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[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Teachers have been trying various methods to increase the engagement(engage) and participation of students in virtual classrooms.
2．I'm relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition(define) than what I used to think.
3．Large quantities(quantity) of snow fell overnight, blocking the roads.
4．(2022·北京卷)In the latest UN report on global(globe) food security, the number of undernourished (营养不良) people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science.
5．They expressed cautious optimism(optimistic) about a solution to the crisis.
6．Through it all, she remained in good academic(academy) standing and graduated with honors.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Large quantities of clothes are needed(need) for those who are from distressed areas.
2．Don't get annoyed with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them.
3．The teacher as well as his students is going to take part in this activity.
4．The population of the city has decreased from 500，000 to 450，000 over the past decade, primarily due to migration patterns and a decline in birth rates.
5．The concert given(give) by the symphony was a great success.
6．She was engaged to Peter, which was beyond our expectations.
维度三　完成句子
1．一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更快乐。
A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than those who are not.
2．她总是对一切很乐观，哪怕身处逆境。
She is always optimistic about everything in spite of being in trouble.
3．地球日之前，我们班举行了一场热烈的讨论，大家一致同意，我们不能牺牲环境来发展经济。
Before Earth Day, our class held a heated discussion and all agreed on the suggestion that we shouldn't develop our economy at the expense of our environment．
4．他们不久之后就会互相了解的。
It won't be long before they understand each other.
5．要是他生气了该怎么办呢？我有点担心。
What if he gets angry I'm a little worried.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U2】
This morning, I saw the shocking headline：“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”．In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous.Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet.They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future.They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous.It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
1．What is the main argument put forward by those who oppose the idea of developing driverless cars
A．Driverless cars are unnecessary.
B．Driverless cars are too expensive.
C．Driverless cars may pose safety risks.
D．Driverless cars cause traffic jams.
C 　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In the article, various people said that... even be dangerous.”可推知，他们的主要论点是无人驾驶汽车可能存在安全风险。
2．Why do the Amish people choose not to use new technology
A．Because they believe it is unnecessary.
B．Because they want to protect the environment.
C．Because they cannot afford it.
D．Because they fear it may change their way of life.
A 　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They do not own...the rich and famous.”可推知，阿米什人认为新技术是不必要的。
3．What is the advantage of the latest weather-tracking computer programs
A．They help people travel safely.
B．They provide warnings about natural disasters.
C．They predict the weather accurately.
D．They help people stay connected with each other.
B 　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the latest weather-tracking computer...which saves many lives”可知，最新的天气追踪计算机程序的优点是提供关于自然灾害的警告。
4．How does the Internet help people in their daily lives
A．It saves people's time and money.
B．It provides opportunities for entertainment.
C．It allows people to make larger networks of friends.
D．It helps people to find jobs more easily.
C 　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the Internet has made it...using social media”可知，互联网在日常生活中可以帮助人们建立更大的朋友圈。
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones, writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic (怀旧的) skill. However, while today's educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful—both in school and in life.
Karen Mitchell, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.
Mitchell and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks—both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.
In a more recent study, Mitchell looked at what role spelling plays in a student's writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Mitchell said.
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind's eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Mitchell, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.
“In our computer age, some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won't have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然现在教育工作者越来越多地使用科技，但许多人认为，基本的书写技能对学生在学校和生活中取得成功仍是必要的。
1．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past
A．The lack of blackboards in classrooms.
B．The popular use of smartphones.
C．The use of new technologies in teaching.
D．The lack of practice in handwriting.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，新技术在教学中的使用使手写成为过去。
2．What did Mitchell's study published in 2009 indicate
A．Students prefer to write with a pen and paper.
B．Good essays are made up of long sentences.
C．The importance of writing speed and spelling ability.
D．The difference between writing by hand and on a computer.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study, published in 2009, found that when writing...a faster word production rate.”可知，米切尔在2009年发表的研究中指出了手写和在电脑上书写的区别。
3．Which of the following best shows the role of spelling
A．Spelling improves one's memory of words.
B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability.
C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.
D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a more recent study...they can write.”可知，拼写能力与写作能力密切相关，最能体现拼写的作用。
4．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage
A．Handwriting still has a place in today's classrooms.
B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.
C．Computers can help people with the choice of words.
D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.
A　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“However, while today's educators...both in school and in life.”可推知，手写技能在今天的课堂上仍然有一席之地。
B
(2025·浙江六校联盟期中)The new e-skin improves tasks requiring accuracy and force control, overcoming a big challenge in advancing technology. Unlike traditional e-skins, this new e-skin stays accurate even when it stretches. “Much like human skin has to stretch and bend as we move, so does e-skin，” explains Nanshu Lu, a professor in the Cockrell School.
The breakthrough lies in an innovative hybrid response pressure sensor that Lu and her partners have developed over years. Lu sees the stretchable e-skin as an important part of a robot hand that can mirror the softness and sensitivity of a human hand. This new e-skin technology senses pressure from contact, letting the attached machine know how much force to use to, for example, hold a cup or touch a person. In demonstrations, the new e-skin allowed the robot hand to adapt to various sensitive tasks, such as accurately measuring human pulse (脉搏) and pulse waves, securely holding objects without dropping them and even handling unexpected items like coins inside a glass or pressing on a potato chip without breaking it.
Lu and her team are currently exploring potential applications, including partnering to build a robotic arm equipped with the e-skin technology. They have also applied for a basic patent for the e-skin, indicating its potential for business use. In a world where the aging population exceeds (超过) the number of caregivers, the need for efficient and gentle care solutions is necessary. Lu believes robots equipped with advanced technologies like the stretchable e-skin could play a vital role in dealing with this global challenge.
Beyond medicine，human-caring robots could be used in disasters. They could search for injured and trapped people in an earthquake or a collapsed building. From healthcare to disaster response, the potential is significant. With further development and cooperation with robotics companies, Lu hopes to see this e-skin technology make its way to the market, marking the beginning of a new era of human-robot interaction and care.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型电子皮肤技术，这种技术可以提高需要精准度和力量控制的任务的完成度。
5．What advantage does the new e-skin have over traditional e-skins
A．It keeps accurate even when stretching.
B．It enables robots to move at a fast speed.
C．It allows robot hands to bend into all shapes.
D．It helps robot hands control with less force.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike traditional e-skins, this new e-skin stays accurate even when it stretches.”可知，与传统的电子皮肤相比，新型电子皮肤拉伸时也能保持精准。
6．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The wide applications of the new e-skin.
B．The important development of the new e-skin.
C．The major challenge of the pressure sensor.
D．The strong function of the pressure sensor.
B　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了新型电子皮肤的重要发展。
7．What can robots with the new e-skin do for the global challenge of aging population
A．Reduce healthcare costs.
B．Limit global business use.
C．Replace human caregivers.
D．Improve medical care efficiency.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In a world where the aging population...global challenge.”可知，拥有新型电子皮肤的机器人能提高医疗效率。
8．What is the author's attitude to the future of the new e-skin
A．Doubtful. B．Unclear.
C．Positive. D．Disapproving.
C　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者对新型电子皮肤持乐观的态度。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was a dark night.Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to __1__ me as I walked out on my porch.Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn't want to be __2__ by bugs and moths on this __3__ summer evening.I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of __4__．
It was then, though, that I saw them.First one blink (闪烁) of light at the far end of the meadow followed by another and then another.I __5__．I recognized them at once as my firefly (萤火虫) __6__， my lightning bug buddies who always __7__ this time of the year.
When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them __8__ fly around blinking on and off.I never __9__ and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these messengers of light.Their time on this earth was so __10__ as it was.I tried to enjoy them each night they were here.It always __11__ me when they disappeared in fall and it always made my heart __12__ when they reappeared the next summer.
We are like them in a lot of ways.Our __13__ here on earth is brief.Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than __14__ shine.Still, we do our best to share it and take __15__ in knowing that others will be shining their light long after we are gone.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者晚上在院子里遇到喜爱的萤火虫的经历及由此引发的思考。
1．A．shine B．greet
C．please D．surround
B　解析：根据上文“there was no starlight or moonlight”可知，作者走出来的时候，外面漆黑一片，这说明没有月光和星光来迎接(greet)作者。
2．A．frightened B．caught
C．surrounded D．troubled
D　解析：根据下文“bugs and moths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾袭扰，所以把灯关着。be troubled by...意为“被……困扰”。
3．A．sticky B．dusk
C．bright D．warm
A　解析：根据下文summer evening和常识可知，夏季的夜晚给人的感觉应该是闷热的(sticky)。
4．A．heat B．water
C．light D．air
C　解析：根据上文“there was no starlight or moonlight”和“I kept the porch light off”可知，当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，让眼睛适应光线(light)不足的情况。
5．A．jumped B．cried
C．smiled D．sighed
C　解析：根据下文“I recognized them at once as my firefly ______”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友(friend)，应该是微笑(smile)了。
6．A．lovers B．friends
C．partners D．fellows
B　解析：参见上题解析。
7．A．went out B．gave out
C．settled down D．showed up
D　解析：根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现(show up)。
8．A．fearfully B．cautiously
C．nervously D．slowly
D　解析：根据常识和下文“put one in a jar as some kids did”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫，这说明它们飞得慢(slowly)。
9．A．saw B．hit
C．caught D．got
C　解析：根据下文“put one in a jar as some kids did...messengers of light”可知，作者没有像一些孩子那样逮住(catch)萤火虫，把它放进罐子里。
10．A．hard B．terrible
C．useful D．brief
D　解析：与下文“Our ______ here on earth is brief.”呼应，此处作者认为萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂(brief)，不想伤害这些光的使者。
11．A．depressed B．surprised
C．confused D．excited
A　解析：根据上文可知，作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，作者总是感到沮丧(depressed)。
12．A．beat B．sing
C．move D．sink
B　解析：根据语境可知，它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。“make one's heart sing”意为“让某人高兴”。
13．A．hope B．memory
C．mind D．life
D　解析：根据上文“We are like them in a lot of ways.”和语境可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，生命(life)短暂。
14．A．beautiful B．steady
C．bright D．clear
B　解析：空处与上文“on and off blinks”对比，指稳定的(steady)闪耀。
15．A．pride B．comfort
C．action D．interest
B　解析：通读全文可知，此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。take comfort in意为“感到宽慰”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
On the playground of a town school in Tanghe county in Central China's Henan Province, a bus full of science kits stops by.It quickly draws a crowd of pupils eager to explore 1.____________ is inside.
Soon, several robots are carefully unloaded 2.____________ the bus and begin dancing with consistent human-like moves.The children watch cheerfully, bursting into laughter as the robots 3.____________(gentle) extend their hands to invite them to join the dance.
The bus was not a performance group of any kind 4.____________ a mobile science class jointly organized by the Ministry of Education, the China Science and Technology Museum and a social media platform, 5.____________(aim) to sow seeds of passion for science among children in the 6.____________(country) vast rural areas.
Lyu Guofan, chairman of the Henan Association for Science and Technology, says that rural areas are mostly faced with a 7.____________(short) of teachers and equipment 8.____________(qualify) for scientific education.
Since February, scientists, science educators and science museum staff 9.____________(walk) into 18 town schools in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Henan and Gansu provinces.In May last year, the education ministry and other departments released a document 10.____________(strengthen) scientific education in primary and secondary schools, promising to ensure that a more sound system will be in place in three to five years.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国政府落实“科教兴国”战略过程中一个具体的案例。
1．what　解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what。
2．from　解析：考查介词。unload from意为“从……卸下”，为固定搭配。
3．gently　解析：考查副词。空处应用副词作状语，修饰动词extend。
4．but　解析：考查固定搭配。not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，为固定搭配。
5．aiming　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，动词aim与主语The bus之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。
6．country's　解析：考查名词所有格。此处country与areas之间构成所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。
7．shortage　解析：考查名词。根据空前a可知，空处应用名词形式，a shortage of意为“短缺”。
8．qualified　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构要知，空处作非谓语，动词qualify与equipment之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。
9．have walked/have been walking　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since February可知，表示过去的动作对现在的影响应用现在完成时；或表示发生在过去的动作不间断进行到现在，用现在完成进行时。动词walk与主语“scientists，science educators and science museum staff”之间为主动关系；且主语为复数，助动词应用have。
10．to strengthen　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。Period 3　Writing
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写作一　应用文写作(写给未来的朋友的一封信)
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假定你是李华，在国际科学与和平周(International Week of Science and Peace)到来之际，你校校刊英语栏目正举行征文比赛，请你以“写给未来的朋友”为主题写一篇征文稿，内容包括：
1.写信的目的；
2.介绍科技发展现状；
3.你的愿望。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
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[第一段]　表明写作目的
1．随着国际科学与和平周的临近，我写信告诉你们地球上科学和技术的现状。
With International Week of Science and Peace around the corner, I'm writing to tell you the current state of science and technology on the earth.
[第二段]　具体介绍科技发展的现状
2．如今， 我们几乎(做)所有事情都使用机器或机器人。
Nowadays, we use machines or robots for almost everything．
3．人工智能正在深入各个方面，它正在帮助我们完成很多工作。这些工作在以前是不可能做到的。
AI is going deep into all aspects, and it is helping us to complete lots of work．The work could not be done before.
4．我们的宇宙飞船能到达月球和火星，潜水器可以到达海底的每一个地方。
Our spacecraft can reach the moon and Mars，and underwater vehicles can reach every place under the sea．
[第三段]　提出自己对未来的展望
5．我希望在你们那个时代，生活将更加方便。
I hope that in your time, life will be more convenient．
6．人们可以在许多行星之间自由旅行。
People can travel freely between many planets.
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7．[读教材原句]　(教材P44)At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.
[记句式]　that引导定语从句
[学仿写]　用that引导定语从句改写句3
AI is going deep into all aspects, and it is helping us to complete lots of work that could not be done before.
8．[读教材原句]　(教材P12)Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in, but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales.
[记句式]　“not only...but also...”和倒装
[学仿写]　用“not only...but also...”和倒装合并句5和句6
I hope that in your time, not only will life be more convenient, but people can also travel freely between many planets.
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One possible version：
Dear friends in the future，
With International Week of Science and Peace around the corner, I'm writing to tell you the current state of science and technology on the earth.
Nowadays, we use machines or robots for almost everything.AI is going deep into all aspects, and it is helping us to complete lots of work that could not be done before.Our spacecraft can reach the moon and Mars, and underwater vehicles can reach every place under the sea.
I hope that in your time, not only will life be more convenient, but people can also travel freely between many planets.How fascinating it will be!
Yours，
Li Hua
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第一段表明写作目的 I'm writing to tell you the news that... in order to... 为了……我写信告诉你一个……的消息。
第二段科技发展的现状 1.Self-driving cars use cameras and sensors to avoid accidents, making roads safer.自动驾驶汽车用摄像头和传感器来避免事故，让道路更安全。2.Drones are used to deliver medicine to remote villages quickly.无人机被用来快速向偏远村庄运送药品。3.Smartwatches can check your heart rate, count your steps and remind you to drink water.　智能手表能检测心率、计步并提醒你喝水。
第三段展望 1.I hope one day, traveling between planets will be as common as taking a bus to school.我希望有一天，星际旅行会像坐公交车上学一样平常。2.I dream of building a future where technology cleans the air we once polluted.我梦想创造一个科技能净化曾被我们污染的空气的未来。
写作二　场景微续写(西藏旅行分享)
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词汇积累 [环境描写]　bay，scenery，spectacular，peak，freezing，thunder, frost，border，harbour，shore，mist，dusk[心理描写]　take sb.'s breath away，awesome，astonish[动作描写]　arise，bound，highlight，drill，anticipate，enrol，proceed to sth.，owe sth. to sb.，toast
佳句积累 [动作描写]　The next morning，the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise，passing through the Canadian Rockies.[环境描写]　1.Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.2.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter，with daily temperatures averaging －10℃.3.The train thundered on，through the rolling hills.The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red，gold, and orange，and there was frost on the ground，confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada.4.Water from the lakes flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea. [情感描写]　1.However，they did not anticipate seeing such an open country，and were truly amazed.2.Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls.
