资源简介

(共48张PPT)
教材突破
选择性必修　第二册
Unit 1　Science and scientists
基础知识 · 回顾
① contradict vt. 相矛盾；相抵触；相反；反驳；驳斥
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
contradict each other 互相抵触
② contradiction n. 矛盾；对立；不一致；反驳；驳斥
in (direct) contradiction to 与……相反；与……相矛盾
1
contradictory / k ntr 'd kt ri/ adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
核心词汇
[先讲解]
【写作金句】　[译林选必二U1P3]However, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. 然而，我们通常会发现，关于同一事件的报告包含不同甚至相互矛盾的信息。
suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人或某事
suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做某事
suspect that... 怀疑……
2
suspect /s 'spekt/ vt. & vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任　/'s spekt/ n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
【写作金句】　[北师选必三U9P66]The DNA is stored in a database, where policemen can find the same or similar DNA to track down suspects and victims. DNA存储在数据库中，警察可以在里面找到相同或相似的DNA来追踪嫌疑人和受害者。
① blame sb. for (doing) sth. 将……归咎于某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) (对坏事)负有责任[动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义]
② lay/put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
get the blame 背黑锅
3
blame /ble m/ vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责
n. 责备；指责
【写作金句】　So instead of blaming others, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' shoes. 因此，我们应该多交流并换位思考，而不是指责他人。(建议信)
① on the decrease 在下降；在减少
a decrease in 在……的减少/下降
② decrease (from...) to (从……)减少到
decrease by 减少了
4
decrease /'di kri s/ n. 减少；降低；减少量
/d 'kri s/ vt. & vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
【写作金句】　Population growth is decreasing by 1.4% each year, so the country is strongly advocating a third-child policy. 人口增长率每年下降1.4%，因此国家大力提倡三胎政策。
① be cast down (by sth.) (因某事)沮丧
cast light on 使(问题等)较容易理解
cast sb. as... 选定某人演……角色/把某人描写成
② cast n. 全体演员；投，抛
an all-star cast 明星云集的演员阵容
the supporting cast 配角演员
5
cast /kɑ st/ vt. (cast, cast) 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
【写作金句】　The sun casts its golden rays over the calm sea and many citizens come to appreciate the scenery. 太阳在平静的海面上洒下金色的光芒，许多市民前来欣赏风景。(景色描写)
① defend...from/against... 保护……免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
② defence n. 防御，保卫；辩护
in defence of 为了保卫……；为……辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩解
③ defensive adj. 防御的，保护的
6
defend /d 'fend/ vt. 保卫；防守；辩解
【写作金句】　[外研选必三U3P43]Driven by a sense of commitment, a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. 在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。(演讲稿)
① in sb.'s charge＝in the charge of sb. 由某人掌管
take charge of 掌管；控制
free of charge 免费
② charge (sb.) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费
charge sb. with(doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
7
in charge of 主管；掌管
【写作金句】　The shop owner charged me nothing for the noodles, and I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up inside me. 店主没有收我买面条的钱，一股温暖和感激之情涌上我的心头。 (情感描写)
【特别提醒】　in charge of多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of 多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。
核心词汇
[再练习]
考点1　contradictory的相关用法
① Now you say you both left at ten—that's a _______________(contradict) of your last statement.
② [人教选必二U1P2]In general, doctors in those days had two _______________
(contradict) theories to explain how cholera spread.
③ [写作迁移]我们面前这两种说法显然是矛盾的。
We are faced with __________________________________________.
contradiction
contradictory
two apparently contradictory statements
考点2　suspect的相关用法
① The man ___________(suspect) of shooting 6 school children was caught by the police.
② Pilcher _______________ (suspect) of giving away government secrets to the enemy.
③ [北师选必三U9P66]Police questioned several __________(suspect), but they couldn't identify the person who killed the girl.
suspected
was suspected
suspects
考点3　blame的相关用法
① It is your wife as well as you that is __________(blame) for the spoiled child.
② The captain blamed himself _____ the team's poor performance.
③ [写作迁移]Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the network.
→_________________________________________, Alice was in low spirits. (分词短语作状语)

to blame
for
Blamed for the breakdown of the network
考点4　decrease的相关用法
① The number of new students decreased from 210 ____ 160 this year.
② There has been a 2% decrease ____ the rate of unemployment.
③ [写作迁移]由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。(一句多译)
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals ____________
________. (decrease n．)
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals _______________. (decrease v．)
to
in
is on the
decrease
is decreasing
考点5　cast的相关用法
① [写作迁移]研究结论让人们对宇宙的起源有了新认识。
The research findings ______________________________________________.
② [写作迁移]他选定她在他最近的一部影片里扮演一名雄心勃勃的律师。
________________________________________ in his latest movie.
cast new light on the origin of our universe
He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer
考点6　defend的相关用法
① [译林必修三U1P11]In _________(defend) of the factories, however, I'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.
