资源简介

专题03 阅读理解（议论文）
主题01 人与自我——做人与做事
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Contemporary discourse on “appearance anxiety” often reductively attributes it to social media exposure. However, a deeper interdisciplinary analysis reveals this phenomenon as a complex interplay of neurodevelopmental vulnerability, evolved social cognition, and hyper-commercialized visual culture. Adolescence is marked by significant prefrontal cortex maturation, a region governing self-evaluation and impulse control, concurrently with heightened sensitivity in the limbic system’s social pain networks. This neurobiological mismatch renders teenagers acutely susceptible to perceived social evaluation, including aesthetic judgment.
From an evolutionary psychology perspective, attention to appearance is not inherently pathological; it stems from hardwired mechanisms for assessing health, fertility, and social status within groups. The modern distortion lies in the industrialization of this instinct. A 2024 meta-analysis in JAMA Pediatrics correlates the rise in dysmorphic concern not merely with screen time, but specifically with algorithmic platforms that create homogenized, digitally altered “beauty templates” and facilitate constant social comparison with curated, often unattainable, peer imagery. This constitutes a perpetual, quantified social ranking system operating at an unprecedented scale and intensity.
The consequences extend beyond transient distress. Chronic appearance-based self-criticism can lead to a cognitive habit of “self-objectification,” where individuals, particularly females, internalize an observer’s perspective on their own bodies. This persistent surveillance diverts finite cognitive resources — a process termed “ego depletion” — undermining performance on tasks requiring focused attention, such as academic work or complex problem-solving. Longitudinal data further links severe appearance anxiety to altered risk-reward calculations, increasing susceptibility to risky cosmetic procedures and disordered eating as maladaptive coping strategies.
Mitigating this issue requires moving beyond simplistic “digital detox” prescriptions. Effective interventions must be tiered: fostering critical media literacy to deconstruct idealized imagery; promoting embodiment practices that shift focus from appearance to physical functionality and internal sensation; and systematically restructuring social environments — beginning with schools and families — to value and reward attributes like curiosity, kindness, and mastery over aesthetic conformity.
1．What does the passage suggest is a deeper cause of appearance anxiety beyond social media
A．A simple lack of parental supervision and guidance during teenage years.
B．A temporary phase of hormonal imbalance that resolutions naturally with age.
C．A neurodevelopmental mismatch coupled with the industrialization of evolved instincts.
D．A deliberate marketing strategy by fashion corporations to increase clothing sales.
2．According to the 2024 meta-analysis, what specific aspect of digital platforms is most correlated with dysmorphic concern
A．The total amount of time spent on any screen-based activity.
B．The use of algorithms that promote uniform beauty standards and foster social comparison.
C．The exposure to anonymous negative comments and cyberbullying from strangers.
D．The bright blue light emission that disrupts circadian rhythms and mood regulation.
3．The term “ego depletion” in the passage refers to which resulting problem
A．The physical exhaustion resulting from excessive exercise aimed at changing one’s body.
B．The financial burden caused by spending too much money on beauty products and treatments.
C．The diversion of mental resources away from tasks requiring concentration, harming performance.
D．The loss of personal identity and individuality through blind imitation of online influencers.
4．Which approach is NOT mentioned by the author as a recommended tiered intervention
A．Developing skills to critically analyze and understand media content.
B．Encouraging practices that connect individuals with bodily feelings beyond looks.
C．Creating environments that appreciate non-aesthetic qualities like kindness and curiosity.
D．Implementing government regulations to ban all digitally altered advertisements.
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·湖北武汉·期末）The “hedgehog (刺猬) dilemma” is a famous metaphor from German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. In his 1851 book, he described how humans struggle with relationships through a story about hedgehogs. His advice was simple: keep your distance.
This sad story became widely discussed. Sigmund Freud and modern scientists studied this idea. In 2015, an award-winning short film called Hedgehog retold this story.
How does this apply to real life Most people remember being hurt by close relationships – broken friendships, family conflicts, or romantic betrayals. Since these connections matter deeply, their damage hurts more. Should we stop trusting others Schopenhauer said yes, but science would say otherwise.
A study in PLOS Medicine reviewing 148 studies with over 300,000 people found those with strong social connections live 50% longer. The National Institute on Aging warns that loneliness harms health as much as smoking 15 cigarettes daily – making Schopenhauer’s advice concerning.
When hurt repeatedly, people often fall into defense mode. Relationship expert Hilary Sanders explains common defense behaviors: going silent during arguments, seeing normal comments as criticism, or overreacting to small issues. These reactions often start in childhood. If parents often criticized or classmates bullied someone, they might develop habits like pretending not to care or getting angry easily. While these helped survive childhood pain, they cause problems in adult relationships when used unconsciously.
The good news is people can change. Through therapy, many learn to recognize their defense patterns and understand their origins. Couples can improve relationships by learning each other’s emotional triggers and responding thoughtfully instead of arguing. However, Sanders warns that defenses shouldn’t be removed suddenly — it’s like taking down a wall brick by brick.
Although Schopenhauer focused on the pain of closeness, the hedgehog story actually shows our deep need for connection. Unlike real hedgehogs, humans aren’t born with physical spines. By carefully lowering our defenses around trustworthy people, we might truly enjoy both warmth and safety in relationships.
5．Why does the author mention the hedgehog dilemma in paragraph 1
A．To stress its importance. B．To support Schopenhauer’s advice.
C．To recommend Schopenhauer’s book. D．To introduce the theme of relationship.
6．What is Schopenhauer’s key solution to the “hedgehog dilemma”
A．Ignore pain. B．Seek therapy.
C．Avoid closeness. D．Build walls.
7．What major evidence goes against Schopenhauer’s advice
A．Freud’s studies. B．Long life from social ties.
C．Henry’s short film. D．Defense behavior of people.
8．What does Sanders say about close connection
A．People should make gradual progress in it.
B．Humans can benefit from it unconsciously.
C．It can help children relieve childhood pain.
D．Couples should learn to defend it thoughtfully.
主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·北京房山·期末）“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere.” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described.
Welcome to the world of AI image generation (生成), where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts. But closer examination shows strangeness. The face of the woman in my image has very strange features, and appears to be holding various books. And, while I did feel excited at seeing an image appear, I didn’t have any creative satisfaction.
AI image generation could impact everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Basically, art is translating what you feel inside into something that exists outside. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process.
Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that purposely copy the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is adding emotion and details into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy.
The increasing use of AI will also lead to devaluation of the work of artists. People may think that their AI-generated “work” is as acceptable as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s wrong, of course. The skills, effort, and vision of human artists shouldn’t be ignored. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but it cannot compare with the work of professional photographers.
1．The author mentioned Deep Dream Generator to ______.
A．introduce the topic of AI image generation B．share the author’s personal experience
C．promote the latest AI image generator D．describe the author’s dream device
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．AI image generation lacks the true creative process of human art.
B．AI image generators are unable to fulfill the complex prompts.
C．Children’s illustrators are eager to adopt AI image generation.
D．Human emotional input can be added in AI image generation.
3．What does the word “devaluation” underlined in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Improvement in quality. B．Decrease in worth.
C．Drop in creativity. D．Change in style.
4．What is the author’s attitude towards AI image generation
A．Satisfied. B．Worried. C．Optimistic. D．Puzzled.
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）Expecting the worst to avoid feeling bad later is known as “bracing”. It may help them prepare for emotionally challenging situations, particularly in the moments before these situations occur. People brace for the worst while awaiting potentially negative outcomes. Someone might also brace for the worst in anticipation of stressful events like giving a presentation at work.
Some psychological theories suggest that bracing should help. For example, “decision affect theory” proposes that how we feel about a situation is determined partly by comparing what actually happened with what could have happened. Based on this, people should be happy when an event goes beyond their expectations, and disappointed when an event falls behind. Therefore, by anticipating the worst, one can safeguard themselves against future disappointment, as any result is likely to surpass their expectations.
Other psychological theories, nevertheless, undermine the idea that bracing will be helpful. It has been theorized and scientifically established that expectations can powerfully influence reality. There are two key ways that expectations can shape reality.
First, people may behave in ways that fit with their expectations. If you expect to fail an upcoming test or interview, then you might not invest efforts in preparation, which in turn reduces your chances of doing well. Second, people may interpret a situation in line with their expectations. Imagine you believe you are insufficiently qualified for a job you’ve applied for. During the job interview, you’re likely to interpret blank expressions from the interviewer in line with this belief, which could negatively affect your performance. In fact, the interviewer did not want to give anything away.
Drawing together the scientific studies, it seems that expecting the worst is anything but a wise way to prepare for upcoming news or results. It might be more sensible to hold positive expectations than to brace for the worst.
5．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The logic of preparing for the worst.
B．The theory of comparing past and future.
C．The conflict between people’s expectation and reality.
D．The emotions hidden behind anticipating the worst.
6．What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Strengthen. B．Propose.
C．Weaken. D．Justify.
7．How can negative expectations probably affect people’s performance in reality
A．By reducing people’s chances of doing well.
B．By stimulating people’s ambition and motivation.
C．By giving weight to people’s potential of excellence.
D．By causing less preparation and some misinterpretations.
8．Which would the author most likely agree with regarding “bracing for the worst”
A．It fully guarantees people a positive emotional experience.
B．It may bring more drawbacks than benefits in practice.
C．It is a universal solution for handling difficult situations.
D．It has no impact on how people view real-life events.
主题03 人与自然——环境
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·河北邯郸·期末）We live in a culture addicted to immediacy. We’re flooded with quick fixes-diet pills for rapid weight loss, fitness programs claiming “two-week body changes”, and language apps promising fluency through “10-minute daily lessons”. This addiction badly affects our view of real progress.
True achievement, however, follows a different pattern. The saying “no pain, no gain” holds timeless wisdom: real success requires continuous effort. Ironically (讽刺的是), while we admire stories of perseverance — leaders overcoming failures, athletes recovering from severe injuries, we seek easy shortcuts ourselves. Actually, our belief in effortless change is a thief, stealing the essential process where struggles build strength.
Nature shows how growth truly works. Significant changes occur through patient preparation, not rushed shortcuts. Consider bamboo. Hidden underground for years, it develops a strong but invisible root system. Only after this hidden labor does it shoot up rapidly. gaining nearly a meter in height daily. Similarly, a caterpillar (毛毛虫) completely breaks down into nutrient-rich liquid within its chrysalis (蝶蛹) before becoming into a butterfly with strong wings. These natural processes tell a rule that true progress comes from unseen work, not sudden jumps.
Human efforts to rush natural processes often backfire. Forcing open a chrysalis to “help” the butterfly leaves its wings weak, as it skips key growth stages. Likewise, demanding instant results in skill development or emotional healing ruins the gradual brain changes and necessary mental adjustments. Even cherry flowers need months of winter rest to store energy—a reality often ignored in our rush for immediate beauty.
Lasting change respects natural timelines rather than forcing strict deadlines. Skill mastery needs repeated practice to strengthen brain connections. Language fluency develops after thousands of practice hours, not through last-minute studying. By valuing hidden efforts over instant results, we hold the basic truth. When impatience pushes us toward quick fixes, let nature act as a reminder that greatness begins in silence before blooming into view.
1．What does the author think of people’s attitudes to success
A．They admire hard work but seek easy paths. B．They trust technology over personal growth.
C．They praise others’ efforts and make their own. D．They favor short-term risks over long-term goals.
2．What can be learned about bamboo’s growth in Paragraph 3
A．It competes with other plants. B．It grows unseen roots first.
C．It depends on outside support. D．It adapts to climate extremes.
3．What does the underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Quicken processes. B．Require more efforts.
C．Succeed unexpectedly. D．Produce opposite results.
4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Technology encourages skill mastery. B．Natural timelines ensure true growth.
C．Strict schedules improve effectiveness. D．Nature requires no human assistance.
主题01 人与自我——做人与做事
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·安徽合肥·期末）While sending gifts, we naturally make choices based on the receiver. But what if we have been wrong all along and that we could turn things around, which not only made gift buying easier, but the receiver happier
In 2015, a psychologist Lauren Human did an online survey which suggested that when buying gifts, people preferred to choose something based on the receiver’s personality and tastes. Most people also said they preferred receiving gifts bought with them in mind: gifts for them.
But Human wondered if this method of giving failed to take advantage of the way we connect as people. So he sent 78 volunteers into a shopping centre before Mother’s Day. Half were told to buy a card that “shows your knowledge of the receiver” while the others bought a card that “shows your true self”. After shopping, the givers who had thought partly of themselves reported feeling closer to their mothers.