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[场景呈现]　暑假期间，汤姆去了西藏旅游，这是他期待已久的地方。那里的风景简直壮观。从到达的那一刻起，他就被令人惊叹的景色所震撼。高耸的雪山、广阔的草原和清澈的湖泊让他屏息。无论他看向哪里，西藏的自然美景都让他感到敬畏。他旅行的一个亮点是参观布达拉宫，这座建筑奇迹是西藏丰富历史和文化的见证。宜人的天气和宁静的氛围增添了整体体验，使其更加难忘。
During the summer vacation, Tom traveled to Xizang, 1.a place that he had long anticipated visiting(名词作同位语；定语从句). The scenery there was spectacular. From the moment he arrived, he 2.was astonished by the breathtaking landscapes. The towering snow-capped mountains, vast grasslands, and crystal-clear lakes 3.took his breath away. Everywhere he looked, 4.the natural beauty of Xizang left him in awe (leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语). 5.One of the highlights of his trip was visiting the Potala Palace, an architectural wonder that stood as a testament to Xizang's rich history and culture. 6.The pleasant weather and the quiet atmosphere added to the overall experience, 7.making it even more memorable(现在分词作状语).
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短语必记 1.be full of joy 　充满喜悦2.feel delighted 感到高兴3.be overjoyed 欣喜若狂4.be in high spirits 情绪高昂；精神饱满5.jump for joy 高兴地跳起来6.grin from ear to ear 　笑得合不拢嘴7.be on top of the world 非常快乐； 感到无比幸福8.burst into laughter 突然大笑起来9.laugh one's head off 笑得非常厉害
必背金句 1.The children were full of joy when they received their presents.　孩子们收到礼物时满心欢喜。2.The team was in high spirits after winning the match.　球队赢得比赛后士气高昂。3.She's been on cloud nine since she got engaged.　她订婚以来一直非常高兴。4.The kids jumped for joy when they saw the surprise party.孩子们看到惊喜派对时高兴得跳了起来。5.Everyone burst into laughter when he told the joke.　他讲笑话时，大家都笑了起来。6.We laughed our heads off watching that comedy show.　我们看那部喜剧节目时笑得前仰后合。INCLUDEPICTURE "博览万象1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\博览万象1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\博览万象1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
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旅行与沟通
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【高频词汇】
1．influencer n. 有影响力的人
2．ambassador n. 大使
3．harmony n. 和谐
4．live stream 直播
5．unfiltered broadcasts 无滤镜直播
6．pop icon 流行偶像
7．night markets 夜市
8．bullet train 动车
【话题佳句】
1．(人教选必四U3)China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
中国已经在这些沿线路线的系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将有助于整个地区的极大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸以及许多植物物种通过丝绸之路首次来到英国。
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American Internet Celebrity's China Tour Goes Viral
An American 1.influencer(influence) introduced 37 million global fans to modern China during his visit from March 24 to 28, 2025. The young content creator explored Shanghai, Beijing, and Xi'an through unfiltered broadcasts that challenged common Western 2.perception(perceive) of the country.
His journey began in Shanghai's futuristic Pudong District. He danced with elderly residents in waterfront parks, 3.sampled(sample) street food like soup dumplings, and tested an electric car. The vehicle's 1，548-horsepower engine and $70，000 price shocked him.　
In Beijing, he immersed himself 4.in cultural traditions. Dressed in vibrant local outfit, he performed a backflip on the Great Wall while shouting, “This is living history！” He eagerly tasted the traditional beverages, and 5.enthusiastically(enthusiastic) learned table tennis from a pop icon. His broadcasts highlighted bustling night markets and friendly interactions, with international viewers commenting, “Chinese cities feel safer 6.than our cities.”
He repeatedly praised 7.China's(China) technological infrastructure. During a bullet train ride to Xi'an, he marveled at uninterrupted 5G connectivity in tunnels. His six-hour live stream from Shanghai, in 1440p resolution, became living proof of China's advanced Internet capabilities, surprising viewers 8.who had previously doubted media portrayals.
This cultural exchange sparked 9.global(globe) discussions. Fans applauded spontaneous moments, such as when he sang a viral Chinese song with locals. While some questioned if scenes 10.were staged(stage), most agreed that his authentic reactions revealed everyday life in China.
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A Hike with Explosive Views
Adapted from National Geographic USA-March 2025
Volcán de Fuego, a geological marvel in Guatemala, is best glimpsed from the heights of its neighbor, the currently inactive Volc?n de Acatenango, which, at 13，045 feet, is the third highest mountain in Guatemala.
The uphill hike moves visitors from lush coffee plantations through the cloud forests, up to the otherworldly terrain near the peak, where the reward is an incredible view as the earth rumbles underfoot.
The most natural starting point for the journey is in the small, cobblestoned city of Antigua, which functioned as Guatemala's capital until the late 18th century. Now it is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site to protect its rich Spanish architectural legacy. At 5，000 feet above sea level, the city offers the adventurer a place to get used to the altitude and enjoy some of the local cuisine—from a hearty bowl of xicuitl soup (墨西哥传统汤：鲜花汤) to the mouthwatering steak.
Then, the hike to base camp on Acatenango takes five to six hours on average, depending on pace and weather conditions. The final stretch of the climb to Acatenango's summit must be done on foot. Therefore, many travelers opt for overnighting at base camp before making the final push.
Travelers who venture up the summit and stay overnight should be prepared for a dramatic temperature range on account of the hike's 5，000-foot elevation gain. Daytime highs can reach beyond 68°F, while at night, the temperature can fall below freezing.
The journey up Acatenango to view Fuego, while demanding, has become one of the most popular hikes in Central America for good reason. Visitors can take in the spectacular sights and sounds of lava gurgling on Fuego. And for those who make the overnight trip with a guide, the payoff comes in the form of a well-earned glass of wine, along with a sky lit by stars and lava.
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1．geological marvel 地质奇观
2．Guatemala 危地马拉
3．glimpse v．瞥见
4．currently adv.当前；目前
5．uphill adj.上坡的；费力的
6．lush adj.茂盛的
7．otherworldly adj.超世俗的
8．terrain n．地形；地势；地带
9．rumble v．发出隆隆声
10．cobblestoned adj.铺有鹅卵石的
11．be listed as 被列为
12．legacy n．遗产
13．altitude n．海拔；高度
14．mouthwatering adj.令人垂涎的；诱人的
15．stretch (熟词生义) n．一段(时间或路程)
16．opt for 选择
17．venture v．冒险；敢于
18．on account of由于
19．demanding adj.要求高的；费力的
20．take in 欣赏；理解
21．spectacular adj.壮观的
22．lava n．岩浆
23．in the form of...以……的形式
INCLUDEPICTURE "ArticleLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\ArticleLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\ArticleLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E26TBYYWK1-4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\E26TBYYWK1-4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\E26TBYYWK1-4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 答案：1.place　2.neighbor　3.starting　4.demanding INCLUDEPICTURE "SummaryLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\SummaryLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\SummaryLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET Volcán de Fuego in Guatemala can be best seen from Volcán de Acatenango. The hike 1.starts from Antigua, with a 5-to 6-hour trek to 2.base camp. If staying overnight on the summit, travelers should prepare for temperature changes. Though demanding, the hike is very 3.popular for its great view.
INCLUDEPICTURE "StructuralLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\StructuralLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\StructuralLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1.Volcán de Fuego, a geological marvel in Guatemala, is best glimpsed from the heights of its neighbor, the currently inactive Volcán de Acatenango, which, at 13，045 feet, is the third highest mountain in Guatemala.[分析]　句中“a geological marvel in Guatemala”与“the currently inactive Volcán de Acatenango”分别作Volcán de Fuego和its neighbor的同位语；which引导非限制性定语从句。[翻译]　危地马拉的地质奇观——富埃戈火山，最佳观赏点位于其邻近的休眠火山阿卡特南戈之巅。阿卡特南戈火山海拔13 045英尺，是危地马拉第三高峰。2.The uphill hike moves visitors from lush coffee plantations through the cloud forests, up to the otherworldly terrain near the peak, where the reward is an incredible view as the earth rumbles underfoot.[分析]　句中where引导非限制性定语从句；as引导时间状语从句。[翻译]　这条上坡徒步路线将带领游客穿越葱郁的咖啡种植园，经过云雾缭绕的山林，直至接近山顶的超世俗地带，在那里，脚下大地震颤，眼前则是令人叹为观止的美景。3.Travelers who venture up the summit and stay overnight should be prepared for a dramatic temperature range on account of the hike's 5，000-foot elevation gain.[分析]　句中who引导定语从句；“on account of...gain”为介词短语作原因状语。[翻译]　攀登至顶峰并过夜的旅行者应做好应对剧烈温差的准备，因为徒步过程中海拔将升高5 000英尺。4.And for those who make the overnight trip with a guide, the payoff comes in the form of a well-earned glass of wine, along with a sky lit by stars and lava.[分析]　句中who引导定语从句；“lit by stars and lava”为过去分词短语作定语。[翻译]　对于那些在向导带领下彻夜赶路的人来说，回报是一杯当之无愧的美酒，以及被繁星和岩浆照亮的夜空。
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The Hunt
Excerpt from Black Beauty
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“黑骏马”天资聪颖，但遭受厄运，几经易主，历经磨难，最终在与死神擦肩而过后重获新生。
Before① I was two years old a circumstance② happened which③ I have never forgotten. It was early in the spring; there had been a little frost④ in the night, and a light mist⑤ still hung over the woods and meadows. I and the other colts were feeding⑥ at the lower part of the field when⑦ we heard, quite in the distance, what⑧ sounded like the cry of dogs. The oldest of the colts raised his head and said, “There are the hounds (猎犬)！” and immediately cantered (慢跑) off, followed by the rest of us to the upper part of the field, where⑨ we could look over the hedge (树篱) and see several fields beyond. My mother and an old riding horse of our master's were also standing near, and seemed to know all about it.
“They have found a hare (兔子)，” said my mother, “and if they come this way we shall see the hunt.”
And soon the dogs were all tearing down⑩ the field of young wheat next to ours. I never heard such a noise. They did not bark ， nor howl ， but kept on a “yo! yo, o, o! yo! yo, o, o！” at the top of their voices. After them came a number of men on horseback ， some of them in green coats ， all galloping (飞奔) as fast as they could. The old horse snorted (喷鼻息) and looked eagerly after them, and we young colts wanted to be galloping with them, but they were soon away into the fields lower down. The dogs left off barking, and ran about every way with their noses to the ground .
“They have lost the scent ，” said the old horse; “perhaps the hare will get off .”
“What hare？” I said.
“Oh! I don't know what hare; likely enough it may be one of our own hares out of the woods; any hare they can find will do for the dogs and men to run after ；” and before long the dogs began their “yo! yo, o, o！” again, and back they came altogether at full speed ， making straight for our meadow at the part where the high bank and hedge overhang the brook.
“Now we shall see the hare，” said my mother; and just then a hare wild with fright rushed by and made for the woods. On came the dogs; they burst over the bank, leaped the stream, and came dashing across the field followed by the huntsmen. Six or eight men leaped their horses clean over, close upon the dogs. The hare tried to get through the fence; it was too thick, and she turned sharp round to make for the road, but it was too late; the dogs were upon her with their wild cries; we heard one shriek (尖叫), and that was the end of her.
It was astonishing. But when I looked over the bank, there was a sad sight; two fine horses were down, one was struggling in the stream, and the other was groaning (呻吟) on the grass. One of the riders was getting out of the water covered with mud, while the other lay quite still.
“His neck is broken，” said my mother.
“And serve him right ， too，” said one of the colts.
But my mother did not join with us.
She said, “Though I have seen and heard a great deal, I never yet could make out why men are so fond of this sport; they often hurt themselves, often spoil good horses, and tear up the fields, just for a hare or a fox, or a stag (雄鹿), which they could get more easily some other way; but we are only horses, and don't know.”
My master was the first to help. There was no noise now; even the dogs were quiet, and seemed to know that something was wrong. They carried him to our master's house. I heard afterward that it was young George Gordon, the squire's (乡绅) only son, a fine, tall young man ， and the pride of his family.
There was now riding off in all directions to the doctor's, to the farrier's (蹄铁工), and no doubt to Squire Gordon's, to let him know about his son. When Mr. Bond, the farrier, came to look at the black horse that lay groaning on the grass, he shook his head because there was no hope—one of his legs was broken. Then someone ran to our master's house and came back with a gun; later there was a loud bang (巨响) and a dreadful shriek, and then all was silent; the black horse moved no more.
My mother seemed much troubled, saying she never would go to that part of the field.
Not many days after, we heard the church-bell tolling for a long time. They were carrying young Gordon to the churchyard to bury him. He would never ride again.
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①此处为before引导的时间状语从句。
②circumstance n. 情况
③此处为which引导的定语从句，which在从句中作宾语。
④frost n. 霜
⑤mist n. 薄雾
⑥feed v. 进食
⑦此处为“be doing...when...”句型，意为“正在做……这时……”。
⑧此处为what引导的宾语从句。
⑨此处为where引导的定语从句，where在从句中作状语。
⑩tear down 拆毁
wheat n. 小麦
bark v. 犬吠
howl v. 嚎叫
a number of 许多
此处为介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
此处为独立主格结构。
leave off 终止
此处为with复合结构。
scent n. 气味
get off 逃脱
run after 追赶
before long 不久之后
at full speed 飞速
此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
wild with fright 吓得发狂
burst [熟词生义] v．猛冲
此处为动词的联动。
turn sharp round 急转弯
此处为v.-ed形式作状语。
此处while作并列连词，表转折。
serve sb. right 活该
此处为though引导的让步状语从句。
make out 理解
此处为why引导的宾语从句。
spoil v. 糟蹋
此处为同位语。
pride n. 骄傲
此处为that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语。
dreadful adj. 可怕的
toll v. 鸣(丧钟)Period 2　Grammar and usage
将来进行时
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(1)(教材P48)Today I'll be speaking to you about drones, also known as UAVs.
今天我要和大家谈谈无人机，也称UAVs。
(2)(教材P48)We can assume that with improved technology in passenger drones, we will be entering the age of personal flying vehicles.
我们可以假设，随着客运无人机技术的改进，我们将进入个人飞行器的时代。
(3)(教材P48)Whatever happens, we'll all be interacting with drones on a daily basis.
无论发生什么，我们每天都会与无人机互动。
(4)(外研选必二U1)One reason is that although I've been working ever since leaving school, I won't be voting in the next general election.
一个原因是，尽管我离开学校以后就一直在工作，但我还是不能在下一次大选中投票。
(5)(外研选必二U1)My librarian's salary means that I'll be living at home with my parents for a while longer.
图书馆管理员的工资意味着我还需和父母同住更长的一段时间。
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1．将来进行时的基本用法
(1)表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。常与表将来的时间状语连用，如soon、tomorrow、next year、in two years' time、at this time tomorrow等。
(2)表示按照计划或安排即将要发生的动作。
(3)表示预料不久要发生的事情或将来的某种可能性。
2．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别
一般将来时表示将来某一时间将要发生的动作；将来进行时通常表示将来某个时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Mary can't attend the conference at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she will be interviewing(interview) an event at that time.
2．These predictions will come(come) true if technology continues to develop, providing us with new opportunities and solutions.
3．She will be(be) twenty-four years old next year, and she is pondering over whether to pursue a master's degree.
4．—I'd like to call you at ten o'clock next Friday morning if it is convenient.
—I'm afraid I will be attending(attend) an important lecture.
5．We will leave(leave) at 8：30 in the morning on foot and return at 5 o'clock in the afternoon by bus.
6．At 7 o'clock tonight, I will be watching(watch) the live broadcast of the concert.
7．By the middle of this century, more people will be living(live) in cities than in the countryside.
8．Don't worry! When you arrive at the airport at 5 a．m. tomorrow, I will be waiting (wait) for you there.
9．At this time tomorrow, I will be lying (lie) on a beach in Hawaii, enjoying the beautiful sunshine.
10．Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you will spare(spare) a thought for all those talented people behind the screens.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．下个月这个时候，我们将在欧洲享受我们的假期，探索这片大陆丰富的文化和历史。
At this time next month, we will be enjoying our holiday in Europe, exploring the rich culture and history of the continent.
2．王教授下个月将再做一场关于人工智能最新进展的讲座。
Professor Wang will be giving another talk on the latest advancements in artificial intelligence next month.
3．他们将在本周六赢得比赛，因为他们已经刻苦训练了好几个月。
They will win the game this Saturday because they have been training very hard for months.
4．汤姆明天下午将在机场为他的朋友送行。
Tom will be seeing his friend off at the airport tomorrow afternoon.
5．你到达时，我会在车站等你，之后我们将一起去吃午饭。
When you arrive, I will be waiting for you at the station, and we will have lunch together afterward.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Ⅰ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，上周参加了市天文馆举办的为期两天的太空体验项目。请给你的新西兰笔友贝尔(Pal)写一封邮件，分享此次经历。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Pal，
____________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Pal，
Remember I'd signed up for the space program Well, I just got back from the two-day simulated manned flight activities, and it was awesome!
