资源简介

高效作业16必修第三册　Unit 5　The Value of Money
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2026·金华模拟] The much anticipated annual theatrical show in AMNS International School is just around the corner. This year's show features diverse storytelling and the incredible talents of our students.
Performance Line Up
The show will open with a lively musical medley(联唱) that travels through different decades of musical theater history. From the jazz inspired numbers of the 1920s to the rock influenced songs of the modern era, this medley is sure to get the audience's toes tapping.
Following the musical opening, there will be a series of one act plays. The Little Match Girl will be reimagined in a modern day urban setting, highlighting the theme of hope. Another play, A Meeting of Minds, is a fictionalized account of a conversation between famous historical figures, exploring their different viewpoints on art, science, and society.
New Additions
For the first time, the show will include freestyle theater. Students from the drama club will take on audience suggested themes and create instant performances right on the spot. This addition aims to show the students' quick thinking abilities and their talent for on the fly creativity.
Technical Aspects
The technical crew has been working hard to ensure a smooth show. State of the art lighting will be used to create the perfect mood for each performance. The sound system has been upgraded to provide crystal clear audio, whether it's the soft whispers of the actors or the powerful notes of a musical number.
Show Schedule
The show will be held in the school's main auditorium(礼堂) on April 20th and 21st. There will be three shows each day: at 10:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m., and 7:00 p.m.
(　 　)1.What can we expect from the opening performance of the annual theatrical show
A.A reimagined classic play.
B.A series of one act plays.
C.A musical journey through different eras.
D.A conversation between historical figures.
(　 　)2.What is special about the freestyle theater in this year's show
A.It is performed by different clubs.
B.It involves audience participation.
C.It is based on well known fiction.
D.It will be the closing act of the show.
(　 　)3.Why have the lighting and sound system been upgraded
A.To reduce electricity expenses.
B.To test the latest audio technology.
C.To make the auditorium more decorative.
D.To improve the effect of the performances.
B
[2025·北京卷] The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better.
For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives.
Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, when we begin to organize our lives into chapters around key events or life changes, and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and, to a varying extent, the story's author. People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too.
Johnson has also investigated the link between well being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person's mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story.
Lisa Green, another researcher, sounds a few notes of caution(谨慎). For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive(拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.
If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on 1st January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money or getting fit, there is no better time to become the author of your own destiny(命运).
(　 　)4.What can be inferred about personal stories
A.They are unrelated to health.
B.Consistent ones lead to stress.
C.They are relevant to happiness.
D.Thematic ones hold back change.
(　 　)5.What can we learn from this passage
A.Talking about gains from failure is negative.
B.New Year resolutions are well received.
C.The West tends to overvalue optimism.
D.Social roles fail to be highlighted.
(　 　)6.What does the author mainly do in this passage
A.Clarify a goal.
B.Analyze an event.
C.Make a comparison.
D.Illustrate an approach.
(　 　)7.What is the passage mainly about
A.How self identity works.
B.How story tellers are made.
C.How personal stories raise doubts.
D.How timing affects personal identity.
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2026·合肥模拟] I grew up in a family where academic success was everything. My parents, both university professors, had my future 　1　 planned: from a top high school to the Ivy League, and then to a career as a lawyer. I followed the script perfectly until sophomore year, when a community theater poster 　2　 my path.
During rehearsals for Romeo and Juliet, I discovered an unexpected passion. Memorizing lines felt 　3　 than solving math equations. The stage became my escape from 　4　. But when my parents found out, their 　5　 was sharp: “This is a distraction.”
Despite their disapproval, I still kept going to practice. However, I was not as confident as I used to be. One night, my drama teacher 　6　 my trembling hands. “You have real talent,” she said, handing me an audition flyer(试镜传单). I hesitated—the audition 　7　 with a crucial exam. Ultimately, I 　8　 to follow my heart.
Weeks later, standing nervously backstage, I realized this wasn't just about acting. It was about 　9　 my voice. The performance was far from perfect—I 　10　 a line in Act 2—but the audience's applause felt more 　11　 than any test score.
Now as a theater major, I understand: Life isn't about 　12　 others' expectations. True success means having the 　13　 to write your own story. Even my parents finally 　14　 that my choice brought unexpected growth. Looking back, that torn theater poster was the 　15　 of my true self.
(　 　)1.A.neatly B.vaguely
C.roughly D.blindly
(　 　)2.A.blocked B.recorded
C.widened D.altered
(　 　)3.A.heavier B.smoother
C.duller D.riskier
(　 　)4.A.approval B.curiosity
C.pressure D.boredom
(　 　)5.A.reaction B.ambition
C.tradition D.conclusion
(　 　)6.A.ignored B.questioned
C.noticed D.released
(　 　)7.A.conflicted B.cooperated
C.contrasted D.combined
(　 　)8.A.pretended B.refused
C.regretted D.chose
(　 　)9.A.losing B.finding
C.hiding D.doubting
(　 　)10.A.criticized B.wrote
C.translated D.forgot
(　 　)11.A.artificial B.formal
C.genuine D.awkward
(　 　)12.A.setting B.avoiding
C.meeting D.lowering
(　 　)13.A.courage B.wealth
C.luck D.fame
(　 　)14.A.resisted B.predicted
C.denied D.admitted
(　 　)15.A.obstacle B.beginning
C.ending D.routine
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2026·福州模拟] In the late 18th century, a form of drama gained widespread popularity in Paris and Marseilles. This art form was inspired by traditional Chinese shadow play dating back over 2,000 years, which, often 1.　 　(refer) to as the world's earliest “movie art”, combines live performance with voice effects.
By the Song Dynasty, it 2.　 　(grow) into a highly developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. During the Ming Dynasty, shadow play became 3.　 　 most popular form of entertainment, especially in cities like Beijing. Even today, its influence can still be seen in modern film making, 4.　 　(shape) how stories are told.
Creating shadow play puppets(木偶) requires both choice 5.　 　(material) and skills. Donkey hide(驴皮) is carved into the heads, limbs and bodies of the figures, then painted and joined using threads and links. The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, 6.　 　 in its live performance, 7.　 　 a team of puppeteers(操纵木偶的人), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. During the performance, as light shines on the human figures, vivid shadows 8.　 　(project) onto a screen. The puppeteers, standing behind the screen, move the figures with bamboo sticks, while the narrators sing and the musicians play instruments like drums and gongs. 9.　 　 the opposite side, audiences see the figures on the screen come to life through the shadows, whose movements are so 10.　 　(express) that people forget they're just watching shadows. 高效作业13必修第三册　Unit 2　Morals and Virtues(见学生用书P25)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[2026·衢州模拟] Always busy “doing” things If so, you may be suffering from “toxic productivity”, a destructive rather than productive behavior.
I imagine you're thinking, “Productivity must be good, right ” But toxic productivity, in contrast with regular productivity, is an excessive need to always be productive, regardless of the cost to your health, relationships, and life.
If you're driven to continuously “produce” or “do” things, whether at work or at home, the results are frequently not your best—they're usually delivered without any delay and without sufficient forethought, analysis, planning or reflection. And if, in the doing, you're also exhausted and burned out—or feeling guilty for not doing more or better—you are very likely suffering from toxic productivity.
Often, I see coaching clients who have a challenge in front of them, and their first response is to do something, at once. Anything. They don't want to sit with the problem, they don't want to think about it, and nor do they want to take time to reflect on any options for action. All they want to do is hear what the issue is—sometimes without even fully understanding it—and then quickly get straight on with the “doing”. Whatever their reason, these clients, like many people, just want to get on and “do”—even if this means getting poorer results.
There are all sorts of reasons for this toxic productivity. Number one is that “doing” often feels more comfortable than “not doing”. There's often a firm belief that action speaks louder than words and that it's a virtue to act fast. In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive. There is also a competitive culture among junior staff wanting to stand out as keen, hard working workers in order to progress in their careers. And thus, a culture of toxic productivity can develop throughout an organization.
(　A　)1.How is toxic productivity different from regular productivity
A.It is harmful.
B.It is flexible.
C.It is more efficient.
D.It is more time consuming.
(　B　)2.Who are most likely to suffer from toxic productivity
A.Clients avoiding challenges.
B.Junior staff eager to stand out.
C.Leaders satisfied with their success.
D.Workers reflecting on options before acting.
(　C　)3.What is the main reason for toxic productivity
A.A strong desire for success.
B.Too much emphasis on virtues.
C.A cultural preference for action.
D.Too much pressure from others.
(　A　)4.Which of the following best describes toxic productivity
A.Doing is undoing.
B.The sooner, the better.
C.Enough is enough.
D.Better safe than sorry.
【文本大意】文章主要探讨了“有毒生产力”的概念及其对个人和组织的负面影响。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But toxic productivity, in contrast with regular productivity, is an excessive need to always be productive, regardless of the cost to your health, relationships, and life.(但与正常的生产力相比,有毒生产力是一种不惜以健康、人际关系和生活为代价,一味追求生产力的过度需求。)”可知,有毒生产力是有害的。故选 A。
2.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In the workplace, for example, leaders want to... And thus, a culture of toxic productivity can develop throughout an organization.(例如,在职场中,领导者想要证明自己是成功的,而他们通常将这种成功与生产力联系起来。新员工之间也存在一种竞争文化,他们想要通过表现出自己的热情和努力工作来脱颖而出,以便在职业生涯中取得进步。因此,一种有毒的生产力文化可能会在整个组织中形成。)”可知,新员工为了在职场中脱颖而出,往往更容易陷入有毒生产力的陷阱。故选 B。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There's often a firm belief that action speaks louder than words and that it's a virtue to act fast. In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive.(人们通常坚信行动胜于言语,快速行动是一种美德。例如,在职场中,领导者想要证明自己是成功的,而他们通常将这种成功与生产力联系起来。)”可知,有毒生产力的主要原因是一种对行动的文化偏好。故选 C。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“All they want to do is hear what the issue is... even if this means getting poorer results.(他们想做的就是听到问题是什么——有时甚至没有完全理解它——然后迅速直接‘做’。不管他们的原因是什么,这些客户和许多人一样,只是想要继续‘做’——即使这意味着得到更差的结果。)”可知,有毒生产力的特点是过度强调“做”,“Doing is undoing(做就是不做)”最能描述有毒生产力的本质。故选 A。
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2026·南通模拟] We tend to think that our success is limited because of lack of money, time, and energy, but this is not necessarily true. Lack of self worth is often the biggest roadblock on our path to living a fulfilling life. Not all of us recognize our individual worth and the contributions we make to the world. 1.　G　
It might seem natural to measure your value by your income, physical appearance, job title, or social media popularity. 2.　C　 Because these aspects of your life can change at any moment, it's more useful to consider inner values such as compassion, generosity, leadership, respect, and kindness. 3.　A　 We all have a self talk that points out our shortcomings and failures. Whenever you begin criticizing yourself, stop and pause for a minute. Consider the virtue of what this voice is telling you. Is what you hear an objective fact Is it useful and kind If the answer is no, then this criticism is not worth paying attention to.
You alone are responsible for your self worth. Regardless of other people's words, thoughts, and opinions about you, you can still choose how you view yourself. 4.　B　 Don't wait for people to confirm your value. Instead, do it with your internal dialogue and your action.
We all mess up sometimes—it's part of being human. 5.　D　 It's easy to extend kindness and forgiveness to others, but you have to do yourself the same favor. There's no point in worrying about your mistakes or upsetting over the not so good decisions from the past. Self compassion is about believing that you are worthy of love regardless of what you do or fail to do.
A.Don't let your inner critic rule your thoughts.
B.What matters is what you think about yourself.
C.All these do not determine your value and self worth.
D.But when you do, you must forgive yourself and let it go.
E.Treat yourself with the love and care that others give you.
F.Pay attention to the perceptions about where you should be.
G.Nevertheless, you can build self worth by practicing self care.
【文本大意】文章主要讨论了自我价值感对于实现充实生活的重要性,并反驳了人们常因金钱、时间和精力的缺乏而认为自己无法成功的观点。
1.G　上文“Not all of us recognize our individual worth and the contributions we make to the world.(并非我们所有人都能认识到自己的个人价值以及我们对世界所做出的贡献。)”提到很多人没有意识到自己的个人价值和对世界的贡献。G项“Nevertheless, you can build self worth by practicing self care.(然而,你可以通过自我关怀来建立自我价值感。)”与上文形成转折,引出下文关于如何建立自我价值感的内容。故选G。
2.C　上文“It might seem natural to measure your value by your income, physical appearance, job title, or social media popularity.(通过你的收入、外貌、职位头衔或社交媒体上的受欢迎程度来衡量你的价值,这似乎是很自然的事情。)”提到人们常通过收入、外貌等衡量自身价值。C项“All these do not determine your value and self worth.(但所有这些都不能决定你的价值和自我价值感。)”与上文形成转折,指出这些不能决定自身价值。选项中“All these”指的是上文提到的“your income, physical appearance, job title, or social media popularity”。故选C。
3.A　下文“We all have a self talk that points out our shortcomings and failures. Whenever you begin criticizing yourself, stop and pause for a minute. Consider the virtue of what this voice is telling you. Is what you hear an objective fact Is it useful and kind If the answer is no, then this criticism is not worth paying attention to.(我们都有一个自我对话的声音,会指出我们的缺点和失败。每当你开始批评自己时,停下来,停顿一分钟。思考一下这个声音告诉你的东西的价值所在。你听到的是客观事实吗 它有用且友善吗 如果答案是否定的,那么这种批评就不值得关注。)”提到我们内心会有指出缺点和失败的声音,当开始批评自己时要停下来思考。A项“Don't let your inner critic rule your thoughts.(不要让你内心的批评之声主宰你的思想。)”与下文内容相符,指出我们不能让内心的批评之声主宰自己的思想,要停下来思考。故选A。
4.B　上文“Regardless of other people's words, thoughts, and opinions about you, you can still choose how you view yourself.(不管别人对你有怎样的言语、想法和观点,你仍然可以选择如何看待自己。)”提到不管别人的想法,我们应该选择如何看待自己。B项“What matters is what you think about yourself.(重要的是你对自己的看法。)”承接上文内容,指出自己对自己的看法才是最重要的。故选B。
5.D　根据上文“We all mess up sometimes—it's part of being human.(我们有时都会把事情弄糟——这是人之常情。)”可知,我们犯错是人之常情。而空后“It's easy to extend kindness and forgiveness to others, but you have to do yourself the same favor.(向他人表达善意和宽容很容易,但你也必须同样善待自己。)”说明对自己也要像对别人一样给予善意和原谅。D项“But when you do, you must forgive yourself and let it go.(但当你犯错时,你必须原谅自己,然后放下。)”与上下文内容相符,指出犯错是正常的,我们应该原谅自己。故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2026·洛阳模拟] In a seemingly divided world, we often overlook daily small acts of kindness. However, the quiet power of assisting others can profoundly　1　 both the receivers and us. A recent 　2　 in a busy city vividly 　3　 the truth.