To study how the method is received by receivers, he did another test, asking 100 students to choose a song to a friend, partner or family member. Each half of the group followed the same instructions as the card buyers. Results suggested that the receivers of songs which showed something of the givers felt closer to them than those who received gifts bought only with them in mind.
Human suggests it might apply to all gifts. “If building stronger social connections is the goal” of a gift and surely it should be — then we “may well be advised to offer gifts showing ourselves more”. In short, for a present to be meaningful, you need to give away a bit of yourself, even if there is a risk that the gift might not so closely satisfy the receiver’s practical needs or tastes as one gift gained simply with that in mind. Moreover, giving something of oneself can be a safer act because it decreases the risk of showing poor knowledge of a receiver by trying to buy something that fits their character and failing.
9．What was the main finding of Lauren Human’s online survey in 2015
A．People prefer giving gifts based on their own tastes.
B．Most people choose gifts that reflect the receiver’s personality.
C．Receivers dislike gifts that show the giver’s true self.
D．Gifts bought for special occasions are more meaningful.
10．What can we learn from the Mother’s Day card test
A．Most people choose gifts with the receiver in mind.
B．Most people choose gifts based on their personal tastes.
C．Gifts chosen with the giver in mind work well on the giver.
D．Gifts chosen with the receiver in mind work well on the receiver.
11．What matters most in gift giving according to the text
A．Making the giver’s life happier.
B．Meeting the receiver’s practical needs.
C．Showing one’s knowledge of the receiver.
D．Building and strengthening social connections.
12．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．The Art of Choosing Perfect Gifts
B．The Psychology Behind Perfect Gift Selection
C．Why Self-Reflective Gifts Strengthen Bonds
D．How to Avoid Gift-Giving Mistakes
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末）It’s rare that researchers question theories that make up the backbone of whole fields. But in Evolution Evolving, Kevin Lala and four other evolutionary biologists do just that.
Their philosophically informed discussion challenges the textbook version of evolutionary theory, the natural selection of DNA mutations(突变), which arise at random. Lala and colleagues argue that how an organism develops also plays a central part in evolution. They have been advocating this extended evolutionary theory for more than a decade, adding depth to evolutionary theorizing.
The authors explain how development — influenced by the conditions in which organisms live — drives how an organism looks, behaves and evolves. To demonstrate this, they give the example of the Mexican tetra fish Astyanax mexicanus.
Some populations of Astyanax mexicanus are blind cave fish living in darkness. Others, genetically distinct, consist of sighted, surface dwellers(栖身者). If the surface-dwelling fish are kept in total darkness for two years, they develop traits similar to those of the blind cave fish, including a better ability to store fat — beneficial in a dark environment, where the next meal is hard to come by. The stress of darkness seems to activate sets of genes that change the fishes’ development.
New traits do not arise at random. Some are more likely than others. Understanding such “developmental biases” can enable researchers to better understand how traits originate and what directions future evolution might take. As the authors put it, “evolution must proceed where development leads.”
Another aspect of evolution often ignored or downplayed by traditional evolutionists is the passing down of traits through generations in ways that do not involve variations in DNA structure. Furthermore, some organisms construct environments to benefit the development of following generations. Dung beetles, for instance, make balls of cow waste, into which they add their own waste as food, and lay a single egg. The nutrients and microbes in these balls influence how the young develop, and in turn the sizes and shapes of the beetles and how they evolve.
In my opinion, this is a fundamental shift in thinking. Rather than just studying which traits are selected, evolutionary researchers also need to establish the developmental construction and inheritance of these traits.
13．Why is the Mexican tetra fish talked about
A．To criticize the limitations of evolution theory.
B．To explain how DNA mutations occur randomly.
C．To provide evidence for developmental choices.
D．To compare blind cave fish and surface-dwelling fish.
14．How do Duang Beetles evolve
A．By selecting specific traits via natural selection.
B．By varying their DNA through added microbes.
C．By passing down mutated genes in cow waste.
D．By constructing nutrient-rich environments.
15．What should future evolutionary research focus on
A．Clarifying the development of non-genetic traits.
B．Identifying more random DNA mutations.
C．Providing traditional theories experiments.
D．Studying what traits are selected in evolution.
16．What is the article mainly about
A．Non-DNA inheritance plays a significant role in evolution.
B．Random DNA mutations remain the only drivers of evolution.
C．Traditional evolutionary theory should be replaced.
D．The Mexican tetra fish is the result of natural selection.
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·福建福州·期末）In modern society, the concept of beauty is often a topic of heated discussion. From fashion magazines filled with images of models with flawless skin and perfect figures to the countless beauty-related products on the market, external beauty seems to be highly emphasized. However, a closer look reveals that true beauty involves more than just what meets the eye.
In ancient Greek philosophy, beauty was considered a virtue. The Greeks believed that a person’s inner qualities should match their outward appearance. Socrates, a wise philosopher, was an example of this. Despite his plain looks, he was highly respected for his wisdom, courage, and noble character. His teachings often focused on the contradictions between inner and outer beauty, reminding his followers that true value lies within.
Christianity, to some extent, changed the perception of beauty. It placed moral virtue at the center, making beauty seem more like a shallow temptation. This led to a separation between inner and outer beauty in people’s minds, with inner beauty associated with moral qualities and outer beauty seen as more about physical appearance.
In our daily lives, we can observe the differences between inner and outer beauty. A person with a beautiful face may not necessarily have a kind heart. For instance, someone who is always well-dressed and physically attractive but is arrogant and unkind in conversations will quickly lose their charm in others’ eyes. On the other hand, a person with a warm smile, a kind word, and a helpful nature is often regarded as beautiful, regardless of their physical features.
Inner beauty, such as kindness, compassion, and intelligence, is enduring. It is not affected by age or external factors. A kind-hearted person will always be remembered and admired for their good deeds, while physical beauty fades over time. Moreover, inner beauty can also influence a person’s external appearance. A positive and optimistic attitude can make a person glow from within, adding a unique charm to their look.
However, this doesn’t mean that external beauty is completely unimportant. Maintaining a neat appearance, dressing appropriately, and taking care of one’s health can boost self- confidence and make a good first impression. But it should be balanced with the cultivation of inner beauty.
17．According to the passage, in ancient Greek philosophy, what was the relationship between inner and outer beauty
A．Inner beauty was more important than outer beauty.
B．Outer beauty was more emphasized than inner beauty.
C．Inner and outer beauty were expected to match.
D．There was no connection between inner and outer beauty.
18．What impact did Christianity have on the perception of beauty
A．It made beauty more important in people’s lives.
B．It separated inner beauty from outer beauty and made beauty seem like a shallow temptation.
C．It emphasized the unity of inner and outer beauty.
D．It had no significant impact on the understanding of beauty.
19．What does the example of a well- dressed but arrogant person illustrate
A．Inner beauty is necessary to maintain one’s charm.
B．External beauty is the most important factor.
C．Arrogance is a sign of inner beauty.
D．Good physical appearance can cover up bad qualities.
20．What is the author’s attitude towards the relationship between inner and outer beauty
A．Only inner beauty matters, and outer beauty can be ignored.
B．Outer beauty is much more important than inner beauty.
C．Both inner and outer beauty are important and should be balanced.
D．Inner beauty and outer beauty are completely unrelated.
Passage 4
（24-25高一下·河南商丘·期末）Walking around most large cities in Europe and the United States, you may find it easy and cheap to get shared bikes and cars ready to use with a tap on your phone — unless you are older, have a disability, lack a smartphone or credit card, or live in a poorer neighborhood. These services usually appear in richer areas and often can’t handle wheelchairs or child seats. As a result, most riders are young, able-bodied, well-off, and male.
Shared mobility could be a key part of a more sustainable (可持续的) transportation system. If shared mobility could work for everyone, it might cut city traffic by as much as 90 percent and reduce transport emissions (排放) by half. But today, private cars still cover 61 percent of all travel in the Global North. To move more people away from private cars to shared ones is an important first step, because a lot of people are left out today.
A 2019 study of 10 US cities, for example, showed that a fifth of low-income Americans still don’t have a smartphone and almost a quarter don’t have a bank account — both necessary for using most shared mobility services. A 2017 survey in Philadelphia, Chicago and Brooklyn showed that low-income people are just as interested in bikesharing as other groups, but less likely to use such a system: While 10 percent of higher-income people were members of a bikeshare system, only two percent of lower-income people were.
How can we bridge the accessibility gap In several US cities, low-income subsidy (补贴) programs have increased bikeshare use among underserved groups. In Buffalo, New York, an organization launched an “E-Bike Library” using 3,000 e-bikes retired by a private company. 71 percent of its members tried e-bikes for the first time, and 84 percent were low-income people.
Simple fixes can make a big difference. When mobility providers include diverse voices in planning and care more about users’ needs, they build services that work for everyone. In that case, shared mobility can become truly fair, green, and effective.
21．What does the author intend to point out in paragraph 1
A．Kids should respect wheelchair users. B．People are glued to their mobile phones.
C．Access to shared mobility is unequal. D．It’s hard to find a shared car in the US.
22．What percentage of all travel in the Global North do private cars account for
A．50%. B．61%. C．75%. D．90%.
23．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The challenges facing shared mobility. B．A significant increase in people’s income.
C．The downside of the bikeshare service. D．A change in personal preference for bikes.
24．What does the author expect mobility providers to do
A．Fix broken bikes in time. B．Put more effort into e-cars.
C．Voice their views on travel. D．Meet customers’ real needs.
主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·陕西咸阳·期末）When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as me re entertainment (娱乐), but certainly not an education priority (优先). This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.
Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.
Music provides a kind of perception (感知) that cannot be acquired in any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotional meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all. The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, and our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.
Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love. So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.
9．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To share a student’s experience. B．To lead into the topic.
C．To describe a new study. D．To introduce some ways of entertainment.
10．In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz as an example to ______.
A．compare it with rock music B．introduce American musical traditions
C．show music reflects a society D．prove music is as useful as other subjects
11．What do we know about the arts and science according to the passage
A．They explain what it means to be human differently.
B．They explore different phenomena of the world.
C．They express people’s feelings in different ways.
D．They approach the world from different points of view.
12．What is the author’s attitude to the influence of music education on students
A．Unknown. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Doubtful.
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·山东济南·期末）Artificial intelligence (AI) is putting itself into our daily lives, from the moment we unlock our phones with facial recognition to the recommendations that guide our music playlists or online shopping. Understanding how this powerful technology will change our daily activities and experiences is significant. But that isn’t the whole picture. We also need to pay close attention to how we build and shape AI itself, and what that process shows us about ourselves.
Every AI system we create functions as a mirror, clearly reflecting our values and views. Consider hiring algorithms (算法). In 2018, a large USA firm gave up an AI-powered hiring tool after discovering it was one-sided against female applicants. The AI wasn’t programmed to differentiate, but it was trained on historical hiring data that favored men, and it learned to reproduce these models. The use of AI systems in the police area, healthcare, and education reveals similar patterns. In all these cases, AI isn’t creating new unfair opinions. Instead, it is reflecting existing ones.
As long as AI is trained on human data, it will reflect human behavior. That means we have to think carefully about the traces of ourselves we leave in the world. I may claim to value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat to access a website, the algorithms may make a very different judgement of what I really want and what is good for me. If I claim to want meaningful human connections yet spend more time on social media and less time in the physical company of my friends, I am training AI models about the true nature of humanity. AI not only reveals problems within the systems, but also clearly shows people’s inner struggles. As AI grows stronger, we must try harder to make sure our actions follow our principles.
As we continue to integrate (融合) AI into our lives, we must recognize that these systems don’t just predict our behavior; they reflect our character. Reflecting on that reflection allows us to make better, more principled choices, but only if we’re willing to look closely and take responsibility for what we see.
13．What does “the whole picture” mean in Paragraph 1
A．The process of building and shaping AI. B．The takeover of AI in our everyday life.
C．The dilemma of AI in decision-making. D．The interplay between AI and humans.
14．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning hiring algorithms
A．To support an argument. B．To state a phenomenon.
C．To showcase a practice. D．To oppose an opinion.
15．What does the author advise us to do
A．Hide emotional struggles. B．Delete historical database.
C．Suit the action to the word. D．Avoid AI in sensitive areas.
16．What does the underlined part “that reflection” in the last paragraph refer to
A．AI melts into our lives. B．AI mirrors our mindset.
