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人教社2024新版八年级上册英语选词填空
（考查内容●方法指导●实战演习●参考答案）
一、核心考查内容
（一）词性变形（分值占比 70%，核心难点）
1. 动词（最高频，约 35%）
八上必考时态 + 非谓语：一般过去时（Unit1/Unit3 旅行、过去经历）：动词变过去式；
一般现在时三单（Unit2 日常习惯）；非谓语：介词后 doing、want to do、try to do、like doing；
系动词搭配：feel/become/look + 形容词；固定短语：take care of, give up, look forward to doing, spend time doing。
2. 名词（约 20%）
可数名词复数：规则（+s/es）、不规则（child-children、foot-feet）；动词变名词：decide→decision、help→help、discuss→discussion；不可数名词：health、advice、information 无复数；名词所有格：parents’、Tom’s。
3. 形容词 & 副词（约 15%）
1）形副转换：care→careful→carefully；slow→slowly 2）-ed/-ing 形容词区分：excited（人）/exciting（物）、relaxed/relaxing 3）比较级、最高级（Unit3 人物对比）：harder、more outgoing、the most popular 4）固定搭配：be good at、be interested in、feel tired
4. 代词、连词、介词（基础填空）
物主代词转换：he→him→his；I→me→my→mine
逻辑连词：but（转折）、so（结果）、because（原因）、however（然而）、instead（代替）；频率副词：hardly、usually、never、almost
（二）语篇逻辑考查
转折逻辑：but/however，前后语义相反；因果逻辑：because/so；递进顺序：First、Second、Also、What’s more；上下文复现：前文出现名词，后文空格对应同根词；
情感线索：sad/happy/excited/worried 匹配人物情绪。
标准四步解题法
Step1：通读全文，抓主旨，圈线索（30 秒）
不看选项，快速读完整篇；圈出三类关键信号：
时间词：yesterday/last week→过去时；every day/often→一般现在时；
逻辑词：but, so, because, however；
系动词、情态动词、介词（提示空格词性）。 目的：预判全文时态、人物情感，避免孤立单句填空。
Step2：标注方框单词，按词性分类（1 分钟）
给每个备选词标注：n./v./adj./adv./pron./conj.，多义词双标（interest n./v.），同时标注中文含义。：判断空格词性后，直接缩小选词范围，排除无关单词。
Step3：逐空判断词性 + 选词 + 变形（核心步骤）
1）快速判断空格词性口诀
空前 a/an/the/ 形容词 / 物主代词 → 填名词（注意单复数）
主语后、宾语前，缺动作 → 填动词（看时态、三单、非谓语）
be/feel/become/look 后 → 填形容词
修饰动词 / 形容词 / 整句话、句首逗号隔开 → 填副词
and 连接并列结构：前后词性必须一致
介词（of/for/in/without）后 → 名词 /doing
2）选词三原则
① 语法匹配（词性、时态、单复数）； ② 语义通顺（贴合上下文情绪、事件）； ③ 固定搭配优先（八上短语直接锁定答案）。
3）词形变形优先级（八上必考）
动词变形：过去式→三单→doing/to do；名词变形：复数→动词变名词；形容词：-ed/-ing→比较级→副词；代词：主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词。
Step4：复读全文，全面检查（30 秒）
四项检查要点：
每词只用一次，多余项未使用；
时态、单复数、比较级、非谓语无拼写错误；
全文逻辑通顺，转折 / 因果无矛盾；
句首单词首字母大写（First、Instead 等）。
三、实战演习
做题要求：用方框内单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次，每篇10空，每篇12词含2个多余词汇。
Test 1: My Unforgettable School Study Trip
diary, hill, activity, feed, bird, few, seem, try, boring, anyone, wonderful, wait
Our school held a wonderful study trip last weekend. I kept a (1)________ to record my special experience. We climbed a green (2)________ and took part in many interesting outdoor (3)________. We (4)________ lovely little (5)________ with grain. There were quite a (6)________ beautiful views around us. No (7)________ felt bored during the trip. All the activities (8)________ really great and meaningful. We (9)________ our best to take photos and enjoyed the day. It was a (10)________ school trip for all of us.
