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江苏省海安高级中学2025-2026学年高一下学期6月月考英语试题
一、阅读理解
The Maya (玛雅人) were good at math. They counted in groups of 20, not 10. They wrote numbers in columns going up. The bottom row was the “1s” column, the next row up was 20s, then 400s, and so on. For digits, they used a dot for 1, a line for 5, and a shell shape to show zero. Numbers 1 to 19 were written with a combination of lines and dots.
The number 1209 (three 400s + no 20s + nine 1s) would look like this: A Maya village might keep a record of the pumpkins they harvested like this:
The Maya also kept three different calendars. The first divided the year into 18 months of 20 days each, plus a short month of 5 days. The short month was believed to be unlucky, a time when spirits walked.
The second calendar repeated every 260 days. This was used to plan celebrations and predict future. This calendar counted 13 months of 20 days each. Each date had its own set of 3 symbols (day, month, and year).
When talking about events long ago, they used a calendar called the “long count.” This covered about 5,125 years. Year 1 on this calendar was 3114 BCE on our calendar.
Each city and village had a calendar keeper, who was in charge of saying when to celebrate holidays and when to expect rain or plant crops. But farmers could probably also tell the time of the year from the sun and stars.
1．How many pumpkins did the Maya village harvest according to Figure 3
A．114. B．409. C．414. D．439.
2．What could the “long count” calendar be used for
A．Marking the unlucky days. B．Recording ancient events.
C．Dividing the year into 18 months. D．Predicting and making future plans.
3．Which learning project would this text be most suitable for
A．Design a travel plan to the Maya ruins
B．Write a report on the Maya agriculture
C．Give a presentation on Maya artistic symbols
D．Make a poster of Maya scientific achievements
When Mia Woods retired at 61, she knew she needed a plan. “I was worried about losing my identity as a professional. What else can I be ” she thought.
The year before, she had been told she had a mild memory problem. “I was trying to show myself that I could still think and be creative,” she says. So she decided to do — rather than be — something new: bake a pie every day for a year and give each pie away. “It made me reach out every day to somebody, so I wouldn’t be alone. And it gave me a routine,” she says.
She baked her first pie and gave it to her 88-year-old aunt, Carol. As a teenager, Mia had moved in with her aunt’s family when her mother became ill. “They gave me stability... It was the perfect first pie,” she says. She went on giving pies to former colleagues, grocery clerks, even a homeless man. As word spread, she got known as “the pie lady”.
For more than 30 years, Mia had worked as a city planner. “I’m a planner by nature, training and profession. What I really liked about it was that planning takes time, chaos, many different components, puts them all together and makes them into something manageable.” She sees the same in baking pies: “You take a bunch of ingredients and create something out of them.”
Twelve years on, Mia has continued to invent new projects, including writing a letter a day, and painting pictures of her local sky. She is writing a book about the pie experience. But she has learned more than baking. “What really came out of it was the understanding that I was someone who could do new things,” she reflects. “And my professional identity wasn’t critical to who I am.”
“Even now, after I have an encounter with somebody, I think: ‘There’s a person I wish I could give a pie to.’” says Mia.
4．What was Mia’s worry when she retired
A．Her serious mental problem. B．Her being cut off from others.
C．Having no identity beyond career. D．Having to change her daily routine.
5．Why did Mia give her first pie to her aunt
A．She had given Mia a home.
B．She had cared for Mia’s mum.
C．She was the oldest in the family.
D．She had built Mia’s stable character.
6．What do city planning and baking pies have in common according to Mia
A．Both require professional training. B．Both make sense of mixed elements.
C．Both create something out of nothing. D．Both connect people with one another.
7．What is Mia’s reflection on her experience
A．Everyone in the world deserves a pie.
B．New challenges redefine who we are.
C．Opening up to changes takes courage.
D．Simple acts can bring people together.
Artificial intelligence is contributing to significant advances in many academic and technical fields. Although the application of AI tools can benefit science and society, it also creates risks.
AI slop — low-quality, inaccurate content from Generative AI like ChatGPT — floods scientific literature with false data and misleading reasoning. AI review tools favour such slop. After ChatGPT’s 2022 release, scientists lacking oversight submit error-ridden papers. AI slop also appears in paper mills (工厂) — companies mass-producing papers; in 2022 alone, 416 mill-produced articles were withdrawn. Though fake (伪造的) research existed before Generative AI, this new technology has facilitated its expansion, driving a transition from individual bad actors to illegal businesses.