C．We make wise choices. D．We remain responsible.
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）If you’re digitally skilled, it has likely been a while since you spent much time writing by hand. The laborious process of outlining our thoughts, letter by letter, on the page is becoming a thing of the past in our screen-dominated world, where text messages-and-thumb-typed grocery lists have replaced handwritten letters and sticky notes. To keep up, many schools are introducing computers as early as preschool, meaning some kids may learn the basics of typing before writing by hand. Although electronic keyboards offer obvious efficiency benefits, giving up handwriting may come at a significant cost.
Typing pays no attention to the form of the letters — only involving relatively simple and uniform movements. By contrast, handwriting is a complex task. Motor system has to finely adjust the pressure that each finger applies on the pen to recreate each letter. Adding to the complexity, your visual system must continuously process that letter as it’s formed, with your brain making adjustments to fingers in real time to create the letters’ shapes “This process lets you make your body and what you are seeing mesh (匹配),” says Robert Wiley, a cognitive (认知的) psychologist at the Un versity of North Carolina, adding “such complexity is vital to mental development.”
Screens and keyboards replacing pen and paper might affect kids’ ability to learn letters, which is actually an important predictor of later reading and math achievement. If young children are not receiving any handwriting training, their brains simply won’t reach their full potential. For adults, typing often results in failing to actually process information. During a lecture, it’s possible to type what they’re hearing word for word. But often, they’re just typing blindly, failing to make information their own. On the other hand, taking notes by hand forces them to write only key words and use drawings or arrows to work through Ideas.
Actually, we don’t have to drop digital tools, like graphics tablets and smart pens, to take advantage of the power of handwriting. Recent research suggests that writing on a screen activates the same brain pathways as writing on paper. It’s the movement that counts, not its final form.
17．What does the author mainly convey in paragraph 1
A．Abandoning handwriting is unwise. B．Handwritten communication is out of date.
C．Digital literacy is ignored nowadays. D．Computer courses are unusual in preschools.
18．Why is handwriting considered a complex task
A．It demands high creativity in designing each letter.
B．It involves precise finger pressure and visual adjustment.
C．It relies entirely on visual processing to shape the letters.
D．It requires consistent pressure from the fingers to form letters.
19．What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A．Blind typing contributes to brain development.
B．Kids have a preference for screens and keyboards.
C．Handwritten markers are good for getting ideas linked.
D．Adults have the ability to memorize complex information.
20．What is the author’s attitude towards using digital pens
A．Cautious. B．Unconcerned. C．Critical. D．Favourable.
Passage 4
（24-25高一下·浙江宁波·期末）Imagine waking up one morning to find your smartphone missing. You can no longer get guided to work, order your coffee, or connect with friends. For most of us, it is a nightmare (噩梦). But it should not be exactly far-fetched.
Despite being more digitally connected than ever, we are lonelier and more anxious. Anxiety rates increased by 25% globally. Depression now affects over 280 million people worldwide. All of this is due to our growing dependence on social media and smart technologies designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep, meaningful engagement, which may further cause our loss of something easy to be ignored.
Though these conveniences offer short-term relief, they may weaken our thinking skills. For example, GPS has undoubtedly changed how we travel. But a 2020 study found that frequent GPS users struggle more with self-guided navigation (航行). Over time, those who depended more on GPS showed a sharp loss in special memory and problem-solving skills. However, reducing dependence on these conveniences can lead to discomfort. In seeking comfort today, we might be trading away some discomfort.
That is the problem: the very discomfort we avoid is often what strengthens us. Viewing stress, a kind of discomfort, as a challenge rather than a threat leads to better results. Research shows that mild stress can improve adaptability (适应性). Neuroscience (神经科学) shows that neuroplasticity — the brain’s ability to form new connections — is improved through challenging experiences. This adaptability is important for developing resilience (抗逆力), a process fueled by both mental challenges and active effort.
But this doesn’t mean we should reject comfort entirely; it’s to balance it with intentional discomfort. Think of it as “microdosing hardship” — a series of small, manageable difficulties that keep our mental and emotional muscles strong, such as writing with a pen, or washing dishes by hand. These small acts are enough to reawaken the resilience we’ve buried under layers of ease. So, the next time you feel the pull of ease, pause. Ask yourself: Is this momentary comfort helping me grow or is it keeping me stuck Choosing discomfort isn’t easy, but sometimes, it’s worth it.
21．What does the underlined word “far-fetched” in Paragraph I probably mean
A．Possible to change. B．Certain to function.
C．Unlikely to be settled. D．Unable to be accepted.
22．What may digital conveniences cause according to the text
A．The meaningful engagement. B．The fast but worthless relief.
C．The lack of necessary comfort. D．The loss of thinking ability.
23．Which is a real-life application of “microdosing hardship”
A．Taking the stairs instead of the lift. B．Ordering take-out food after work.
C．Writing an email using voice-to-text. D．Exploring a new city by using GPS.
24．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．GPS: the invisible (隐形的) cost of convenience.
B．Stress: the main cause of brain damage.
C．Discomfort: a hidden source of resilience.
D．Smartphones: barriers (障碍) to human progress.
主题03 人与自然——环境
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·江苏南京·期末）Animal testing refers to the use of animals in scientific experiments. Primarily, animals are used in research experiments to test disease treatments to ensure the safety of new medical treatments. Though animals are viewed as essential by many scientists, we should try to avoid using animals in experiments if possible.
Advocates of animal testing argue that animals offer scientists opportunities to address health problems when it is immorally acceptable or impractical to study and experiment on humans. Animals chosen for research are often biologically similar to humans and are therefore useful case studies for scientists to study the symptoms of diseases and the effectiveness of the treatments developed. Scientists rely heavily on animal models to find the cure for “unprecedented” diseases. In the development of the corona virus vaccine (疫苗), multiple animals were used as models, such as ferrets that display similar symptoms as humans when infected with the virus. These animals are crucial for scientists to study the symptoms of the virus and evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccines developed before they are tested on humans. As such, the use of animals in research experiments does enhance the efficiency of scientists’ search for the cure and minimizes the associated risks of applying newly developed drugs to humans.
However, not all research experiments involving animals are effective. Although some animals display characteristics similar to humans, animals and humans are different species and therefore, it is impossible to recreate human conditions on research animals. Research data has shown that animal studies fail to predict real human outcomes in 50 to 99.7 percent of cases. This is because the species tested are often artificially induced (诱导) with medical conditions unique to humans. As a result, nine in ten drugs developed using animal testing suffer from failure. Considering the high cost of animal testing, as well as the pain and suffering animals have to go through during the procedure, animal testing is hardly a cost-effective way of research. Sometimes, such research experiments produce nothing but the killing of innocent animals. Therefore, the use of animals in scientific experiments should be minimized and carried out only when necessary.
5．Why are animals used in scientific experiments
A．Because many scientists consider them as necessary.
B．Because animals share biological similarities with humans.
C．Because they can ensure the safety of new medical treatments.
D．Because animals offer scientists opportunities to solve problems.
6．Why are “ferrets” mentioned in paragraph two
A．To remind humans should be grateful to animals.
B．To indicate animals made great contributions to humans.
C．To prove animals are widely used in research experiments.
D．To illustrate animal trials can contribute to medical advances.
7．How does the author argue against animal testing
A．By listing figures. B．By giving examples.
C．By analyzing cause and effect. D．By making comparisons.
8．What is the author’s primary argument
A．Animal testing should be avoided because of its high cost.
B．Despite its contributions, animal testing should be minimized.
C．Animal testing should be banned immediately due to its cruelty.
D．Considering its effectiveness, animal testing should be promoted .
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·江苏宿迁·期末）Is your green my green Probably not. What appears as pure green to me is likely to look a bit yellowish or bluish to you. Moreover, an object’s color may appear differently against different backgrounds or under different lighting. It might naturally lead you to think colors are relative to observers and viewing conditions, and so nothing has a true color. But perceptual variation is misleading. We argue in the book The Metaphysics of Colors that colors are as objective as temperature.
People’s choices vary significantly when asked to pick the “unique green” from a selection of color chips. A gray object appears darker against a lighter background than a darker one, and a red apple might look green or blue under different lighting. These facts don’t negate the objectivity of colors. An apple’s redness remains unchanged even if it appears differently under certain conditions. In other words, the properties of an object are independent of how they appear to you.
To determine an object’s color, place it beside another object under the same lighting and background conditions. If no differences are detected by observers, the colors are considered the same. This ability to match colors shows their objectivity is independent of individual perception, much like the temperature of water is independent of how cold it feels to different people.
In the field of color science, scientific laws are used to explain how objects and light affect perception and the colors of other objects. Such laws, for instance, predict what happens when you mix colored paints, and when you look at colored objects in various lighting conditions. Philosophers like Hilary Putnam argue that if something is essential to science, it must be real and objective.
Colors are also meaningful in the survival and evolution of animals. Many animals use colors strategically to send warning signals or attract mates. For example, some dam selfish (雀鲷鱼)have ultraviolet patterns that can only be seen by their species, aiding recognition and mating while hiding from predators that cannot perceive ultraviolet light.
In sum, our ability to determine whether objects are colored the same or differently and the essential roles they play in science suggest that colors are as real and objective as temperature.
9．What is the misleading belief about color
A．Everything has a true color. B．Colors are generally subjective.
C．Yellowish and bluish are puzzling. D．Colors aren’t affected by conditions.
10．What’s the author’s suggestion for determining an object’s color
A．Detect consistent lighting and backgrounds.
B．Match colors using independent perception.
C．Exchange disagreements with other observers.
D．Make comparisons under the same conditions.
11．Why does the author mention dam selfish in paragraph 5
A．To explain a concept. B．To illustrate a rule.
C．To introduce a theory. D．To prove an argument.
12．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Laws of Colors. B．Green Is Green.
C．Colors and Temperature. D．Colors in Evolution.
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·河北保定·期末）An attack by a shark off the Caribbean island of Tobago has left a British holidaymaker in a critical condition. Two years ago, another British man was the victim of Sydney’s first deadly shark attack in 60 years. In 2016, a British lecturer was killed in an attack while diving off in Western Australia.
These incidents unavoidably raise questions about shark attack trends. Are we seeing more attacks than before And is climate changes pushing sharks into more interactions with humans, with disastrous results
Oliver Shipley, a British shark expert, is eager to make one thing very clear: “These things are still extremely unlikely to happen to the average beach goer.”
While sharks that bite humans may be hungry, they are not looking for a human lunch. “It’s mistaken identity a lot of the time,” Shipley says. “A lot of species will do what is called an exploratory bite. They’ll go in and interact, and realise straight away that is not their natural diet and they’ll swim off. They’re not attracted to humans.”
So as the seas warm, are sharks on the move and coming into contact with new human populations
“Climate change is starting to impact where we find species and in some cases where we no longer find them. But there’s very poor evidence for that necessarily increasing the likelihood of an interaction with a human.” says Shipley.
The International Shark Attack File highlights that the human population is growing along with our interest in aquatic (水上的 connected with water) recreation. “We have to remember that there are many more people using the ocean,” Shipley says. “If you count how many human-shark interactions occur in a year and divide that by the number of people that actually use the water, you’ re in the 0.00001 percent where there’s an interaction, let alone a deadly one.” “We really do need to get a better handle on how climate change, especially warming, is going to impact the distribution and the survival of a lot of these animals.” says Shipley.
13．Why are several shark attacks mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To provide the topic background. B．To illustrate the fierce of sharks.
C．To show human’s impact on sharks. D．To stress the risk of swimming in the sea.
14．What does Oliver Shipley think of those shark attacks
A．They are a new trend. B．They should raise concern.
C．They are uncommon events. D．They will affect the tourism.
15．What can we infer about the species distribution affected by the global warming
A．It needs further study. B．It leads to more extinction.
C．It affects the number of swimmers. D．It is relatively significant.
16．What can be the best title of this text
A．Are We Giving in to the Ocean
B．Is It Still Safe to Go in the Water
C．Will Global Warming Affect Sharks’ Survival
D．Do Shark Species Diversity Affect Attack Rates 专题06 完形填空
主题01 人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·江西景德镇·期末）The school marathon was approaching, and I found myself 1 with conflicting emotions. As a new student, I longed to 2 my determination through this challenge, yet the fear of failure 3 my mind.