Test 2: My Scientific Daily Lifestyle
habit, health, exercise, hardly, twice, sleep, relax, junk, coffee, maybe, little, often
Good living (1)________ are very important for teenagers’ (2)________. I (3)________ eat (4)________ food and never drink strong (5)________. I do sports (6)________ a week to keep my body active. I (7)________ ever stay up late on school nights. I usually (8)________ for eight hours every night and (9)________ myself by reading on weekends. (10)________ more students will develop such a healthy lifestyle.
Test 3: My Best Friend and Me
outgoing, loud, hard-working, talent, win, quiet, clear, laugh, smart, friendly, shy, kid
My best friend Amy is more (1)________ than me. She speaks much (2)________ in group discussions and loves sharing ideas. I am a little (3)________ and like staying (4)________ when I study. She is more (5)________ in dancing and always (6)________ school dance competitions. We are both (7)________ and study much (8)________ than before. We often (9)________ together and share our feelings. Her advice is always (10)________ and useful for me.
Test 4: My Favorite Places Around School
close, cheap, comfortable, service, screen, ticket, fresh, choose, town, seat, poor, theater
Our school is in a quiet small (1)________. The neighborhood movie (2)________ is popular with students. It has the biggest (3)________ and the most (4)________ seats. It is the (5)________ to our school, so most students (6)________ it on weekends. Its movie (7)________ are cheap and it provides the best (8)________ for students. The nearby fruit shop sells the (9)________ fruits, and students can shop most (10)________ there.
Test 5: My Views on Short Videos
show, mind, educational, expect, stand, joke, plan, talent, news, talk, boring, learn
Nowadays, many students watch short video (1)________ after finishing homework. I don’t (2)________ watching useful and positive (3)________. I love (4)________ shows because I can (5)________ different skills from the performers. I can’t (6)________ meaningless videos with silly (7)________. My parents (8)________ me to watch more (9)________ programs. I also (10)________ to select good videos to improve myself.
Test 6: My Growth Dream and Plan
grow, college, improve, write, article, send, sure, hobby, practice, cook, engineer, doctor
When I (1)________ up, I want to be a writer. Writing is my favorite (2)________. I keep (3)________ short (4)________ in my free time. I plan to study in a key (5)________ to (6)________ my writing skills. I will (7)________ my articles to magazines and (8)________ my writing every day. I am (9)________ that my dream (10)________ will come true with continuous hard work.
Test 7: Future Green School Life
plant, paper, environment, robot, less, build, pollute, predict, human, many, sea, space
Experts (1)________ that future school life will become greener and smarter. There will be (2)________ waste because students will save (3)________ and other resources. Schools will (4)________ more trees and flowers to protect the school (5)________. Smart (6)________ will help (7)________ finish repetitive school work. People will not (8)________ the environment around schools. Schools will (9)________ more eco-friendly classrooms, and students will get (10)________ time to develop hobbies.
Test 8: Homemade Fruit Salad for Students
peel, banana, watermelon, cut, piece, pour, honey, yogurt, spoon, mix, add, salt
It is easy and fun for students to make fruit salad at home. First, (1)________ two fresh (2)________ and one small (3)________. Next, (4)________ all the fruits into small (5)________ and put them into a clean bowl. Then (6)________ some sweet (7)________ and nutritious (8)________ into the bowl. Use a clean (9)________ to (10)________ all the ingredients together. The delicious salad is ready!
四、参考答案
Test 1
(1)diary (2)hill (3)activities (4)fed (5)birds (6)few (7)anyone (8)seemed (9)tried (10)wonderful
Test 2
(1)habits (2)health (3)hardly (4)junk (5)coffee (6)twice (7)hardly (8)sleep (9)relax (10)Maybe
Test 3
(1)outgoing (2)louder (3)shyer (4)quietly (5)talented (6)wins (7)hard-working (8)harder (9)laugh (10)clear
Test
(1)town (2)theater (3)screens (4)comfortable (5)closest (6)choose (7)tickets (8)service (9)freshest (10)cheaply
Test 5
(1)shows (2)mind (3)news (4)talent (5)learn (6)stand (7)jokes (8)expect (9)educational (10)plan
Test 6
(1)grow (2)hobby (3)writing (4)articles (5)college (6)improve (7)send (8)practice (9)sure (10)hobby
Test 7
(1)predict (2)less (3)paper (4)plant (5)environment (6)robots (7)humans (8)pollute (9)build (10)more
Test 8
(1)peel (2)bananas (3)watermelon (4)cut (5)pieces (6)pour (7)honey (8)yogurt (9)spoon (10)mix
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