② [北师必修一U2P43]Soft martial arts, such as tai chi, teach you to use your opponent's own force to ________(defence) yourself.
③ [写作迁移]我们应该记住那些为保卫国家而献身的军人。
We should keep the soldiers ____________________________________ in mind.

defence
defend
who died in defence of our country
考点7　in charge of及其拓展短语的相关用法
① Don't worry. We will offer you lunch ________________.　
② Do you think museums should ____________ admission
③ [写作迁移]I'll be in charge of the whole company next week when the manager is away. (同义句转换)
＝I'll ________________ the whole company next week when the manager is away.
＝The whole company will be __________________ me next week when the manager is away.
free of charge
charge for
take charge of
in the charge of
1
subscribe to 同意，赞同；定期订购(或订阅等)；定期捐款；定期交纳(会员费)
一词多义
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [人教选必二U1P4]Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming. _______________
② The old man is so kind and generous that he subscribes regularly to an environmental action group.____________
③ [译林选必四U4P45]Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example, you could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses.______________________
同意，赞同
定期捐款
定期订购(或订阅等)
2
handle /'h ndl/ n. 把手，拉手，柄　vt. 处理，应付(局势、人、工作或感情)；(用手)触，搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [人教选必二U1P2] Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. ____________________
② [人教选必二U2P15]How can students prepare to handle these challenges before going abroad _______________________________________
③ Please don't handle the vases—they're very fragile. ___________________
④ I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car.
_______________________________
n. 把手，拉手，柄
vt. 处理，应付(局势、人、工作或感情)
vt. (用手)触，搬动
vt. 操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
3
initial / 'n l/ adj. 最初的，开始的；第一的　n. (名字的)首字母　vt. 用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [外研选必四U4P52]The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was totally outside my experience. ____________________
② John Fitzgerald Kennedy was often known by his initials JFK.
___________________
③ Please initial each page and sign in the space provided.
___________________________________
adj. 最初的，开始的
n. (名字的)首字母
vt. 用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于
4
shift / ft/ n. 改变；转移；轮班　vt. & vi. (使)挪动；(使)转移　vi. 变动
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① He shifted uncomfortably in his seat when I mentioned money. ________
② [人教选必三U1P2]In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. ________
③ [北师选必三U7P22]These people are the night workers—nurses on night shift, lorry drivers crossing continents and bakers preparing breakfast bread. _______
④ [人教选必二U1P9]Qian changed his major because of a shift in personal interest.
_______
vi. 挪动
vi.变动
n. 轮班
n. 改变
5
trace /tre s/ vt. 追溯，追究；查出，发现；描绘(事物的过程或发展)，追述　n. 痕迹，踪迹；遗迹
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① The police are trying to trace the mother of a newborn baby found abandoned outside a hospital. _______________
② It's said that the practice of giving eggs at Easter can be traced back to festivals in ancient Rome. _______________
③ Police searched the area but found no trace of the escaped prisoners.
______________
④ Her book traces the town's history from Saxon times to the present day.
___________________________________
⑤ It's exciting to discover traces of earlier civilizations.___________
vt. 查出，发现
vt. 追溯，追究
n. 痕迹，踪迹
vt. 描绘(事物的过程或发展)，追述
n. 遗迹
重难句式
【课本原句】 It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。
Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
have＋宾语＋过去分词
have sth. done 使某事被做；请人做某事
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态
can't have sb. doing sth. 不能容忍某人做某事
have sth. to do有某事要做
【写作迁移】　完成句子
① 一旦您的订单被确认，我们将在24小时内为您配送。
Once your order is confirmed, we will ___________________________________.
② 上周日我们学校让我们参加五公里越野赛跑以增强体质。
Last Sunday our school _____________________ a five-kilometre cross-country running race to build up our bodies.
③ 非常抱歉让你等了这么久，但我刚才确实有一件急事要处理。
I'm terribly sorry for _________________________________ but I really _________
_________________________ just now.
have it delivered within 24 hours
had us take part in
having you waiting for so long
had an
urgent matter to attend to
素材积累
应 用 文 话题：科学与科学家
【好词记忆】
1. make a breakthrough 取得突破　　　　　　　　
2. make a real difference to 对……有影响
3. acknowledge defeat 承认失败　
4. promote the scientific spirit 弘扬科学精神
5. major in aviation 主修航空　　　　　　　　　
6. set a good example for 为……树立好榜样
应 用 文 7. be thought highly of 受到高度评价　　　　
8. lay a solid foundation for 为……奠定基础
9. scientific advances 科学进步
10. have far-reaching implications 具有深远的影响
应 用 文 【好句背诵】
1. the reason why...is that...