One afternoon, as commuters(通勤者) desperately 　4　 through a busy train station, an elderly man suddenly collapsed. During the 　5　, a young woman named Emily immediately stepped forward. She 　6　 close to the man, 　7　 assessing the situation, and 　8　 someone nearby to call for medical help. While others 　9　, Emily stayed with the old man, reassuring him until paramedics arrived.
Later, when asked why she acted so quickly, Emily simply said, “I couldn't just 　10　. Assisting others is what makes us human.” Her 　11　 really hit me hard, reminding us that compassion is not just a virtue but a fundamental part of who we are.
Emily's action didn't just save a life; it also 　12　 those around her. Witnesses to the event later shared how her selflessness moved them to be more 　13　 when noticing someone in need. One bystander even started volunteering at a local shelter, citing Emily's example as his motivation.
This story makes a powerful truth obvious: Assisting others is not just about grand gestures. It's about the small but decisive 　14　 we make every day—to listen, to care, and to act. In a world that often seems 　15　, these acts of kindness to strangers remind us of our shared humanity and the potential we all have to make a difference.
(　C　)1.A.comfort B.inform
C.affect D.heal
(　A　)2.A.encounter B.performance
C.trend D.campaign
(　D　)3.A.recovered B.denied
C.clarified D.proved
(　B　)4.A.walked B.hurried
C.searched D.skipped
(　A　)5.A.chaos B.conflict
C.disaster D.accident
(　B　)6.A.rested B.knelt
C.posed D.stood
(　D　)7.A.objectively B.secretly
C.cautiously D.calmly
(　A　)8.A.instructed B.encouraged
C.persuaded D.reminded
(　D　)9.A.argued B.emerged
C.complained D.hesitated
(　C　)10.A.try out B.drop in
C.stand by D.settle down
(　A　)11.A.words B.honesty
C.decisions D.courage
(　C　)12.A.promoted B.convinced
C.inspired D.secured
(　B　)13.A.forgiving B.attentive
C.understanding D.cooperative
(　C　)14.A.breakthroughs B.suggestions
C.choices D.predictions
(　D　)15.A.delightful B.hopeless
C.promising D.disconnected
【文本大意】文章通过讲述在繁忙的火车站,一位老人突然晕倒,年轻女子Emily迅速伸出援手救助老人这一事件,说明了帮助他人的小善举能对他人和社会产生深远影响,提醒人们在看似冷漠的世界里,善良能让我们感受到人性的温暖和力量。
1.C　句意:然而,帮助他人这种微小的力量却能深刻地影响到接受帮助的人和我们自己。A. comfort安慰;B. inform通知;C. affect影响;D. heal 治愈。故选C。
2.A　句意:最近在一个繁忙城市里的一次经历生动地证明了这一真理。A. encounter遭遇,经历;B. performance表演;C. trend趋势;D. campaign 运动,活动。故选A。
3.D　句意同上。A. recover恢复;B. deny否认;C. clarify澄清;D. prove 证明。故选D。
4.B　句意:一天下午,当通勤者们急切地匆匆穿过一个繁忙的火车站时,一位老人突然晕倒了。A. walk走;B. hurry匆忙;C. search搜索;D. skip跳过。故选B。
5.A　句意:在混乱中,一位名叫Emily的年轻女子立即走上前去。A. chaos 混乱;B. conflict冲突;C. disaster灾难;D. accident事故。故选A。
6.B　句意:她跪在老人旁边,冷静地评估情况,并指示附近的人打电话寻求医疗帮助。A. rest休息;B. kneel跪下;C. pose摆姿势;D. stand站立。故选B。
7.D　句意同上。A. objectively客观地;B. secretly秘密地;C. cautiously 谨慎地;D. calmly冷静地。故选D。
8.A　句意同第6小题。A. instruct指示;B. encourage鼓励;C. persuade 说服;D. remind提醒。故选A。
9.D　句意:当其他人犹豫时,Emily一直陪着老人,安慰他,直到护理人员到达。A. argue争论;B. emerge出现;C. complain抱怨;D. hesitate 犹豫。故选D。
10.C　句意:后来,当被问到为什么她行动如此迅速时,Emily只是说:“我不能只是袖手旁观。帮助他人是我们作为人类的本质。” A. try out试验;B. drop in顺便拜访;C. stand by袖手旁观;D. settle down定居。故选C。
11.A　句意:她的话真的让我深受触动,提醒我们同情不仅仅是一种美德,而是我们作为人的一个基本部分。A. words话;B. honesty诚实;C. decision决定;D. courage勇气。故选A。
12.C　句意:Emily的行为不仅拯救了一条生命,也激励了她周围的人。A. promote促进;B. convince使信服;C. inspire激励;D. secure保护。故选C。
13.B　句意:事件的目击者后来分享说,她的无私让他们在注意到有人需要帮助时更加留意。A. forgiving宽容的;B. attentive注意的,关注的;C. understanding理解的;D. cooperative合作的。故选B。
14.C　句意:这个故事揭示了一个深刻的真理:帮助他人不仅仅是伟大的举动。它关乎我们每天做出的那些微小但关键的选择——去倾听、去关心、去行动。A. breakthrough突破;B. suggestion建议;C. choice 选择;D. prediction预测。故选C。
15.D　句意:在一个常常看似冷漠的世界里,这些对陌生人的善举提醒我们,我们有着共同的人性,以及我们都拥有为世界带来改变的潜力。A. delightful令人愉快的;B. hopeless绝望的;C. promising有前途的;D. disconnected分离的,断开的,无关联的,这里引申为冷漠的。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·全国甲卷] For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 1.　to teach　(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well known Aesop's fables date to the 2.　sixth　(six) century, B.C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3.　as　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone(口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4.　where　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,5.　borrowing　(borrow) some familiar words from many age old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6.　intended　(intend) for everyone.
7.　Different　(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.　for　 saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9.　warning　(warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.　be employed　(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【文本大意】文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
1.to teach　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“几千年来,人们讲寓言以传授道理或传承智慧”,因此用不定式作目的状语。or后的to pass也是提示信息。故填to teach。
2.sixth　考查数词。根据空前的the可知,此处用six的序数词sixth。故填sixth。
3.as　考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知,此处需用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句,用来指代整个主句的内容,表示“正如……”。故填as。
4.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词town,非限制性定语从句中缺少地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5.borrowing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词begins,所以此处需用borrow的非谓语动词形式。borrow与其逻辑主语her fable之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
6.intended　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,intend需用非谓语动词形式;be intended for为固定短语,意为“为……而设计”,此处省略be动词,用过去分词作后置定语。故填intended。
7.Different　考查形容词。此处表示“与……不同”,用形容词different,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Different。
8.for　考查介词。take responsibility for为固定短语,意为“对……负责”。故填for。
9.warning　考查名词。根据空前不定冠词a可知,此处用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
10.be employed　考查语态。从句主语a simple literary form与employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。高效作业15必修第三册　Unit 4　Space Exploration(见学生用书P29)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[2026·长沙模拟] For any astronaut hoping to survive on the surface of the moon, growing crops will be essential. Now, scientists have taken “one small step” toward growing plants on the lunar surface, after showing it's possible to grow thale cress, a small flowering plant, in lunar soil. The findings raise hopes that plants could be grown on the moon during future space missions, and even enable mankind to set up a lunar settlement. “For future longer space missions, we may use the moon as a launching platform,” explained Professor Rob Ferl. “It makes sense that we would want to use the soil that's already there to grow plants.”
While previous studies have dusted plants with lunar soil to test for organisms, until now, scientists have not grown plants in the soil. “So, what happens when you grow plants in lunar soil What would plants do in a lunar greenhouse Could we have lunar farmers ” Professor Ferl questioned.
To answer these questions, researchers from Florida set out to plant thale cress seeds in lunar soil, add water, nutrients, and light, and see what happened. The researchers chose to use thale cress because its genetic code has already been fully mapped.
For comparison, the researchers also planted seeds in a range of soils, including those that simulate Martian soils. To their delight, the researchers found that nearly all of the seeds grew. However, they did observe differences between the plants grown in the lunar soil and those grown in the control soils. Some of the plants grown in the lunar soil were smaller, while others grew more slowly or were more varied in size.
Growing plants in lunar soil may also change the moon itself, according to Dr Stephen Elardo. “The moon is a very, very dry place,” he said. “How will minerals in the lunar soil respond to having a plant grown in them, with the added water and nutrients Will adding water make the minerals friendlier to plants ” The researchers hope to answer these questions in follow up studies.
(　A　)1.What does Ferl think of the findings
A.They benefit the next generation of lunar explorers.
B.They turn the moon into a perfect launching platform.
C.They are a good starting point to explore space.
D.They bring hope for the future agriculture.
(　D　)2.Why did researchers use thale cress in the experiment
A.Its genes are suitable for lunar soil.
B.It has a long evolutionary history.
C.It has been dusted with lunar soil before.
D.People have a good knowledge of its genes.
(　C　)3.What did researchers find about the plants grown in lunar soil
A.They absorbed few nutrients.
B.They grew slowly in the dark.
C.They didn't grow well enough.
D.They needed more water to grow bigger.
(　D　)4.What is the best title for the text
A.Scientists Hope to Collect More Lunar Soil
B.Scientists Conduct a Study on Lunar Soil
C.Scientists Prepare for Farming on the Moon
D.Scientists Grow Plants in Lunar Soil Successfully
【文本大意】本文主要介绍了科学家成功在月球土壤中种植拟南芥,研究其生长情况及对月球的影响,为未来月球种植和定居带来希望。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“The findings raise hopes that plants could be grown on the moon during future space missions, and even enable mankind to set up a lunar settlement.(这些发现让人们燃起了希望,即在未来的太空任务中可以在月球上种植植物,甚至能让人类建立月球定居点。)”和Rob Ferl 教授所说的话“It makes sense that we would want to use the soil that's already there to grow plants.(我们想用那里已有的土壤来种植植物是有道理的。)”可知,Ferl认为这些发现为未来在月球种植植物带来希望,这对下一代月球探索者有利。故选A。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The researchers chose to use thale cress because its genetic code has already been fully mapped.(研究人员选择使用拟南芥,因为它的遗传密码已经被完全绘制出来了。)”可知,研究人员使用拟南芥是因为它的遗传密码已经被完全绘制出来,即人们对它的基因有很好的了解。故选D。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“However, they did observe differences between the plants grown in the lunar soil and those grown in the control soils. Some of the plants grown in the lunar soil were smaller, while others grew more slowly or were more varied in size.(然而,他们确实观察到了在月球土壤中生长的植物和在对照土壤中生长的植物之间的差异。一些在月球土壤中生长的植物较小,而另一些生长得更慢或大小差异更大。)”可知,在月球土壤中生长的植物生长得不够好。故选C。
4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段第二句“Now, scientists have taken ‘one small step’ toward growing plants on the lunar surface, after showing it's possible to grow thale cress, a small flowering plant, in lunar soil.(现在,科学家们在证明了一种小型开花植物拟南芥可以在月球土壤中生长之后,朝着在月球表面种植植物迈出了‘一小步’。)”可知,文章主要介绍了科学家成功地在月球土壤中种植了植物。所以D项“Scientists Grow Plants in Lunar Soil Successfully(科学家成功地在月球土壤中种植植物)”为文章的最佳标题。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2026·湖州模拟] In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. 1.　F　 Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: What can we do if Earth can no longer sustain us
2.　C　 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. 3.　E　 Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life.
However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, traveling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth ever. 4.　D　 As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two year experiment was a failure, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.
Anyway, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe. 5.　G　
A.That definitely is a big step forward.
B.Right now, it's the only one we have.
C.One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.
D.Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn't impossible, as proved by scientists.
E.Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.
F.Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth.
G.Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own.
【文本大意】文章先指出过去人们担心核导弹会毁灭人类,如今环境问题成了地球生命的最大威胁,接着探讨了火星移民的可能性,最后提出在能够移居其他星球之前,我们要更好地爱护地球。
1.F　上文“In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles.(在20世纪60年代和70年代,最大的担忧是人类,甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命形式,都可能被核导弹消灭。)”说明过去最大的担忧是核导弹对人类的威胁。F项“Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth.(然而,如今环境问题已成为地球生命面临的最大威胁。)”与上文形成对比,指出现在环境问题取代了核导弹,成了地球生命的最大威胁,同时引出下文科学家对应对环境问题的思考,与上文逻辑连贯。故选F。
2.C　上文“Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: What can we do if Earth can no longer sustain us (科学家们正在想办法降低这种风险,比如用可再生能源取代煤炭和石油。但他们也在为最坏的情况做准备:如果地球再也无法维持我们的生存,我们该怎么办 )”提出地球可能无法维持人类生存的问题。C项“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.(一个选择是探索其他行星,看看我们是否能在上面生活。)”针对上文问题给出了探索其他行星的解决方案,同时引出下文对火星情况的介绍。故选C。
3.E　上文“Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars.(自20世纪60年代以来,我们一直在向火星发射无人航天器。)”说明人类一直向火星发射无人航天器。E项“Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.(我们的探测器已经环绕这颗行星飞行,发回了宝贵的数据和惊人的图像。)”进一步描述了这些无人航天器(探测器)的工作情况,与上文内容衔接紧密。故选E。
4.D　上文“While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, traveling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth ever.(虽然几天内就能到达月球,但到达火星需要几个月时间,还要穿越危险的太阳辐射。而且,即使第一批定居者的确安全到达火星,他们可能永远也无法回到地球。)”强调了前往火星以及在火星上生存的困难。D项“Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn't impossible, as proved by scientists.(生存将是每天都要面临的挑战,但并非不可能,科学家已经证明了这一点。)”既承接上文提到的生存困难,又通过“并非不可能”给出积极的观点,与上文逻辑连贯。故选D。
5.G　上文“In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe.(与此同时,科学研究表明,地球正在变暖。这种变化是由人类活动引起的,正在对地球造成可怕的影响。)”指出人类活动对地球造成了不良影响。G项“Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own.(在我们最终能够在另一个星球上生活之前,我们需要更好地爱护我们自己的星球。)”基于上文的问题,提出在能够移居其他星球之前要爱护地球的建议,与上文逻辑一致,总结全文。故选G。
Ⅲ.完形填空
What could pointing a race car toward the finish line and pointing a camera at the Milky Way have in common More than you might imagine. Race car driver Bubba Wallace and photographer Babak Tafreshi journeyed together to Utah's remote Gooseberry Mesa for a(n) 　1　 aimed at capturing the night sky.
