资源简介

(共12张PPT)
新外研版九上
Unit5单词精讲
that和which引导的定语从句
2026
在上一单元中，我们学习了由who引导的定语从句。本单元我们学习由that和which引导的定语从句。
1.that引导的定语从句
that引导的定语从句既可以修饰人，也可以修饰物，that在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可以省略)。
例如:
The film that tells an adventure is very interesting.
那部关于探险的电影非常有趣。(that在从句中作主语，从句修饰物)
The writer that I like best is Mark Twain.
我最喜欢的作家是马克吐温。(that在从句中作宾语，从句修饰人)
2.which 引导的定语从句
which引导的定语从句修饰的一般是物，which在从句中可以作主语，也可以作宾语。例如:
The photo which we liked best in the City and People group was taken by Zhao Min.
在“城市与人”这组照片中，我们最喜爱的照片是由赵敏拍摄的。
A group of photos which show Beijing and Cambridge in England has won the prize for the subject Home and Away.
一组展示北京和英国剑桥的照片赢得了“故土与他乡”这一主题的奖项。
3.定语从句中引导词的省略
不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物，如果引导词在从句中作宾语，通常就可以省略。例如:
Did you go to the talk (that / which) the famous scientist gave at your school
你去听那位著名科学家在你们学校做的演讲了吗
Is that the car (that/which) you bought last month
那是你上个月买的车吗
A friend is a person (who / whom) you know very well and like.
朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。
在上面的句子中，第一句和第二句都省略了引导词that/which，第三句省略了引导词who/whom，因为它们在从句中分别作gave,bought,know和like的宾语。引导词在从句中作宾语时可以省略，是因为省略后的从句仍然有主语和谓语，我们仍然可以分辨出哪部分是定语从句。但是，引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略，否则会造成结构混乱。请看以下例句:
I'd love to have a friend who can understand me.
我希望有一个能理我的朋友。
He can make lessons that are usually boring interesting.
他把通常燥乏味的课讲得生动有趣。
以上两句中的引导词who和that在从句中作主语，不能省略。此外，需要注意的是，虽然在定语从句中作宾语的引导词在口语中往往被省略，但在正式文体中则常常被保留。
易错点
1. 先行词是人 → who / that
先行词是物→ which / that
2. that不能放在介词后面（介词后只能用which）
例：This is the house in which I live. （不能用in that ）
3. 关系词在从句做主语，不能省略；做宾语可以省略
4. 从句谓语单复数看前面先行词
语法精练
（一）单选题（who/that/which）。
1. The man ____ is standing there is my uncle.
A. which B. who C. what
答案：B
解析：先行词the man是人，用who/that。
2. This is the film ____ I like best.
A. who B. which C. whose
答案：B
解析：先行词film是物，用which/that。
3. The girl ____ sings songs very well is Lucy.
A. that B. what C. who’s
答案：A
解析：先行词是人，that人、物通用。
4. I love the flower ____ is very beautiful.
A. who B. which C. whom
答案：B
解析：flower是物，用which。
5. The student ____ helps others is friendly.
A. which B. who C. that’s
答案：B
解析：先行词是人，选who。
6. This is the bike ____ my father bought.
A. that B. who C. what
答案：A
解析：bike物品，that可指代物。
7. We all like the teacher ____ is kind.
A. which B. who C. where
答案：B
解析：teacher是人，用who。
8. The book ____ on the desk is interesting.
A. who B. which C. what
答案：B
解析：book是物品，which指代物。
9. The boy ____ is my friend plays football well.
A. that B. which C. whom
答案：A
解析：先行词人，that通用。
10. This is the park ____ we visit every year.
A. who B. which C. whose
答案：B
解析：park地点物品，用which。
11. The woman ____ teaches us English is nice.
A. which B. who C. what
答案：B
解析：woman人，用who。
12. I have a cat ____ is white.
A. that B. who C. where
答案：A
解析：动物物品，that指代。
13. The house ____ is big is my home.
A. who B. which C. what
答案：B
解析：house物体，which。
14. The friend ____ comes from China is Tom.
A. which B. who C. that’s
答案：B
解析：先行词人，who最合适。
15. The movie ____ we watched is wonderful.
A. that B. who C. whom
答案：A
解析：movie物，that可用。
（二）选词填空（who / that / which ）。
1. The girl ____ is running is my sister. (who/that)
答案：who/that
解析：先行词是人，who、that均可。
2. This is the tree ____ is very tall. (which/that)
答案：which/that
解析：tree物，which、that均可。
3. The teacher ____ helps me is good. (who/that)
答案：who/that
解析：人，who/that通用。
4. I like the bag ____ is blue. (which/that)
答案：which/that
解析：物品用which/that。
5. The boy ____ plays basketball is strong. (who/that)
答案：who/that
6. The pen ____ I use is nice. (which/that)
答案：which/that
7. The student ____ studies hard is good. (who/that)
答案：who/that
8. We visit the school ____ is beautiful. (which/that)
答案：which/that
9. The man ____ works here is kind. (who/that)
答案：who/that
10. The flower ____ smells good is red. (which/that)
答案：which/that
（三）汉译英。用定语从句翻译下面的句子。
1. 正在唱歌的女孩是我的同学。(sing songs)
答案：The girl who/that sings songs is my classmate.
解析：先行词人，用who/that引导定语从句。
2. 我喜欢这本有趣的书。(interesting book)
答案：I like the book which/that is interesting.
解析：书是物，用which/that。
3. 帮助别人的男孩很善良。(help others)
答案：The boy who/that helps others is kind.
解析：人做先行词，who/that。
4. 我们参观那个美丽的公园。(beautiful park)
答案：We visit the park which/that is beautiful.
5. 教我们英语的老师很好。(teach us English)
答案：The teacher who/that teaches us English is nice.
6. 我拥有一辆红色的自行车。(red bike)
答案：I have a bike which/that is red.
7. 努力学习的学生成绩好。(study hard)
答案：The student who/that studies hard gets good grades.
8. 桌子上的钢笔是我的。(on the desk)
答案：The pen which/that is on the desk is mine.
9. 来自中国的朋友很友好。(come from China)
答案：The friend who/that comes from China is friendly.
10. 我们看的电影很棒。(watch the movie)
答案：The movie which/that we watch is wonderful.
谢谢观看
Angel

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