lisa.I am glad I catch you before you go in. Now we can go in together.
W：Hey, John. I'm surprised to see you here.What made you come tonight I remembered you said you were busy when I asked yesterday.Did your plan to go to your grandparents' house change？
M：Well, I did say that originally. However, I want to be honest now and tell you that I lied to you. I really wanted to come tonight, but I was scared.I have never been on a roller coaster before.
W：Don't apologize for that. I'm sorry that I put you into that position.I wouldn't have invited you if I had known you were scared.I never meant to make tonight stressful.
M：No, it's my fault. I really never had the opportunity to fix my problem before, so I didn't know what to do.But I came tonight to face my fear directly!
W：That is very brave of you. I'm glad to be here with you while you do that.Besides, the town's holiday celebrations have much smaller rides.It is a good place to start.Let's buy some tickets and enjoy the celebrations.
M：Thank you for being so understanding. You are really a great friend. Let me buy the tickets for us to thank you.
(Text 10)
Hello everyone, and welcome to today's job fair. We are here today to talk about choosing a career and exploring new job opportunities. Many young people look for careers in the most popular job markets such as computer programming or website design. These industries are important, because in the future we will continue to need more people working on computer technology. Additionally, many young people choose jobs in health care. Doctors and hospital workers will always be in high demand, but the fastest-growing job market in the country today is health workers caring for people in their homes. Finding career opportunities also depends on where you live. If you live in Boston, the largest field of work is in universities. If you live in New York City, the largest workforce is in finance. Or, if you live here in Los Angeles like me， the largest industry is entertainment. Whichever opportunity you'd like to pursue, remember these important rules for having a career. The biggest rule is to do something that you have a passion for. Once you choose something inspiring, you must try to meet people in that industry. Meeting these people is not only to find progressive advice for your career, but also the best way to develop professional contacts and find a job for yourself. There are many people here from different industries to advise you and explain their businesses. To all young people here today, have fun and feel free to ask a lot of questions!
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for a new poetry book to read I've got you! We're going to explore some of my favorite poetry collections, which range from the traditional all the way to the totally experimental. And though they differ in terms of tone and subject matter, they've all got what we call “good parts”．
Night Sky with Exit Wounds by Ocean Vuong
It is the first poetry collection from Ocean Vuong.Vuong's style is well-suited to the heavy subjects he pursues, particularly when he reflects on the loss of his father and his experiences as a wartime refugee.There's a certain wonderful quality to his writing.
Lunch Poems by Frank O'Hara
If you like a conversational style, Lunch Poems might be the poetry book for you. Personal, funny, and easy, the collection perfectly shows the casual voice of Frank O'Hara, an outstanding figure of the New School Movement in late-50s New York.As the name suggests, most of the poems were written during his lunch break at work, bringing a realistic image by the writing.
100 Selected Poems by E．E.Cummings
It's a shame that more people don't take E.E.Cummings seriously. Yes, his poetry is sometimes experimental. Unconcerned with “rules”， Cummings tried to capture emotion in its own form.
The Complete Poems by Elizabeth Bishop
In my opinion, any kind of fantastic poetry books must include Elizabeth Bishop. Highly skilled and highly influential, Bishop was one of the most powerful voices of the 20th century. She mostly worked within traditional forms, but the forms led to surprising effects, mixing classic styles with modern ones.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。作者介绍了自己最喜欢的四本诗歌集。
21．Who experienced war
A．Frank O'Hara.
B．Ocean Vuong.
C．E.E.Cummings.
D．Elizabeth Bishop.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，因为王鸥行曾是战时难民。由此可知，王鸥行经历过战争。
22．Which poetry collection reflects the real world
A．Lunch Poems.
B．100 Selected Poems.
C．The Complete Poems.
D．Night Sky with Exit Wounds.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As the name suggests, most of...a realistic image by the writing.”可知，《午餐诗》反映了真实世界的情况。
23．What does the author think of Elizabeth Bishop's poetry
A．It is funny.
B．It is personal.
C．It is excellent.
D．It is experimental.
C　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“In my opinion, any kind of fantastic poetry books must include Elizabeth Bishop.”可知，作者认为伊丽莎白·毕肖普的诗歌集相当棒。
B
In my first college poetry class, we were supposed to write poems.My efforts satisfied neither me nor the professor.I recall one poem about the rushing sounds of cars in rain.
