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选择性必修　第四册
Unit 1　Science fiction
核心词汇
1. ① appointment; to pick　② Appointed　③ have a temporary appointment with
2. ① guilty　② Out of guilt, I apologized to my teacher and promised this would never happen again.
3. ① on/against　② was declared　③ to be/was
4. ① take on　② took down　③ take up
5. ① fall behind　② fall away　③ fell apart　④ falls on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar
6. ① urgent; urgency　② to make　③ The public urged that the government (should) take measures
一词多义
1．① 悬，挂　② 暂停，暂缓　③ 推迟　④ 使暂时停职(或停学等)
2. ① 解雇　② 不予考虑，对……不屑一提　③ 把(某人)打发走
3．① adj. (在品质上)更好的，占优势的　② n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人，上司　③ adj. 有优越感的，高傲的　④ adj. (在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的
4．① 结果是　② 关掉，熄灭　③ 出席，在场　④ 生产，制造
重难句式
① held　② to be given　③ being discussed　④ some old maps borrowed from the library
实战演练
1. The reason why I enjoy it so much is that it allows me to escape into different worlds and explore the possibilities of the future/I enjoy it so much because it allows me to escape into different worlds and explore future possibilities
2. It has broadened my perspective on what the future might hold and inspired me to think creatively
3. In conclusion, science fiction is not only entertaining, but also meaningful and inspiring
4. she dashed to the backyard as fast as lightning
5. she became as happy as a lark, jumping up and down and clapping her hands
6. Mum was as busy as a bee
Unit 2　Iconic attractions
核心词汇
1. ① foundation　② founded　③ laid a solid foundation for his work
2. ① politician　② politics　③ political
3. ① entitled　② to
4. ① were sponsored　② has sponsored　③ sponsored
5. ① distribution　② distributor(s)　③ Distributed
6. ① violent　② violently　③ violence
一词多义
1. ① adj. 联合的，共同的　② n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)　③ n. 关节
2. ① 短假　② (尤指犯罪后的)逃跑，逃走　③ 适合度假的地方
3. ① 会议　② —场，一节　③ 一段时间　④ (法庭的)开庭，开庭期
4．① vt. 使孵出　② vi. 孵化，孵出　③ vt. 策划，(尤指)密谋
重难句式
1. ① No matter when/Whenever he comes again　② no matter how/however hard it is　③ Whoever breaks the law
2. ① On the one hand　② For another
实战演练
1. It is through these landmarks that we can better understand a place's culture
2. Exploring them not only broadens our horizons but also deepens respect for diversity
3. Life is a journey where there are rough roads, but also beautiful views ahead
4. looking for his friend in a sea of people
5. a cloud of doubt rose in her heart/settled over her
Unit 3　Sea exploration
核心词汇
1. ① extended　② extension　③ extend my heartfelt thanks/gratitude to all the people
2. ① negotiating　② negotiable　③ negotiation　④ I will negotiate with their coach
3. ① withdrew　② withdrawal　③ from
4. ① handed down　② in hand　③ handed out　④ at hand
5. ① on　② merciful　③ at the mercy of many unexpected things
6. ① possessed; possession; possession　② possessions
③ possess the house; take/be in possession of; in the possession of
一词多义
1. ① 联赛，联合会　② 等级，水平
2. ① 渠道　② 方法，手段　③ 海峡　④ 水渠
3. ① 新闻报道　② 信息范围　③ 覆盖范围
4．① 利用　② 开发　③ 剥削
重难句式
① what is called　② what it used to be 10 years ago
实战演练
1. To arouse our interest in marine science and broaden our horizons
2. The ocean, covering over 70% of the Earth's surface, holds countless mysteries waiting to be explored
3. The lecture is particularly valuable because it not only highlights the importance of protecting marine ecosystems but also inspires us to care about the ocean's future
4. The moon hides behind clouds tonight
5. Opportunity knocks only for those who work hard and stay prepared
Unit 4　Sharing
核心词汇
1. ① a; privileged　② It is a privilege for me/I am privileged to
2. ① disabled　② disability　③ to treat the disabled with respect
3. ① making　② from　③ resignation　④ resign my position as chairman of the Students' Union
4. ① because everyone's ideas deserve consideration/considering/to be considered　② because everyone's ideas are worth considering　③ because everyone's ideas are worthy of consideration
5. ① take them for granted　② take it easy　③ Take your time　④ take it for granted that
6. ① consultation　② consultant　③ Don't consult/refer to a dictionary
一词多义
1. ① 药片　② 平板电脑　③ (固定于墙上作纪念的)牌，匾，碑
2. ① n. 阴凉处　② n. 阴影部分　③ vt. 把……涂暗
④ n. 灯罩　⑤ vt. 给……遮挡(光线)
