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考点一　形容词★★★★★(8年17考)
功能 用法 示例
作定语(修饰名词) 一般放在名词前 There was a long queue for coffee.
后置规则 修饰复合不定代词(如something)时：something important (重要的事情)
以-able、-ible结尾，前有最高级或all、every、only等时：a bike available(一辆可用的自行车)
表语形容词(如alive、awake、alone)作定语时：the most famous scientist alive(在世的最著名的科学家)
作表语(在系动词后) 一些以a-开头的形容词(afraid、alone、asleep、awake、aware) People are now aware that single-use plastics cause severe damage to our environment.
表示健康的形容词(如well、ill) He was ill and couldn't come.
以-ed结尾且表示心理状态的形容词：表示(人)感到……的以-ing结尾且表示心理状态的形容词：表示(物)令人……的 interested/interesting(感兴趣的/令人感兴趣的)tired/tiring(感到疲倦的/令人疲倦的)
作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语) 结构：动词＋宾语＋形容词常见动词：make、keep、find、think等 find the book interesting(觉得这本书有趣)keep the room clean(保持房间整洁)
作状语(修饰整个句子) 表示伴随、原因、结果等 They went back home, hungry and tired.
【特别提醒】
与形容词有关的几个重要句型：
1. It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.(形容词描述人的品质：kind、clever、foolish等)
It's foolish of me to make such a mistake. 我真傻，犯了这样的错误。
2. It is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.(形容词描述事物特征：important、difficult、easy等)
It's difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。
3. be＋adj.＋to do sth.(形容词有likely、able、happy、ready等)
People are more likely to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. 如果人们总是长时间坐在电脑屏幕前，就更有可能患上背部疾病。
【真题感悟】　单句语法填空
1. (2024新Ⅰ)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective (function) structure that is also beautiful.
2. (2023新Ⅰ)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings),those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers,encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
3. (2023新Ⅱ)I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and
(confidence) speaking English.
4. (2022甲)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more (meaning)．
5. (2021甲)Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their (day) routines.
6. (2020新Ⅰ)In the 18th and 19th centuries, (wealth) people travelled and collected plants,historical objects and works of art.
7. (2019Ⅲ)They also shared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
8. (2018Ⅰ)Running is cheap,easy and it's always (energy)．
考点二　副词★★★★★(8年12考)
要点 规则 示例
形容词→副词 一般直接加ly brave→bravely(勇敢地)　careful→carefully(小心地)
辅音＋y结尾，变y为i，再加ly busy→busily(忙碌地)　happy→happily(高兴地)特殊：shy→shyly(害羞地)
-le结尾，去e加y terrible→terribly(可怕地)　gentle→gently(温柔地)特殊：whole→wholly(完全)
-ue结尾ue不发音：直接＋lyue发音：去e加ly unique→uniquely(独特地)true→truly(真正地)
特殊变化以-ll结尾：只加-y以-ic结尾：加-ally full→fully(充分地)　basic→basically(基本上)economic→economically(经济上)特殊：public→publicly(公开地)
形容词与副词同形 词性根据语境判断 hard: adj. 硬的　adv. 努力地　early: adj. 早到的　adv. 提早　fast: adj. 快的　adv. 快速　well: adj. 健康的　adv. 好
易混同根副词 具体概念(无-ly)抽象概念(有-ly) deep(深深地，表具体深度) deeply(深深地，表情感或抽象)(2023新Ⅱ)deep in thought(陷入沉思)(2023乙)touch me deeply(深深地打动了我)
词义完全不同 late(迟) lately(最近)　　　　　　hard(努力地) hardly(几乎不)near(在附近) nearly(差不多)
-ly结尾的形容词 看似副词，实为形容词 friendly(友好的)　lovely(可爱的)　　　　lively(活泼的)　lonely(孤独的)deadly(致命的)　orderly(有秩序的)　daily(每日的)　weekly(每周的)
【真题感悟】　单句语法填空
1. (2025新Ⅰ)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,sculptures, (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2. (2023新Ⅱ)So,what are they learning (basic),how to describe a panda's life.
3. (2023新Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them,one steamer is (rare) enough,yet two seems greedy.
4. (2022新Ⅰ)The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas,and (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
5. (2020Ⅰ)Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging.　
6. (2019Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman of the Year.
7. (2018浙江) (recent),caffeine has found its way into orange,apple,and other flavoured drinks.
考点三　形容词/副词的原级、比较级和最高级★★★★(8年8考)
类型 结构 示例
原级比较 as＋原级＋as(和……一样) This book is as interesting as that one.
not as/so＋原级＋as(不如……) He doesn't study as hard as his brother.
比较级 比较级＋than(比……更) The weather today is colder than yesterday.
比较级的修饰语：much、a lot、far、even、a little、any等 Can you move a little farther？
比较级＋and＋比较级(越来越……) Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
The＋比较级， the＋比较级(越……，就越……) (2025新Ⅰ)The more I reflected, the heavier my guilt grew.
no/not＋比较级＋than(两者都不/前者不如后者) This book is no more expensive than that one.两本书都不贵。This book is not more expensive than that one.这本书不如那本贵。
最高级 (the)＋最高级＋范围(最……) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
最高级＋序数词(第几……) The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
a/an＋最高级(非常……) This is a most interesting film.