After the last term, I picked up my work at the professor's office and asked, my knees shaking, “Do I have any talent？” I'd earned a “B”—even though I did every task and missed no classes.He was a kind person.“Probably not，” he said softly, looking down.“Thank you，” I said, and walked back to my dorm.I felt like a grafted (嫁接的) apple tree: part of me disappointed; another part defiant．
The defiant part led me to another poetry class the following year.This time, students drove the discussion and we read contemporary poems. I earned an “A”．Many years later, the professor told me that every student who did the work earned an “A”．His approach was as encouraging as the first instructor's was discouraging, but from that discouragement, I learned that teachers don't hold the keys to their students' talent.
I believe that every human being is born with talent for making art: visual, literary or musical.Some lucky souls are born with many talents.But no one can predict if or when talent might develop into art that others recognize as good.Artists must have enough ego to make art and enough modesty to improve it.They must be open to change.They must be their own toughest critics, and be able to absorb the criticism.
I've been teaching creative writing for more than 30 years now.Students sometimes ask me, “Do I have talent？” I tell them my story, and I repeated Joyce Carol Oates' words, “There is only the work.”And then I say, “Of course you have talent, but you must not need praise.Make art regardless of whether anyone approves—or even notices.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者参加了诗歌班，老师却认为作者没有天赋，但作者并没有气馁，而是继续努力，最终成了一名创意写作老师。
24．What does the underlined word “defiant” mean in paragraph 2
A．Showing sorrow.
B．Showing satisfaction.
C．Showing desperation.
D．Showing disagreement.
D　解析：词义猜测题。 根据画线词前的“I felt like a grafted apple tree: part of me disappointed”及第三段中的“The defiant part led me to another poetry class the following year.”可知，正因为作者的“反抗”，所以她去了另一个诗歌班。
25．What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 4
A．Discouragement pushes artists to improve.
B．Hard work leads artists to success.
C．A good artist needs more than talent.
D．Sense your value and keep modest.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者告诉我们要有自信，但是同时也要谦虚地接受别人的批评以求进步。
26．What is the author's suggestion to her students
A．Spare no effort to find your special talent.
B.Try your best to prove your talent to others.
C．Practise more to improve your creative writing.
D．Develop your talent even if others disapprove.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者建议学生要刻苦努力，每个人都有天赋，不必奢求别人的表扬和认可。
27．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Everyone Has Talent
B．What Makes a Good Teacher
C．No One Can Predict Your Future
D．Learn to Accept Others' Criticism
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者通过自己的故事告诉我们：每个人都有天赋，一定要有自己的坚持和努力，为了进步可以接受他人的批评，但是不能因为别人的不认可而让自己止步不前。
C
Virtual reality (VR) was just an idea in the past but now it is becoming more and more a reality. Researchers have predictions that show virtual reality will make a great difference to our society. In the same way that the smartphone changed our lives, virtual reality may be set to do the same.
Virtual reality changes how we view technology. Until now technology has always been something that we have viewed but never been truly immersed in (沉浸其中). Virtual reality has the power to change that. There will come a time when we sit on a VR chair or step inside a VR room, put on a VR device, and enter a totally different world. The technology is largely available already, so with further advances taking place we could be about to enter entirely different worlds.
Today the obvious application of virtual reality is gaming but there are many more applications as well. In business, virtual reality could be used to improve communications. Many companies have to pay a lot for sending their team to different places. As worldwide business continues, it is increasingly important for teams in different areas of the world to work together. Although the video meeting solutions have been a success, they are just not as good as the real thing. Virtual reality can offer an experience as good as the real thing without any of the expense of travel.
While the virtual reality technology is still being developed, we are not far away from a truly immersive experience. Within the next ten years, a solution will be in place, which will be so believable that people will be unable to tell the difference between it and reality. In time the cost will reduce as well, making it possible to have a VR experience in every home and business.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了虚拟现实技术的现状及其对未来社会可能产生的影响，将过去的技术以及当前的应用进行对比，并展望其未来的发展及应用。
28．Why is the smartphone mentioned in paragraph 1
A.To show the popularity of virtual reality.
B．To praise the development of virtual reality.
