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2024人教版新版八年级下册英语单元完整复习学案（含答案解析）
Unit 2 Stay healthy
使用说明：本学案完全匹配新版教材考点，涵盖知识目标、基础识记、语法精讲、分层习题、满分写作、全套答案解析，适配课堂复习、课后巩固、单元自测。
班级：________ 姓名：________ 总分：________
一、单元核心学习目标
1. 知识目标
熟练掌握身体部位、身体不适、健康生活方式类核心词汇及固定短语；掌握询问身体状况、描述病痛、给出健康建议的高频句型；精通单元核心语法情态动词should / shouldn’t 表建议的用法及场景运用。
2. 能力目标
能听懂、读懂健康话题对话与短文，准确识别身体不适、健康习惯相关信息；能熟练用英语描述身体症状、给出合理健康建议；可独立完成各类单元考点题型。
3. 写作目标
能围绕“健康生活方式、如何保持健康、改善不良习惯”主题，书写80词左右短文，做到句式规范、逻辑清晰、建议合理、语法零失误。
二、基础核心知识梳理（必背必默）
（一）重点单词（含词形变换+释义）
1. health /helθ/ n. 健康 → healthy adj. 健康的 → unhealthy adj. 不健康的（反义词）
2. fever / fi v (r)/ n. 发烧
3. cough /k f/ n.&v. 咳嗽
4. headache / hede k/ n. 头痛
5. stomachache / st m ke k/ n. 胃痛；腹痛
6. toothache / tu θe k/ n. 牙痛
7. sore /s (r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
8. rest /rest/ n.&v. 休息
9. exercise / eks sa z/ n.&v. 锻炼；运动
10. sleep /sli p/ v.&n. 睡觉；睡眠 → sleepy adj. 困倦的
11. medicine / medsn/ n. 药
12. improve / m pru v/ v. 改善；改进
13. daily / de li/ adj. 日常的 adv. 每天
14. enough / n f/ adj.&adv. 足够的/地
（二）高频核心短语（单元必考）
1. stay/keep healthy 保持健康
2. have a fever 发烧
3. have a cold 感冒
4. have a headache 头痛
5. have a stomachache 胃痛
6. have a toothache 牙痛
7. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
8. have a sore back 背痛
9. get enough sleep 获得充足睡眠
10. do/take exercise 做运动；锻炼
11. take medicine 吃药
12. lie down and rest 躺下休息
13. drink enough water 喝足够的水
14. healthy eating habits 健康的饮食习惯
15. too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）
16. be bad for 对……有害
17. be good for 对……有益
（三）单元重点句型（背诵+仿写）
1. —What’s wrong with you / What’s the matter with you 你怎么了？
—I have a + 病痛名词. 我……不舒服。
例句：—What’s wrong with you —I have a headache.
仿写：—你怎么了？—我胃痛。______________________________
2. You should + 动词原形. 你应该做……（给出健康建议）
例句：You should lie down and rest.
仿写：你应该多喝热水。______________________________
3. You shouldn’t + 动词原形.你不应该做……（劝阻不良习惯）
例句：You shouldn’t stay up late.
仿写：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。______________________________
4. It’s important to do sth. to stay healthy. 做某事对保持健康很重要。
例句：It’s important to get enough sleep to stay healthy.
仿写：坚持运动对保持健康很重要。______________________________
5. Doing sth. is good/bad for our health. 做某事对健康有益/有害。
例句：Eating vegetables is good for our health.
仿写：熬夜对我们的健康有害。______________________________
三、核心语法精讲：情态动词should / shouldn’t（单元唯一核心语法）
1. 核心用法
本单元情态动词 should / shouldn’t 主要用于提出建议、给出劝告、表达正确的做法，是健康话题必考语法。
肯定结构：should + 动词原形（无人称、数、时态变化）
否定结构：shouldn’t + 动词原形
一般疑问：Should + 主语 + 动词原形？
2. 场景运用
3. 语法易错点
错误：You should to drink water.
正确：You should drink water.（should后直接加动词原形，不加to）
错误：He shoulds sleep early.
