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高一年级英语学科试卷
一、单项选择
1. The young man denied ________ the vase, but the security footage showed him ________ near the shelf moments before it fell.
A．to break; to stand B．breaking; standing C．having broken; to stand D．to have broken; having stood
2. The issue ________ at the next conference is of vital importance to the company’s future.
A．discussed B．to be discussed C．being discussed D．having been discussed
3. With all the preparations ________, the team leader finally allowed everyone a day off.
A．were made B．making C．made D．having made
4. ________ late for the interview cost him the job opportunity.
A．He arrived B．He arriving C．His arriving D．Arrived
5. ________ his homework, the boy was allowed to watch his favorite cartoon.
A．Finished B．Finishing C．To finish D．Having finished
二、语法填空
单句语填
6. When ____ (ask) about what she thought of the movie, she just said it was worth seeing a second time.
7. It was the first time I ____ (see) him so angry and passionate.
8. There is no doubt that ____ (achieve) a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities.
9. Dina, ____ (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
10. Football is fun enough ____ (attract) millions of people all over the world.
11. When he noticed his classmates staring at him, he pretended ____ (listen) carefully to the lecture so that no one would find he was absent-minded.
12. He ran all the way up to the station, only ____ (find) that the train had left fifteen minutes before.
13. I’m considering the students ____ (take) a short online course to improve their presentation skills.
14. The old man sat under the tree, ____ (lose) in deep thought, with his eyes fixed on the distant horizon.
15. The moment she stepped onto the stage, she felt her heart ____ (race) wildly, yet her voice remained steady.
短文语法填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Fascinating Food Facts
Food and drink reveal much about culture and history. Here’s a look at some fascinating food facts from around the world.
Beer has long held a unique place in global culture. In ancient England, it 16 (often serve) with breakfast, while in Bavaria, it’s regarded as an essential part of the diet. Interestingly, beer advertisements sometimes use washing-up liquid 17 (give) it more head (泡沫). Researchers in Denmark even discovered that beer tastes better when 18 (accompany) by music
19 beer, there are many interesting food facts. Native Americans avoided eating turkeys, viewing them as too docile (温顺的). Turkey contains tryptophan (色氨酸), a chemical linked to sleepiness, possibly 20 (explain) post-Christmas naps (午睡). Meanwhile, Spam, a pink pork product, lasts indefinitely in a closed can and is often exchanged as gifts in Korea. Another enduring food is honey — it’s the only food 21 doesn’t spoil.
Rice feeds half the world, while potatoes feed the other half. Meanwhile, the U.S. sells over 200 million M&M’s daily, and Fanta Orange ranks as the third 22 (popular) soda globally. Surprisingly, the number “57” on Heinz ketchup bottles is purely decorative, created for marketing appeal. Similarly, Coca-Cola’s original description, “Esteemed Brain Tonic & Intellectual Beverage,” shows 23 imaginative advertising can be.
Dentists say chocolate can help prevent tooth decay because it contains such element as calcium (钙), which is often considered tooth friendly. U.S. students in surveys 24 (choose) pizza, chicken nuggets, and burgers as favorites, while vegetables and tofu stayed among the least liked foods.
Finally, 25 many competitors offer near-identical tastes, Coca-Cola’s secret recipe is supposedly locked away in Atlanta. Famous individuals have their food preferences too-Bill Clinton enjoys chicken, while the Danish queen loves Japanese fare (日料).
三、选词填空
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. diversity B. conclusive C. widespread D. influential E. spectator F. outcome G. consistent H. stamina I. varsity J. referee K. coverage
The Power of Sports
Sports hold a special place in our lives, uniting people from all walks of life. Whether you're actively involved as a player or an eager 26 , the thrill of a live sports event is undeniable.
At 27 and professional levels, sports teams are like close-knit communities. Each member brings a unique trait to the group. For example, in a soccer team, some players might be known for their exceptional ball-control skills, while others have a knack for strategic positioning. This 28 within the team is crucial for its success. Coaches play a(n) 29 role, guiding players with their expertise, devising game plans, and motivating the team to perform at its best. Their input often has a direct bearing on the 30 of a match.
Training for sports requires a great deal of 31 . Athletes spend countless hours practicing, running drills, and engaging in strength-training exercises. They know that 32 effort is the key to achieving their goals. Whether it's improving their speed, endurance, or technique, every bit of hard work counts.