C.To state people's anxieties in terms of virtual reality.
D．To explain the influence of virtual reality on people's lives.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Researchers have predictions...virtual reality may be set to do the same.”可推知，此处提到智能手机是为了说明虚拟现实对人们生活的影响。
29．In which way is virtual reality technology different from the traditional technology
A．It reduces the need for the communication.
B.It can provide an immersive experience.
C．It is applied to gaming and business.
D．It is more convenient to operate.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Until now...Virtual reality has the power to change that.”可知，虚拟现实技术不同于传统技术的地方在于它可以提供沉浸式体验。
30．What does the underlined word “expense” mean in paragraph 3
A.Tiredness. B．Schedule.
C．Stress. D．Cost.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“Virtual reality can offer an experience as good as the real thing”可推知，虚拟现实可以提供与现实情况一样好的体验，无需任何旅行费用。画线词意为“费用、成本”。
31．What can we expect of the virtual reality technology
A．It will help reduce technology costs.
B．It will take people away from reality.
C．It will be widely used in people's lives.
D．It will take the place of other technologies.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In time the cost will reduce...in every home and business.”可推知，虚拟现实技术在未来将被广泛应用于人们的生活中。
D
A new study has found that experiencing nature, such as taking a walk in a park or even just viewing photos of a natural setting, encourages healthier food choices.
“We found that exposure to nature increases the importance that people attach to health compared to taste or other properties when making food choices，” explained Maria Langlois, assistant professor at Southern Methodist University and first author of the study.
Gathering evidence from hundreds of participants from five different studies across three countries over seven years, Langlois examined the food choices made after both real-world and virtual experiences of nature. In the first study conducted in France, participants took a twenty-minute long walk through either a large green park or the city, taking photos along the way. Afterwards, they could choose what they wanted to eat from a snack buffet. Those who walked in nature ate healthier snacks compared to the urban city walkers.
But was it the nature or the photo that did the trick The researchers moved online, and took on more participants. One group were shown a photo of a hotel room with a window view of a natural setting while the other group had a window view of an urban setting. A third control group had no window view—they had closed curtains. Those exposed to “nature” in this way were found to make healthier food choices compared to both the control and urban groups. “By including a control condition in our work, this research shows that it is not exposure to urban environments that is driving unhealthy food choices, but really exposure to natural environments that is driving healthier food choices，” said Langlois.
With almost 70% of the world's population expected to live in urbanized areas by 2050, this research could provide urban planners important insight into the health implications of their designs. It is also hoped that highlighting benefits of nature may promote environmental conservation efforts as people realize, we need nature.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，体验自然会鼓励人们选择更健康的食物。
32．What is Maria Langlois's study mainly about？(　　)
A．The impact of nature on physical exercise.
B.The influence of nature on food choices.
C．The effect of urban environments on health.
D．The comparison of real and virtual experiences.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘We found...making food choices，’explained Maria Langlois”可知，玛丽亚的研究主要是关于自然对食物选择的影响。
33．What can we know from the 7-year study
A．Participants used to take a walk after meals.
B．Participants walked 20 minutes daily before meals.
C．Participants chose healthy food after walking in nature.
D．Participants had fewer food choices when walking in the city.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Those who walked in nature ate healthier snacks compared to the urban city walkers.”可推知，从7年的研究中我们知道参与者在大自然中散步后选择了健康的食物。
34．How did the researchers mainly conduct the further study in paragraph 4
A．By giving reasons.
B．By doing interviews.
C．By taking quotations.
D．By making classifications.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One group were shown a photo...while the other group had a window view...A third control group had no window view”可推知，研究者主要通过分类来进行进一步的研究。
35．What would urban planners do for future cities
A．To build more parks.
B．To dig more tunnels.
C．To widen the lanes.
D．To construct high-rise buildings.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容并结合选项可推知，城市规划者将为未来的城市建造更多的公园。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
School newspapers are considered to be one of the best media of teaching students about various problems in the society. They create a sense of achievement in the minds of the students and help students improve their writing, creativity and management skills at a young age. 36.________ So it's important to start a school newspaper.
