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(共50张PPT)
教材突破
必修第一册
Unit 4　Natural disasters
基础知识 · 回顾
① in shock 处于休克状态
to one's shock 令某人震惊的是……
culture shock 文化冲击
② shock sb. 使某人震惊
be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to hear/see/... 对听到/看到/……感到震惊
③ shocking adj. 令人震惊的；令人气愤的
1
shock / k/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克　vt. (使)震惊
核心词汇
[先讲解]
【写作金句】　[人教选必二U2P20]Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
① be trapped in 被困在……中，陷入……中
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事
② set/lay a trap (for) (为……)设下圈套
fall into the trap of doing sth. 落入……陷阱
2
trap /tr p/ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套　n. 险境；陷阱
【写作金句】　[译林选必二U1P2]The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 周日晚上的这场大火被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人员被困。(场景描写)
① bury oneself in 专心致志于
bury one's face in one's hands双手掩面
② burial n. 埋葬；葬礼
3
bury /'beri/ vt. 埋葬；安葬
【写作金句】　[北师选必四U10P14]Sitting down on a chair by the table, throwing her arms on it, and burying her face in them, she proceeded to cry stormily. 她在桌旁的椅子上坐下，胳膊伏在桌上，把脸埋了进去，继而放声大哭起来。(动作链描写)
① be in short supply 供应短缺
supply and demand 供求
water/electricity supply 供水/电
② supplies (pl.) 补给，补给品
medical supplies 医疗补给
③ 向某人提供某物：
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb.
provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
4
supply /s 'pla / n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品　vt. 供应；供给
【写作金句】　[外研必修二U6P87]We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream. 我们也看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这影响了下游的供水。(报道)
① survive sth. 比……存在的时间长；从……幸存
survive sb. (by...) 比某人活得长(多久……)
survive on 靠……维持生活
survive from 从……存活下来
② survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
③ survival n. 幸存；生存
5
survive /s 'va v/ vi. 生存；存活　vt. 幸存；艰难度过
【写作金句】　[北师选必一U3P53]In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it. 简而言之，如果我们想要生存，我们就要停止破坏我们赖以生存的星球，并开始保护它。(倡议书)
【特别提醒】　survive作“幸存；幸免于难”讲时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语。
If we are lucky enough to survive the accident, we must be more careful in the future. 如果我们足够幸运地从这些事故中生还的话，我们将来一定要更细心谨慎。
① do/offer/give first aid to sb. 对某人进行急救
with the aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下
in aid of 为了帮助
come to sb.'s aid/assistance 来帮助某人
② aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人
aid sb. with sth. 用……帮助某人；帮助某人做某事
6
aid /e d/ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资　vi. & vt. 帮助；援助
【写作金句】　I appreciate your aiding me in my English writing from the bottom of my heart.
我衷心感激您对我的英语写作的帮助。(感谢信)
① have an effect on 对……有影响
put/bring... into effect使生效；实行
take effect生效；见效
come into effect开始实施；生效
side effect副作用
② effective adj. 有效的
7
effect / 'fekt/ n. 影响；结果；效果
【写作金句】　During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect on Chinese culture. 李白一生写了大量优秀的诗篇，它们对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(传统文化)
核心词汇
[再练习]
考点1　shock的相关用法
① [外研必修三U6P84]Looking through my newspaper, I'm _________(shock) by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
② [人教必修一U4P50]People were ____ shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
③ [人教选必一U2P20]This morning, I saw the __________(shock) headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.
shocked
in
shocking
考点2　trap的相关用法
① The eye-catching advertisements will trap us ______ buying things that we actually don't need.
② _________(trap) in the mine, the workers felt worried and frightened all the time.
into
Trapped
考点3　bury的相关用法
① The volcano erupted and the lava flowed down the mountain, _________(bury) several villages.
② [外研选必四U5P66]Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ________(bury) deep in the jungle.
③ [写作迁移]David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.
→David still refused to look at me, ______________________________. (分词作状语)
→David still refused to look at me, __________________________________. (with复合结构)
burying
buried
burying his head in his arms
with his head buried in his arms
考点4　supply的相关用法
① After the war broke out, food is ____ short supply all over the country.
② Fill in the form right now, making sure that every detail __________(supply) is accurate.
③ [写作迁移]此外，夏令营还为成员提供了参观博物馆的机会。
____________________________________________________________________
in
supplied
In addition, the summer camp supplies members with a chance to visit museums.
考点5　survive的相关用法
① [外研选必一U2P19]Rowling had spent years surviving ____ little money, spending all her time writing.