Gooseberry Mesa, far from population centers, is 　2　 from the nighttime light pollution, making it perfect for star photographers. Nature night environments such as this are 　3　.
Camping, hiking, and shooting stars in mountainous Mesa highlight the 　4　 between photography and racing. Bubba 　5　, “Once you fire up the 　6　, there's no turning back—I know I'll be in that seat for more than three hours.” Babak agrees, “I have the same feeling as soon as I touch the wheel of my camera—I'm ready to continue through the entire night.” For Bubba, developing 　7　 allows him to mature as a driver and is equally essential to his photography.
Seizing the moment is crucial, too. “Every minute things are 　8　 —Earth's shadow, the moonlight, the rise of stars,” Babak explains. “If you lose the moment, it's gone forever.” Bubba finds the physical and 　9　 demands of racing crucial when traveling in Utah's 　10　 landscape under freezing temperatures.
Think incoming clouds, wind, or mist will 　11　 your chance at a perfect shot Babak says, “With wide angle nightscapes, every 　12　 weather condition can be an opportunity. Our photos show oranges and blues around the moon you wouldn't see under a clear sky.”
The team discovered shared 　13　 that go beyond photography. “We're both passionate about bringing cultures together and using our work to 　14　 boundaries,” says Babak. “The night sky has a 　15　 power. The sky connects the whole world under one umbrella.”
(　A　)1.A.adventure B.business
C.family D.point
(　D　)2.A.recalled B.reminded
C.reflected D.protected
(　C　)3.A.challenging B.absurd
C.rare D.common
(　D　)4.A.emphasis B.difference
C.importance D.similarity
(　A　)5.A.notes B.predicts
C.evaluates D.concludes
(　B　)6.A.intelligence B.engine
C.star D.feeling
(　B　)7.A.energy B.patience
C.creativity D.ambition
(　A　)8.A.changing B.moving
C.growing D.rising
(　C　)9.A.economic B.electric
C.mental D.tight
(　C　)10.A.delicate B.calm
C.rugged D.poor
(　A　)11.A.ruin B.improve
C.demand D.adjust
(　B　)12.A.similar B.unexpected
C.normal D.breathtaking
(　A　)13.A.interests B.profits
C.benefits D.advantages
(　D　)14.A.take up B.get through
C.turn down D.break down
(　D　)15.A.regular B.respectful
C.terrifying D.unifying
【文本大意】文章讲述了赛车手Bubba和摄影师Babak一起前往Gooseberry Mesa拍摄夜空的故事。Gooseberry Mesa远离光污染,那里清澈的夜空十分稀有,对于夜空拍摄来说十分完美。
1.A　句意:赛车手Bubba Wallace和摄影师Babak Tafreshi一起前往犹他州的Gooseberry Mesa进行一场旨在捕捉夜空的冒险。A. adventure 冒险;B. business公司;C. family家庭;D. point观点。故选A。
2.D　句意:远离人口中心的Gooseberry Mesa,没有受到夜间光污染的影响,非常适合(拍)星星(的)摄影师。A. recall回忆;B. remind提醒;C. reflect反映;D. protect保护。protect... from... 表示“保护……免受……”,符合句意。故选D。
3.C　句意:像这样的自然夜晚环境很少见。A. challenging有挑战性的;B. absurd荒谬的;C. rare 罕见的;D. common普通的。故选C。
4.D　句意:在多山的Mesa露营、徒步旅行和拍摄星空凸显了摄影和赛车之间的相似性。A. emphasis重点;B. difference差别;C. importance重要性;D. similarity相似之处。文章首句中的have in common对此有提示。故选D。
5.A　句意:Bubba指出:“一旦你发动引擎,就没有回头路了——我知道我要在车里待三个多小时。” A. note指出;B. predict预测;C. evaluate评估;D. conclude完成。故选A。
6.B　句意同上。A. intelligence智慧;B. engine引擎;C. star恒星;D. feeling感受。故选B。
7.B　句意:对Bubba来说,培养耐心让他成为一名成熟的司机,对他的摄影同样重要。A. energy精力,力量;B. patience耐心;C. creativity创造力;D. ambition野心。故选B。
8.A　句意:Babak解释道:“事物每时每刻都在变化——地球的影子、月光、星星的升起。”A. change变化;B. move移动;C. grow生长;D. rise 上升。故选A。
9.C　句意:Bubba发现,在犹他州寒冷的温度下,在崎岖的地形上旅行时,赛车对身体和精神的要求至关重要。A. economic经济的;B. electric用电的;C. mental精神的;D. tight绷紧的。故选C。
10.C　句意同上。A. delicate精致的;B. calm冷静的;C. rugged崎岖的;D. poor贫穷的。故选C。
11.A　句意:想到即将来临的乌云、风或薄雾可能会破坏你完美拍摄的机会 A. ruin破坏;B. improve改善;C. demand要求;D. adjust调整。故选A。
12.B　句意:有了广角夜景,每一个意外的天气状况都可能是一个机会。A. similar相似的;B. unexpected意外的,想不到的;C. normal正常的;D. breathtaking令人惊叹的。故选B。
13.A　句意:这两个人发现了摄影之外的共同的兴趣。A. interest兴趣;B. profit利润;C. benefit益处;D. advantage优势。故选A。
14.D　句意:我们都热衷于将不同文化融合在一起,用我们的工作打破界限。A. take up占据;B. get through通过;C. turn down拒绝;D. break down打破。故选D。
15.D　句意:夜空有一种凝聚的力量。A. regular定期的;B. respectful有礼貌的;C. terrifying极其可怕的;D. unifying统一的,团结的。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The night sky 1.　has been　(be) an endless source of fascination since the start of human history. However, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for long, people were unable to understand what they could see.
Our power 2.　to investigate　(investigate) and understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was invented, 3.　which　 increased the power of the human eye. It also enabled us to understand that the universe is far 4.　larger　(large) than was previously imaginable.
Almost 400 years after the first ground base telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope 5.　was launched　(launch) into orbit, 6.　giving　(give) astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth. To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged 7.　in　 building ever more advanced telescopes. 8.　Currently　(current), China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, 9.　completed　(complete) in 2016.
Using ever larger radio telescopes as our eyes, we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe, before the 10.　existence　(exist) of light. But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of an incredible journey of discovery.
【文本大意】本文主要介绍了人类对夜空的探索历程。
1.has been　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自人类历史开始以来,夜空一直是无穷无尽的魅力源泉。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词;根据时间状语since the start of human history可知,时态用现在完成时;主语The night sky为单数,助动词用has。故填has been。
2.to investigate　考查非谓语动词。句意:当第一台望远镜被发明出来后,我们探索和理解太空的能力发生了巨大变化,它增强了我们肉眼的能力。此处用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰power。故填to investigate。
3.which　考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为主句内容,关系代词在从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4.larger　考查形容词比较级。句意:它也使我们明白,宇宙比以前想象的要大得多。根据than可知,此处用形容词比较级larger。故填larger。
5.was launched　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在第一台地基望远镜发明近400年后,哈勃空间望远镜被送入轨道,为天文学家——实际上是我们所有人——提供了第一批从地球之外拍摄的令人惊叹的宇宙美景图像。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,the Hubble Space Telescope与launch之间为被动关系,且动作发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态;主语为第三人称单数,被动语态的助动词用was。故填was launched。
6.giving　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,因此用现在分词。故填giving。
7.in　考查介词。句意:为了更深入地观察宇宙,许多国家现在正致力于建造更先进的望远镜。此处为固定搭配be engaged in,意为“从事于,致力于”。故填in。
8.Currently　考查副词。句意:目前,中国运行着世界上最大、最强大的射电望远镜——2016年建成的FAST望远镜。此处为副词作状语,修饰整个句子;位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Currently。
9.completed　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,the FAST telescope与complete之间为逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词completed。故填completed。
10.existence　考查名词。句意:利用越来越大的射电望远镜作为我们的眼睛,有一天我们将能够回顾宇宙早期,甚至在光存在之前的时代。根据空前的the和空后的of可知,此处用exist的名词形式,existence意为“存在”,为不可数名词。故填existence。高效作业14必修第三册　Unit 3　Diverse Cultures(见学生用书P27)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2022·全国甲卷] Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I'll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords(口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving(解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2,000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3,000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
(　C　)1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Sydney's striking architecture.
B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C.The key to Sydney's development.
D.Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.
(　D　)2.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A.He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C.He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
(　A　)3.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A.It is losing its traditions.
B.It should speed up its progress.
C.It should expand its population.
D.It is becoming more international.
(　A　)4.Which statement will the author probably agree with
A.A city can be young and old at the same time.
B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【文本大意】文章介绍了悉尼在城市发展过程中对于现代化和传统保护的困惑,并提出“一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老”的观点。
1.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一、二句“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.(20世纪60年代初,澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了自己的港口。)”和最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city.(但正是港口造就了这座城市。)”可知,第一段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键。故选C。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段“‘I'll miss these old boats,’ he said as we parted.(‘我会想念这些旧船的,’我们分手时他说。)”和第五段第二句“Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot.(双体船更快,但它们不那么优雅,驾驶起来也没意思。)”可知,Andrew Reynolds喜欢那些旧渡船。故选D。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第六段中的“in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings(在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中,悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西,包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”和“We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.(我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代的城市还是一个传统的城市。)”可知,Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼正在失去自己的传统。故选A。
4.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.(另一方面,同时年轻和年老也有它的吸引力。)”可知,作者会认同“一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老”的观点。故选A。
B
[2026·恩施模拟] In the era of globalization today, different cultures are interacting more than ever before. While this has brought about many positive exchanges, it has also put some unique cultures at risk. Anthropologists who study human race, and cultural preservationists are working hard to protect cultural practices that are in danger of disappearing.
“Globalization has led to more uniform cultures in some aspects,” said Dr Elena Rodriguez, a leading anthropologist at the University of Cambridge. “Popular culture, driven by media and the Internet, often overshadows local and traditional cultures. We need to understand the possible effects of this trend and find ways to preserve the cultural heritage that makes each community unique.”
Using a vast database of cultural practices from around the world, Dr Rodriguez and her team studied how cultural traditions are passed down through generations and how they adapt to modern influences. They discovered some cultural practices are more adaptable than others. For example, traditional festivals with strong community participation tend to survive better, while some niche(小众的) handicraft making skills are at risk of being lost due to a lack of younger generations interested in learning them.
Another significant factor affecting cultural diversity is urbanization. As people move from rural areas to cities, they often leave behind some of their traditional ways of life. “In urban environments, there is a tendency to adopt more mainstream cultural standards,” said Dr Rodriguez. “This doesn't mean rural cultures are not good, but rather that the pull of modern urban living can weaken the uniqueness of traditional cultures.”
So, what can be done to protect cultural diversity “Education is key,” Dr Rodriguez noted. “By teaching younger generations about the value of their cultural heritage in schools, we can develop a sense of pride and responsibility. Cultural institutions can also play a crucial role. Museums, for instance, can showcase traditional artifacts and stories, making them accessible to a wider audience.”
Moreover, governments and international organizations can support cultural preservation projects. This can include providing funding for cultural festivals, promoting local languages, and protecting historical sites. Cultural tourism projects can be designed to introduce people to lesser known cultural traditions all over the world.
(　B　)5.What effects does globalization have on cultures nowadays
A.It has little impact on cultures.
B.It brings about a mixed bag.
C.It has more positive effects.
D.It contributes to traditional cultures.
(　C　)6.What does Dr Rodriguez's study mainly focus on
A.How cultural traditions are influenced and changed.
B.How traditional festivals are celebrated and preserved.
C.How cultural traditions are handed down and survive.
D.How handicraft making skills are taught and learned.
(　D　)7.How can cultural institutions make a difference to the protection of cultural diversity
A.They can provide funding for cultural festivals.
B.They can teach local languages in schools.
C.They can design cultural tourism projects.
D.They can expose the audience to traditional items and stories.
