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[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches(switch) on and off, making your home more energy-efficient.
2．If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely(severe) polluted and soon turn into a huge dustbin.
3．As is known to all, the job of the immune system is to fight infections(infect).
4．It is evident(evidence) that there existed many traditional Chinese cultures, but few of them have survived into the present.
5．I had never spent a more worrying day than the day when I was waiting for the result of the college entrance examination(exam).
6．I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I'm anxious(anxiety) to get help from you.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Up to now, I have read (read) as far as the fifth chapter, the second volume of The War and Peace.
2．Have you ever had any skin problems that are connected with exposure to the sun
3．Attention, please！Do make sure all mobile phones are switched off during the performance.
4．The room he has just rent is about 9 meters in length and 3 meters wide.
5．Why put pressure on ourselves to change when we aren't sure what will make us happy
6．It is evident that the man is highly thought of in the company.
维度三　完成句子
1．随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动植物面临灭绝的危险。(with复合结构)
With more and more forests damaged, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
2．东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。
There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northwest．
3．我担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上几乎无法入睡。
Anxious about the coming exam, I can hardly fall asleep at night.
4．她的眼镜坏了，所以她看不清黑板上的字。(独立主格结构)
Her glasses broken, she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
5．对于不宽容的态度有很多解释，有些可以追溯到童年时代。
There are many explanations for intolerant attitudes, some dating back to childhood．
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必三U2】
Dear Editor，
After I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle choices, I realised I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally.I often felt sleepy and dizzy, and lacked passion.Most worrying, though, I got the flu easily and experienced many toothaches, too.
At the end of the camp I heard, “Change the world by changing yourself.” This stimulated my motivation. A dentist once examined me and told me that too much sugar in my meals had damaged my teeth and health. I made up my mind to change two things in my life: to eat nothing with sugar and to exercise regularly.
After that I stopped buying all the sweets, biscuits, and sugary drinks that I used to have every day.Whenever I went out with friends, I brought snacks from home, things that didn't have any added sugar: fruit, nuts, dried meat, etc.　
My exercise was very simple: I went outside every day for at least 30 minutes and did something active. Sometimes I played table tennis or badminton with my cousins.Other times I jumped on my skateboard and rode around my neighbourhood, or just took a long walk.
The results have been fantastic.I feel more dynamic and stronger than ever, in both body and mind.I sleep soundly at night now.I no longer suffer from a flu virus or toothaches either.Best of all, in my opinion, is how I feel about myself.I feel like I'm in control of my own life.To make choices about myself is within my own power.I CAN change myself.I just need to try.
Yours truly，
Wang Lu
1．What was the most worrying for Wang Lu
A．She didn't feel well physically.
B．She felt dizzy and sleepy.
C．She lacked passion.
D．She got the flu easily and experienced many toothaches.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Most worrying...and experienced many toothaches”可知，最让王璐担忧的是她很容易得流感和经历牙痛。
2．What advice did Wang Lu receive at the end of the camp
A．To focus more on her appearance.
B．To stop eating sugar.
C．To change the world by changing herself.
D．To make more friends and be sociable.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the end of the camp I heard, ‘Change the world by changing yourself.’”可知，王璐在夏令营结束时听到的建议是“通过改变自己来改变世界”。
3．How did Wang Lu change her eating habits
A．She stopped eating all snacks.
B．She started to eat more biscuits and nuts.
C．She stopped buying sugary foods and drinks.
D．She started having sugary drinks at home.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After that I stopped buying...used to have every day.”可知，王璐改变了她的饮食习惯，不再购买甜食、饼干和含糖饮料。
4．What is the best result of Wang Lu's changes
A．She feels more dynamic and stronger.
B．She sleeps well at night.
C．She doesn't catch the flu anymore.
D．She has a better sense of self-control.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Best of all, in my opinion...control of my own life.”可知，王璐改变后最好的结果是她掌控了自己的生活。
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·长沙明德中学月考)The commonly held belief that it takes 21 days to form a new habit can be traced back to a 1960 book by plastic surgeon Maxwell Maltz called Psycho-Cybernetics.In his work treating patients who had gone through facial reconstruction surgery, Maltz noticed that it typically took around three weeks for them to adjust to seeing their new faces in the mirror.He also found that individuals who had lost a limb still sensed “phantom (幻觉的)” pains in the missing arm or leg for about 21 days.
According to the perception (感知) during recovery time after significant physical changes, Maltz theorized in his book that it likely takes a minimum of 21 days for the neurological path ways in our brains associated with old behaviors and habits to go away, and for new mental images and routines to take firm root.This idea of a standardized 21-day formation period for habits soon became widely accepted.
However, Maltz was drawing causal inferences rather than conducting strict scientific research.It wasn't until 2010 that health psychologist Phillippa Lally at University College London decided to properly study habit formation timelines.She designed a year-long experiment that tracked 96 participants as they each established a single new habit of their choosing.Every day, subjects reported on whether they successfully performed their intended behavior that day as well as how automatic the action felt.
Lally's findings revealed that on average, it took 66 days before a habit became a normal part of a routine and felt automatic.But results varied widely, with habits forming anywhere from 18 days up to 254 days between individuals.Consistency was the key factor in successfully forming a habitual behavior, with sometimes missing days not stopping overall progress.
This landmark study disproved the assumed 21-day standard and showed that a wide range of timelines are normal.Ultimately, committing to consistently practicing a new behavior for months, not weeks, is what allows real habit change and improvement to occur naturally in the brain.Understanding habit formation as a gradual, individualized process helps people develop positive routines without unrealistic expectations.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康心理学家菲利帕·拉利的研究表明形成新均需要66天，推翻了人们所认同的21天养成新习惯的理论。该研究还表明习惯的形成有很大的个体差异。
1．What is Maltz's assumption based on
A．An intensive survey.
B．Psychological work.
C．The strict scientific research.
D．His personal observations.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In his work...arm or leg for about 21 days.”可知，他的假设是基于个人观察。
2．Why did Lally's team conduct the research
A．To prove Maltz's theory on habit formation.
B．To identify timelines for establishing new habits.
C．To explore the factors in affecting habit formation.
D．To present advantages of developing good behavior.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It wasn't until 2010 that...properly study habit formation timelines.”可知，拉利的团队要通过研究确定形成新习惯的限期。
3．What do we know about Lally's findings
A．There are large individual differences in forming habits.
B．Most participants took 66 days to form a habitual behavior.
C．It is harder to form a new habit than to persist with an old one.
D．Occasional stops have a big effect on the progress of habit formation.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Lally's findings revealed that...from 18 days up to 254 days between individuals.”可知，研究发现习惯的形成有很大的个体差异。
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．What Is the Key to Forming a New Habit
B．How Do We Develop Positive Routines
C．When Is the Best Time to Start a New Habit
D．Does It Really Take 21 Days to Build a New Habit
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了拉利的研究发现形成新均需要66天，推翻了人们所认同的21天养成新习惯的理论，D项最适合作文章标题。
B
(2025·湖北楚天协作体期中)Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco were able this year to hook people up to brain monitors (监测仪) and generate natural-sounding synthetic (合成的) speech out of mere brain activity. The goal is to give people who have lost the ability to speak—because of a stroke, epilepsy (癫痫) or something else—the power to talk to others just by thinking. That's pretty excellent.
One area where AI can most immediately improve our lives may be in the area of mental health. Unlike many illnesses, there's no simple physical test you can give someone to tell if he or she is suffering from depression. Primary care physicians can be mediocre (平庸的) at recognizing if a patient is depressed, or at predicting who is about to become depressed. Many people consider suicide, but it is very hard to tell who is really serious about it. Most people don't seek treatment until their illness is well advanced. Using AI, researchers can make better predictions about who is going to get depressed next week, and who is going to try to kill themselves.
Many groups are using AI technology to diagnose and predict depression. For example, after listening to millions of conversations, machines can pick out depressed people based on their speaking patterns. When people suffering from depression speak, the range and pitch (音高) of their voice tends to be lower. There are more pauses, starts and stops between words. People whose voice has a breathy quality are more likely to reattempt suicide. Machines can detect this stuff better than humans.
There are also visual (视觉的) patterns. Depressed people move their heads less often. Their smiles don't last as long. One research team led by Andrew Reece and Christopher Danforth analyzed 43，950 photos from 166 people and recognized who was depressed with 70 percent accuracy, which is better than general practice doctors. There are other ways to make these diagnoses. A company called Mind Strong is trying to measure mental health by how people use their smartphones: how they type and scroll (滚动翻页), how frequently they delete characters.
What's more, in his book Deep Medicine, which is about how AI is changing medicine across all fields, Eric Topol describes a study in which a learning algorithm (算法) was given medical records to predict who was likely to attempt suicide. It accurately predicted attempts nearly 80 percent of the time. By incorporating (列入) data of real-world interactions such as laughter and anger, an algorithm in a similar study was able to reach 93 percent accuracy.
Medicine is hard because we're much more different from one another than we thought. You can be upset by the privacy-invading power of AI to know you, but only AI can gather the data necessary to do this. The result is that we are entering a world in which people we don't know will be able to understand the most private details of our emotional life by observing the ways we communicate.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能如何在抑郁症的诊断和预测中发挥更好的作用。
5．What's the purpose of connecting people to brain monitors
A．Making man-made sound out of the patients' brain activity.
B．Helping people with speaking difficulties open their mouths to speak.
C．Offering people with speaking disabilities the power to speak by thinking.
D．Saving the lives of those who suffer from a stroke, epilepsy or something else.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The goal is to give people...by thinking.”可知，将人们连接到大脑监测仪的目的是为有语言障碍的人提供通过思考说话的能力。
6．In which field can AI improve our lives in the most immediate way
A．Medicine. B．Mental health.
C．Medical care. D．Physical health.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One area where AI...mental health.”可知，人工智能最直接改善生活的领域是心理健康领域。
7．How many ways AI technology is used to diagnose and predict depression are mentioned
A．Two B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段到第五段的内容可知，文章提到了4种使用人工智能技术诊断和预测抑郁症的方法，分别是根据说话语调、肢体表现、使用手机的方式和病历。
8．What's the best title of the passage
A．AI Helps People Increase Their Ability of Speech
B．AI Makes Better Predictions about Depression　
C．AI Gives Away People's Privacy
D．AI Increases People's Well-being by Using Various Methods
B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了人工智能如何在抑郁症的诊断和预测中发挥更好的作用。因此，B项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Life-Giving Touch
On March 25, Kate and David heard the words every parent fears: Their newborn wasn't going to make it. Their __1__—a girl and a boy—were born two minutes apart and 14 weeks premature (早产的), __2__ just over two pounds each. Doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no improvement. His __3__ was nearly gone.
“I saw him gasp (喘息), but the __4__ said it was no use，” Kate told the Daily Mail. “I know it sounds stupid, but if he was still gasping, that was a sign of __5__. I wasn't going to give up __6__. I wanted to let him know us.”
Kate __7__ the boy, whom the couple had already named Jamie, from his hospital blanket and ordered David to take his shirt off and __8__ them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as __9__ as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would __10__ his condition. They also talked to him.
“We were trying to encourage him to __11__，” Kate told the Daily Mail. “We explained his name and that he had a twin who he had to __12__ and how hard we had tried to have him. Then something miraculous (奇迹般的) happened. Jamie gasped again—and then he started __13__. Finally, he reached for his father's finger. Our __14__ boy had made it.”
“We're the __15__ people in the world，” Kate said gratefully. “The experience makes us cherish them more.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了早产儿杰米本已被医生判定无法存活，最后在父母爱的呼唤和拥抱下活下来的奇迹。
1．A．lives 　　 B．twins
C．teenagers D．couple
B　解析：根据下文“a girl and a boy—were born two minutes apart”可知，此处指一对双胞胎(twins)。
2．A．weighing B．measuring
C．dealing D．costing
A　解析：根据下文“just over two pounds each”可知，此处指体重(weigh)仅有两磅多。
3．A．emotion B．heartbeat
C．brain D．energy
B　解析：根据上文“but saw no improvement”可知，男孩的心跳(heartbeat)几乎停止了。
4．A．police B．assistant
C．doctor D．chief
C　解析：根据上文“Doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minutes”可知，是医生(doctor)说没有用了。
5．A．recognition B．stress
C．life D．nerves
C　解析：根据下文“I wasn't going to give up...let him know us.”可知，男孩的母亲认为他还在喘气，那就是生命(life)的迹象，她不会轻易(easily)放弃。
6．A．independently B．mentally
C．toughly D．easily
D　解析：参见上题解析。
7．A．unwrapped B．held
C．kissed D．removed
A　解析：根据下文“from his hospital blanket and ordered David to take his shirt off and ______ them in bed”可知，凯特解开(unwrap)这个男孩的包裹，并命令戴维脱掉衬衫，和他们一起(join)躺在床上。
8．A．join B．put
C．keep D．limit
A　解析：参见上题解析。
9．A．unique B．peaceful
C．balanced D．warm
D　解析：根据语境可知，这对父母希望通过这种肌肤接触让他们的儿子尽可能温暖(warm)一点，来改善(improve)他的状况。
10．A．destroy B．worsen
C．maintain D．improve
D　解析：参见上题解析。
11．A．leave B．talk
C．stay D．eat
C　解析：根据上文“trying to encourage him”可知，这对夫妻试图鼓励男孩坚持(stay)下来。
12．A．look around B．care for
C．show off D．fight against
B　解析：根据语境可知，此处指这对夫妻对男孩说他还有一个孪生妹妹，他必须照顾(care for)她。
13．A．struggling B．breathing
C．shouting D．waving
B　解析：根据上文“Jamie gasped again”可知，杰米又开始呼吸(breathe)了。
14．A．tiny B．huge
C．strong D．healthy
C　解析：根据上文医生对杰米无法活过来的判定以及此处语境可知，这个男孩一度濒临死亡，但是他又坚强(strong)地活下来了。
15．A．smartest B．wealthiest
C．luckiest D．kindest
C　解析：根据上文可知，虽然杰米一度濒临死亡，但是他活下来了，所以凯特认为他们是最幸运的(luckiest)。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Chinese began to accept Western medicine as early as the beginning of 20th century, 1.__________________ Chinese medicine is still in doubt among Western people. To them, Chinese medicine, like ancient China, is mysterious and beyond 2.____________(believe).
Chinese medicines, most of them 3.____________(be) originally natural herbs, are made through having these materials simmered, roasted, or fried without having specific standards. This is the main reason for 4.____________ they're not recognized internationally. Chinese medicines usually appear in 5.____________ form of pills, tablets and most commonly herb teas. They are used 6.____________ account of their power in aid of recovery and they tend to produce long-term effects. They might be 7.____________(slow) in curing the patient of the disease, but they have less serious side effects even if 8.____________(take) frequently, for each medicinal herb is prescribed (开处方) for the benefit of the patient, causing no harm to the liver or the kidneys.
It is obvious that no matter how strange they may seem to Westerners, Chinese medicines 9.____________(use) for thousands of years and prove to be extremely effective. It's up to us 10.____________(promote) the precious heritage.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中药未被西方认可的原因及其形式、药效等相关情况。
1．but/yet/while　解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处连接两个句子，上下文之间为转折关系，应用连词but或yet或while。
2．belief　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词beyond的宾语，应用名词形式。
3．being　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，be与其逻辑主语most of them之间为主动关系，空处应用现在分词形式。
4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“for ____________ they're not recognized internationally”是“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为reason，指物，空处应用关系代词which。
5．the　解析：考查冠词。in the form of...意为“以……的形式”，为固定搭配。
6．on　解析：考查介词。on account of意为“因为、由于”，为固定搭配。
7．slower　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据语境及空后的less可知，空处应用形容词比较级，表示对比。
8．taken　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为even if引导的状语从句的省略结构， 从句主语与主句主语一致，空处与从句主语they之间为被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，空处应用过去分词形式。
9．have been used　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据for thousands of years可知，应用现在完成时；主语Chinese medicines为复数，且与use之间为动宾关系，空处应用have been used。
10．to promote　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，It在句中作形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。单元过关检测(三)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the woman do with those things in the box
A．Donate them to the poor.
B．Throw them away.
C．Move them to the new house.
2．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A flight.
B．A special event.
C．A paper.
3．Who is the man probably
A．A cook.
B．A customer.
C．A waiter.
4．What are the speakers talking about
A．The history of bighorn sheep.
B．The decrease of bighorn sheep.
C．Ways to rescue bighorn sheep.
5．What does the man mean
A．He is disappointed with the film.
B．He'd like to read the novel.
C．He has seen the film twice.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the girl suggest about the first pair of shoes
A．They're a good value.
B．They're easy to walk in.
C．She'll be popular if she wears them.
7．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Father and daughter.
B．Salesman and customer.
C．Uncle and niece.
听第7段材料， 回答第8至10题。
8．Where does the woman suggest the man transfer
A．In Milan.　B．In Berlin.　C．In Toronto.
9．How long will the man spend on the flights
A．8 hours. B．9 hours. C．10 hours.
10．What will the man do on Wednesday afternoon
A．Watch a concert.
B．Go to a film festival.
C．Attend a conference.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is Isabel's
A．A restaurant.
B．A dress shop.
C．A bookstore.
12．Who has bought the silk evening dress
A．Cindy. B．Wendy. C．Mrs Miles.
13．How will the speakers go to Isabel's
A．By bus. B．By car. C．On foot.
听第9段材料， 回答第14至17题。
14．What did the man do most probably
A．A salesman.
B．An office clerk.
C．A flight attendant.
15．How did the man know about his present job
A．From the newspaper.
B．From his friend.
C．From the Internet.
16．What is the bad thing about the man's present job？　
A．He has no time for a vacation.
B．He has to receive a training.
C．He often needs to work at night.
17．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Old classmates.
B．Family members.
C．Former colleagues.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Where are international high school exchange students going to study
A．In the Tehachapi area.
B．In Paris, France.
C．In Stockholm, Sweden.
19．How long has STS Foundation promoted the student exchange program
A．For 16 years.
B．For 17 years.
C．For 20 years.
20．What must the host family provide for exchange students
A．Separate rooms.
B．Beds and meals.
C．Telephones.
答案：1～5.ABCBA　6～10.CABCC
11～15.BABAB　16～20.CAACB
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：Peter, could you please help me move the box into the car
M：No problem.Oh, what's inside the box
W：They are Tom's toys, clothes and old books.I want to send them to the poor.①
(Text 2)
W：The morning paper says the spaceship is taking off at 10：00 a．m. tomorrow.
