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人教社2024新版八年级下册英语选词填空
（考查内容●方法指导●实战演习●参考答案）
八年级下册专属主题：志愿者帮扶、健康问题、情感沟通、家务劳动、环境保护、出行、历史故事、社区服务、学习压力、旧物回收。词形变形专属难点：情态动词、过去分词、现在完成时、动词不定式、动名词、复合形容词。
八下专属考查内容
（一）语法专属考点
情态动词： could /should/must /may 空格搭配：情态动词后用动词原形；could 表过去能力、委婉请求；should 提建议（Unit1、Unit2）
动词：
现在完成时 have/has + done（Unit8） 必考不规则过去分词：buy-bought, find-found, give-given, take-taken, write-written
非谓语动词
want/hope/plan/decide to do
enjoy/mind/practice/finish doing
It’s + adj. + to do sth.
give up doing, spend time doing
过去进行时： was/were doing when/while 标志词高频出现
状语从句： until, although, so that, as soon as 逻辑连词选词
比较级、最高级：多音节形容词、数量对比：bigger, the deepest, more difficult
（二）词性转换专属考点
1. 动词变形（分值最高）
1）过去式 / 过去分词：hurt-hurt, fall-fell-fallen, feel-felt-felt 2）动名词 doing、不定式 to do ；3）名词化：volunteer→volunteering, care→care, communicate→communication, develop→development
2. 名词变形
可数复数：difficulty-difficulties, kindness-kindnesses, rubbish 不可数无 s；形容词变名词：important→importance, different→difference
3. 形容词 & 副词专属变形
1）-ed /-ing：surprised/surprising, excited/exciting, relaxed/relaxing 2）名词变形容词：care→careful/carelessly, noise→noisy, luck→lucky/luckily 3）形容词变副词：quick→quickly, clear→clearly
4. 代词专属考点
反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, ourselves, themselves 固定搭配：hurt oneself, enjoy oneself, help oneself
二、八下专属解题四步法
Step1 通读全文，抓专属时态线索
圈出八下特有时间标志：
at 8:00 last night → 过去进行时 doing；already/yet/since/for → 现在完成时 done
yesterday/once → 一般过去式；every day/usually → 一般现在时三单 快速判断全文主体时态，避免时态变形失分。
Step2 标注备选词词性
单独标出特殊词：情态动词：could, should, may；不规则动词：hurt, fall, feel, give；
可变形形容词：surprise, excite, relax；反身代词：himself, ourselves 缩小选词范围，看到空格直接匹配词性。
Step3 逐空判断，八下专属判定规则
情态动词 could/should/must 后 → 动词原形；have/has 后面 → 动词过去分词 done
while/when 长动作 → was/were doing；介词 about/for/without/to（介词）→ doing；It is + ______ to do → 形容词；hurt/enjoy + ______ → 反身代词；many/a lot of 后可数名词 → 变复数；much/a little 后不可数名词，不变复数。
Step4 专属检查清单
现在完成时是否用过去分词，勿写成过去式
反身代词单复数匹配主语（we→ourselves）
过去进行时 was/were 主谓一致
名词 difficulty、family 复数变形
固定搭配：give up doing, spend doing, offer to do
三、实战演习
做题要求：从方框中选择合适单词，并用其正确形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词，有两个单词为多余干扰项。
实战演习一 校园公益宠物救助
volunteer, care, feed, break, kind, they, excite, difficult, help, luck, two, clean
Many students in our school (1)________ at the animal shelter every weekend. Last Saturday, a little dog’s leg was (2)________. It hurt (3)________ badly. We took good (4)________ of it. We (5)________ it warm milk and fresh meat. Some kids felt (6)________ because saving small animals is full of fun.
At first, we met many (7)________. We didn’t have enough food. But with people’s (8)________, we got lots of supplies.
(9)________, the dog got better soon. We learn that (10)________ small animals makes our world warmer.
实战演习二 雨夜暴雨事件
sudden, sleep, light, realize, rise, window, real, I, begin, heavy, wait, quiet
Last Friday night, I (1)________ in my bedroom when a (2)________ rain hit the town. The wind blew hard and the (3)________ outside shook heavily.