The reason why I admire Marie Curie is that she showed the world that women can make important contributions to science. 我钦佩居里夫人的原因是她向世界展示了女性可以为科学做出重要贡献。
2. 动词不定式作目的状语
In order to foster students' interest in science and encourage innovative thinking, the 15th Campus Science and Technology Festival was held by our school last Sunday.
为了培养学生对科学的兴趣，鼓励创新思维，我校上周日举办了第十五届校园科技节。
3. 倒装句
Not only did it enhance the students' understanding of science, but it also sparked their curiosity to explore the natural world. 它不仅增强了学生对科学的理解，还激发了他们探索自然界的好奇心。
读 后 续 写 【动作描写：腿部动作1】
1. dash into 冲进……　　　　　　　　　
2. rush towards...like an arrow from a bow 像箭一样冲向……
3. slide into 溜进
4. tiptoe into/out of 踮着脚走进/走出
5. walk on tiptoe 踮着脚走
6. stagger to one's feet 摇摇晃晃地站起来
7. drag one's legs 拖着双腿
8. struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
9. cross one's legs 跷着二郎腿
10. walk aimlessly along the street 漫无目的地在大街上走着
实战演练
应用文(活动报道：校园科技节)
1. _________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________ (为了培养学生对科学的兴趣，鼓励创新思维，我校上周日举办了第十五届校园科技节).
During the festival, various activities were organized. Students participated in science experiments, in which they observed fascinating chemical reactions and explored the principles of physics. Moreover, a robotics competition attracted many viewers, showcasing the students' programming and engineering skills. 2. ____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ (一个以学生的发明为特色的技术展览也是一个亮点，展示了他们的创造力和解决问题的能力).
In order to foster students' interest in science and encourage innovative
thinking, the 15th Campus Science and Technology Festival was held by our school
last Sunday
A tech exhibition
featuring students' inventions was also a highlight, demonstrating their creativity
and problem-solving skills
The festival received overwhelmingly positive feedback from both students and teachers. 3. _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ (它不仅增强了学生对科学的理解，还激发了他们探索自然界的好奇心).
Not only did it enhance the students' understanding of science, but it
also sparked their curiosity to explore the natural world
读后续写(动作描写：腿部动作1)
4. 他的心都提到嗓子眼儿了，从自行车上一跃而下，像离弦之箭一样冲向那座燃烧着的建筑。
With his heart in his throat, he jumped off the bike and ________________________
______________________________________.
5. 母亲蹑手蹑脚地走出了卧室，尽量不吵醒婴儿。
Mother ____________________________, trying not to wake the baby up.
6. 他从后门悄悄溜进教室，希望没人注意到他。
He _________________________ from the back door, hoping no one would notice him.
rushed towards the burning
building like an arrow from a bow
tiptoed out of the bedroom
slid into the classroom
必备知识 · 过关
Ⅰ. 英汉互译(每空1分，共33分)
1. _______ n. 病毒
2. _________n. 彩虹
3. _______n. 固体
4. _______v. 把……归咎于；责怪
5. _________n. 概念；观念
6. ______n. 联系；纽带
7. ______ v. 投射；投掷
8. ___________ adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
virus
rainbow
solid
blame
concept
link
cast
brilliant
9. ____________ n. 显微镜
10. __________ adj. 数量多的；多种多样的
11. ___________ n. 一家人；同住一所(套)房子的人
12. ________ n. 把手　v. 处理
13. _____ adj. 未煮的；生的
14. __________ n. &v. 减少；降低
15. ____________ n. [pl.]统计数字；统计学
16. __________ n. 思想；思维；见解
17. _________ n. 蛋白质
microscope
multiple
household
handle
raw
decrease
statistics
thinking
protein
18. ______ n. 细胞
19. _________ n. 发现；调查结果
20. ________ n. 阴影；影子
21. ______ v. 倒出；倾泻
22. _________ n. 导弹
23. __________ adj. 抽象的
24. ___________ n. 望远镜
25. ___________ n. 框架；结构
26. _______ n. 弱点；过错
cell
finding
shadow
pour
missile
abstract
telescope
framework
fault
27. _______ n. 改变；转换；轮班
28. _______ v. 追溯；追踪 n. 痕迹；踪迹
29. _________ prep. 除……之外(还) adv. 而且；此外
30. vaccine n. _______
31. patriotic adj. _________
32. aviation n. ________________________
33. furthermore adv. ___________
shift
trace
besides
疫苗
爱国的
航空制造业；航空；飞行
此外；再者
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展(每空1分，共18分)
1. ____________ adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的→_____________ n. 沮丧；懊恼→frustrate v. 使懊恼；使沮丧
2. _______________adj. 相互矛盾的→contradict v. 相矛盾；相反
3. ___________n. 感染；传染→infect v. 使感染；传染→____________ adj. 感染的
4. subscribe v. 认购(股份)；定期订购→______________ n. 订阅费；订购
5. suspect v. 怀疑；疑有→___________ n. 怀疑；嫌疑
6. severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的→__________ n. 严重性；严厉
frustrated
frustration
contradictory
infection
infectious
subscription
suspicion
severity
7. mechanical adj. 机械的；发动机的→__________ n. 机械师；机械修理工