Unfortunately, professional journals continue to publish AI slop. This problem arises partially from novel challenges specific to Generative AI, such as the difficulties involved in detecting AI slop; the complexities in enforcing policies that require disclosure (公开) of AI assistance; and the increase in submissions arising from AI assistance. The AI slop trend also results from long-standing failures in the review system. Even before Generative AI, overstretched volunteer reviewers and editors lacked the time and resources to ensure high standards, allowing many low-quality papers to pass. AI-generated and AI-assisted papers are pushing an already overstressed system to the breaking point.
Even the very citations that provide continuity and prior evidence in scientific papers are being undermined by Generative AI. Librarians have reported increasing requests for access to AI-generated citations that do not exist. Many such citations have already entered the academic literature, contributing to the reduction of trust in science. When researchers cite such slop, they pollute the academic world with unreliable or biased analyses, damaging confidence in the entire scientific ecosystem.
What can we do to contain the AI slop in scientific research Researchers who use AI to conduct literature searches should carefully check references for reliability. AI developers and companies bear some responsibility for ensuring that these tools are trained on high-quality research papers and data. For example, scientific institutions can pressure developers to fine-tune their AI models using the most reliable sources and to openly share the results of their safety and accuracy tests with users. This is just the beginning of a long journey.
8．How does the new technology lead to the expansion of fake research
A．It transforms illegal businesses. B．It saves struggling paper mills.
C．It eliminates misleading reasoning. D．It boosts the production of false papers.
9．What can we learn about the academic review system
A．It is overburdened. B．It is underestimated.
C．It is rich in resources. D．It is efficient in checks.
10．What does the underlined word “undermined” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Inspected. B．Ignored. C．Weakened. D．Mixed.
11．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．AI slop should be tackled collectively. B．AI companies should be fined severely.
C．AI tools can be trained on various data. D．AI developers are the root cause of AI slop.
Chinese scientists have developed a new refrigeration method that solves a long-standing challenge in cooling technology. Published in Nature, the study responds to rising energy demands in applications ranging from food preservation to data center cooling.
Traditional vapor-compression systems consume vast amounts of electricity and rely on harmful refrigerants. In China, refrigeration accounts for nearly 20% of the nation’s electricity use and 7.8% of its carbon emissions (碳排放). While solid-state cooling avoids harmful gases, it suffers from poor heat transfer, limiting its real-world application.
Led by Professor Li Bing from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team overcame this by combining solid cooling effects with liquid flow. They used a common, non-toxic salt whose dissolution (溶解) in water absorbs large amounts of heat. Conversely, applying pressure causes the salt to come out and release heat. Cycling this pressure achieves continuous cooling.
“Unlike traditional solid methods, where heat moves slowly, our system integrates the refrigerant and heat-transfer medium into a single liquid,” Li said. “This solves the ‘impossible triangle’ — achieving low pollution, strong cooling, and fast heat transfer all at once.”
Lab tests showed a temperature drop of nearly 30°C in just 20 seconds at room temperature, and up to 54°C at higher temperatures — significantly outperforming existing solid coolers. A prototype cycle achieved a cooling capacity of 67 joules per gram with nearly 77% efficiency. The system also proved stable, reversible, and instantly responsive to pressure changes.
“This technology moves beyond traditional refrigeration principles,” Li added. “By turning the coolant into a fluid, it opens the door to high-performance, zero-emission cooling for homes and industry.”
He noted the method’s strong high-temperature performance makes it an ideal candidate for heat management in next-generation AI computing facilities. While engineering challenges remain, especially in achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles, the principle could be adapted to other materials for diverse cooling needs.
12．What is the main problem with traditional solid-state cooling systems
A．They transfer heat poorly. B．They produce harmful gases.
C．They fail at high temperature. D．They use too much electricity.
13．What is the key innovation of the new cooling method
A．Using salt instead of chemical refrigerants.
B．Increasing pressure inside traditional systems.
C．Replacing pressure cycles with continuous flow.
D．Combining solid cooling with liquid heat transfer.
14．Why does the author mention the “impossible triangle” in the text
A．To highlight the value of the new system.
B．To illustrate the design of the new system.
C．To explain why old systems are still in use.
D．To show the limitations of previous systems.