The impact of sports is 33 . It goes beyond the boundaries of the playing field. Sports can boost a person's self-confidence; teach valuable teamwork skills; and even foster a sense of national pride during international competitions. The media 34 of major sports events ensures that their influence reaches a global audience.
Studies have provided 35 evidence of the numerous benefits of sports. Regular participation in sports is linked to better physical health, improved mental well-being, and enhanced social connections. In short, sports are not just about games; they're a powerful force that enriches our lives in many ways.
四、完形填空
Everyone procrastinates (拖延). “It is part of being human,” says a researcher who studies procrastination. “We hate doing hard things, and that is what procrastination 36 : We want to feel good right now. The only way to do this is to avoid the task.” You can procrastinate on almost anything, even 37 tasks like planning a holiday.
About 20 percent of us are long-term procrastinators. One reason is fear of failures. Kelli Saginak is a health coach who put off looking for a new job for many years. That 38 to take action only made her believe she would never do better. “It is all fear of being judged,” Saginak says. “If I do not take risks, or make decisions, I do not have to be 39 with others’ opinions. Yet it’s simply me judging myself.”
Some people do not mind procrastinating, believing they perform better when they are under pressure. But researchers 40 . They did an experiment, putting procrastinators under 41 of time. In fact, the procrastinators did worse than non-procrastinators, but they 42 they did better.
Whatever the 43 is (or lack of it), procrastination is usually bad for you. Delaying a diet may increase your risk of heart disease. Just thinking about things you haven’t done may cause 44 . “Procrastinators feel more stressed, both from leaving things to the last minute and from their own 45 and critical feelings about their procrastination,” says Fuschia, a psychology lecturer.
For those who need motivation, the best advice may be to 46 . “We used to think behaviors follow our attitude,” Pychyl says. “But if you can make small 47 , even a little, it will push you forward.”
Next, try sending yourself signals to action. You can use a timer to make your lights dim (变暗) slowly. This will help you keep a(n) 48 bedtime. Researchers tested this idea and it worked on most of the subjects. “They formed a(n) 49 ,” researchers say. “When the lights start to dim, people know it is time to go to bed.”
Finally, 50 yourself for each step you take toward your goal. After you pay the bills, watch your favorite TV show.
36. A．comes down to B．runs out of C．puts up with D．breaks through
37. A．repetitive B．household C．educational D．enjoyable
38. A．opportunity B．inflexibility C．inability D．desire
39. A．concerned B．faced C．satisfied D．impressed
40. A．observe B．disagree C．cooperate D．confirm
41. A．concept B．progression C．restriction D．length
42. A．realized B．doubted C．assumed D．ignored
43. A．consequence B．motivation C．occasion D．origin
44. A．variation B．reaction C．sympathy D．discomfort
45. A．negative B．intense C．emotional D．indescribable
46. A．think small B．break the limits C．aim high D．stay calm
47. A．progress B．changes C．mistakes D．efforts
48. A．relaxing B．consistent C．early D．irregular
49. A．intention B．opinion C．comparison D．identity
50. A．challenge B．prepare C．improve D．reward
五、阅读理解
Passage A
Did English football finally find a new star At the age of 19, Theo Walcott came onto the game by scoring a hat-trick for England in a 4-1 victory over Croatia in 2010 World Cup.
Walcott’s lightning speed and accurate shooting turned the teenager into an overnight star. Many thought he was a new dawn for the England team. He was building his fame for his fast pace, with former Barcelona manager Pep declaring that “you would need a gun to stop him” . FIFA World Player of the Year winner Lionel Messi once also described Walcott as “one of the most dangerous players I have ever played against”. In addition to his speed, Walcott also possessed good balance, movement and technique.
It was symbolic that Walcott’s goals came from the right-wing. The position had been played by “golden boy” David Beckham for more than 10 years. No longer were the cheers for Beckham. The fans’ hopes now rested on the shoulders of Walcott.
Walcott was born in London to a black British Jamaican father and a white English mother. He grew up as a Liverpool fan due to his father’s support of Liverpool. When Chelsea asked him to be a ball boy, he used the opportunity to meet his Liverpool idols.
The teenager’s rise to fame was not completely out of the blue. He was part of England’s World Cup team in 2006, but he did not get to play a match. He also spent over two years at Arsenal, where he was fast becoming a key player.
But that year, few were expecting the wonderful performance between England and Croatia. The teenager was the first England player to score three goals in a game since Michael Owen did so seven years before.
