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人教版新版八年级下册英语复习学案
Unit 5 Nature’s Temper
使用说明：本学案完全匹配新版教材考点，涵盖知识目标、基础识记、语法精讲、分层习题、满分写作、全套答案解析，适配课堂复习、课后巩固、单元自测。
班级：________ 姓名：________ 总分：________
一、单元复习目标
词汇：掌握自然灾害、恶劣天气、应急避险类单词，熟练词形变形、灾害相关固定短语，做到拼写、翻译、灵活运用。
句型：掌握过去进行时问答句型、描述灾害突发场景、防灾建议类句型，能独立仿写叙事句子。
语法：吃透过去进行时（was/were doing），分清 when 与 while 用法，掌握过去进行时与一般过去时搭配描述突发灾害。
写作：围绕 “一次恶劣天气 / 自然灾害经历” 写 80 词记叙文，交代事件经过、当时正在做的事、避险做法与个人感悟。
二、基础知识过关
（一）核心单词（英汉互译 + 词形变换）
temper n. 脾气 → __________ adj. 易怒的
nature n. 自然 → __________ adj. 自然的
warn v. 警告 → __________ n. 警告；警示
sudden adj. 突然的 → __________ adv. 突然地
survive v. 幸存 → __________ n. 生存；幸存
prepare v. 准备 → __________ n. 准备工作
calm adj. 平静的 v. 使冷静 → __________ adv. 冷静地
severe adj. 严重的 → __________ adv. 严重地
flood n. 洪水 v. 淹没 → __________ adj. 洪水泛滥的
power n. 电力；力量 → __________ adj. 有电的；强大的
地震 n. __________
台风 n. __________
暴风雪 n. __________
屋顶 n. __________
相对；亲戚 n. __________
（二）重点短语（默写巩固）
1. 大自然的脾气（自然灾害）____________________
2. 自然灾害 ____________________
3.保持冷静 ____________________
4.为…… 做准备 ____________________
5.突然；猛地 ____________________
6.到…… 时候 ____________________
7.远离 ____________________
8.对…… 造成损害 ____________________
9.发出警报；响起 ____________________
10.救援队 ____________________
11.应急物资 ____________________
12.因此；结果 ____________________
13.保护…… 免受…… 伤害 ____________________
14.陷入危险 ____________________
15.上气不接下气 ____________________
（三）核心句型（背诵 + 仿写）
1.What were you doing when... 当…… 发生时你正在做什么？ 例句：What were you doing when the rainstorm came 仿写：地震来临时你正在做什么？______________________________
2.主语 + was/were doing + when + 一般过去时 例句：I was reading when the wind blew strongly. 仿写：我正在做家务，突然台风预警响了。______________________________
3.While + 过去进行时，主句过去进行时 两件事同时持续发生 例句：While my mom was packing supplies, my dad was closing windows. 仿写：暴雨下的时候，我们一家人正在整理应急物资。______________________________
4.It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是…… 的（防灾建议） 例句：It’s dangerous to stay near tall trees in a typhoon. 仿写：地震时保持冷静很重要。______________________________
5.We should...to keep safe. 我们应该…… 来保证安全 例句：We should stay away from windows during a snowstorm. 仿写：台风来临前我们应该提前做好准备。______________________________
三、核心语法精讲：过去进行时 Past Continuous
1. 基本含义
表示过去某个时刻 / 某段时间正在进行的动作，本单元专门用来描述灾害突发瞬间人们正在做的事。
2. 完整结构
肯定句：主语 + was/were + doing I was sleeping. / They were doing chores.
否定句：主语 + was/were not (wasn’t/weren’t) + doing
一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + doing…
3. when & while 核心区分（必考）
when 后接短暂性动词（一般过去时），表示动作突然打断正在进行的动作 I was walking when it rained.
while 后接延续性动词（过去进行时），两件长动作同时发生 While she was cooking, I was cleaning the room.
4. 动词 ing 变化规则
直接加 - ing：work→working
不发音 e 结尾，去 e 加 - ing：prepare→preparing
辅元辅重读闭音节，双写尾字母：run→running, sit→sitting
5. 语法易错点
不能单独用过去进行时，必须搭配过去时间点 /when/while；短暂突发动作用一般过去时。
语法专项填空（用所给词正确形式填空）
1.I ________ (watch) TV when the heavy rain started last night.
2.While my parents ________ (talk), a strong wind blew outside.
3.________ you ________ (sleep) when the alarm went off (be, sleep)
4.He wasn’t reading. He ________ (help) his grandma prepare supplies.