M：Yeah, it's just another one of this year's events.②
(Text 3)
W：I'd like to order mushroom soup and a small salad.③
M：All right, madam.Take this number and sit wherever you'd like.Your order will be ready in about five minutes.Your total is $8.50.③
(Text 4)
W：Greg, can you believe it？There were millions of bighorn sheep in Wyoming in the 1800s.And now there are just a few thousand.④
M：I'm not surprised.Most herds were wiped out in the past two hundred years.
(Text 5)
W：What do you think of the movie we saw last night
M：I have read the novel about it.Well，to be honest, I don't think I will see it twice.⑤
(Text 6)
W：Can I get these shoes, please
M：Are you joking？Those shoes are six hundred dollars!
W：But all the cool girls at school have them！⑥
M：Well, the answer is no.And you'd never be able to walk in shoes like that.Those heels must be around five inches tall.
W：High heels are super “in” right now.⑥Uncle Tim bought some for Samantha! I'll do extra chores! Please？⑦
M：No way.Do you know how many chores you'd have to do to afford those？⑦ Look at these over here.They're sixty dollars and have a low heel, so you can walk in them without getting uncomfortable.
(Text 7)
M：Do you have any direct flight from Milan to Toronto
W：Sorry, we don't.But I think you can fly on Northwest Airlines to Berlin and then have a connecting flight on Canada Airline to Toronto⑧ and it is the cheapest flight, just $1，900.
M：When does the flight depart
W：At 8：00 am.By the way, it also makes a refueling stop.
M：How long is the stopover
W：Not so long, just one hour.⑨
M：And how long do I have to stay in Berlin for the connecting flight
W：That'll be two hours.⑨You may see a film or watch the amazing concert in the waiting room, though.
M：So the time for the total journey is about...
W：About 13 hours.⑨
M：Let me count.Today is Tuesday, and I'll have a meeting on Wednesday afternoon there.⑩OK.It works out for my schedule.Thanks a lot.
W：You are welcome.
(Text 8)
M：Hi, Wendy.I'm going to Isabel's. Are you coming
W：No.The things there are too expensive for me. I can't afford them.
M：Don't worry.Isabel's is having a clearance sale, and today is the last day.
W：Really？That's wonderful.Can you wait a second？I need to change.
M：All right, but hurry up.
W：Should we ask Cindy to come along？She saw an evening dress made of silk there last month which she liked very much.
M：She has already bought that evening dress.
W：When
M：Yesterday.She wore that dress last night, and showed off to everybody at Mr Miles' party.
W：Oh! That isn't like her.
M：Hurry up, will you？We'll have to go to a gas station first. We'd better be there before lunch.
W：All right, all right.I'm ready now.Let's go.
(Text 9)
W：Simon, long time no see. Are you still working in the shop？
M：No. I got bored with working behind a counter， so I started looking for a new job last year. I spent weeks looking through ads in the newspaper for a job as an office clerk, but I finally found this job with my friend's help.
W：So what do you do now
M：I'm a flight attendant.
W：That's great! How are you finding it
M：The job is great fun. I had to do six weeks of training before I could work on the planes. But I'm really enjoying it. The only bad thing about it is that I often work at night. Sometimes I have to go to work in the middle of the night.
W：That's awful.
M：It's OK. We get a lot of annual vacation, so that makes up for it. I took some time off to see Adrian last month.
W：Adrian Your cousin
M：Oh, no, did you forget he was our monitor in high school？
(Text 10)
W：International high school exchange students are coming to study in the Tehachapi area during the 2023-2024 school year. These students will become part of the Tehachapi area families with the goal of experiencing American culture as American high school students do.
STS Foundation, a non-profit student exchange organization is proud to help promote these relationships. They have been doing so for the past 20 years， and look forward to finding new host families in Tehachapi and connecting them with exchange students.
Pierre is a 16-year-old boy from Paris, France. He loves participating in tennis tournaments and also enjoys skiing, soccer and volleyball. He is eager to meet some Americans and learn about their experiences.Louise is a 17-year-old girl from Stockholm, Sweden, who loves playing and coaching tennis. She also enjoys participating in field events and is excited to experience the “school spirit” of an American high school.
The host family must provide a separate bed, family meals and a safe environment. If your family is interested in becoming a host family, please call 1800-5224-678.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Camping—Yellowstone National Park
Wanna hit a wonderful campground There are four choices in Yellowstone National Park.
Madison Campground
This site, a central location, is just 14 miles east of the West Yellowstone entrance and 16 miles north of Old Faithful near the crossroad of the Gibbon, Madison and Firehole Rivers.Offer a sanitary (卫生的) station and pay showers.Various group tours are at your service.
Canyon Campground
You'll find this campground close to the breathtaking Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone near the center of the park.Offer stores, restaurants, a coin laundry and a sanitary station.Showers are beyond reach.
Grant Village Campground
This woodsy campground is located at the southwestern of Yellowstone Lake, 22 miles north of the South Entrance.Within a half mile, you'll find restaurants, pay showers, and a sanitary station.Group tours available yet with limits on numbers.
Bridge Bay Campground
Bridge Bay is situated near Yellowstone Lake, 30 miles from the East Entrance to Yellowstone.It's also conveniently close to Bridge Bay lunch and coffee shop.A sanitary station is available.Access to the coin laundry is denied, and showers are under maintenance.Limited group tours available.
★Tips & Rules
Camping or overnight vehicle parking in any place other than a designated campground is not permitted and essential camping facilities are offered with prebooking.
Following the fires of 1988, thousands of dead trees, known as snags, were left standing in Yellowstone.These snags may fall with very little warning, so please be cautious and alert for falling snags in campsites.Click YellowstoneLog and you can find more camping information.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四处露营场地。
21．Which campground is most suitable for group visitors
A．Madison Campground.
B．Canyon Campground.
C．Grant Village Campground.
D．Bridge Bay Campground.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Madison Campground中的“Various group tours are at your service.”可知，麦迪逊露营地对于团体游览最合适。
22．What do Canyon and Bridge Bay have in common
A．Eye-catching scenery.
B．Inconvenient shower service.
C．Handy laundry service.
D．Favorable distance to the centre.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Canyon Campground中的“Showers are beyond reach.”和Bridge Bay Campground中的“Access to the coin laundry is denied, and showers are under maintenance.”可知，这两处的洗浴服务都不可使用。
23．What can visitors do according to Tips & Rules
A．Borrow necessary camping tools anytime.
B．Wander carelessly in the campgrounds.
C．Get more information from the park staff.
D．Park in areas as directed in the campgrounds.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据★Tips & Rules中的“Camping or overnight vehicle parking in any place...are offered with prebooking.”可知，游客可在露营场地指定地点停车。
B
A couple has recently placed their garbage can out for collection for the first time in 14 months, all thanks to their recycling skills.Richard and Louise Arnold have established such an effective routine that they only need to put their garbage can on the side of the street once a year.
Louise explained that making small monthly changes in her life has resulted in her family producing very little waste.She said, “It's not as difficult as you might think if you start with small steps.We began with soap, switching from bath cream to natural soap without packaging.These bars are large enough that we cut them in half, using one for the sink and the other half for the shower.It's both cost-effective and environmentally friendly.”
“So it's actually quite easy.Just go around your house and think of little things you can do gradually, and you'll start noticing the difference，” Louise added.Currently, the couple takes recyclable waste to the tip, donates clothes to charity shops, and brings soft plastics and batteries to a shop that accepts them.
In 2017, the couple established No Waste Living, which initially started as a weekend stall at the local market and has since developed into a website.Louise regularly writes a newsletter for her hundreds of subscribers.They also started selling eco-friendly products, ranging from non-chemical household cleaning and washing solutions for a “less toxic home” to bamboo washing-up brushes. Louise mentioned, “I started No Waste Living because I wanted to show our achievements and lead by example.”
Although the family occasionally faces criticism, Louise remains determined.She said, “The main point of contention (争论) for people regarding new waste rules is having to drive their waste to a recycling center, which adds to their already busy lives.However, in the long run, you will create more space in your home, save money, and spend less time dealing with garbage cans.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一对夫妇在回收利用垃圾和减少家庭垃圾方面的经验，并通过激励他人减少浪费来推动环境保护。
24．How did the couple start their waste reduction journey
A．By replacing small soaps with large ones.
B．By using a small amount of bath cream.
C．By using unpackaged soap bars.
D．By recycling soft plastics and batteries.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We began with soap...natural soap without packaging.”可知，这对夫妇开始通过将沐浴露换成没有包装的天然肥皂来减少垃圾。
25．Why did the couple found No Waste Living
A．To bring eco-products to market.
B．To inspire others to follow in their footsteps.
C．To treat recyclable waste from the neighborhood.
D．To answer the call of their subscribers.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I started No Waste Living...and lead by example.”可知，这对夫妇创建No Waste Living的目的是通过自己的经历激励他人效仿他们的做法，减少浪费。
26．Why do some people dislike new waste rules
A．They mean more work to deal with garbage.
B．They increase the cost of garbage collection.
C．They establish a set time for waste management.
D．They limit the daily amount of garbage for collection.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The main point of contention...which adds to their already busy lives.”可知，人们对于新的垃圾处理规则的主要争议点是增加了他们处理垃圾的工作量。
27．What is the passage mainly about
A．A business-minded couple.
B．The “less poisonous home” concept.
C．The global trend in recycling.
D．A planet-friendly lifestyle.
D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一对夫妇倡导家庭垃圾最小化的经历，并通过激励他人减少浪费来推动环境保护。D项最能概括文章大意。
C
Most of us are aware of “Is the glass half full or half empty？” test.If you pick the former, you're an “optimist”； otherwise, you're a “pessimist”．It's not a black-or-white test, but it can measure how one sees life.
According to psychologist Lissy Ann Puno, most of us grow up wanting to be an optimist—a person who can see the good in any situation and can stay hopeful when facing challenges.For some people, though, life happens and they start to see the glass half-empty instead.Pessimists tend to see the wrong in every situation, and blame external factors and circumstances when things aren't going their way.
Being continuously fed with bad news and disappointments can turn optimistic children into adults that are critical of almost everything.For some, the shift becomes easier，being raised by pessimistic parents.Others still remain optimistic, thanks to a positive household growing up.
“This is why developing optimism in young children is significant for their development as adults，” said Lissy Ann.If adopted at an early age, this powerful personality quality can help children grow into strong adults capable of handling life's circumstances with confidence, courage, and hope.What parents wouldn't want that for their children
“Children are seen as natural optimists，” Lissy Ann said.They come into this world with unbiased (无偏见的) eyes and a pure heart that hasn't been influenced by social expectations, life experiences, severe mental shock, or authority figures yet.Whether a child grows up to be optimistic or not is part genetic and part environmental.“Childhood experiences, parent-child connection, or authority figures will all have some influence，” she said.Although optimism (or the lack of it) could be passed down genetically, it can also be taught.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了培养幼儿的乐观情绪对他们成年后的发展的重要性。
28．What attitude do the people of “the half-empty glass” hold
A．Focusing more on the negative aspect.
B．Holding onto hope in every challenge.
C．Considering different reasons for situations.
D．Measuring life based on social expectations.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，“半空杯子”的人是悲观主义者，所以他们更多地关注消极方面。
29．What is mainly discussed about the shift into pessimists in paragraph 3
A．Possible causes.
B．Proper treatments.
C．Obvious signs.
D．Common misunderstandings.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Being continuously fed with...are critical of almost everything.”可知，本段主要讨论了转变为悲观主义者可能的原因。
30．Why is it important for children to be optimistic
A．It guarantees them a trouble-free life.
B．It enables them to be incomparable in career.
C．It makes them mentally strong in adulthood.
D．It helps them meet their parents' expectations.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，培养幼儿的乐观情绪使他们在成年后精神强大。
31．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Children master interpersonal skills naturally.
B．Genetic factors decide how children see life.
C．Optimism strengthens parent-child connection.
D．Proper guidance helps raise optimistic children.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although optimism...it can also be taught.”可推知，适当的引导有助于培养乐观的孩子。
D
A psychologist at Stanford once did an experiment.He assigned preschool children to three groups.The first group watched adults play rudely with an inflatable clown (充气小丑) called Bobo; another watched adults play quietly with a different toy while ignoring Bobo; and the third had no exposure to these adult role models.Next, each of the children was left alone with Bobo.
The results of the study were striking.Only the children in the first group later kicked Bobo, hit it with a stick, and sat on it just as they watched the adults do.
The above study indicates kids may follow suit if they see what others do.That's why role models matter.When kids are exposed to role models they can relate to, it helps them set ambitious goals.Don't assume kids know they can be anything they want when they grow up.
Take myself for example.“Angela, do you think the US will elect a female president in your lifetime？” Years ago, this was the last question of the last interview for a scholarship I didn't win.Without hesitation I shook my head saying “no”．As the interview ended, I sensed I'd given an answer the committee found disappointing.“Of course there will be a female president，” they wanted me to say with a confident smile.“And I hope I have your vote.”
Like most children, my first role models were in my family.My dad had a PhD in chemistry.My uncles and countless cousins were mostly doctors or scientists.So, if you'd asked me in, say, third grade, “Angela, could you become a college professor someday if you tried？” Without a bit of evidence that I'd be any good at such a career, I'd have nodded my head.
So it's quite necessary that we should go out of our way to expose kids to role models, whether it's an Olympic athlete or a CEO.Now that we have our first female vice-president, can the first female president be far behind
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过实验表明对孩子而言，榜样的力量和重要性。
32．Why did the children in the first group treated Bobo rudely
A．They regarded it as a mere toy.
B．They meant to make fun of Bobo.
C．They were raised to behave badly.
D．They were set a negative example.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据前三段内容可知，第一组的孩子粗鲁地对待波波是因为他们被树立了一个反面的榜样。
33．What did the committee expect Angela to do with the last question
A．To raise her doubt.
B．To respond positively.
C．To interpret its meaning.
D．To change her reply quickly.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Without hesitation...the committee found disappointing.”可知，委员会期望安吉拉积极地回答这个问题。
34．How did third-grade Angela feel about the chance of being a professor
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.
C．Curious. D．Hesitant.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，三年级的安吉拉认为自己很有希望成为一位教授。
35．Which of the following may be the best title for the passage
A．My Role Models
B．Aim High and Act Early
C．How to Become American President
D．Role Models Help Shape Kids' Future
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章通过一个实验说明榜样的力量，以及榜样能够帮助塑造孩子的未来。因此，D项最适合作为文章标题。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Innovation experts advise people to “think outside the box” to improve creativity and adaptability. 36.________ How does one think outside it
Originally, the box was a reference to the nine-dot (点) problem. 37.________ Connect all the dots in a nine-dot form using no more than four straight lines and without lifting your pen or pencil from the page. If you cannot think of any solution to this puzzle (谜题), you're not alone. The nine equally-spaced dots give the impression of a square or box. Without realizing it, you may assume that the lines must be drawn within the boundaries of the dots. 38.________ You must think outside the box! In the correct solutions, the lines always extend outside of the square.
In a sense, the “box” is a metaphor for an unnecessary assumption, or an example which limits creative problem-solving. To overcome this, it may help to change viewpoints, question rules (or assumptions), and try different approaches. 39.________
Innovative thinking emphasizes change. Taking different viewpoints, thinking non-traditionally—these involve breaking from the norm. By definition, this sort of thinking is more original. An open and flexible mind also allows one to adapt more easily to unexpected situations. And best of all, you don't have to be an innovator or a businessman to think outside the box. 40.________ There are a couple of simple exercises to stretch your creative muscles in everyday life.
A．So, what is the box
B．In other words, think outside the box.
C．The goal of this classic puzzle is simple.
D．We instantly recognize the pattern of a square.
E．As a result, we may find ourselves stuck in the box.
F．To solve the puzzle, you must let go of that assumption.
G．By accepting little changes, you'll easily become more flexible.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“跳出方框思考”这一概念的起源和含义，并给出了跳出思维定式、培养创新能力的一些方法。
36．A　解析：上文提到“跳出方框思考”这个概念，下文提出如何在它(即“方框”)之外思考，空处应承上启下，提问方框的含义，A项符合语境。
37．C　解析：上文提到方框最初源于九点谜题，下文介绍这个谜题的具体任务，空处应承上启下，总述谜题的目标，C项符合语境。
38．F　解析：上文介绍这个谜题的难处在于人们往往会被固有印象限制，产生一个特定的假设，下文表明谜题的正确解决方法在于跳出思维定式，空处应承上启下，表明放弃这个假设，F项符合语境，其中的assumption和上文的assume是同根词复现。
39．B　解析：上文介绍“方框”的真实含义，以及跳出这种思维的方法，空处应承接上文，概括解决方法的要义，B项符合语境。
40．G　解析：上文提到拥有开放和灵活的头脑的好处，以及跳出固有思维其实很简单，空处应承接上文，指出做出小的改变就能更灵活，G项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Since my early twenties, I have dreamed of being a psychotherapist.However, the trials of life kept __41__ my way. I entered college at 51-year-old and won a partial __42__ to a top college.By 55, I graduated with honors and __43__ a master's program.Just as I was almost on my way to fulfilling my dream, a throat check-up contributed to a shocking __44__： a brain tumor (肿瘤).
Doctors told me this tumor, growing rapidly, sat close to the brain stem.“You had __45__ one year to live.” they said.Later, I called a famous neurosurgeon and asked if he would look at my MRI.He agreed.I'll never __46__ the call I got a few days later.“I can help you.”
The recovery from a very __47__ six-hour brain surgery was terrifying.I lost the hearing in one ear.I couldn't walk __48__ help.I had a(n) __49__ buzzing in my head that woke me up many times a night.
Tough as it was, I began my master's studies __50__ in bed with a patch over one eye and a laptop on a pillow on my lap.For the next three years I worked __51__. As my health __52__， I completed my internships, eventually working full-time to gain the __53__ experience for licensing.