② [译林必修三U2P27]Because of their small size and sharp sense of smell, dogs can locate ___________(survive) much faster than humans can.
③ [写作迁移]幸运的是，这位老妇人在龙卷风中幸存了下来，她的生存是一个奇迹，因为她是这场灾难中唯一的幸存者。
Fortunately, the old woman ________ the tornado and ________________________, because she was ___________________________________.
on
survivors
survived
her survival was a wonder
the only survivor of the disaster
考点6　aid的相关用法
① Neighbours _______(aid) him ______ money when he almost lost everything in the fire.
② [写作迁移]在我们老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。
______________________________, we learned how to perform ___________.
aided
with
With the aid of our teachers
first aid
考点7　effect的相关用法
① One of the most ___________(effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.
② [写作迁移·2021新高考Ⅰ]我养成了阅读《青春》的习惯，这对我的生活产生了积极影响。
I have formed the habit of reading Youth, _________________________________ _____________________________.
effective
which has a positive effect/impact/ influence on/upon my life
1
flood /fl d/ n. 洪水；大量　vi. 泛滥；大量涌入；充满　vt. 使灌满水，淹没
一词多义
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their home. ___________________
② [北师必修三U8P44]Countries around the world have faced extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods and heat waves.　_________
③ The heavy rain caused the river to flood, submerging the nearby villages. __________
④ The growth in smart devices means that a flood of data will be unleashed._______
⑤ I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front. __________
vt. 使灌满水，淹没
n. 洪水
vi. 泛滥
n. 大量
vi. 充满
2
affect / 'fekt/ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [北师必修三U7P8]His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight. _______
② These viruses affect children and are highly infectious.____________
③ Deeply affected by the story of Cong Fei, I am determined to be a volunteer. ___________
影响
(疾病)侵袭
深深打动
3
strike /stra k/ vi. & vt. 碰，撞击；突然想到；侵袭；突击；击打；给(某人以……)印象　n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① The area was struck by an outbreak of cholera._________
② It strikes me that nobody is really in favour of the sudden changes.____________
③ Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents.________
④ The child ran into the road and was struck by a car._____________
⑤ He struck me as a very serious but friendly person._______________________
⑥ Police fear that the killer may strike again.__________
vt. 侵袭
vt. 突然想到
n. 罢工
vt. 碰，撞击
vt. 给(某人以……)印象
vi. 突击
4
deliver /d 'l v (r)/ vt. & vi. 递送，传送　vt. 发表，宣布；接生
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [人教必修二U4P42]She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely._________________
② The baby was delivered in a hospital on Tuesday night.__________
③ I feel it is an honour to be invited here to deliver the speech in front of you. __________
vt. 递送，传送
vt. 接生
vt. 发表
① as if常放在be、look、seem、sound、smell、feel等系动词之后引导表语从句。
② as if引导方式状语从句时，意为“好像，似乎，仿佛”。当主从句的主语一致时，可省略从句中的“主语＋be动词”。
1
as if引导的从句
重难句式
【课本原句】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！
③ as if从句根据说话人所陈述内容的真实性或可能性，可选择用陈述语气或虚拟语气。
与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词用would/could/might do
【写作迁移】　语法填空/完成句子
① The kids are very friendly to her and even look up to her as if she ______(be) their own mother.
② When he saw his mother at the street corner, the boy cried sadly as if he __________________(scold) by someone else.
③ 那位网球运动员痛苦地躺在地上，好像受了重伤。(省略句)
___________________________________________________________
were
had been scolded
The tennis player lay on the floor painfully as if seriously injured.
① 句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。
② when表示“这时突然”时，常用于以下句型：
·was/were about to do...when... 正要做……突然……
·had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然……
2
was/were doing...when...正在做某事，这时突然……
【课本原句】 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水突然开始灌入屋内。
【写作迁移】　完成句子
① 我正在吃晚饭，这时突然听到一个消息：一场可怕的海啸袭击了我的家乡。(自然灾害)
___________________________________________ that a terrible tsunami struck my hometown.
② 她正在街上走着，这时突然有人在后面叫她的名字。
____________________________________ someone called her name from behind.
I was having dinner when I heard the news
She was walking on the street when
写作能力 · 提升
素材积累
应 用 文 话题：自然灾害
【好词记忆】
1. return to normal 恢复正常
2. stricken area 受灾地区
3. stay calm 保持冷静
4. in case of an emergency 紧急情况下
5. cause damage to 损坏
应 用 文 6. rescue and relief efforts 救援与赈灾工作
7. survive an earthquake 在地震中幸存下来
8. provide emergency aid 提供紧急援助
9. rebuild one's home 重建某人的家园
10. suffer heavy economic losses 遭受巨大的经济损失
应 用 文 【好句背诵】
1. with复合结构
With my hands covering my nose and mouth, I bent down and ran downstairs quickly along the evacuation route.