(　A　)8.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Protecting Cultural Diversity: A Global Mission
B.Understanding Traditional Cultures: A Basic Requirement
C.Observing Traditional Festivals: A Wide Participation
D.Preserving Cultural Diversity: An Overall Urbanization
【文本大意】本文主要介绍了全球化使文化交流增多但独特文化受威胁,人类学家指出,可发挥教育、文化机构等的作用来保护文化多样性。
5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While this has brought about many positive exchanges, it has also put some unique cultures at risk.(虽然这带来了许多积极的交流,但也使一些独特文化面临风险。)”可推知,全球化既带来了积极的交流,也使一些独特文化面临风险,是好坏参半的。故选B。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Using a vast database of cultural practices from around the world, Dr Rodriguez and her team studied how cultural traditions are passed down through generations and how they adapt to modern influences.(Rodriguez博士和她的团队利用世界各地文化习俗的庞大数据库,研究了文化传统是如何代代相传的,以及它们如何适应现代的影响。)” 可知,她的研究主要关注文化传统如何传承以及如何适应现代影响。故选C。
7.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Cultural institutions can also play a crucial role. Museums, for instance, can showcase traditional artifacts and stories, making them accessible to a wider audience.(文化机构也可以发挥关键作用。例如,博物馆可以展示传统文物和故事,让更多的观众可以接触到它们。)”可知,文化机构(如博物馆)可以让观众接触传统手工艺品和故事。故选D。
8.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了全球化背景下文化多样性面临的问题,如流行文化对当地和传统文化的冲击、城市化对传统文化独特性的削弱等,还介绍了保护文化多样性的方法,如教育、文化机构的作用、政府和国际组织的支持等,所以A项“Protecting Cultural Diversity: A Global Mission(保护文化多样性:一项全球使命)”符合文章主旨,适合作为文章的标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Ollivier Jean Baptiste, a vlogger from France living in China, delivered a speech on the episode of the China Daily Youth Power series. The episode, named “Timeless Tales from China”, was 　1　 on Jan.30.
In his speech, titled “Bridging Cultures: A Personal 　2　 from France to China”, he spoke about his 　3　 impressions of China. Just like his family and friends, he saw China as a distant and 　4　place with a culture entirely different from France and other Western countries.
“My wife took me to see the flag raising 　5　 in Tian'anmen Square. Witnessing countless young people rushing 　6　 the flag, I was deeply moved. It's a country of strength, unity, and love,” he said.
When Jean Baptiste visited his Chinese wife's hometown for the first time, he couldn't speak much Chinese. But he felt the warmth of home in a foreign country and was 　7　 to live in China, he said. All of these experiences made Jean Baptiste eager to 　8　 different aspects of Chinese culture. He visited many tourist　9　 in China. When he returned to France for vacation and 　10　 photos of his travels and life in China with his family, they were also excited.
　11　 his fantastic personal experiences in China, Jean Baptiste noticed that friendly interactions between the two countries are 　12　. After learning about the 15 day visa free travel from France to China, his family and friends couldn't wait to 　13　 their trip to China. “I'm overjoyed to 　14　 them during the 60th anniversary of China France diplomatic relations, showcasing China's modern development and rich history,” he said. “I may be just an ordinary person with 　15　 influence, but everyone can be a cultural ambassador.”
(　D　)1.A.produced B.published
C.acknowledged D.aired
(　B　)2.A.Business B.Journey
C.Program D.Exhibition
(　C　)3.A.last B.real
C.initial D.right
(　C　)4.A.similar B.familiar
C.mysterious D.plain
(　A　)5.A.ceremony B.activity
C.show D.display
(　C　)6.A.from B.in
C.toward D.for
(　A　)7.A.thrilled B.worried
C.embarrassed D.surprised
(　B　)8.A.collect B.explore
C.fetch D.accumulate
(　B　)9.A.homes B.attractions
C.centers D.routes
(　A　)10.A.shared B.delivered
C.exchanged D.printed
(　C　)11.A.Regardless of B.In spite of
C.Apart from D.Far from
(　B　)12.A.declining B.increasing
C.growing D.developing
(　C　)13.A.cancel B.stop
C.book D.suspend
(　D　)14.A.relax B.join
C.visit D.host
(　B　)15.A.special B.limited
C.significant D.extensive
【文本大意】法国的视频博主Ollivier Jean Baptiste在《中国日报》“青年力量”系列的一期节目中发表了演讲,在该演讲中,他介绍了自己是如何爱上中国的,以及呼吁每个人都成为缩小文化差异的使者。
1.D　这期节目已在1月30日播出。A. produce生产,制作;B. publish出版;C. acknowledge承认,感谢;D. air播放。故选D。
2.B　他演讲的标题为“文化的桥梁:从法国到中国的个人旅程”。A. business生意;B. journey旅程;C. program项目;D. exhibition展览。故选B。
3.C　根据第4个空前的 distant可知,在这个演讲中,他谈到了他对中国的最初印象。A. last最后的;B. real真实的;C. initial最初的;D. right正确的。故选C。
4.C　根据下文中的“with a culture entirely different from France and other Western countries(有着与法国和其他西方国家完全不同的文化)”可知,就像他的家人和朋友一样,他认为中国是一个遥远而神秘的地方。A. similar相似的;B. familiar熟悉的;C. mysterious神秘的;D. plain朴素的。故选C。
5.A　妻子带他去天安门广场看升旗仪式。A. ceremony仪式;B. activity活动;C. show演出;D. display展示。故选A。
6.C　目睹无数年轻人冲向国旗,Jean Baptiste被深深地感动了。A. from 从……起;B. in在……里;C. toward朝,向;D. for为了。故选C。
7.A　他说,他在异国他乡感受到了家的温暖,在中国生活让他非常兴奋。A. thrilled极为激动的,非常兴奋的;B. worried担心的;C. embarrassed尴尬的;D. surprised惊讶的。故选A。
8.B　所有这些经历让Jean Baptiste渴望探索中国文化的不同方面。A. collect收集;B. explore探索;C. fetch拿来;D. accumulate积累。故选B。
9.B　他参观了中国的许多旅游景点。A. home家庭;B. attraction吸引人之物,景点,tourist attraction意为“旅游景点”,符合语境;C. center中心;D. route路线。故选B。
10.A　当他回到法国度假,和家人分享他在中国旅行和生活的照片时,家人也很兴奋。A. share分享;B. deliver递送;C. exchange交换;D. print打印。故选A。
11.C　此处表示“除了在中国的奇妙经历,他还注意到了中法两国之间的友好交往”。A. regardless of不管;B. in spite of尽管;C. apart from 除……以外还;D. far from远非。故选C。
12.B　Jean Baptiste还注意到两国之间的友好交往日益增多。A. decline 减少;B. increase增加;C. grow成长;D. develop发展。故选B。
13.C　在了解到从法国到中国15天免签后,他的家人和朋友迫不及待地预订了他们的中国之旅。A. cancel取消;B. stop停止;C. book预订;D. suspend暂停。故选C。
14.D　在中法建交60周年期间,他很高兴地接待了来中国的家人和朋友。A. relax放松;B. join参加;C. visit拜访;D. host做……的东道主,接待。故选D。
15.B　根据空前的“an ordinary person(一个普通的人)”可知,此处他想表达的是“一个普通人的影响是有限的”。 A. special特殊的;B. limited有限的;C. significant重大的;D. extensive大量的,广泛的。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2026·宁波三中模拟] German sinologist(汉学家) Martin Woesler, 1.　as　 a lifelong enthusiast of Chinese culture and literature, has lived, worked and studied in China for over 30 years. Recently he made his first visit to Dunhuang, a city on the old Silk Road in northwest 2.　China's　(China) Gansu Province. Despite his lengthy stay in the country, Dunhuang ended up 3.　providing　(provide) him with a cultural experience unlike any other.
Before going to Dunhuang, Woesler had done his homework. From books, he gathered vivid impressions of Dunhuang—a city encircled by desert, a treasure of art and heritage, 4.　and　 a cultural crossroads shaped by centuries of Silk Road exchanges. However, when the words and images contained in the books 5.　were confirmed　(confirm) by his own eyes, Woesler was totally impressed by 6.　an　 unexpected sense of cultural connection—one that bridged both time and geography.
In Cave 285, often 7.　referred　(refer) to as a “gathering of diverse cultures”, the murals(壁画) feature an extraordinary collection of 8.　figures　(figure)—Apollo and Diana from Greek tales, Fuxi and Nüwa from Chinese ancient stories, flying Apsaras from Indian Buddhism and feathered immortals from Taoism. “9.　Incredibly　(incredible), such magnificent, diverse and millennia old civilizations coexist harmoniously within a single cave,” noted Woesler.
“Dunhuang is truly an amazing place. Few places have such deep cultural influence in the world,” said Woesler, 10.　who　 believes that even today, across thousands of years, people from different countries can still draw wisdom and strength from Dunhuang's spirit of inclusiveness and mutual learning.
【文本大意】文章主要介绍了在中国生活30余年的德国汉学家吴漠汀在首次参观敦煌时,被其多元文化和谐共存打动,他认为敦煌精神仍具有现实意义。
1.as　考查介词。句意:德国汉学家吴漠汀,作为终身热爱中国文化与文学的爱好者,他在中国生活、工作和学习了30多年。表示“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。
2.China's　考查名词所有格。句意:最近,他首次造访了敦煌——这座位于中国西北部的甘肃省、地处古代丝绸之路沿线的城市。此处China与Gansu Province为所属关系,用名词所有格形式。故填China's。
3.providing　考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管他在中国待了很长时间,但这段经历最终为他带来了独一无二的文化体验。end up doing sth表示“最终做某事”。故填providing。
4.and　考查连词。句意:通过书籍,他获得了对敦煌的深刻印象——这座被沙漠环绕的城市,是艺术与遗产的宝库,也是因数百年丝绸之路交流而形成的文化交汇之地。a city encircled by desert, a treasure of art and heritage和a cultural crossroads是并列关系。故填and。
5.were confirmed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:然而,当那些书中所包含的文字和图像被他亲眼证实时,吴漠汀却完全被一种意想不到的、跨越时空与地域的文化联系所深深打动。主语the words and images与谓语构成被动关系;事情发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态;主语为复数名词words and images,被动语态的助动词用were。故填were confirmed。
6.an　考查冠词。句意同上。sense是可数名词,此处泛指“一种意想不到的文化连接感”,且unexpected以元音音素开头。故填an。
7.referred　考查非谓语动词。句意:在285窟——常被称为“多元文化交汇之地”,其壁画呈现着非凡的人物群像:希腊神话中的阿波罗与狄安娜,中国上古传说中的伏羲与女娲,印度佛教中的飞天,以及道教中的羽仙。此处Cave 285与refer之间为逻辑上的被动关系,表示“被称为”,用过去分词作定语。故填referred。
8.figures　考查名词的数。句意同上。figure意为“人物”,是可数名词;根据下文提到的不止一个人物可知,此处用复数形式。故填figures。
9.Incredibly　考查副词。句意:吴漠汀指出:“令人难以置信的是,如此宏伟、多样且拥有数千年历史的文明竟能在同一个洞穴中和谐共存。”此处用副词incredibly作状语;位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Incredibly。
10.who　考查定语从句。句意:吴漠汀说:“敦煌真是一个令人惊奇的地方。世界上没几个地方能有这么深厚的文化影响力。”他认为,即便在历经数千年岁月,时至今日,各国人民依然能从敦煌包容互鉴的精神中汲取智慧和力量。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是Woesler,指人,从句中缺少主语,因此用关系代词who引导。故填who。高效作业12必修第三册　Unit 1　Festivals and Celebrations
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2026·合肥模拟] The Cheese Rolling Festival in Gloucestershire
Every year, on the last Monday in May, the small village of Brockworth in Gloucestershire, England, hosts one of the most unusual and thrilling events in the world: the Cheese Rolling Festival. Participants gather at the top of Cooper's Hill, a steep and grassy slope, to chase a large wheel of Double Gloucester cheese as it rolls down the hill. The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom wins the cheese.
What Happens at the Cheese Rolling Festival
The event begins with the master of ceremonies introducing the cheese and the rules. The cheese is then released, and competitors race down the hill after it. Due to the steepness of the hill, most participants end up tumbling and rolling rather than running. The race is incredibly full of risks, with many participants suffering minor injuries such as bruises and sprains. Despite the risks, the event attracts hundreds of participants and spectators from around the world.
The Rules of the Cheese Rolling Festival:
* Only one cheese is released per race, and the first person to cross the finish line wins it.
* Participants must start at the top of the hill and cannot interfere with the cheese's path.
* Safety gear is not compulsory, but participants are advised to wear sturdy clothing and shoes.
* Spectators must stay clear of the race path to avoid accidents.
Useful Tips:
* Wear old clothes and shoes that you don't mind getting dirty or damaged.
* Be prepared for physical exhaustion and potential minor injuries.
* Arrive early to secure a good viewing spot, as the event attracts large crowds.
* If you're not from the area, book accommodation well in advance, as local hotels fill up quickly.
(　 　)1.What do participants do at the Cheese Rolling Festival
A.They compete to see which cheese rolls down the hill the fastest.
B.They roll a large wheel of cheese down the hill.
C.They chase a cheese rolling down the hill.
D.They watch others race down a hill.
(　 　)2.Why is the Cheese Rolling Festival considered dangerous
A.Because the cheese is very heavy.
B.Because the hill is steep and participants often get injured.
C.Because it attracts participants from all over the world.
D.Because the event takes place early at day.
(　 　)3.What should spectators do during the event
A.They should participate in the race.
B.They should keep away from the race path.
C.They should bring their own cheese.
D.They should wear protective clothes.
B
[2026·温州模拟] On November 1, 1876, The New York Times, a newspaper, confidently declared that Halloween would disappear forever. However, in 2024, consumers are expected to spend $11.6 billion celebrating the holiday, up from $3.3 billion in 2005. Perhaps it is time for the newspaper to eat crow.
Halloween has transformed from a feast day to a celebration with lovingly homemade costumes and treats, and to one of the largest consumer spending holidays in America.
But how did this holiday with humble origins become an economic boost with global appeal “Halloween is a marketer's dream,” said Arnold, a finance professor. It falls on the same day every year. Halloween items are largely consumable, for candy needs to be met every year and kids outgrow costumes, and pop culture trends can help predict which costumes will be the must haves each season. The 1970s brought mass manufactured costumes and individually wrapped candy that made the holiday explode in popularity. It also shifted from a more religious holiday to a mass celebration.
“Even when consumers are worried about their finances, they'll still open their wallets for holidays,” Professor Arnold said, “because they create a unique experience at a particular time of the year.”
Trick or treating came about as a way to distract children who, by 1900, had taken over the holiday. Kids only played simple but mischievous pranks. However, as time passed and America began urbanizing, the pranks became very munities needed a way to “buy off” gangs of naughty children who were frightening neighbors by damaging furniture, setting tires on fire and even tripping people on sidewalks. Neighborhood house to house parties were held for kids. This origin of trick or treat also provided the basis for today's haunted attractions like haunted houses and mazes as people would set up “trails of terror” in their basements.