During training, my legs would ache after three kilometers, but Coach Li’s words kept 4 : “True strength comes from 5 what seems impossible.” One rainy afternoon, as I pushed through the muddy track, a sudden 6 of understanding struck me — this wasn’t just physical 7 , but a mental battle against self-doubt.
The race day arrived with unexpected heat. At the 8th kilometer, my throat desperately 8 for water. Just then, a fellow competitor stumbled nearby, and without the slightest 9 , I helped him up. This act cost me precious seconds, but I chose to 10 rather than abandon sportsmanship.
The final stretch tested every 11 of my being, from the burning ache in my legs to the trembling resolve in my heart. Spectators’ cheers became distant echoes as I focused on 12 the finish line. My chest burned with each breath, yet deeper than the physical pain was a powerful 13 to prove my toughness.
Crossing the line, I collapsed onto the grass, 14 but victorious. Though not the fastest, I had discovered something far more valuable - the power of 15 one’s limits through persistent effort.
1．A．trembling B．floating C．struggling D．whispering
2．A．prove B．calculate C．preserve D．accumulate
3．A．expanded B．released C．reflected D．occupied
4．A．shouting B．hurting C．fading D．echoing
5．A．avoiding B．pursuing C．denying D．memorizing
6．A．flash B．portion C．stream D．series
7．A．curiosity B．routine C．therapy D．endurance
8．A．screamed B．begged C．applied D．gestured
9．A．exception B．permission C．hesitation D．confirmation
10．A．give up B．hold on C．turn back D．speed up
11．A．surface B．hour C．layer D．aspect
12．A．outlining B．approaching C．circling D．sketching
13．A．chill B．fear C．drive D．spark
14．A．exhausted B．embarrassed C．discouraged D．astonished
15．A．defining B．escaping C．challenging D．measuring
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作为新学生的“我”，在学校马拉松来临之际，内心因渴望证明自己又害怕失败而纠结。训练中“我”克服身体不适，比赛当天面对高温、缺水等困难，还在帮助摔倒同学后坚持比赛，最终冲过终点，领悟到通过不懈努力挑战自我极限的价值。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校马拉松赛即将来临，我发现自己内心充满矛盾的情绪，十分纠结。A. trembling颤抖；B. floating漂浮；C. struggling挣扎，纠结；D. whispering低语。根据下文“conflicting emotions” 可知，我内心纠结，故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名新生，我渴望通过这次挑战来证明我的决心，但对失败的恐惧占据了我的脑海。A. prove证明；B. calculate计算；C. preserve保存；D. accumulate积累。根据下文“through this challenge”可知，作者想要通过挑战证明决心，故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名新生，我渴望通过这次挑战来证明我的决心，但对失败的恐惧占据了我的脑海。A. expanded扩大；B. released释放；C. reflected反映；D. occupied占据。根据上文“yet the fear of failure”以及下文“my mind.”可知，恐惧占据脑海，故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：训练时，跑三公里后我的腿就会疼，但李教练的话一直在我耳边回响。A. shouting大喊；B. hurting伤害；C. fading褪色，逐渐消失；D. echoing回响。根据下文““True strength comes from...what seems impossible.””可知，教练的话在耳边回响，故选D。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真正的力量来自于追求看似不可能的事情。A. avoiding避免；B. pursuing追求；C. denying否认；D. memorizing记忆。根据下文“what seems impossible”可知，追求看似不可能之事才能获得力量，故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的下午，当我在泥泞的跑道上艰难前行时，我突然灵光一闪，明白了一个道理 —— 这不仅仅是身体的耐力考验，更是一场与自我怀疑的心理斗争。A. flash闪光；B. portion部分；C. stream溪流；D. series系列。根据下文“struck me”可知，a flash of “突然一闪”，a flash of understanding “突然明白”；这里指突然明白，故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的下午，当我在泥泞的跑道上艰难前行时，我突然灵光一闪，明白了一个道理 —— 这不仅仅是身体的耐力考验，更是一场与自我怀疑的心理斗争。A. curiosity好奇；B. routine常规；C. therapy治疗；D. endurance耐力。根据常识可知，马拉松考验身体耐力，故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第八公里处，我的喉咙极度渴望水。A. screamed尖叫；B. begged祈求，渴望；C. applied申请；D. gestured做手势。根据上文“At the 8th kilometer, my throat desperately”可知，这里指喉咙发干，渴望喝水，故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，旁边一名参赛同学摔倒了，我毫不犹豫地扶他起来。A. exception例外；B. permission允许；C. hesitation犹豫；D. confirmation确认。根据下文“I helped him up”可知，作者毫不犹豫地扶起同学，故选C。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个举动让我损失了宝贵的时间，但我选择坚持下去，而不是放弃体育精神。A. give up放弃；B. hold on坚持；C. turn back返回；D. speed up加速。根据下文“rather than abandon sportsmanship.”可知，没有放弃而是坚持，故选B。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后一段路程考验着我的方方面面，从腿部灼烧般的疼痛到内心颤抖的决心。A. surface表面；B. hour小时；C. layer层；D. aspect方面。根据下文“from the burning ache in my legs to the trembling resolve in my heart.”可知，最后的路程考验各个方面，故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我专注于接近终点线时，观众的欢呼声变成了遥远的回声。A. outlining概述；B. approaching接近；C. circling环绕；D. sketching素描。根据前文“The final stretch tested ”和下文“the finish line”可知，此处已经接近终点线，故选B。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每呼吸一次，胸口都灼烧般疼痛，但比身体疼痛更深的是一种强烈的动力，要证明自己的坚韧。A. chill寒意；B. fear恐惧；C. drive动力；D. spark火花。根据下文“prove my toughness.”可知，作者要内心充满证明自己坚韧的动力，故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冲过终点线，我倒在草地上，疲惫但胜利了。A. exhausted疲惫的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. discouraged气馁的；D. astonished惊讶的。根据上文“I collapsed onto the grass”可知，跑完马拉松作者很疲惫，故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然不是跑得最快的，但我发现了更有价值的东西 —— 通过坚持不懈的努力挑战自身极限的力量。A. defining定义；B. escaping逃避；C. challenging挑战；D. measuring测量。根据上文“to prove my toughness.”以及下文“one’s limits through persistent effort.”可知，作者挑战了自身的极限，故选C。
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·河南郑州·期末）I wanted to become a professional singer as a child. My very first concert was a junior high talent show. Hearing the audience 16 and screaming my name Tom, I was delighted.
After I graduated from high school, I found the 17 of rock music. I became excited and started my band, “Sweet Tooth”, which I think will be 18 for more people. However, it seemed that nobody 19 what I was singing about, which made me truly sorrowful. More 20 , the concerts that I booked were canceled. I became 21 that I gave it all up. I told my band members I would 22 .
It was on that day that my mother gave me a DVD which 23 my every training and show. I turned on my television and watched it, which reminded me of my 24 . Only then did I know the key to success was to insist on my 25 and interest. I determined to gain the 26 of more people.
Just a month later, my mother received an email from a talent agency 27 singers to audition (试演) for a new singing competition TV show called “The Kandi Factory”. She encouraged me to 28 the opportunity so I worked all night, filling out the 29 and filming the audition tape to prepare for the audition.
A few months later, I got the phone call saying I was 30 out of the 2,000 other musicians to perform in the show!
16．A．escaping B．complaining C．cheering D．arguing
17．A．charm B．character C．profit D．pattern
18．A．convenient B．attractive C．alarming D．awkward
19．A．determined B．summarized C．investigated D．appreciated
20．A．unfortunately B．abnormally C．impossibly D．uncommonly
21．A．confused B．discouraged C．excited D．satisfied
22．A．sail B．react C．quit D．fight
23．A．arranged B．documented C．managed D．observed
24．A．stage B．major C．figure D．dream
25．A．dream B．memory C．energy D．wisdom
26．A．hesitation B．impression C．recognition D．assumption
27．A．dealing with B．attending to C．figuring out D．seeking for
28．A．take B．monitor C．judge D．create
29．A．departments B．applications C．experiments D．strategies
30．A．inquired B．persuaded C．selected D．witnessed
【答案】
16．C 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者追求音乐梦想的坎坷经历与最终获得机会的故事。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到观众欢呼并尖叫着我的名字Tom，我很高兴。A. escaping逃跑；B. complaining抱怨；C. cheering欢呼；D. arguing争论。根据后文“and screaming my name Tom”可知，作者表演很成功，观众在欢呼尖叫，故选C。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业后，我发现了摇滚乐的魅力。A. charm魅力；B. character性格；C. profit利润；D. pattern模式。根据后文“I became excited and started my band”可知，作者变得很兴奋，组建了自己的乐队，所以此处指作者发现了摇滚乐的魅力，故选A。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得很兴奋，组建了我的乐队“Sweet Tooth”，我认为它会对更多人有吸引力。A. convenient方便的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. alarming令人担忧的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“I became excited and started my band”可知，作者组建乐队，认为它会对更多人有吸引力。故选B。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，似乎没有人欣赏我唱的内容，这让我真的很悲伤。A. determined决定；B. summarized总结；C. investigated调查；D. appreciated欣赏。根据后文“what I was singing about, which made me truly sorrowful”可知，让作者真很悲伤的是没有人欣赏作者唱的内容，故选D。
20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：更不幸的是，我预定的音乐会都被取消了。A. unfortunately不幸地；B. abnormally反常地；C. impossibly不可能地；D. uncommonly不寻常地。根据后文“the concerts that I booked were canceled”可知，作者预定的音乐会都被取消了，这是不幸的事情。故选A。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得气馁，想要放弃。A. confused困惑的；B. discouraged气馁的；C. excited兴奋的；D. satisfied满意的。根据后文“that I gave it all up”可知，作者变得气馁，想要放弃。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉乐队成员我要退出。A. sail航行；B. react反应；C. quit退出；D. fight战斗。根据上文“that I gave it all up”可知，作者想要放弃，所以此处指作者要退出乐队。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那天，我妈妈给了我一张DVD，里面记录了我的每一次训练和表演。A. arranged安排；B. documented记录；C. managed管理；D. observed观察。根据后文“my every training and show”可知，DVD里记录了作者的每一次训练和表演。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打开电视看了起来，这让我想起了我的梦想。A. stage舞台；B. major专业；C. figure数字；D. dream梦想。根据前文“I wanted to become a professional singer as a child”、“I turned on my television and watched it, which reminded me of my”和后文“Only then did I know the key to success was to insist on”可知，作者想起了自己的梦想。故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到那时我才知道成功的关键是坚持自己的梦想和兴趣。A. dream梦想；B. memory记忆；C. energy能量；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“I wanted to become a professional singer as a child”、“Only then did I know the key to success was to insist on my”可知，此处指坚持自己的梦想。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决心让更多的人认可我。A. hesitation犹豫；B. impression印象；C. recognition认可；D. assumption假设。根据前文“I determined to gain the”、后文“of more people”可知，作者决心让更多的人认可自己。故选C。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在一个月后，我妈妈收到了一家人才机构的电子邮件，他们正在寻找歌手参加一个名为“The Kandi Factory”的新歌唱比赛电视节目。A. dealing with处理；B. attending to照顾；C. figuring out弄清楚；D. seeking for寻找。根据后文“singers to audition for a new singing competition TV show”可知，人才机构在寻找歌手参加电视节目。故选D。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她鼓励我抓住这个机会，所以我通宵工作，填写申请表，拍摄试镜录像，为试镜做准备。A. take抓住；B. monitor监控；C. judge判断；D. create创造。根据后文“the opportunity”可知，此处指抓住机会，take the opportunity“抓住机会”。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. departments部门；B. applications申请；C. experiments实验；D. strategies策略。根据上文“filling out the”可知，此处指填写申请表。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我接到了电话，说我在2000名其他音乐家中脱颖而出，将在节目中表演！A. inquired询问；B. persuaded说服；C. selected挑选；D. witnessed目击。根据后文“out of the 2,000 other musicians to perform in the show”可知，作者在2000名其他音乐家中脱颖而出，故选C。
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·江苏·期末）I used to be a marathon runner and regular gym-goer; physical fitness was my life. However, all that 31 in May 1997. At 37, I 32 a serious car accident but suffered a serious brain injury.
Several weeks later, I woke up with an unclear voice and no 33 . I had to relearn how to 34 , stand, walk and move about with a walker(助行器).
Needing a walker was 35 beyond words. I felt so ashamed. And learning to live with this new body took time and patience. Seven years later, I 36 began walking on my own slowly. I kept a walker around 37 I needed to move quickly. And I studied for the personal training certification exam and passed it at the second 38 .