5.All of a sudden, the floor shook. We ________ (stand) in the living room at that time.
四、单元专项提升练习
（一）基础层：单项选择
（ ）1.—What ______ you ______ at 7:00 last night
—I was cleaning my room.
A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing
（ ）2.I was walking home ______ the typhoon warning went off.
A. while B. when C. since D. if
（ ）3.We should make preparations ______ bad weather to keep safe.
A. for B. to C. with D. at
（ ）4.______ a sudden, dark clouds covered the sky and it began to rain heavily.
A. In B. On C. All D. At
（ ）5.It’s dangerous ______ stay close to tall buildings in an earthquake.
A. to B. for C. of D. /
（二）提升层：句型转换（每空一词）
1.I was doing chores when the flood came.（改为一般疑问句）
______ you ______ chores when the flood came
They were staying inside while the snowstorm lasted.（改为否定句）
They ______ ______ inside while the snowstorm lasted.
He was reading books at that time yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ he ______ at that time yesterday
We should stay calm in danger.（同义句）
______ ______ to stay calm when we are in danger.
（三）拔高层：短文填空
sudden, warn, prepare, calm, flood, survive, while, danger
Nature has its temper and brings natural disasters. Last week, there was a heavy (1)______ in our town. At first, no one took the weather (2)______ seriously. (3)______ my mom (4)______ food at home, heavy rain poured down all of a sudden. We learned to stay (5)______ and move to higher ground. Many people didn’t make any (6), so they were in great (7). This terrible experience tells us we must learn skills to (8)______ natural disasters.
五、单元写作专项
写作题目
一次恶劣天气总会给我们留下深刻印象，请以 A Terrible Rainstorm 为题，写一篇 80 词左右记叙文，描述暴雨来临的经过、当时你和家人正在做的事、你们的应对方法以及你的感悟。
写作思路
开头：交代事件时间，引出突发暴雨；
中间：用过去进行时描写家人当时的动作、暴雨来袭的场景、全家避险准备；
结尾：总结感悟，学会防灾、敬畏自然。
万能高分句型
1.All of a sudden, the heavy rain beat against the windows.
2.I was doing my homework when the strong wind came.
3.While my dad closed the windows, my mom prepared emergency supplies.
4.We kept calm and moved away from dangerous places.
5.This experience teaches us to make preparations for bad weather.
A Terrible Rainstorm
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、参考答案与解析
（一）核心单词变形
1.temperamental 2. natural 3. warning 4. suddenly 5. survival
6.preparation 7. calmly 8. severely 9. flooded 10. powerful
11.earthquake 12. typhoon 13. snowstorm 14. roof 15. relative
（二）重点短语默写答案
1. Nature’s temper 2.natural disasters 3.stay/keep calm 4.make preparations for / prepare for 5.all of a sudden 6.by the time 7.stay away from 8.cause damage to 9.go off
10. rescue team 11.emergency supplies 12.as a result 13.protect…from… 14.in danger
15. out of breath
（三）句型仿写参考答案
1. What were you doing when the earthquake happened
2. I was doing chores when the typhoon warning went off all of a sudden.
3. While it was raining heavily, my family were sorting emergency supplies.
4. It’s important to stay calm during an earthquake.
5. We should make preparations before the typhoon comes.
（四）语法专项填空
1.was watching 2. were talking 3. Were; sleeping 4. was helping 5. were standing
（五）单项选择答案及解析
1.C 解析：at 7:00 last night 过去具体时刻，用过去进行时。
2.B 解析：when 后接短暂动作 “预警响起”，打断正在走路的动作。
3.A 解析：make preparations for 为…… 做准备，固定搭配。
4.C 解析：all of a sudden 突然，固定短语。
5.A 解析：It’s + adj. + to do sth. 固定句型。 答案：1-5 CBACA
（六）句型转换
1.Were; doing 2.weren’t staying 3.What was; doing4.It’s important
（七）短文填空
(1) flood (2) warning (3) While (4) was preparing (5) calm (6) preparations (7) danger (8) survive
（八）满分范文
A Terrible Rainstorm
Last Saturday afternoon, a terrible rainstorm hit our town. All of a sudden, dark clouds covered the sky and strong winds blew hard.
At that moment, I was doing my homework in my room. My dad was fixing the roof while my mom was putting away outdoor things. The rain beat heavily against the windows soon. We stayed calm and moved all valuable things away from the ground.
The storm passed after two hours. I learn that we should always make full preparations for bad weather and respect nature’s temper.

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