School newspapers are supposed to be “Of the students, By the students and For the students”. The committee of the “little journalists” should include a student with excellent writing and editing skills acting as the editor, along with a team of 3 or 4 other writers regularly writing articles. Students outside the committee might also be given a chance to write short stories, poems, jokes etc. 37.________ This is because it can give a fair chance to all the students.
38．________ To make the contents available to readers, the contents have to be classified into different topics, including news articles on current problems, school news and announcements, activity schedules for sports and quiz competitions, columns for personal contributions, such as jokes, puzzles, paintings and photography. 39.________ School kids can be asked to write their views about the paper or about any topic that they wish for.
It's common to publish school newspapers every month. The committee may be allowed to select any other duration if it wishes to. 40.________　
Now, does starting a school newspaper still seem like a challenge
A．It reflects students' special interests and hobbies.
B．A school newspaper is basically a collection of contents.
C.It would be advisable to elect a new committee annually.
D．They have the art of discovering new talent out of the students.
E．Letters to the editor are also an important part of the newspaper.
F.However, committee members should ensure publishing schedules are followed.
G．But schools may publish their newspapers by putting them up for viewing in classrooms.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。校报被认为是教育学生了解社会各种问题的最佳媒体之一。文章介绍了校报的好处和重要性以及创办校报的方法和注意事项。
36．D　解析：根据空前的内容及下文的“So it's important to start a school newspaper.”可知，上文列举了校报的好处，空处应与上文并列，继续说明校报的好处。D项符合语境，且D项中的They指代上文中的School newspapers。
37．C　解析：根据上文的“The committee of...write short stories, poems, jokes etc.”及下文的“This is because it can give a fair chance to all the students.”可知，上文介绍了委员会的组成和活动，下文则提到了给学生公平的机会，由此可知，空处应说明这一公平的机会是什么。C项符合语境，且C项中的committee对应上文中的committee。
38．B　解析：根据下文的“To make the contents available to readers...paintings and photography.”可知，下文介绍了校报的具体内容包含各种各样的主题，空处位于段首进行总结：校报基本上是内容的集合。B项符合语境，且B项中的contents与下文中的contents属于词汇复现。
39．E　解析：根据下文的“School kids can be asked to write their views...they wish for.”可知，下文提到了学生对校报文章的看法和希望，空处应是关于给报纸的建议。E项符合语境。
40．F　解析：根据上文的“It's common to publish school newspapers every month...if it wishes to.”可知，本段主要是关于校报出版时间的安排说明。F项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Faisal Zaid Alshara is a fifth-grade student at an Islamic School & Academy in Ramtha, Jordan.He was born without a right hand and only two fingers on his left, as well as a tongue-tie (舌系带过短) for which he had to receive medical __41__ at a very young age.These physical __42__ made Faisal feel ashamed and __43__ the children who were the same age as him, as he could not __44__ seeing the looks of pity they would give to him.
Books were Faisal's safe shelter, where he could __45__ new worlds and lose __46__ in stories that made him feel __47__．However, he struggled to find a way to __48__ his passion for reading until his teacher __49__ him to the Arab Reading Contest.
Faisal __50__ the contest's fifth edition, qualifying at both the school and district levels.He was delighted when his school district's director __51__ him for his district qualification.He then went on to qualify at the country level.Thanks to his success in the contest, Faisal eventually felt comfortable with opening up and __52__ his classmates, who now look at him with __53__ rather than sympathy.