Now I am a psychotherapist in private practice, focusing on teens and adults.I also worked hard to become certified in Behavior Therapy to help those with self-harm __54__. It is my belief that no matter what a person has __55__， no matter how old a person is, they can still become what they might have been.It is never too late.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者梦想成为一名心理治疗师，虽然得了脑瘤，但通过不断努力，最终实现梦想的故事。
41．A．cutting across B．dropping off
C．leading to D．getting in
D　解析：根据下文“I entered college...a brain tumor.”可知，生活的困难不断阻碍(get in)作者实现梦想。
42．A．scholarship B．prize
C．fortune D．property
A　解析：根据上文“I entered college at 51-year-old and won a partial”可知，作者进入大学并获得奖学金(scholarship)。
43．A．noticed B．secured
C．sponsored D．sought
B　解析：根据下文a master's program可知，作者大学毕业并获得(secure)硕士学位。
44．A．loss B．prediction
C．discovery D．ending
C　解析：根据下文a brain tumor可知，检查发现(discovery)作者得了脑瘤。
45．A．hardly B．appropriately
C．hopelessly D．approximately
D　解析：根据上文“Doctors told me this tumor, growing rapidly, sat close to the brain stem.”和下文one year to live可知，医生说作者只有大约(approximately)一年的生命。
46．A．regret B．assume
C．forget D．miss
C　解析：根据作者得脑瘤的境遇和下文“I can help you.”可知，作者永远不会忘记(forget)那个可以帮助他的电话。
47．A．rare B．risky
C．abnormal D．crucial
B　解析：根据下文six-hour brain surgery可知，6小时脑部手术是有风险的(risky)。
48．A．through B．against
C．under D．without
D　解析：根据上文“I lost the hearing in one ear.I couldn't walk”和语境可知，手术后，没有(without)帮助作者走不了路。
49．A．horrible B．mild
C．mental D．internal
A　解析：根据上文作者术后反应和下文“buzzing in my head that woke me up many times a night”可知，术后作者脑子里有一种可怕的(horrible)嗡嗡声。
50．A．seating B．lying
C．resting D．struggling
B　解析：根据下文“in bed with a patch over one eye and a laptop on a pillow on my lap”可知，作者躺(lie)在床上。
51．A．tirelessly B．seriously
C．carefully D．restlessly
A　解析：根据下文“As my health...for licensing.”可知，作者不知疲倦地(tirelessly)工作。
52．A．changed B．improved
C．repaired D．worsened
B　解析：根据下文“I completed my internships...for licensing”可知，作者的健康状况好转(improve)，完成了实习，最终全职工作，以获得取得执照所需的(necessary)经验。
53．A．diverse B．perfect
C．necessary D．extra
C　解析：参见上题解析。
54．A．conduct B．awareness
C．crime D．consequence
A　解析：根据上文“help those with self-harm”及语境可知，此处指那些有自残行为(conduct)的人。
55．A．desired B．learned
C．experienced D．achieved
C　解析：根据作者的经历和上文“It is my belief that no matter what a person has”可知，作者相信无论一个人经历(experience)过什么，多大年纪，他们仍然可以成为他们可能成为的样子。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the Hangzhou 2023 Asian Games, athletes from around the world have been exploring acupuncture (针灸), a component of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This practice 56.____________(be) an important part of Chinese healthcare system for centuries.
TCM, which includes acupuncture, herbal therapy, massage, Tai Chi, and Qigong remains 57.____________ essential component of China's medical system and has gained increasing 58.__________(recognize) on a global scale. Not only is it popular among the Chinese population, but it is also gaining interest in Western societies, 59.__________ has led to increased investments in professional TCM services.
While China places significant emphasis 60.______________ the integration of TCM with modern biomedicine, it is also becoming more popular worldwide. Although some medical professionals are 61.__________________(doubt) about the far-reaching effects of TCM, the practice 62.____________(accept) as a fundamental aspect of global healthcare.
TCM has been recognized for the potential benefits, particularly when 63.____________(use) alongside with modern medicine, which has resulted in its increasing integration into modern healthcare systems. Despite its ancient Chinese origins, TCM's principles and practices have a global influence currently, with experts 64.____________(offer) their special skills across the world.
As research into TCM continues to advance and more individuals embrace it for their healthcare needs, the field is definite 65.____________(grow).
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医是中国医疗体系的重要组成部分，并在全球范围内获得了越来越多的认可。
56．has been　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 根据for centuries可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语为practice，助动词应用第三人称单数。
57．an　解析：考查冠词。 component意为“组成部分”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，essential的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
58．recognition　解析：考查名词。 此处应用名词作has gained的宾语。
59．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰整个句子，应用关系代词which。
60．on/upon　解析：考查介词。 place emphasis on/upon意为“重视”，为固定搭配。
61．doubtful　解析：考查形容词。“be doubtful about...”意为“对……持怀疑态度”，为固定搭配。
62．has been accepted　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的动作发生在过去，但对现在产生结果或影响，应用现在完成时；动词accept和主语构成被动关系；主语为practice，助动词应用第三人称单数。
63．used　解析：考查非谓语动词。在when引导的时间状语从句中，主语和主句主语相同时，从句可以省略主语和系动词，动词use和主语构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。
64．offering　解析：考查非谓语动词。在with的复合结构中，动词offer和逻辑主语experts构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。
65．to grow　解析：考查非谓语动词。 be definite to do sth.意为“肯定做某事”，为固定搭配。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友汤姆(Tom)写信告诉你，近日他由于沉迷于网络游戏，而影响了身体健康。请你给他回复一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.你的建议；
2.表达期望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Tom，
I'm sorry to hear that you are addicted to online games, affecting your physical health greatly. I'm writing to offer you some advice, which I hope will be helpful to you.
To begin with, limit the time you spend on your computer and be absorbed in other activities including chatting with your friends. Additionally, it is strongly advised that you should have enough sleep as it can enhance the quality of your life and make you refreshed. Most importantly, you are supposed to have a positive attitude towards life and exercise regularly so that you can keep healthy physically and mentally.
As long as you make up your mind, you will overcome any difficulty. I hope my advice will make a difference and that you can live a healthy and dynamic life.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25 分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was moving fast, stepping cautiously from rock to rock.Far ahead, I could see the back of my brother's sandy hair and the bright orange of his shorts.
“Too slow！”I heard Sam yell.
“I'll show him，”I thought and attempted a double jump.What a mistake！My left foot came down hard between the edges of two gray rocks.“Ouch！”I yelled.I tried to pull my foot out, but my shoe was stuck. I bent closer to the rock, and that's when I saw it: a shiny, square shaped stone, the color of water, attached to a shining gold chain.It was just lying there on the wet sand, and a few seconds later it was in my pocket.
“Why do you look odd？”my brother asked once I'd freed my foot and caught up to him.We were walking back to Uncle Coop's house, where we spent a couple of weeks every summer.
I kept turning the treasure around in my pocket, pushing each corner of the square stone into my finger.I was excited, but I didn't want Sam to notice.He liked to tell everybody my business.
We walked along the main street, the small buildings giving us a break from the sun.Through the window of the candy shop I could see tubes of colorful jelly beans. A sign on the window's glass read LOST：Gold and blue necklace.Very very very special.If found, call Chrissy at 555-9924.
Chrissy had drawn a crayon version of the necklace at the bottom of the poster.The necklace looked different from the one in my pocket, I decided.Rounder, bluer.The poster appeared old and was weathered.It must have been put up months ago.We continued to walk.Someone must have returned that necklace by now, I thought.
Once I got home, I placed the necklace into my old yellow box.I'd cleaned it out and made it my special spot for special things.So far, it held twin miniature (微型的) seashells, a pebble that looked exactly like a robin's egg, and 11 half-burnt birthday candles.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
I stared at the necklace, deep in thought.____________________
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Fifteen minutes later, I was sitting in a coffee shop with Chrissy.____________________________________________________
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One possible version：
I stared at the necklace, deep in thought.Could it be Chrissy's Was it a very special necklace Should I keep it or return it to her I paced back and forth in the room anxiously, not knowing what to do.Having struggled for a long time, I finally decided to call the number on the poster and got in touch with Chrissy.I told her that I might have something that belonged to her and made an appointment with her.
Fifteen minutes later, I was sitting in a coffee shop with Chrissy.Hardly had I presented the necklace when Chrissy recognized it immediately.With her eyes filled with tears, she told me that it was a gift from her mom before she got sick and she was grateful to me for returning the necklace to her. “Holding onto it somehow makes things a little better，” she said.I couldn't agree more with her.It dawned on me that of all the possessions honesty is the most precious.Period 3　Writing
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写作一　应用文写作(寻求保护视力建议的求助信)
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假定你是李华，最近你的视力有所下降，看不清远处的东西。请你给眼科医生史密斯(Smith)发邮件求助，内容包括：
1.视力困扰；
2.请求帮助；
3.表示感谢。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
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[第一段]　点明求助的问题
1．我写信是想向您寻求一些关于如何保护我的眼睛的建议。
I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to protect my eyes．
[第二段]　说明求助的具体内容
2．最近我发现很难看清远处的东西。
I find it hard to see things far away recently.
3．我想我的眼睛可能近视了，所以我感到很不舒服。
I think my eyes may be short-sighted so I feel very uncomfortable.
4．学习压力太大， 我不得不经常用眼睛。
The study pressure is so great that I have to use my eyes a lot．
5．你能告诉我如何科学地使用我的眼睛吗？
Would you please tell me how to use my eyes scientifically
6．我既可以保护我的眼睛，又不影响我的学习。
I can protect my eyes as well as not affect my studies．
[第三段]　表示感谢
7．如果你能给我一些实用的建议，我将非常感激。
I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice．
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8．[读教材原句]　(教材P30)Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game－changing as genome editing.
[记句式]　but连接转折并列句
[学仿写]　用but连接转折并列句合并句3和句4
I think my eyes may be short-sighted so I feel very uncomfortable, but the study pressure is so great that I have to use my eyes a lot.
9．[读教材原句]　(教材P12)Some films are now sponsored by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the films.
[记句式]　so that引导状语从句
[学仿写]　用so that引导状语从句合并句5和句6
Would you please tell me how to use my eyes scientifically, so that I can protect my eyes as well as not affect my studies
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One possible version：
Dear Doctor Smith，
I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to protect my eyes.
I find it hard to see things far away recently. I think my eyes may be short-sighted so I feel very uncomfortable, but the study pressure is so great that I have to use my eyes a lot. Would you please tell me how to use my eyes scientifically, so that I can protect my eyes as well as not affect my studies
I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice.
Yours，
Li Hua
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第一段点明求助的问题 1.I am writing in the hope that you will be kind enough to do me a favor.我写信希望你能帮我一个忙。2.How are you doing I wonder if you could give me some advice on how to protect my eyes.你好吗？我想知道你是否能给我一些如何保护我的眼睛的建议。
第二段说明求助的具体内容 1.Prolonged screen time, insufficient outdoor activities and poor reading habits resulted in a decline in my vision.长时间盯着屏幕、缺乏户外活动以及不良的阅读习惯导致我的视力下降了。2.I am encountering three problems which trouble me a lot. To begin with, ...What's more, ...What troubles me most is... 　我遇到三个问题很困扰我，首先，……另外，……最困扰我的是……3.Faced with the above problems, I am anxious to get your help, so that I can better protect my eyes.面对上述问题，我渴望得到你的帮助，这样我就能更好地保护我的眼睛。
第三段表示感谢 1.I am really grateful if you could help me.如果你能帮助我，我真的很感激。2.I'm eager to get your help.我渴望得到你的帮助。
写作二　场景微续写(汤姆的母亲节惊喜)
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词汇积累 [人物描写]　bold, chef, elegant, exceptional, temper, stable, madam, ideal, modest[动作描写]　consist of, stuff, slice...off, consume, chew, trick
佳句积累 [动作描写]　Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.[排比]　At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.[比较]　And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.
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[场景呈现]　母亲节那天，汤姆决定做一顿饭作为礼物送给母亲。这顿饭包括了几道简单的菜肴，有主菜、蔬菜配菜和一片蛋糕作为甜点。然而，由于缺乏经验，汤姆把食物煮糊了。他感到失望，于是向父亲求助，父亲教了他一些烹饪技巧。在父亲的指导下，汤姆成功挽救了这顿饭，将其变成了一顿优雅而特别的晚餐。母亲对这个贴心的举动感到非常高兴，并表扬了汤姆的努力。汤姆感到自豪和开心，意识到尽管过程并不完美，但他投入的爱和关心让这顿饭变得特别。当他们坐下来吃饭时，汤姆忍不住微笑着咀嚼食物，他知道自己让母亲度过了一个难忘的日子。
On Mother's Day, Tom decided to cook a meal as a gift for his mother. The meal 1.consisted of a modest selection of dishes, including a main course, a side of vegetables, and 2.a slice of cake for dessert. However, Tom's lack of experience led to the food being burnt. Feeling disappointed, he sought help from his father, 3.who taught him a few cooking tricks (who引导非限制性定语从句). With his father's guidance, Tom managed to salvage the meal, 4.turning it into an elegant and exceptional dinner (现在分词短语作状语). His mother was delighted with the thoughtful gesture and praised Tom for his effort. Tom felt proud and happy, realizing that 5.while the process wasn't ideal (while引导让步状语从句), the love and care he put into the meal made it special. As they sat down to eat, Tom 6.couldn't help but chew his food with a smile, knowing he had made his mother's day memorable.
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短语必记 1.achieve success 　取得成功2.make it big 取得巨大成功3.be on the road to success 走向成功4.meet with success 获得成功5.rise to the top 　升到顶端；取得最高成就6.be in the winner's circle 进入成功者的行列7.be crowned with success 获得成功8.on the brink of success 即将取得成功
必背金句 1.After years of hard work, she finally achieved success in her career.经过多年的辛勤努力，她终于在事业上取得了成功。2.The new marketing strategy met with great success, increasing sales by 30%.新的营销策略取得了巨大成功，销售额增长了30%。3.The project was crowned with success thanks to the team's outstanding efforts.由于团队的杰出努力，该项目取得了圆满成功。4.With the new technology, the company is on the road to success.有了新技术，公司正走向成功。5.After winning the championship, she was finally in the winner's circle.赢得冠军后，她终于进入了胜利者的行列。6.The company is on the brink of success, with a major breakthrough just around the corner.公司即将取得成功，重大突破指日可待。INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\博览万象1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\博览万象1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
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诗歌与书法
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【高频词汇】
1．serene adj. 平静的
2．melancholic adj. 忧郁的
3．nostalgic adj. 怀旧的；思乡的
4．ornate adj. 华美的
5．lyrical adj. 抒情的
6．romantic adj. 浪漫的
7．interpretation n. 解释；表演方式
8．script n. 笔迹
9．peculiar adj. 奇怪的；不寻常的
10．artistic merit 艺术价值
11．historical significance 历史意义
12．technical proficiency 技艺水平
13．aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力
【话题佳句】
1．(人教选必三U1)From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times.
从青铜碗到陶瓷花瓶，从玉雕到水墨画，我们的目标是展示中国古代的艺术天赋。
2．(人教选必三U5)Widely known as a genius and often called the “Immortal Poet”， Li Bai (701-762) wrote with a romantic style and his poems celebrated things such as friendship, nature and wine.
李白(701－762)被誉为天才，常被称为“不朽的诗人”，他的诗歌以浪漫主义的风格创作，歌颂友谊、自然和美酒等事物。
3．(译林选必一U2)Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements: it is played on Western instruments such as the violin, but more significantly, much of the music has its roots in Chinese Yue Opera.
《梁祝》融合了中西方的音乐元素：它是用小提琴等西方乐器演奏的，但更重要的是，很多音乐都源于中国越剧。
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Oracle bone script is an ancient script carved on tortoise shells or animal bones and originates from divination practices. 1.Emerging(emerge) during the Shang Dynasty (B．C．160-B．C．1000), oracle bone script is now considered the oldest script in China.
In Shang Dynasty, diviners (占卜者) would heat animal bones or tortoise shells until cracks formed. The interpretation of the crack patterns, served 2.as guidance from ancestors regarding future weather, military actions, crop harvests, royal births and other matters.
The discovery of oracle bone script is a story filled with chance occurrences. In 1899, Wang Yirong, 3.an official and epigrapher (金石学家) in Beijing, noticed peculiar symbols on the “dragon bones” he purchased for medicinal use. As an expert in ancient scripts, he 4.keenly(keen) realized that these symbols could be ancient writing. Wang immediately sent people to purchase a large number of these inscribed oracle bones from the medicine shops 5.and conducted preliminary research on them. He confirmed that these symbols belonged to an ancient writing system even 6.older(old) than the known seal script (篆书), thus opening the academic study of oracle bone script.
Oracle bone script is complicated in shape, 7.consisting(consist) of numerous pictographic and ideographic characters. It records the daily lives, social systems, religious 8.beliefs(belief) and various ritual activities of the Shang Dynasty people. Through the study of oracle bone script, we can gain insights into aspects of Shang Dynasty society such as social structure, religious concepts and economic activities.
With further research on oracle bone script, there is a general 9.recognition(recognize) of its historical value and academic significance by the international scholarly community. In 2017, Oracle Bone Inscriptions in China 10.were included(include) in the Memory of the World Register, signifying the international acknowledgment of their importance as a cultural heritage of humanity.
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World in a Dish: Thinking Outside the White Plastic Box
Adapted from The Economist-20250201
Across the West, eating tofu is seen as weak and somehow unmanly. Obviously, this view is silly, and those who hold it are robbing themselves of a healthy, delicious and adaptable source of protein. Tofu—rich in calcium, protein and a variety of minerals—remained unknown in the West until the 1960s while Asians have eaten it for millennia. For some, tofu is too ordinary and tasteless that they eat it only because they feel they should. In a new book, Tofu: A Culinary History, Russell Thomas, a journalist, argues that bean curd deserves better than its worthy reputation.
In some Asian languages, the words for “tofu” and “cheese” are similar, and they have strikingly similar production methods. Just as cheeses differ markedly in taste and texture, tofu takes a variety of forms, from delicate silken tofu (嫩豆腐)—delicious as a dessert when dressed with syrup—to the refrigerated boxed-in-water versions.
For people who want to reduce their meat consumption, tofu can prove a surprisingly delicious substitute. Extra-firm tofu, crumbled and well-seasoned, makes a taco filling reminiscent (使回忆起) of Mexican chorizo (墨西哥辣香肠). Coated in cornstarch, shallow-fried and sauced, it makes a crisp, light stir-fry. Thawed tofu has a porous resilience that soaks up sauce, making it perfect for stews.
But tofu need not stand in for meat. That's where we can learn from Asians. Across Asia, people see no contradiction in eating both meat and tofu, even in the same dish. In mapo tofu, a Sichuanese favourite, small chewy bits of beef or pork swimming in a spicy sauce complement tofu's tender delicacy. Then, soft tofu cut in squares makes a bed for a whole steamed fish bathed in chillies and garlic. Smoked or pressed tofu, with its firm and meaty texture, stir-fried with pork and celery, offers a quick and gentle lunch, served over rice.
And though tofu sticks may look shiny and more like industrial products when packaged and dried, paired with chunks of pork belly in a spiced broth (肉汤), they make a winter stew hearty and delicious enough to convert the tofuphobe (讨厌豆腐的人)—and remind you never to judge a food by popular beliefs.