我用手捂住口鼻，弯下腰，沿着疏散路线迅速跑下楼。
2. 无灵主语句；which引导非限制性定语从句
Recent years have seen a significant increase in natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes and floods, which are major threats to people's lives.
近年来地震、飓风、洪水等自然灾害显著增多，这对人们的生命安全构成了重大威胁。
应 用 文 3. what引导宾语从句
Now more and more people become aware that natural disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth.
现在越来越多的人意识到自然灾害与我们对待地球的方式密切相关。
4. 祈使句＋and＋陈述句
Take the advice above and you can keep yourself safe and sound.
遵循上面的建议，你就可以让自己安然无恙。
读 后 续 写 【情感描写：安慰与鼓励】
1. pat sb. on the shoulder 轻拍某人的肩膀
2. gather sb. in one's arms 把某人揽入怀里
3. stroke one's hair 轻抚某人的头发
4. reach out one's hand 伸出手
5. form a “heart” with one's thumb and index finger 用拇指和食指比“心”
6. wipe tears from sb.'s cheeks 擦去某人脸上的眼泪
7. look sb. gently/tenderly in the eye 温柔地看着某人的眼睛
8. cast a comforting/gentle/an encouraging glance at sb. 向某人投去安慰/温柔/鼓励的目光
9. throw one's arms around sb. tightly without hesitation 毫不犹豫地紧紧搂住某人
实战演练
应用文(投稿：应对自然灾害)
How to React in an Earthquake
Knowing how to react during a disaster like an earthquake really matters. The right reactions can help reduce damage and even save lives.
If an earthquake occurs, it is essential to be aware of where and how to stay safe. 1. ______________________________________________________________________ _____________(一定要提前准备应急物资，这可能有助于你在灾难中幸存下来(强调谓语动词)). Once encountering an earthquake, stay calm. If you‘re indoors, take cover under a sturdy desk or table. 2. __________________________________________ _____________________________________(撤离时，切勿乘坐电梯，否则你可能会被困住). If you're outside, try to stay away from buildings and electricity supplies and move to an open area as soon as possible.
3.____________________________________________________________(遵循上面的建议，你就可以让自己安然无恙).
Do prepare emergency supplies in advance, which may help you survive the disaster
When evacuating, you should never use the elevator; otherwise you may get trapped
Take the advice above and you can keep yourself safe and sound
读后续写(情感描写：安慰与鼓励)
4. “但你会成为一个美丽的叙述者。”她说着，毫不犹豫地紧紧搂住我。
“But you will be a beautiful narrator，” she said, __________________________ ______________________________.
5. 我正要放弃时，老师向我投来鼓励的目光。
I was about to quit/give up when my teacher ________________________________.
throwing her arms around me tightly without hesitation
cast an encouraging glance at me
必备知识 · 过关
Ⅰ. 英汉互译(每空1分，共26分)
1. _______ v. (使)滑行；滑动
2. _______ n. 洪水　v. 淹没；大量涌入
3. ________ n. & v. 营救；救援
4. ________ v. 影响；(疾病)侵袭
5. ______ n. & v. 破坏；毁坏
6. _________ n. 百分之……
7. _______ n. 砖；砖块
8. _______ n. 金属
slide
flood
rescue
affect
ruin
percent
brick
metal
9. _______ v. 使落入险境　n. 陷阱
10. ______ v. 埋葬；安葬
11. ________ n. 努力；艰难的尝试
12. _________ n. 上下文；语境；背景
13. ________ n. 供应(量)；补给　v. 供应；供给
14. ______ n. 管子；管道
15. ______ adj. 镇静的　v. 使镇静
16. _____ n. & v. 援助；帮助
17. _______ v. 碰撞；撞击
trap
bury
effort
context
supply
pipe
calm
aid
crash
18. _______ v. 打扫；清扫
19. ______ v. 挥手；招手
20. ________ v. 侵袭；突击 n. 罢工；罢课
21. _____ n. 水龙头
22. crack n. _______________
23. helicopter n. _________
24. unify v. ___________________
25. hurricane n. _______________________
26. kit n. _____________________
sweep
wave
strike
tap
裂纹；裂缝
直升机
统一；(使)成一体
(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
成套工具；成套设备
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展(每空1分，共16分)
1. __________ n. 灾难→disastrous adj. 灾难性的
2. destroy v. 摧毁→_____________ n. 破坏；毁灭
3. _______n. 死；死亡→die v. 死；死亡→_______ adj. 垂死的；临终的
4. _________ v. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸→____________ adj. 气喘吁吁的
5. revive v. 复活；(使)苏醒→_________ n. 振兴；复苏
6. volcano n. 火山→__________ adj. 火山的
7. survive vi. 生存；存活；幸存→__________ n. 幸存者→__________ n. 幸存
disaster
destruction
death
dying
breathe
breathless
revival
volcanic