(　 　)4.What does the underlined phrase “eat crow” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Keep its promise.
B.Make an apology.
C.Announce something officially.
D.Report an event.
(　 　)5.What has Halloween changed into
A.A tradition that has already vanished.
B.A holiday that drives people to spend.
C.A festival that features decorations.
D.A feast that is liked all over the world.
(　 　)6.Why do people spend much on holidays like Halloween
A.To get fashionable costumes.
B.To show their faith in the religion.
C.To boost the economy in their way.
D.To gain a special experience.
(　 　)7.What is the origin of trick or treat
A.It is designed to keep children amused.
B.It serves as a purpose of driving evils away.
C.It is a way to keep children from playing destructive tricks.
D.It is a way to strengthen the bond between kids and adults.
Ⅱ.完形填空
A father and son went to the kite flying festival. The young son became very happy seeing the sky 　1　 with colorful kites. He asked his father to get him a kite and a thread with a roller so he could fly a kite, too. So, the father went to the shop at the park where the festival was being held. He purchased kites and a roll of thread for his son.
The son started to fly a kite. Soon, his kite 　2　 high up in the sky. The son said, “Father, it seems that the thread is holding up a kite from flying higher. If we cut off the thread, the kite will be 　3　 and will go flying even higher. Can we cut it off ” So, the father cut the thread from a roller. The kite started to go a little higher. That made the son very 　4　.
But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. And soon it fell down on the terrace of the 　5　 building. The young son was surprised to see this. He asked his father, “Father, I thought that after cutting off the thread, the kite could freely fly higher. But why did it fall down ”
The father explained, “Son, at the 　6　 of life that we live in, we often think there are some things we are tied to and that they are 　7　 us from going higher. The thread was not stopping the kite from going higher, but it was helping it stay higher when the wind slowed down and when the wind 　8　, you helped the kite go up higher in a 　9　 direction through the thread. And when we cut the thread, the kite fell down without the 　10　 you were providing for it through the thread.” The son realized his mistake.
Sometimes we feel that we can 　11　 quickly and reach new heights if we were not 　12　 up with our family, our home. But we 　13　 to realize that our family, our loved ones help us survive the tough time in our lives with their support and 　14　 us to reach higher heights in life. They are not 　15　 us, but are supporting us. Never let go of them.
(　 　)1.A.equipped B.filled
C.armed D.charged
(　 　)2.A.arrived B.reached
C.returned D.left
(　 　)3.A.free B.active
C.tight D.loose
(　 　)4.A.upset B.anxious
C.happy D.depressed
(　 　)5.A.low B.dusty
C.dirty D.unknown
(　 　)6.A.weight B.size
C.height D.quality
(　 　)7.A.preventing B.banning
C.protecting D.tracking
(　 　)8.A.raised up B.set up
C.speeded up D.put up
(　 　)9.A.proper B.disgusting
C.mistaken D.puzzling
(　 　)10.A.trust B.evidence
C.flight D.support
(　 　)11.A.progress B.attach
C.absorb D.propose
(　 　)12.A.bonded B.tied
C.admired D.founded
(　 　)13.A.convince B.attempt
C.happen D.fail
(　 　)14.A.impress B.highlight
C.encourage D.boast
(　 　)15.A.bullying B.laughing
C.holding D.pushing
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2026·邯郸模拟] Large amounts of molten(熔融的) iron are thrown up into the air, spreading out and turning into a wonderful sight of sparks dancing in the night sky. The display is 1.　 　 unique traditional Chinese folk art called datiehua.
Datiehua, 2.　 　(literal) meaning “striking iron flowers”, has been fascinating audiences for centuries. In this breathtaking performance, the iron is heated to over 1,000℃, 3.　 　(make) it extremely hot. Using wooden sticks, the skilled performers hit the molten iron, sending showers of sparks high into the air, 4.　 　 looks like a fireworks display, creating a festive and thrilling atmosphere.
Datiehua originated in the Northern Song Dynasty and gained 5.　 　(popular) during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Over the centuries, it has spread far and wide across different regions in China, with each area adding its own unique flavor to the performance, resulting in 6.　 　(vary) styles.
In 2008, it 7.　 　(include) in China's Representative List of State Level Intangible Cultural Heritage Items, highlighting 8.　 　(it) significance in preserving traditional culture. Today, datiehua not only continues to be a beloved form of entertainment but also serves 9.　 　 a bridge to connect the past and the present. It invites more and more people 10.　 　(explore) and appreciate this incredible art form, keeping the ancient tradition alive and dynamic. 高效作业16必修第三册　Unit 5　The Value of Money(见学生用书P31)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2026·金华模拟] The much anticipated annual theatrical show in AMNS International School is just around the corner. This year's show features diverse storytelling and the incredible talents of our students.
Performance Line Up
The show will open with a lively musical medley(联唱) that travels through different decades of musical theater history. From the jazz inspired numbers of the 1920s to the rock influenced songs of the modern era, this medley is sure to get the audience's toes tapping.
Following the musical opening, there will be a series of one act plays. The Little Match Girl will be reimagined in a modern day urban setting, highlighting the theme of hope. Another play, A Meeting of Minds, is a fictionalized account of a conversation between famous historical figures, exploring their different viewpoints on art, science, and society.
New Additions
For the first time, the show will include freestyle theater. Students from the drama club will take on audience suggested themes and create instant performances right on the spot. This addition aims to show the students' quick thinking abilities and their talent for on the fly creativity.
Technical Aspects
The technical crew has been working hard to ensure a smooth show. State of the art lighting will be used to create the perfect mood for each performance. The sound system has been upgraded to provide crystal clear audio, whether it's the soft whispers of the actors or the powerful notes of a musical number.
Show Schedule
The show will be held in the school's main auditorium(礼堂) on April 20th and 21st. There will be three shows each day: at 10:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m., and 7:00 p.m.
(　C　)1.What can we expect from the opening performance of the annual theatrical show
A.A reimagined classic play.
B.A series of one act plays.
C.A musical journey through different eras.
D.A conversation between historical figures.
(　B　)2.What is special about the freestyle theater in this year's show
A.It is performed by different clubs.
B.It involves audience participation.
C.It is based on well known fiction.
D.It will be the closing act of the show.
(　D　)3.Why have the lighting and sound system been upgraded
A.To reduce electricity expenses.
B.To test the latest audio technology.
C.To make the auditorium more decorative.
D.To improve the effect of the performances.
【文本大意】文章介绍了AMNS国际学校新的年度戏剧表演的相关信息。
1.C　细节理解题。根据Performance Line Up部分第一段中的“The show will open with a lively musical medley(联唱) that travels through different decades of musical theater history. From the jazz inspired numbers of the 1920s to the rock influenced songs of the modern era(这场演出将以一段活力四射的音乐联唱开场,带领观众穿越不同年代的音乐剧历史,从 20 世纪 20 年代受爵士乐启发的曲目,到现代受摇滚乐影响的歌曲)”可知,开场表演是一场穿越不同时代的音乐之旅。故选C。
2.B　细节理解题。根据New Additions 部分中的“For the first time, the show will include freestyle theater. Students from the drama club will take on audience suggested themes and create instant performances right on the spot.(此次演出将首次纳入即兴戏剧表演。戏剧社的学生们将采用观众提出的主题,当场进行即兴创作表演。)”可知,即兴戏剧的特别之处在于观众参与。故选B。
3.D　推理判断题。根据Technical Aspects部分中的“The technical crew has been working hard to ensure a smooth show... the actors or the powerful notes of a musical number.(技术团队一直在努力工作,以确保演出顺利进行。演出将采用最先进的灯光设备,为每一场表演营造出完美的氛围。音响系统也已升级,无论是演员轻柔的低语,还是音乐剧中激昂的音符,都能呈现出清晰透彻的音效。)”可知,灯光和音响系统的升级是为了增强演出效果。故选D。
B
[2025·北京卷] The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better.
For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives.
Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, when we begin to organize our lives into chapters around key events or life changes, and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and, to a varying extent, the story's author. People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too.
Johnson has also investigated the link between well being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person's mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story.
Lisa Green, another researcher, sounds a few notes of caution(谨慎). For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive(拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.
If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on 1st January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money or getting fit, there is no better time to become the author of your own destiny(命运).
(　C　)4.What can be inferred about personal stories
A.They are unrelated to health.
B.Consistent ones lead to stress.
C.They are relevant to happiness.
D.Thematic ones hold back change.
(　C　)5.What can we learn from this passage
A.Talking about gains from failure is negative.
B.New Year resolutions are well received.
C.The West tends to overvalue optimism.
D.Social roles fail to be highlighted.
(　D　)6.What does the author mainly do in this passage
A.Clarify a goal.
B.Analyze an event.
C.Make a comparison.
D.Illustrate an approach.
(　A　)7.What is the passage mainly about
A.How self identity works.
B.How story tellers are made.
C.How personal stories raise doubts.
D.How timing affects personal identity.
【文本大意】文章主要讲述了个人故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系及如何改变个人故事。
4.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too.(拥有更连贯故事的人往往有更强的身份认同感,他们觉得自己的生活更有意义、更有方向、更有目标感。这样的人总体上对生活的满意度也更高。)”可知,个人故事与幸福感相关。故选C。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.(她说,西方文化已经促使人们在每一片乌云背后寻找一线希望。)”可推知,西方倾向于过度重视乐观主义。故选C。
6.D　推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段“The call to ‘know yourself’ has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better.(‘认识你自己’这一呼吁自古便有,但我们对自己的认知并不总是与他人对我们的看法相吻合。思考我们讲述的关于自己的故事,能帮助我们以更好的方式改变自己的想法。)”、第二段中的“Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives.(然后,在20世纪80年代,鲍勃·约翰逊创造了身份的生活故事模型,他提出,在我们的一生中,这些核心特征与我们的记忆一起构建了一个个人故事,我们通过这个故事来理解我们的生活。)”和第四段中的“Johnson has also investigated the link between well being and certain story themes.(约翰逊还研究了幸福感与某些故事主题之间的联系。)”可推知,文章主要阐述了个人故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系,并举例说明了如何通过改变个人故事来影响自我认同和幸福感,因此作者主要是在阐述一种方法。故选D。
7.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段“The call to ‘know yourself’has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. (‘认识你自己’这一呼吁自古便有,但我们对自己的认知并不总是与他人对我们的看法相吻合。思考我们讲述的关于自己的故事,能帮助我们以更好的方式改变自己的想法。)”可知,文章开篇指出“自我认知”与“他人认知”可能不一致,随后通过Bob Johnson的理论说明个人故事如何构建自我认同,并分析其对幸福感和心理健康的影响,最后强调个人故事可以改变。全文围绕“自我认同如何通过个人故事形成和产生作用”展开,A项“自我认同如何发挥作用”可以精准概括文章的主旨。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2026·合肥模拟] I grew up in a family where academic success was everything. My parents, both university professors, had my future 　1　 planned: from a top high school to the Ivy League, and then to a career as a lawyer. I followed the script perfectly until sophomore year, when a community theater poster 　2　 my path.
During rehearsals for Romeo and Juliet, I discovered an unexpected passion. Memorizing lines felt 　3　 than solving math equations. The stage became my escape from 　4　. But when my parents found out, their 　5　 was sharp: “This is a distraction.”
Despite their disapproval, I still kept going to practice. However, I was not as confident as I used to be. One night, my drama teacher 　6　 my trembling hands. “You have real talent,” she said, handing me an audition flyer(试镜传单). I hesitated—the audition 　7　 with a crucial exam. Ultimately, I 　8　 to follow my heart.
Weeks later, standing nervously backstage, I realized this wasn't just about acting. It was about 　9　 my voice. The performance was far from perfect—I 　10　 a line in Act 2—but the audience's applause felt more 　11　 than any test score.
Now as a theater major, I understand: Life isn't about 　12　 others' expectations. True success means having the 　13　 to write your own story. Even my parents finally 　14　 that my choice brought unexpected growth. Looking back, that torn theater poster was the 　15　 of my true self.