Faisal is now preparing for the sixth Arab Reading Contest and is determined to reach the __54__．The child who was once unwilling to communicate with others is now filled with hope and enthusiasm for his __55__．His constant smiles and laughs fill the room as he talks to friends he has known through the Arab Reading Contest.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约旦一名小学生费萨尔身患残疾，在努力赢得阿拉伯阅读比赛之后，逐渐对生活充满希望和热情的故事。
41．A.treatments　　　　 B．bills
C．facilities D．records
A　解析：根据上文“He was born without...as well as a tongue-tie”及常识可知，费萨尔天生残疾，在很小的时候就不得不接受治疗(treatment)。
42．A.activities B．contacts
C．injuries D．disabilities
D　解析：根据上文“He was born without...as well as a tongue-tie”及语境可知，这些身体上的残疾(disability)使费萨尔感到羞耻。
43．A.pleased with B．free from
C．separated from D．familiar with
C　解析：根据下文“as he could not______seeing the looks of pity they would give to him”可知，此处指使他感到与同龄的孩子们疏远(feel separated from)。
44．A.practise B．stand
C．admit D．miss
B　解析：根据下文“seeing the looks of pity they would give to him”可知，他无法忍受(stand)看到同龄的孩子们对他投来的怜悯的目光。
45．A.explore B．avoid
C．criticize D．entertain
A　解析：根据上文“Books were Faisal's safe shelter”和下文new worlds可知，书是费萨尔的安全避难所，在那里他可以探索(explore)新世界。
46．A.him B．them
C．it D．himself
D　解析：根据上下文语境可知，费萨尔沉浸在让他自己(himself)感到有活力的(alive)故事中。
47．A.upset B．alive
C．blue D．annoyed
B　解析：参见上题解析。
48．A.permit B．attach
C．develop D．threaten
C　解析：根据下文his passion for reading可知，他一直在努力寻找一种方法来培养(develop)他对阅读的热情。
49．A.introduced B．pointed
C．supplied D．pulled
A　解析：根据下文“Faisal is now preparing for the sixth Arab Reading Contest”可知，此处指他的老师向他介绍(introduce)了阿拉伯阅读比赛。
50．A.set up B．figured out
C．participated in D．turned down
C　解析：根据下文“qualifying at both the school and district levels”可知，费萨尔参加(participate in)了第五届比赛。
51．A.misunderstood B．recognized
C．blamed D．charged
B　解析：根据上文“He was delighted”可知，他的地区资格被认可(recognize)，所以他感到高兴。
52．A.complaining about B．interacting with
C．probing into D．sending for
B　解析：根据上文“Faisal eventually felt comfortable with opening up”可知，由于在比赛中取得了成功，费萨尔终于能够坦然地敞开心扉，与他的同学们互动交流(interact with)。
53．A.concern B．doubt
C．criticism D．admiration
D　解析：根据上文“Thanks to his success in the contest”及语境可知，费萨尔赢得比赛，同学们对他很钦佩(admiration)。
54．A.agreement B．budget
C．conclusion D．final
D　解析：根据语境可知，费萨尔现在正在准备第六届阿拉伯阅读比赛，并决心进入决赛(final)。
55．A.life B．trip
C．rule D．brand
A　解析：根据上文filled with hope and enthusiasm和下文“His constant smiles and laughs fill the room”可知，费萨尔现在对自己的生活(life)充满了希望和热情。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Third-century poet Cao Zhi's Luo Shen Fu[Rhapsody on the Nymph (仙女) of the Luo River] tells about a story of a romantic meeting with a nymph 56.____________ (live) in the Luo River and the sadness of her ill-fated relationship with a mortal man (凡人).
Cao used graceful words, especially in creating many phrases that inspire visualization, 57.____________ (praise) the goddess' elegance, making the poem 58.____________ classic throughout the following centuries. Its popularity was even increased by fourth-century 59.____________ (distinguish) artist Gu Kaizhi, who made a vivid painting to show the love story.
The encounter took place when Cao, a prince of the kingdom of Wei, and his attendants 60.____________ (return) to his fiefdom (封地). 61.____________ came into sight was amazing when they stopped on the bank of the Luo River to rest and feed their horses. An 62.____________ (extraordinary) attractive woman stood by the mountain. Cao described her: “She moves as lightly as a swan and as softly as a dragon. Seen from afar, her brightness is like 63.____________ of the sun rising above the rosy clouds of dawn. Close-up, she is as shining as a lotus flower in clear waters.” When the nymph disappeared into the waves, sadness seized Cao as he continued his journey home.