survivor
survival
8. ________ n. 影响，结果→________ vt. 影响
9. deliver v. 递送；传达；发表→__________ n. 交付；递送
10. ________ n. 长；长度→__________ v. (使)变长→long adj. 长的
11. summary n. 总结；概括；概要→___________ v. 总结；概述
effect
affect
delivery
length
lengthen
summarize
Ⅲ. 重难短语(每空2分，共30分)
1. _______ 似乎；好像；仿佛
2. __________ 严重受损；破败不堪
3. __________ 震惊；吃惊
4. _______________ 急救箱
5. _________ 现有(尤指帮助)
6. ____________ 消灭；彻底消除
7. ____________________ 在农村地区
8. _______________ 起起伏伏
as if
in ruins
in shock
first aid kit
on hand
sweep away
in the countryside
rise and fall
9. _________________ 结束；终结
10. _________________ 给……造成破坏
11. _________________ 露天；在户外
12. ______________________ 成千上万的
13. ___________ 倒塌
14. ________________ 获得新生
15. ___________________________ 重新站起来
come to an end
cause damage to
in the open air
tens of thousands of
fall down
revive oneself
get back up on one's feet
Ⅳ. 单词拼写(每题1分，共8分)
1. [人教必修一U4P52]The supplies which were provided to the __________(灾难) area were collected from around the country.
2. [外研选必四U5P68]These __________(旱灾) would have led to food shortages, conflicts and, ultimately, the downfall of the cities.
3. [译林必修三U1P8]When we build farms or factories, we _________(摧毁，毁灭) animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat.
4. [人教必修一U4P54]Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a ___________(震级) of 9.0.
disaster
droughts
destroy
magnitude
5. [外研必修三U6P87]On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising ___________(紧急情况) aid.
6. [北师选必一U3P66]Thunderstorms, floods, earthquakes, __________(台风), volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and forest fires have become increasingly common.
7. [人教必修三U4P48]Like Earth, Mars has ___________(火山), valleys, polar ice caps, seasons, and weather.
8. [人教必修一U4P52]The next day, people put up __________(避难处，居所) in the open air using anything that they could find.
emergency
typhoons
volcanoes
shelters
Ⅴ. 单句语法填空(每题1分，共8分)
1. [译林必修三U1P8]Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and __________(damage) influence quite far from their source.
2. [外研必修三U6P88]Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the ________(die) of about 4,000 people.
3. [外研必修三U3P42]People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by _____________(electric) or something else.
4. [外研必修一U6P102]Not only do they provide us with food, clothes and oxygen ____________(breath), but they also make our surroundings more beautiful.
damaging
deaths
electricity
to breathe
5. [北师必修二U6P53]From our research experience in discovering artemisinin, we learnt the ________(wise) behind both Chinese and Western medicine.
6. [北师选必一U3P67]The worst __________(erupt) in human history was probably Mt Tambora in 1815, in Indonesia.
7. [译林必修三U3P31]You can have food ___________ to you using food __________ apps and sites.(deliver)
8. [译林选必二U3P37]No. 9 High School is one of those that have gone to great lengths to protect students' eyes, coming up with many ___________(effect) solutions.
wisdom
eruption
delivered
delivery
effective
Ⅵ. 高级句式表达(每题3分，共12分)
1. 轮到我发表意见时，我紧张得一句话也说不出来。(too...to...)
When it was my turn to express my opinion，_______________________________.
2. 看起来这条河不够干净，我们不能在这儿游泳。(as if)
___________________________________________________________
I was too nervous to say a word
It looks as if the river isn't clean enough for us to swim here.　
3. 我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。(be doing...when...)
_________________________________________________ water started filling my home.
4. 他突然想起他的母亲曾在他的口袋里放了一盒火柴。(strike)
________________________ that his mother had put a box of matches in his pocket.
I was having breakfast with my three children when
It suddenly struck him

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