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1．unmanly adj.无男子汉气概的；懦弱的
2．adaptable (熟词生义) adj.易于吸收的
3．calcium n．钙
4．millennia n. (pl.) 千年(millennium 的复数)
5．bean curd 豆腐
6．strikingly adv.显著地；引人注目地
7．differ v．不同；有差异
8．markedly adv.明显地
9．texture n．口感
10．delicate adj.精致的
11．syrup n．糖浆
12．substitute n．替代品
13．crumbled adj.弄碎的
14．well-seasoned adj.调味充分的
15．coated (熟词生义) adj.覆盖着…… 的；涂上…… 的
16．crisp adj.& n．脆的；酥脆的
17．soak up 吸收；摄取
18．stew n．炖菜；炖煮
19．stand in for 代替；代表
20．contradiction n．矛盾；反驳；对立
21．complement v．补充；补足
22．pair with 与……配对；与……搭配
23．chunk n．大块
24．hearty adj.丰盛的
25．convert v．转变；转化
INCLUDEPICTURE "ArticleLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\ArticleLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\ArticleLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E26TBYYWK1-3.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\E26TBYYWK1-3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\E26TBYYWK1-3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 答案：1.reputation　2.Similarities　3.bine　5.judge INCLUDEPICTURE "SummaryLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\SummaryLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\SummaryLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET In the West, there's a wrong view that eating tofu is 1.unmanly. However, tofu is undervalued as it is quite 2.nutritious. It has various forms and can substitute meat. In Asia, it is combined with 3.meat, creating great dishes.
INCLUDEPICTURE "StructuralLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\StructuralLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\StructuralLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1.Obviously, this view is silly, and those who hold it are robbing themselves of a healthy, delicious and adaptable source of protein.[分析]　句中第一个and连接两个并列句；who引导限制性定语从句。[翻译]　显然，这种观点很愚蠢，持有这一观点的人是在剥夺自己获取一种健康、美味且易于吸收的蛋白质来源的机会。2.Just as cheeses differ markedly in taste and texture, tofu takes a variety of forms, from delicate silken tofu—delicious as a dessert when dressed with syrup—to the refrigerated boxed-in-water versions.[分析]　句中as引导方式状语从句；when引导时间状语从句，从句中省略主语和be动词。[翻译]　正如奶酪在口味和口感方面差异显著，豆腐也有多种形态，从口感细腻的嫩豆腐(淋上糖浆可作为美味的甜点)到冷藏的盒装水豆腐都有。3.And though tofu sticks may look shiny and more like industrial products when packaged and dried, paired with chunks of pork belly in a spiced broth, they make a winter stew hearty and delicious enough to convert the tofuphobe—and remind you never to judge a food by popular beliefs.[分析]　句中though引导让步状语从句；when引导时间状语从句，从句中省略主语和be动词；“paired with...in a spiced broth”为过去分词短语作状语。[翻译]　尽管包装好的干豆腐串看起来光亮，更像是工业产品，但与五花肉块一起在调好味的肉汤中炖煮的话，它们能让冬日的炖菜变得丰盛可口，足以让讨厌豆腐的人改变看法——也提醒你永远不要根据流行的看法来评判一种食物。
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My Early Home
Excerpt from Black Beauty
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“黑骏马”天资聪颖，但遭受厄运，几经易主，历经磨难，最终在与死神擦肩而过后重获新生。
The first place that① I can well remember was a large pleasant meadow (草地) with a pond of clear water in it. Some shady (阴凉的) trees leaned over② it, and rushes (灯芯草) and water-lilies (睡莲) grew at the deep end. Over the hedge (树篱) on one side we looked into a plowed (犁过的) field, and on the other we looked over a gate at our master's house, which③ stood by the roadside; at the top of the meadow was a wood of fir (冷杉) trees④， and at the bottom a running brook (小溪) overhung (悬垂) by a steep bank⑤.
While⑥ I was young I lived upon⑦ my mother's milk, as⑧ I could not eat grass. In the daytime I ran by her side, and at night I lay down close by her. When it was hot we used to stand⑨ by the pond in the shade of the trees, and when it was cold we had a nice warm shed (棚子) near the grove (树丛).
As soon as⑩ I was old enough to eat grass, my mother would go out to work in the daytime, and come back in the evening.
There were six young colts (雄马驹) in the meadow besides me; they were older than I was; some were nearly as large as grown-up horses. I used to run with them, and had great fun; we used to gallop (驰骋) all together round and round the field as hard as we could go. Sometimes we had rather rough play, for they would frequently bite and kick as well as gallop.
One day, when there was a good deal of kicking, my mother whinnied (轻声嘶鸣) to me to come to her, and then she said，“I wish you to pay attention to what I am going to say to you. The colts who live here are very good colts, but they are cart (运货马车) horse colts, and of course they have not learned manners . You have been well-bred (有教养的) and well-born; your father has a great name in these parts, and your grandfather won the cup two years at the Newmarket races; your grandmother had the sweetest temper of any horse I ever knew, and I think you have never seen me kick or bite. I hope you will grow up gentle and good, and never learn bad ways; do your work with a good will ， lift your feet up well when you trot (小跑), and never bite or kick even in play.”
I have never forgotten my mother's advice; I knew she was a wise old horse, and our master thought a great deal of her. Her name was Duchess (女公爵), but he often called her Pet.
Our master was a good, kind man. He gave us good food, good lodging (住处), and kind words; he spoke as kindly to us as he did to his little children. We were all fond of him, and my mother loved him very much. When she saw him at the gate she would neigh (嘶叫) with joy, and trot up to him. He would pat and stroke her and say, “Well, old Pet, and how is your little Darkie？” I was a dull black, so he called me Darkie; then he would give me a piece of bread, which was very good, and sometimes he brought a carrot for my mother. All the horses would come to him, but I think we were his favorites. My mother always took him to the town on a market day in a light gig (轻便两轮马车).
There was a plowboy (耕童), Dick, who sometimes came into our field to pluck blackberries from the hedge. When he had eaten all he wanted, he would have what he called fun with the colts, throwing stones and sticks at them to make them gallop. We did not much mind him, for we could gallop off; but sometimes a stone would hit and hurt us.
One day he was at this game, and did not know that the master was in the next field; but he was there, watching what was going on; over the hedge he jumped in a snap ， and catching Dick by the arm, he gave him such a box on the ear as made him roar with the pain and surprise. As soon as we saw the master, we trotted up nearer to see what went on.
“Bad boy！” he said, “Bad boy! To chase the colts. This is not the first time, nor the second, but it shall be the last. There—take your money and go home; I shall not want you on my farm again.” So we never saw Dick any more. Old Daniel, the man who looked after the horses, was just as gentle as our master, so we were well-off .
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①此处为that引导定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。
②lean over 斜在……上方
③此处为which引导非限制性定语从句。
④此处为介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
⑤bank [熟词生义] n. 河岸
⑥此处为while引导时间状语从句。
⑦live upon sth.以某物为生
⑧此处为as引导原因状语从句。
⑨used to do过去常常做
⑩此处为as soon as引导时间状语从句。
as...as... 和……一样……
grown-up adj. 成年的
rough adj.粗暴的
frequently adv. 频繁地
a good deal of 大量的
pay attention to 注意
此处为what引导宾语从句。
此处为who引导定语从句，who在从句中作主语。
manner n. 礼仪
name [熟词生义] n. 名誉
temper n. 脾气
a good will 善意
be fond of 喜爱
stroke v. 轻抚(动物的毛皮)
pluck v. 摘
此处为what引导宾语从句。
此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
for表示原因。
in a snap 立刻；马上
give sb. a box on the ear 打某人一耳光
roar v. 叫喊
chase v. 追赶
well-off adj. 境况良好的Period 2　Grammar and usage
现在完成进行时
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(1)(教材P34)Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs has really changed my life.
近年来，科学家们在机器人技术方面取得了很大的进步，他们在机械肢体方面的工作确实改变了我的生活。
(2)(教材P34)Over the past three months I have been testing out the limits of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me.
在过去的三个月里，我一直在测试我用这只新手所能做的极限，它不断地给我带来惊喜。
(3)(教材P34)For example, I have been cooking for my family again since I got my new hand.
例如，自从有了新手，我又开始为家人做饭了。
(4)(外研选必一U6)The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.
火车从西宁出发，全程都在平稳快速地前进。
(5)Just half a dozen holiday-makers have reached orbit since then, for similarly astronomical price tags.
从那之后，只有六名度假者进入了太空轨道，价格也同样是天文数字。
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1．现在完成进行时的构成：have/has＋been＋现在分词
2．现在完成进行时的用法：
(1)表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作。该动作可能刚刚停止，也可能继续下去。常与all this time、this week、this month、all night、all morning、recently等状语以及“since＋时间点”或“for＋时间段”等时间状语连用。
(2)表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。这时完成进行时通常和“for＋时间段”、“since＋时间点”、all morning、all day等表示一段时间的状语连用，强调这一时间活动在持续。
(3)表示动作刚刚结束，该动作一般不再继续，有时会指出结果。
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现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
区别 例句
现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性；现在完成时强调的是某个刚刚完成的动作或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 *I have been reading the book since last week. 自从上周以来，我一直在读这本书。(表示现在还在读)*I have read this book before.我以前读过这本书。(表示动作已经完成)
现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性；现在完成时一般不表示动作的反复性 *Have you been meeting her lately 你最近经常见她吗？(强调动作的重复)*Have you met her lately 你最近见过她吗？(强调结果)
现在完成进行时比较生动，含有感彩；现在完成时只说明一个事实、一种影响或结果，一般表示平铺直叙 *Henry has been doing his work orderly. 亨利一直有条不紊地工作。(含有表扬的意味)*Henry has done his work orderly.　亨利有条不紊地完成了他的工作。(描述事实)
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·浙江卷1月) Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping(help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
3．Tom has been talking(talk) about his wonderful experience during the holiday all night.
4．(2023·全国甲卷)Fourth decade as a writer. Hmm, let me get my calculator out. Well, I guess I have been writing(write) novels since the 1980s.
5．I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made(make) over the years.
6．—I am sorry I have kept(keep) you waiting so long.
　—It is all right. I have been reading(read) the newspapers.
7．My sister has been learning(learn) French since she was a child. She speaks French fluently now.
8．—What bad weather! I am sick of it here.
　—So am I．It has been raining(rain) since last Friday. Wish we could see the sun tomorrow.
9．Amy has been thinking(think) about finding a new job for a whole year, but she hasn't made her final decision yet.
10．The telephone has been ringing(ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn't someone answer it
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．自上周以来学生们一直在准备考试，他们相信自己的努力会有回报。
The students have been preparing for the exam since last week, and they are confident that their hard work will pay off.
2．我们已经等了两个小时，但他还没有出现。
We have been waiting for two hours, but he hasn't turned up.
3．过去几个星期我们一直在做这个实验。我希望下周能完成。
We have been conducting the experiment for the past few weeks. I hope it will be finished next week.
4．李华多年来一直在学习英语，现在他的英语口语很流利了。
Li Hua, who has been studying English for many years, is fluent in spoken English now.
5．自从我们国家建立以来，我们一直都在努力使我们的国家越来越强大。
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
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(2025·宣城二中高二期末)At a hotel, surrounded by teammates, he got the email. “Dear Spencer Heslop，” it read, “you have been invited to participate in the Selection Camp for the U.S. Men's National Team for 2022.”
The graduate from University of Michigan School of Public Health, dreamed of the opportunity to play for the United States since he was seven years old. After he developed a disease that often results in damage to the spinal cord (脊髓) and nerves, Heslop's parents pushed him to try wheelchair basketball.
By high school, Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite. While he was never the biggest or strongest player, Heslop had a feel for the game and a desire to take it further. Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.
“As I applied to graduate school, I knew I would play wherever I was planning to go，” Heslop said. “University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice.” University of Michigan Adaptive Sports and Fitness was formed in 2018 to address the inequitable access to physical activity opportunities, competitive and recreational, for students with disabilities at University of Michigan.
Since Heslop joined the program in 2020, University of Michigan's wheelchair basketball team became part of the NWBA's DivisionⅡ. After leading the team to an 8th－place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the U．S. Men's National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation top athletes and made the final twelve－man roster. This gave the graduated young man a better shot at his ultimate goal：playing for his country in the Paralympic Games.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了斯宾塞·赫斯洛普在患上一种经常导致脊髓和神经损伤的疾病后，开始打轮椅篮球并取得一系列成就的故事。
1．What helped Heslop develop his passion for adaptive sports
A．The unexpected disease at seven.
B．The email he received at a hotel.
C．The University of Michigan he dreamed of.
D．The experience in a wheelchair basketball team.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，轮椅篮球队的经历让赫斯洛普对适应性运动产生了热情。
2．Why did Heslop choose University of Michigan
A．He accepted a large sum of scholarship.
B．He could join his favorite sports program.
C．He was promised a chance to play for the country.
D．He was invited to set up Adaptive Sports and Fitness.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“University of Michigan was near the top of...helped me make my choice.”可知，赫斯洛普选择密歇根大学是因为他可以参加他最喜欢的体育项目。
3．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph
A．Heslop's achievements.
B．Heslop's disease.
C．Heslop's superior leadership.
D．Heslop's bright future.
A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段介绍了赫斯洛普所取得的成就。
4．Which of the following can best describe Heslop
A．Generous.　 B．Reliable.
C．Creative. D．Determined.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Faced with many challenges...that made him more explosive.”可知，赫斯洛普是有决心的。
B
It's not easy to grow up.Growing up can be a real “pain” for some of us.Sometimes we feel trapped, sometimes we feel sad, sometimes we are fearful, and sometimes we just don't understand why we can't stay young forever.
Throughout our lives we are going to face many challenges and pains, but we should never let these obstacles keep us from following our dreams.Take a look back on all the hardships in life with a positive attitude and we should realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains!
As a young girl, my parents forced me to do so many things that I didn't like.They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano.At that time I hated music and I also hated them.But looking back now, I am so glad that my parents made me take music lessons.Music has enriched my life in so many ways.I now realize that my parents and teachers wanted me to have a better life than they did themselves.
We are all going to experience growing pains, but they are just part of our life.They might seem so huge at the time, but we must be strong.Think about how we would feel if we had no challenges and lived a life like that.Life would be really boring and meaningless.The future is ours! A little hard work and sweat never hurt anyone! These pains are just small bumps (凸块) on our road to success, and our growing pains are actually growing gains!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们在成长的过程中会遇到各种困难和挫折，而这些苦难都会成为人生的宝贵财富。
5．What does the underlined word “obstacles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Things that are related to your studies.
B．Things that you can easily achieve.
C．Things that make you happy.
D．Things that make it difficult for you to do something.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据上文中的“Throughout our lives...many challenges and pains”可知，此处表示我们绝不会让这些挑战和痛苦阻碍我们追寻梦想的脚步。画线词意为“障碍”，即让你做某事变得困难的东西。
6．How does the author now feel about what her parents did
A．She is fearful. B．She is grateful.
C．She feels trapped. D．She feels hateful.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But looking back now, I am so glad that...in so many ways.”可知，对于父母迫使她学音乐这件事，作者现在回想起来，心里充满了感激。
7．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．Life without challenges is dull.
B．Life needs no pains but sunshine and happiness.
C．We shouldn't put in any hard work or sweat in growing up.
D．We should give up facing challenges as the future is ours.
A　解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Think about how we would feel...boring and meaningless.”可知，作者认为没有挑战的生活是非常无聊和没有意义的。
8．What does the author want to tell us
A．Life is full of hardships.
B．Everyone feels pain when growing up.
C．Growing pains can turn into growing gains.
D．Everyone should do what they don't like when young.
C　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“we should realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains”和最后一段中的“our growing pains are actually growing gains”可知，本文围绕成长这一话题展开，作者用自己的亲身经历表明要积极面对成长中的苦难，并将这些苦难转换成人生的成长收获。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，在某国际论坛上看到一个英文帖子“Suppose you are 50 years old, what advice would you give to the present self？”，请你结合“健康生活习惯”、“志存高远”等话题用英文回复该帖子。内容包括：
1.提供建议；
2.阐述理由；
3.表达期待。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
What Advice Would You Give to the Present Self
Hello, younger me！___________________________________
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From 50-year-old Li Hua
One possible version：
What Advice Would You Give to the Present Self
Hello, younger me! My advice to you is to dream bigger and study harder.
As a teenager burdened with endless work, you may think little about what you can do in the future. An ideal goal-setting is of great importance, for a person without a goal is like a machine without a motor. With that big dream in mind, you'll find yourself absorbed in study, which seems to be exceptionally interesting and charming. When confronted with unsatisfying marks, just have faith in yourself and study even harder and you will definitely be the best of whatever you are.
Younger me, dream bigger and you are bound to fly higher!
From 50-year-old Li Hua
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometimes, I had dirt under my fingernails. Mom said that was OK, as long as I washed hard before dinner. She understood because she was a gardener like me except she said little vegetables tasted best. I might be small, but I liked veggies BIG.
Mom grew carrots the size of my little finger. I grew carrots as long as my arm. Mom grew tomatoes that looked like beans, so sweet and tiny. We put them in our mouths by the handful. I grew tomatoes so big that one piece covered a whole pizza.
Last summer, Mom was growing tiny pumpkins (南瓜). I was growing the biggest pumpkin ever. I was trying to win at the harvest fair (丰收集市).
I chose the best place, right by where Mom grew her zucchini (密生西葫芦). I planted the pumpkin seed (种子) and I watered it. When the baby plant came up, I fed and protected it carefully. And it grew. The first flower opened and the next day, a baby pumpkin grew at the bottom of the flower.
Over the next few weeks, the little pumpkin got bigger. I carefully took off each new flower after it opened so that the plant would grow only one big pumpkin, instead of many little ones. It needed all of its power to make the biggest pumpkin ever.
When summer got hot, I gave my pumpkin more water and love. To avoid the zucchini plants being sad, I gave the zucchini water, too.
My pumpkin became orange as it became ready. And still it grew. It's the biggest pumpkin ever. Bright as the late summer sun. Round as a planet, so my friend Kam called it Planet Pumpkin. The harvest fair was the next day, and Planet Pumpkin was going to win. Mom cut my pumpkin from the vine (藤蔓) so I could place it in my truck, but it's too big to lift by myself. Mom helped. So did Kam.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
After much hard work, we almost got the pumpkin in the truck.____________________________________________________
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The next day at the harvest fair, Mom, Kam, and I won sixth prize in the zucchini competition._______________________________________
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One possible version：
After much hard work, we almost got the pumpkin in the truck. But it hit the truck. It fell and made a mess on the ground. We were left feeling discouraged. But then I caught sight of something huge and dark green hiding under the leaves where Mom had grown her baby zucchini. It's a big zucchini! It suddenly occurred to me that since the pumpkin was already bad, why not enter the zucchini competition I shared my idea with Mom and Kam, and they could not agree more.
