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(共44张PPT)
教材突破
选择性必修　第四册
Unit 1　Science fiction
基础知识 · 回顾
① make an appointment with sb. 与某人约定
have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约
② appoint vt. 任命，委任；安排，确定(时间、地点)
appoint sb. to do sth. 任命某人做某事
appoint sb. as/to be... 任命某人为……
③ appointed adj. 事先约定好的；指定的
1
appointment / 'p ntm nt/ n. 预约；约会；委任
核心词汇
[先讲解]
【写作金句】　Learning he was appointed as head of the team, he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house. 得知自己被任命为小组组长后，他无法掩饰自己的激动，手舞足蹈地进了家。 (动作和情感描写)
① be guilty of sth. 犯有……罪
be guilty about sth. 对……感到内疚
② guilt n. 内疚；犯罪；罪责
out of guilt 出于内疚
2
guilty /'ɡ lti/ adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
【写作金句】　“But I have cheated my grandmother,” she said, and tears of guilt flowed down her cheeks. 她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶。”内疚的泪水顺着她的脸颊流了下来。(情感描写)
① declare sth./sb. to be 宣布……为……
declare for/against... 声明赞成/反对……
declare that... 宣布/宣称……
declare war (on/against...) (向……)宣战
It's declared that... 已经宣布……
② declaration n. 宣告；声明；宣布
3
declare /d 'kle (r)/ vt. 表明；宣称；公布
【写作金句】　[外研必修三U3P42]Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. 本杰明·富兰克林是美国的开国元勋之一，帮助起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪法。(人物介绍)
take after (外貌或行为)像(父或母)
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take up 占据；开始从事
take down 写下；记录
take to 开始喜欢
4
take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
【写作金句】　[人教选必四U5P58]You are becoming a young adult. You are old enough to take on more responsibilities and make very important choices. 你正在成为一个年轻人。你已经长大了，可以承担更多的责任，做出非常重要的选择。
fall out 脱落；吵翻
fall apart 崩溃；破碎
fall asleep 入睡
fall on 适逢，正当
fall ill 生病
fall over 被……绊倒
fall for 爱上；信以为真
fall behind 落后；落在……后面
5
fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
【写作金句】　Because almost everything—all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure—these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.
因为几乎所有的事物——所有外界的期望，所有荣耀，所有对难堪或失败的恐惧——这些在面对死亡时都会消失，只留下真正重要的东西。
① have an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
② urge sb. to do sth. 催促/力劝某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/呼吁……
It is urged that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/呼吁……做某事
③ urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
④ urgency n. 紧急；迫切
6
urge / d / n. 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐
【写作金句】　The public urge that smoking (should) be banned in public places for the sake of others' health. 公众要求为了他人的健康，禁止在公共场所吸烟。
【特别提醒】　urge作动词后面跟宾语从句时，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
核心词汇
[再练习]
考点1　appointment的相关用法
① I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the ___________ (appoint) with you, and I will appoint my brother __________(pick) you up at the airport.
② ____________(appoint) as president of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech at the school hall now.
③ [写作迁移]我很抱歉不能和你一起去书店了，因为我要在这周六下午临时约见我的牙医。
I am sorry that I can't go to the bookstore with you because I ___________________ ___________________ my dentist this Saturday afternoon.
appointment
to pick
Appointed
have a temporary
appointment with
考点2　guilty的相关用法
① He told me how miserable he had been and how __________(guilt) he felt.
② [写作迁移]出于内疚，我向老师道歉并保证这种事情不会再发生。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
guilty
Out of guilt, I apologized to my teacher and promised this would never happen again.　
考点3　declare的相关用法
① [译林选必三U3P40]Japan had hatched a plot to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbour, so the attack began without warning and without declaring war ______________ the United States.
② [外研选必一U5P71]After George's death, the Pinta Island tortoise ____________ (declare) extinct in 2012.
③ The court declared the accused _____________(be) innocent, which made his parents excited.
on/against
was declared
to be/was
考点4　take over及其拓展短语的相关用法
① [外研选必三U2P28]Mr Wang has now passed on his skills to the new members, who will ___________ many of the future repairs.
② When I checked in at the hotel, the waiter _____________ my name and ID card number.
③ I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to ___________ too much of your time.
take on
took down
take up
考点5　fall away及其拓展短语的相关用法
① Modesty helps one go forward while pride makes one _______________.