3．① n. 塞子　② vt. 封堵　③ n. 插头
4. ① n. 合同，合约　② vt. 感染(疾病)　③ vt. 与……订立合同(或契约)　④ vt. (使)收缩
重难句式
① I noticed him sitting alone　② I found myself facing a difficult situation
实战演练
1. It is through sharing that we turn individual joys into double happiness and ease each other's sorrows
2. When sharing a book with a friend, you not only pass on knowledge but also start a meaningful conversation
3. As the old saying goes, “Shared joy is double joy; shared sorrow is half sorrow.”
4. Don't be discouraged when you face failure; Don't be proud when you face success
5. Behind every book is a man; behind the race
Unit 5　Launching your career
核心词汇
1. ① into　② off　③ in
2. ① accusing　② Accused　③ He was accused of cheating in the maths exam
3. ① priorities　② to　③ If a person places money prior to anything else
4. ① financial　② financially　③ be financed
5. ① acquiring　② to acquire　③ In order to acquire a better understanding of
一词多义
1. ① n. 弹性　② vi. 弹起　③ vi. 上下晃动
2. ① n. 简介，概述　② n. 形象　③ vt. 扼要介绍，概述，写简介
3．① vt. 突然看见，发现　② n. 密探，间谍　③ vi. 搜集情报
重难句式
1. ① talking　② sleeping　③ saying　④ waiting to see the famous actor
2. ① I wish I would live up to the expectations of my parents and teachers　② I wish I had followed my heart
实战演练
1. Illnesses always bring pains to us, but doctors can help us get rid of them
2. But I have faith in realizing my dream and overcoming all the difficulties
3. Though sometimes doctors may be misunderstood, they deserve to be respected
4. cry her eyes out in the dark cinema
5. ran the athlete like the wind
6. is highway robbery[先讲解]
appointment / 'p ntm nt/ n. 预约；约会；委任
① make an appointment with sb. 与某人约定
have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约
② appoint vt. 任命，委任；安排，确定(时间、地点)
appoint sb. to do sth. 任命某人做某事
appoint sb. as/to be... 任命某人为……
③ appointed adj. 事先约定好的；指定的
【写作金句】　Learning he was appointed as head of the team,he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house. 得知自己被任命为小组组长后，他无法掩饰自己的激动，手舞足蹈地进了家。 (动作和情感描写)
guilty /'ɡ lti/ adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
① be guilty of sth. 犯有……罪
be guilty about sth. 对……感到内疚
② guilt n. 内疚；犯罪；罪责
out of guilt 出于内疚
【写作金句】　“But I have cheated my grandmother，” she said,and tears of guilt flowed down her cheeks. 她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶。”内疚的泪水顺着她的脸颊流了下来。(情感描写)
declare /d 'kle (r)/ vt. 表明；宣称；公布
① declare sth./sb. to be 宣布……为……
declare for/against... 声明赞成/反对……
declare that... 宣布/宣称……
declare war (on/against...) (向……)宣战
It's declared that... 已经宣布……
② declaration n. 宣告；声明；宣布
【写作金句】　[外研必修三U3P42]Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. 本杰明·富兰克林是美国的开国元勋之一，帮助起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪法。(人物介绍)
take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
take after (外貌或行为)像(父或母)
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take up 占据；开始从事
take down 写下；记录
take to 开始喜欢
【写作金句】　[人教选必四U5P58]You are becoming a young adult. You are old enough to take on more responsibilities and make very important choices. 你正在成为一个年轻人。你已经长大了，可以承担更多的责任，做出非常重要的选择。
fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
fall out 脱落；吵翻
fall apart 崩溃；破碎
fall asleep 入睡
fall on 适逢，正当
fall ill 生病
fall over 被……绊倒
fall for 爱上；信以为真
fall behind 落后；落在……后面
【写作金句】　Because almost everything—all external expectations,all pride,all fear of embarrassment or failure—these things just fall away in the face of death,leaving only what is truly important. 因为几乎所有的事物——所有外界的期望，所有荣耀，所有对难堪或失败的恐惧——这些在面对死亡时都会消失，只留下真正重要的东西。
urge / d / n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐
① have an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
② urge sb. to do sth. 催促/力劝某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/呼吁……
It is urged that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/呼吁……做某事
③ urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
④ urgency n. 紧急；迫切
【写作金句】　The public urge that smoking (should) be banned in public places for the sake of others' health. 公众要求为了他人的健康，禁止在公共场所吸烟。
【特别提醒】　urge作动词后面跟宾语从句时，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
[再练习]
考点1　appointment的相关用法
① I have something urgent to handle and therefore,I have to cancel the (appoint) with you,and I will appoint my brother (pick) you up at the airport.