15．What does Li Bing see as a promising application of the new technology
A．Preserving food in supply chains. B．Replacing traditional home refrigerators.
C．Cooling future AI data centers. D．Achieving rapidly switchable pressure cycles.
There may be times when you may feel that enveloping your message in a generous coat of “nice” will make communication with others better. 16 Sugarcoating your words — whatever your reasons are — not only does not push meaningful relationships forward but may actually endanger otherwise healthy interactions. While, at best, sugarcoating can be an attempt at kindness, at worst, it could be viewed as a form of manipulation — trying to communicate in a way that controls the other person’s experience, instead of allowing them to have their own real reaction.
17 “For many, this pattern began in childhood,” says psychologist Carolyn Hextall. “Love may have felt conditional, and an unconscious decision was made that being pleasing, agreeable, or undemanding was the safest route to acceptance and connection.” 18 You might notice that you would rather validate others, stay quiet or soften your truth because you fear the consequence of voicing your own thoughts.
Opposed to sugarcoating, saltcoating goes in the opposite direction. 19 But often, it crosses the line from being honest to being rude. People who use saltcoating often ignore others’ feelings, speaking their minds without any consideration, which easily leads to misunderstandings and conflicts.
To avoid these, Carolyn suggests stopping using global, absolute statements such as “you always” or “you never”. 20 Instead, be specific in your feedback, and use “I” statements, which clearly communicate your experience without assigning any blame. For example, you might say: “When you said you’d meet me and then canceled, I felt upset and hurt.” This centers your emotional experience, and helps the other person understand the impact of their behavior.
A．Yet in fact, the opposite is preferred.
B．Often, sugarcoating is deeply rooted in people.
C．It can be presented as being straight and direct.
D．These tend to cause defensiveness very quickly.
E．But a nice wrapper does not necessarily make a gift better.
F．In adulthood, this early adaptation can continue to play out.
G．These two approaches are two extremes that are better off avoided.
二、完形填空
I was born in a rural town. The life there was simple yet 21 — unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated.
I felt caged and 22 by the humble houses, the rough roads, and even the endless stretches of cornfields. Even more unacceptably, independence wasn’t exactly 23 there, and I had to follow a beaten path, a life defined by convention. So I 24 — far away to a big city.
City life was really 25 . I threw myself into new experiences — sampling new cafes, visiting galleries and playing AR games... to 26 my hard-won independence. Yet gradually, beneath the city’s restless energy, a huge 27 from not belonging swallowed my heart. The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable, and I needed to go back to my 28 .
Years later, I returned to the place I once 29 . To my surprise, while I had changed, so had my hometown, with small, welcoming 30 everywhere: Tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets. The cornfields, once symbols of all I longed to escape, became spaces for reflection, progress, and finally 31 . Admittedly, I feared being labeled as a “failure” at the city life, yet no such 32 came — only quiet understanding, or, 33 , you could say.
This homecoming, 34 , was not just a return, but a(n) 35 of the soul, empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land.
21．A．stable B．addictive C．rigid D．confusing
22．A．ashamed B．puzzled C．thrilled D．choked
23．A．celebrated B．displayed C．explained D．ruined
24．A．sat around B．showed off C．took flight D．gained ground
25．A．conventional B．fascinating C．complicated D．tolerable
26．A．recover B．enjoy C．advertise D．witness
27．A．emptiness B．guilt C．regret D．concern
28．A．duties B．trips C．roots D．destinations
29．A．recalled B．missed C．chose D．resisted
30．A．qualities B．decorations C．inventions D．transformations
31．A．patience B．growth C．memory D．uniqueness
32．A．belief B．impression C．surprise D．judgment
33．A．empathy B．praise C．promise D．gratitude
34．A．particularly B．secretly C．thankfully D．strangely
35．A．exploration B．appreciation C．description D．refreshment
三、语法填空
36．He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be (destructive) but not defeated”. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37．As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of (extinct) becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet” (所给词的适当形式填空)
38．Saving our planet, lifting people out of (poor), advancing economic growth… these are one and the same fight. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39．Goldshore Beach was the only local beach (survive) the disaster without any loss of life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．With (please), I remember the lazy Sunday afternoon I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma’s flat. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. （用适当的词填空）
42．Then the music gets (drama) with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．The music is light and pleasant, as if (whisper) to the audience. （所给词的适当形式填空）
四、完成句子
44．Now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an ______ light! （根据句意填空）
五、语法填空
45．You can have food (deliver) to you using food delivery apps and sites. （所给词的适当形式填空）
46．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. (用适当的词填空)
47．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the (deadly) diseases in human history. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48．Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the (wise) of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49． I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours.（用适当的词填空）
50．In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our (ignore) and leave room for doubt. (所给词的适当形式填空)
六、书信写作
51．假定你是李华。你的外国笔友 Mark 在邮件中说，学校摄影比赛中有幅作品因使用AI技术生成而被取消参评资格。请你回复邮件谈谈你对这一事件的看法及理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
Thanks for sharing the disqualified photo case with me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Li Hua
七、书面表达
52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eddie valued his family’s accordion (手风琴) — a treasure passed down from his grandfather to his father, representing his Mexican-American family’s Tejano music tradition. Raised in San Antonio neighborhood filled with Tejano rhythms, Eddie learned the instrument from his father and formed the band Las Estrellas (“The Stars”) with childhood friends: Luis on drums and Ruben on guitar.