The next day at the harvest fair, Mom, Kam, and I won sixth prize in the zucchini competition. As we returned home, excitement hung in the air. We came together in the kitchen and celebrated with pumpkin cakes and toasted seeds. We did not throw all the seeds away. I saved the fattest one to plant because next summer, I was going to grow an even bigger pumpkin. With hearts full of happiness, we look forward to the future and the possibilities that lie ahead in our garden.INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\读后续写1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\读后续写1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
印度小男孩赢得寄宿家庭的心
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自然场景往往指的是故事发生的时间、地点、环境、气候及景物。在读后续写中，自然场景描写最主要的功能是描绘出人物活动或故事发生的背景、反应人物心情、烘托气氛并推动故事情节的发展。自然场景描写通常包括美好的自然场景描写及恶劣的自然场景描写。
1．“美好的自然场景”描写
(1)阳光、蓝天、白云
*The sky was cloudless. The sunshine was bright.　天空万里无云，阳光明媚。
*When I drew the curtains back, the warm sunlight flooded in.
当我拉开窗帘时，温暖的阳光照了进来。
*When I was bathed in the sunlight, it felt like the amber-like sunshine was kissing every inch of my skin.　沐浴在阳光下，我感觉琥珀般的阳光亲吻着我的每一寸肌肤。
*I was immediately impressed by the blue sky with thick silver lining clouds drifting around.
镶着银边的云朵漂浮在碧空中，我立刻被此景所打动。
(2)花、鸟、草、风
*There are many kinds of flowers blooming in the corner of the park, even in autumn. I smell the fresh scent with cool breeze. How sweet!
即使是在秋天，公园的角落里也开着各种各样的花。我闻到随着凉爽的微风而来的清新香气。多么美好啊！
*Surrounded by nature's orchestra, you could almost taste the fresh air, filled with the sweet scent of blossoming flowers, and hear the sound of chirping birds echoing through the air.　置身于大自然的交响乐中，你几乎能感受到充满盛开花朵的甜蜜香气，并能听到在空中回荡的鸟儿鸣叫的声音。
*The grass/grassland flowed like a sea of green over the hill, dotted with the purple flowers.　草地像一片绿色的海洋在山上流淌，点缀着紫色的花朵。
*The wind, soft and cold, danced through tree branches and stirred the bushes that sprinkled the slope.
柔和而凉爽的风在树枝间翩翩起舞，吹动着散布在山坡上的灌木丛。
(3)山水风景
*As the small boat moved gently along the river, he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
小船缓缓地沿着江面移动，群山静静地倒映在水中，他激动得说不出话来。
*He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.
他经过了乳白色的瀑布和深浅不一的蓝色山脉。
*When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
当他看到河里升起的薄雾和山顶周围的柔软的白云时，他流下了眼泪。
*From where he stood, he could see different shades of green.
从他站的地方，他可以看到深浅不一的绿色。
2. “恶劣的自然场景”描写
(1)风、雨
*It was actually very calm，but she could see that the wind was picking up.The branches of the trees were swinging and the garbage bin had tipped over.　看似很平静，但她看得出来风越来越大。树枝在摇摆，垃圾桶也倒了。
*Something dreadful had happened. The wind was shaking the house, rattling the windows, banging a piece of iron on the roof and making her bed tremble.
可怕的一幕发生了。风把房子吹得摇摇晃晃的，震得窗户咯咯作响，一块铁在屋顶上砰砰作响，她的床也在颤抖。
*The frosty air blew in, cutting like knife.
冷风吹来，像刀割一样。
*The frigid gusts of wind stung their faces.
一阵阵寒风刺痛着他们的脸颊。
*On that dark and stormy night, the waves were crashing and the winds were howling.
在那个漆黑的暴风雨之夜，海浪狂卷，大风呼啸。
*Rain started to come down hard，making it almost impossible to see the trees in her front yard through the window.　雨下得很大，透过窗户，她几乎看不到前院里的树。
*It seemed that it would rain forever. The water would rise inch by inch, covering the grass, trees and even houses.
雨好像不会停了。河水会一寸一寸地上涨，淹没草地、树木甚至房屋。
*The most violent storm appeared to approach rapidly.　最猛烈的暴风雨似乎很快就要来了。
*The rain came pouring down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆而下，溪流涌起，狂风吹着房子。
(2)云、雪
*Over the valley，the grey clouds marched in from the ocean. They piled in together and settled low over the west.
在山谷上空，从海洋方向飘来灰色的云。它们慢慢累积，低低地挂在西边的天空。
*The sky is overcast, darkened with gloomy clouds.　乌云密布，黑云压顶。
*The sky was overcast, and the whole world seemed to be enveloped in a huge gray quilt.
天空乌云密布，整个世界仿佛被一条巨大的灰色被子包裹着。
*Clouds gathered, driven by the rising wind.
风越来越大，云聚集在一起。
*Dark clouds were indeed forming. And they seemed to be moving quickly across the sky.
乌云正在积聚，它们似乎正在天空中快速移动。
*It was snowing and cold. Nobody would be coming past. There was no phone signal.
雪一直下，天气非常冷。没有人会经过。也没有电话信号。
*Towards noon，there had come the snow, driven along the street by the northwest wind, and whitening the roofs and sidewalks.
快到中午的时候，已经下起了雪，被西北风吹得沿着街道飘来，把屋顶和人行道都染白了。
*It was a heavy snowfall, in great flakes and it lay, thick.　大雪纷飞，堆积在地上，厚厚的一层。
(3)洪水
*A swollen river had flooded the road.
河水涨起来了，淹没了道路。
*Half way across the road，the rushing water grabbed hold of his vehicle, sweeping it off the road.　刚走过一半，湍急的水流就困住了他的车，并把他的车冲出了路面。
*With the water rising quickly, he was shaken with fear.　水涨得很快，他吓得浑身发抖。
(4)冷、热
*I couldn't feel my hands or my toes from the cold.　我的手和脚趾都冻得失去了知觉。
*It had been a bitterly cold day, and a cutting wind had blown for some time.
那是一个非常冷的日子，刺骨的风不停地吹。
*The air that has been hot all day becomes heavy. It hangs over the trees, presses the heads of the flowers to the ground, and sits on my shoulders.
天气闷热，感觉沉甸甸地挂在树上，花也抬不起来头，压在我的肩膀上。
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]When Devon's sister, Lil, went off to college, Devon's stomach felt all twisty. Then Mom said that Kapil, a high-school student from India, would be staying in their house and living in Lil's room, for they were the host family. The piece of news made Devon's stomach feel worse, as he missed his sister so much. “What if I can't understand him？” Devon asked. “He speaks English well，” Mom said.
[2]On Kapil's first day, he exchanged some small talk with Devon before disappearing into his new room. Lil's room, Devon reminded himself. As days went on, Kapil started spending more time in the rest of the house. He was in the kitchen a lot, whose cooking always filled the air with steam and spice that made Devon's eyes water. “Smells wonderful！” Mom exclaimed. When Lil called a few days later, Devon told her about Kapil's cooking. “Lucky! I love Indian food！” Lil said. “But it seems too spicy for me，” replied Devon.
[3] One day, Mom had to work late. “Kapil will stay with you until I get home，” she explained. Devon's stomach twisted. Lil had always stayed with him when Mom had to work late.
[4]When Devon got home from school, Kapil greeted him at the door. “Would you like a snack？” Kapil asked. Devon shrugged. Lil and he used to cook together after school, which they called “making messes”. Kapil opened the refrigerator. “How about a yogurt？” “I had one at breakfast，” responded Devon in a cold voice. Kapil opened a cupboard and smiled. “Wait here.” He returned with a package. “I'll cook an Indian snack，” he announced. Kapil pulled out the thin small cracker (饼干), poured oil into a pan and fried the cracker. Then the kitchen was filled with spicy smells. After a while, Kapil handed Devon a plate with the sizzling pancake on it. “Papadum (印度薄饼)，” he said. “Made from bean flour.”
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Devon's stomach twisted again._____________ _____________
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Looking at the empty plate, Devon said to Kapil, “Let's make messes！”____________________________________________________
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【When & Where】
[1]Then Mom said that Kapil, a high-school student from India, would be staying in their house and living in Lil's room, for they were the host family.
[2]On Kapil's first day, he exchanged some small talk with Devon before disappearing into his new room.
[3] One day, Mom had to work late．
[4]When Devon got home from school, Kapil greeted him at the door.
【Who】
Devon, Lil(Devon's sister)，Kapil(a high-school student from India)
【What & Why】
[1]“What if I can't understand him？” Devon asked. “He speaks English well，” Mom said.
[2]When Lil called a few days later, Devon told her about Kapil's cooking. “Lucky! I love Indian food！” Lil said. “But it seems too spicy for me，” replied Devon.
[4]“I'll cook an Indian snack，” he announced. Kapil pulled out the thin small cracker, poured oil into a pan and fried the cracker.
[4]After a while, Kapil handed Devon a plate with the sizzling pancake on it. “Papadum，” he said. “Made from bean flour.”
【How】
[1]When Devon's sister, Lil, went off to college, Devon's stomach felt all twisty．
[1]The piece of news made Devon's stomach feel worse, as he missed his sister so much.
[3]Devon's stomach twisted.
[4]“I had one at breakfast，” responded Devon in a cold voice．
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Having Kapil around turned out to be a wonderful and enjoyable time.
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 三构思——QA模式：构思每段三个微情节
根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did Devon do
[Answer] He was hesitant but decided to take a small bite.
[Question 2] How did Devon feel
[Answer] He enjoyed the papadum, which made Kapil happy.
[Question 3] What happened at last？(和第二段段首句衔接)
[Answer] Devon finished the whole plate of papadum.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did Devon do
[Answer] He explained how to make messes.
[Question 2] What did they do and feel then
[Answer] They had a good time cooking together.
[Question 3] What moral would the story express
[Answer] Having Kapil around turns out to be a wonderful and enjoyable time while Lil was away.
INCLUDEPICTURE "箭头LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\箭头LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 四成文——梳理思路，完成正文
特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
Devon's stomach twisted again.___________________________
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Looking at the empty plate, Devon said to Kapil, “Let's make messes！”____________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Devon's stomach twisted again. He stared at the strange-looking papadum, hesitant to take a bite. But Kapil's expectant look encouraged him to take a small bite.(微情节一：德文的心理活动) To his surprise, the flavors burst in his mouth in a pleasant way. It was spicy but also had a unique taste that he never experienced before. Devon couldn't help taking another bite and then another.“Wow, it is amazing！” Devon exclaimed, his eyes lighting up.(微情节二：德文尝试后感到惊喜) Kapil grinned from ear to ear, happy to see Devon enjoying his cooking. Before long, Devon had finished the whole plate of papadum.(微情节三：卡皮尔的反应)
Looking at the empty plate, Devon said to Kapil, “Let's make messes！” Then Devon explained what he and Lil did in the past.(微情节一：德文向卡皮尔发出邀请) Kapil's face instantly lit up with a wide, beaming smile that reached his eyes. Their laughter filled the kitchen as they embarked on a cooking adventure together. They spent the rest of the evening sharing stories and creating a mix of new and exciting snacks.(微情节二：德文和卡皮尔开始厨房冒险) Devon realized that having Kapil around wasn't so bad after all. In fact, it might just turn out to be a wonderful and enjoyable time with him while Lil was away.(微情节三：德文的感悟)
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(2023·全国甲卷完形填空)Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we stayed there, we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us. It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice gesture for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can't be any good, we thought. [But we were thankful for his kindness, so we tried them.]①
[What we discovered is that it's unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.]② Those tomatoes had a taste that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes look perfect but taste of water. Nobody's going to have a happy memory of those. It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones so that they can pack them easily. Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was perfect.
It's good to eat things at the correct time, when they're in season, and as close as possible to where they were grown. [What Mario had given us was the taste of the Garfagnana.]③ INCLUDEPICTURE "手LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\手LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\手LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 　背铺灰语料，积续写基石
[话题]
人与自我——人生感悟——透过表面，感受内在
[内容概要]
多年前作者在加尔法尼亚纳购房，邻居马里奥送来了其貌不扬的西红柿和葡萄酒，味美如儿时，由此感悟到不要以貌取“物”。
[注释]
①心理描写
②作者感悟到不要以貌取“物”
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[核心单词]　specialize　affect 　identifyrelate　　　means　　　ultimately　　　abnormalfundamental pace arise restrictprohibit resistance debate findingripe withdraw equip outgoinggrateful disabled conventional disturbadjust evidence switch examinesevere anxiety abuse phenomenonsubstance symbol widespread infection [重点短语]　prohibit sb. from doing sth. ，wrestle with，put sth. in place，without doubt，date back to[重点句型]　1.make＋it＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.2．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构3．独立主格结构
[单元语法]　现在完成进行时 [写作任务]　寻求保护视力建议的求助信
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[Lifestyles]reasonable adj. 　合理的overcome v. 克服healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式put on weight 体重增加a balanced diet 均衡的饮食lose weight 减肥；体重减轻with little time for leisure 几乎没有空闲时间the start of a new chapter 新篇章的开始be quite stressful 压力很大a happier, more fruitful and satisfying life 更快乐、更充实、更满意的生活develop confidence 培养信心challenges arise 出现挑战take... attitude to/towards...对……采取……态度have time for fun 有时间娱乐live a regular life 规律生活 [Life choices]chat online 　　 在线聊天work overtime 加班pace of life 生活节奏be addicted to 对……上瘾develop competence in a variety of new skills 培养各种新技能的能力make correct decisions 做出正确的决定put a lot of pressure on sb. 给某人带来很大的压力[Healthy habits]maintain adequate sleep 保持睡眠充足do exercise at least 3 times per week 每周至少运动三次bring a bottle of water at any time 随身带瓶水breathe with abdomen 用腹部呼吸sit upright 端坐eat fruits and vegetables 吃水果蔬菜
话题佳句 1. One of the effective means of reducing our pressure is taking exercise including having PE classes.减轻我们压力的有效方法之一是锻炼，包括上体育课。2．Getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol is an important way to keep healthy. 改掉像抽烟、喝酒这样的坏习惯是保持健康的一种重要手段。3．We can't emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。4．Junk food is a fatal killer for our health so that we should stay far away from it.垃圾食品是健康的致命杀手，所以我们应该远离它。
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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What does the text mainly tell us
A．The problems of genome editing.
B．The fast development of genome editing.
C．The new possibilities that gene research can bring.
D．The greatest invention in the history of science.
答案：C
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答案：1.topic　2.function　3.relationship
4．problems　5.inventions
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1．What can genome editing probably do to help people in the future
①Restoring a blind person's vision.
②Giving a deaf person an excellent sense of hearing.
③Correcting abnormal genes.
④Improving a person's communication skills.
A．②③④ B．①③④
C．①②④ D．①②③
2．Which phrase has the similar meaning with the phrase “wrestle with” in paragraph 4
A．Deal with. B．Fight with.
C．Compete with. D．Disagree with.
3．What is people's concern about genome editing
A．It will develop too fast.
B．It might be out of control.
C．It will make people sensitive.
D．It will ruin people's intelligence.
4．What's the speaker's attitude to genome editing
A．Doubtful. B．Worried.
C．Positive. D．Vague.
答案：1～4.DABC
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1．I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today.
[分析]　本句是一个由and连接的并列句。第一个分句中的this scientific advance can bring是省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词possibilities。
[翻译]　我对这一科学进步带来的可能性充满了兴奋，今天我希望能和大家分享我的兴奋。
2．Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. (Para.3)
[分析]　本句是一个复合句，其中第一个which引导宾语从句；as引导原因状语从句。
[翻译]　遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
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Genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths 1.depends(depend) on genes. The complete set of 2.genes(gene) inside a cell or a living being is called a genome. Our own 3.personal(person) genome carries all the information 4.needed(need) to make us grow and develop.
Geneticists have found that changing parts of our genome can prevent us 5.from certain diseases. Genome editing can even change our characteristics, 6.making(make) us grow taller and become more intelligent and 7.healthier (healthy). We will be able to select specific characteristics for children 8.before they are born, creating 9.what some have called “designer babies”．Some people might use this technology to do evil things. So, most of the countries have made laws 10.to prevent(prevent) genome editing from being out of control.
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1．The lecturer mentions that one day we will be able to create “designer babies”. What do you think of “designer babies”？
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2．What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．surgeon n.　　　 A．改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的)
2．physician n. B．寿命，有效期
3．dentist n. C．奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
4．gene n. D．病毒；(计算机程序中
的)病毒
5．game－changing adj. E．恢复，修复；使复原，使复位
6．genome n. F．医师，内科医生
7．lifespan n. G．牙科医生
8．virus n. H．外科医生
9．restore vt. I．基因组，染色体组
10．wrestle vi.& vt. J．基因
答案：1～5.HFGJA　6～10.IBDEC
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．inside a cell or a living being
在一个细胞或一个生物内部
2．affect our chances of contracting certain diseases
影响我们感染某些疾病的概率
3．develop a particular form of cancer
患上一种特殊的癌症
4．an effective means
一种有效方法
5．delete or replace specific parts of the genetic material
删除或替换遗传物质的特定部分
6．a new weapon 一种新武器
7．a fundamental change　 重大变化
8．develop at a fast pace 快速发展
9．questions arise 出现问题
10．select specific characteristics for children
为孩子们选择特定的特征
11．there is still much to be explored and debated
仍有许多有待探索和争论的地方
12．an important finding 一项重要的发现
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．chemist n．药剂师，药商；化学家→chemical adj.化学的 n．化学制品→chemistry n．化学
2．specialize vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻→special adj. 特殊的，特别的→specialist n．专家；专科医生
3．identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→identity n．身份；同一性→identification n．鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明
4．relate vi.& vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj. 相关的；有联系的→relation n．联系
5．abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的→(反义词)normal adj.正常的；精神正常的 n．常态→normally adv.通常；正常情况下
6．restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restricted adj.有限的，受限制的
7．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令
8．resistance n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的
9．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．(北师大选必二U5)She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to(理解并与……产生共鸣) Helen's difficulties.
2．The regulation prohibits people from(禁止) driving motor vehicles in the town centre.
3．Judging from his puzzled expression, I made inferences that he didn't figure out(理解) what I said just now.
