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Unit 5 Culture shapes us!Lesson 5 Colourful Chinese culture.知识清单
Part1核心单词
1 thick /θ k/ adj. 厚的；浓的；粗的
thick adj.“厚的；浓的；粗的”，可以用来形容物体的厚度、汤汁/ 烟雾等的浓稠度、发须等的浓密/ 粗细度等。
词形转换：thick adj. 厚的→thickness n. 厚→thicken v. 变厚；变稠
相关短语：in thick fog/smoke 在浓雾 / 浓烟中、be thick with 充满、遍布
例：The ice on the lake is not thick enough to walk on. 湖面上的冰不够厚，不能在上面走。
Thick smoke came out of the burning house. 燃烧的房子里冒出浓烟。
2 method /'meθ d/ n. 方法；措施
由method 构成的短语有：method to do sth.(做某事的方法)、method of doing sth.(做某事的方法)、scientific method(科学方法)等。
辨析：method, way 与means
词汇 含义 适应场景 常见搭配
method 指系统、步骤化的方法 科学、技术、学术 scientific method科学方法
way 指通用、灵活的方式 日常、口语 the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳方法
means 指具体的手段或工具 正式场合、交通 / 通信 by means of通过……方式
例：Scientists use the scientific method to test hypotheses. 科学家用科学方法验证假设。
This software provides a new method of data analysis. 这个软件提供了一种新的数据分析方法。
There are many ways to solve this problem. 解决这个问题有很多方法。
Part2 核心短语
1 be made of由...制成
be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料) be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料)
2 make great efforts not to do sth. 尽量避免做某事
例：The English make great efforts not to touch strangers even by accident.
3 depend on 取决于；依靠
例：All this depends on our culture.
4 go beyond 超出
例：Culture goes beyond these.
Part3核心句式
1 Wherever you go, you will find a different group with a rich, unique culture—all are parts of Chinese culture.
长难句分析：本句是一个复合句，结构为Wherever引导的让步状语从句(Wherever you go)+ 主句(you will find...，with a rich, unique culture 作后置定语修饰a different group +all are...culture 作同位语，对前面内容进行补充说明)。
2 British people are quite reserved when greeting one another.
(1)分析结构: 这是一个复合句：主句是 British people are quite reserved(主系表结构，主语为 British people， 系动词是 are，表语是 quite reserved)；when greeting one another 是省略了 they are 的时间状语从句(完整形式为 when they are greeting one another)。当主句和从句的主语和谓语相同时，从句的主、谓语可省略。
(2)when 引导的省略主谓的时间状语从句形式有：
① when + doing sth. 表主动，指句子主语发出的动作；
② when + done 表被动，指句子主语被动接受的动作。
【易错点】现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done)的逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致。
类似用法还有： while + doing/done(当……的时候，强调动作持续)
3 On crowded public transport where it is sometimes unavoidable, physical contact with a stranger is permitted, but in such situations, eye contact should be avoided at all costs.
长难句分析：这是一个并列句，两个分句由 but 连接，第一个分句含定语从句。分句1：状语(On crowded public transport where it is sometimes unavoidable，where 引导定语从句修饰 transport)+ 主干(physical contact with a stranger is permitted，被动语态)；分句2：状语(in such situations)+主干(eye contact should be avoided at all costs，被动语态)。
4 What culture you have depends on not only where you live, but also when you were born.
长难句分析：本句是复合句，结构为“主语从句(What culture you have)+ 谓语(depends on)+ 并列宾语从句(not only where... but also when...)”。
Part 4 单元语法
让步状语从句
让步状语从句指由连词(如 though、although、even if 等)引导，表达“尽管、即使” 等含义的从句。它的功能是：退一步承认或说明某一情况(从句内容)的存在，但主句所描述的动作、状态或结果依然成立——即“就算有从句的‘阻碍’，主句的事情还是发生了”， 语义上侧重“让步”(退一步)而非单纯“转折”。
考点1 让步状语从句不能与but 连用，和并列转折句区别：
让步状语从句 ≠ 并列转折句(but)，前者用连词though/ although 等，后者用连词but， 且二者不能同时使用。
例：尽管他在雨中淋湿了，可还在坚持工作。
Although/Though he got wet in the rain, he still kept working. (√)
He got wet in the rain, but he still kept working. (√)
Although/Though he got wet in the rain, but he still kept working. (×)
考点2 让步状语从句的位置：
位置灵活，从句可放在句首或句末： 若放句首，通常用逗号与主句隔开。
例：Although she is busy, she always helps me. 尽管她很忙，但她总是帮助我。
若放句末，一般不用逗号。
例：We finished the project on time although we faced many difficulties. 我们按时完成了这个项目，尽管遇到了很多困难。
考点3 让步状语从句的主、从句时态要一致。
(1)主句和从句动作同时发生：时态要保持一致。
例：She listens carefully although she doesn’t like the class. 她虽然不喜欢这门课，但依然在认真听。
(2)但若从句表客观事实：用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。
例：Even if the sun rises late in winter, it still gives us light. 虽然太阳冬天升起得晚，它依然给我们带来光明。
考点4 让步状语从句的使用场景：
(1) 描述人物或事物特征：当事物 / 人物存在 “看似矛盾” 的特点时，用让步状语从句突出核心特质。
例：Although Tom is only 12 years old, he can solve many difficult math problems. 尽管汤姆只有12 岁，但他能解出很多数学难题。
(2)表达观点或态度：在发表看法时，先让步承认对方观点或客观事实，再表达自己的立场， 让观点更委婉、有说服力。
例：Though this book is thick, it is very interesting. 尽管这本书很厚，但它非常有趣。
(3)说明计划或决心：面对可能的阻碍，用让步状语从句表达“不受影响、坚持执行”的决心。
例：We will climb the mountain even if it is windy tomorrow. 即使明天刮风，我们也要去爬山。
(4) 对比客观情况：突出 “无论哪种情况，主句结果都成立”。
例：Whether it is sunny or rainy, we practice running every morning. 无论晴天还是雨天，我们每天早上都练习跑步。
考点5 让步状语从句的常见连接词及区别(本单元主要学although，though)