We started out with some theory, and then launched model rockets.After that we tried the simulator.I put on a spacesuit and tried walking in a world with zero gravity.It's strange to float around like that—in fact, many people got space sick! Luckily, I felt fine.Then I returned to the capsule and travelled to the “Moon” for some lunar exploration.You should join such programs too—you'd love it!
Write soon!
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“The cleaners said I could pick our stuff today，” Jet's mom said on the drive to school.
“Do you think they were able to clean Big Dog？” Jet asked, trying not to sound too worried.
But he was worried.Big Dog was his favourite stuffed animal.Grandpa had won it for him at the fair when he was five years old.Jet was eight now, and he didn't need to sleep with it or anything.But he did need it.He needed it to sit on the shelf above his bed—the shelf that was now charred (烧焦的) by the house fire.
“I'm not sure what they were able to save，” Mom said.“They said they weren't able to save our photo albums.I will miss those pictures.” Jet could tell she was really sad.
“I'll pick you up after school, and we'll go through the boxes together.Then we'll see if your Big Dog can come back to us，” Mom said before she hugged him good-bye and drove off.
Jet tried to focus on his schoolwork all day, but he couldn't keep his mind off Big Dog.He clutched (紧抓) his backpack through the halls as if he were carrying his old stuffed friend.During library time, he checked out a book about dogs.At break time, his friends were playing games while his mind was completely occupied by Big Dog.
RRRRRRINNNGGG! Time for art class.
Mr.Light said it was “artist's choice” day, so they could work on whatever they wished.
Jet stared at an empty page.He thought of his mom picking up the boxes of things that had been damaged by the fire.Then he remembered how sad his mom was about the photo albums.Most things could be replaced at the store.But the pictures were gone forever.If only the photo album could somehow be saved, Jet thought.He wished there was a way to get those memories back, to bring a smile to his mom's face again.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Then, all of a sudden, he knew what he could draw.____________________________________________________
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Jet gave his mom a huge hug, and said, “I have a surprise for you too！”____________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Then, all of a sudden, he knew what he could draw.He started with a picture of himself opening presents in front of a Christmas tree.Then one of him and his mom camping.Then there was one of Grandpa, standing tall and smiling, holding out a stuffed toy—Big Dog.The lines of Big Dog came easily, as if Jet had memorized every detail.By the time class was over, Jet had a small album stretched out and was ready to surprise his mom.When Jet's mom picked him up from school, however, Jet's eyes were caught by Big Dog in the back seat.He squeezed Big Dog around the neck and hugged it tightly, feeling the familiar softness against his cheek.But then, something inside him shifted.He remembered the album in his backpack.
Jet gave his mom a huge hug, and said, “I have a surprise for you too！” Digging into his backpack, Jet pulled out the small album.“I know we lost a lot of things in the fire, and the photo albums were really special to you，” he said in a soft voice. As Jet's mom flipped through the pictures, she laughed and cried.There she saw the drawings of their favorite memories.Each picture captured a moment they had shared, a moment they thought they'd lost in the fire.That night, after they unpacked more of the boxes, Jet carefully placed Big Dog back on the shelf above his bed.Maybe the fire had taken some things, but it hadn't taken what mattered most—their love, their memories, and the chance to keep making new ones.INCLUDEPICTURE "读后续写1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\读后续写1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\读后续写1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
暴风雨洗礼与少年征途
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场景是由人、物、事相互活动构成的，既包括整件事情发生的宏观社会场景，也包括事情发生的微观具体场景。由于写作视角的变化，社会场景描写可分为第一人称视角观察到的场景和客观视角描述的场景。以下为常见的社会场景描写：
1．欢乐热闹
*Laughter and chatter filled the air like a cheerful melody.　笑声与谈话声，如同一曲欢快的旋律般弥漫在空中。
*The lively party was in full swing with music, drinks and dancing.
派对热闹非凡，音乐声、饮食声和舞步声此起彼伏。
*Thunderous applause burst out from the audience.
观众爆发出了雷鸣般的掌声。
2．沉默压抑
*I quickly realized the situation could get very serious.
我很快意识到情况可能会变得非常严重。
*How dark the rooms seemed！What a sad and lonely house!
房间看起来多么黑暗啊！多么悲伤和孤独的一座房子啊！
*There was a long pause. The unbearable silence felt like an invisible hand, holding everyone tightly.
停顿了很长时间。无法忍受的沉默感觉就像一只看不见的手，紧紧地抓住每一个人。
3．家庭情况
*Her dad worked at a job away from the farm and her mom ran the farm with the little kids. After graduating from high school, she could only choose a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for her college education.
她的爸爸在农场以外的地方工作，她的妈妈带着年龄小的孩子经营农场。高中毕业后，她只能选择当地的一所技术学院，通过工作来支付学费，因为没有多余的钱用来供她上大学。
4．学校相关场景
*At last, they came to the library. It was lined with books and there were pictures and statues, and wide tables, comfortable chairs.
最后，他们来到了图书馆。里面摆满了书，有照片和雕像、宽桌子、舒适的椅子。
*Their efforts have been proven fruitful.
事实证明，他们的努力卓有成效。
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]Alex and Eric, two high school seniors filled with a thirst for adventure, decided to kick off a hiking trip through the rough mountains surrounding their small town. Equipped with basic supplies and a spirit of adventure, they set out early one morning, eager to explore the unknown.
[2]The sun shone brightly as they climbed higher, the air growing thinner with each step. The scenery was breathtaking—bushy forests gave way to rocky cliffs (悬崖), and the sound of rushing water echoed through the valleys. But as the day wore on, the weather began to turn. Dark clouds gathered on the horizon, and a chill wind picked up.
[3]“Alex, do you think we should turn back？” Eric asked, his voice full of concern. Alex hesitated, staring at the sky. “It might pass, but we should be prepared. Let's find shelter first.” They pressed on, eventually running across a small cave hidden among the rocks. Inside, they huddled (依偎) together, sharing their limited supplies and waiting for the storm to pass. The hours ticked by, and the rain pounded constantly outside.
[4]“I never imagined it would be like this，” Eric whispered, his teeth chattering (咯咯作响). Alex put an arm around him. “Life's not always smooth sailing, Eric. But we'll get through this together.”
[5]As the night approached, their willpower strengthened. They talked about their dreams, fears, and the lessons they had learned so far. The storm outside seemed to mirror the challenges they faced in life, testing their limits and deepening their bond.
[6]Finally, as dawn broke, the rain stopped. Alex and Eric emerged from the cave, their clothes damp but their spirits high. The mountain air was agreeable and clean, and the view from the mountain top was amazing.
[7]“We made it，” Eric said, smiling through tears of relief and joy.
[8]Alex nodded, his eyes fixed on the horizon. “And we'll make it through whatever comes next, too.”
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Climbing down the mountain, they encountered a fork (岔路口) in the path.____________________________________________________
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As they emerged from the mist, they found themselves standing at the edge of a vast grassland.______________________________________
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【When & Where】
[1]Alex and Eric, two high school seniors filled with a thirst for adventure, decided to kick off a hiking trip through the rough mountains surrounding their small town.
[6]Finally, as dawn broke, the rain stopped.
【Who】
Alex，Eric
【What & How】
[1]Equipped with basic supplies and a spirit of adventure, they set out early one morning, eager to explore the unknown.
[3]“Alex, do you think we should turn back？” Eric asked, his voice full of concern. Alex hesitated, staring at the sky.
[3]They pressed on, eventually running across a small cave hidden among the rocks. Inside, they huddled together, sharing their limited supplies and waiting for the storm to pass.
[5]As the night approached, their willpower strengthened.
[6]Alex and Eric emerged from the cave, their clothes damp but their spirits high．
[7]“We made it，” Eric said, smiling through tears of relief and joy．
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As long as they face the unknown with courage, resilience, and mutual support, they can conquer any difficulty.
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根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did they see
[Answer] One way led to the city while the other was unknown.
[Question 2] Which way did they choose
[Answer] They chose to take the adventure.
[Question 3] What did they encounter and then what happened？(和第二段段首句衔接)
[Answer] They encountered dangers but they managed to overcome them.
根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为：
[Question 1] What did they do
[Answer] They appreciated the beautiful scenery of the vast grassland.
[Question 2] How did they feel and what did they do
[Answer] They felt a sense of accomplishment and they exchanged their feelings.
[Question 3] What moral would the story express
[Answer] As long as they face the unknown with courage, resilience, and mutual support, they can conquer any difficulty.
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特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。
Climbing down the mountain, they encountered a fork (岔路口) in the path.____________________________________________________
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As they emerged from the mist, they found themselves standing at the edge of a vast grassland._____________ ___________________________
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One possible version：
Climbing down the mountain, they encountered a fork in the path. One way led back to civilization, while the other was unknown, clouded in mist. “Which way should we go？” Eric asked, uncertainty creeping into his voice.(微情节一：二人面临选择) Alex paused for a while, considering their options. “Let's take the unknown path. It might lead to something amazing, or it might be a dead end. But either way, it's an adventure worth having.” With renewed determination, they set off down the misty trail.(微情节二：二人踏上险途) The journey was dangerous, with slippery rocks and hidden obstacles at every turn. But they navigated it together, supporting each other every step of the way.(微情节三：困难重重，二人协力前行)
As they emerged from the mist, they found themselves standing at the edge of a vast grassland. It was dotted with wildflowers and surrounded by rolling hills. The sun was shining, and a gentle breeze carried the scent of freshly bloomed flowers.(微情节一：草原上美丽的场景) “Look at this，” Eric breathed, his eyes wide with wonder. Alex smiled, feeling a sense of accomplishment and gratitude. “Life may not always be easy, but it's full of surprises and beauty if we're brave enough to explore.”(微情节二：二人的感受) As they continued their adventure, Alex and Eric knew that they had learned a valuable lesson: as long as they face the unknown with courage, resilience, and mutual support, there is no challenge they can't conquer.(微情节三：冒险途中宝贵的一课)
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　　(2017·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空)A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But restrictions apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian passport.
Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May, but their relationship ended and he did not want her ticket to go to waste. The ticket had a strict no-transfer (不可转让) policy, but since passport information was not required when booking, any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can use it.
[“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to experience a lot of joy，”]① said Axani. [He posted his offer on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails]②， including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the right passports. “More interesting, there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in changing their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，” Axani said. [“It was absolutely out of control, thousands of e-mails, people around the world sharing their stories of travel.”]③
[Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return]④ and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own.
[The trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before ending in Toronto on January 8.]⑤ He said the lucky woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online. INCLUDEPICTURE "手LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\手LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\手LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 　背铺灰语料，积续写基石
[话题]
人与社会——做人与做事——免费赠送机票
[内容概要]
一名来自多伦多的男士与其女友分手后，为了不浪费已经订好的机票，在网上征集与前女友同名的加拿大女士并免费赠送其机票。
[注释]
①描写赠送机票的目的
②网络反馈；动作描写
③网络反馈
④该男士不求回报
⑤行程安排单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are the speakers talking about
A．Having a birthday party.
B．Doing some exercise.
C．Getting Lydia a gift.
2．What is the woman going to do
A．Help the man.
B．Take a bus.
C．Get a camera.
3．What does the woman suggest the man do
A．Tell Kate to stop.
B．Call Kate's friends.
C．Stay away from Kate.
4．When will the speakers wake up tomorrow
A．At ten.
B．Around nine.
C．Before eight.
5．How does the man feel
A．Worried.
B．Hopeful.
C．Happy.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the woman probably like best
A．Acting.
B．Dancing.
C．Singing.
7．What is Sam advised to do
A．Join the Ballet Club.
B．Join the Acting Club.
C．Join the Music Club.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What can we know from the man
A．It's too cold to run outside.
B．It's healthy to run in cold weather.
C．It's good for lungs to run outside.
9．What does the woman want to do right now
A．Sleep in bed.
B．Get her gym clothes.
C．Do make-up.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What problem does the man have
A．He dislikes his job.
B．He knows few people here.
C．He is unfamiliar with the city.
11．What will the man do next Saturday
A．Go to the woman's house.
B．Treat the woman to dinner.
C．Introduce someone to the woman.
12．What can we learn about the woman
A．She feels lonely.
B．She tries to help the man.
C．She likes challenging jobs.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where are the speakers
A．In the doctor's office.
B．In the ski field.
C．In the drugstore.
14．What did the woman do the week before
A．She did some tests.
B．She moved into a new place.
C．She helped her brother do something.
15．What happened to the woman according to the man
A．She hurt herself while skiing.
B．She lifted something too heavy.
C．She stretched out her back too much.
16．What's the main reason for the woman to teach ski lessons
A．She loves skiing.
B．Her office job is boring.
C．She needs holiday expenses.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the talk mainly about
A．How children spend their free time.
B．How Australians enjoy themselves.
C．What old people like in Australia.
18．What do most children do after school
A．Read books.
B．Read newspapers.
C．Go out to play games.
19．When do old people stay at home and watch TV
A．In the evening.
B．In the afternoon.
C．In the morning.
20．How do young people probably feel when they go home on Sundays
A．Nervous.
B．Anxious.
C．Relaxed.
答案：1～5.CBACB　6～10.CBABB
11～15.ABACB　16～20.CBCAC
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：What are we going to get for Lydia's birthday？①
M: How about a pair of running shoes
W: You know she hates doing exercise.
M: Then I guess we can buy her a birthday cake.
(Text 2)
M: Excuse me.Do you have time to help take a picture of us
W: Oh, I'm sorry.I've got to catch a bus.②
M: That's OK.
(Text 3)
M：It really annoys me when Kate calls her friends during office hours.
W：If I were you, I would tell her to stop.③
M：Maybe you're right.I will talk to her sometime.
(Text 4)
W：We have an early wake-up tomorrow，so you have to wake up before eight tomorrow morning.④We have to be on the road around nine.
M：Yeah, yeah. Don't worry about me.I'm not the one who is going out tonight.It's already ten o'clock, you know.
(Text 5)
W：Tell our listeners, Dr.Foster.Is it true that one out of every four students in high school has a learning difficulty
M: Our research seems to confirm this, yes.But rather than being concerned, I'm actually hopeful for the future.⑤That's why I came on your show.
(Text 6)
W：Hi, Sam！I've decided to join the Music Club.⑥
M：Good decision!
W：How about you Are you going to join a club
M：Yes.I'm wondering which one I should choose: the Acting Club or the Ballet Club
W：I guess the question is...Do you like dancing better than acting？⑦
M：Actually, I like acting better，⑦ but my friends go to the Ballet Club and I want to be with them.
W：Hmm...If you ask me, I think you should choose what you like.⑦
(Text 7)
M：I'm going to the gym.I want to do some running.
W：Why don't you run outside
M：Are you kidding Do you know how cold it is today？⑧
W：Yeah, I suppose.I guess it isn't healthy to run in this weather.
M：No, it's not.Not at all.I'd probably freeze my lungs.
W：Wait for me for a minute.I'll go to the gym too.
M：You won't sleep in
W：No, I don't want to stay in bed today.Just let me get my gym clothes.⑨
M：I didn't know you exercised.
W：What do you mean Everyone can exercise.
M：Yeah, I know.But you I always thought you were only good at doing make-up.
W：No, not at all.I was on the swimming team in high school.And I'd like to do some weight training. There is very good equipment at that gym.
(Text 8)
W：George, how are you finding living in this side of the city
M：Well, I have a job that is challenging and very interesting.I love it.But I'm a bit lonely.Although I have been living in the city for almost 30 years, my family, my friends and classmates are all in the opposite side of the city.I don't really know anyone here except you and Tom in the office.⑩
W: Yes, it's tough moving to a new place where you don't know many people, but you don't have to be lonely.There are lots of amazing people who live in this area. You should come and have dinner with us.I can introduce you to my neighbors who will absolutely love you！
M: Do you think so I'd love to meet some people who are fun to be with.
W：Well, why don't you come over to my house next Saturday I'll invite a group of friends who I think you'll find both interesting and great fun.Does that sound OK
M：That sounds great.Thanks！
(Text 9)
W：The pain began when I was skiing.It was a dull pain in my back at first, but it has gotten worse now. Usually I love skiing, but that was a bad day.
M：Did you lift anything heavy in the days before skiing？ You may have hurt it then and not known until you started doing something stressful.
W：I helped my brother move the week before. Maybe I hurt myself, lifting a sofa or a box. I think I would have felt the pain earlier, though.
M：It is probably how you got hurt. I'll schedule some tests before you go， but it is important that you take it easy until we know what happened.You should also step in the drugstore and buy some mild pain medication. I'll refer you to a movement doctor as well. He will show you some movements to reduce your pain.