Each day, Eddie hurried to Luis’s house for practice, struggling with the heavy accordion case while worrying about Ruben. Though a gifted guitarist who picked up songs quickly and loved playing with the band, Ruben hated practicing alone. He was always late, and his lack of solo (单独的) practice led to constant mistakes — a growing problem for the trio (三重奏).
Their lives changed when Luis handed Eddie an envelope from the Tejano Festival: an invitation to perform in just two months. The boys celebrated wildly, but Eddie’s joy was mixed with anxiety, hoping the opportunity would motivate Ruben to practice. That night, Eddie shared the news with his family. His father, a former festival winner, presented a trophy (奖杯) with “First Place” written on it and encouraged him, “You belong there and will shine.” Eddie admitted his worry about Ruben, who was too talented and dear a friend to replace. His father advised, “Find out why he won’t practice alone and help him.”
At their next practice, Ruben messed up the festival song at the very beginning. He claimed sore fingers from building a hut (简陋的小屋), but Luis accused him of skipping practice. Ruben got annoyed, and Eddie was angry. Following his father’s advice, Eddie asked Ruben why he didn’t play at home as he should. Ruben admitted, “My guitar sounds lonely alone, and I can’t focus.”
Upon learning where Ruben’s problem lay, Eddie decided to take immediate action to make practice fun for Ruben. On the way to Luis’s, Eddie came up with a plan: practice together at Ruben’s house daily. Luis agreed and they ordered Ruben’s favorite pizza for a surprise.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With pizza in hand, Eddie and Luis arrived at Ruben’s door.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally the big day came.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C 2．B 3．D
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B
8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A
12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C
16．E 17．B 18．F 19．C 20．D
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D
36．destroyed
37．extinction
38．poverty
39．to survive
40．pleasure
41．whose
42．dramatic
43．whispering
44．unbearable
45．delivered
46．that
47．deadliest
48．wisdom
49．What
50．ignorance
51．Dear Mark,
Thanks for sharing the disqualified photo case with me. In my view, disqualifying the AI-generated photo is both reasonable and necessary.
Photography, as an art form, embodies the photographer’s painstaking efforts in composition, lighting adjustment, and on-site shooting, capturing the essence of a real-world moment. AI-generated images, despite their visual appeal, lack the human touch, the emotional resonance, and the genuine creative process that traditional photography offers.
Allowing such works in a competition would undermine the hard work of sincere participants and distort the very nature of the contest. Thus, this decision upholds the fairness and integrity of the photography competition.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
52．参考范文
With pizza in hand, Eddie and Luis arrived at Ruben’s door. Ruben’s eyes widened in surprise when he opened the door, and his annoyance from the earlier argument melted away instantly. As they sat on the floor of his room, pizza boxes spread out, Eddie said, “We’re a band. We don’t practice alone — we practice together.” For the next two months, they showed up at Ruben’s house every afternoon. They laughed through mistakes, adjusted the song to highlight Ruben’s guitar skills, and turned practice into a joyful time. Ruben no longer felt lonely, and his playing became precise and full of passion.
Finally the big day came. The three boys stepped onto the stage, Eddie’s accordion glinting under the lights. When the first note rang out, they played in perfect harmony, Ruben’s solo shining brighter than ever. The audience cheered wildly as the final note faded. They didn’t just win the first prize that day — they learned that the best music, like the truest friendship, is never played alone.

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