4．I hope you put all the books in the library in place (将……放在适当的位置).
5．We have to say bike sharing brings us more convenience without doubt(毫无疑问).
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“as...as...”意为“和……一样……”
Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing(像基因组编辑那样改变游戏规则的).(Para.1)
2．make＋it＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.
Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases(使预防疾病成为可能) from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.(Para.3)
3．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it (如何使用它) appropriately.(Para.4)
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　　specialize vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻
【经典例句】 After medical school, she decided to specialize in pediatrics because she enjoys working with children.
医学院毕业后，她决定去专攻儿科，因为她喜欢和孩子打交道。
(1) specialize in sth.　　 专门研究某事，专攻某事
(2)special adj. 特殊的，特别的；格外看重的；
特设的；专门的
specially adv. 专门地；特意；格外，尤其
specialist n. 专家；专科医生
【单句语法填空】
(1)You know, I specialize in zoology, and I'm a good observer.
(2)But in half the cases she wore a specially(special) designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
(3)Keep doing this, and you can become an expert or a specialist(special) in something one day. 应用文写作之建议信
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　　affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
【经典例句】
①(教材P30)It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.
它(基因组)还包含了其他信息，这些信息有助于决定我们寿命的长短并影响我们患某些疾病的概率。
②(北师大选必一U3)It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants.
很明显，人类活动对地球上所有其他物种都产生了负面影响，包括动物和植物。
(1) be affected by...　` 被……打动；受……的影响
be affected with... 患……疾病
(2)affection n. 喜爱
have an affection for... 喜爱……，深爱……
(3) affecting adj. 感动人的；激起怜悯的；
深深打动人的
affected adj. 假装的；做作的
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)Affected with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
(2)I have a great affection for China so I often go sightseeing there.
(3)All the audience were deeply moved by the affecting (affect) love story.
(4)Many young people were affected by his story. They began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
→Affected by his story, many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled. (过去分词短语作状语)应用文写作之人物介绍
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effect为名词，意为“影响”；短语have an effect on意为“对……有影响”，相当于动词affect。
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　　relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
【经典例句】
①(教材P30)Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
②(北师大选必一U3)Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
某些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。
(1) relate to 涉及，与……相关；
理解并与……产生共鸣
relate...to... 把……和……联系起来
(2)related adj. 相关的；有联系的
be related to 与……有关，与……有联系
(3)relation n. 关系，联系；亲属
in relation to 关于；涉及
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)The research project is closely related(relate) to current environmental issues.
(2)Your statement doesn't relate well to the facts, so most of us are against it.
(3)你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。
→You should write down all the information related to the problem．
→You should write down all the information in relation to the problem．应用文写作之建议信
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　　means n.方法，方式；手段；财富，钱财
【经典例句】
①(人教必修一U5)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.
书面汉语也已成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要手段。
②—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—By all means. He has been honored as the sage of Medicine since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
——你知道关于张仲景的事吗？
——当然知道了。自东汉以来，他一直被尊称为“医圣”。
(1)a means of　　　 一种……的方法/手段
(2)by this means 通过这种方法
by means of 用……办法；借助……
by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以
by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，
句子用部分倒装)
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is nothing like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
(2)Nowadays many people travel across China by means of high-speed trains.
(3)Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution.
→By no means are plastic straws the biggest source of plastic pollution. (倒装句)应用文写作之环境保护
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means、way、method、approach、manner都表示“方法”，但用法、搭配不同：
(做)某事的方法 用这种方法
means of (doing) sth.way to do/of (doing) sth.method of (doing) sth.approach to (doing) sth. by this meansin this waywith this methodin this manner
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　　pace n.速度；进度　vi.& vt.踱步
【经典例句】 She paced nervously in front of the exam hall, trying to calm her mind.
她在考场前紧张地踱步，试图平复心情。
at a/the pace of...　　 以……的速度
keep pace with... 与……步调一致；
与……齐头并进
pace up and down 来回踱步；走来走去
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)To stay competitive, companies must keep pace with changes in the market and adapt their strategies accordingly.
(2)The runner was moving at a pace of six miles per hour, maintaining a steady rhythm and focusing on his energy management.读后续写之动作描写
(3)杰克在房间外面来回踱步，他焦虑不安，不知道下一步该如何是好。
Pacing up and down outside the room，Jack was overcome with anxiety, not knowing what to do next.读后续写之动作描写＋心理描写
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　　arise vi.(arose, arisen)发生，出现；
(由……)引起，(因……)产生
【经典例句】 (人教选必二U4)The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies.
次日清晨，两个女孩早早起床，坐上开往路易斯湖的火车，穿越加拿大的落基山脉。
arise from/out of　由……引起；起因于……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Hearing the news, he boiled with anger, arising (arise) from his chair and rushing out of the room without a word.读后续写之动作描写
(2)父母与子女之间的代沟往往源于不同的价值观和经历。
The generation gap between parents and children often arise from different values and experiences．
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arise作“呈现、出现、发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词，如argument、problem、quarrel、question、movement等。
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　　restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束
【经典例句】
① (教材P31)Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases
我们应该把这项技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病上吗？
②(北师大选必二U5)With these severe restrictions to her communication，Helen's behaviour was often unbearable.
这些严重的障碍限制了海伦的正常交流，也让她的行为常常令人难以忍受。
(1)restrict...to...　 　 把……限制在……
(2)restricted adj. 有限的，受限制的；
受控制的，受约束的
be restricted to 限制在(某范围)
be restricted by... 被……限制
(3) restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束
without restriction 无限制地
【单句语法填空/语段填空/完成语段】
(1)The crop scientists found the varieties of wheat restricted(restrict) not only by the type of soil but also by the climate.
(2)It's crucial that access to the club should be restricted to members only. In the meantime，with a membership card，members can use the club without restriction．(restrict)
(3)要成为聪明的在线学习者，我们应该约束自己。与此同时，我们最好把屏幕时间限制在每次一个小时之内，然后我们可以在室内锻炼。
To be smart online learners, we should restrict ourselves. In the meantime, we'd better restrict screen time to one hour at a time and then we can take exercise indoors.应用文写作之倡议书
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　　prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies
我们应该禁止遗传学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健吗？
②The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles.
包括洛杉矶在内的加利福尼亚州约90个城市禁止使用这种袋子。
(1)prohibit doing sth.　　 禁止做某事
prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
(2)prohibition n. 禁止；阻止；禁令
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Local regulations prohibit smoking(smoke) in public places to protect public health.
(2)The environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition(prohibit) against the hunting of whales.
(3)公司禁止员工在工作时间使用个人手机。
The company prohibits employees from using personal mobile phones during working hours.
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同义词：forbid、ban；反义词：allow、permit。
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　　resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗
【经典例句】
①(教材P31) One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flu, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.
不久的将来，我们将能够利用基因组编辑来增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力，使人长得更高，帮助他们的肌肉更快地发育，使他们所有的感官更加敏锐，或者使他们更聪明。
②(人教选必一U2)Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
然而，我将总是会看到变化的积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。
(1)resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡
resist doing sth. 抵制做某事
resist the temptation 抵制诱惑
(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
(1)It's believed that elderly people are always resistant to change.
(2)This disease can spread quickly as most people don't have a natural resistance(resist) to it.
(3)On seeing the painting with loving words，she couldn't help bursting out crying.
→On seeing the painting with loving words，she couldn't resist bursting out crying．读后续写之情绪描写
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　　put sth. in place 准备就绪；放在适当位置
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.
这意味着适当的管制要准备到位，以确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。
②The museum displayed digital replicas in place of the original paintings that were too fragile to exhibit.
博物馆展出了数字复制品，代替那些因过于脆弱而无法展出的原画。
(1)out of place 不在适当位置；
不合适；感觉不自在
in place of 代替，取代
in the first place 首先，第一点
(2)take place 发生
take one's place 就座；代替
take the place of 代替，取代
【用place的相关短语填空/词汇升级】
(1)Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place．
(2)It is universally believed that computers can't take the place of human beings in the future.
(3)With more effective measures put in place, the disease has been brought under control.
(4)Firstly, with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job.
→In the first place with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job.应用文写作之申请信
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　　debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考
n．讨论，争论；辩论
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.
在基因组编辑这一课题上仍有许多有待探索和争论的地方。
②Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
最近，一个就两家不同超市的相同商品所进行的一次价格比较的调查，引起了市民的热烈讨论。
(1)debate with sb. about/over/on...
　　 就……与某人辩论
(2) hold/have a debate about/over/on...
举行关于……的讨论
under debate 在讨论中，在辩论中
beyond/without debate 无可争议
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)It is a fact beyond/without debate that the employment pressure of graduates is heavy.
(2)He debated with his father about/over/on the question yesterday.
(3) 据我所知，该计划正在讨论中，尚未通过。
→As far as I know, the plan is being debated and hasn't been passed yet.
→As far as I know, the plan is under debate and hasn't been passed yet.
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　　without doubt 毫无疑问，的确
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. 　毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的发明之一。
②(外研选必二U1)Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point, but I currently don't have a steady income, so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have！　当然，我想在金钱方面拥有更多的自由，毫无疑问，我会在将来的某个时候办一张信用卡，但我目前没有稳定的收入，所以办一张信用卡可能会引诱我花更多的钱！
(1)beyond doubt 　毫无疑问
no doubt 毫无疑问；无疑
地；很可能地
(2)There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... 是否……尚有疑问。
(3)doubt＋that从句(用于否定句或疑问句中)
doubt＋whether/if从句(用于肯定句中)
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)To be honest, I doubt whether/if I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
(2)There is still some doubt whether the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school, but there is no doubt that it will be held soon after our National Day holiday.
(3)Sally is no doubt(毫无疑问) one of the best saleswomen in her firm, with her exceptional communication skills and dedication to her work.
(4)毫无疑问，这次活动不仅使我们掌握了一些实用的技能，而且增强了我们的安全意识。
There is no doubt that the activity not only equipped us with some practical skills but also raised our awareness of safety.应用文写作之活动介绍
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　　make＋it＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.
【经典例句】
①(教材P31) Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.
最终，这项新技术甚至使通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病发展成为可能。
②(人教选必一U2)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互联网使朋友和家人能够轻易地保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。
“make＋it＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.”中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式。
(1)真正的宾语的三种形式
(2)用于该句型的动词还有：think、consider、find、feel等。
【完成句子/句型转换】
(1)老师强调学生如果不明白应该随时提问的重要性。
The teacher made it important that students should always ask questions if they don't understand.
(2)他不感兴趣，继续谈话是没有意义的，因此我换了一个更有趣的话题。
His lack of interest makes it no use continuing the conversation, which is why I changed the topic to something more interesting.
(3)She found that it was hard to adapt herself to the life in a foreign country.
→She found it hard to adapt herself to the life in a foreign country.(it作形式宾语)
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　　“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
【经典例句】
①(教材P31)As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
②(外研选必一U6)How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
如何保护(这里)脆弱的生态系统是最重要的事情之一。
教材原句中“how to use it”为“特殊疑问词＋to do”结构，在句中作宾语。
(1)常见的特殊疑问词：疑问代词who、what(无选择范围)、which(有选择范围)等和疑问副词how、when、where等；
(2)语法功能：在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；
(3)该结构中动词不定式常用主动形式。
【单句语法填空/完成语段】
(1)At first, I didn't know what to expect from the trip or how much time I might spend on it. But after some planning, I have a better sense of how long the trip will be.
(2)Here are some tips on how to meet(meet) people and make friends at a new school and I hope they will help you feel more comfortable in your new environment. 应用文写作之建议信
(3)我真的不知道该不该接受她的邀请。这对我来说是个艰难的决定，所以我想请你给我一些建议，告诉我该怎么做。
I really have no idea whether to accept her invitation or not. It's a difficult decision for me to make, so I want you to give me some advice on what to do. 应用文写作之求助信
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Gathering up all his courage, he finally calmed down, arose(起身) again and walked onto the stage slowly and firmly.
2．Fresh air is fundamental (基础的) to good health, so we should make every effort to improve air quality.
3．The research team is working on developing new cancer(癌症) treatment.
4．We are prohibited (禁止) from smoking on school grounds according to the rules.
5．When you are shopping, it's important to resist(抵制) the temptation of buying items you don't really need.
6．We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint ” by restricting(限制) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
7．TV serves as not only entertainment but also a kind of education, so absurd plots should be deleted(删除).
8．They debated(辩论) with each other on the environmental protection yesterday.
9．The warming of the Earth and the consequent climatic changes affect(影响) us all.
10．There is no doubt that social media platform is an important means (方式) of communication.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．Plants in desert regions have evolved to be resistant to(抵抗) extreme heat and drought.
2．The problem is by no means(决不) as simple as we first thought.
3．It's important for a company to keep pace with(跟上……的步伐) changes in the market.
4．Accidents often arise from(由……引起) carelessness, so you can't be careful enough while driving.
5．Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is under debate(正在争论中).
6．With great achievement, Shakespeare is no doubt(毫无疑问) one of the greatest dramatists in the history of English literature.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
A healthy lifestyle is essential for a fulfilling life. Exercising regularly 1.is as important as eating a balanced diet(和均衡饮食同样重要；as...as...). This combination not only keeps our bodies fit but also boosts our mental well－being. 2.Making it a habit to exercise daily (让每天锻炼成为一个习惯；make＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.) can significantly improve our overall health. Moreover, it is advisable to learn 3.how to manage stress effectively (如何有效地管理压力；“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构). Questioning ourselves on 4.how to reduce stress (如何减轻压力；“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构)can lead us to discover relaxation techniques that work best for us. Only by adopting these healthy habits can we enjoy a happier and healthier life.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Health problems arising(arise) from poor diet and lack of exercise are becoming increasingly common.
2．Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize(special) in helping the weary traveler.
3．The children are anxiously waiting for the apples to ripen (ripe).
4．There is no restriction(restrict) on the number of people, so you can come to attend the meeting if you like.
5．The system forces air out of the tubes to reduce pressure and lower the resistance(resist) for the vehicles.
6．(2022·浙江卷6月)High conscientiousness is related (relate) to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn't pay to be a perfectionist.
7．For a decade he has been absorbed in studying healthy lifestyle, which ultimately (ultimate) made him an expert in his field.
8．Their expressions suggested they had affection (affect) for Chinese tea culture.
9．But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings (find) parents might regard as good news.
10．The prohibition(prohibit) against whale hunting has been in effect for years.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part-time jobs.
2．I think an expression of thanks to our host would be in place.
3．At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters arising from his class.
4．The manager was strongly resistant to my proposal at first but she finally gave in and accepted it.
5．Students study at their own pace and the teachers seldom set tests.
6．I always doubted whether/if he would be the best man for the project, but now I don't doubt that he can do it.
7．It was beyond/without debate that the climate has changed markedly over the last century.
8．The reports are restricted to descriptions and give no opinions about the facts.
9．The new regulation prohibits smoking(smoke) in places like restaurants, hotels, railway stations and theatres.
维度三　完成句子
1．生活不在于如何度过风雨，而在于如何在风雨中翩翩起舞。(特殊疑问词＋to do)
Life isn't about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the storm.
2．(2022·浙江卷6月满分作文)为了在自习室营造更整洁的环境，禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。
To create cleaner surroundings in the self-study room, everyone is prohibited from littering everywhere．
3．气候变化引发的诸多挑战需要全球合作来应对。
Many of the challenges arising from climate change require global cooperation to address.
4．毫无疑问，他们在这件事上同意你的观点。
There is no doubt that they agree with you on this matter.
5．我们瞬息万变的工作环境使我们有必要跟上并发展新技能。[make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do sth.]
Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills．
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必三U2】
As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.
To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made.We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again.Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.
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According to modern psychology，we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which works like this：
·Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something.
·Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.
·Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward).The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．Teenagers are becoming more independent.
B．Good habits are easy to form during adolescence.
C．Bad habits can lead to serious problems as adults.
D．Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions.
C　解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，本段介绍了青少年在成长过程中形成的坏习惯，在成年后可能会引发更严重的问题。
2．What does the saying “We are what we repeatedly do.” suggest in the second paragraph
A．Habits are easily formed through repetition.
B．People should always do what they enjoy.
C．Repetition is the key to success.
D．We should avoid repeating mistakes.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again.”可知，我们的习惯是通过重复形成的。
3．According to the article, what is the “cue” in the habit cycle
A．A choice we make to do something.
B．A signal to perform a particular action.
C．The feeling we get from an action.
D．The reward we receive for doing something.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“there is a ‘cue’．..do something”可知，“cue”是一个动作、事件或情境，作为做某事的信号。
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
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(2025·浙江六校联盟期中联考)Tu Youyou is a Chinese medical scientist, pharmaceutical (制药的) chemist, and educator best known for discovering artemisinin, also known as qinghaosu. The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria are regarded as a significant breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century and health improvement for people of tropical developing countries in South Asia, Africa, and South America.
For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.The Nobel Committee puts Tu's work well by writing: “Malaria infects close to 200 million individuals yearly.Artemisinin is used in all malaria-ridden parts of the world.When used in combination treatment, it is estimated to reduce the death rate from malaria by more than 20% overall and by more than 30% in children.For Africa alone, this means that more than 100，000 lives are saved each year.”
In China, Tu is known as a “sanwu” scientist.Tu has spent no time studying abroad, no membership with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and no doctoral degree.The Xinhua News Agency has commented on the significance of Tu's achievement, “Not only is Tu the first Chinese Nobel laureate (获奖者) in natural science, but she is also the first Nobel laureate who received all scientific training in China.The award she won made Chinese scientists gain tremendous confidence.”
As part of the programme charged with finding a treatment for malaria, Tu was inspired by an ancient Chinese text which said qinghao was used to tackle intermittent fevers (间歇热) around 400 AD．In the herb Tu discovered a compound, now known as artemisinin, which proved an effective treatment for the infection.Tu herself volunteered to be the first human recipient.
An article Tu Youyou published in Nature in 2011 ended up with an insightful sentence.“It is my dream that Chinese medicine will help us conquer life-threatening diseases worldwide, and people across the globe will enjoy its benefits for health promotion，” Tu wrote.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦发现青蒿素的过程，以及她的成就和贡献。
1．According to the passage, what can we learn about Tu Youyou
A．She is best known as an educator.
B．She received Lasker Award before Noble Prize.
C．She received some scientific training abroad.
D．She was forced to be the first recipient of the medicine.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，屠呦呦先获得拉斯克临床医学奖，后获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
2．What's the second paragraph mainly about
A．The importance of the Nobel Prize.
B．The malaria's effects on human health.