W: That would be great.I need to get back to work as soon as possible.
M: It says here on the sheet that you are a ski instructor.I don't recommend that you continue difficult activities like skiing until we know what is wrong.
W: Yes, I have been teaching ski lessons part time during the winter because I always need extra money for the holidays. My normal job is in an office, so I can get plenty of rest there.
(Text 10)
M：In Australia, different people have different ways to enjoy themselves. They also have their own ideas about how to pass the time.Most children work hard in school because they have to take lots of exams. After school, they don't want to stay at home reading books any more.Instead, they put aside their schoolbags and go out to play games. Many old people get up early in the morning.Then they go to parks to read newspapers.It helps them know what is happening around the world.After breakfast, they go to the horse races, dog races, and sometimes car races.In the evening, they stay at home and watch TV， sometimes with their grandchildren.Young people prefer to go out during the holidays.On the weekend, they go to the mountains to have picnics or to the forest to camp.They usually leave on Friday and spend one or two days outside.Then on Sunday evening, they make their way back home on the highway.Nobody seems to be in a hurry， although a busy week is waiting for them again.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Science is often considered a male-dominated field.But the field is rich with female scientists who made important discoveries.
Ada Lovelace, Mathematician(Dec.10，1815-Nov.27，1852)
Ada Lovelace was an English mathematician and writer, primarily known for her work on Charles Babbage's early mechanical general-purpose computer.While she did not have a formal degree in the modern sense, Lovelace is regarded as the first computer programmer— long before modern computers were invented.
Chien-Shiung Wu, Physicist(May 31，1912-Feb.16，1997)
Originally from China, where she earned her degree in physics from the National Central University in Nanjing, Chien-Shiung Wu became a leading figure in science.Wu is famous for her “Wu experiment”， which overturned the theory of parity (宇称理论) in physics.This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, with Wu's critical role in the work overlooked.
Janaki Ammal, Botanist(Nov.4，1897-Feb.7，1984)
As India's first female plant scientist, Janaki Ammal made significant progress in the fields of botany.Educated in Madras and the U．S., she held notable positions including teaching at the Women's Christian College.Her work extended overseas in England before returning to India, contributing greatly to genetics and plant breeding until her death in 1984.
Katherine Johnson, Mathematician(Aug.26，1918-Feb.24，2020)
Katherine Johnson played a key role at NASA．She overcame racial and gender barriers, making crucial calculations for the trajectories (轨迹)of spacecraft.Recognized for her contributions, Johnson received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015.Her story, highlighted in the film Hidden Figures, inspires generations in STEM fields.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性科学家及其贡献。
21．What did the woman scientist who died young achieve
A．She challenged a physics theory.
B．She made breakthroughs in botany.
C．She assisted with space exploration.
D．She contributed to the computer's birth.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段小标题“Ada Lovelace, Mathematician(Dec.10，1815-Nov.27，1852)”和“While she did not have a formal degree...before modern computers were invented.”可知，阿达·洛芙莱斯去世时年仅37岁，她为计算机编程领域做出了重要贡献。
22．Which scientist once held a teaching position in college
A．Ada Lovelace.
B．Chien-Shiung Wu.
C．Janaki Ammal.
D．Katherine Johnson.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she held notable positions including teaching at the Women's Christian College”可知，贾纳基·安马尔曾在学院教学。
23．What similar experience did Chien-Shiung Wu and Katherine Johnson have
A．They both won the Nobel Prize.
B．They faced gender barriers at work.
C．Their stories were made into films.
D．They were awarded degrees in China.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This breakthrough led to...Wu's critical role in the work overlooked.”以及最后一段中的“She overcame racial and gender barriers”可推知，两位科学家都因性别问题而在工作中面临障碍。
B
Most of us have memories from childhood that go something like this: You're not leaving the table until you eat all your vegetables.How lucky we were to have nutritious food, even if we had to learn to like it.
According to the Houston Health Dement, for nearly one quarter of children living in Houston, Texas, the choice to eat healthily doesn't exist.They are unable to obtain fresh produce, relying entirely on canned and packaged goods.A lack of fresh meat and produce in your diet can lead to increases in depression and obesity and greater risks of heart disease and cancer.A poor diet is also tied to poor performance in school for young children.
Annie Zhu was shocked to find out so many children in Houston lived in food deserts.She was also shocked to see how much fresh food supermarkets throw away every day.So she and her twin sister Shirley went to work.First, they partnered with the Houston Health Department to distribute food at community centers.With the help of a food rescue organization Second Servings, they collected surplus (过剩的) food from grocery stores and began organizing monthly markets.They even connected with human service agencies to provide help beyond food.Lastly, since fresh food needs to be picked up right away, they developed a text-messaging app Fresh Hub, which tells people when and where the markets are.
Each month, Fresh Hub organizes high school students who wear green shirts and go to set up stands of fresh produce, baked goods and packaged meats.The Zhu sisters and the green dream team have distributed over 1，500 pounds of food. And while families are collecting food, volunteers are entertaining kids with art projects that teach healthy eating.
At the end of the day, Annie says they are happy to be making a difference.“Frustration over the unfair circumstances built into society led us to meet incredible people，” says Annie.“I know I'm not alone on this journey to help the underserved—and I know my journey has only just begun！”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对双胞胎姐妹通过与当地卫生部门合作、开发应用程序以及组织集市等方式来保障当地孩子的饮食健康，解决休斯敦食品荒地的困境的故事。
24．What issue in Houston do the Zhu sisters focus on
A．Poor access to fresh food for kids.
B．Kids' dislike for green vegetables.
C．Food supplies in supermarkets.
D．Childhood obesity and illness.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，双胞胎姐妹关注的是休斯敦当地的一些儿童很难获取新鲜食物的问题。
25．What is Fresh Hub supposed to do
A．Serve as a healthy food provider.
B．Collect fresh food from grocery stores.
C．Inform users of fresh produce available.
D．Publish authoritative information on food.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Lastly, since fresh food...when and where the markets are.”可知，Fresh Hub告知用户何时何地能获得新鲜食物。
26．What are the volunteers assigned to do during the event
A．Sell fresh produce to the underserved.
B．Distribute as much free food as possible.
C．Raise awareness of a healthy diet among kids.
D．Look after kids and provide them with healthy food.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And while families...teach healthy eating.”可知，志愿者在活动期间会被安排去提高儿童对健康饮食的认识。
27．How does Annie Zhu feel about their efforts to help the underserved
A．Puzzled and curious.
B．Frustrated and anxious.
C．Surprised and excited.
D．Delighted and satisfied.
D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，安妮·朱对他们帮助弱势群体付出的努力感到高兴和满意。
C
Robots in space will be extracting (提取) gold from asteroids (小行星) within ten years if a new project backed by a Silicon Valley billionaire goes as planned.Peter Diamandis, the founder of Planetary Resources, said the company attempts to make the resources of space available to humanity.
The initial stage, to be achieved in the next 18 to 24 months, is to launch a series of private telescopes which will orbit Earth.These will be used to search for the right type of asteroids.The plan is to use commercially built robotic ships to extract rocket fuel and valuable minerals from the rocks that regularly pass by Earth.Diamandis predicts that they could have their version of a space-based petrol station up and running in two years.
Several scientists not involved in the project argued that the project was daring, difficult and very pricey.They do not see how it could be cost-effective. But the founder of Planetary Resources has a track record of profiting from space exploration business.Diamandis was the first person to sell rides into space to tourists.“Before we started launching people into space as private citizens, people thought that was a ridiculous idea，” Diamandis said.“This is a long-term project.But it's not a charity.We'll make money.” The idea that asteroids could be mined for resources has been around for years.There are probably 1，500 asteroids that pass near Earth that would be good initial targets.They are at least 50 meters wide, and Diamandis figures ten percent of them have water and other valuable minerals.
Richard Binzel, Professor of Planetary Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, says, “The idea might be many decades ahead of its time.But you have to start somewhere as it might offer a new perspective of saving the Earth from being over explored.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料的项目。
28．What is supposed to be the first step of the project
A．Launching robots into Earth orbit.
B．Sending some telescopes into space.
C．Building a space-based petrol station.
D．Using robotic ships to extract rocket fuel.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The initial stage...which will orbit Earth.”可知，项目的最初阶段是往太空发射一系列私人望远镜。
29．How did Diamandis use to make money from space exploration business
A．By extracting gold from asteroids.
B．By providing space travels for tourists.
C．By being the first person to ride into space.
D．By selling tickets to see tourists' rides into space.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Diamandis was the first person...to tourists.”和“This is a long-term project....We'll make money.”可知，迪亚曼迪斯以前通过把游客送入太空旅行来获利。
30．What does Richard Binzel think of the project
A．It is risky.
B．It is complex.
C．It is worthwhile.
D．It is demanding.
C　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“But you have to start somewhere...saving the Earth from being over explored.”可推知，理查德·宾泽尔认为这个新的项目是值得开发的。
31．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Mining Asteroids
B．Humans and Asteroids
C．Space Exploration in Progress
D．The Project of Extracting Minerals
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一个计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料的项目。A项最适合作文章标题。
D
The home of the future won't be completely different and we will be living in houses and flats just as we do today.But people will want to shape their homes to match their dreams.No two homes will be the same.People will be able to buy “house kits” containing a basic house structure, with movable walls, doors and windows.They will put together the different parts to create the home they want.
Many jobs that we do today will disappear, others will still exist but will change and new jobs will be created.Skilled workers such as builders, gardeners and electricians won't disappear because machines can't replace them.Teachers will still exist because students need human contact.But they will be using modern technology in class more and students will be working more from home.The medical technology revolution and space travel will create new jobs which we can only imagine today.
Space holidays will develop in the future, but these holidays won't be for everyone because they won't be cheap.Short space trips will develop first，then space hotels will orbit the Earth, where it will be possible to have a longer vacation.By the end of the next century, there will be holiday centers on the Moon with leisure facilities for families.Paper won't exist in the future.Instead, there will be e-paper which people will be able to use over and over again.This will develop in order to save natural resources.E-newspapers and e-magazines will replace traditional newspapers and magazines and we will download information and news articles from the Internet every day onto our reusable paper.
The laws of physics tell us that the Earth is going to disappear sometime in the future.This isn't going to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our Sun explodes (爆炸). We will have to explore the universe and find another home.At some point in the distant future, either we stay on the Earth and die with it, or we leave and move to another planet.There won't be any other choice.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来的生活状况，如未来的家、职业、太空旅行和可重复利用的电子纸等。
32．What will homes of the future be like
A．They will be completely different from those of today.
B．They will be very similar to our homes.
C．They will be movable as you want.
D．They will be different from one another.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The home of the future won't be...will be the same.”可知，未来的家将彼此都不同。
33．What will space trips and staying in space hotels be like in the future
A．They will become a very common way to spend a holiday.
B．They will be the cheapest holiday choice for families.
C．They will still only be for very rich people.
D．They will attract a lot of people.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Space holidays will develop...because they won't be cheap.”可知，太空旅行和住在太空旅馆仍然只适合富人。
34．Why will e-paper replace traditional paper
A．Because it won't waste natural resources.
B．Because young people like it.
C．Because it will be cheaper to produce.
D．Because it will be convenient to carry.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Paper won't exist...to save natural resources.”可知，电子纸会取代传统纸张是因为它不会浪费自然资源。
35．Why will we have to move to another planet
A．Because we want to live a better life.
B．Because we want to save the human race.
C．Because water on Earth will be used up.
D．Because the Earth is too crowded to live on.
B　解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，科学家预测在50亿年后太阳爆炸时，地球会消失，由此可推知，如果我们想拯救人类，就不得不搬到另一个星球去。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to change our world, it will have good and bad influences on our society.Some people believe that the changes that AI brings will mostly be good.But some changes could be challenging.Here are some of the challenges that might be faced by us in the future. 36.________
37．________ Some people are urgently concerned about the loss of jobs caused by the use of machines.But the real challenge for humans is to find their love for new occupations and develop the ability to take these new jobs.According to a global company, millions of present jobs will be replaced by AI in the UK for decades to come. 38.________ When people face new jobs, making a living can be challenging for some of them.
Another challenge is about the safety of our data, like our age, our address and our interests. 39.________ As more and more personal data is called every day by some people and companies, the government should make laws to protect the safety of each person's data.
One more challenge is whether machines will become super-intelligent and be out of humans' control at last.If that happens，it may risk our society's safety, instead of doing good to it. 40.________ Researcher Elon says，“To deal with this challenge, all countries should work together so that we don't end up doing something wrong with the technology.”
Thus, in the long run, we have to watch these challenges AI brings to our society.
A．AI is often closely connected to data.
B．AI will surely cause our job market to change.
C．But more new jobs will be created for humans.
D．AI will make people reconsider their choice of jobs.
E．People take different attitudes towards the use of AI.
F．This unwanted result of AI's development will likely challenge us all.
G．And we should be thinking about how to deal with them now.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能给我们带来的挑战和隐患。
36．G　解析：上文提到人工智能带来的一些变化可能使我们面临一些挑战，下文是我们未来可能面临的一些挑战。G项承上启下，符合语境。
37．B　解析：根据下文“Some people...by the use of machines. But the real challenge for humans...take these new jobs.”可知，本段进一步解释人工智能的使用对就业市场的影响。B项概括本段内容，符合语境。
38．C　解析：根据上文“According to a global company...in the UK for decades to come.”可知，人工智能可能导致人们失业。C项与上文构成转折关系，同时引出下文介绍的人们在面临新工作时的情况，承上启下，符合语境。
39．A　解析：空处下文“As more and more personal data...the safety of each person's data.”具体说明了人工智能与数据相关联产生的情况。A项概括本段内容，符合语境。
40．F　解析：根据下文“To deal with this challenge”可知，空处应引起下文，指出这一挑战是什么。F项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Velez and Fenrych rarely left Dorothea's side in the ICU. They talked to her, played music for her and made her happy. On Aug.26, Fenrych's birthday, doctors __41__ Dorothea's breathing tube and took her off the ventilator, moving her to only light assisted-breathing support __42__ a CPAP machine (呼吸机). She would need a second open-heart __43__ in a few months, and doctors warned her parents that the next few weeks would be __44__. To __45__ the upcoming surgery, Dorothea would need to put on weight and get stronger. The tiny girl moved out of intensive care and amazed the hospital __46__ by putting on more than 3 pounds in the next two months. Her reconstructed heart was working well, and her oxygen levels became normal.
On Sept.14, she was __47__ the CPAP machine and began breathing on her own. On Nov.24, Dr. Michielon performed the second surgery on her heart. He declared her prognosis __48__. She went home with her parents happily on Dec. 21, just __49__ for the holiday season. She had defied (违抗) the odds and lived up to her well-earned nickname: the miracle baby. Today, says her proud papa, “She is a chubby, healthy baby and is constantly __50__ and laughing. We sing happy birthday to her every morning because every day with her is a miracle. You know, right after we __51__， we were having a baby girl, we __52__ her Dorothea. There was a good reason for that.” He pauses and smiles __53__ he watches Batsheba, now 3 years old, snuggle up next to her baby sister on their living room couch. He continues, “Dorothea __54__ from a Greek phrase that means ‘__55__ of God’．”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了维莱斯和费恩里奇的女儿多萝西娅经过手术，战胜了疾病并获得“奇迹宝宝”的绰号的故事。
41．A．made B．removed
C．fixed D．adjusted
B　解析：根据下文“moving her to...a CPAP machine”可知，医生拔掉(remove)了多萝西娅的呼吸管。
42．A．in B．on
C．under D．from
D　解析：根据下文a CPAP machine及常识可知，她的呼吸来自(from)一个呼吸机。
43．A．operation B．academy
C．hospital D．disease
A　解析：根据下文the upcoming surgery可知，此处指开胸手术(operation)。
44．A．meaningless B．instant
C．critical D．secure
C　解析：根据上文“a second open-heart ______”及常识可知，第二次开胸手术之前的几周将非常关键(critical)。
45．A．help B．survive
C．stay D．live
B　解析：根据下文“Dorothea would need to put on weight and get stronger”可知，为了从手术中幸存(survive)下来，多萝西娅需要变得更加强壮。
46．A．worker B．educator
C．staff D．people
C　解析：根据下文“by putting on more than 3 pounds in the next two months”可知，体重增加让医院的工作人员(staff)惊讶。
47．A．put off B．put on
C．taken off D．taken up
C　解析：根据下文“began breathing on her own”可知，她被取下(take off)了呼吸机，开始自己呼吸。
48．A．excellent B．terrible
C．urgent D．peaceful
A　解析：根据下文“She went home with her parents happily on Dec. 21”可知，医生宣布多萝西娅手术后恢复很好(excellent)。
49．A．in advance B．in case
C．in time D．in addition
C　解析：根据下文for the holiday season可知，回家及时(in time)赶上了假日季。
50．A．smiling B．crying
C．wondering D．warning
A　解析：根据上文“a chubby, healthy baby”及下文laughing可知，婴儿一直微笑(smile)。
51．A．broke down B．insisted on
C．summed up D．found out
D　解析：根据下文“we were having a baby girl”可知，此处指发现(find out)怀的是一个女孩。
52．A．named B．saw
C．told D．wrote
A　解析：根据下文her Dorothea可知，此处指给女孩取名(name)为多萝西娅。
53．A．why B．where
C．as D．which
C　解析：根据“He pauses and smiles”和“he watches...living room couch”可知，空处应引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。
54．A．comes B．understands
C．helps D．accompanies
A　解析：根据下文from a Greek phrase可知，多萝西娅这个名字来自一个希腊短语。come from意为“来自”。
55．A．tone B．crisis
C．character D．gift
D　解析：根据下文of God以及上文多萝西娅战胜疾病可推知，此处指“上帝的礼物(gift)”。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I take the underground I constantly find myself 56.____________ (surround) by dozens of passengers playing smart phones.They almost won't even take a glance at the outside world.You may think it is normal to rely on smart phones 57.____________ (kill) time.What's worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as they are playing smart phones, which is really an 58.____________ (annoy).