Cao Zhi 64.____________ (defeat) and sidelined by his brother, Cao Pi, who inherited the crown. Cao Zhi constantly bore political setbacks and depression until his death at age 40, so Cao's imagined romance with the nymph is believed to be a metaphor, 65.____________ the nymph represents his unfulfilled political ambitions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三国时期曹魏文学家曹植创作的《洛神赋》。
56．living　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处live与nymph构成主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。
57．to praise　解析：考查非谓语动词。use... to do为固定搭配，意为“用……做某事”，应用不定式作目的状语。
58．a　解析：考查不定冠词。此处classic为名词，表泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。
59．distinguished　解析：考查形容词。修饰名词artist应用形容词distinguished作定语。
60．were returning　解析：考查动词的时态及主谓一致。根据下文内容可知，他们那时还未返回封地，此处指“过去那时正在返回”，应用过去进行时；主语“Cao, a prince of the kingdom of Wei, and his attendants”为复数，谓语也应用复数。
61．What　解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，应用连接代词what。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。
62．extraordinarily　解析：考查副词。空处修饰形容词attractive，应用副词形式。
63．that　解析：考查代词。空处用指示代词 that指代不可数名词brightness。
64．was defeated　解析：考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据上下文可知，此处为一般过去时；主语Cao Zhi与谓语构成被动关系；主语为单数，谓语也应用单数。
65．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词metaphor，在从句中充当抽象概念的地点状语，应用关系副词where。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
阅读下面来自Don't give up的诗歌节选，用英语写一篇诗歌评论。
Don't give up
　　　　by Phoebe Gary
If you've tried and have not won，
Never stop for trying；
All that's good and great is done
Just by patient trying.
　　　　...
If by easy work you beat，
Who the more will prize you
Gaining victory from defeat，
That's the test that tries you.
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．主题明确，语言通顺、连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Don't give up was written by Phoebe Gary, which is an inspiring poem.
It is about “Gaining victory from defeat”. There is no doubt that everyone can meet with failure. What matters is the attitude towards failure. As the old saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success.” We can learn from failure, which helps us understand our weak points.
I think we shouldn't be afraid of failure. We should regard failure as a road leading to success. What's more, we should never give up no matter what happens to us.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was sixteen, I was a rebellious (叛逆的) teenager, always seeking thrills and often getting into trouble. One day, after a fight, I was suspended from school. My father, a man of few words but with a strong sense of discipline, decided that it was time for me to learn a hard lesson. The very next day, he took me to a construction site where he worked, and told me to start working.
It was a tough job. I had to carry heavy bricks and mix cement in the hot sun. My hands were hurt, and my back ached from the hard work. I had never worked so hard in my life, and the reality of manual labor hit me like a ton of bricks. I was used to the comfort of my school desk and the freedom after class. That was a sharp contrast, and it was a wake-up call.
As the days went by, I began to feel a deep sense of guilt. I knew I had let my parents down, and I had wasted the opportunities given to me. I was confused, unsure of what my future held. I started to think about the meaning and value of life. I realised that I had been taking my education for granted.
One evening, after a particularly tough day, I sat down with my father. I asked him why he had brought me to that place of sweat and toil. He looked at me with his weathered eyes and said, “My son, I want you to understand that life is not always easy. You have to work hard for what you want. Education is your ticket to a better life, and I don't want you to waste it.”
His words resonated (产生共鸣) with me. I realised that I had been living in a bubble, blind to the struggles of the real world. I decided to go back to school, to make my parents proud and make something of myself.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
The next morning, I told my father that I wanted to return to school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Back at school, I was a changed person.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The next morning, I told my father that I wanted to return to school. His face lit up with a smile, a rare sight that warmed my heart. He patted me on the back and said, “I knew you had it in you. Your education is the key to unlocking your potential.” With his encouragement, I felt a renewed sense of determination. I packed my bags and set off for school, ready to face the challenges ahead with a fresh perspective.
Back at school, I was a changed person. I no longer sought thrills or got into trouble. Instead, I focused on my studies, participating actively in class and seeking help when needed. My grades improved dramatically, and I even joined the debate team, honing my critical thinking and communication skills. I became a role model for my peers, proving that it's never too late to change for the better. My father's words had guided me back on the right path, and I was grateful for the opportunity to turn my life around.Period 2　Grammar and usage
非谓语动词
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非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式，叫作非谓语动词。其主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。非谓语动词的形式及句法功能如下：
种类 时态 主动 被动 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补
动词不定式 一般式 to do to be done √ √ √ √ √ √
进行式 to be doing ×
完成式 to have done to have been done
动名词 一般式 doing being done √ √ √ √ × ×
完成式 having done having been done
分词 现在 一般式 doing being done × × √ √ √ √
完成式 having done having been done
过去 一般式 done(vi.) 表完成 done(vt.) 表被动或完成 × × √ √ √ √
一、非谓语动词作主语
1．动词不定式(短语)作主语
*To have known you is a privilege.