C．The achievements made by Tu Youyou.
D．The people's suffering from infective diseases.
C　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“For her work...2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”及“For Africa alone, this means that more than 100，000 lives are saved each year.”可推知，本段主要介绍了屠呦呦取得的成就。
3．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 4
A．End with. B．Fight with.
C．Mix with. D．Deal with.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，屠呦呦受到了一部中国古代文献的启发，该文献称青蒿在公元 400 年左右被用于治疗间歇热。由此可推知，屠呦呦的研究是为了寻找治疗疟疾的方法。因此，画线词“tackle”意为“处理、解决”。
4．What do the words Tu Youyou wrote in Nature show
A．Her passion for Chinese medicine.
B．Her doubt about Chinese medicine.
C．Her dream of getting prizes from Nature.
D．Her hesitation in doing medical research.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，屠呦呦对中医充满了热情。
B
Standing on the shore of a lake, I can't help but marvel at the tens or hundreds of thousands of small rocks that surround my boots.They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time.
And I wonder, can we learn from a pile of rocks
Even the tallest mountains have worn down; none are as tall as they were 1，000 years ago.And much like a rock, I've found my attitude has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun.
Once I was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges.Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and more understanding.I'm less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can exist together.
But I'm not a rock.I'm a human-being filled with all the drama built into my DNA．
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask a guy to leave for not falling in line with the rules.Not forceful and not rude.On the door read a sign: “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant.We don't like it either, but let's all do what we can.” But the guy tried to argue about the note.
I sat watching, understanding both sides.I've been this guy before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world.What I lost, however, was the ability to grow by looking through others' eyes, and thus the possibility of finding content and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges.The former look for ways to adjust and make room for others; the latter never give an inch to accommodate others.Time, like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to seeing the world from another point of view.
I placed a rounded stone into my pocket.Mother Nature is holding class again.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章叙述并议论了人如同岩石一般不断磨平棱角，学会理解体谅他人的过程。
5．What does the author compare the rocks to
A．People with varied personalities.
B．DNA unique to each person.
C．Challenges that we come across.
D．Our abilities that grow with time.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And much like a rock...with each trip around the sun.”可知，作者把岩石比喻成有着各种性格的人。
6．What was the author's attitude towards the world when he was young
A．Respectful.
B．Aggressive.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Tolerant.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Once I was a sharp rock covered in pointy edges.”和第七段中的“using my youthful edges to chip away at the world”可推知，作者年轻时是有棱有角的性格，态度比较激进好斗。
7．What caused the argument in the restaurant
A．Lack of clarity in the sign.
B．The owner's inappropriate attitude.
C．Demanding restaurant requests.
D．The guy's failing to obey the rules.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知，这次餐馆的争吵原因是这个人未能遵守规则。
8．What does the author try to convey through this passage
A．We should adjust ourselves to new conditions.
B．Be brave when in the face of difficulties in life.
C．It's necessary to obey the rules in public spaces.
D．Being open and understanding brings satisfaction.
D　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者想传达的应是“开放和理解的态度将使我们获得满意”。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·兖州期中)
The Happiest Diet
Does what you eat affect your mood Could your food have effects on your mental well-being 1.________ Several ingredients and methods account for that.
Fibre and more fibre
We often worry about protein intake but data shows we usually get enough.2.________ It supports gut (肠道) health, feeding good bacteria and contributing to overall well-being.Research even suggests that increasing fibre intake by 5g may lower the risk of depression by 5%.
Fat is good
3．________ “Omega-3 fatty acids, found in oily fish, play a role in the structure and function of cell membranes (细胞膜) in the brain，” the nutritionist Rhiannon Lambert says.“They are involved in the production and signaling of neurotransmitters (神经递质), which are critical for mood regulation.”
And breathe
Your gut is impacted not just by what you eat but by how you eat.Lisa Macfarlane, cofounder of a health company, explains, “4.________Try taking deep breath before you eat—it has proven that digestion happens more effectively when you eat in a relaxed and calm state.”
Join the fast crowd
A recent study by King's College London found that eating within a ten-hour window and therefore fasting for fourteen hours each day, is associated with better mood, better sleep, more energy and less hunger.5.________
A．Add more protein to your regular diet.
B．Need another reason to eat more oily fish
C．Instead, we should focus on our fibre intake.
D．Beans are one of the highest sources of dietary fibre.
E．This is easier than it sounds: it would mean eating between 9 a．m.and 7 p．m.
F．We suggest putting your body in “rest and digest” mode instead of eating on the go.
G．Evidence shows what you eat can promote brain chemicals that influence your mood.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了饮食对情绪和精神健康的影响，并介绍了几种有助于提升情绪的饮食成分和方法。
1．G　解析：上文提出了两个问题，即饮食是否影响情绪以及食物是否影响精神健康。G项直接回答了这两个问题，指出有证据表明饮食可以影响大脑中的化学物质，进而影响情绪，承上启下，符合语境。
2．C　解析：上文指出我们常常担心蛋白质摄入不足。C项与上文构成转折关系，指出我们应该转而关注纤维的摄入量，同时引出下文对纤维的作用的介绍，符合语境。
3．B　解析：下文介绍了油性鱼类中的Omega-3脂肪酸对大脑细胞膜结构和功能的作用，B项引出下文，符合语境。
4．F　解析：下文建议吃饭前尝试深呼吸。F项引出下文，提出吃饭时应该让身体处于休息和消化的状态的建议，符合语境。F项中的“‘rest and digest’ mode”与下文中的“eat in a relaxed and calm state”相照应。
5．E　解析：上文提到研究发现，在十个小时内进食，每天禁食十四个小时更好。E项承接上文，指出这种饮食方式实际上很容易实现，只需要在早上9点到晚上7点之间进食即可，符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025·广东部分重点高中期中)The evening before Father's Day, I couldn't sleep.At first, I thought my insomnia (失眠) was due to the __1__ and excitement about a match.But what kept me __2__ was the realization that this would be the last Father's Day before my kid __3__ college.I was preparing for empty nest life.
In my household, the fridge door is the place holding the sports __4__ and the family calendar (记事本).Also stuck on it are important photos, awards and the __5__ report cards(学年成绩单).The calendar and schedule __6__ so much of my attention, so I never had the time to look __7__ at the photos of his childhood.But I began to examine the memorabilia (收藏品) by taking in the memories.I __8__ the golden memories.
I never played or watched soccer before becoming a parent.In a word, I really __9__ soccer IQ.Yet, I became a soccer coach because soccer became my son's __10__ and I made efforts to __11__ his every game.
Back then I assumed it was my __12__ to take part in my son's activities, but now I understood that I was __13__．After years of supporting, guiding, and loving my son, I finally __14__ that participating in my son's life on any level was not an obligation—it was a privilege (荣幸).Teenagers might not give us something we want or need on Father's Day.That's okay.They have already given us the best possible __15__ allowing us to feel what it's like to be their dad.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在父亲节前一晚的所思所感，特别是对孩子即将离家上大学、自己将面临“空巢”生活的心理准备过程，以及通过回顾孩子的成长历程和参与孩子活动所获得的感悟。
1．A．failure B．expectation
C．anxiety D．misunderstanding
B　解析：根据空后的and excitement可推知，作者以为自己失眠是因为对一场比赛有所期待(expectation)和兴奋。
2．A．awake B．asleep
C．ashamed D．alone
A　解析：根据上文“At first, I thought my insomnia was due to the ______ and excitement about a match.”及语境可知，此处指作者明白自己在父亲节前夜一直醒着的(awake)原因了。
3．A．voted for B．accounted for
C．cared for D．left for
D　解析：根据下文“I was preparing for empty nest life.”可推知，作者的孩子即将离家前往(leave for)大学。
4．A．schedule B．ambition
C．information D．talent
A　解析：根据下文The calendar and schedule可知，作者家的冰箱门上都是运动日程表(schedule)和家庭记事本。
5．A．identical B．confusing
C．strange D．excellent
D　解析：根据上文important photos, awards以及下文“I ______ the golden memories.”可推知，冰箱门上贴着优秀的(excellent)成绩单，所以才会有很多美好的回忆。
6．A．occupied B．sheltered
C．improved D．changed
A　解析：根据下文“so I never had the time to look ____ at the photos of his childhood”可知，这些日程表和记事本占据(occupy)了作者太多的注意力，所以作者没有时间仔细(carefully)看孩子童年的照片。
7．A．differently B．smoothly
C．quickly D．carefully
D　解析：参见上题解析。
8．A．returned B．recalled
C．sold D．shared
B　解析：根据上文“But I began to examine the memorabilia by taking in the memories.”以及空后的the golden memories可推知，作者看着这些纪念品回想起(recall)很多美好的记忆。
9．A．predicted B．lacked
C．pushed D．adjusted
B　解析：根据上文“I never played or watched soccer before becoming a parent.”可知，在成为父亲之前，作者从未踢过或看过足球，所以作者说自己缺乏(lack)足球智商。
10．A．disappointment B．curiosity
C．passion D．imagination
C　解析：根据上文内容以及下文“I made efforts to ______ his every game”可推知，足球是作者儿子的酷爱(passion)，所以作者成为一名足球教练。
11．A．repeat B．select
C．attend D．measure
C　解析：根据下文“Back then I assumed it was my ______ to take part in my son's activities”可知，作者努力参加(attend)儿子的每一场比赛。
12．A．duty B．turn
C．belief D．enjoyment
A　解析：根据下文“After years of supporting...was not an obligation—it was a privilege.”可知，作者本以为参加儿子的活动是自己的责任(duty)。
13．A．confident B．wrong
C．brilliant D．realistic
B　解析：根据下文“After years of supporting...was not an obligation—it was a privilege.”可知，多年后的今天，作者明白了能够参与儿子的生活是一种荣幸，而作者本以为那是自己作为父亲的责任，因此，作者原本的想法是错的(wrong)。
14．A．inquired B．allowed
C．realized D．reminded
C　解析：根据语境可知，这是作者过了这些年之后才意识到(realize)的事。
15．A．patience B．ability
C．present D．plan
C　解析：根据上文“Teenagers might not give us something we want or need on Father's Day.”可知，作者认为青少年或许不会在父亲节送给父亲想要或需要的东西。由此可推知，作者认为成为孩子的父亲就是孩子给予的最好的礼物(present)。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　单句语法填空
1．The girl has a great interest in sport and has been taking(take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
2．Since then I have been reading(read) it every day, which is an excellent window for me to learn what is happening outside.
3．The number of visitors has been rising(rise) steadily since the reopening of the theme park, despite a sharp decline compared to normal years.
4．I have been writing letters all this morning and I have written four letters so far.(write)
5．Father had left(leave) for London on business before my arrival, so I didn't see him.
6．This is the first time that I have visited(visit) Xi'an and I am deeply impressed with its ancient buildings.
7．Now that Lucy is out of job, she has been considering(consider) going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
8．We have been discussing(discuss) the project details in our team meeting for the last two hours.
9．Shall the kids take a break They have been doing(do) homework in the study for nearly two hours.
10．Great changes in every field have taken(take) place in the last ten years.
11．(2022·北京卷)In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished(营养不良) people in the world has been rising(rise), despite great advances in nutrition science.
12．The little boy is dirty all over because he has been playing(play) in the mud all morning.
13．The repairman has repaired(repair) your car, and you can have it now.
14．—Take a break, Amy. You have been practising(practise) the piano all the morning.
—I'd like to. Next week I will be giving a concert at the concert hall.
15．People have been saying(say) for ages that the building should be pulled down.
维度二　语法与写作
1．谢谢您一直以来所做的一切。我期待着您的答复。
Thank you for all you have been doing. I am looking forward to your reply.
2．他们一直在采取各种措施来减少生产过程中的污染，尽管这些措施提高了他们的生产成本。
They have been taking various measures to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise their production costs.
3．同学们现在又累又渴，因为他们整个上午都在种树。
The students are tired and thirsty now, because they have been planting trees all morning.
4．因为已经采取了许多有效措施，环境已经被极大地改善了。
Because many effective measures have been taken, the environment has been improved a lot．
5. 你的衣服满是灰尘，我想你一直在打扫教室吧。
Your clothes are covered with dust. You have been cleaning the classroom, I think.
6．我认识他很多年了，所以我很了解他。
I have known him for many years, so I know him well.
7．你去哪里了？我们一直在到处找你。
Where have you been We have been looking for you everywhere.
8．我一直在考虑你所说的话，而且我已经决定采纳你的建议了。
I have been thinking about what you said and I have decided to take your advice.
9．由于你不断的鼓励，在过去的几个月里，我在学习上取得了很大的进步。
Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have made great progress in my studies in the past few months.
10．在她的职业生涯中，她一直在不断地突破艺术表达的界限。
Over the course of her career, she has been continuously pushing the boundaries of her artistic expression.
维度三　语篇练习
Some experts 1.have been doing(do) some research on robots these years. Robot teachers are now very popular with pupils in some primary schools in pared with human teachers, robot teachers are more patient. In addition, they 2.have been standing(stand) there for hours and never feel tired. Equipped with microphones and video cameras, the robots teach students as human teachers do. Many people think these robot teachers should be used in faraway village schools so that the children who 3. have been looking(look) forward to better education these years can also receive good education. To give children more learning chances, the government 4.has expressed(express) a great interest in developing these robots already. No doubt there 5.will be(be) more and more robot teachers working with students in the future.
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·福州八县一中期末)Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I'd like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.
Food：The food in a foreign country will not only be different from American food, but the cooking style will also be different. For example, while most American vegetables are usually boiled, which, as far as I'm concerned, is terrible! In China, where I studied, vegetables are often fried. China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables. So, have an open mind, and try the local food.
Locations：In terms of locations, I mean that your study abroad location differs from your home location or college location. For example, coming from San Francisco and going to school at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Masschusetts, was a location shock for me. I was not used to the very slow public transport and the need to drive.
Culture：Having an open mind will benefit you the most. In a global education program, we had Chinese roommates, and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students.Therefore, hanging out with them was not too much trouble, but if finding local friends is not that easy, join clubs, sit at coffee shops, or start conversations at a gathering or party. Being interested in flea markets and art galleries, I looked online for those types of events and went to them. At these events, I met expatriates (侨民) and locals alike and became good friends with them. Another way to fit in with the culture is to find people who will go to cultural events and places with you. I would walk around Shanghai, taking in the Chinese culture everywhere I went.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章给身在异国他乡的莘莘学子从饮食、地点、文化等方面提出了一些建议。
1．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage
A．The author felt it convenient to drive to school.
B．The author found it difficult to make friends with locals.
C．The author disliked vegetables prior to coming to China.
D．You can participate in cultural events online to take in the Chinese culture.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables.”可知，作者在来中国之前不喜欢吃蔬菜。
2．What can we infer from the passage
A．The author made only Chinese friends when in Shanghai.
B．The author kept an open mind when studying in China.
C．The author disliked his study experience in Masschusetts.
D．The author experienced Chinese culture by traveling everywhere.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So, have an open mind, and try the local food.”和第四段中的“Having an open mind...Chinese graduate students.”可推知，作者在中国留学期间保持着开放的心态。
3．Which will be mainly discussed in the following paragraph
A．Friends. B．Language.
C．Study. D．Chinese culture.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.”可知，文章围绕食物、地点、文化和语言展开说明，第二、三、四段分别提到了食物、地点、文化。由此可推知，下一段将主要讨论语言。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Make the Most of Your Experience When Studying Abroad　
B．Get Familiar with Chinese Culture
C．Be Open to the Chinese Culture Shock
D．My Wonderful Experience When Studying Abroad　
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，文章给身在异国他乡的莘莘学子从饮食、地点、文化等方面提出了一些建议，让他们充分体验国外的学习生活。A项最适合作文章标题。
B
Many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other painful events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.
A friend of mine recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can't do that. He's the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case, when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.
Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff (问题)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.
You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right”， they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You'll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you'll be more peaceful yourself.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了当与他人发生分歧时，我们应该主动向他人道歉，这样才能赢得内心的平静和快乐的道理。
5．What does the underlined word “rekindle” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Develop. B．Recover.
C．Accept. D．Establish.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，我们紧紧抓住小小的抱怨，固执地等待别人向我们伸出援手，是因为我们觉得这是原谅或恢复友谊或家庭关系的唯一方式，由此可推知，画线词意为“恢复”。
6．What's the best thing to do after a quarrel
A．To let go of our own rights.
B．To realize you're wrong.
C．To expect others to give in.
D．To apologize to others first.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To her amazement...reaches out, everyone wins.”可知，作者认为吵架后最好的事情是先向别人道歉。
7．According to the author, why do we often hold on to our anger
A．Because we think our own opinions matter most.
B．Because we think others will be less defensive.
C．Because we think our positions are higher than others.
D．Because we think we can turn small issues into big ones.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whenever we hold on to our anger...We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness.”可推知，作者认为我们坚持自己的愤怒是因为我们自己的观点最重要。
8．What is the main idea of the passage
A．We should keep peaceful when facing small stuff.
B．We should tell apart small and big stuff in our daily life.
C．Reaching out and apologizing brings peace and happiness.
D．It's necessary for us to enjoy our friendship and family relationship.
C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段内容可知，文章讲述了我们应该主动向他人道歉，这样才能赢得内心的平静和快乐。
C
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(2025·湖北部分高中联考协作体期中)We watch out salt and fat intake to protect our hearts. We exercise and take calcium (钙) to protect our bones. We slather (厚厚地涂) on sun-screen to protect our skin. But what can we do to protect our eyes Turns out, quite a lot. We asked experts what lifestyle steps people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.
“Protecting the eyes from UV light (紫外线)—sunlight—is very important，” says Esen Akpek, an ophthalmology (眼科) professor at Johns Hopkins University. “It is one of the biggest things in our environment to have an impact on the eyes. Ultraviolet light has been shown to have an effect on cataract development (白内障形成) and macular degeneration (黄斑变性).”
To shield (保护) your eyes, wear sunglasses certified to block out 99% to 100% of UVA and UVB light. Surprisingly, dark lenses aren't necessarily the most protective. “In fact, if the lenses are dark but not UV-protected, that is worse for your eyes, because when you are looking through dark lenses your pupils dilate, which lets more UV light inside to do damage，” says Dr. Akpek.
You don't have to be doing construction or factory work to need protective eyewear. Gardening, yard-work, home repairs and sports all pose the risk of trauma to the eye. The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) recommends sports glasses with polycarbonate lenses (聚碳酸酯镜片), which resist shattering, and eye protectors that have been tested to meet the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. “I see people who've been gardening, leaned forward and gotten poked in the eye by a branch，” says Davinder Grover, an ophthalmologist at Glaucoma Associates of Texas. “Or people working in the yard with weed whackers (除草机) or lawn mowers that have caused objects like rocks to hit them in the eye.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了眼镜对眼睛的保护。
9．Why does the author give three examples at the beginning of the passage
A．To arouse readers' interest.