I really miss the old days when I 59.____________ (chat) with some passengers on the train.Now things are different.
Everyone just concentrates 60.__________ their smart phones.When talking with those playing smart phones, 61.____________ seems that you are disturbing them.I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them.Sometimes I just feel we 62.__________ (large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with 63.____________ (distance) strangers through the Internet.We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. 64.____________ ridiculous the situation is! In a way we 65.____________ (control) by smart phones now.Are you experiencing the same situation like me Do you have any ways to avoid that
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在人们沉迷于智能手机的现象。
56．surrounded　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语myself和surround之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。
57．to kill　解析：考查非谓语动词。rely on...to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“依靠/依赖……做某事”。
58．annoyance　解析：考查名词。根据an可知，空处应用名词单数形式，意为“烦人的事”。
59．chatted　解析：考查动词的时态。根据句意可知，此处指过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
60．on　解析：考查介词。concentrate on为固定搭配，意为“集中注意力于……”。
61．it　解析：考查代词。it seems that...为固定句型，意为“似乎/好像……”。
62．largely　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，ignore是动词，应用副词修饰。
63．distant　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，strangers是名词，应用形容词修饰。
64．How　解析：考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“感叹词＋形容词＋主语＋谓语！”结构的感叹句，ridiculous是形容词，应用how。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
65．are controlled　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；句子主语we与control之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
请你以伽利略(Galileo)为例写一篇短文，谈谈对科学精神的理解。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Galileo was an Italian physicist, astronomer and philosopher who pioneered modern experimental science.
He used a combination of experiment and mathematics to determine some important laws of mechanics. He made a careful observation of the falling body movement and established the correct “law of free falling body”．Galileo believed in the truth, had his own ideas and stuck to his ideas no matter what others said.
It reminds me of this: No one is always right. I think we should learn from Galileo's spirit of questioning. Don't always listen to others who make you do what they want.
第二节(满分25 分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was 8 o'clock on Sunday.Amy still stayed in bed, listening to the radio.Her mother, Hannah, asked her to switch off the radio and finish her homework, but she didn't listen.Her mother went out of the room with anger.
Next morning, Amy went to school cursing (咒骂) everyone possible for having to go to school.Even in school, Amy had a reputation of sorts for all the wrong reasons.She slept in class and did not finish her work.In playtime, Amy had to go out and play, but she tried to find an excuse saying that she was tired when someone caught her walking away.
She came home with leftovers in her lunchbox or other complaint almost every day, and that day was also no different.
“Who can help me to change my daughter？” Hannah wondered.
Hannah never believed in raising her voice or raising her arm on Amy or on anyone for that matter.She believed and wished that her love and patience would one day change Amy.
One day a new family moved into Amy's apartment.They were very friendly people.They wanted to acquaint (使……熟悉) themselves with all the neighbors, so their little girl, Mary, was sent all around the neighborhood to find friends.Soon, Mary came to Amy's home.
It didn't take much time for Mary to understand Amy.However, she was not put off by Amy's behavior.She knew that she needed to help Amy to change.She told Amy an idea that her teacher had once told the class in her previous school, “Blow a balloon whenever you're angry or upset about something or someone.”
At first Amy did not listen to Mary, but Hannah tried her best to tell her that it was fun and brought her a pack of balloons.
That day, Amy wanted to play a guessing game with her mother, but Hannah wanted to finish her chores (杂活) in the kitchen first.Amy got angry.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
She remembered what Mary had told her and thought she would give it a try.____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Amy is a changed person now.__________________________
____________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
One possible version：
She remembered what Mary had told her and thought she would give it a try.Amy dashed into her room, found the balloons and picked one out with an overwhelming sense of anger.Thinking about her mother's refusal, Amy spared no effort to blow the balloon.Suddenly, the balloon exploded with a bang, making her numb with shock.It occurred to her that she should stop complaining and stay optimistic, or she would end up exploding like the balloon one day.An overwhelming sense of shame almost swallowed her and pushed her to make a change.
Amy is a changed person now.Amy changes her attitude completely.Instead of complaining about everything, she begins to appreciate her life and friends.What sets Amy apart is that she volunteers to spread the function of blowing balloons in her community.She wants to do something for her neighborhood just like what Mary did for her. Her anger is well controlled even without a balloon.She is willing to take others' suggestions into consideration, contributing to her better behavior.Instead of losing her temper all the time, she is now a polite and thoughtful girl with contagious enthusiasm.INCLUDEPICTURE "英YLXZXBX2UNIT4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\英YLXZXBX2UNIT4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\英YLXZXBX2UNIT4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
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[核心单词]　　　input capacity　　analysebreakthrough　　threaten　　　crime　　　murderurge apparently warning demandgreedy recognition alternative theftdistribution predict decrease denyquantity illegal licence highlightbury conclude definition practicalengage twin barrier optimisticannoy expense envy pub [重点短语]　(build) castles in the air，to name but a few，fall victim to，break into，in large quantities，spy on，at the forefront of，a host of，boil down to，like weeds，at the expense of[重点句型]　1.when引导定语从句2．It＋be＋adj.＋that...3．What if... 4．before引导时间状语从句
[单元语法]　将来进行时 [写作任务]　写给未来的朋友的一封信
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[Positive sides]global city 　　 全球城市advanced technology 先进的技术extend people's lives 延长人们的寿命environment-friendly energy 环保能源bring convenience to daily life 给日常生活带来便利make people's life easier 使人们的生活更轻松the revolution in information technology 信息技术革命overcome all sorts of physical disabilities 克服各种各样的生理缺陷[Negative sides]global warming 全球变暖make people lazy 使人们变懒heavy reliance on machines 过度依赖机器 [Transportation]solar-powered cars 　太阳能汽车flying motorcycles/cars 飞行摩托车/汽车self-driving/driverless cars 无人驾驶汽车[Health care]telesurgery n. 远程手术ventilator n. 　　 呼吸机magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像robotic surgery 机器人手术 health monitors 健康监测器 [Homes]household robots 家用机器人smart home appliances 智能家电monitoring systems 监测系统smart homes/toilets 智能家居/马桶
话题佳句 1.With the help of the computer, it is possible for humans to work at home.在电脑的帮助下，人们在家办公是件可行的事。2．No invention has received more praise and abuse than the Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样(同时)受到如此多的赞扬和批评。3．Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience.多亏了科学技术的发展，人类社会才享有了持续的繁荣和更多的便利。4．No matter how attractive the Internet is, we shouldn't be addicted to it.无论网络对我们的吸引力有多大，我们都不应该沉迷于它。
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
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What's the main idea of the text
A．The advantages of AI.
B．The disadvantages of AI.
C．The application of AI in the future.
D．The development, application of AI and people's concern about it.
答案：D
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答案：1.come true　2.definition　3.development
4．applications　5.concerns　6.careful
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1．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To arouse readers' imagination of their future life.
B．To stress the importance of artificial intelligence.
C．To arouse readers' interest in artificial intelligence.
D．To show the fast development of artificial intelligence.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to paragraph 3
A．AI technology has developed very fast since it was created.
B．Alan Turing put forward the term “artificial intelligence” in the mid-1950s.
C．The competition between Deep Blue and Ke Jie was a major breakthrough in AI.
D．The development of computers finally made people's dream of AI come true.
3．What did Stephen Hawking mean by saying “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”？
A．People should be forbidden from using AI.
B．People should be aware of the possible dangers of AI.
C．AI will kill all human beings in the future.
D．AI will bring a bright future to human beings.
4．What is the author's attitude to the future of AI
A．Objective. B．Positive.
C．Negative. D．Critical.
答案：1～4.CDBA
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1．Then in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems. (Para.3)
[分析]　本句是一个复合句，其中which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代其前的整句话；named AlphaGo是过去分词短语作后置定语。
[翻译]　之后在2017年，一个名为阿尔法狗的计算机程序击败了可以说是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习的人工智能系统的一个重大进步。
2．We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us—but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for！(Para.6)
[分析]　本句是一个由but连接的并列句。在第一个分句中“it would be fantastic...all the work for us”是省略了关系词that的宾语从句；第二个分句中what引导宾语从句。
[翻译]　我们可能仍然认为，整天放松下来，让自动机器为我们做所有的工作是非常棒的——但也许我们不应该太贪婪，而应该谨慎对待我们的愿望！
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Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines, which are capable 1.of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.Since 2.the 1940s，the development of computers made AI a 3.reality(real).However, for a long time, AI technology developed very 4.slowly(slow).In 1997, Deep Blue beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov, which marked a new breakthrough in AI.AI is now used in a 5.variety(vary) of fields, such as finance, health care, machine translation and art.In fact, the 6.applications(application) of AI are unlimited.In short, AI is changing the way we live.It is clear 7.that we are at a turning point in history.
However, as AI brings great convenience, it 8.brings(bring) us many worries.Many people, including some scientists, wonder that AI might be abused by criminals, 9.causing(cause) panic and social instability.So researchers are urged 10.to think(think) about all the possible dangers that AI might cause to us while they are doing research.
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1．In the passage, Stephen Hawking is quoted as saying, “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.” Do you agree with him Why or why not
____________________________________________________
2．What do you think intelligent machines will be capable of doing in the future
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答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．coin vt. 　　 A．数据库
2．autonomous adj. B．黑客
3．domestic adj. C．有自动保险装置的，
具有自动防止故障性能的
4．victim n. D．受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品
5．database n. E．自主的，有自主权的；自治的
6．hacker n. F．家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的
7．fail－safe adj. G．创造(新词语)
答案：1～5.GEFDA　6～7.BC
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．seem like building castles in the air
像建造空中楼阁一样
2．adjust to new inputs 适应新的输入
3．imitate the complex networks of the human brain
模仿人脑的复杂网络
4．a major breakthrough in AI
人工智能的一个重大突破
5．the dangers posed by the advances in AI
人工智能发展带来的危险
6．a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords
替代传统密码的快捷、酷炫的密码
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．capacity n．领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量→capable adj.有能力的
2．analyse vt.分析→analysis n．分析；分析结果
3．massive adj.巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的→mass n．团；块；堆；大量
4．finance n．财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金→financial adj.财政的；金融的；财务的→financially adv.财政上；金融上
5．threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓→threat n．威胁→threatening adj.威胁的；恐吓的
6．commit vt.犯(罪)；承诺，保证；花(钱或时间) vi.全心全意投入，忠于→commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺；保证；许诺
7．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal adj.犯罪的 n．罪犯
8．murder vt.& n．谋杀，凶杀→murderer n．杀人犯
9．urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n．冲动，强烈的欲望→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的→urgency n．紧急(的事)；紧迫；催促
10．apparently adv.显然，可见→apparent adj.显然的；显而易见的
11．warning n．警告，先兆；警戒→warn v．警告；提醒
12．demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要→demanding adj.要求高的
13．greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的→greedily adv.贪婪地→greed n．贪心，贪婪
14．recognition n．识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识→recognise v．认出；承认→recognisable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的
15．theft n．偷窃，偷窃罪→thief n．小偷
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．I am less hopeful now and my plan may prove to be castles in the air (空中楼阁) after all.
2．After a long time, my eyes adjusted to (适应) the darkness inside the cave.
3．He waited until everyone had had a say and he had had the opportunity of thinking things over before he put forward (提出) a different view from the rest.
4．The shop sells different kinds of things including clothes, vegetables, books, to name but a few(略举几例).
5．In short (简而言之), being a good leader needs courage and practice.
6．We often imagine what can work to our advantage (对我们有利), but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us.
7．Where there is not enough food, many people fall victim to (成为……的受害者) disease.
8．They came back home only to find their house broken into (强行闯入) last night.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“given (that)...”意为“鉴于……；考虑到……”
It may seem like building castles in the air，but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed[考虑到目前人工智能(AI)的发展速度], in the future such dreams may actually come true.(Para.1)
2．动词不定式作目的状语
To achieve this aim(为了实现这一目标), many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions.(Para.2)
3．when引导定语从句
A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997，when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion(当时一台会下国际象棋的计算机“深蓝”击败了国际象棋世界冠军) Garry Kasparov.(Para.3)
4．It＋be＋adj.＋that...
It is clear that(很明显) we are at a turning point in history.(Para.5)
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　　capacity n.领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
【经典例句】 The subway system is operating beyond capacity during rush hour, causing delays.
地铁系统在高峰时段超负荷运转，导致延误。
(1)a capacity to do sth.　　 做某事的能力
(2)capable adj. 有能力的；
足以胜任的
be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)The value of a man resides in what he gives and not in what he is capable of receiving.应用文写作之名人名言
(2)The girl had a strong capacity to learn(learn) language when she was young.
应用文写作之人物介绍
(3)We have made him monitor of our class, for he is capable of dealing with tough issues.
→Capable of dealing with tough issues, he has been made monitor of our class.(形容词短语作状语)
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　　threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
【经典例句】 If we don't act now, climate change will threaten the livelihoods of future generations.　如果我们现在不采取行动，气候变化将危及子孙后代的生计。
(1)threaten sb.with...用……威胁某人
threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事
(2)threat n. 威胁
a threat to sb./sth. 对某人/某物的威胁
(3)threatening adj. 恐吓的；具有威胁的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)I think they would be a threat to those of us that lived on Earth.
(2)Make sure there are no threatening(threaten) tones in your proposal which you will submit tomorrow.应用文写作之建议信
(3)David threatened to report(report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
(4)交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且可能危及我们的生命。
Traffic issues not only affect our everyday life, but may also threaten our lives．
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　　urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策　n．冲动，强烈的欲望
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
随着我们变得越来越依赖于计算机，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
②Many students in rural areas are in urgent need of educational resources and qualified teachers.　许多农村地区的学生迫切需要教育资源和合格的教师。
(1)urge sb.to do sth.　　　 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth.
极力主张……(应该)做某事
have/feel an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的；
急切的
in urgent need of... 急需……
(3)urgency n. 紧急；迫切；急事
urgently adv. 紧急地；急迫地
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)(2022·天津卷3月)Anyone who has an urge to speak(speak) fluent English can register for our Spoken English Club.
(2)Because of all these distractions, I didn't have a strong sense of urgency(urge) to start my school assignments right away.
(3)我们必须敦促更多人去反思自己的不当行为并且做出改变。
→We must urge more people to reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge sb.to do sth.)
→We must urge that more people (should) reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge that...)应用文写作之倡议书
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　　warning n.警告，先兆；警戒
【经典例句】
①(人教选必一U2)If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone.
如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。
②(2023·全国甲卷)However, Carson's theme is a more weighty warning about environmental destruction.
然而，卡森的主题是一个更有分量的关于环境破坏的警告。
warn vt.& vi.　　　　　 警告；提醒；告诫
warn sb.about/of sth. 警告某人某事,
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)(2024·北京卷)As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about/of the challenges I would face.
(2)他们警告游客不要在没有当地导游的情况下前往偏远地区，因为这可能会很危险。
→They warned tourists against visiting remote areas without a local guide, which could be dangerous.
→They warned tourists not to visit remote areas without a local guide, which could be dangerous.
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　　demand vt.需要；强烈要求　n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要　vi.查问
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)Apparently, such warnings demand our attention.