很荣幸认识你。
*It is important to respect others.
尊重他人很重要。(不定式短语作主语，It作形式主语)
2．动名词(短语)作主语
*Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
听到别人对你刚读过的书的反应会创造出一种额外的乐趣。
*It is no use learning without thinking.
学而不思则罔。(动名词短语作主语，It作形式主语)
二、非谓语动词作宾语
1．动词不定式(短语)作宾语
动词afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire等后面接动词不定式(短语)作宾语；动词come、get、grow后面接动词不定式(短语)作宾语时，意为“逐渐……”。
*David refused to accept my invitation.
大卫拒绝接受我的邀请。
*She has a hot temper, but you will grow to like her.
她脾气暴躁，但你会慢慢喜欢她的。
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下列单词或短语后可接“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语：know、teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find out、advise、 discuss等。
*I don't know how to deal with this kind of matter.
我不知道如何处理这种事情。
2．动名词(短语)作宾语
(1)动词admit、appreciate、avoid、consider、delay、dislike、enjoy、escape、excuse、finish、imagine、keep、mind、miss、practise、risk、resist、suggest、quit等后面接动名词(短语)作宾语。
*If you get an offer, before you accept, consider doing more in-depth financial research on the company.
如果你收到了入职通知，在表示接受之前可以考虑对公司做一次更为深入的财务分析。
(2)短语can't stand、give up、feel like、keep on、insist on、look forward to、put off、devote...to、object to、be busy (in)、get down to、have difficulty/trouble (in)、have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)、have fun、what about、how about、be fond of、be good at等后面接动名词(短语)作宾语。
*I had great difficulty (in) finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
我费了好大工夫才在那家餐馆的菜单上找到合适的食物。
*My grandmother was fond of buying knockoff handbags and passing them off as real.
我的祖母喜欢买仿制的手提包，然后把它们冒充为真的。
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(1)on/upon doing sth.可换成as soon as 引导的从句。意为“一……就……”时，on/upon后也可以接名词。
*On his arrival/On arriving at the station, he found the train had just started.
一到车站，他就发现火车已经开动了。
(2)一些动词，如like，既可接动名词，也可跟动词不定式。区别：表示一种倾向，多接动名词作宾语；表示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接动词不定式作宾语。
*I like listening to music, but today I don't like to listen.
我喜欢听音乐，但今天我不想听。
(3)want、require、need意为“需要”时，后面接动词不定式时，要用其被动形式；后面接动名词时，要用其主动形式(表被动意义)。
*The patient required to be examined.＝The patient required examining.
病人需要检查。
三、非谓语动词作表语
1．动词不定式(短语)作表语时，说明主语尚未发生的动作，或表示将来的动作。
*His ambition is to go to Harvard University.
他的志向是上哈佛大学。
2．动名词(短语)作表语时，说明主语的内容。
*The ant queen's work is laying eggs.
蚁后的工作是产卵。
3．现在分词(短语)或过去分词(短语)作表语时，通常为分词化的形容词。
*The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.　这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
四、非谓语动词作定语
1．动词不定式(短语)作定语
动词不定式(短语)作定语表示未做的事情。
*His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
他将于下个月出版的第一本书是根据一个真实的故事改编的。
动词不定式(短语)作定语的特殊用法：
(1)下列词语后常接动词不定式作定语：chance、right、courage、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。
(2)动词不定式(短语)作定语与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
*She is always the first to come.
她总是第一个到。
(3)动词不定式(短语)作定语与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的动宾关系。
*She is now looking for a room to live in.
她现在正在找房间住。
2．现在分词(短语)作定语
现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动或进行。
*Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home, there was a pile of mails waiting for her.
劳拉去巴黎一个多星期了。当她到家时，有一堆邮件在等着她。
3．过去分词(短语)作定语
过去分词(短语)作定语与被修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。
*You cannot accept an opinion at will offered to you unless it is based on facts.
你不能随意接受别人提供给你的意见，除非它是基于事实的。
*The finished task is no more a problem.