8. ____________ n. 领导；领导地位→________ n. 领导者→lead v. 带路；引领
9. ________ adj. 有天赋的；天资聪慧的→gift n. 天赋；天才
10. _______ n. 证据；证明→prove v. 证明
11. ___________ n. 助理；助手→assist v. 帮助；协助→____________ n. 帮助；协助
12. ____________ n. 天文学家→astronomy n. 天文学
13. defend v. 保卫；辩解→_________ n. 防御；辩解→__________ n. 守卫者
mechanic
leadership
leader
gifted
proof
assistant
assistance
astronomer
defence
defender
Ⅲ. 重难短语(每空1分，共15分)
1. _________ 及时
2. __________________ 最终地；彻底地
3. ____________ 通常；从总体上看
4. ______________ 同意；赞同
5. _____________ (对某事)负有责任
6. ________________ 由于；作为……的结果
7. _______________________ 可能做某事
8. ___________ 幸亏；由于
in time
once and for all
in general
subscribe to
be to blame
as a result of
be likely to do sth.
thanks to
9. ___________ (战争、打斗等)突然开始；爆发
10. ______________ 主管；掌管
11. _________ 承担(责任)；呈现
12. ___________________________ 在十九世纪初
13. ________________ 患(病)；染上(小病)
14. ___________ 最重要的是；尤其是
15. ________________________________ 通过某人不懈的努力
break out
in charge of
take on
in the early 19th century
come down with
above all
through sb.'s tireless efforts
Ⅳ. 单词拼写(每题1分，共8分)
1. [外研选必三U5P72]One of the _____________(优秀的，杰出的) features of traditional Chinese martial arts is the way they imitate animal movements.
2. [北师选必二U5P31]In that _______(生动的) moment, Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word “love”．
3. [人教选必二U1P8]Under Qian's ____________(领导), China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.
4. [译林选必三U4P54]At the _________(最初的) stage of the Silk Road development, silk was the main item in the trade list thanks to its light weight and high value.
outstanding
vivid
leadership
initial
5. [译林选必四U1P6]Huang excelled where he was working and made __________
(大量的，价值巨大的) contributions to his country.
6. [外研选必二U5P75]According to official ____________(统计数字), over 3,000 plant species have been recorded there.
7. [北师选必二U5P37]Galilei is now known as the father of ___________(天文学) but he believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle.
8. [外研选必四U5P78]Lacking any __________(具体的) evidence, some even claim it was supernatural powers!
substantial
statistics
astronomy
concrete
Ⅴ. 单句语法填空(每题1分，共10分)
1. [外研选必二U5P68]This ______________(intervene) is a long, much-delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
2. [北师选必三U9P58]An epidemic is the name given to an ____________(infect) disease that rapidly spreads to a large number of people within a short period of time.
3. [人教选必三U5P50]The poems may not make sense and even seem _______________(contradict), but they are easy to learn and recite.
4. [译林选必四U4P45]You could register online and subscribe ____ e-learning courses, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.
intervention
infectious
contradictory
to
5. [北师必修一U2P43]These martial arts are soft for the __________(defend) but not for the attacker!
6. [译林选必三U2P26]There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers, ___________(mechanical) and research assistants.
7. [北师选必二U4P22]Humour can act as a way for more reserved people to express their ______________(frustrate) with life, daily routines and even other people.
8. [译林选必四U3P34]You may have a ___________(brilliance) idea, but before you decide to put it into action, it is wise to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of this option.
defender
mechanics
frustrations
brilliant
9. [外研选必三U5P76]Thoreau's descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and ________(pure) of the wild areas around him.
10. [外研选必三U5P74]Both men made dramatic _________________(transform) to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.
purity
transformations
Ⅵ. 高级句式表达(每题4分，共16分)
1. 好天气使西班牙成为旅游胜地。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
It's the good weather that ______________________________.
2. 这药要是能按时服用，是非常有效的。(状语从句的省略)
The medicine is quite effective __________________.
3. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。(表语从句)
My suggestion is _______________________________________.
4. 直到我参加了这次水果采摘活动，我才意识到学校餐厅反对浪费的重要性。(It was not until... that...)
___________________________________________________ I realized the importance of school canteens being against waste.
makes Spain a tourist resort
if taken on time
that we (should) start early tomorrow
It was not until I took part in the fruit-picking activity that

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