显然，这样的警告需要我们的注意。
②(人教选必一U5)What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。
(1)demand to do sth.　　　 要求做某事
demand that...(should) do sth.
要求……(应该)做某事
(2)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
the demand for sth. 对某物的需求
meet/satisfy/serve one's demands (for...)
满足某人(对……)的需求
(3)demanding adj. 要求高的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The workers in this factory strongly demanded to raise(raise) their salary.
(2)Like running，race walking is physically demanding(demand), she says.
(3)The products of our company are of high quality so they are in great demand now.
(4)图书馆管理员要求他归还从图书馆借阅的书籍。
The librarian demanded that he (should) return the books he had borrowed from the library.
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　　recognition n.识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识
【经典例句】
①(教材P47)Facial recognition technology, with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use.
面部识别技术以其分析大量数据的能力而得到广泛应用。
②I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition.
自从萨拉还是个小女孩的时候我就没见过她了，我简直认不出她来了。
(1)beyond/out of recognition 面目全非，认不出来
in recognition of 为表彰/赞扬……
(2)recognise v. 认出；承认；识别
recognise...as/to be... 认为/认出/承认……是……
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
(3)recognised adj. 公认的，认可的
【单句语法填空/一句多译】
(1)This tree is easily recognised(recognise) by its extremely beautiful silvery bark.
(2)The British recognised America to be(be) an independent state in 1783.
(3)He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of recognition(recognise).
(4)钟南山被公认为中国医学领域最伟大的科学家之一。
→Zhong Nanshan is recognised as/to be one of the greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China.
→It is recognised that Zhong Nanshan is one of the greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China.应用文写作之人物介绍
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　　alternative n.可供选择的事物
adj.可供替代的；非传统的
【经典例句】
①(教材P47)It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords, and you cannot forget your own face!
它提供了一个快速和酷炫的传统密码替代方案，而且你不能忘记自己的脸。
②(人教选必一U5)As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.
作为一种选择，一些农民转向有机耕作，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时也转向有机食品。
(1)an alternative to (doing) sth.
(做)某事/某物的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做某事
(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating with others.
(2)失败是成功之母。有时候，为了取得成功，我们别无选择，只能勇敢地面对失败，并从中吸取教训。
Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it. 应用文写作之演讲稿
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“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式：
(1)have no choice but to do sth.；
(2)can't choose but do sth.；
(3)can do nothing but do sth.
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　　break into 强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等)；顺利打入
【经典例句】
①(教材P47)Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos to build models of their faces.
此外，人们越来越担心我们可能会成为技术的受害者，因为在某些情况下，黑客利用人们的社交媒体照片构建人脸模型，闯入面部识别系统。
②(外研选必二U5)Decomposers break down dead animal and vegetable matter into nutrients.
分解者把死去的动植物分解成营养物质。
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话)，插嘴
break down 分解；(机器、车辆等)出故障；
(精神、身体等)垮掉；失控痛哭；
消除，破除(障碍、偏见等)
break out (战争、殴斗、疾病等)爆发；
突然发生
break through 突破；克服，战胜
break up 分手；打碎；解散；结束
break away from 脱离；摆脱；分离
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修二U4)In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today.
(2)When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police on the spot.读后续写之动作描写
(3)(外研必修二U3)World War Ⅰ had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together.
(4)长期过度劳累导致他的身体状况逐渐垮掉，最终他不得不住院治疗。
Long-term overwork caused his health to break down gradually, and he eventually had to be hospitalized.
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　　when引导定语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
人工智能的重大突破出现在1997年，当时一台会下国际象棋的计算机“深蓝”击败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。
②(人教必修一U2)However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!
然而，现代人直到1974年才知道陵墓或兵马俑的存在，当时是一些农民在挖井的时候发现的这一陵墓！
when引导定语从句时，表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time、day、hour、year等。
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)He looked back on the days that/which he spent as a volunteer in Africa with pride.
(2)Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
(3)We will never forget the year.In that year the 24th Winter Olympics was held in Beijing.
→We will never forget the year when the 24th Winter Olympics was held in Beijing．(定语从句)
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when是关系副词，在从句中只能作状语，而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导定语从句，作宾语时常常省略关系代词。
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　　It＋be＋adj.＋that...
【经典例句】
①(教材P45)It is clear that we are at a turning point in history.
很明显，我们正处在历史的转折点。
②(人教必修二U4)With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. 　这般美景，造就了爱尔兰包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。
it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(strange、important、vital、necessary、obvious、possible...)＋that从句；
(2)It＋be＋名词短语(a pity、a fact、a good idea、no wonder...)＋that从句；
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said、thought、believed、supposed、reported...)＋that从句；
(4)It＋特殊动词/动词短语(strike、hit、occur to...)＋sb.＋that从句。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my keys at home.
(2)为了给商场腾出地方，那座漂亮的老建筑被拆除了，真是可惜。
It is a pity that the beautiful old building was torn down to make way for a shopping mall.
(3)所有公民平等接受教育对减少社会不平等至关重要。
It is vital that all citizens have equal access to education to reduce social inequality.
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Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Our network capacity(容量) increases, so does our transmission for massive amounts of data.
2．The show had a massive(巨大的) audience, ranging from children to grandparents.
3．He said the task of reconstruction would demand(需要) much patience, hard work and sacrifice.
4．This year five major measures will be adopted to expand domestic(国内的) demands.
5．The team captain was praised in recognition(认可) of his leadership during the championship game.
6．The patient urgently needs medical attention due to the severity of his condition.
7．With the development of technology, online discussion forums are a convenient alternative for assignments requiring teamwork.
8．It's known that no snake will habitually attack human beings unless threatened(威胁) with its life.
9．The head teacher gave us students a warning not to casually throw rubbish onto the road.
10．The government has distributed food, medicine and money to the earthquake victims(受害者) in time.
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．Elderly people living alone are often in urgent need of social services and daily care(急需社会服务和日常照顾).
2．(2022·全国甲卷)Faced with the worrying current situation of oceans, human beings have no alternative but to cooperate with each other (别无选择只能彼此合作) to tackle the ocean crisis.
3．With so many items to choose from, it's easier to fall victim to(成为……的牺牲品) packaged food lies than you think.
4．He made his mark in the field of(在……领域) geology after long years of research.
5．The car broke down(抛锚) on the highway, so we had to call a tow truck.
6．In short(总之), wasting food increases greenhouse gas emissions and contributes to climate change.
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
We have entered an era 1.when AI is used in various fields(人工智能应用于各个领域；when引导定语从句). In fact, technology has transformed our lives, making them more convenient and efficient. 2.Given that technology is constantly developing(鉴于技术在不断发展；介词短语作条件状语), it will inevitably continue to reshape our lives. 3.It is remarkable that(值得注意的是；It＋be＋adj.＋that...) even the most basic tasks, like shopping or banking, can now be done with the click of a button. 4.To make our life more comfortable and convenient(为了使我们的生活更加舒适和方便；动词不定式作目的状语), we should continue to make technological advancements.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．I could come to your house, or alternatively (alternative), we could meet in the town.
2．If these animals' habitat is threatened(threat) or they cannot find enough food, their numbers may decrease.
3．It seems that he is greedy(greed) for new knowledge for he has been in the library for a week.
4．In case of urgency(urge), remaining calm is the first thing we should do.
5．He was a professor of criminal(crime) law at a famous law school.
6．BMI is an internationally recognized(recognize) measurement tool which gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
7．From the scientific analysis(analyse), the expert who attended the meeting concluded that it was really a challenge to cure these infected patients.
8．Now a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesn't have to be that demanding(demand).
9．Apparently(apparent), blindly following others' advice will affect our own judgment.
10．But more importantly, we made a commitment(commit) to keep working together.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Firewood is in great demand during winter months, so the supply should be increased.
2．It is recognized that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us.
3．He was threatened with dismissal if he continued to turn up late for work.
4．I strongly urge that he (should) learn(learn) some techniques of first aid to handle some emergencies.
5．I'm quite pleased that we do have the capacity to produce(produce) that much food.
6．The teacher warned the students about/of the dangers of skipping classes, which could influence their grades.
7．I have committed myself to sitting on two committees.
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．因为摘苹果需要爬树，所以农民们要求我们小心谨慎。(demand that...)
Because picking apples involved climbing trees, the farmers demanded that we (should) be careful and cautious．
2．这个问题是如此严重，因此我们别无选择必须采取一些切实有效的措施来解决该问题。
So serious is this problem that we have no alternative but to take some effective measures to solve this problem．
3．通过这种方式改变景观，玛雅人有可能在不知不觉中降低了应对自然灾害的能力。
By changing the landscape in this way，it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters.
4．这些隐藏的宝藏可以追溯到公元405年至公元1002年，为我们展现了敦煌在丝绸之路贸易中心时的画面。(when引导定语从句)
Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD, these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade．
5．我们的班主任敦促我们学生之间互相帮助以缓解学习压力。
(1)Our headteacher urged us students to give a helping hand to each other to ease our study pressure.
(2)Our headteacher urged that we students (should) give a helping hand to each other to ease our study pressure.
维度四　融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U2】
Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, and can sometimes lead to problems.However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
Intelligent Controls
Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners.In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself.You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
Regular Health Checks
In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.Your bed, for example, will record how well you sleep every night.It will also be checking your body weight.If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone.It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
1．What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A．To show it is common to forget to turn off the appliances.
B．To imply that smart homes will soon come into being.
C．To warn readers to be careful not to cause any trouble.
D．To make the theme of the passage known to readers.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段引出文章主题，即智能家居。
2．What will future smart homes do when people leave their homes in the morning
A．Lock the doors and turn off all appliances.
B．Play their favourite music and TV programmes.
C．Switch to an energy-efficient mode.
D．Prepare dinner for them.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The future home will...mode all by itself.”可知，未来智能家居在人们早上离家时会自动切换到节能模式。
3．How will future homes adjust to the daily routine and preferences of their residents
A．By learning through experience.
B．By receiving voice commands.
C．By analyzing their past behaviour.
D．By being manually programmed.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Your home will also learn...get home each evening.”可知，未来的家会通过经验来学习适应住户的日常习惯和喜好。
4．What kind of control system will future homes have
A．A switch-based system.
B．A knob-based system.
C．A voice-activated system.
D．A remote-control system.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“All controls will respond...the home system will obey.”可知，未来的家将使用语音激活系统来控制各种设备和功能。
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The technology we're already exposed to has paved the way for us in the future，and these current and future technologies certainly have the potential to change our lives even more.
High-rise farms
As the population of the Earth continues to grow，living space also decreases，not only for human beings but for the animals and plants we rely on too.
It's reasonable to see a future where tech will need to be developed to allow for farmland in unusual places.This idea of high-rise farms in the middle of a city isn't totally beyond belief.
Li-Fi
Li-Fi has been experimented with for the last few years and has some interesting potential for fast data transfer speeds.Li-Fi uses light to transfer data rather than Wi-Fi's radio waves.It's also thought that Li-Fi will be much cheaper than Wi-Fi.
Recycling and re-engineering
The constant development of new tech means our world is often full of old tech.One thing the human race will have to do in the future is to learn new ways to recycle，reuse and re-engineer old tech to decrease waste and save the world.
People are already coming up with a variety of interesting ways to recycle old tech，including turning disused things into material for paving roads.
Healthcare nanobots
The robotic technology is being used to care for our health.Tiny nanobots could be used to check our insides to hunt our health problems.They might also be used to repair damaged organs.This could mean less time in hospital and less recovery time too.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了会改变我们的生活的一些科学技术。
1．What can we learn about Li-Fi
A．It has come into use.
B．It will be as cheap as Wi-Fi.
C．It probably increases data transfer speed.
D．It uses Wi-Fi's radio waves to transfer data.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据Li-Fi部分中的“Li-Fi has been experimented...for fast data transfer speeds.”可知，Li-Fi可能会提高数据传输速度。
2．Which technology will bring benefit to people's health
A．Li-Fi.
B．Healthcare nanobots.
C．High-rise farms.
D．Recycling and re-engineering.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Healthcare nanobots部分中的“The robotic technology is being...used to repair damaged organs.”可知，医疗纳米机器人将有益于人类健康。
3．Where is the passage most likely from
A．A science magazine.
B．A guidebook.
C．A book review.
D．A fiction novel.
A　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了会改变我们的生活的一些科学技术。由此可推知，本文很可能出自一本科学杂志。
B
Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the new technological frontier.However, a set of challenges and barriers need to be overcome, including things like low latency(延迟), the high refresh rate, high resolution (分辨率) and a wide field of view.
Now that we can actually build VR headsets (头戴式视图器) that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR.As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced by using VR.Journalism is a medium built on relevance (相关性).Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content.VR is a goldmine for storytelling.What is the better way to relate a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it
By using VR, the consumer isn't just reading or watching something being played out; they're experiencing it.The super-realistic effect of VR allows people to connect them with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it.Any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers(同行) should surely be considering the power of VR.
The question of VR, though, is not how powerful it is.It is obvious that the question of VR is its availability.Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available.This is the biggest challenge that VR faces.If the tools to tell a story with VR aren't easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail.If VR isn't both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail.
Accessibility is one concern for Thomas Hallaq.However, he thinks VR is still very promising.Hallaq said, “We're seeing more technology becoming accessible, and more people having access to that technology.Just look at smartphones.” If the technology is widely available and companies can overcome the barriers, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling.Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, VR will change the way we tell stories.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明虚拟现实技术在新闻领域的应用、存在的问题及其未来的发展前景。
4．Why is VR considered a powerful tool for journalism
A．It entertains the consumer.
B．It delivers content very fast.
C．It is equipped with improved headsets.
D．It makes people experience stories.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Journalists should always be finding new ways...put them right in the center of it？”和第三段中的“By using VR...reading about it.”可知，虚拟现实被认为是新闻领域的强大工具是因为它可以使人们体验故事。
5．What is the biggest challenge for VR as a journalism tool
A．Technical barriers.　B．Easy access.
C．News sources. D．Public acceptance.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It is obvious that the question of VR is its availability...VR will fail.”可知，虚拟现实面临的最大挑战是方便获取。
6．What's the author's attitude to the future of VR
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
A　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“If the technology...change the way we tell stories.”可知，作者对虚拟现实的未来持积极态度。
7．What is the most suitable title for the passage
A．Storytelling Ability: the Quality of Journalists
B．Secrets of the Increasing Popularity of VR
C．Challenges and Barriers of VR
D．VR：the Future of Storytelling
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是最后一段中的“VR will change the way we tell stories.”可知，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式，故D项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·邵阳、武冈期中联考)Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds.The name radar comes from the first letters of the words “radio direction and ranging”．As the human eye uses light waves to see, radar “sees” with radio waves.Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog. 1.________
In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects.But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war. 2.________ It has been used widely in almost every conflict (冲突) since then.
Echoes make it possible for radar to work.When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes an object and returns an echo.This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screens.On the screen an observer sees a flash and that can show the direction and distance of the object. 3.________
Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings.Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. 4.________ Weather forecasters “see” the size, direction, and speed of storms on radar screens.Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance from the earth to the moon.Thus, the device has helped achieve major advancements.
5．________ It guards us against possible enemy attacks.We have ballistic missile (弹道导弹) warning systems that can warn us against attacks when missiles are more than 1，000 miles away.Other radar systems can also warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A．The measurement is now highly accurate.
B．Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
C．The device can be used in a wide range of fields.
D．It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers.
E．During World War Ⅱ many countries used radar effectively.
F．Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters.
G．Strengthening national defense is one of radar's most important functions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了雷达的重要性、发明过程以及应用情况。
1．D　解析：根据上文内容可知，空处应与上文构成因果关系，说明雷达的重要性，D项中的It指代上文中的radar。D项符合语境。
2．E　解析：上文提到雷达研究在20世纪30年代取得重大进展，那时世界被战争威胁，下文提到雷达自那时以来被广泛应用，空处应说明雷达在战争期间被应用的情况。E项符合语境。
3．A　解析：上文提到在屏幕上观察者会看到一束光，这可以表明物体的方向和距离。空处应是对测量结果的评价。A项符合语境。
4．B　解析：根据上下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了雷达在不同领域的应用。空处前后都是举例，空处也应是雷达在某个行业中应用的例子。B项符合语境。
5．G　解析：根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了雷达也可用于国防领域。空处内容应与雷达可以加强国防相关。G项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Life is a journey filled with ups and downs.It's important to understand that failure is simply a part of that __1__， and it's okay to fall along the way.From the __2__ days of childhood to the moment we become __3__， we will unavoidably encounter barriers and setbacks.But these moments of __4__ offer us a valuable opportunity to learn about ourselves, to __5__ our true abilities and recognize our limitations.