完成的任务不再是个问题了。
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动词-ing形式，意为“令人……的”，修饰物；动词-ed形式，意为“(人)感到……的”，修饰人，也可修饰体现内心感受的look、expression、tears、smile、voice等名词。
五、非谓语动词作状语
1．动词不定式(短语)作状语
(1)表示目的
*I stopped the car to take a short break as I was feeling tired.
我觉得累了，就停下车休息一会儿。
(2)动词不定式(短语)作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式(短语)前常加only。
*George returned after the war, only to be told that his parents had passed away.
乔治战后回来，却被告知他的父母已经去世了。
2．现在分词(短语)作状语
(1)一般式(doing/being done)
表示与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生的动作，主动式doing表示动作与句子的主语之间是主动关系，被动式being done表示动作与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
*Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
看到没人在家，她决定给他们留张便条。
*Being stuck by the heavy storm, they felt helpless.
正受到强暴雨的袭击，他们感到很无助。
(2)完成式(having done/having been done)
表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，主动式having done表示动作与句子的主语之间是主动关系，被动式having been done表示动作与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
*I got to the office earlier that day, having caught the 7：30 train from Paddington.
因为赶上了七点半从帕丁顿来的火车，那天我比平时更早到了办公室。
*Having been asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
由于那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场精彩的电影。
3．过去分词(短语)作状语
过去分词(短语)作状语时，与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
*Seen from the top of the mountain, the city is very beautiful.
从山顶上看，这座城市非常漂亮。
六、非谓语动词作宾语补足语
1．动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语
(1)接带to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，此类动词(短语)有advise、allow、ask、cause、command、encourage、expect、forbid、force、get、invite、leave、like、mean、order、permit、persuade、prefer、request、tell、want、warn、wish、call on、depend on/upon、long for、wait for等。
*I didn't mean you to hear it.
我不是故意让你听到的。
*We're all longing for the new term to begin.
我们都盼望着新学期开始。
(2)接不带to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，此类动词(短语)有make、have、let等使役动词以及see、watch、notice、observe、look at、feel、hear、listen to等感官动词。如果这些动词或短语用于被动语态，则to不可省略。动词help后的不定式符号to可以省略，也可以保留。
*Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.
让那些需要帮助的人明白，我们将全力以赴帮助他们。
*She was seen to enter the teacher's office ten minutes ago.
有人看见她十分钟之前进了老师的办公室。
2．现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语
现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语的两大特征：一是宾语与现在分词(短语)之间是主谓关系；二是现在分词(短语)所表示的动作正在进行。常见的可接现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有have、see、hear、find、get、leave、notice、watch、keep、start、set、catch、smell、feel、send、listen to、look at等。
*I won't have you speaking to your dad like that.(主谓关系)
我不容许你那样跟你爸爸说话。
*I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.(主动，正在进行)
我抬头一看，发现一条蛇正蜿蜒着爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。
*I heard an English song being sung by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.(被动，正在进行)
昨天我经过一个小女孩的房间时，我听到她正在唱一首英文歌曲。
3．过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语
过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语的两大特征：一是及物动词的过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语与宾语之间是动宾关系；二是不及物动词的过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语与宾语之间是主谓关系，多用来表示动作已完成。常见的可接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语的动词有have、see、hear、find、leave、want、make等。
*Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.(动宾关系)
在飞机起飞前一小时，克莱尔把行李托运了。
*I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.(主谓关系)
我惊讶地发现我的家乡发生了这么大的变化。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When we got a call saying(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
2．Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
3．If you can keep running with me every morning, you will reduce the risk of dying(die) early.
4．On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening (listen) to musicians and meeting(meet) interesting locals.
5．Having studied(study) volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
6．I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged(challenge).
7．Earth Day, marked(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
8．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing(allow) more patients to be treated.
9．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans to retire (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
10．To enjoy(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．听说她妈妈要来看她，她高兴地跳了起来。
Hearing that her mother would come to see her, she jumped with joy.
2．然而，阅读并不是提高你英语的唯一途径。
However, reading is not the only way to improve your English．
3．亚历山大试图让他的工作得到医学界的认可。
Alexander tried to get his work recognized in medical circles.
4．他在门口擦了擦脚，随手把身后的门关上，表示他很小心。
He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door behind him, meaning that he was careful．
5．那个公司，虽然相对来说规模小，但是很好打交道。
That company, though relatively small, is pleasant to deal with．

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