引导词 核心用法
although 1. 表示“虽然、尽管”，语气较强，偏书面 2. 可与 yet/still 连用 3. 无倒装用法
though 1. 表示“虽然、尽管”，语气较弱，口语 / 书面可 2. 可用于倒装 3. 可作副词放句末，表示“然而”
even though /even if 表示“即使、纵然”，语气比 although/though 更强，含假设意味
whether...or(not) 1. 表示“无论是否……”，引导让步状语从句时，or not 可省略 2. 从句内容涵盖正反两种情况 3. 可放句首 / 句末 Whether you come or not, we will start the meeting on time. 无论你来不来，我们都会准时开会。
疑问词+ever、 no matter + 疑问词 1. 表示“无论什么”，引导从句时可互换 2. 在从句中可作主语/ 宾语/ 定语/ 状语等 Whatever you do, don’t forget your dream. 无论你做什么，都不要忘记梦想。
while 1. 表示“虽然、尽管”，只能放句首 2. 多用于对比两种相反情况 While my sister likes pop music, I prefer classical music. 虽然我妹妹喜欢流行音乐，但我更喜欢古典音乐。
Part4 单元写作
【写作维度】
本单元的写作项目是“文化与习俗”, 主要包含3 类高频写作方向：介绍中国传统文化(如传统节日、特色食物、建筑、民族习 俗等)；描述中外文化差异(如礼仪、沟通习惯等)；给外国朋友写书信/ 留言，介绍中国习俗、解答文化疑问或邀请体验中国文化。
【写作支架/ 模板】
描述文化与习俗 某项文化称谓及特点
某项文化表现 文化礼仪 生活习惯 精神传承
某项文化影响
【重点句子积累】
一、开头段
① Many unique cultures exist, and China’s Miao culture has always interested me.
② Every ethnic group has unique customs, and Xizang’s culture is truly special.
③ I first learned about this exotic culture from my teacher and was drawn to its traditions.
二、中间段
① They have unique art forms, like hand-weaving or folk music.
② Helping others is a big part of their culture.
③ Many traditions have been passed down from generation to generation.
④ Visitors can join in their activities and feel the warm atmosphere.
⑤ Their houses are built in a special style, different from other places.
⑥ They use traditional skills to make handicrafts that are both beautiful and useful.
三、结尾段
① This unique culture is a treasure, and we should learn to respect and protect it.
② Learning about it has opened my eyes and made me love different cultures more.
③ Every culture is special, and this one will always stay in my memory.
【经典例题】
中华文化源远流长，博大精深， 内涵丰富，影响深远。其传统节日(traditional festivals)、传统艺术(traditional art)、饮食文化(food culture)、习俗礼仪(customs and manners)等越来越受到世界各国人民的喜爱。假如你是李华，你的外国笔友Steven 对中华文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封信，向他做出简单介绍。
注意：
1．文中不得出现真实的个人信息；
2．请选择其中两项并进行适当发挥；
3．词数80 左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Steven,
How is it going ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
精彩范文展示
Dear Steven,
How is it going I’m glad to hear you’re interested in Chinese culture. It’s really rich and has lots of different parts. Our festivals are one of the most lively parts.
Take the Dragon Boat Festival as an example. It’s one of the most important festivals in our country. We celebrate it to remember Qu Yuan, a great ancient poet. Its activities include dragon boat races, eating zongzi and so on.
When it comes to traditional art, the paper cutting is a beautiful craft. It shows our love for detailed patterns and special meanings. We often use it to decorate during festivals and important events.
I hope you can come to China to experience our culture by yourself. I’m looking forward to your reply soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【实战演练】
假设你叫李华，你的外国朋友Alex 得知2025 年中国的国庆节假期包含了中秋节，他对这种两个重要节日出现在同一个假期里的情况很感兴趣，于是给你发了一封电子邮件询问。
Dear Li Hua, How are you I saw in the news that your National Day holiday in 2025 also includes the Mid- Autumn Festival. I find this very interesting. Could you please tell me how you and your family celebrated these two festivals in 2025 I’d love to hear about your special activities and feelings during this unique holiday. I ’m looking forward to learning more from you. Best regards, Alex
请你以李华的名义，用英文给Alex 写一封回信。内容须包括：
1. 感谢他的来信，确认两个节日确实在同一个假期里，简单介绍两个节日的时间。
2. 简要介绍你和家人这次是如何度过这两个节日的以及你的感受。
3. 最后礼貌地询问Alex，他最喜欢的他们本国传统节日是什么并期待回信。
注意：书写认真，卷面整洁，格式正确，语意连贯。词数: 80 左右。
Dear Alex,
I ’m glad to hear from you. _____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Best wishes,
Li Hua
范文参考
Dear Alex,
I ’m glad to hear from you.
Thank you for your letter. You are right. In 2025, National Day, which is on October 1st, and the Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls in September or October, were in the same holiday period.
During the holiday, my family watched the National Day parade on TV first to celebrate our country’s birthday. Then, on the Mid-Autumn Festival night, we got together, ate mooncakes, and admired the full moon. It was really a special and happy time.
By the way, what’s your favorite traditional festival in your country I’m looking forward to your reply.
Best wishes,
Li Hua

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