Let me share a __6__ story with you, one that taught me the value of facing __7__ head-on.When I was in school, I __8__ with certain subjects and often received poor grades.I was so afraid of __9__ my parents that I would sometimes falsify my grades, __10__ an F to a B simply to avoid their disappointment.
But this dishonesty didn't bring me any closer to success.In fact, it only made things worse when I was eventually __11__．I realized then that the only way to truly succeed was to __12__ my failures and learn from them.And something __13__ happened: as I began to tackle my struggles and work harder to improve my grades, that F __14__ turned into a B, and then an A．
So remember: failure is not a sign of weakness, but an opportunity for __15__．Accept it, learn from it, and you'll be amazed at what you can achieve.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过分享个人的经历，阐述了失败是人生旅程中的一部分，我们要接受失败，并从失败中学习，最终会为自己所取得的成就而感到惊讶的道理。
1．A．journey B．lesson
C．process D．success
A　解析：根据上文中的“Life is a journey filled with ups and downs.”可知，失败是人生旅程(journey)的一部分。
2．A．busiest B．earliest
C．darkest D．hottest
B　解析：根据下文中的“days of childhood”可知，此处指从最初的(earliest)童年开始。
3．A．partners B．masters
C．adults D．clerks
C　解析：根据上文中的“days of childhood”及语境可知，此处指从最早的童年时期到我们成为成年人(adult)的时刻。
4．A．joy B．crisis
C．truth D．difficulty
D　解析：根据上文中的“we will unavoidably encounter barriers and setbacks”可知，此处指这些困难(difficulty)时刻。
5．A．doubt B．reduce
C．prove D．discover
D　解析：根据上文中的“to learn about ourselves”以及下文中的“and recognize our limitations”可知，困难使我们发现(discover)自己真正的能力。
6．A．sad B．classic
C．personal D．different
C　解析：根据下文中的“When I was in school”可知，此处指作者个人的(personal)故事。
7．A．death B．failure
C．trouble D．competition
B　解析：根据下文中的“So remember: failure is not a sign of weakness, but an opportunity for ________．”可知，这个故事教会了作者直面失败(failure)的价值。
8．A．competed B．continued
C．struggled D．dealt
C　解析：根据下文中的“often received poor grades”可知，作者在一些学科上有困难(struggle)。
9．A．convincing B．cheating
C．disappointing D．asking
C　解析：根据下文中的“I would sometimes falsify my grades”以及“to avoid their disappointment”可知，作者伪造成绩是为了避免父母失望(disappoint)。
10．A．adding B．comparing
C．preferring D．changing
D　解析：根据上文中的“I would sometimes falsify my grades”可知，作者为了不让父母失望，有时会伪造成绩，把F变成(change)B。
11．A．determined B．convinced
C．hurt D．caught
D　解析：根据上文中的“In fact, it only made things worse”以及“eventually”可知，作者伪造成绩最终被发现(catch)。
12．A．accept B．cover
C．share D．report
A　解析：根据下文中的“Accept it, learn from it, and you'll be amazed at what you can achieve.”可知，作者在此经历中感悟到的是要接受(accept)失败，并从中学习。
13．A．amazing B．horrible
C．new D．special
A　解析：根据下文中的“as I began to tackle...and then an A”可知，作者成绩提高是令人惊奇的(amazing)事情。
14．A．entirely B．gradually
C．apparently D．slightly
B　解析：根据上文中的“as I began to tackle my struggles and work harder to improve my grades”可知，作者开始努力，成绩逐渐(gradually)从F变成B，再变成A。
15．A．understanding B．growth
C．dialogue D．recovery
B　解析：根据语境和下文中的“Accept it, learn from it, and you'll be amazed at what you can achieve.”可知，失败不是弱小的表现，而是成长(growth)的机会。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCache\\Content.Word\\课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　单句语法填空
1．At 7 o'clock this evening we will be celebrating(celebrate) Tom's birthday with a surprise party at his favorite restaurant.
2．There will be(be) a chance for parents to look around the school next weekend.
3．I will/shall be flying(fly) from Miami to New York to meet the other members of the group at this time tomorrow.
4．When you get to the train station at 9：00 tomorrow morning, your brother will be meeting(meet) you at the passage exit.
5．I hope you will find(find) a good job one day, so never give up when meeting with difficulties.
6．Don't phone Tom at two o'clock this afternoon when he will be attending(attend) an important meeting.
7．When the concert starts, they will be playing(play) their instruments on stage.
8．Since my parents are visiting, I will/shall be cleaning(clean) the house at eleven the day after tomorrow to prepare for their arrival.
9．Guess what she will be doing(do) tomorrow evening when we have a party
10．Hurry up and tidy the hall！The guests will be arriving(arrive) at any minute!
11．I will be seeing(see) you next week because I'm going to your city on business.
12．There is so much work that I will be staying(stay) late at the office this evening.
13．I hope some day you will find(find) someone who will bring happiness and peace to you.
14．Mary can't be walking outside tomorrow morning because she will be walking(walk) in the office then.
15．More information about the playwrights, including copyright details, will be found(find) at the end of this book.
维度二　语法与写作
1．我们已经拿到了今年夏天去英国短期旅游的签证。到时候我们就可以体验一下不同的文化了。
We've got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. We will be experiencing a different culture then.
2．我明天上午八点钟在校门口等你，希望你不要迟到。
I will/shall be waiting for you at the school gate at 8：00 tomorrow morning, hoping you won't be late.
3．暑假结束后我回到学校时，会告诉你我经历的一切，我真的很期待和你分享我的经历。
I will tell you everything I have experienced when I go back to school after the summer vacation, and I'm really looking forward to sharing my experiences with you.
4．今天下午五点至六点之间不要给我打电话，那时我正在上课。
Don't phone me between 5：00 p．m.and 6：00 p．m.this afternoon. I will be having a class then.
5．想象一下我的九月真的很令人兴奋，那时候我将正在大学里享受新生活。
It's really exciting to imagine my September when I will be enjoying a new life at university.
6．我们明天下午三点将正在举办派对，非常希望你能来！
We will/shall be having a party at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon, and we'd love for you to join us!
7．下周日将在报告厅举办一场英语演讲比赛，有来自不同年级的50多名学生参赛。
An English speech competition will be held in the lecture hall next Sunday, with over 50 students from different grades participating.
8．如果你付出巨大的努力，一年后你将被你的理想大学录取。
If you make great efforts, you will be admitted to your ideal university in one year.
9．按照计划，下周的这个时候我和我的家人将正在黄山享受我们的假期。
As scheduled, my family and I will be enjoying our holiday in Mount Huangshan this time next week.
维度三　语篇练习
I 1.will pay(pay) a visit to China next month. From 13th to 17th June, I 2.will be travelling(travel) down the Yangtze River. On 18th June, I 3.will be visiting(visit) the Yellow Crane Tower. Then, on 19th June, I 4.will be interviewing(interview) some professors. I am sure I 5.will find(find) out lots of interesting facts from them for next month's article.
After the visit I 6.will leave(leave) for Chongqing. From 20th to 22nd June, I 7.will be visiting(visit) some of the best hotels because I 8.will write(write) a report about them in July. Then, on 23rd June, I 9.will fly(fly) to Lhasa. From 24th to 29th June, I 10.will be exploring(explore) some places of interest there. I will return to Beijing on 30th June.
[综合能力提升练]
A
Plastic is everywhere, from the Arctic ice to vital organs in the human body.In fact, previous estimates suggest that the average person swallows a credit card-worth of microscopic plastic particles (颗粒) every week.But new research shows that this could actually be an understatement.
Microplastics are plastics smaller than 5 millimeters, found in industrial waste, beauty products, and formed during the degradation of larger plastic pieces.Over time, they break down into even smaller nanoplastics.These tiny particles can pass through our intestines and lungs into our bloodstreams, reaching vital organs like the heart and brain.
While the idea of eating plastic is unsettling in itself, the major concern here is that these plastic particles contain chemicals that can interrupt our body's natural release of hormones, potentially increasing our risk of reproductive disorders and certain cancers.They can also carry toxins (毒素) on their surface like heavy metals.
In the past, researchers have shown bottled water can contain tens of thousands of identifiable plastic fragments in a single container.However, until recently, only the larger microplastics were detectable with available measuring tools, leaving the area of nanoplastics largely a mystery.
Using Raman microscopy (显微镜学), capable of detecting particles down to the size of a flu virus, the team measured an average of 240，000 particles of plastic per liter of bottled water, 90 percent of which were nanoplastics, a revelation 10 to 100 times larger than previous estimates.
These plastics likely originate from the bottle material, filters used to “purify” the water, and the source water itself.“It is not totally unexpected to find so much of this stuff，” the study's lead author, Columbia graduate student Naixin Qian, said in a statement.His team hopes to expand their research into tap water and other water sources to better inform our exposure to these potentially dangerous particles.“The idea is that the smaller things get, the more of them I reveal，” he added.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究揭示了微塑料和纳米塑料对人体健康的潜在影响。
1．What is the primary focus of the new research
A．The presence of plastic particles.
B．The use of plastic in everyday products.
C．The detection methods for microplastics.
D．The potential risks of nanoplastics to human.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，新研究的焦点是纳米塑料对人体可能造成的风险。
2．What is the advantage of Raman microscopy
A．Finding the source of plastic particles.
B．Helping to cure the deadly flu virus.
C．Detecting the smaller plastic particles.
D．Improving the quality of bottled water.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Using Raman microscopy, capable of detecting particles down to the size of a flu virus”可知，拉曼显微镜学的优势是能够检测到更小的塑料颗粒。
3．Why will the team expand their research into tap water
A．To focus on areas with higher plastic pollution.
B．To be aware of the dangerous particles in daily life.
C．To further measure the types of particles in tap water.
D．To detect the smaller plastic particles in industrial areas.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“His team hopes to expand...exposure to these potentially dangerous particles.”可推知，研究小组将研究扩展到自来水等其他水源是为了让人们意识到在日常生活中面临的颗粒风险。
4．What is Qian's attitude towards his research
A．Skeptical. B．Objective.
C．Conservative. D．Positive.
D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“It is not totally unexpected to find so much of this stuff” 及 “The idea is that the smaller things get, the more of them I reveal” 可推知，钱对他的研究持积极态度。
B
The QR code menu—which you access by scanning a black-and-white square with your smartphone—has taken off.It may dominate going forward.
For restaurants，QR code menus offer potential benefits beyond putting diners who hate germs at greater ease.In the near future, rather than offer the same unchanging selections to every diner, restaurants might employ dynamic menus from which dishes disappear as the kitchen runs out.
For diners, however, QR code menus are not really an advance. You may just be checking to see what you want your next drink to be, but from there it's easy to start checking texts and emails.Even if everyone resists the temptation (诱惑) to check an incoming text message, merely having a phone out on the table makes a meal less fun for all involved. In the study “Smartphone Use Undermines Enjoyment of Face-to-Face Social Interactions”， the social psychology researcher Ryan Dwyer and his colleagues randomly assigned some people to keep their phones out when they were dining with friends and others to put them away.“We found that groups assigned to use their phones enjoyed the experience less than groups that did not use their phones，” Dwyer said, “primarily due to the fact that participants with phones were more distracted.”
QR code menus invade privacy, too.“Many of the codes are actually generated by a different company that collects, uses, and then often shares your personal information，” the American Civil Liberties Union has warned.“In fact, companies that provide QR codes to restaurants like to brag (吹嘘) about all the personal information you are sharing along with that food order：your location, your demographics such as gender and the age group, and other information about you and your behavior.”
The next few years may determine to what degree the restaurant of the future embraces the digital era or conserves the traditional focus on sociability and connection by deliberately avoiding it.There's one thing for sure：their success is not appointed in advance.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。智能手机、移动互联网的出现让信息传播的渠道发生了翻天覆地的变化，点餐过程也随之发生了新的变化。本文介绍了使用二维码菜单点单可能带来的问题。
5．Which kind of menu may a restaurant offer in the near future
A．A paper menu.
B．A clean menu.
C．A changeable menu.
D．A personalized menu.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the near future...restaurants might employ dynamic menus from which dishes disappear as the kitchen runs out.”可知，未来餐馆提供的菜单可能是不断变化的。
6．How does the QR code menu affect diners' dining experience
A．It offers a discount.
B．It takes their attention away.
C．It forces them to check texts.
D．It recommends better drinks.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We found that groups...were more distracted.” 可知，使用二维码菜单会分散食客的注意力。
7．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A．QR code menus will be forbidden.
B．Restaurants tend to share diners' location.
C．Scanning QR code menus may put diners at risk.
D．QR codes aim to collect diners' personal information.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，二维码菜单会侵犯食客的隐私。由此可推知，扫描二维码菜单可能会给食客带来风险。
8．What does the author tend to tell us according to the passage
A．Problems brought by QR code menus.
B．Restaurants' difficulties in the digital era.
C．Technology challenges of QR code menus.
D．Diners' concerns about an invasion of privacy.
A　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了使用二维码菜单的弊端，所以作者主要是通过这篇文章告诉我们二维码菜单带来的问题。
C
What makes people so special Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom.Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes.But the qualities that we often think of as exclusively human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well.
Among the invertebrates (无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality.But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture.Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.
Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others.Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on.Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor.This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families—grandmother, mother, and daughter—all feeding in this highly specialized way.
Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror.When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual.Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months.Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通常被认为是人类独有的一些特征实际上不仅在陆地动物身上有所体现，也体现于海洋动物身上。
9．What does the example of gorillas rejecting carrots show
A．They are not easy to fool.
B．They prefer fruit to vegetables.
C．They have a special taste for food.
D．They have an awareness of equality.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“gorillas have a sense of fair play...when they see their neighbors getting grapes”可知，大猩猩在看到邻居得到葡萄时会拒绝胡萝卜，这表明它们有平等意识。
10．What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins
A．Social interaction. B．Intelligence.
C．Tool using ability. D．Fun-loving spirits.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But these skilled predators live alone...social-group-based predators”可知，与海豚相比，八爪鱼缺乏群体生活中的社会性的互动。
11．What makes dolphin culture special
A．They tend to hunt in groups.
B．Their hunting skills are passed down.
C．Their learning environment is favourable.
D．Their families are typically female-controlled.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This ability is handed down through generations...in this highly specialized way.”可知，海豚的捕食技能代代相传，这使得它们的文化很特别。
12．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror.
B．Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby.
C．Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species.
D．Dolphins' ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When facing a mirror...to look at the mark.”可推知，海豚识别自己镜像的能力是一种高阶的心智技能。
Ⅱ.七选五
How Mobile Technology has Changed Our Lives Forever
The invention of the mobile phone and mobile technology was incredible. 1.________ Here we highlight the most common ones that technology is changing our lives today.
·Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.
The advancement of technology has made communication unbelievably fast and convenient. In the past, writing a letter or finding a wired telephone was the best way to communicate with the people at a distance. 2.________ You can send them a message on social media, text them, have a video chat with them, email them, or give them a call.
·Mobile technology creates the “all-purpose” device.
With many businesses mobile technology has brought about, there are some products that it has made out of date.Now just one device has replaced the portable (便携式的) music player, the alarm clock, the calculator, the camera, the flashlight, the calendar and much more. 3.________
·Mobile technology leads to everpresent distraction.
In many places, it's a common sight to see just about everyone with a mobile phone within his reach.From the first two aspects listed above, that can be useful. 4.________ As mobile technology has become more and more widespread in today's society, research has begun to connect heavy day-to-day use with a number of side effects, the majority of which are related to mental health.
5．________ We should accept that mobile technology is here to stay and improve our lives for the better in spite of its shortcomings.In my opinion, its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages.
A．We cannot ignore its disadvantages.
B．All in all, mobile technology greatly benefits our lives.
C．However, instant access is not always a good thing.
D．While these things do still exist, they are no longer absolutely essential.
E.Nowadays, you are blessed with more efficient options at your fingertips.
F．The conventional way of doing shopping has also changed beyond imagination.