Considering my physical conditions, my father suggested I 39 group exercise classes in senior homes. He even bought me a sound system with a microphone, which helped the seniors 40 my soft voice.
While my students aren’t athletes or bodybuilders, I’m able to 41 them to do beyond what they thought they could do and my 42 no longer make me feel ashamed. They’ve led me to a new 43 in life—inspiring and encouraging these seniors by showing them the exercises. I’ve done to regain my 44 . To continue living independently, these seniors need to keep their bodies moving regularly. And I can just help them with this. My days of being a long-distance runner are gone, but they led to a new and more 45 life purpose.
31．A．lasted B．appeared C．changed D．mattered
32．A．survived B．prevented C．witnessed D．avoided
33．A．sense B．balance C．sight D．effort
34．A．sit B．lie C．adapt D．accept
35．A．shocking B．challenging C．awkward D．boring
36．A．eventually B．strangely C．fortunately D．suddenly
37．A．so that B．in case C．even if D．as though
38．A．level B．process C．experiment D．attempt
39．A．teach B．apply C．design D．attend
40．A．enjoy B．hear C．recognize D．understand
41．A．encourage B．expect C．allow D．remind
42．A．worries B．disabilities C．injuries D．weaknesses
43．A．lesson B．habit C．risk D．purpose
44．A．influence B．breath C．control D．strength
45．A．practical B．meaningful C．satisfying D．peaceful
【答案】
31．C 32．A 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．A 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．B 41．A 42．B 43．D 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位马拉松运动员在遭遇车祸后，通过康复训练重新找到人生目标的故事。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这一切在1997年5月改变了。A. lasted持续；B. appeared出现；C. changed改变；D. mattered重要。根据后文“At 37, I 　　　　 a serious car accident but suffered a serious brain injury.”可知，车祸使作者的生活发生了巨大变化。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：37岁时，我在一场严重的车祸中幸存下来，但遭受了严重的脑损伤。A. survived幸存；B. prevented阻止；C. witnessed目睹；D. avoided避免。根据后文“suffered a serious brain injury”可知，作者在车祸中幸存但受伤。故选A项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我醒来时声音模糊，且失去了平衡能力。A. sense感觉；B. balance平衡；C. sight视力；D. effort努力。根据后文“I had to relearn how to 　　　　, stand, walk and move about with a walker(助行器).”可知，作者需要重新学习走路，说明失去了平衡能力。故选B项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须重新学习如何坐、站、走和使用助行器移动。A. sit坐；B. lie躺；C. adapt适应；D. accept接受。根据后文“stand, walk and move about with a walker(助行器).”可知，作者需要从最基本的动作，例如站、坐，开始重新学习。故选A项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：需要使用助行器让我感到无比尴尬。A. shocking震惊的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文“I felt so ashamed”可知，作者对使用助行器感到尴尬。故选C项。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：七年后，我终于能够慢慢独立行走了。A. eventually最终；B. strangely奇怪地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. suddenly突然地。根据前文“And learning to live with this new body took time and patience.”可知，经过长时间努力，作者最终恢复了行走能力。故选A项。
37．考查连词短语辨析。句意：我身边一直放着助行器，以防需要快速移动。A. so that以便；B. in case以防；C. even if即使；D. as though好像。根据语境，作者保留助行器是为了应对紧急情况。故选B项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参加了私人教练认证考试，并在第二次尝试中通过了。A. level水平；B. process过程；C. experiment实验；D. attempt尝试。根据前文“passed it at the second”可知，作者第二次尝试通过考试。故选D项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我的身体状况，父亲建议我在养老院教授团体运动课程。A. teach教授；B. apply申请；C. design设计；D. attend参加。根据后文“While my students”可知，作者开始教授课程。故选A项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至给我买了带麦克风的音响系统，帮助老人们听清我微弱的声音。A. enjoy享受；B. hear听见；C. recognize认出；D. understand理解。根据后文“my soft voice”可知，麦克风是为了让老人们听清。故选B项。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的学生们不是运动员也不是健美运动员，但我能够鼓励他们做到超出自己预期的事情，而且我的残疾不再让我感到羞愧。A. encourage鼓励；B. expect期望；C. allow允许；D. remind提醒。根据后文“to do beyond what they thought they could do and my 　　　　 no longer make me feel ashamed.”可知，作者鼓励学生突破自我。故选A项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的学生们不是运动员也不是健美运动员，但我能够鼓励他们做到超出自己预期的事情，而且我的残疾不再让我感到羞愧。A. worries担忧；B. disabilities残疾；C. injuries受伤；D. weaknesses弱点。根据前文“I 　　　　 a serious car accident but suffered a serious brain injury.”和“I had to relearn how to 　　　　, stand, walk and move about with a walker(助行器).”可知，作者的身体残疾曾让她羞耻。故选B项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们让我在生活中找到了新的目标——通过向这些老年人展示锻炼动作来激励和鼓舞他们。A. lesson教训；B. habit习惯；C. risk风险；D. purpose目标。根据后文“inspiring and encouraging these seniors”可知，作者找到了新的人生目标。故选D项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所做的一切都是为了重新获得力量。A. influence影响；B. breath呼吸；C. control控制；D. strength力量。根据前文“I had to relearn how to 　　　　, stand, walk”可知，作者通过训练恢复了身体力量。故选D项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我长跑的日子结束了，但它们引领我走向一个更意义深远的人生目标。A. practical实用的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. peaceful平静的。根据前文“They’ve led me to a new 　　　　 in life—inspiring and encouraging these seniors by showing them the exercises.”可知，新目标更有意义。故选B项。
主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·福建莆田·期末）Ben always felt a quiet excitement holding a pencil. From a young age, he saw the world in lines and shadows, 1 anything that caught his eye — the old oak tree, his sleeping dog, the busy street. He dreamed of filling grand canvases (画布) one day. 2 , as he grew older, a voice whispered: “Are you good enough Is this just a(n) 3 hobby ” He saw other talented artists and felt his own work was 4 and ordinary. Discouraged, he 5 his sketchbooks away.
One rainy afternoon, when tidying his bedroom, Ben came across the sketchbooks and feeling bored, he 6 flipped through (快速翻阅) those old drawings. He saw 7 filled with awkward figures and shapes. But then, between them, he found a small, colorful sketch of wildflowers he’d done years ago. He remembered the pure 8 he felt capturing their delicate petals (花瓣). It wasn’t perfect, but it was alive.
That simple sketch 9 something. Ben realized the joy wasn’t in being the best, but in the 10 of creating itself. The doubt didn’t disappear, but he decided to 11 despite it. He started drawing daily, not for praise, but for that inner inspiration. Progress was slow, sometimes 12 , but he kept showing up.
Months later, his art teacher encouraged him to 13 a piece for the school art show. Heart pounding, Ben agreed. On opening night, he nervously stood beside his drawing — a detailed study of an old man’s hands. To his 14 , people stopped to look. No one mentioned perfection; they talked about the feeling it carried. In that moment, Ben understood: true courage lies in pursuing your 15 anyway.
1．A．drawing B．writing C．describing D．coloring
2．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Yet D．Otherwise
3．A．passive B．childish C．outdated D．graceful
4．A．far-reaching B．awkward C．unique D．time-consuming
5．A．threw B．gave C．sent D．packed
6．A．excitedly B．carefully C．skillfully D．aimlessly
7．A．stories B．memories C．pages D．examples
8．A．pride B．joy C．interest D．hope
9．A．ruined B．represented C．inspired D．saved
10．A．process B．cause C．way D．result
11．A．persist B．quit C．accept D．wait
12．A．clear B．fast C．unnoticeable D．huge
13．A．take over B．turn in C．put away D．make up
14．A．sadness B．regret C．disappointment D．astonishment
15．A．success B．purpose C．ambition D．passion
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了本重拾绘画热情并勇敢追梦的过程。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从很小的时候起，他就用线条和阴影来看待这个世界，画下任何吸引他眼球的东西——老橡树、他熟睡的狗、繁忙的街道。A. drawing画；B. writing写；C. describing描述；D. coloring（用颜料、彩色笔等）为……着色。根据上文“Ben always felt a quiet excitement holding a pencil. From a young age, he saw the world in lines and shadows”和下文“He dreamed of filling grand canvases (画布) one day.”可知，他梦想着有一天能在巨大的画布上作画，所以此处指他画下吸引他眼球的东西。故选A。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，一个声音低语道：“你足够好吗？这只是一个幼稚的爱好吗？”A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Yet然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“He dreamed of filling grand canvases (画布) one day.”和下文“as he grew older, a voice whispered: “Are you good enough ”可知，上文提到他梦想着有一天能在巨大的画布上作画，下文提到他怀疑自己是否足够好，怀疑这只是个幼稚的爱好，上下文之间是转折关系，所以用Yet表示转折。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. passive被动的；B. childish幼稚的；C. outdated过时的；D. graceful优雅的。根据上文“as he grew older”以及下文“He saw other talented artists”可知，小时候就喜欢画画，随着年龄的增长，他看到其他有才华的艺术家，怀疑自己画画只是一个幼稚的爱好。故选B。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他看到其他有才华的艺术家，觉得自己的作品笨拙而普通。A. far-reaching影响深远的；B. awkward笨拙的；C. unique独特的；D. time-consuming耗时的。根据上文“He saw other talented artists and felt his own work was”以及下文“filled with awkward figures and shapes”可知，他看到其他有才华的艺术家，感到气馁，他觉得自己的作品不好，觉得自己的作品笨拙而普通。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他感到气馁，把素描本收了起来。A. threw扔；B. gave给；C. sent送，寄出；D. packed打包，收拾。根据上文“Discouraged”可知，他感到气馁，所以把素描本收了起来。故选D。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的下午，本在整理卧室时偶然发现了这些素描本，感到无聊，他漫无目的地翻阅着那些旧画。A. excitedly兴奋地；B. carefully仔细地；C. skillfully熟练地；D. aimlessly漫无目的地。根据上文“feeling bored”可知，他感到无聊，所以漫无目的地翻阅着那些旧画。故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到画满了笨拙的人物和形状的画页。A. stories故事；B. memories记忆；C. pages(书刊或纸张的)页，版面；D. examples例子。根据上文“flipped through (快速翻阅) those old drawings”可知，他快速翻阅着那些旧画，所以此处指看到画满了笨拙的人物和形状的画页。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他记得捕捉它们娇嫩的花瓣时所感受到的纯粹的喜悦。A. pride骄傲；B. joy喜悦；C. interest兴趣；D. hope希望。根据上文“anything that caught his eye”、下文“he felt capturing their delicate petals (花瓣)”和“Ben realized the joy wasn’t in being the best”可知，他记得捕捉花瓣时所感受到的纯粹的喜悦。故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那幅简单的素描激发了一些东西。A. ruined毁坏；B. represented代表；C. inspired激励，给……以启示；D. saved拯救。根据下文“Ben realized the joy wasn’t in being the best”可知，那幅简单的素描激发了他的一些想法，给他以启示，让他意识到快乐不在于成为最好的。故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：本意识到快乐不在于成为最好的，而在于创作本身的过程。A. process过程；B. cause原因；C. way方法；D. result结果。根据上文“Ben realized the joy wasn’t in being the best, but in the”和下文“of creating itself”以及“not for praise, but for that inner inspiration”可知，他意识到快乐在于创作本身的过程，而不是画得很好，为了赞美。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：怀疑并没有消失，但他决定不顾怀疑坚持下去。A. persist坚持；B. quit放弃；C. accept接受；D. wait等待。根据下文“He started drawing daily”可知，他决定不顾怀疑，坚持下去，开始每天画画。故选A。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进步很慢，有时甚至不明显，但他一直在努力。A. clear清楚的；B. fast快的；C. unnoticeable不易被人看到的，不明显的；D. huge巨大的。根据上文“Progress was slow”以及下文“but he kept showing up”可知，进步很慢，有时甚至不明显，但他一直在努力。故选C。
13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个月后，他的美术老师鼓励他交一幅作品参加学校艺术展。A. take over接管；B. turn in上交；C. put away将……收起；D. make up编造。根据下文“a piece for the school art show”可知，他的美术老师鼓励他交一幅作品参加学校艺术展。故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，人们停下来观看。A. sadness悲伤；B. regret后悔；C. disappointment失望；D. astonishment惊讶。根据下文“people stopped to look. No one mentioned perfection; they talked about the feeling it carried.”可知，人们停下来观看他的画，并且谈论画所传达的感觉，没有提到完美，这让他感到惊讶。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，本明白了：真正的勇气在于无论如何都要追求你的热情。A. success成功；B. purpose目的；C. ambition野心；D. passion热情，热衷的爱好。根据上文“He dreamed of filling grand canvases (画布) one day.”以及“Ben realized the joy wasn’t in being the best, but in the ____10____ of creating itself.”可知，他一直热爱画画，所以此处指真正的勇气在于无论如何都要追求热爱的东西。故选D。
Passage 2
（24-25高一下·安徽·期末）Jack threw the papers on my desk. “Next time you want to change anything, ask me first,” he said and left, leaving me angry. How dare he treat me like that! I had changed one sentence, and 16 grammar — something I was paid to do.