Although England was full of superstars, they had a poor record in major tournaments. But things were beginning to change. The win against Croatia was sweet revenge. Croatia was the team which knocked England out of Euro 2008.
Walcott’s wonderful performance lighted England fans’ hope for World Cup victory in South Africa in 2010, since England had not lifted the cup since 1966.
But before England fans got too carried away, our reflection on the past history told us that placing a country’s hopes on one teenager was dangerous.
51. Which of the following CANNOT account for Walcott’s increasing fame
A．Masterly skills. B．Positional sense. C．Unusual family. D．Fast speed.
52. Why did the author mention David Beckham in the 3rd paragraph
A．To show that England football once had a glorious history.
B．To imply that people had high expectation on Walcott.
C．To indicate that England fans were difficult to please.
D．To illustrate that Walcott could be entitled “golden boy”.
53. In the 5th paragraph, the underlined phrase “out of the blue” most probably means “ ________ ”.
A．impolite B．unintentional C．impossible D．unexpected
54. What is the author most likely to agree with
A．Walcott might not live up to fans’ expectation.
B．Walcott might transfer from Arsenal to Liverpool.
C．Croatia might change the history of the World Cup.
D．England might be defeated by the opponent in the next round.
Passage B
Indian Heroes and Great Chieftains
The book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it.
Name: Sitting Bull
Birth: 1831 Death: 12-15-1890
He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a 1997 documentary, The Great Tribes, he was known as a holy man, a composer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Sioux and Cheyenne Nations unified. He was advised to go on a European tour in 1887, but he turned it down to defend these two nations from being separated again. He led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies and was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.
Name: Crazy Horse
Birth: 1842 Death: 9-5-1877
Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior (勇士) and a gentle leader as well as a brave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux, celebrated for his battle skills as well as his efforts to preserve Native American traditions and way of life. Resisting efforts to force the Sioux on to reservations, he fought alongside Sitting Bull and others in the American-Indian Wars. Charles Eastman described him in his book Indian Heroes as “a man of deeds and not of words”.
Name: Red Cloud
Birth: 1822 Death: 12-10-1909
He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills. In 1868, he refused to sign a treaty (条约), which stated that the Black Hills didn’t belong to the Lakota people. The treaty also stated that these areas couldn’t be entered without the government’s permission. According to Eastman’s book Indian Heroes, he was said to have fought against the treaty, forcing the government to give in and pull out of the area.
Name: Lozen Quanah
Birth: late 1840s Death: 1890
Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself to the people. She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good at riding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skill was considered to be “one of the most honored skills among the Indians”.
55. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse
A．He was friendly to his soldier. B．He was a great talker. C．He showed great courage. D．He was respected.
56. From the passage we can infer that ________.
A．Sitting Bull disliked traveling
B．Indian Heroes was a book on Indian history
C．in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses
D．in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrows
57. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．show Indians’ lives to readers
B．show the history of the Indians
C．describe great Indian heroes and heroines
D．comment on a history book
Passage C
Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere, once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.
Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice — from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.
Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. “There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,” said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.
Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice — although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. “I’m not as negative as most people,” said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. “Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”
Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. “Rice is an essential food,” said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. “Wine is not.”
58. By “the mothballing of the mill” in Paragraph 1, the author most probably means the mill is ________.
A．kept unprocessed B．being entirely restored C．left unused D．being pushed round
59. Which of the following can be learned from the passage
A．Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.
B．Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.
C．Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.
D．Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.
60. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Australia is the largest rice producing country around the world
B．wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia
C．climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people’s lives
D．most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmers
61. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage
A．Rice Shortage and Wine Boom.
B．Drought, the Enemy of Rice Production.
C．Rice Issue, a Focus of the Public Attention
D．Rice Crisis and Its Solution.
六选四
Comfort Foods Aren’t Magic — but Memory Might Be
Sometimes when we eat, what we’re hungry for isn’t food — it’s the taste of memory.
Studies show that foods we think of as comfort foods don’t contain any magical properties. What might be comforting is the feeling of proximity (亲近) to other people that they can evoke.
62 But what we don’t think about is that comfort foods also provide something social for us, according to Shira Gabriel, an associate professor of psychology at the State University of New York, Buffalo, who co-authored a study. It found that people like comfort foods because of their ability to make them feel that they belong.