② (appoint) as president of the university yesterday,he is giving a speech at the school hall now.
③ [写作迁移]我很抱歉不能和你一起去书店了，因为我要在这周六下午临时约见我的牙医。
I am sorry that I can't go to the bookstore with you because I my dentist this Saturday afternoon.
考点2　guilty的相关用法
① He told me how miserable he had been and how (guilt) he felt.
② [写作迁移]出于内疚，我向老师道歉并保证这种事情不会再发生。
考点3　declare的相关用法
① [译林选必三U3P40]Japan had hatched a plot to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbour,so the attack began without warning and without declaring war the United States.
② [外研选必一U5P71]After George's death,the Pinta Island tortoise (declare) extinct in 2012.
③ The court declared the accused (be) innocent,which made his parents excited.
考点4　take over及其拓展短语的相关用法
① [外研选必三U2P28]Mr Wang has now passed on his skills to the new members,who will
many of the future repairs.
② When I checked in at the hotel,the waiter my name and ID card number.
③ I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to too much of your time.
考点5　fall away及其拓展短语的相关用法
① Modesty helps one go forward while pride makes one .
② If you take this medicine,all your symptoms will .
③ The deal when we failed to agree on a price.
④ [写作迁移]春节是中国最重要的传统节日，从中国农历的第一天开始，持续差不多半个月。
The Spring Festival,which is the most significant traditional festival in China,
and lasts for almost half a month.
考点6　urge的相关用法
① The teacher demanded that the students should be taught how to take action in case of . (urge)
② [外研选必三U6P91]Carson urged people (make) themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.
③ [写作迁移]公众要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件再次发生。
to prevent such cases from happening again.
suspend /s 'spend/ vt. 悬，挂；暂停，暂缓；推迟；使暂时停职(或停学等)
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.
② [译林选必三U4P47]Therefore,the repair work was suspended.
③ The introduction of the new system has been suspended until next year.
④ Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident.
dismiss /d s'm s/vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；解雇；解散；把(某人)打发走
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [北师选必一U3P73]The next years are horrible for Mathilde,who works like a servant,her own servant having been dismissed.
② [译林选必三U3P30]For many years,some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.
③ [人教选必四U1P3]The guests would be arriving soon,so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.
superior /su 'p ri (r)/ adj. (在品质上)更好的，占优势的；(在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的；有优越感的，高傲的　n. 级别(或地位、职位)更高的人，上司
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [人教选必四U1P7] Robots are much stronger than we are and may be superior to us in the future.
② I'm going to complain to your superiors if you don't change the broken watch under guarantee.
③ The other girls in the team disliked her superior manner.
④ A superior court may review decisions of a lower court.
turn out 关掉，熄灭；出席，在场；结果是；生产，制造
【对点微练】　赏句猜义
① [译林必修一U2P17]Everything will turn out all right in the end,and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood.
② The children just played until their parents came round to turn the lamps out.