As the weeks went by, I grew to 17 Jack. It was against everything I believed in — love your enemies.
One day, another of his deeds left me in tears. I ran into his office, prepared to 18 my job if needed. “What ” he said in a / an 19 voice. “Jack, the way you’ve been treating me is wrong. It’s wrong for me to allow it to continue.” I said. “I want to make you a 20 . I will be a friend,” I said. “I will treat you as you deserve to be treated with respect and kindness.”
Jack avoided me the rest of the week. I brought cookies one day and left a batch on his desk. Another day I left a 21 . “Hope your day is going great,” it read. Over the next few weeks, every time I saw Jack, I 22 at him.
One year after our “talk”, I 23 I had cancer. After operation, friends tried to find the 24 words. No one knew what to say. The last day of my hospital stay, Jack stood 25 . He walked in and placed a bundle beside me. He cleared his 26 . “Tulips. If you plant them, they’ll bloom. I think you’ll be there to see them when they 27 . You can’t see it now, but next spring you’ll see the 28 I picked out for you.” He turned and left without a word.
I have seen those red and white tulips push through the 29 every spring for over ten years now. In fact, this September the doctor will declare me 30 .
That’s what friends do.
16．A．ignored B．learned C．corrected D．memorized
17．A．respect B．hate C．admire D．comfort
18．A．keep B．change C．find D．lose
19．A．gentle B．surprising C．exciting D．strange
20．A．joke B．choice C．promise D．call
21．A．book B．cookie C．note D．flower
22．A．shouted B．stared C．pointed D．smiled
23．A．discovered B．realized C．admitted D．shared
24．A．key B．right C．magic D．memorable
25．A．awkwardly B．calmly C．proudly D．confidently
26．A．head B．hands C．back D．throat
27．A．come up B．go away C．die out D．fall down
28．A．shapes B．sizes C．colors D．smells
29．A．soil B．water C．air D．grass
30．A．examined B．cured C．diagnosed D．cleared
【答案】
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与杰克从冲突到成为朋友，杰克在作者患癌时给予关怀的故事。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只改了一个句子，而且只是纠正语法——这是我的工作职责。A. ignored忽视；B. learned学习；C. corrected纠正；D. memorized记住。根据下文“grammar — something I was paid to do”可知，作者工作内容是纠正语法，correct符合语境，故选C项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周过去了，我开始讨厌杰克。A. respect尊重；B. hate讨厌；C. admire钦佩；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“How dare he treat me like that! ”以及下文“It was against everything I believed in — love your enemies.”可知，作者对杰克的行为很生气，开始讨厌他，hate符合语境，故选B项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冲进他的办公室，准备必要时辞职。A. keep保持；B. change改变；C. find找到；D. lose失去。根据上文“I ran into his office”以及下文“my job if needed”可知，作者对杰克的行为忍无可忍，准备必要时辞职，lose one’s job“失去工作，辞职”，故选D项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“什么？”他惊讶地说。A. gentle温柔的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文““What ””可知，作者冲进办公室准备理论，杰克对此感到惊讶，故选B项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我向你保证。我会成为你的朋友，”我说。A. joke玩笑；B. choice选择；C. promise承诺；D. call电话。根据下文“I will be a friend”可知，作者向杰克做出承诺，promise符合语境，故选C项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一天，我留了一张便条。 A. book书；B. cookie饼干；C. note便条；D. flower花。根据下文“Hope your day is going great,” it read.”可知，作者留的是便条，note符合语境，故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，每次见到杰克，我都对他微笑。A. shouted大喊；B. stared盯着；C. pointed指向；D. smiled微笑。作者决定友善对待杰克，所以每次见到他都微笑，smile at“对……微笑”，故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们“谈话”一年后，我发现自己患了癌症。A. discovered发现；B. realized意识到；C. admitted承认；D. shared分享。根据下文“I had cancer.”可知，这里指发现自己患癌症，discovered符合语境，故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手术后，朋友们试图找到恰当的话语。没人知道该说什么。A. key关键的；B. right恰当的；C. magic神奇的；D. memorable难忘的。根据下文“No one knew what to say.”可知，朋友们不知道该对患癌症的作者说什么，所以是找恰当的话语，right符合语境，故选B项。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我住院的最后一天，杰克尴尬地站着。A. awkwardly尴尬地；B. calmly平静地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. confidently自信地。根据上文“No one knew what to say.”以及下文杰克的表现可知，他站在那里很尴尬，awkwardly符合语境，故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他清了清嗓子。A. head头；B. hands手；C. back背；D. throat喉咙。根据下文“Tulips. If you plant them, they’ll bloom. I think you’ll be there to see them when they”可知，杰克清了清嗓子，clear one’s throat“清嗓子”是固定搭配，通常用于说话前，故选D项。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想当它们长出来的时候你会在那里看到的。A. come up长出，出现；B. go away走开；C. die out灭绝；D. fall down摔倒。根据上文“If you plant them, they’ll bloom”以及下文“push through”可知，这里指郁金香长出来，come up符合语境，故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你现在看不到，但明年春天你会看到我为你挑选的颜色。A. shapes形状；B. sizes尺寸；C. colors颜色；D. smells气味。根据下文“those red and white tulips”可知，杰克说的是郁金香的颜色，colors符合语境，故选C项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：十年来，每年春天我都能看到那些红白相间的郁金香从土里钻出来。A. soil土壤；B. water水；C. air空气；D. grass草。根据常识可知，郁金香是从土里长出来，soil符合语境，故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，今年九月医生将宣布我已治愈。A. examined检查；B. cured治愈；C. diagnosed诊断；D. cleared清除。根据上文“I have seen those red and white tulips push through the ____ every spring for over ten years now”可知，作者多年看到郁金香盛开，所以可以看出，作者战胜了病魔，医生将宣布作者治愈，cured符合语境，故选B项。
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·山东淄博·期末）Lisa sterlund, a healthy 46-year-old, suddenly found swimming and cycling impossible. 31 from Graves disease, she couldn't take standard medicine. So she needed strong 32 , including powerful drugs, which made her very tired and feel sick. This 33 just after she started her perfect job at Swedish Public Radio. Medicine for her eyes left her too worn out to 34 on her work.
Seeking energy, Lisa turned to 35 . In 2018, she started learning French part-time at Stockholm University. Deeply focused on her studies and 36 by older students, she felt renewed. 37 , her health improved—studying became her “other medicine”.
Knowing her illness could return, Lisa sought 38 future work, so she had more free time to begin a second degree in French Translation at Lund University. At 52, she used 39 she could spare to pay for it, took time off work, and moved into student housing far from home with those of her children's 40 . Now with two degrees, Lisa translates French books and works in radio and continues her radio 41 . Supported by Sweden's paid study leave policy, she is now 42 a Master's degree.
Lisa's experience 43 education's role in healing（治愈） and creating new paths. Lisa believes studying 44 a person by opening minds and connecting them with driven people. Her story stands as 45 that embracing learning rebuilds strength and creates fresh opportunities, even during difficult times, at any stage of life.
31．A．Recovering B．Suffering C．Benefiting D．Preventing
32．A．experiments B．exercises C．diets D．treatments
33．A．happened B．worked C．disappeared D．ended
34．A．comment B．act C．concentrate D．depend
35．A．education B．travel C．health D．sports
36．A．ignored B．persuaded C．inspired D．puzzled
37．A．Sadly B．Gradually C．Naturally D．Probably
38．A．difficult B．boring C．challenging D．flexible
39．A．savings B．donations C．strength D．efforts
40．A．position B．interest C．age D．advantage
41．A．hobby B．routine C．program D．career
42．A．applying for B．asking for C．caring for D．looking for
43．A．doubts B．explains C．highlights D．describes
44．A．comforts B．transforms C．respects D．judges
45．A．dream B．risk C．theory D．proof
【答案】
31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了46岁原本健康的丽莎，因患格雷夫斯病无法服用标准药物，接受的治疗使她疲惫不适，影响工作。为寻求精力，她转向学习，在学习法语过程中健康得到改善。考虑到病情可能反复，她选择灵活的工作，继续学习并获得两个学位，如今从事法语翻译和电台工作，还在申请硕士学位，她的经历证明了学习能在困难时期重塑力量、创造机会。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于患有格雷夫斯病，她不能服用标准药物。A. Recovering恢复；B. Suffering遭受；C. Benefiting受益；D. Preventing阻止。根据下文“Graves disease”可知，这里指丽莎患格雷夫斯病。suffer from为固定短语，意为“遭受……疾病”，故选B项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以她需要强力治疗，包括服用强效药物，这让她非常疲惫且感到恶心。A. experiments实验；B. exercises锻炼；C. diets饮食；D. treatments治疗。根据下文“including powerful drugs”可知，服用药物是一种治疗方式，这里指她需要治疗，故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件事就发生在她在瑞典公共广播电台开始那份理想工作之后。A. happened发生；B. worked起作用，工作；C. disappeared消失；D. ended结束。这里指她生病这件事发生在开始新工作之后，happen符合语境，故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗眼睛的药物让她疲惫不堪，无法集中精力工作。A. comment评论；B. act行动；C. concentrate集中（注意力）；D. depend依靠。根据上文“too worn out”可知，她因疲惫无法集中精力工作，concentrate on“集中精力于……”，故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了寻求活力，丽莎转向了学习。A. education教育，学习；B. travel旅行；C. health健康；D. sports运动。根据下文“she started learning French part - time at Stockholm University”可知，她开始学习法语，所以是转向学习，故选A项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她全身心投入学习，并受到年长学生的鼓舞，感觉焕然一新。A. ignored忽视；B. persuaded说服；C. inspired鼓舞；D. puzzled使困惑。根据下文“she felt renewed”可知，她感觉焕然一新，受到年长学生鼓舞符合语境，故选C项。
37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她的健康状况有所改善——学习成了她的“另一种药物”。A. Sadly悲伤地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Probably可能地。根据常识可知，健康状况改善是一个逐渐的过程，gradually符合语境，故选B项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道自己的病情可能会复发，丽莎寻找灵活的未来工作，这样她就有更多空闲时间在隆德大学开始攻读法语翻译的第二个学位。A. difficult困难的；B. boring无聊的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“so she had more free time”可知，她需要有更多空闲时间，所以找的是灵活的工作，故选D项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：52岁时，她用自己能省下的积蓄支付学费，请假离开工作，搬到离家很远的学生宿舍，和与她孩子年龄相仿的人住在一起。A. savings积蓄；B. donations捐赠；C. strength力量；D. efforts努力。根据下文“to pay for it”可知，这里指用积蓄支付学费，故选A项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：52岁时，她用自己能省下的积蓄支付学费，请假离开工作，搬到离家很远的学生宿舍，和与她孩子年龄相仿的人住在一起。A. position位置；B. interest兴趣；C. age年龄；D. advantage优势。根据上文“begin a second degree in French Translation at Lund University.”可知，在学生宿舍住的是学生，年龄和她孩子相仿，故选C项。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在丽莎拥有两个学位，从事法语书籍翻译工作，还在电台工作，继续她的电台职业生涯。A. hobby爱好；B. routine日常；C. program节目；D. career职业。根据上文“works in radio”可知，她在电台有工作，这里指继续电台职业生涯，故选D项。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在瑞典带薪学习假政策的支持下，她现在正在申请硕士学位。A. applying for申请；B. asking for要求；C. caring for照顾；D. looking for寻找。根据下文“a Master's degree”可知，是申请硕士学位，故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎的经历突显了教育在治愈和开辟新道路方面的作用。A. doubts怀疑；B. explains解释；C. highlights突显；D. describes描述。丽莎通过学习改善健康并开启新工作路径，她的经历突显了教育的作用，highlight符合语境，故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎相信学习通过开阔思维并将人们与有干劲的人联系起来，从而改变一个人。A. comforts安慰；B. transforms改变；C. respects尊重；D. judges判断。根据下文“opening minds and connecting them with driven people”可知，学习对人有改变作用，transform符合语境，故选B项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的故事就是证明，接受学习能重塑力量并创造新机会，即使在困难时期，在人生的任何阶段都是如此。A. dream梦想；B. risk风险；C. theory理论；D. proof证明。根据下文“t embracing learning rebuilds strength and creates fresh opportunities, even during difficult times, at any stage of life.”可知，丽莎的经历证明了学习的作用，proof符合语境，故选D项。
主题03 人与自然——环境
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）The first time ever I realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet was during a road trip in Western Australia, almost 12 years ago.