G．Since then, advances in mobile technology have shaped our lives in various ways.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章从生活中几个常见的方面介绍了移动技术给我们的生活带来的改变。
1．G　解析：根据空后一句及下文中的小标题可知，文章接下来具体说明了移动技术在哪些方面改变了我们的生活，空处应引出话题，G项符合语境。
2．E　解析：根据小标题“Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.”可知，这一部分讲述的是移动技术改变了我们的沟通方式。空前一句介绍的是过去的沟通方式，而E项中的Nowadays和上文中的In the past形成对照，并引出下文对现在沟通方式的说明。
3．D　解析：根据空前一句可知，由于移动技术的发展，现在的一种设备可以拥有多种设备的功能。D项中的these things指代上文提到的多种设备。
4．C　解析：根据空后一句可知，此处讲述的是移动设备所带来的副作用。C项中的not always a good thing与下文中的a number of side effects相呼应。
5．B　解析：根据空后一句可知，移动技术虽然有缺点，但对我们的生活还是有利的。B项中的benefits our lives呼应下文中的improve our lives for the better。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·太原五中高二月考)The city of Dunhuang 1.____________(locate) in an oasis (绿洲) in Mogao Caves, which are well-known for 2.____________(they) statues and wall paintings. 3.____________ one of China's oldest treasure house of archaeological relics (遗迹), Dunhuang also witnessed cultural exchanges along the Silk Road.
But over the centuries, wall paintings as well as the statues, 4.____________ were made from clay (黏土) on wood, have faced challenges due to natural damage and human activities.5.____________(protect) the cultural relics, China has been working on digitizing Dunhuang, transforming the buildings into a digital version.
On May 1，2016, the Digital Dunhuang resource database was released, 6.__________(provide) clear images, virtual tours of the caves and so on.By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” 7.____________(complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes, the image processing of 164 grottoes, and the 3D reconstruction of many cultural relics.
Digital technology has enabled us to visit Dunhuang online in 8.____________ innovative way.It has also made the cultural relics of Dunhuang 9.____________(access) to the whole world.Nowadays “Digital Dunhuang” is visited by people who show great 10.______________(curious) about Chinese cultural heritage in different countries and regions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍近年来敦煌市一直致力于保护珍贵的壁画和雕像，推行数字化工程，并取得了重大的成就。
1．is located　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The city of Dunhuang为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数；且be located in为固定搭配，意为“坐落于……”。
2．their　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰statues and wall paintings，应用形容词性物主代词。
3．As　解析：考查介词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处应用as表示“作为”，位于句首，首字母大写。
4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wall paintings as well as the statues，先行词为物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。
5．To protect　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。位于句首，首字母大写。
6．providing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，the Digital Dunhuang resource database与provide之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。
7．had completed　解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语By the end of 2021可知，空处表示的动作在2021年的年底之前已经完成，应用过去完成时。
8．an　解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处表示泛指，且innovative的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
9．accessible　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作宾语补足语。
10．curiosity　解析：考查名词。空处被great修饰，作show的宾语，应用名词形式。Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study
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What's the main idea of the text
A．A dialogue between an editor and an expert.
B．Talking about the usage of virtual reality.
C．An interview about virtual reality.
D．Talking about the future of virtual reality.
答案：C
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答案：1.definition　2.works　3.applications
4．barriers　5.development　6.future　7.ending
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1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text
A．VR technology can make our dreams come true.
B．5G technology can promote the use of VR.
C．VR technology can help us do almost everything.
D．Our imagination limited the development of VR.
2．Which of the following descriptions are the applications of VR in medicine according to the text
①train new surgeons
②test new techniques safely
③treat anxiety and drug addiction
④help doctors work at home
A．②③④ B．①③④
C．①②④ D．①②③
3．What are the major barriers to the development of VR
A．How to use VR efficiently for ordinary people.
B．What to do by using VR.
C．Time, cost and technical limitations.
D．Some people don't understand VR.
4．What's Frank's attitude toward the future of VR
A．Optimistic. B．Negative.
C．Unconcerned. D．Unsure.
答案：1～4.BDCA
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VR(virtual reality), just like its name，1.means(mean) reality that is not real.Though you know the sensory information 2.surrounding(surround) you is not real, part of your brain believes it is and acts 3.accordingly(according).VR can be used in many fields, education, for example.Academic VR enables students 4.to interact(interact) with others in a 3D environment.In medicine, VR can help surgeons practice operating on a virtual “twin” before operating 5.on the real person.It can also help train new surgeons.
VR has a variety 6.of applications in our daily life.Some game systems allow players 7.to put(put) on a special headset and they will enter virtual environments and play against either real or virtual 8.opponents(opponent).It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive 3D exhibitions become common.VR is also being introduced to help people do shopping and select travel destinations.In both of these cases, VR will help people make more 9.informed(inform) choices.
Though there are some barriers to the development of VR, it is promising.Especially during this age 10.when technology is developing fast, everything is possible.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．drone n. A．对……微调
2．spy vi. B．性别
3．headset n. C．耳机
4．immersive adj. D．(计算机系统或图
像)沉浸式虚拟现实的
5．fine－tune vt. E．酒吧，酒馆
6．gender n. F．无人驾驶飞机
7．pub n. G．从事间谍活动
答案：1～5.FGCDA　6～7.BE
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．the distribution of medicines
　　 药物的分发
2．greatly decrease road traffic
大大减少了道路车流量
3．in large quantities　 大量
4．one highlight of the fair
展会最精彩的部分之一
5．a feeling of proud and justified superiority
一种自豪感和正当的优越感
6．be equipped with sensors
配备传感器
7．a virtual “twin” 一个虚拟的“双胞胎”
8．virtual reality clone 虚拟现实复制品
9．some barriers to the development
发展的一些障碍
10．at the expense of fashion
在牺牲时尚的情况下
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．definition n．定义；释义，解释→define vt.给……下定义；解释；界定
2．practical adj.实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的→practically adv. 实际地→practice n.实践；练习→(反义词)impractical adj.不切实际的；不现实的
3．academic adj.教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的→academy n．学院；学会；学术团体；院校
4．engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→engaged adj.忙碌的；已订婚的；被占用的→engagement n．订婚；雇用；参与
5．initial adj.最初的，开始的 n．首字母→initially adv.最初；开始
6．optimistic adj.乐观的，抱乐观看法的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义
7．annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰→annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的→annoying adj.令人恼怒的→annoyance n．恼怒；烦恼
8．globe n．球体，球状物；地球仪；地球，世界→global adj.全球的；全世界的→globally adv.全球地；世界上
9．envy n．& vt.羡慕，忌妒→envious adj.羡慕的，忌妒的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．Education, quite rightly, is currently at the forefront of (处于最前列) the political agenda.
2．On a clear night, we can see a host of (许多) stars in the sky.
3．The whole issue will probably boil down to (归结为) parental responsibility.
4．In terms of (就……而言) this severe traffic accident, the police had figured out the cause of the case and it was the driver of the lorry that was to blame.
5．You must keep in mind (记住) that there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world, so don't be lazy and hate work.
6．Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of (在牺牲……的情况下) the environment.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“What if...？”意为“如果……会怎么样？”
What if (如果……会怎么样) I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient？(Para.6)
2．as well as意为“和；也；除……之外；和……一样”
It sounds like VR will be a life-changing technology as well as a life-saving one (也是一项拯救生命的技术).(Para.7)
3. before引导时间状语从句
It won't be long before (不久之后) virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.(Para.8)
4．what引导主语从句
What excites me the most (最让我兴奋的是) is that young people today are digital citizens who are comfortable with technology.(Para.12)
[分析]　此句中还含有that引导的表语从句；who引导的定语从句。
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　　distribution n.分发，分送；分配，分布
【经典例句】 The distribution of rainfall varies significantly from region to region.
降雨分布在各地区之间存在显著差异。
distribute vt. 分发；分配
distribute...to... 把……分给……
distribute...among... 在……中分发……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)They donated lots of food and clothes to that rural area and some volunteers helped to distribute them to/among those in need.
(2)At the end of the meeting, the key focus of the marketing mix will be on price and distribution(distribute).
(3)我告诉那些国际学生，茶广泛分布在我国各地。
I told those international students that tea is widely distributed all over our country．
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　　decrease vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低　n．减少；降低；减少量
【经典例句】
①(教材P48)This could not only save time, but also greatly decrease road traffic.
这不仅能节省时间，而且大大减少了道路车流量。
②(外研选必二U5)But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130，000 to around 10，000, it also meant less food for the cats.
虽然该病毒导致兔子的数量从13万只减少到1万只左右，但这也意味着猫的食物减少了。
(1)decrease/increase by... 减少/增加了……
decrease/increase (from...) to...
(从……)减少/增加到……
(2)on the decrease/increase 在减少/增加
a decrease/increase in... 在……方面减少/增加
【单句语法填空/语段填空/词汇升级】
(1)These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
(2)The number of people owning private cars is on the increase in this country. By the end of last year, the number had increased to 80 million，while the number of people buying Japanese cars had decreased by 20%.
(3)It is reported that as a result of the appearance of smartphones the number of people who read magazines is decreasing.
→It is reported that as a result of the appearance of smartphones the number of people who read magazines is on the decrease．
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　　quantity n.数量；数额
【经典例句】
①(教材P49)When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large quantities, the sky is getting more and more crowded.
当大量载人无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空变得越来越拥挤。
②The Great Wall is a world famous tourist destination attracting a large quantity of tourists from home and abroad every year.
长城是举世闻名的旅游景点，每年吸引着大量的国内外游客。
a large/small quantity of　　 大/少量的
quantities of 大量的；许多的
in quantity/in large quantities 大量地
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)As a result of destroying the forests，quantities of desert have covered(cover) the land in the last few years.
(2)A large quantity of food has been contributed(contribute) to the children in the countryside since then.
(3)当你大批量购买商品时，通常每个商品的价格会更优惠。
When you buy goods in quantity/in large quantities, you often get a better price per item.
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“a quantity of ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致；而 “quantities of ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
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　　engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系
【经典例句】
①(教材P53)By delivering the content in a meaningful way, this new approach to learning manages to engage students' interest and enhance learning efficiency.
通过用一种富有意义的方式来呈现内容， 这种新的学习方式能够吸引学生的兴趣，提高学习效率。
②I am going to engage myself in reading history books for I want to major in history in college.　我将致力于阅读历史书，因为我想在大学主修历史。
(1)engage (sb./oneself) in (doing) sth. (使某人)参与(做)某事
engage with 交战；与……接触；
与……建立密切关系
(2)engaged adj. 已订婚的；被占用的；
使用中的
be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚
be engaged in 从事于；忙于
(3)engagement n. 订婚；婚约；约会
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)(2024·浙江卷1月)In the course of a couple of hours, he showed me just how much one can gain from traveling with an open mind, and a willingness to engage with locals from all walks of life.
(2)She is engaged to a wonderful man who she met during her studies abroad.
(3)Although I am engaged in my homework, I still spare half an hour to read the English newspaper every day.
→Engaged in my homework, I still spare half an hour to read the English newspaper every day.(形容词短语作状语)
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　　annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰
【经典例句】
①(教材P55)Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling
当你旅行时看到汽车像杂草一样堵塞道路，你会生气吗？
②(2023·全国甲卷)That may be annoying to some people.　这对一些人来说可能很烦人。
(1)annoy sb.with sth.　 因某事使某人恼怒
(2)annoyed adj. 感到恼火的；觉得生气的
be/get annoyed with sb. 对某人生气
(3)annoying adj. 使人不高兴的；恼人的
(4)annoyance n. 烦恼
to one's annoyance 让某人生气的是
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)The manager was annoyed with me because I made a big mistake in my work.
(2)(2023·全国甲卷)You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying(annoy) situations.应用文写作之建议信
(3)这周腾不出时间多看会儿书让我很烦恼。
To my annoyance, I didn't have time to do more reading this week.
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　　expense n.费用；花费；开销；代价
【经典例句】 Living in the city comes with high expenses, especially rent and transportation.
在城市生活的开销很大，尤其是房租和交通费用。
spare no expense　　　 不惜代价
at one's expense 由某人付钱
at the expense of... 在牺牲(或损害)……
的情况下
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)We were taken out for a meal at the company's expense.
(2)Too often, when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”．
(3)我不惜代价地去收集毕加索的画。
I spare no expense to collect the paintings by Picasso.
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　　envy n.& vt.羡慕，忌妒
【经典例句】
①(教材P55)We have designs for different ages, genders and occasions, so you will be the envy of all your friends wherever you go—from pubs to offices.
我们有针对不同年龄、性别和场合的设计，所以无论你去哪里——从酒馆到办公室，你都会成为所有朋友羡慕的对象。
②How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！
(1)out of envy 出于羡慕/忌妒
feel envy at... 对……忌妒/羡慕
with envy 羡慕地；忌妒地
be the envy of sb. 是某人羡慕/忌妒的对象
(2)envy sb.(for) sth. 羡慕/忌妒某人有某物
envy sb.doing sth. 羡慕/忌妒某人做某事
(3)envious adj. 羡慕的，忌妒的
be envious of 羡慕……；忌妒……
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)They argue that being envious of another's achievements is painful.
(2)Someone feels envy at your learning English so easily.
(3)Welcome to one of the largest collections of footwear (鞋类) in the world that will make you green with envy.
(4)奥运冠军是所有运动员羡慕的对象。
A champion of the Olympic Games is the envy of all athletes.
(5)我十分羡慕你的成功。
I quite envy you (for) your success．
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　　“What if...？”意为“如果……会怎么样？”
【经典例句】
①(教材P53)What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
如果我告诉你，医生可以创造一个虚拟的“双胞胎”，以便在尝试给病人做手术之前先进行一个精细的手术练习会怎么样？
②(外研必修一U4)What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered
如果写信是从远方的朋友那里获得消息的唯一途径，且信要很久才能送达又会怎么样呢？
“What if...？”常用于提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等，意为“如果……会怎么样？”，后面经常跟一般现在时，有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。
相似句型：
(1)How come...？　　 怎么会……？
(2)What for 为什么？为何目的？
(3)So what 那又怎么样？
(4)What/How about... ……怎么样？
(5)What's up？(＝What's the matter？)
怎么了？
【完成句子/句型转换】
(1)这就是我对成长的理解。你呢？
Such is my understanding about growing up.What/How about yours
(2)就算其他人不同意我的观点，那又怎么样？
So what if nobody else agrees with me
(3)你怎么会没有邀请他参加晚会？他是你未来的老板。
How come you didn't invite him to the party He is your future boss.
(4)要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？看上去会不会好一些？
What if we moved the sofa over here？Would that look better
(5)为什么呢？你的英文跟我一样好。
What for？Your English is as good as mine.
(6)If I fall sick and can't work, what shall I do
→What if I fall sick and can't work
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　　before引导时间状语从句
【经典例句】
①(教材P54)It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.
不久之后，虚拟博物馆和交互式三维展览将变得普遍。
②(外研选必一U6)The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.
(火车)一路疾驰，不知不觉中，我们已经到达唐古拉站。
(1)before作连词引导时间状语从句时，意为“在……之前；……之后才……；不多久就……”。
(2)before构成的句型主要有：
It was/will be＋时间段＋before...
　多长时间后就/才……
It wasn't/won't be＋时间段＋before...
不久就/才……
It was not long before＋从句 不久就……
It will not be long before＋从句
　不久就会…… (主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时)
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records.
(2)没过多久简就意识到她在陌生的森林里迷路了，这使她如坐针毡。但是她不断地安慰自己，“用不了多久，我的朋友就会找到我。”
It wasn't long before Jane sensed that she got lost in the unfamiliar forest, which made her feel like sitting on pins and needles. But she constantly comforted herself, “It won't be long before my friend finds me.”
读后续写之心理描写
(3)时光飞逝！一个星期后你就要回到你自己的国家了。我希望你能记住我们共同度过的美好时光以及建立的友谊。
How time flies！It will be a week before you go back to your own country. I hope you will remember the good times we have shared and the friendship we have established.
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Forecasters say the storms may not be as bad as they initially(initial) predicted.
2．If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed(annoy), you may be onto something.
3．When Mary appeared on the stage, they looked at her with envy.
4．What they want boils down to just one thing.It is land.
5．A race is defined as a class of individuals with common characteristics.
6．It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment.
Ⅱ.完成句子/一句多译
1．她事业成功，还保持了幸福的家庭生活。
She succeeded in her career as well as maintaining a happy family life．
2．最重要的不是结果，而是你付出的努力。(what引导主语从句)
What matters most is not the result, but the effort you put in.
3．如果我们误了航班怎么办？我们就得重新安排整个行程。
What if we miss the flight？We'll have to reschedule the entire trip.
4．不知不觉中，为期两个月的暑假就已经过去了。(before引导时间状语从句)
Two-month summer vacation has passed before I know it．
5．每年有大量塑料垃圾被倾倒进海洋，威胁海洋生物。
(1)Large quantities of plastic waste are poured into the ocean each year, threatening marine life.
(2)A large quantity of plastic waste is poured into the ocean each year, threatening marine life.

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