② If you take this medicine, all your symptoms will _____________.
③ The deal ______________ when we failed to agree on a price.
④ [写作迁移]春节是中国最重要的传统节日，从中国农历的第一天开始，持续差不多半个月。
The Spring Festival, which is the most significant traditional festival in China, ________________________________________________________ and lasts for almost half a month.
fall behind
fall away
fell apart
falls on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar
考点6　urge的相关用法
① The teacher demanded that the students should be taught how to take __________ action in case of ____________. (urge)
② [外研选必三U6P91]Carson urged people ___________(make) themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.
③ [写作迁移]公众要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件再次发生。
____________________________________________________________ to prevent such cases from happening again.
urgent
urgency
to make
The public urged that the government (should) take measures
1
suspend /s 'spend/ vt. 悬，挂；暂停，暂缓；推迟；使暂时停职(或停学等)
一词多义
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① A lamp was suspended from the ceiling. __________
② [译林选必三U4P47]Therefore, the repair work was suspended. ______________
③ The introduction of the new system has been suspended until next year. ________
④ Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident.
________________________
悬，挂
暂停，暂缓
推迟
使暂时停职(或停学等)
2
dismiss /d s'm s/vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；解雇；解散；把(某人)打发走
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [北师选必一U3P73]The next years are horrible for Mathilde, who works like a servant, her own servant having been dismissed. ________
② [译林选必三U3P30]For many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends. ____________________________
③ [人教选必四U1P3]The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. __________________
解雇
不予考虑，对……不屑一提
把(某人)打发走
3
superior /su 'p ri (r)/ adj. (在品质上)更好的，占优势的；(在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的；有优越感的，高傲的　n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人，上司
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [人教选必四U1P7] Robots are much stronger than we are and may be superior to us in the future. ____________________________________
② I'm going to complain to your superiors if you don't change the broken watch under guarantee. ________________________________________
③ The other girls in the team disliked her superior manner.
____________________________
④ A superior court may review decisions of a lower court.
________________________________________
adj. (在品质上)更好的，占优势的
n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人，上司
adj. 有优越感的，高傲的
adj. (在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的
4
turn out 关掉，熄灭；出席，在场；结果是；生产，制造
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [译林必修一U2P17]Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. __________
② The children just played until their parents came round to turn the lamps out.
______________
③ It was surprising that thousands of people turned out for the funeral.
______________
④ The company turns out 900 cars a week this year. ______________
结果是
关掉，熄灭
出席，在场
生产，制造
本句是一个并列句。其中第一分句中的 suspended from the ceiling是过去分词短语作后置定语，逻辑主语a light与suspend之间是被动关系。　
过去分词短语作定语
重难句式
【课本原句】 Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. 克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但从梯子上摔了下来。
【易混辨析】　过去分词、现在分词的被动式和不定式的被动式作定语的区别
形式 意义 例句
过去分词(done) 表示已经发生的被动动作 The meeting held yesterday is of great importance to us.
昨天举行的会议对于我们来说很重要。
现在分词的被动式(being done) 表示正在进行的被动动作 The problem being discussed now is difficult to settle.
这个正在被讨论的问题很难解决。
不定式的被动式 (to be done) 表示将要发生的被动动作 The building to be built next year will be a restaurant.
明年将要建的建筑是一个餐馆。　
【写作迁移】　语法填空/完成句子
① The Olympic Games, first ________(hold) in 776 BC, did not include women.
② These are books _______________(give) away to the school library tomorrow.
③ The question ___________________(discuss) here is closely connected with everyone.
④ 怀特夫人给学生看了从图书馆里借来的一些旧的地图。
Mrs White showed her students __________________________________________.
held
to be given
being discussed
some old maps borrowed from the library
写作能力 · 提升
素材积累
应 用 文 话题：科幻小说
【好词记忆】
1. time travel 时间旅行　　　　　　　 2. artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能
3. virtual reality(VR) 虚拟现实　　　4. deep space exploration 深空探索
5. cloning technology 克隆技术 　　　6. virtual school 虚拟学校
7. gene editing technology 基因编辑技术　
8. space colony 太空殖民地　　　　9. time machine 时光机　　　　　
10. parallel universe 平行宇宙
应 用 文 【好句背诵】
1. what引导宾语从句
Science fiction has broadened my perspective on what the future might hold and inspired me to think creatively.