We 1 at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast to buy some groceries and the lady at the counter told us they didn’t sell any shopping bags in order to prevent plastic in the 2 and to help preserving the endangered turtles (海龟) living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, we 3 all our shopping in our arms and left.
This was just one of the many experiences I’ve lived that made me more aware of my 4 and pushed me to adopt different habits to live and 5 more sustainably (可持续地).
Our trip to Borneo was another life-changing 6 that has strengthened my determination to have a 7 lifestyle. While traveling in some Asian countries, we came to know that 8 drinkable water was always a challenge. So we had to travel with our water bottle, and we 9 to avoid using plastic during our trip.
Besides, we were also deeply 10 by our stay on Libaran Island. A 11 turtle conservation project and the community had made big efforts to 12 the beaches and creatively reuse plastic for ten years. Despite that, the shore is washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides.
Facing this global issue 13 raised in me a feeling of sadness and anger that soon turned into 14 : to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in our life. Small changes can 15 a difference!
1．A．stayed B．visited C．worked D．stopped
2．A．land B．ocean C．district D．supermarket
3．A．threw B．picked C．dropped D．carried
4．A．dream B．family C．impact D．income
5．A．travel B．deliver C．remove D．play
6．A．story B．growth C．experience D．suffering
7．A．better-off B．healthy C．comfortable D．zero-waste
8．A．safe B．cheap C．valuable D．free
9．A．failed B．managed C．hesitated D．happened
10．A．hurt B．depressed C．surprised D．removed
11．A．dramatic B．sustainable C．firm D．disappointing
12．A．dry up B．tie up C．clean up D．take up
13．A．on purpose B．for sure C．by accident D．in person
14．A．dream B．determination C．disappointment D．satisfaction
15．A．make B．do C．achieve D．find
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者通过旅行意识到塑料危害，从而践行可持续生活的经历。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在珊瑚湾海岸的一家超市停下来买些杂货，柜台的女士告诉我们，为了防止塑料进入海洋，保护生活在该地区的濒危海龟，他们不出售购物袋。A. stayed停留；B. visited拜访；C. worked工作；D. stopped停下。根据下文“at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast to buy some groceries”可知，作者一行人是在超市停下来买东西。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在珊瑚湾海岸的一家超市停下来买些杂货，柜台的女士告诉我们，为了防止塑料进入海洋，保护生活在该地区的濒危海龟，他们不出售购物袋。A. land陆地；B. ocean海洋；C. district地区；D. supermarket超市。根据下文“help preserving the endangered turtles living in that area”以及上文“along the Coral Bay coast”可知，海龟生活在海洋中，所以是防止塑料进入海洋。故选B项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：先是惊讶之后，我们抱着所有买的东西离开了。A. threw扔；B. picked捡起；C. dropped掉落；D. carried抱，携带。根据上文“they didn’t sell any shopping bags”以及下文“all our shopping in our arms”可知，没有购物袋，所以只能抱着买的东西。故选D项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是我经历过的许多事情之一，这些事情让我更加意识到自己的影响，并促使我养成不同的习惯，更可持续地生活和旅行。A. dream梦想；B. family家庭；C. impact影响；D. income收入。根据语境和下文“and pushed me to adopt different habits to live and ______ more sustainably (可持续地).”可知，作者从经历中意识到自己的行为对环境的影响。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. travel旅行；B. deliver交付；C. remove移除；D. play玩耍。根据上文“The first time ever I realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet was during a road trip in Western Australia, almost 12 years ago.”以及下文“Our trip to Borneo”可知，此处指更可持续地旅行。故选A项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的婆罗洲之旅是另一次改变人生的经历，它坚定了我过零浪费生活方式的决心。A. story故事；B. growth成长；C. experience经历；D. suffering痛苦。根据上文“This was just one of the many experiences”可知，婆罗洲之旅是另一次经历。故选C项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的婆罗洲之旅是另一次改变人生的经历，它坚定了我过零浪费生活方式的决心。A. better-off富裕的；B. healthy健康的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. zero-waste零浪费的。根据上文“This was just one of the many experiences I’ve lived that made me more aware of my ___4___ and pushed me to adopt different habits to live and ___5___ more sustainably (可持续地).”可知，此次经历让作者更可持续地生活和旅行，结合减少塑料使用的可知，此处指的是作者坚定过零浪费的生活方式。故选D项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一些亚洲国家旅行时，我们了解到安全的饮用水总是一个挑战。A. safe安全的；B. cheap便宜的；C. valuable有价值的；D. free免费的。根据下文“we had to travel with our water bottle”可知，作者他们带着水瓶旅行，说明是意识到安全饮用水一直是一个挑战。故选A项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我们不得不带着水瓶旅行，而且在旅行中我们设法避免使用塑料。A. failed失败；B. managed设法做到；C. hesitated犹豫；D. happened发生。根据上文“we had to travel with our water bottle”以及下文“to avoid using plastic during our trip.”可知，他们设法避免使用塑料，manage to do意为“设法做成某事”。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我们在利巴兰岛的逗留也让我们深感惊讶。A. hurt伤害；B. depressed使沮丧；C. surprised使惊讶；D. removed移除。根据下文“A ___11___ turtle conservation project and the community had made big efforts to ___12___ the beaches and creatively reuse plastic for ten years. Despite that, the shore is washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides.”可知，当地努力对塑料进行处理，由此可知，作者对此感到惊讶。故选C项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个可持续的海龟保护项目和社区十年来一直在努力清理海滩，并创造性地重复利用塑料。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. sustainable可持续的；C. firm坚定的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据下文“turtle conservation project”及“and creatively reuse plastic for ten years.”可知，这是一个可持续的项目。故选B项。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个可持续的海龟保护项目和社区十年来一直在努力清理海滩，并创造性地重复利用塑料。A. dry up干涸；B. tie up捆绑；C. clean up清理；D. take up占据。根据下文“the beaches and creatively reuse plastic for ten years.”可知，社区保护环境，所以此处为清理海滩。故选C项。
13．考查介词短语辨析。句意：亲身面对这个全球性问题，我心中涌起一阵悲伤和愤怒，但很快就变成了决心：尽我所能减少生活中的塑料。A. on purpose故意；B. for sure确实；C. by accident偶然；D. in person亲身。根据下文“raised in me a feeling of sadness and anger”以及上文作者的亲身经历可知，此处指亲身面对这个全球性的问题。故选D项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：亲身面对这个全球性问题，我心中涌起一阵悲伤和愤怒，但很快就变成了决心：尽我所能减少生活中的塑料。A. dream梦想；B. determination决心；C. disappointment失望；D. satisfaction满意。根据下文“to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in our life”可知，作者决心尽自己所能减少生活中的塑料。故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小小的改变也能带来不同！A. make使；B. do做；C. achieve实现；D. find找到。根据语境和上文“Facing this global issue ___13___ raised in me a feeling of sadness and anger that soon turned into ___14___ : to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in our life.”可知，作者呼吁大家减少生活中的塑料，结合后文“a difference”可知，此处为短语make a difference表示“有影响”。故选A项。
Passage 2
（23-24高一下·福建南平·期末）When eleven-year-old Ella and Cash met at Ocean Heroes Camp 40 July 2019, they immediately 16 . Even their moms had no idea the kids would become 17 guards.
“We knew we could make a 18 ,”says Cash. Within a short time, their meeting changed into action, and then 19 the Cleanup Kids — a youth-led non-profit determined to make waves in environmental 20 . Ella’s love for the environment started with the 21 of cleaning up rubbish. For Cash, his awareness was 22 when a plastic straw (吸管) on the beach caught his eyes. That’s when he realized the 23 facing thousands of sea creatures, which may 24 dying because of eating plastics. They are co-leading the Cleanup Kids, which now has over 200 25 worldwide and counting.
“My hope is that it’s not just hundreds of kids 26 us, but having a ripple effect (连锁反应),”says Cash. Members’ 27 include conducting cleanup, sorting and recycling rubbish.
In 2022, Cash and Ella received the Gloria Prize for Young Heroes. How can teenagers begin to make the 28 Ella’s advice is to start 29 . “I started with just a couple of cleanups with my family,” says Ella. “And just remember that teenagers may be only a small part of the population, but we’re 100 percent of the 30 ,”she adds.
16．A．changed B．connected C．competed D．argued
17．A．coast B．security C．environmental D．national
18．A．difference B．decision C．profit D．mistake
19．A．funded B．contacted C．supported D．birthed
20．A．research B．education C．monitoring D．protected
21．A．experience B．suggestion C．description D．guideline
22．A．expressed B．ignored C．raised D．shared
23．A．choice B．danger C．truth D．charge
24．A．keep from B．end up C．focus on D．worry about
25．A．members B．leaders C．visitors D．friends
26．A．loving B．needing C．joining D．calling
27．A．behaviors B．strategies C．responsibilities D．challenges
28．A．impact B．request C．plan D．statement
29．A．early B．young C．slow D．small
30．A．world B．future C．society D．moment
【答案】
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个青少年艾拉和卡什致力于环境保护工作，成立了“清洁孩子”——一个由年轻人领导的非营利组织，决心在环境保护领域掀起波澜。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当11岁的艾拉和卡什在2019年7月40日的海洋英雄营地相遇时，他们立即建立了良好关系。A. changed改变；B. connected连接，建立良好关系；C. competed比赛；D. argued争论。根据后文“Within a short time, their meeting changed into action”两人一起保护环境，推测相遇后建立了良好的关系。故选B。
17．考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：即使他们的妈妈也不知道孩子们会成为环保卫士。A. coast海岸；B. security安全；C. environmental环境的；D. national民族的。根据后文“make waves in environmental”可知，两个孩子成为了环保卫士。故选C。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们知道我们可以有所作为，”卡什说。A. difference差异；B. decision决定；C. profit利润；D. mistake错误。根据上文“We knew we could make a”以及后文建立环保组织可知指有所作为应用make a difference。故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在很短的时间内，他们的会议变成了行动，然后诞生了“清洁孩子”——一个由年轻人领导的非营利组织，决心在环境保护领域掀起波澜。A. funded资助；B. contacted联系；C. supported支持；D. birthed诞生。根据后文“the Cleanup Kids—a youth-led non-profit”可知，他们的行动诞生了“清洁孩子”——一个由年轻人领导的非营利组织，故选D。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很短的时间内，他们的会议变成了行动，然后诞生了“清洁孩子”——一个由年轻人领导的非营利组织，决心在环境保护领域掀起波澜。A. research研究；B. education教育；C. monitoring监视；D. protected保护。根据后文“of cleaning up rubbish”可知，他们主要致力于保护环境。故选D。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉对环境的热爱始于清理垃圾的经历。A. experience经历；B. suggestion建议；C. description描述；D. guideline指导方针。根据后文“of cleaning up rubbish”指对环境的热爱始于清理垃圾的经历。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于卡什来说，海滩上的一根塑料吸管引起了他的注意。A. expressed表达；B. ignored忽视；C. raised引起，筹集；D. shared分享。根据上文“his awareness was”指引起注意，应用动词raise。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时他意识到成千上万的海洋生物面临的危险，它们最终可能会因为吃了塑料而死亡。A. choice选择；B. danger危险；C. truth真理；D. charge电量。根据后文“because of eating plastics”可知，海洋生物面临死亡的危险。故选B。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这时他意识到成千上万的海洋生物面临的危险，它们最终可能会因为吃了塑料而死亡。A. keep from阻止；B. end up结束；C. focus on集中；D. worry about担心。根据后文“dying because of eating plastics”可知，成千上万的海洋生物最终可能会因为吃了塑料而死亡，end up doing sth.表示“最终做某事”。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们共同领导着“清洁孩子”组织，该组织目前在全球拥有200多名成员，而且还在增加。A. members成员；B. leaders领导；C. visitors游客；D. friends朋友。根据后文“it’s not just hundreds of kids”指该组织目前在全球拥有200多名成员，故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡什说：“我希望不仅仅是几百个孩子加入我们，而是产生连锁反应。”A. loving爱；B. needing需要；C. joining加入；D. calling打电话。根据上文“They are co-leading the Cleanup Kids, which now has over 200”此处指几百个孩子加入他们的组织。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成员的职责包括清理、分类和回收垃圾。A. behaviors行为；B. strategies策略；C. responsibilities责任；D. challenges挑战。后文“conducting cleanup, sorting and recycling rubbish”是这一组织成员的职责。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年如何开始产生影响？A. impact影响；B. request需要；C. plan计划；D. statement陈述。此处呼应上文“We knew we could make a”指青少年如何产生影响，后文给出了艾拉的回答。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾拉的建议是从小事做起。A. early早的；B. young年轻的；C. slow缓慢的；D. small小的。根据后文“I started with just a couple of cleanups with my family(我先和我的家人做了几次清理)”可知，此处指从生活中的小事做起。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“请记住，青少年可能只占人口的一小部分，但我们是100%的未来，”她补充道。A. world世界；B. future未来；C. society社会；D. moment时刻。根据上文“teenagers may be only a small part of the population, but we’re 100 percent of the”可知，青少年如今只占人口的一小部分，但他们是100%的未来。故选B。
Passage 3
（23-24高一下·陕西汉中·期末）It’s been nearly seven years since a group of volunteers from a nonprofit organization, What Cheer Flower Farm, 31 ground at a farm in Providence, Rhode Island. They only have one simple 32 : to send flowers into the hands of anyone in need of a pick-me-up. Best of all, each one of the tens of thousands of flowers that What Cheer Flower Farm grows and delivers are 33 free of charge. “We want to blanket the state with flowers and spread happiness and 34 ,” says Erin Achenbach, the head florist of What Cheer Flower Farm.