B．To introduce the topic of the passage.
C．To tell us how to protect our eyes.
D．To emphasize the importance of health.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We asked experts what lifestyle steps people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.”可知，作者在文章的开头给出了三个例子是为了引出文章的主题。
10．What can we learn from Esen Akpek
A．Blue light has deeply impact on human's eyes.
B．Cataract development and macular degeneration are difficult to cure.
C．Reducing the use of mobile phones is the biggest thing in our lives.
D．Sunlight could influence cataract development and macular degeneration.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，紫外线对白内障和黄斑变性有影响。
11．What happens if the lenses are dark but not UV-protected
A．It will shield and protect your eyes.
B．It is helpful to protect our skin and keep health.
C．More UV light will enter your eyes and cause damage.
D．It will block out 99% to 100% of UVA and UVB light.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“if the lenses are dark...lets more UV light inside to do damage”可知，如果镜片是深色却不防紫外线，会让更多的紫外线进入眼睛造成伤害。
12．What can we infer from paragraph 4
A．Davinder Grover was poked in the eye by a branch.
B．It is not necessary to wear protective eyewear when gardening.
C．It is very common for some things like rocks to hit people's eyes.
D．The AAO thinks sports glasses with polycarbonate lenses are necessary.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The American Academy of Ophthalmology...standards.”可知，美国眼科协会认为聚碳酸酯镜片的运动眼镜是有必要的。
Ⅱ.七选五
You may get a cut from a kitchen knife or burn your hand when taking something out of the oven at home. Most of the time these common household injuries are minor. 1.________ Cuts and scratches are common household wounds that may happen at any time. But there's no need to be panic. Follow these steps, and you can treat them without seeing your doctor.
Before you touch the wound, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. 2.________ You want clean hands so you don't accidentally add dirt to the wound that may be infected later.
3．________ Gently press material—such as a clean cloth—on the wound. Then, while keeping the wound covered, lift it above the level of your heart, if possible. This can help stop the bleeding. Maintain pressure for several minutes.
Once the bleeding has stopped, you need to wash the wound. 4.________ The water will help wash any dirt out of the wound. Once the wound is clean, gently wash the surrounding skin with soap and water. Lightly press the area with a clean cloth to dry the entire area.
Then, every day, you need to apply medicine and change the dressing. 5.________ Symptoms(症状) include swelling, redness, and more pain. As time goes by, your wound will develop a scab (痂). That's the natural way it protects itself.
Sometimes you'll need to see your doctor to treat a wound. Examples include if the wound won't stop bleeding, if you can't get all the dirt out of it, or if it was caused by an animal bite.
A．It means you can treat them at home.
B．Do this by holding the cut under running water.
C．If the wound is bleeding, you'll need to stop it.
D．This will help you remove any dirt from your hands.
E．This medicine will help keep the wound clean and keep infection at bay.
F．You may feel you're most comfortable at home, but there're dangers, too.
G．Every time you do this, you need to look for signs of infection in the wound.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了处理一些常见的轻微伤口的方法和步骤。
1．A　解析：根据上文“these common household injuries are minor”和下文“Follow these steps, and you can treat them without seeing your doctor.” 可知，这些常见的在家中受的伤是轻微的，意味着你可以在家医治。A项符合语境。
2．D　解析：根据上文wash your hands和下文“You want clean hands...later.” 可知，D项承上启下，描述了洗手的作用。D项中的hands和本段中的your hands、clean hands相呼应。
3．C　解析：根据本段内容，尤其是“This can help stop the bleeding.”可知，本段主要讲述当伤口流血时你将需要给伤口止血。C项符合语境。
4．B　解析：根据上文wash the wound和下文“The water will help wash any dirt out of the wound.”可知，应用流动的水清洗伤口。B项符合语境。
5．G　解析：根据下文“Symptoms include swelling...natural way it protects itself.”可推知，在涂药和更换保护伤口的敷料时要看有没有伤口感染的迹象。G项符合语境。下文中的“swelling, redness, and more pain”与G项中的signs of infection in the wound相呼应。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·成都高二检测)Over 37，000 children 1.____________(age) 11 to 13 were reported to be more positive about their future when 2.____________(ask) about their family relationships during a survey between 2016 and 2019.
These children, 3.____________ family relationships are healthy, are more likely to flourish because they have an internal sense of safety.This sense of safety is 4.____________ allows children to understand and accept who they are.Not having to worry about home life also means 5.____________(child) devoting more mental energy to learning and 6.____________(social).
Child psychologist Whitaker says the 7.____________(good) thing parents and other caregivers can do is get involved in some simple activities such as doing chores together.You don't 8.____________(necessary) need to fill those moments with chatter.Silence is also 9.____________ powerful form of communication.Being present, open, interested and 10.__________ (attention) at these times is the foundation of family connections.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项调查表明，健康的家庭关系使孩子有安全感，从而对自己的未来更加乐观。
1．aged　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词短语作后置定语。
2．asked　解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知，空处在when引导的状语从句中作谓语，该状语从句省略了和主句相同的主语和be动词，且动词ask和主语Over 37，000 children之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
3．whose　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词These children，并在从句中作定语，应用whose。
4．what　解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，指事物，在从句中作主语，应用what。
5．children/children's　解析：考查名词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词复数形式，也可使用名词复数的所有格形式和动词-ing形式构成动词-ing形式的复合结构。
6．socializing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中与learning并列作介词to的宾语，应用动词-ing形式。
7．best　解析：考查形容词最高级。根据语境可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式作定语。
8．necessarily　解析：考查副词。空处应用副词修饰动词need。
9．a　解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指“一种……的方式”，应用不定冠词；且powerful发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
10．attentive　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处和and前的形容词present, open, interested并列，应用形容词形式。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the main idea of the text
A．The development and functions of acupuncture.
B．The advantages and disadvantages of acupuncture.
C．How to use acupuncture to treat diseases.
D．How acupuncture works in treatment of health problems.
答案：A
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答案：1.development　2.treat　3.theory explanation　4.spread
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1．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Stone needles replaced metal needles at last.
B．All metal needles are made of stainless steel now.
C．All metal needles are between 15 and 75 millimetres in length.
D．The needles used for acupuncture are different in shape and use.
2．Which of the following is the correct order of the development of acupuncture
①metal needles began to appear and took the place of stone needles
②the majority of the needles have now switched to stainless steel ones
③stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body
④the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles
⑤the use of more complex medical instruments
A．①②③④⑤ B．③④①②⑤
C．③⑤①②④ D．①③⑤②④
3．Which one is NOT the necessary step before the acupuncturist uses needles to treat a patient
A．Looking at the patient's skin and tongue.
B．Listening to the sound of his or her voice and breathing.
C．Asking how the patient feels and where the patient lives.
D．Feeling the patient's pulse and selecting the acupuncture points.
4．What's the author's attitude towards the future of acupuncture
A．Critical. B．Positive.
C．Negative. D．Indifferent.
答案：1～4.DBCB
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One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is Chinese acupuncture, 1.which was developed long ago, perhaps as early as 2000 BCE. In the Stone Age, stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body, 2.replaced (replace) by needles later.
During a visit to the acupuncture clinic, the acupuncturist first examines the patient, which is followed by 3.asking (ask) some questions about the patient's condition and feeling his or her pulse. By checking the pulse, the acupuncturist finds out which energy channel does not have enough energy. All check-ups are made 4.to select (select) certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated.Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat 5.a wide variety of health problems, more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and 6.anxiety(anxious) too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, tobacco or 7.drugs(drug).
How acupuncture 8.actually (actual) works is not clearly understood. Today, acupuncture is recognized 9.as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and 10.has come(come) into widespread use around the world already.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．acupuncture n.　　　 A．脉搏
2．stainless adj. B．烟草
3．clinic n. C．手腕，腕关节
4．tongue n. D．私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间
5．pulse n. E．针刺疗法
6．wrist n. F．绷带
7．tobacco n. G．不生锈的
8．bandage n. H．舌头；语言
答案：1～5.EGDHA　6～8.CBF
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．begin to withdraw 开始后退
2．be equipped with an artificial hand
配有一个人造手
3．I'm so grateful for 我非常感激
4．conventional artificial limbs 传统上的人工肢体
5．solid needles 实心针
6．switch to stainless steel ones 改用不锈钢(针)
7．75 millimetres in length 长75毫米
8．a major body organ 　　 一个主要的身体器官
9．abuse drugs 滥用毒品
10．a symbol of traditional Chinese culture
　　 一种中国传统文化的象征
11．come into widespread use 广泛应用
12．the emergency department 急诊科
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明→evident adj.明白的；清楚的；显而易见的；显然的→evidently adv.显然地
2．examine vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→examination n．考试；检查
3．severe adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的→severely adv.严重地
4．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望→anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不安地
5．alcohol n. 酒精，酒→alcoholic adj. 酒精的；含酒精的；饮酒引起的 n．酗酒者
6．infection n．传染，感染→ infect v．传染；使感染→infectious adj.传染性的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．According to the expert, the temple has a history dating back to(追溯到) the early Tang Dynasty.
2．It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of (代替) the present manager.
3．In addition to(除了) learning about the past, history teaching can help students to think for themselves.
4．Thanks to his help and hard work, all the financial problems have been overcome up to now(到现在为止).
5．These habits put pressure on(施压于) our natural resources and damage our environment.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．with复合结构
Originally, there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape(形状各不相同).(Para.2)
2．while连接并列句，表示“对比”
Nowadays, the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres in length are still used, while most of the others have been replaced by more complex medical instruments(而其他大多数针头已被更复杂的医疗器械所取代).(Para.2)
[分析]　此句中还含有that引导的定语从句。
3．so that引导目的状语从句
Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated (这样健康问题就可以得到治疗).(Para.4)
4．独立主格结构
Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body(每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位).(Para.4)
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　　withdraw vi.& vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；撤离；收回；停止提供；(使)退出；提，取(款)
【经典例句】 She had to withdraw from the competition due to a family emergency.
由于家庭紧急情况，她不得不退出比赛。
(1)withdraw from　　 退出；撤回
withdraw...from... 从……提取/撤回……
(2)withdrawal n.　　 收回；撤回；取款；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
【语境辨义/句式升级】
(1)They were forced to withdraw because of the approaching hurricane.撤离
(2)He has decided to withdraw from the competition.退出
(3)Open a savings account that does not charge ridiculous fees to withdraw money.提，取(款)
(4)The employee withdrew his complain after the pay increase.收回
(5)After his name was withdrawn from the list, he left the playground.
→With his name withdrawn from the list, he left the playground.(with复合结构)
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　　equip vt.& vi.配备；装备；使有所准备；使能够胜任；使有能力
【经典例句】
①(教材P34)Below is a personal account given by a girl who is equipped with a robotic hand.
下面是一个装备了机械手的女孩的个人描述。
②(2022·浙江卷6月满分作文)Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet.
那些房间配备了现代化的电子设备，所有这些设备都与互联网相连。
(1)equip sb. for sth.使某人能够胜任某事；
使某人有……能力
equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事
be equipped for/to do sth. 为……准备好；
为做……整装待发
(2)equip...with... 用……装备……
be equipped with... 装备/配备……
(3)equipment n. 装备；设备
【单句语法填空/语段填空/完成句子】
(1)(外研选必二U2)In this way，they will be better equipped in their adult lives to make(make) informed choices about how they use the money they have.
(2)Our school equips the new study room with pieces of advanced equipment(equip), such as printers and projectors, which can equip us for independent or cooperative learning.Besides, the room equipped(equip) with computers allows us to search for information more conveniently.
(3)我具备很好的英语能力，我相信自己能胜任你在报纸上刊登的职位。
Equipped with/Equipping myself with a good command of English，I am confident that I am equal to the post you advertised on the newspaper.应用文写作之申请信
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　　grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的
【经典例句】 Words cannot express how grateful we are for your support.
言语无法表达我们对您的支持的感激之情。
(1)be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人
I would be grateful if you could...
如果你能……，
我将不胜感激。(用于提出请求)
(2)gratitude n. 感激；感谢
in gratitude for sth. 感谢某事
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)I shall always be grateful to my former teacher for introducing me the study of language.
(2)And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude(grateful).
(3)如果您能审查我的建议并提供反馈，我将不胜感激。
I would be very grateful if you could review my proposal and provide feedback.
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　　evidence n.证据，证明；物证，人证
vt.证明，表明
【经典例句】
①(教材P39)There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.
有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫作“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。
②The police searched the area for several days. Eventually, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.
警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终，他们找到了他们一直在寻找的一条证据。
(1)There is some/no evidence that... 有/没有证据证明……
have (no) evidence of/for (没)有……证据
(2)evident adj. 明显的；明白的
It's evident that... 很明显……
(3)evidently adv. 明显地；显然地
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)Contrary to popular belief, there is no evidence that what you look like makes much difference to your life.
(2)At present we have no evidence of/for life on other planets.
(3)Evidently, all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.
→It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.(it作形式主语)
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evidence是不可数名词，不与不定冠词连用，也不用复数，若表示几条证据，要借助piece，如：several pieces of evidence(几条证据)。
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　　date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今
【经典例句】
①As far as I know, the old town dates back to the early Tang Dynasty.
据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到唐代初期。
②I am very up to date on this sort of thing because I often listen to the news.
因为我经常收听新闻，所以我对这类事情了解非常及时。
date from 追溯到……
out of date 过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最近的，新式的，现代的
to date 迄今为止；到目前为止；
直到现在(谓语动词常用现在完成时)
set a date for 确定……的日期
【单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级】
(1)Keep me up to date with the latest news or developments in a field of interest.
(2)They haven't set a date for the wedding yet, because they are so busy these days.
(3)The roots of Chinese painting can date back to(追溯到) Chinese Stone Age's pottery.
(4)The festival is held in November every year. It dates from the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.
→The festival dating from the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语)应用文写作之节日介绍
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date from与date back to常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态和进行时态，常用现在分词形式作后置定语。
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　　switch vi.& vt.转换；交换；调班；(使)改变；转变
n．开关，闸；转换器；转变，改变
【经典例句】
①(人教选必一U2)Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer
或者，你曾经忘记过关电视或电脑吗？
②Remember to switch on the heater if it gets cold in the evening.
如果晚上变冷的话，记得打开加热器。
(1)switch on/off　　　 开/关(电灯、机器等)
switch from...to... 从……转变为……
(2)make a switch in... 在……方面做出改变
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)Before boarding an airplane, passengers are required to switch off their mobile phones and other electronic devices.
(2)大学毕业后，她决定从金融行业转向教育行业。
After graduating from college, she decided to switch from a career in finance to one in education．
(3)认识到使用塑料的负面影响后，许多消费者改变了购物习惯。
Recognizing the negative impact of plastic use, many consumers have made a switch in their shopping habits
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　　anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕；渴望
【经典例句】
①(教材P40)And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.
针灸师发现， 这种疗法不仅可以治疗身体问题，还可以治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等精神问题。
② In order to get rid of anxiety, you'd better keep a balance between relaxation and online study.
为了摆脱焦虑，你最好在放松和网上学习之间保持平衡。
(1)with anxiety 焦虑地
(2)anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的
be anxious about/for... 为……担心/担忧
be anxious for sth. 渴望某事(物)
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地；焦急地
【单句语法填空/词汇升级】
(1)So anxious about/for her son's safety was the frightened mother that she turned to a volunteer organisation for help.
(2)David was anxious to participate(participate) in the cross-country run, but he was afraid of being laughed at by others.
(3)They watched the hurricane news reports anxiously, worried about their family's safety.
→They watched the hurricane news reports with anxiety, worried about their family's safety.读后续写之情感描写
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　　abuse vt.& n．滥用；虐待；辱骂
【经典例句】 Power must never be abused, even in times of crisis.
权力绝不应被滥用，即使在危机时刻。
abuse one's power/position/authority
滥用权力/职权/权威
abuse on sb. 谩骂某人
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)It is important for us to remember that we shouldn't abuse on others on the Internet.应用文写作之倡议书
(2)官员们总是得到警示不要滥用权力。
The officials are always reminded not to abuse their power．
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　　独立主格结构
【经典例句】
①(教材P39)Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body.
到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。
②This is likely to have led to a series of droughts, each lasting for a couple of years, including a “megadrought” around 900 AD．
这可能导致了一系列旱灾，每次旱灾都持续若干年，其中就包括公元900年左右的那场“百年不遇的旱灾”。
教材原句中“each linked to...the body”为独立主格结构作状语。
(1)独立主格结构主要起状语的作用，相当于一个状语从句；
(2)独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，一般用逗号与句子主句隔开；
(3)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，而是独立存在。独立主格结构的形式：
名词/主格＋
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)So much work to do(do), we have no time to play with you tomorrow.
(2)The boy leading(lead) the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.
(3)The old woman sat down and traces of tears were still on her cheeks.
→The old woman sat down，traces of tears still on her cheeks．(独立主格结构)
读后续写之动作描写
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(1)分词作状语和独立主格结构作状语的区别在于逻辑主语不同。分词作状语的逻辑主语为句子的主语；而独立主格结构本身具有逻辑主语，逻辑主语和句子主语不一致；
(2)无论用独立主格结构还是用完整的句子，要看前后两部分中间有无连词。若有连词，用完整的句子；若无连词，则用独立主格结构。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Science may be able to provide some explanations of paranormal phenomena(phenomenon).
2．He showed great courage by admitting on television that he is an alcoholic(alcohol).
3．Dating(date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.
4．He is waiting for the results with anxiety as if he were sitting on pins and needles.
5．With the detox(脱瘾治疗) now finished, they've switched on their devices and they're back online.
6．We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting(permit).
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．年轻人一打开灯，就传来了“生日快乐”的喊声。
The instant the young man switched on the light, shouts of “Happy Birthday” came.
2．会议结束后，所有人都冲出了会议室。(独立主格结构)
The meeting over, everyone rushed out of the conference room.
3．老师大声说话是为了后排学生能听到。(so that引导目的状语从句)
The teacher spoke loudly so that the students in the back could hear．
4．有些人爱吃辣，而另一些人却受不了。(while连接并列句)
Some people love spicy food, while others can't tolerate it．
5．他坐在房间的角落里，腿上摊开着一本书。(with复合结构)
He sat in the corner of the room, with a book open on his lap．

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