科幻作品拓宽了我对未来可能性的视野，也激励我进行创造性思考。
2. 过去分词短语作状语
Inspired by classic science fiction films, many teenagers begin to show great interest in space travel.
受经典科幻电影的启发，许多青少年开始对太空旅行产生浓厚兴趣。
3. the ＋ 比较级，the ＋ 比较级
The more science fiction works we read, the more creative ideas we will come up with in daily life.
我们读的科幻作品越多，在日常生活中就会产生越多创意想法。
读 后 续 写 【修辞手法】
明喻(simile)：本体、喻体同时出现，常用like, as...as..., as if等词连接。
1. as brave as a lion 像狮子一样勇敢　　　　　　　
2. as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌
3. as cold as ice 像冰一样冷　　　　　
4. as fast as lightning 像闪电一样快
5. as gentle as a lamb 像小羊一样温顺　
6. as happy as a lark 像云雀一样快乐
7. as hungry as a wolf 像狼一样饿　　
8. as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻
9. as blind as a bat 像蝙蝠一样眼神不济
10. as stubborn as a mule 像骡子一样固执
实战演练
应用文(演讲稿：科幻小说之我见)
My View on Science Fiction
I have always been fascinated by science fiction. 1. __________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (如此喜欢它是因为它能让我沉浸于一个个截然不同的世界，去探索未来的种种可能).
Indeed, it has profoundly shaped my thinking.
The reason why I enjoy it so much is that it allows me to escape into different worlds and explore the possibilities of the future/I enjoy it so much because it allows me to escape into different worlds and explore future possibilities
2. __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________(它拓宽了我对未来可能性的视野，也激励我进行创造性思考). Additionally, it has encouraged me to pursue my interests in science and technology.
3. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________(总而言之，科幻作品不仅具有娱乐性，还兼具意义与启发性).
It has broadened my perspective on what the future might hold and inspired me to think creatively
In conclusion, science fiction is not only entertaining, but also meaningful and inspiring
读后续写(修辞手法：明喻)
4. 听到弟弟求救的哭声，她像闪电一样快地冲到后院，结果发现他被一块石头绊倒了。
When she heard her little brother crying for help, _____________________________ _______________________, only to find he had tripped over a stone.
5. 当妈妈告诉她这周末要去游乐园时，她像云雀一样快乐，蹦蹦跳跳地拍着手。
When her mum told her they would go to the amusement park this weekend, _______ ______________________________________________________________________.
she dashed to the backyard as fast as lightning
she became as happy as a lark, jumping up and down and clapping her hands
6. 在她的生日派对前，妈妈像蜜蜂一样忙碌：在厨房烤草莓蛋糕，用彩色气球装饰客厅，还不停地核对清单，确保没有遗漏任何一份礼物。
Before her birthday party, ____________________________: she baked a strawberry cake in the kitchen, decorated the living room with colourful balloons, and kept checking the list to make sure no gift was missing.
Mum was as busy as a bee
必备知识 · 过关
Ⅰ. 英汉互译(每空1分，共23分)
1. ____________________ adv. 向后；倒着；往回
2. _______ v. (去)拿来；(去)请来
3. _______ n. 面粉
4. ________ n. 薪水；薪金
5. ____________ n. 女售货员
6. _______ n. 奖金；红利
7. ______ n. 指甲；钉子
8. ____________ n. 女主席；女董事长
backwards/backward
fetch　
flour
salary
saleswoman
bonus
nail
chairwoman
9. ______________ n. 克(重量单位)
10. __________ n. 售货员；推销员
11. _______ n. 控制板；仪表盘
12. ______ n. 英寸
13. _______ n. 侄女；外甥女
14. ______________ n. 手帕；纸巾
15. ______ n. 灯；台灯
16. ______ n. 速度；步伐；节奏
17. ________n. 梯子；阶梯
gramme/gram
salesman
panel
inch
niece
handkerchief
lamp
pace
ladder
18. whereas conj. ____________________
19. fare n. ________________________
20. alien n. ________________________
21. overstatement n. ______________
22. rumour n. ______________
23. ridiculous adj. __________________________
然而；但是；尽管
车费；船费；飞机票价
外星人(生物)；外国人
夸大；夸张
谣言；传闻
愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展(每空1分，共15分)
1. _____________ n. 预约；约会；委任→___________ adj. (时间)指定的，约定的→appoint v. 任命；指定
2. urge v. 催促；力劝→_________ adj. 紧急的；急迫的→__________ n. 紧急，急迫
3. explode v. 爆炸；爆破→___________ n. 爆炸；爆破
4. _________ v. 悬；挂；暂停→____________ n. 暂缓；推迟
5. declare v. 表明；宣称→_____________ n. 宣称；公布
appointment
appointed
urgent
urgency
explosion
suspend
suspension
declaration
6. ___________ v. 计算；核算→_____________ n. 计算；估计→____________ n. 计算器