③ It was surprising that thousands of people turned out for the funeral.
④ The company turns out 900 cars a week this year.
过去分词短语作定语
【课本原句】 Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling,but she fell off the ladder. 克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但从梯子上摔了下来。
本句是一个并列句。其中第一分句中的 suspended from the ceiling是过去分词短语作后置定语，逻辑主语a light与suspend之间是被动关系。　
【易混辨析】　过去分词、现在分词的被动式和不定式的被动式作定语的区别
形式 意义 例句
过去分词(done) 表示已经发生的被动动作 The meeting held yesterday is of great importance to us. 昨天举行的会议对于我们来说很重要。
现在分词的被动式(being done) 表示正在进行的被动动作 The problem being discussed now is difficult to settle.这个正在被讨论的问题很难解决。
不定式的被动式(to be done) 表示将要发生的被动动作 The building to be built next year will be a restaurant.明年将要建的建筑是一个餐馆。　
【写作迁移】　语法填空/完成句子
① The Olympic Games,first (hold) in 776 BC,did not include women.
② These are books (give) away to the school library tomorrow.
③ The question (discuss) here is closely connected with everyone.
④ 怀特夫人给学生看了从图书馆里借来的一些旧的地图。
Mrs White showed her students
.
应用文 话题：科幻小说【好词记忆】1. time travel 时间旅行　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2. artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能3. virtual reality(VR) 虚拟现实　 4. deep space exploration 深空探索5. cloning technology 克隆技术　　　　 6. virtual school 虚拟学校7. gene editing technology 基因编辑技术　 8. space colony 太空殖民地9. time machine 时光机　　　　　 10. parallel universe 平行宇宙【好句背诵】1. what引导宾语从句Science fiction has broadened my perspective on what the future might hold and inspired me to think creatively. 科幻作品拓宽了我对未来可能性的视野，也激励我进行创造性思考。2. 过去分词短语作状语Inspired by classic science fiction films,many teenagers begin to show great interest in space travel. 受经典科幻电影的启发，许多青少年开始对太空旅行产生浓厚兴趣。3. the ＋ 比较级，the ＋ 比较级The more science fiction works we read,the more creative ideas we will come up with in daily life.我们读的科幻作品越多，在日常生活中就会产生越多创意想法。
读后续写 【修辞手法】明喻(simile)：本体、喻体同时出现，常用like,as...as...,as if等词连接。1. as brave as a lion 像狮子一样勇敢　　　　　　　2. as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌 3. as cold as ice 像冰一样冷　　　　　 4. as fast as lightning 像闪电一样快5. as gentle as a lamb 像小羊一样温顺　 6. as happy as a lark 像云雀一样快乐 7. as hungry as a wolf 像狼一样饿　　 8. as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻9. as blind as a bat 像蝙蝠一样眼神不济 10. as stubborn as a mule 像骡子一样固执
应用文(演讲稿：科幻小说之我见)My View on Science Fiction　　I have always been fascinated by science fiction. 1. .Indeed,it has profoundly shaped my thinking.　　2. . Additionally,it has encouraged me to pursue my interests in science and technology.　　3. . 1. 如此喜欢它是因为它能让我沉浸于一个个截然不同的世界，去探索未来的种种可能2. 它拓宽了我对未来可能性的视野，也激励我进行创造性思考3. 总而言之，科幻作品不仅具有娱乐性，还兼具意义与启发性
读后续写(修辞手法：明喻)4. 听到弟弟求救的哭声，她像闪电一样快地冲到后院，结果发现他被一块石头绊倒了。When she heard her little brother crying for help, ，only to find he had tripped over a stone.5. 当妈妈告诉她这周末要去游乐园时，她像云雀一样快乐，蹦蹦跳跳地拍着手。When her mum told her they would go to the amusement park this weekend, .6. 在她的生日派对前，妈妈像蜜蜂一样忙碌：在厨房烤草莓蛋糕，用彩色气球装饰客厅，还不停地核对清单，确保没有遗漏任何一份礼物。Before her birthday party, : she baked a strawberry cake in the kitchen,decorated the living room with colourful balloons,and kept checking the list to make sure no gift was missing.

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