(　A　)1.A.neatly B.vaguely
C.roughly D.blindly
(　D　)2.A.blocked B.recorded
C.widened D.altered
(　B　)3.A.heavier B.smoother
C.duller D.riskier
(　C　)4.A.approval B.curiosity
C.pressure D.boredom
(　A　)5.A.reaction B.ambition
C.tradition D.conclusion
(　C　)6.A.ignored B.questioned
C.noticed D.released
(　A　)7.A.conflicted B.cooperated
C.contrasted D.combined
(　D　)8.A.pretended B.refused
C.regretted D.chose
(　B　)9.A.losing B.finding
C.hiding D.doubting
(　D　)10.A.criticized B.wrote
C.translated D.forgot
(　C　)11.A.artificial B.formal
C.genuine D.awkward
(　C　)12.A.setting B.avoiding
C.meeting D.lowering
(　A　)13.A.courage B.wealth
C.luck D.fame
(　D　)14.A.resisted B.predicted
C.denied D.admitted
(　B　)15.A.obstacle B.beginning
C.ending D.routine
【文本大意】文章主要讲述了作者打破父母给自己的规划,而去追寻自己的戏剧梦想的故事。
1.A　句意:我的父母都是大学教授,他们把我的未来安排得井井有条:从顶尖高中升入常春藤联盟,而后成为一名律师。A. neatly整洁地,有条理地;B. vaguely模糊地;C. roughly粗略地;D. blindly盲目地。故选A。
2.D　句意:我完全按照这个剧本走,直到高二那年,一张社区剧院的海报改变了我的人生轨迹。A. block阻塞;B. record记录;C. widen拓宽;D. alter改变。故选D。
3.B　句意:背台词比解数学方程式要顺畅得多。A. heavier更重的;B. smoother 更顺畅的;C. duller更枯燥的;D. riskier更冒险的。故选B。
4.C　句意:舞台成了我逃离压力的地方。A. approval赞成;B. curiosity好奇心;C. pressure压力;D. boredom无聊。故选C。
5.A　句意:但当我的父母发现后,他们的反应很强烈:“这会让你分心。”A. reaction反应;B. ambition野心;C. tradition传统;D. conclusion结论。故选A。
6.C　句意:一天晚上,我的戏剧老师注意到了我颤抖的双手。A. ignore忽视;B. question质疑;C. notice注意到;D. release释放。故选C。
7.A　句意:我犹豫了——试镜和一场重要的考试冲突了。A. conflict冲突;B. cooperate合作;C. contrast对比;D. combine结合。故选A。
8.D　句意:最终,我选择跟随自己的内心。A. pretend假装;B. refuse拒绝;C. regret后悔;D. choose选择。故选D。
9.B　句意:它是关于能说出自己的想法。A. lose失去;B. find找到, find one's voice为固定搭配,意为“敢于说出自己的想法;敢于表达自己的观点”;C. hide隐藏;D. doubt怀疑。故选B。
10.D　句意:演出远非完美——我在第二幕忘了一句台词——但观众的掌声比任何考试成绩都更真实。A. criticize批评;B. write写;C. translate 翻译;D. forget忘记。故选D。
11.C　句意同上。A. artificial人造的;B. formal正式的;C. genuine真诚的,真实的;D. awkward尴尬的。故选C。
12.C　句意:现在,作为一名戏剧专业的学生,我明白了:生活不是关于满足他人的期望。A. set设置;B. avoid避免;C. meet满足;D. lower 降低。故选C。
13.A　句意:真正的成功意味着有勇气书写自己的故事。A. courage勇气;B. wealth财富;C. luck运气;D. fame名声。故选A。
14.D　句意:甚至我的父母最终也承认,我的选择带来了意想不到的成长。A. resist抵抗;B. predict预测;C. deny否认;D. admit承认。故选D。
15.B　句意:回首往事,那张撕破的剧院海报是我真实自我的开端。A. obstacle 障碍;B. beginning开始;C. ending结束;D. routine常规。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2026·福州模拟] In the late 18th century, a form of drama gained widespread popularity in Paris and Marseilles. This art form was inspired by traditional Chinese shadow play dating back over 2,000 years, which, often 1.　referred　(refer) to as the world's earliest “movie art”, combines live performance with voice effects.
By the Song Dynasty, it 2.　had grown　(grow) into a highly developed art capable of relating stories of the Three Kingdoms before the rise of traditional Chinese opera. During the Ming Dynasty, shadow play became 3.　the　 most popular form of entertainment, especially in cities like Beijing. Even today, its influence can still be seen in modern film making, 4.　shaping　(shape) how stories are told.
Creating shadow play puppets(木偶) requires both choice 5.　materials　(material) and skills. Donkey hide(驴皮) is carved into the heads, limbs and bodies of the figures, then painted and joined using threads and links. The true magic of shadow play lies not just in its making, 6.　but　 in its live performance, 7.　where　 a team of puppeteers(操纵木偶的人), narrators, and musicians work together in harmony. During the performance, as light shines on the human figures, vivid shadows 8.　are projected　(project) onto a screen. The puppeteers, standing behind the screen, move the figures with bamboo sticks, while the narrators sing and the musicians play instruments like drums and gongs. 9.　On　 the opposite side, audiences see the figures on the screen come to life through the shadows, whose movements are so 10.　expressive　(express) that people forget they're just watching shadows.
【文本大意】本文主要介绍了皮影戏的发展历程以及表演形式等。
1.referred　考查非谓语动词。句意:这种艺术形式的灵感源自有着2 000多年历史的中国传统皮影戏,它常被称为世界上最早的“电影艺术”,将现场表演与声音效果相结合。此处refer与This art form构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词作定语。故填referred。
2.had grown　考查时态。句意:到了宋代,这种艺术形式已经发展得相当成熟,能够讲述三国时期的故事,而此时的中国传统戏曲尚未兴起。根据By the Song Dynasty可知,此处描述过去的过去,用过去完成时。故填had grown。
3.the　考查冠词。句意:在明代时期,皮影戏成为最受欢迎的娱乐形式,尤其是在像北京这样的城市里。最高级most popular与定冠词the连用。故填the。
4.shaping　考查非谓语动词。句意:即便在今天,其影响力仍能在现代电影制作中得以体现,影响着故事的讲述方式。此处shape与its influence之间为逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词作状语。故填shaping。
5.materials　考查名词的数。句意:制作皮影戏的木偶需要品质优良的材料和技艺。制作木偶需要的材料不止一种,因为此处用复数形式,与and后的skills在形式上保持一致。故填materials。
6.but　考查连词。句意:皮影戏的真正魅力不仅在于其制作过程,还在于其现场表演。在表演中,一群操纵木偶的人、讲述者和乐手们相互协作。not just... but... 表示“不仅……还……”。故填but。
7.where　考查定语从句。句意同上。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词its live performance,从句中缺少地点状语,因此用关系副词where引导。故填where。
8.are projected　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在表演过程中,当光线照射到人物形象上时,生动的影子就会被投射到屏幕上。主语shadows与project之间为被动关系,再结合上文中的as light shines on the human figures可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语为复数名词shadows,助动词用are。故填are projected。
9.On　考查介词。句意:而在对面,观众看着屏幕上的人物形象在阴影中活灵活现地显现出来,它们的动作如此富有表现力,以至于人们忘记自己只是在看影子。短语on the opposite side表示“在对面”。位于句首,on的首字母需大写。故填On。
10.expressive　考查形容词。句意同上。空处作表语,用形容词。故填expressive。高效作业15必修第三册　Unit 4　Space Exploration
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[2026·长沙模拟] For any astronaut hoping to survive on the surface of the moon, growing crops will be essential. Now, scientists have taken “one small step” toward growing plants on the lunar surface, after showing it's possible to grow thale cress, a small flowering plant, in lunar soil. The findings raise hopes that plants could be grown on the moon during future space missions, and even enable mankind to set up a lunar settlement. “For future longer space missions, we may use the moon as a launching platform,” explained Professor Rob Ferl. “It makes sense that we would want to use the soil that's already there to grow plants.”
While previous studies have dusted plants with lunar soil to test for organisms, until now, scientists have not grown plants in the soil. “So, what happens when you grow plants in lunar soil What would plants do in a lunar greenhouse Could we have lunar farmers ” Professor Ferl questioned.
To answer these questions, researchers from Florida set out to plant thale cress seeds in lunar soil, add water, nutrients, and light, and see what happened. The researchers chose to use thale cress because its genetic code has already been fully mapped.
For comparison, the researchers also planted seeds in a range of soils, including those that simulate Martian soils. To their delight, the researchers found that nearly all of the seeds grew. However, they did observe differences between the plants grown in the lunar soil and those grown in the control soils. Some of the plants grown in the lunar soil were smaller, while others grew more slowly or were more varied in size.
Growing plants in lunar soil may also change the moon itself, according to Dr Stephen Elardo. “The moon is a very, very dry place,” he said. “How will minerals in the lunar soil respond to having a plant grown in them, with the added water and nutrients Will adding water make the minerals friendlier to plants ” The researchers hope to answer these questions in follow up studies.
(　 　)1.What does Ferl think of the findings
A.They benefit the next generation of lunar explorers.
B.They turn the moon into a perfect launching platform.
C.They are a good starting point to explore space.
D.They bring hope for the future agriculture.
(　 　)2.Why did researchers use thale cress in the experiment
A.Its genes are suitable for lunar soil.
B.It has a long evolutionary history.
C.It has been dusted with lunar soil before.
D.People have a good knowledge of its genes.
(　 　)3.What did researchers find about the plants grown in lunar soil
A.They absorbed few nutrients.
B.They grew slowly in the dark.
C.They didn't grow well enough.
D.They needed more water to grow bigger.
(　 　)4.What is the best title for the text
A.Scientists Hope to Collect More Lunar Soil
B.Scientists Conduct a Study on Lunar Soil
C.Scientists Prepare for Farming on the Moon
D.Scientists Grow Plants in Lunar Soil Successfully
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2026·湖州模拟] In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. 1.　 　 Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: What can we do if Earth can no longer sustain us
2.　 　 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. 3.　 　 Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life.
However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, traveling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth ever. 4.　 　 As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two year experiment was a failure, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.
Anyway, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe. 5.　 　
A.That definitely is a big step forward.
B.Right now, it's the only one we have.
C.One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.
D.Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn't impossible, as proved by scientists.
E.Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.
F.Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth.
G.Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own.
Ⅲ.完形填空
What could pointing a race car toward the finish line and pointing a camera at the Milky Way have in common More than you might imagine. Race car driver Bubba Wallace and photographer Babak Tafreshi journeyed together to Utah's remote Gooseberry Mesa for a(n) 　1　 aimed at capturing the night sky.
Gooseberry Mesa, far from population centers, is 　2　 from the nighttime light pollution, making it perfect for star photographers. Nature night environments such as this are 　3　.
Camping, hiking, and shooting stars in mountainous Mesa highlight the 　4　 between photography and racing. Bubba 　5　, “Once you fire up the 　6　, there's no turning back—I know I'll be in that seat for more than three hours.” Babak agrees, “I have the same feeling as soon as I touch the wheel of my camera—I'm ready to continue through the entire night.” For Bubba, developing 　7　 allows him to mature as a driver and is equally essential to his photography.
Seizing the moment is crucial, too. “Every minute things are 　8　 —Earth's shadow, the moonlight, the rise of stars,” Babak explains. “If you lose the moment, it's gone forever.” Bubba finds the physical and 　9　 demands of racing crucial when traveling in Utah's 　10　 landscape under freezing temperatures.
Think incoming clouds, wind, or mist will 　11　 your chance at a perfect shot Babak says, “With wide angle nightscapes, every 　12　 weather condition can be an opportunity. Our photos show oranges and blues around the moon you wouldn't see under a clear sky.”
The team discovered shared 　13　 that go beyond photography. “We're both passionate about bringing cultures together and using our work to 　14　 boundaries,” says Babak. “The night sky has a 　15　 power. The sky connects the whole world under one umbrella.”
(　 　)1.A.adventure B.business
C.family D.point
(　 　)2.A.recalled B.reminded
C.reflected D.protected
(　 　)3.A.challenging B.absurd
C.rare D.common
(　 　)4.A.emphasis B.difference
C.importance D.similarity
(　 　)5.A.notes B.predicts
C.evaluates D.concludes
(　 　)6.A.intelligence B.engine
C.star D.feeling
(　 　)7.A.energy B.patience
C.creativity D.ambition
(　 　)8.A.changing B.moving
C.growing D.rising
(　 　)9.A.economic B.electric
C.mental D.tight
(　 　)10.A.delicate B.calm
C.rugged D.poor
(　 　)11.A.ruin B.improve
C.demand D.adjust
(　 　)12.A.similar B.unexpected
C.normal D.breathtaking
(　 　)13.A.interests B.profits
C.benefits D.advantages
(　 　)14.A.take up B.get through
C.turn down D.break down
(　 　)15.A.regular B.respectful
C.terrifying D.unifying
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The night sky 1.　 　(be) an endless source of fascination since the start of human history. However, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for long, people were unable to understand what they could see.
Our power 2.　 　(investigate) and understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was invented, 3.　 　 increased the power of the human eye. It also enabled us to understand that the universe is far 4.　 　(large) than was previously imaginable.
Almost 400 years after the first ground base telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope 5.　 　(launch) into orbit, 6.　 　(give) astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth. To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged 7.　 　 building ever more advanced telescopes. 8.　 　(current), China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, 9.　 　(complete) in 2016.
Using ever larger radio telescopes as our eyes, we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe, before the 10.　 　(exist) of light. But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of an incredible journey of discovery. 高效作业14必修第三册　Unit 3　Diverse Cultures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2022·全国甲卷] Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I'll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords(口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving(解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2,000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3,000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
(　 　)1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Sydney's striking architecture.
B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C.The key to Sydney's development.
D.Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.
(　 　)2.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A.He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C.He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
(　 　)3.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A.It is losing its traditions.
B.It should speed up its progress.
C.It should expand its population.
D.It is becoming more international.
(　 　)4.Which statement will the author probably agree with
A.A city can be young and old at the same time.
B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
B
[2026·恩施模拟] In the era of globalization today, different cultures are interacting more than ever before. While this has brought about many positive exchanges, it has also put some unique cultures at risk. Anthropologists who study human race, and cultural preservationists are working hard to protect cultural practices that are in danger of disappearing.
“Globalization has led to more uniform cultures in some aspects,” said Dr Elena Rodriguez, a leading anthropologist at the University of Cambridge. “Popular culture, driven by media and the Internet, often overshadows local and traditional cultures. We need to understand the possible effects of this trend and find ways to preserve the cultural heritage that makes each community unique.”
Using a vast database of cultural practices from around the world, Dr Rodriguez and her team studied how cultural traditions are passed down through generations and how they adapt to modern influences. They discovered some cultural practices are more adaptable than others. For example, traditional festivals with strong community participation tend to survive better, while some niche(小众的) handicraft making skills are at risk of being lost due to a lack of younger generations interested in learning them.
Another significant factor affecting cultural diversity is urbanization. As people move from rural areas to cities, they often leave behind some of their traditional ways of life. “In urban environments, there is a tendency to adopt more mainstream cultural standards,” said Dr Rodriguez. “This doesn't mean rural cultures are not good, but rather that the pull of modern urban living can weaken the uniqueness of traditional cultures.”
So, what can be done to protect cultural diversity “Education is key,” Dr Rodriguez noted. “By teaching younger generations about the value of their cultural heritage in schools, we can develop a sense of pride and responsibility. Cultural institutions can also play a crucial role. Museums, for instance, can showcase traditional artifacts and stories, making them accessible to a wider audience.”
Moreover, governments and international organizations can support cultural preservation projects. This can include providing funding for cultural festivals, promoting local languages, and protecting historical sites. Cultural tourism projects can be designed to introduce people to lesser known cultural traditions all over the world.
(　 　)5.What effects does globalization have on cultures nowadays
A.It has little impact on cultures.