What Cheer Flower Farm 35 brings blooming joy and happiness to people at local hospitals, food banks, senior centers, recovery centers and more, including AIDS Care Ocean State. “ 36 the smiles on people’s faces who weren’t expecting it — they just came in to ask about the programs — is 37 ,” says Stephen Hogan Jr. from AIDS Care Ocean State.
What Cheer Flower Farm 38 in a rusted (锈迹斑斑的) industrial neighborhood in Providence, covering an area of about 12,140 square 39 that once housed a knife factory. In May, the organization was 40 a record-high $500,000 grant from the Environmental Protection Agency for its continued revitalization (振兴) of a brownfield site, an abandoned land 41 industrial pollution.
“Not only do we revive this space, which was quite nearly 42 ,” says Achenbach, “but also this is an eco-landing spot with the ability to 43 a home for the local insects and birds. That will 44 a win-win outcome, lighting up people’s lives and supporting the local ecosystem.” What cheer, indeed! “What’s good about flowers is that they don’t 45 anything else. People’s only job is to admire them when someone gives them flowers.”
31．A．hosted B．broke C．represented D．harmed
32．A．fantasy B．rocket C．range D．goal
33．A．completely B．definitely C．eventually D．fortunately
34．A．fear B．label C．joy D．attitude
35．A．regularly B．previously C．originally D．ordinarily
36．A．Biting B．Reflecting C．Differing D．Seeing
37．A．awkward B．typical C．pleasant D．strange
38．A．folds B．locates C．seeks D．adopts
39．A．meters B．minutes C．seconds D．hours
40．A．lost B．settled C．awarded D．admitted
41．A．except for B．according to C．instead of D．because of
42．A．easy B．dead C．popular D．diverse
43．A．provide B．response C．pay D．illustrate
44．A．clap B．rank C．have D．avoid
45．A．click B．find C．assume D．need
【答案】
31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一群来自What Cheer Flower Farm的志愿者，在罗德岛普罗维登斯的一片曾是刀具工厂的废弃土地上种植花卉，旨在免费赠送鲜花给需要提振精神的人们，为医院、食品银行等地带去欢乐与幸福。他们不仅美化环境，还支持当地生态系统，获得了环保署的资助，展现了社区服务与生态保护的双赢局面。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自非营利组织What Cheer Flower Farm的一群志愿者在罗德岛州普罗维登斯的一个农场破土动工已经将近七年了。A. hosted主办；B. broke打破，开始（动工）；C. represented代表；D. harmed伤害。根据上文“It’s been nearly seven years since a group of volunteers from a nonprofit organization”，可知这里描述的是志愿者在一个农场开始工作，因此“broke ground”（破土动工）最符合语境。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只有一个简单的目标：将鲜花送到任何需要提振精神的人手中。A. fantasy幻想；B. rocket火箭；C. range范围；D. goal目标。根据下文的描述“to send flowers into the hands of anyone in need of a pick-me-up”，可知志愿者们有明确的目的，因此“goal”（目标）最恰当。故选D。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最好的是，What Cheer Flower Farm种植并送出的成千上万朵鲜花完全免费。A. completely完全地；B. definitely肯定地；C. eventually最终；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“free of charge”，可知这里强调的是所有花朵都不收取费用，因此“completely”（完全地）最合适。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们想要用鲜花覆盖整个州，传播幸福和欢乐，”What Cheer Flower Farm的首席花商Erin Achenbach说。A. fear恐惧；B. label标签；C. joy欢乐；D. attitude态度。根据上文的“spread happiness”和下文“brings blooming joy and happiness to people”，可以推断出与之并列的应该是“joy”（欢乐）。故选C。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：What Cheer Flower Farm定期给当地医院、食品银行、老年人中心、康复中心等场所带来盛开的喜悦和快乐，包括海洋州艾滋病护理中心。A. regularly定期地；B. previously先前地；C. originally最初地；D. ordinarily通常地。根据下文“brings blooming joy and happiness to people at local hospitals, food banks, senior centers, recovery centers and more, including AIDS Care Ocean State.”，可知这里描述的是组织持续进行的行为，因此“regularly”（定期地）最恰当。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“看到那些没有预料到会收到鲜花的人脸上的笑容——他们只是进来询问有关项目的信息——真是太令人愉快了，”海洋州艾滋病护理中心的小Stephen Hogan说。A. Biting咬；B. Reflecting反映；C. Differing不同；D. Seeing看到。根据下文“the smiles on people’s faces”，可知这里描述的是观察到人们收到意外礼物时的表情，因此“Seeing”（看到）最合适。故选D。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. awkward尴尬的；B. typical典型的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“they just came in to ask about the programs”，可知这里指看到别人因为收到鲜花而露出的笑容的反应，因此“pleasant”（愉快的）最合适。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：What Cheer Flower Farm位于普罗维登斯一个锈迹斑斑的工业区，占地约12,140平方米，这里曾经是一家刀具工厂。A. folds折叠；B. locates位于；C. seeks寻求；D. adopts采用。根据下文“in a rusted (锈迹斑斑的) industrial neighborhood in Providence, covering an area of about 12,140 square”，可知这里描述的是组织的位置，因此“locates”（位于）最恰当。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. meters米；B. minutes分钟；C. seconds秒；D. hours小时。根据上文“covering an area of about 12,140 square”，可知这里描述的是面积单位，因此“square meters”（平方米）最合适。故选A。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：5月，该组织被环境保护局授予创纪录的50万美元赠款，以继续振兴一块棕地，即因工业污染而废弃的土地。A. lost失去；B. settled解决；C. awarded授予；D. admitted承认。根据下文 a record-high $500,000 grant from the Environmental Protection Agency for its continued revitalization (振兴) of a brownfield site”，可知这里描述的是获得资金支持，因此“awarded”（授予）最恰当。故选C。
41．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. except for除了；B. according to根据；C. instead of而不是；D. because of因为。根据上下文“an abandoned land”和“industrial pollution”，可知这里描述的是土地成为废弃地的原因，因此“because of”（因为）最合适。故选D。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Achenbach说：“我们不仅复兴了这个几乎已经死亡的空间，而且这是一个生态着陆点，能够为当地的昆虫和鸟类提供家园。这将产生双赢的结果，照亮人们的生活，同时支持当地的生态系统。”A. easy容易的；B. dead死的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. diverse多样的。根据上文“an abandoned land”和“Not only do we revive this space, which was quite nearly”，可知这里描述的是空间原本的状态，因此“dead”（死的，无生命的，比喻为废弃的）最恰当。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. provide提供；B. response回应；C. pay支付；D. illustrate说明。根据下文“a home for the local insects and birds”，可知这里描述的是为野生动物创造栖息地，因此“provide”（提供）最合适。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意同12题。A. clap鼓掌；B. rank排名；C. have有；D. avoid避免。根据下文“a win-win outcome”，可知这里描述的是行为的结果，因此“have”（有，导致，产生（影响））最恰当。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲜花的好处在于它们不需要任何其他东西。A. click点击；B. find找到；C. assume假设；D. need需要。根据下文“People’s only job is to admire them when someone gives them flowers.”（人们唯一的工作就是当有人送花时欣赏它们），可知这里描述的是鲜花的特性，即不需要额外的维护或关注，因此“need”（需要）最合适。故选D。
主题01 人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·湖南长沙·期末）When I was 24, I moved to America, 11,000 kilometers away from my homeland. This was 46 , especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment. Working from home increased my 47 , as I was cut off from social activities. However, serving as a volunteer at a local animal shelter (收容所) 48 everything.
Upon arriving at the shelter, I was 49 to a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately. Found abandoned and afraid of humans, Luna 50 in the corner, shaking. Her lonely green eyes seemed to 51 my own sense of displacement in this foreign land. My task was to slowly gain Luna’s 52 and help her adjust, which felt 53 to my efforts to adapt to this new place.
54 days turned into weeks, Luna and I developed a bond. The process of feeding her, speaking softly, and the 55 required to look after her made this little creature gradually open her heart to me. Her 56 encouraged me to step outside, make new friends, and become part of the community.
My time at the shelter provided a valuable insight into 57 in a new country. It is an inspiring experience of 58 gaps of language and culture and a journey of personal growth. From it, I realized the value of time, love, and a(n) 59 heart in forming meaningful relationships. This journey aided me in finding a sense of 60 in an unfamiliar land.
46．A．shocking B．significant C．tough D．ignorant
47．A．loneliness B．fortune C．intelligence D．boredom
48．A．promoted B．changed C．challenged D．destroyed
49．A．pushed B．donated C．attracted D．devoted
50．A．disappeared B．relaxed C．located D．hid
51．A．observe B．reflect C．declare D．control
52．A．credit B．trust C．reaction D．favor
53．A．beneficial B．precious C．harmful D．similar
54．A．Until B．While C．As D．Since
55．A．patience B．independence C．intelligence D．guidance
56．A．devotion B．curiosity C．defence D．acceptance
57．A．settling down B．setting up C．speeding up D．passing down
58．A．widening B．bridging C．removing D．creating
59．A．sensitive B．simple C．open D．warm
60．A．belonging B．achievement C．responsibility D．freedom
【答案】
46．C 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．A 56．D 57．A 58．B 59．C 60．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者移居美国后，通过在动物收容所做志愿者逐渐适应新环境并找到归属感的故事。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很艰难，尤其是要融入一个陌生的环境。A. shocking令人震惊的；B. significant重要的；C. tough艰难的；D. ignorant无知的。根据后文“especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment”可知，融入陌生环境是艰难的。故选C。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在家工作增加了我的孤独感，因为我与社会活动隔绝了。A. loneliness孤独；B. fortune运气；C. intelligence智力；D. boredom无聊。根据后文“as I was cut off from social activities”可知，与社会活动隔绝增加了孤独感。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在当地动物收容所做志愿者改变了一切。A. promoted促进；B. changed改变；C. challenged挑战；D. destroyed破坏。根据前文“However”可知，前后情况相反，志愿者工作改变了之前的状况。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一到收容所，我立刻被一只名叫露娜的小灰白猫吸引住了。A. pushed推；B. donated捐赠；C. attracted吸引；D. devoted奉献。根据后文“Found abandoned and afraid of humans, Luna ___5___ in the corner, shaking. Her lonely green eyes seemed to ___6___ my own sense of displacement in this foreign land.”可知，作者对小猫非常关注，所以作者被小猫露娜吸引住了。故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：露娜被遗弃，害怕人类，躲在角落里发抖。A. disappeared消失；B

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