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Unit 6 Looking into science.Lesson 3 DNA is fantastic!知识清单
Part1核心单词
1 repeat /r pi t/ v. 重复；重做
(1)repeat 重复；重做，及物动词。
repeat sth. to sb. 向某人重复某事 repeat oneself 重复自己的话 / 做过的事
repeat a mistake 重复犯同一个错误
(2)repeat v. 重复；重做→repeated adj. 反复的→ repeatedly adv. 反复地；重复地
例：The English teacher asked Tom to repeat the new sentence after her. 英语老师让汤姆跟着她重复这个新句子。
My mom repeated the safety rules to my little brother before he went out. 弟弟出门前，妈妈把安全守则又跟他重复了一遍。
Grandpa sometimes repeats himself because of his poor memory. 爷爷有时会因为记忆力不好而重复自己的话。
2 relative /'rel t v/ n. 亲戚；亲属 adj. 比较的；相关联的
(1)relative n. 亲戚；亲属
close relatives 近亲
(2)relative adj. 比较的；相关联的
be relative to 与……相关
(3)词性转换：relative adj. 比较的；相关联的 →relatively adv. 相对地→relativity n. 相对性
例：We visited our close relatives in the countryside during the Spring Festival. 春节期间，我们去乡下看望了近亲。
My cousin invited several relatives to her 15th birthday party.我表姐邀请了几位亲戚参加她的 15 岁生日派对。
The marks of this test are relative to your daily practice, not just luck. 这次考试的分数与你的日常练习相关，而不仅仅是运气。
Part2 核心短语
1 except for 除了
except for 后接名词 / 代词，可放句首或句中，排除 “不同类” 的人 / 物。
except for 后面不能直接接句子，若要接句子，需用except that。
辨析：except for, except, besides 与but
词汇 用法
except for 除了 1. 后接名词 / 代词（短语） 2. 排除对象与整体不属于同类 3. 可以放句首、句中
except 除……外 1. 后接名词 / 代词 / 从句 2. 排除对象与整体属于同类 3. 不能放句首
besides 除…… 之外（还包含） 1. 后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词 2. 强调“还有”，补充同类人/ 物
but 除了 1. 后接名词 / 代词 2. 常用于否定句 / 不定代词后（如 nothing/no one/nobody 等）
例：The classroom is very clean except for a piece of paper on the floor. 这间教室非常干净，除了地板上有一张纸。
Her composition is perfect except for two spelling mistakes. 她的作文写得很完美，除了两处拼写错误。
Everyone in our class went to the cinema yesterday except Tom. 昨天，除了汤姆以外，我们班的每个人都去看了电影。
2 in the coming years 在未来几年中
in the coming years 中，coming 是现在分词，作定语。
同义短语：in the years to come （to come 作years 的后置定语）
in the following years 在接下来的几年里
例：In the coming years, more schools will use AI technology to improve teaching efficiency. 在未来几年里，更多学校将运用人工智能技术提高教学效率。
The coming Spring Festival will be special because we’re going to travel abroad. 即将到来的春节会很特别，因为我们要去国外旅行。
3 do with 处理
(1)do with 处理；处置
do with 侧重对象，常与what 连用。 同义短语：deal with 处理；应对；与……相处 侧重方式、 方法，常与how 连用。
(2)do with 与……有关
have something/nothing to do with... 与……有/ 无关
例：I don’t know what we’ll do with them. 我不知道我们该拿他们怎么办。
Do you know what to do with your body in a speech 你知道在演讲中如何处理你的肢体姿态吗？
This has nothing to do with you. 这事与你无关。
Teachers know how to deal with kids who don’t listen. 老师知道如何应对不听讲的孩子。
4 have a big impact on 对……有重大影响
例：Science has a big impact on our lives in many ways.
5 find ways to do sth. 找到做某事的方法
例：By understanding these problems, we can find ways to reduce pollution and protect the earth.
Part3 核心句式
1 What do you think is fantastic about it 你觉得它有什么很棒的地方呢？
(1)分析结构: 本句为主系表结构的简单句。主语是What，系动词是is，fantastic 是表语，介词短语about it 是状语，do you think 为插入语。
在简单句或复合句中，都可有插入语。
①do you think 作为插入语，其本质是“额外补充的观点 表达”，特点是：去掉后句子依然完整通顺，不影响主干语法结构。
②带插入语的特殊疑问句其语序为“疑问词+ 插入语+ 陈述语序”。
③作插入语的结构还有： I think/believe/guess/suppose 等主谓句式结构
to be honest/to tell the truth 等不定式短语结构
by the way/in one word 等介词短语结构
(2)判断插入语与从句的标准：插入语去掉后句子完整， 从句(如宾语从句)去掉后句子不完整。
如：① I think that he is right → 去掉“that he is right”后，“I think”意义不完整。这说明I think 不是插入语，而是主句，that 引导的是宾语从句。
② The concert, I believe, is the best one in these years. →去掉“I believe”，剩余部分句子完整。I believe 是插入语。
(3)作插入语的结构还有： I think/believe/guess/suppose 等主谓句式结构
to be honest/to tell the truth 等不定式短语结构
by the way/in one word 等介词短语结构
例：When do you think the new school library will be open to students 你觉得新的学校图书馆什么时候会对学生开放？
Which do you think is the most interesting science experiment we’ve done 你觉得我们做过的科学实验里，哪个最有趣？
The English short film, I think, is more interesting than the textbook passages. 这部英语短片，我觉得，比课本文章更有趣。
2 After he had experimented for a long time, someone asked him if he was discouraged by all the wasted time and failed experiments.
长难句分析：本句中，After引导过去完成时的时间状语从句，主句“someone asked him... experiments”中含有 if 引导的宾语从句。
3 Isaac Newton, a British scientist, who lived over 300 years ago, said he saw further than others because he stood on the shoulders of giants.
长难句分析：这是含多重修饰的复合句。主语 Isaac Newton 后接同位语“a British scientist”和非限制性定语从句“who lived...ago”，谓语为said，宾语是省略 that 的宾语从句“he saw further than others... giants”，从句中包含 because 引导的原因状语从句。

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