At nine thirty, the lights went off all of a (4)________. I was afraid and didn’t know what to do. I (5)________ my parents to come back home.
Half an hour later, I (6)________ the sun would (7)________ the next morning. I sat (8)________ by the bed. It was a (9)________ terrible night for (10)________.
实战演习三 亲子沟通化解矛盾
communicate, allow, argue, pressure, explain, nervous, relation, fair, guess, copy, understand, relax
Lots of teenagers have bad (1)________ with parents because of study (2)________. My mom doesn’t (3)________ me to play phone games on school days. Once we (4)________ with each other for hours. I felt so (5)________ and didn’t want to talk.
Later I tried (6)________ my feelings to her. I told her I just needed time (7)________ after study. She finally (8)________ me.
We learn that (9)________ with parents is the best way instead of (10)________ homework.
实战演习四 登山徒步挑战自我
protect, deep, wide, achieve, meter, force, nature, difficult, climb, high, they, luck
Mount Huang is one of the (1)________ mountains in Anhui. Its valleys are (2)________ and rivers are (3)________ than small streams in cities.
Many (4)________ come here every year. It’s full of (5)________ beauty. However, it’s full of (6)________ too. Strong wind may (7)________ people to stop halfway.
The story left sweet (7)________ in my heart. I decide (8)________ this book (9)________. It’s (10)________ a great educational book for teenagers.
实战演习六 旧物交换集市回忆童年
bear, scarf, sweet, check, yard, toy, cent, board, collect, memory, sell, rapid
Our class held a (1)________ sale last Sunday. I brought old (2)________ and soft (3)________ that I have (4)________ since I was five.
These small things carry (5)________ childhood memories. I didn’t want (6)________ them for just a few (7)________.
Many classmates like (8)________ old small things. Before the sale, I (9)________ all my old things carefully. Time changes so (10)________, but good memories stay.
实战演习七 家务分担家庭责任
rubbish, fold, sweep, waste, provide, depend, neither, lend, fair, develop, clean, I
Parents shouldn’t (1)________ everything for kids. Teenagers shouldn’t (2)________ on their families all the time.
At home, I could (3)________ the floor and take out the (4)________ after school. I also learn (5)________ my clothes neatly.
It’s (6)________ for everyone to share housework. Don’t make a (7)________ of water or food.
Last week, my sister didn’t wash dishes, and (8)________ did I. Later we knew we should (9)________ good living habits by (10)________.
实战演习八 博物馆奇妙研学之旅
encourage, invent, perfect, unusual, rapid, museum, collect, camera, progress, visit, surprise
I have (1)________ the science (2)________ twice. It shows many old machines people (3)________ hundreds of years ago.
These (4)________ old tools look strange but (5)________. The guide (6)________ us to watch the show about the (7)________ development of technology.
Many students like (8)________ model robots there. To my (9)________, all the works are almost (10)________.
参考答案
实战演习一
(1)volunteer (2)broken (3)itself (4)care (5)fed (6)excited (7)difficulties (8)kindness (9)Luckily (10)helping
实战演习二
(1)was sleeping (2)heavy (3)windows (4)sudden (5)waited (6)realized (7)rise (8)quietly (9)really (10)me
实战演习三
(1)relations (2)pressure (3)allow (4)argued (5)nervous (6)to explain (7)to relax (8)understood (9)communicating (10)copying
实战演习四
(1)highest (2)deeper (3)wider (4)climbers (5)natural (6)difficulties (7)force (8)achieve (9)to protect (10)Luckily
实战演习五
(1)have (2)treasure (3)ship (4)marks (5)page (6)introduced (7)memories (8)to keep (9)forever (10)really
实战演习六
(1)yard (2)toys (3)scarves (4)kept (5)sweet (6)to sell (7)cents (8)collecting (9)checked (10)rapidly
实战演习七
(1)provide (2)depend (3)sweep (4)rubbish (5)to fold (6)fair (7)waste (8)neither (9)develop (10)myself
实战演习八
(1)visited (2)museum (3)invented (4)unusual (5)perfect (6)encourages (7)rapid (8)collecting (9)surprise (10)perfect
(1)visited (2)museum (3)invented (4)unusual (5)perfect (6)encourages (7)rapid (8)collecting (9)surprise (10)perfect
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