7. ___________ n. 最大量；最大限度→____________ v. 使增加到最大限度
8. dismiss v. 解散；解雇→___________ n. 解雇；开除；不予考虑
9. fiction n. 小说；虚构的事→___________ adj. 虚构的；小说(中)的
calculate
calculation
calculator
maximum
maximize
dismissal
fictional
Ⅲ. 重难短语(每空2分，共30分)
1. ______________ 根据；以……的方式(基准)
2. ___________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
3. ___________ 更像是；更接近
4. _____________ 转身
5. ___________ 毕竟
6. _________________ 科幻小说(或影片等)
7. _______________ 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
8. _____________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
on a...basis
take over
more like
turn around
after all
science fiction
pros and cons
superior to
9. __________ 检验；测试
10. _______________ 与……冲突或抵触
11. __________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
12. ___________ (逐渐)减少；消失
13. _________________________ 有强烈的欲望做某事
14. ______________________________ 与某人约会
15. ______________________________ 把某物从某人的脑海里去除
test out
conflict with
turn out　
fall away
have an urge to do sth.
make an appointment with sb.
dismiss sth. from sb.'s mind
Ⅳ. 单词拼写(每题1分，共8分)
1. [北师选必二U5P47]It also helps you behave with ___________(诚实正直), regardless of your background or circumstances.
2. [译林选必二U2P23]There is an old and very wise saying, repeated many times, “Win with humility, lose with grace, and do both with _________(尊严).”
3. [人教选必四U1P5]A 3,000-seat _______(活动场地) will be built for the circus performance in November.
4. [人教选必一U5P51]It was difficult to ___________(计算) exactly how many trees had been cut down.
integrity
dignity
venue
calculate
5. [北师选必三U7P20]This video presents an interview about what changes the robot economy will bring to jobs and the ________(劳动) force in the future.
6. [外研选必四U1P14]This included trips to a local _________(皮革) workshop and a flour mill, for which my city is well known.
7. [北师选必四U10P9]He chose a _____________(随机的) sample of people in the middle of America and asked them to send packages to a stranger in the state of Massachusetts.
8. [译林选必二U1P3]Journalists may choose to present the minimum, the ____________ (最大量) or something in between in their news reports.
labour
leather
random
maximum
Ⅴ. 单句语法填空(每题1分，共8分)
1. [北师选必一U2P31]This worried me a lot and I felt very ________(guilt) being a rich man without doing anything.
2. [人教选必四U1P8]The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was __________(divide) between night and day.
3. [译林必修三U3P31]Then there was an ___________(explode) of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action.
4. [北师必修一U1P15]In front of the classrooms, there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and _______(mud) on rainy days.
guilty
division
explosion
muddy
5. [外研选必二U5P68]In 2014, Macquarie Island ________________(declare) pest-free and the island's ecology is finally on the road to recovery.
6. [北师选必一U1P15]I can't even imagine going without social networking for a week—think of all the important ______________(appoint), invitations and news updates you would miss!
7. [外研选必二U2P32]The ____________(superiority) man must be watchful over himself when he is alone.
8. [人教必修二U3P34]Rather than going out to stores __________(week) or even daily, more and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes.
was declared
appointments
superior
weekly
Ⅵ. 高级句式表达(每题4分，共16分)
1. 与其说他是作家，不如说他是老师。(more... than...)
He is __________________________________.
2. 看，其余的客人来了！(全部倒装)
Look, _______________ the rest of our guests!
3. 在我看来，是他的坚定决心改变了一切。(强调句型)　
As far as I'm concerned, ________________________________________________.
4. 迫切需要他们结束彼此之间的冲突。(urgent)
_________________________ they should put an end to the conflicts between them.
more a teacher than a writer
here come
it was his strong determination that made a difference
It is strongly urgent that

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