B.It brings about a mixed bag.
C.It has more positive effects.
D.It contributes to traditional cultures.
(　 　)6.What does Dr Rodriguez's study mainly focus on
A.How cultural traditions are influenced and changed.
B.How traditional festivals are celebrated and preserved.
C.How cultural traditions are handed down and survive.
D.How handicraft making skills are taught and learned.
(　 　)7.How can cultural institutions make a difference to the protection of cultural diversity
A.They can provide funding for cultural festivals.
B.They can teach local languages in schools.
C.They can design cultural tourism projects.
D.They can expose the audience to traditional items and stories.
(　 　)8.What is a suitable title for the text
A.Protecting Cultural Diversity: A Global Mission
B.Understanding Traditional Cultures: A Basic Requirement
C.Observing Traditional Festivals: A Wide Participation
D.Preserving Cultural Diversity: An Overall Urbanization
Ⅱ.完形填空
Ollivier Jean Baptiste, a vlogger from France living in China, delivered a speech on the episode of the China Daily Youth Power series. The episode, named “Timeless Tales from China”, was 　1　 on Jan.30.
In his speech, titled “Bridging Cultures: A Personal 　2　 from France to China”, he spoke about his 　3　 impressions of China. Just like his family and friends, he saw China as a distant and 　4　place with a culture entirely different from France and other Western countries.
“My wife took me to see the flag raising 　5　 in Tian'anmen Square. Witnessing countless young people rushing 　6　 the flag, I was deeply moved. It's a country of strength, unity, and love,” he said.
When Jean Baptiste visited his Chinese wife's hometown for the first time, he couldn't speak much Chinese. But he felt the warmth of home in a foreign country and was 　7　 to live in China, he said. All of these experiences made Jean Baptiste eager to 　8　 different aspects of Chinese culture. He visited many tourist　9　 in China. When he returned to France for vacation and 　10　 photos of his travels and life in China with his family, they were also excited.
　11　 his fantastic personal experiences in China, Jean Baptiste noticed that friendly interactions between the two countries are 　12　. After learning about the 15 day visa free travel from France to China, his family and friends couldn't wait to 　13　 their trip to China. “I'm overjoyed to 　14　 them during the 60th anniversary of China France diplomatic relations, showcasing China's modern development and rich history,” he said. “I may be just an ordinary person with 　15　 influence, but everyone can be a cultural ambassador.”
(　 　)1.A.produced B.published
C.acknowledged D.aired
(　 　)2.A.Business B.Journey
C.Program D.Exhibition
(　 　)3.A.last B.real
C.initial D.right
(　 　)4.A.similar B.familiar
C.mysterious D.plain
(　 　)5.A.ceremony B.activity
C.show D.display
(　 　)6.A.from B.in
C.toward D.for
(　 　)7.A.thrilled B.worried
C.embarrassed D.surprised
(　 　)8.A.collect B.explore
C.fetch D.accumulate
(　 　)9.A.homes B.attractions
C.centers D.routes
(　 　)10.A.shared B.delivered
C.exchanged D.printed
(　 　)11.A.Regardless of B.In spite of
C.Apart from D.Far from
(　 　)12.A.declining B.increasing
C.growing D.developing
(　 　)13.A.cancel B.stop
C.book D.suspend
(　 　)14.A.relax B.join
C.visit D.host
(　 　)15.A.special B.limited
C.significant D.extensive
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2026·宁波三中模拟] German sinologist(汉学家) Martin Woesler, 1.　 　 a lifelong enthusiast of Chinese culture and literature, has lived, worked and studied in China for over 30 years. Recently he made his first visit to Dunhuang, a city on the old Silk Road in northwest 2.　 　(China) Gansu Province. Despite his lengthy stay in the country, Dunhuang ended up 3.　 　(provide) him with a cultural experience unlike any other.
Before going to Dunhuang, Woesler had done his homework. From books, he gathered vivid impressions of Dunhuang—a city encircled by desert, a treasure of art and heritage, 4.　 　 a cultural crossroads shaped by centuries of Silk Road exchanges. However, when the words and images contained in the books 5.　 　(confirm) by his own eyes, Woesler was totally impressed by 6.　 　 unexpected sense of cultural connection—one that bridged both time and geography.
In Cave 285, often 7.　 　(refer) to as a “gathering of diverse cultures”, the murals(壁画) feature an extraordinary collection of 8.　 　(figure)—Apollo and Diana from Greek tales, Fuxi and Nüwa from Chinese ancient stories, flying Apsaras from Indian Buddhism and feathered immortals from Taoism. “9.　 　(incredible), such magnificent, diverse and millennia old civilizations coexist harmoniously within a single cave,” noted Woesler.
“Dunhuang is truly an amazing place. Few places have such deep cultural influence in the world,” said Woesler, 10.　 　 believes that even today, across thousands of years, people from different countries can still draw wisdom and strength from Dunhuang's spirit of inclusiveness and mutual learning. 高效作业12必修第三册　Unit 1　Festivals and Celebrations(见学生用书P23)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2026·合肥模拟] The Cheese Rolling Festival in Gloucestershire
Every year, on the last Monday in May, the small village of Brockworth in Gloucestershire, England, hosts one of the most unusual and thrilling events in the world: the Cheese Rolling Festival. Participants gather at the top of Cooper's Hill, a steep and grassy slope, to chase a large wheel of Double Gloucester cheese as it rolls down the hill. The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom wins the cheese.
What Happens at the Cheese Rolling Festival
The event begins with the master of ceremonies introducing the cheese and the rules. The cheese is then released, and competitors race down the hill after it. Due to the steepness of the hill, most participants end up tumbling and rolling rather than running. The race is incredibly full of risks, with many participants suffering minor injuries such as bruises and sprains. Despite the risks, the event attracts hundreds of participants and spectators from around the world.
The Rules of the Cheese Rolling Festival:
* Only one cheese is released per race, and the first person to cross the finish line wins it.
* Participants must start at the top of the hill and cannot interfere with the cheese's path.
* Safety gear is not compulsory, but participants are advised to wear sturdy clothing and shoes.
* Spectators must stay clear of the race path to avoid accidents.
Useful Tips:
* Wear old clothes and shoes that you don't mind getting dirty or damaged.
* Be prepared for physical exhaustion and potential minor injuries.
* Arrive early to secure a good viewing spot, as the event attracts large crowds.
* If you're not from the area, book accommodation well in advance, as local hotels fill up quickly.
(　C　)1.What do participants do at the Cheese Rolling Festival
A.They compete to see which cheese rolls down the hill the fastest.
B.They roll a large wheel of cheese down the hill.
C.They chase a cheese rolling down the hill.
D.They watch others race down a hill.
(　B　)2.Why is the Cheese Rolling Festival considered dangerous
A.Because the cheese is very heavy.
B.Because the hill is steep and participants often get injured.
C.Because it attracts participants from all over the world.
D.Because the event takes place early at day.
(　B　)3.What should spectators do during the event
A.They should participate in the race.
B.They should keep away from the race path.
C.They should bring their own cheese.
D.They should wear protective clothes.
【文本大意】本文主要介绍了英国格洛斯特郡布罗克沃斯村的滚奶酪节,包括活动内容、规则及实用提示。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Participants gather at the top of Cooper's Hill, a steep and grassy slope, to chase a large wheel of Double Gloucester cheese as it rolls down the hill.(参与者聚集在库珀山顶,这是一处陡峭且长满青草的斜坡,他们追逐一大块向下滚动的双层格洛斯特干酪。)”可知,参与者的任务是追逐滚下山坡的奶酪。故选C。
2.B　细节理解题。根据“What Happens at the Cheese Rolling Festival ”部分中的“Due to the steepness of the hill, most participants end up tumbling and rolling rather than running. The race is incredibly full of risks, with many participants suffering minor injuries(由于山坡陡峭,大多数参与者最终是翻滚着前进而非奔跑。比赛充满风险,许多人会受轻伤)”可知,滚奶酪节危险的原因是山坡陡峭且参与者经常受伤。故选B。
3.B　细节理解题。根据“The Rules of the Cheese Rolling Festival” 部分中的“Spectators must stay clear of the race path to avoid accidents.(观众必须远离赛道以避免事故。)”可知,观众需远离赛道。故选B。
B
[2026·温州模拟] On November 1, 1876, The New York Times, a newspaper, confidently declared that Halloween would disappear forever. However, in 2024, consumers are expected to spend $11.6 billion celebrating the holiday, up from $3.3 billion in 2005. Perhaps it is time for the newspaper to eat crow.
Halloween has transformed from a feast day to a celebration with lovingly homemade costumes and treats, and to one of the largest consumer spending holidays in America.
But how did this holiday with humble origins become an economic boost with global appeal “Halloween is a marketer's dream,” said Arnold, a finance professor. It falls on the same day every year. Halloween items are largely consumable, for candy needs to be met every year and kids outgrow costumes, and pop culture trends can help predict which costumes will be the must haves each season. The 1970s brought mass manufactured costumes and individually wrapped candy that made the holiday explode in popularity. It also shifted from a more religious holiday to a mass celebration.
“Even when consumers are worried about their finances, they'll still open their wallets for holidays,” Professor Arnold said, “because they create a unique experience at a particular time of the year.”
Trick or treating came about as a way to distract children who, by 1900, had taken over the holiday. Kids only played simple but mischievous pranks. However, as time passed and America began urbanizing, the pranks became very munities needed a way to “buy off” gangs of naughty children who were frightening neighbors by damaging furniture, setting tires on fire and even tripping people on sidewalks. Neighborhood house to house parties were held for kids. This origin of trick or treat also provided the basis for today's haunted attractions like haunted houses and mazes as people would set up “trails of terror” in their basements.
(　B　)4.What does the underlined phrase “eat crow” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Keep its promise.
B.Make an apology.
C.Announce something officially.
D.Report an event.
(　B　)5.What has Halloween changed into
A.A tradition that has already vanished.
B.A holiday that drives people to spend.
C.A festival that features decorations.
D.A feast that is liked all over the world.
(　D　)6.Why do people spend much on holidays like Halloween
A.To get fashionable costumes.
B.To show their faith in the religion.
C.To boost the economy in their way.
D.To gain a special experience.
(　C　)7.What is the origin of trick or treat
A.It is designed to keep children amused.
B.It serves as a purpose of driving evils away.
C.It is a way to keep children from playing destructive tricks.
D.It is a way to strengthen the bond between kids and adults.
【文本大意】文章主要介绍了万圣节的历史起源以及发展情况。
4.B　词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“On November 1, 1876, The New York Times, a newspaper, confidently declared that Halloween would disappear forever. However, in 2024, consumers are expected to spend $11.6 billion celebrating the holiday, up from $3.3 billion in 2005.(1876年11月1日,《纽约时报》自信地宣布万圣节将永远消失。然而,到2024年,消费者预计将花费116亿美元来庆祝这个节日,高于2005年的33亿美元。)”可知,《纽约时报》曾断言万圣节会永远消失,但实际上现在人们在万圣节的消费大幅增加,所以这里说也许是时候让这家报纸“eat crow”,即这家报纸应该为之前错误的断言而道歉。故画线短语的意思是“道歉”。故选B。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Halloween has transformed from a feast day to a celebration with lovingly homemade costumes and treats, and to one of the largest consumer spending holidays in America.(万圣节已经从一个宗教节日演变成充满可爱的自制服装和美食庆祝的节日,再发展为美国最大的消费节日之一。)”可知,万圣节成为一个促使人们消费的节日。故选B。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Even when consumers are worried about their finances, they'll still open their wallets for holidays,’ Professor Arnold said, ‘because they create a unique experience at a particular time of the year.’(阿诺德教授说:‘即使消费者担心自己的财务状况,他们仍然会为节日打开钱包,因为它们在一年中的特定时间创造了独特的体验。’)”可知,人们会在像万圣节这样的节日里花很多钱是为了获得特别的经历。故选D。
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Trick or treating came about as a way to distract children... who were frightening neighbors by damaging furniture, setting tires on fire and even tripping people on sidewalks.(‘不给糖就捣蛋’是为了分散孩子们的注意力,到1900年,孩子们已经接管了这个节日。孩子们只玩一些简单的恶作剧。然而,随着时间的推移和美国开始城市化,这些恶作剧变得非常具有破坏性。社区需要一种方法来‘收买’一群淘气的孩子,这些孩子破坏家具,点燃轮胎,甚至在人行道上绊倒人,以此来吓唬邻居。)”可知,“不给糖就捣蛋”的起源是一种防止孩子们玩破坏性把戏的方法。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A father and son went to the kite flying festival. The young son became very happy seeing the sky 　1　 with colorful kites. He asked his father to get him a kite and a thread with a roller so he could fly a kite, too. So, the father went to the shop at the park where the festival was being held. He purchased kites and a roll of thread for his son.
The son started to fly a kite. Soon, his kite 　2　 high up in the sky. The son said, “Father, it seems that the thread is holding up a kite from flying higher. If we cut off the thread, the kite will be 　3　 and will go flying even higher. Can we cut it off ” So, the father cut the thread from a roller. The kite started to go a little higher. That made the son very 　4　.
But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. And soon it fell down on the terrace of the 　5　 building. The young son was surprised to see this. He asked his father, “Father, I thought that after cutting off the thread, the kite could freely fly higher. But why did it fall down ”
The father explained, “Son, at the 　6　 of life that we live in, we often think there are some things we are tied to and that they are 　7　 us from going higher. The thread was not stopping the kite from going higher, but it was helping it stay higher when the wind slowed down and when the wind 　8　, you helped the kite go up higher in a 　9　 direction through the thread. And when we cut the thread, the kite fell down without the 　10　 you were providing for it through the thread.” The son realized his mistake.
Sometimes we feel that we can 　11　 quickly and reach new heights if we were not 　12　 up with our family, our home. But we 　13　 to realize that our family, our loved ones help us survive the tough time in our lives with their support and 　14　 us to reach higher heights in life. They are not 　15　 us, but are supporting us. Never let go of them.