正确：He should sleep early.（情态动词无三单变化）
语法专项填空
1. You ________ (should) go to bed early. It’s good for your health.
2. You ________ (not) eat too much junk food. (shouldn’t)
3. She has a fever. She ________ (should) drink more hot water.
4. ________ I ________ (take) some medicine (should, take)
5. We ________ (should) exercise every day to keep healthy.
四、分层专项习题（基础+提升+拔高）
基础层：单项选择（夯实基础）
（ ）1. —______ wrong with you —I have a sore throat.
A. What’s B. How’s C. Where’s D. When’s
（ ）2. You ______ exercise every day. It’s good ______ you.
A. should; for B. should; at C. shouldn’t; for D. shouldn’t; at
（ ）3. My sister has a ______, so she can’t eat anything hard.
A. headache B. toothache C. fever D. cold
（ ）4. You ______ stay up late. It is bad for your health.
A. should B. shouldn’t C. need D. must
（ ）5. It’s important ______ enough sleep every day.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets
提升层：句型转换（每空一词）
1. I have a stomachache.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ wrong with you
2. You should drink more water.（改为否定句）
You ______ ______ more water.
3. You should go to bed early.（改为一般疑问句）
______ ______ go to bed early
4. Eating too much junk food is bad for you.（同义句转换）
Eating too much junk food ______ ______ ______ your health.
拔高层：短文填空（用所给词适当形式填空）
healthy, sleep, exercise, should, bad, rest, drink, habit
It’s very important for us to keep (1)______. Many students have some (2)______ habits. They stay up late and don’t get enough (3)______. This is (4)______ for their health.
We (5)______ have good living habits. First, we should (6)______ every day. Second, we should (7)______ plenty of water. Third, when we feel tired, we should have a good (8)______. Good habits help us stay healthy all the time.
五、单元写作专项（必考话题：How to Stay Healthy）
写作题目
健康是学习和生活的基础，请以 How to Stay Healthy 为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文，介绍保持身体健康的方法、需要改掉的不良习惯，倡导健康生活方式。
写作思路
1. 开头：点明健康的重要性；
2. 中间：分点介绍具体健康方法（饮食、运动、作息）+ 杜绝坏习惯；
3. 结尾：总结倡议，坚持健康习惯。
万能高分句型
1. It is very important for us to stay healthy.
2. We should develop good living and eating habits.
3. Doing exercise every day is good for our body.
4. We shouldn’t stay up late or eat too much junk food.
5. Good habits help us keep healthy and study better.
How to Stay Healthy
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
满分范文
How to Stay Healthy
Health is the most important thing for everyone. It helps us study better and live a happy life. So we must try our best to stay healthy.
Here are some good ways to keep healthy. First, we should have healthy eating habits. We need to eat more vegetables and fruit. Second, we should exercise every day. It can make our bodies strong. Third, we should get enough sleep and never stay up late. We shouldn’t eat too much junk food, because it is bad for our health.
In a word, good habits bring us good health. Let’s keep healthy every day.
六、全套参考答案与详细解析
（一）句型仿写答案
1. —What’s wrong with you —I have a stomachache.
2. You should drink more hot water.
3. You shouldn’t eat too much junk food.
4. It’s important to exercise to stay healthy.
5. Staying up late is bad for our health.
（二）语法专项填空答案
1. should 2. shouldn’t 3. should 4. Should; take 5. should
（三）单项选择答案及解析
1. A 解析：固定句型 What’s wrong with you 你怎么了？
2. A 解析：should表建议应该锻炼；be good for 对……有益，固定搭配。
3. B 解析：牙痛无法吃硬东西，符合语境。
4. B 解析：熬夜有害健康，shouldn’t 表不应该做某事。
5. B 解析：固定句型 It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的。
（四）句型转换答案
1. What’s wrong
2. shouldn’t drink
3. Should you
4. does harm to
（五）短文填空答案
(1) healthy (2) bad (3) sleep (4) bad (5) should (6) exercise (7) drink (8) rest

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