否定词与比较级连用，表示最高级含义 I've never read a more interesting novel.我从未读过比这更有趣的小说。
形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则
类型 变化规则 示例
单音节词 一般在词尾加-er和-est great→greater→greatesthard→harder→hardest
以-e结尾的只加-r和-st nice→nicer→nicest　large→larger→largest
以“辅音字母＋-y”结尾的，先变-y为-i，再加-er和-est dry→drier→driest
如果闭音节单音节词的词尾只有一个辅音字母，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est big→bigger→biggestthin→thinner→thinnest
双音节词 少数以-y、-er、-ow、-ble、-ple结尾的双音节词，变化规则同单音节词 clever→cleverer→cleverestsimple→simpler→simplesthappy→happier→happiest
大部分双音节词在前面加more和most careful→more careful→most careful
多音节词 在前面加more和most beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
【特别提醒】　不规则变化的情况有：
little→less→least　　　 　　
bad/ill→worse→worst　　 　　　
many/much→more→most
good/well→better→best　　
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest　　
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest
【真题感悟】　单句语法填空
1. (2024甲)Yellowstone was the (large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,which became a national monument in 1978,took the honours as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2. (2022甲)In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's (high) mountain.
3. (2019Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are (high) than they actually are.
4. (2018Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years
(long) than non-runners.
5. (2018Ⅲ)He screams the (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
6. (2017Ⅰ)People will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even
(bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.语法突破
专题一　名词、数词和主谓一致
名词
考点一　名词的数
1. afternoons　2. times　3. favourites/favorites　4. themes
5. treasures　6. interviews　7. Activities　8. chopsticks
9. seasons　10. causes　11. dishes
考点二　词性转换
1. guidance　2. strategic/strategical　3. central　4. absence
5. solution　6. engineering　7. richness　8. visibility
9. criticism　pletion　11. arrival　12. protection　13. development　14. curiosity　15. interest
考点三　名词所有格
1. people's　2. son's　3. hours'　4. country's　5. China's
主谓一致
1. tries　2. is　3. is　4. walks　5. were　6. were
7. means; is constructed　8. are
专题二　冠词与代词
冠词
1. the　2. a　3. the　4. the　5. a　6. the　7. A　8. the
9. the　10. a　11. the　12. a
代词
考点一　人称、物主、反身代词
1. myself　2. its　3. their　4. its　5. mine　6. them
考点二　不定代词
1. ones　2. neither　3. both　4. either
考点三　it的用法
1. it　2. it　3. it　4. It
专题三　形容词与副词
考点一　形容词
1. functional　2. tasty　3. confident　4. meaningful
5. daily　6. wealthy　7. traditional　8. energetic
考点二　副词
1. digitally　2. Basically　3. rarely　4. eventually
5. extremely　6. finally　7. Recently
考点三　形容词/副词的原级、比较级和最高级
1. largest　2. highest　3. higher　4. longer　5. loudest
6. worse
专题四　介词与连词
介词
考点二　其他常用介词
1. by　2. for　3. on/upon　4. as　5. to　6. by　7. for
8. for
考点三　介词短语
1. to　2. with　3. by　4. as　5. in　6. to　7. with　8. to
连词
考点一　连词的分类
1. and　2. and　3. and　4. or　5. and　6. or　7. and
8. and　9. but　10. and
专题五　动词的时态和语态
考点一　现在时
1. have started　2. has walked　3. suits　4. have been practising　5. have made
考点二　过去时
1. wished　2. addressed　3. was painted　4. touched　
5. had discovered　6. was driving
考点三　将来时
1. will be rewarded　2. will be refused　3. will be writing　4. will have saved
考点四　动词的语态
1. are revealed　2. was built　3. be offered　4. was amazed
5. were invited　6. had been trapped
专题六　非谓语动词
考点一　非谓语动词作主语和表语
1. closed　2. to walk　3. Learning　4. Travelling
考点二　非谓语动词作宾语
1. to present　2. returning　3. to bite　4. recording
5. spending　6. noting　7. looking
考点三　非谓语动词作宾语补足语
1. to be lifted　2. decorated　3. walking　4. recognizing
5. to stay
考点四　非谓语动词作状语
1. to give　2. to find　3. Recalling　4. to benefit
5. Having visited　6. planning　7. To strengthen
8. to plant　9. to promote　10. To enjoy
考点五　非谓语动词作定语
1. to discover　2. left　3. inspired　4. designed　5. visiting
6. to journey　7. held　8. fried　9. to retire　10. spent
专题七　名词性从句
考点一　主语从句
1. What　2. whether　3. how　4. whoever　5. Whatever
考点二　宾语从句
1. what　2. whether
考点三　表语从句
1. what　2. why　3. how　4. that　5. what
考点四　同位语从句
1. that　2. that　3. that
专题八　定语从句
考点一　关系代词引导的定语从句
1. which　2. which　3. that/which　4. who　5. that/which
6. as　7. which/that　8. who　9. which　10. whose
11. who/that　12. which　13. which/that　14. who/that　15. that
考点二　关系副词引导的定语从句
1. where　2. where　3. where　4. when　5. where
6. when　7. where　8. where
专题九　并列句与状语从句
并列句
1. and　2. but/yet　3. or　4. but
状语从句
考点一　时间状语从句
1. When/As　2. until　3. As　4. before
考点二　地点状语从句
1. where　2. wherever
考点四　条件状语从句
1. unless　2. If
考点五　让步状语从句
1. although/though　2. However
考点六　目的状语从句和结果状语从句
1. so that　2. so　3. so that
专题十　虚拟语气与特殊句式
考点一　虚拟语气
1. wouldn't be　2. would have had　3. had　4. Were　
5. had told
考点二　倒装句
1. should　2. did　3. lies　4. came
考点三　强调句
1. that　2. that　3. that
考点四　省略句
1. feeding　2. so

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