(　B　)1.A.equipped B.filled
C.armed D.charged
(　B　)2.A.arrived B.reached
C.returned D.left
(　A　)3.A.free B.active
C.tight D.loose
(　C　)4.A.upset B.anxious
C.happy D.depressed
(　D　)5.A.low B.dusty
C.dirty D.unknown
(　C　)6.A.weight B.size
C.height D.quality
(　A　)7.A.preventing B.banning
C.protecting D.tracking
(　C　)8.A.raised up B.set up
C.speeded up D.put up
(　A　)9.A.proper B.disgusting
C.mistaken D.puzzling
(　D　)10.A.trust B.evidence
C.flight D.support
(　A　)11.A.progress B.attach
C.absorb D.propose
(　B　)12.A.bonded B.tied
C.admired D.founded
(　D　)13.A.convince B.attempt
C.happen D.fail
(　C　)14.A.impress B.highlight
C.encourage D.boast
(　C　)15.A.bullying B.laughing
C.holding D.pushing
【文本大意】文章讲述父子参加风筝节,儿子认为剪断线风筝能飞得更高,结果风筝落地,父亲借此告诉儿子“家人是支持而非束缚我们”的道理。
1.B　句意:小儿子看到天空中满是五颜六色的风筝变得非常高兴。A. equip 配备;B. fill 充满;C. arm装备;D. charge 控告,指控 。故选B。
2.B　句意:很快,他的风筝就飞到了高高的天空。A. arrive到达,抵达(常与at/in搭配);B. reach达到;C. return返回;D. leave离开。故选B。
3.A　句意:如果我们剪断线,风筝就会自由,会飞得更高。A. free自由的;B. active活跃的;C. tight紧的;D. loose松散的。故选A。
4.C　句意:那让儿子非常高兴。A. upset烦恼的;B. anxious焦虑的;C. happy高兴的;D. depressed沮丧的。故选C。
5.D　句意:很快它落在了那座不知名的建筑物的露台上。A. low低的;B. dusty布满灰尘的;C. dirty脏的;D. unknown不知名的。故选D。
6.C　句意:父亲解释说:“儿子,在我们生活的这个高度上,我们常常认为有一些东西束缚着我们,它们阻碍我们飞得更高。”A.weight重量;B.size尺寸;C.height高,高度;D.quality质量。故选C。
7.A　句意同上。A. prevent阻止;B. ban禁止;C. protect保护;D. track 跟踪。故选A。
8.C　句意:“这条线并没有阻止风筝飞得更高,而是在风慢下来的时候帮助它保持在更高的地方,当风加速的时候,你通过这条线帮助风筝在一个合适的方向上飞得更高。”A. raise up举起;B. set up建立;C. speed up加速;D. put up张贴。故选C。
9.A　句意同上。A. proper合适的;B. disgusting令人厌恶的;C. mistaken 错误的;D. puzzling令人困惑的。故选A。
10.D　句意:“当我们剪断线时,风筝没了你通过线给它提供的支撑,它就落了下来。”A. trust信任;B. evidence证据;C. flight飞行;D. support 支持。故选D。
11.A　句意:有时我们觉得,如果我们不被家庭、我们的家束缚,我们可以快速进步,达到新的高度。A. progress进步;B. attach附上;C. absorb 吸收;D. propose提议,建议。故选A。
12.B　句意同上。A. bond粘合;B. tie捆,绑,be tied up with表示“被……束缚”,符合句意;C. admire钦佩;D. found建立。故选B。
13.D　句意:但我们没有意识到,我们的家人、我们所爱的人用他们的支持帮助我们熬过生活中的艰难时期,鼓励我们在生活中达到更高的高度。A. convince使信服;B. attempt尝试;C. happen发生;D. fail未做到。故选D。
14.C　句意同上。A. impress给……留下印象;B. highlight强调;C. encourage 鼓励;D. boast吹嘘。故选C。
15.C　句意:他们不是在束缚我们,而是在支持我们。A. bully欺负,恐吓;B. laugh嘲笑;C. hold阻止,束缚;D. push推。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2026·邯郸模拟] Large amounts of molten(熔融的) iron are thrown up into the air, spreading out and turning into a wonderful sight of sparks dancing in the night sky. The display is 1.　a　 unique traditional Chinese folk art called datiehua.
Datiehua, 2.　literally　(literal) meaning “striking iron flowers”, has been fascinating audiences for centuries. In this breathtaking performance, the iron is heated to over 1,000℃, 3.　making　(make) it extremely hot. Using wooden sticks, the skilled performers hit the molten iron, sending showers of sparks high into the air, 4.　which　 looks like a fireworks display, creating a festive and thrilling atmosphere.
Datiehua originated in the Northern Song Dynasty and gained 5.　popularity　(popular) during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Over the centuries, it has spread far and wide across different regions in China, with each area adding its own unique flavor to the performance, resulting in 6.　various/varied　(vary) styles.
In 2008, it 7.　was included　(include) in China's Representative List of State Level Intangible Cultural Heritage Items, highlighting 8.　its　(it) significance in preserving traditional culture. Today, datiehua not only continues to be a beloved form of entertainment but also serves 9.　as　 a bridge to connect the past and the present. It invites more and more people 10.　to explore　(explore) and appreciate this incredible art form, keeping the ancient tradition alive and dynamic.
【文本大意】本文主要讲述了中国独特的传统民间艺术 “打铁花”,包括它的表演形式、起源、发展以及作为国家级非物质文化遗产的意义,并且强调了它在连接过去和现在以及传承传统文化方面所起到的作用。
1.a　考查冠词。句意:这种表演是一种独特的中国传统民间艺术,叫作打铁花。此处泛指 “一种独特的中国传统民间艺术”,且“unique”以辅音音素开头。故填a。
2.literally　考查副词。句意:打铁花,从字面上看意思是 “击打铁花”,几个世纪以来一直吸引着观众。“literally” 修饰动词“meaning”,表示“从字面上看”,用副词形式作状语。故填 literally。
3.making　考查非谓语动词。句意:在这场令人惊叹的表演中,铁被加热到 1 000 多摄氏度,使得它极其烫。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词is heated,因此空处为非谓语动词;“make”与前面整个句子所描述的情况之间是逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词 “making” 作结果状语。故填making。
4.which　考查定语从句。句意:技艺娴熟的表演者用木棍击打熔融的铁,将阵阵火花抛向高空,这看起来就像一场烟花表演,营造出一种喜庆而激动人心的氛围。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主语,因此用“which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
5.popularity　考查名词。句意:打铁花起源于北宋时期,在明清时期开始流行。“gained” 是及物动词,后接名词作宾语,“popular” 的名词形式是 “popularity”,“gain popularity” 表示 “变得流行”。故填popularity。
6.various/varied　考查形容词。句意:几个世纪以来,它在中国不同地区广泛传播,每个地区都为这种表演增添了自己独特的韵味,形成了各种各样的风格。“styles” 是名词,用形容词修饰,“various/varied”表示“各种各样的”。故填various或varied。
7.was included　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:2008 年,它被列入中国的国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录,突显了它在保护传统文化方面的重要性。根据 “In 2008” 可知,本句时态用一般过去时;此处是“被包括在名录里”,因此用一般过去时的被动语态;主语为“it”,被动语态的助动词用“was”。故填was included。
8.its　考查代词。句意同上。“significance”是名词,用形容词性物主代词修饰,“its” 表示“它的”。故填its。
9.as　考查介词。句意:如今,打铁花不仅仍然是一种深受喜爱的娱乐形式,而且还充当了连接过去和现在的桥梁。固定短语“serve as”意为 “充当;作为”。故填as。
10.to explore　考查非谓语动词。句意:它邀请越来越多的人去探索和欣赏这种令人惊叹的艺术形式,让这一古老的传统保持生机与活力。“invite sb to do sth”意为“邀请某人做某事”。故填to explore。高效作业13必修第三册　Unit 2　Morals and Virtues
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[2026·衢州模拟] Always busy “doing” things If so, you may be suffering from “toxic productivity”, a destructive rather than productive behavior.
I imagine you're thinking, “Productivity must be good, right ” But toxic productivity, in contrast with regular productivity, is an excessive need to always be productive, regardless of the cost to your health, relationships, and life.
If you're driven to continuously “produce” or “do” things, whether at work or at home, the results are frequently not your best—they're usually delivered without any delay and without sufficient forethought, analysis, planning or reflection. And if, in the doing, you're also exhausted and burned out—or feeling guilty for not doing more or better—you are very likely suffering from toxic productivity.
Often, I see coaching clients who have a challenge in front of them, and their first response is to do something, at once. Anything. They don't want to sit with the problem, they don't want to think about it, and nor do they want to take time to reflect on any options for action. All they want to do is hear what the issue is—sometimes without even fully understanding it—and then quickly get straight on with the “doing”. Whatever their reason, these clients, like many people, just want to get on and “do”—even if this means getting poorer results.
There are all sorts of reasons for this toxic productivity. Number one is that “doing” often feels more comfortable than “not doing”. There's often a firm belief that action speaks louder than words and that it's a virtue to act fast. In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive. There is also a competitive culture among junior staff wanting to stand out as keen, hard working workers in order to progress in their careers. And thus, a culture of toxic productivity can develop throughout an organization.
(　 　)1.How is toxic productivity different from regular productivity
A.It is harmful.
B.It is flexible.
C.It is more efficient.
D.It is more time consuming.
(　 　)2.Who are most likely to suffer from toxic productivity
A.Clients avoiding challenges.
B.Junior staff eager to stand out.
C.Leaders satisfied with their success.
D.Workers reflecting on options before acting.
(　 　)3.What is the main reason for toxic productivity
A.A strong desire for success.
B.Too much emphasis on virtues.
C.A cultural preference for action.
D.Too much pressure from others.
(　 　)4.Which of the following best describes toxic productivity
A.Doing is undoing.
B.The sooner, the better.
C.Enough is enough.
D.Better safe than sorry.
Ⅱ.七选五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2026·南通模拟] We tend to think that our success is limited because of lack of money, time, and energy, but this is not necessarily true. Lack of self worth is often the biggest roadblock on our path to living a fulfilling life. Not all of us recognize our individual worth and the contributions we make to the world. 1.　 　
It might seem natural to measure your value by your income, physical appearance, job title, or social media popularity. 2.　 　 Because these aspects of your life can change at any moment, it's more useful to consider inner values such as compassion, generosity, leadership, respect, and kindness. 3.　 　 We all have a self talk that points out our shortcomings and failures. Whenever you begin criticizing yourself, stop and pause for a minute. Consider the virtue of what this voice is telling you. Is what you hear an objective fact Is it useful and kind If the answer is no, then this criticism is not worth paying attention to.
You alone are responsible for your self worth. Regardless of other people's words, thoughts, and opinions about you, you can still choose how you view yourself. 4.　 　 Don't wait for people to confirm your value. Instead, do it with your internal dialogue and your action.
We all mess up sometimes—it's part of being human. 5.　 　 It's easy to extend kindness and forgiveness to others, but you have to do yourself the same favor. There's no point in worrying about your mistakes or upsetting over the not so good decisions from the past. Self compassion is about believing that you are worthy of love regardless of what you do or fail to do.
A.Don't let your inner critic rule your thoughts.
B.What matters is what you think about yourself.
C.All these do not determine your value and self worth.
D.But when you do, you must forgive yourself and let it go.
E.Treat yourself with the love and care that others give you.
F.Pay attention to the perceptions about where you should be.
G.Nevertheless, you can build self worth by practicing self care.
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2026·洛阳模拟] In a seemingly divided world, we often overlook daily small acts of kindness. However, the quiet power of assisting others can profoundly　1　 both the receivers and us. A recent 　2　 in a busy city vividly 　3　 the truth.
One afternoon, as commuters(通勤者) desperately 　4　 through a busy train station, an elderly man suddenly collapsed. During the 　5　, a young woman named Emily immediately stepped forward. She 　6　 close to the man, 　7　 assessing the situation, and 　8　 someone nearby to call for medical help. While others 　9　, Emily stayed with the old man, reassuring him until paramedics arrived.
Later, when asked why she acted so quickly, Emily simply said, “I couldn't just 　10　. Assisting others is what makes us human.” Her 　11　 really hit me hard, reminding us that compassion is not just a virtue but a fundamental part of who we are.
Emily's action didn't just save a life; it also 　12　 those around her. Witnesses to the event later shared how her selflessness moved them to be more 　13　 when noticing someone in need. One bystander even started volunteering at a local shelter, citing Emily's example as his motivation.
This story makes a powerful truth obvious: Assisting others is not just about grand gestures. It's about the small but decisive 　14　 we make every day—to listen, to care, and to act. In a world that often seems 　15　, these acts of kindness to strangers remind us of our shared humanity and the potential we all have to make a difference.
(　 　)1.A.comfort B.inform
C.affect D.heal
(　 　)2.A.encounter B.performance
C.trend D.campaign
(　 　)3.A.recovered B.denied
C.clarified D.proved
(　 　)4.A.walked B.hurried
C.searched D.skipped
(　 　)5.A.chaos B.conflict
C.disaster D.accident
(　 　)6.A.rested B.knelt
C.posed D.stood
(　 　)7.A.objectively B.secretly
C.cautiously D.calmly
(　 　)8.A.instructed B.encouraged
C.persuaded D.reminded
(　 　)9.A.argued B.emerged
C.complained D.hesitated
(　 　)10.A.try out B.drop in
C.stand by D.settle down
(　 　)11.A.words B.honesty
C.decisions D.courage
(　 　)12.A.promoted B.convinced
C.inspired D.secured
(　 　)13.A.forgiving B.attentive
C.understanding D.cooperative
(　 　)14.A.breakthroughs B.suggestions
C.choices D.predictions
(　 　)15.A.delightful B.hopeless
C.promising D.disconnected
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·全国甲卷] For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 1.　 　(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well known Aesop's fables date to the 2.　 　(six) century, B.C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3.　 　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone(口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4.　 　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,5.　 　(borrow) some familiar words from many age old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6.　 　(intend) for everyone.
7.　 　(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8.　 　 saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9.　 　(warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10.　 　(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.

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