When French writer Marcel Proust bit into a cake (or perhaps a piece of toast) at his mother’s house, he was overwhelmed by a feeling of nostalgia (怀旧). Where had this “all-powerful joy” come from 63 But it infinitely transcended (超出) those flavors, he said.
In Proust’s case, the taste he experienced took him back to childhood experiences with a beloved aunt. Proust had evidently formed strong attachments to his experiences with this aunt. Gabrie’s study found that people who have strong bonds with others are more likely to use comfort foods after an argument or other emotionally stressful occasions.
It probably goes back to classical conditioning (经典性条件反射), Gabriel said 64 If they’re less positive, the food might not.
Comfort foods are often thought of as being rich in calories or full of sugar. Nevertheless, other studies have also shown that the line between comfort and food isn’t as clear as “junk food= happiness.” Eating so-called “junk foods” does activate the brain’s reward system, but that high is short-lived. It’s not the deep reward of real comfort.
65 The study was intended to look at how food might help keep astronauts mentally healthy on a long journey. It later found that participants’ ability to recover from watching negative movie scenes wasn’t affected by the kind of food they received afterward.
The point here is probably that there’s no reason to eat comfort foods for their own sake. In other words, if you feel bad, you might as well have a salad. But there is something in the ability of comfort foods to evoke belonging and memory. Taste and smell, Proust wrote, stay fresh a long time.
A．He sensed that it was connected to the taste of tea and cake.
B．Comfort foods have been around as long as there have been people around to eat them.
C．Thoughts about comfort foods are often linked to calories, warmth, or a sense of well-being.
D．Using this knowledge can help smooth out the complicated relationship some people tend to have with food.
E．If your childhood associations with comfort foods are being taken care of, your food will make you feel better.
F．Regardless of whether you comfort yourself with food, one study found that “your mood will probably bounce back on its own.”
六、翻译
66. 你练习得越多，犯的错误就会越少。（mistake）
___________________________________________________________________________
67. 他花了很长时间才说服团队接受这个看似冒险的计划。（It）
___________________________________________________________________________
68. 越来越多的研究表明，人们往往低估了良好睡眠对学习效率的影响。（tend to）
___________________________________________________________________________
69. 在国际期刊上发表了多篇论文，这位科学家逐渐在该领域建立了声誉，被认为是领军人物。（publish）
___________________________________________________________________________
七、书信写作
70. Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高一学生徐晶，你的外国好友Tom发来邮件，他即将来到中国游玩，向你咨询值得品尝的中华美食以及中国用餐礼仪，请你回复一封邮件，内容包含：
1. 推荐1-2道特色中国美食并简要介绍；
2. 介绍需要注意的用餐礼仪；
3. 表达期待与他一同品尝美食。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、单项选择
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D
二、语法填空
单句
6. asked
7. had seen
8. to achieve
9. having struggled
10. to attract
11. to be listening
12. to find
13. taking
14. lost
15. racing
短文
16. was often served
17. to give
18. accompanied
19. Besides
20. explaining
21. that
22. most popular
23. how
24. chose
25. although / though
三、选词填空
26.E 27.I 28.A 29.D 30.F 31.H 32.G 33.C 34.K 35.B
四、完形填空
36.A 37.D 38.C 39.B 40.B
41.C 42.C 43.B 44.D 45.A
46.A 47.A 48.B 49.A 50.D
五、阅读理解
A
51.C 52.B 53.D 54.A
B
55.B 56.B 57.C
C
58.C 59.C 60.B 61.D
六选四
62.C 63.A 64.E 65.F
六、翻译参考译文
66. The more you practice, the fewer mistakes you will make.
67. It took him a long time to persuade the team to accept this seemingly risky plan.
68. More and more studies indicate that people tend to underestimate the impact of good sleep on learning efficiency.
69. Having published multiple papers in international journals, the scientist gradually built his reputation in this field and is recognized as a leading figure.
七、书信写作参考范文
Dear Tom,
I’m thrilled to hear you’re coming to China soon! I’d love to recommend two classic dishes for you to try. First, Peking Roast Duck, famous for its crispy skin and tender meat, usually served with thin pancakes and sweet sauce. Besides, hot pot is a great choice — you can pick various meats and vegetables to boil in tasty soup broth.
As for table manners, remember to wait for elders to start eating first. Don’t stick chopsticks upright in rice, which is considered unlucky. Also, it’s polite to accept food offered by hosts.
I can’t wait to hang out with you and enjoy delicious Chinese food together when you arrive!
Yours sincerely,
Xu Jing

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