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2025-2026学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题
二、语法填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.
Coping With the Sunday Scaries
A few years ago, I was in the kitchen of a friend’s house preparing a meal. When we all sat down to eat, my friend’s wife wolfed down her supper and then disappeared into another room to do some work. He smiled and said, “Sunday nights are the new Monday mornings around here.”
I was surprised at the time. Now, I find myself ____21____ (behave) in exactly the same manner. Every time I open up my calendar on Sunday evening, a subtle sense of dread comes over me. I feel ____22____ I am behind before the week has even begun.
Apparently, my Sunday-night anxieties and Monday-morning blues are not unique to me alone. A new study led by Ilke Inceoglu from the University of Exeter found that these Sunday scaries were particularly pronounced among people who frequently checked their emails during the weekend, had tasks ____23____ (leave) over from the previous week, and had unreasonably high expectations ____24____ themselves. These matters seem to be made worse as a result of the pandemic, where the rise of working from home ____25____ (blur) the boundaries between work and leisure since then.
What should we do about the “Sunday scaries” Researchers have offered some useful suggestions that ____26____ help us make Monday less depressing. One is to change ____27____ you think about the weekend. One U.S. study found that when participants ____28____ (ask) to treat their weekend as a mini-vacation, they tended to do more cheerful activities and returned to work on Monday satisfied with their jobs. The second way is to redesign our Monday so that it has some of the features ____29____ make us feel good during the weekend. Introducing simple changes, such as setting up a lunchtime date with ____30____ is enjoyable to be around, could make all the difference.
三、选词填空
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. crucial B. exploited C. extend D. shifting E. maturity F. overlooked G. measures H. subject I. survival J. extent K. inhabit
Deepwater Sharks Are Threatened by Demand for Liver Oil
The growing demand for shark liver oil, used in various products like dietary supplements and cosmetics, is endangering deepwater shark species, which ____31____ depths of at least 200 meters below the surface. These sharks, adapted to thriving in the deep ocean, are being targeted due to the high levels of squalene (角鲨烯) found in their livers, which is used in skincare and vaccine production.
According to a recent study published in Science, one in seven known shark and rare species face extinction due to overfishing driven by the demand for liver oil and meat. Deepwater species are particularly vulnerable due to their slow growth, late ____32____, and low reproduction rates. With some species taking decades to grow up and only producing one or two pups every few years, they are highly ____33____ to overfishing.
As coastal fishing areas run out of fish, fishing efforts are ____34____ further offshore, targeting previously inaccessible deepwater species. The study reveals that a third of the known threatened deep-sea shark and rare species are already being ____35____, with half of the species facing extinction.
Conservationists emphasize the need for strong policies based on scientific evidence to protect these deep-sea species. Identifying and safeguarding critical areas such as mating grounds and egg-laying sites are ____36____. Additionally, regulations must be strengthened at national and international levels to ensure trade practices and prevent further decline in shark populations.
While previous conservation efforts primarily focused on well-known coastal and oceanic shark species, there is growing recognition of the need to ____37____ protections to deepwater sharks. Efforts under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) should be expanded to include deep-sea species, such as the prickly dogfish, which are often ____38____ but play a vital role in marine ecosystems.
Scientists and conservationists hope that raising awareness about the plight (困境) of deepwater sharks will lead to increased conservation efforts and protection ____39____.By dealing with the threats facing these unique and fascinating creatures, we can ensure the ____40____ of deep-sea species for future generations.
四、完形填空
“Find your passion!” This inspiring injunction is woven into the fabric of American culture. But is it good advice
“Finding” a passion implies that it already 41 and is simply waiting to be discovered. But science tells us that passions are developed. They often begin with a spark of 42 about a subject and later, through a process involving repeated engagement, positive experiences and accumulated (累积的) knowledge, people come to value that content or activity and 43 it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to 44 , a passion can emerge.
In several studies, we and our colleagues have found that misunderstanding this idea can hold people back, 45 , our latest research reveals that there are ways to correct course and cultivate a more open, accurate perspective about interest.
To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and “growth” mindsets. In school, conceiving of one’s intellectual abilities as 46 can be detrimental, whereas believing one can develop and grow skills supports greater learning. We argue for a separate but 47 idea: people who think interests and passions are inherent and relatively 48 have a fixed mindset of interest. In contrast, people who view interests and passions as developed have a growth mindset of interest.
The latter comes with many 49 . A fixed mindset of interest, for example, may inhibit exploration and creativity. In our studies, arts students with a fixed mindset expressed less interest in scientific topics than arts students with a growth mindset — and science students with a fixed mindset had less interest in the arts than those with a growth mindset. We have also found that those with a fixed mindset are less likely than those with a growth mindset to generate novel solutions that 50 different disciplines.
People with a fixed mindset of interest tend to expect their passions to come 51 to them. In one study we sparked people’s interest in a topic that was 52 for them — the science of black holes — with a fun, easy-to-understand animated video about Stephen Hawking’s theories. But when we asked our participants to read a technical article on black holes, people with a fixed mindset became frustrated and came to dislike the topic. Those with a growth mindset maintained their newfound interest despite the 53 .
We also believe people can independently foster a growth mindset of interest. Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found.” Take an active role in 54 them: indulge your curiosities and don’t expect new pursuits to always be easy or exciting.
A growth mindset will help you remain open and curious. The saying “find something you love to do, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life” needs 55 . If you work at loving what you do, you might become more creative and resilient.
41. A．exists B．happens C．occurs D．remains
42. A．curiosity B．envy C．hope D．memory
43. A．capture B．internalize C．materialize D．realize
44. A．appear B．intensify C．multiply D．repeat
45. A．Fortunately B．Interestingly C．Surprisingly D．Typically
46. A．exchangeable B．fixed C．inferior D．superior
47. A．combined B．conflicted C．related D．twisted
48. A．inconsistent B．independent C．unnoticeable D．unchangeable
49. A．advantages B．challenges C．profits D．setbacks
50. A．integrate B．observe C．reject D．apply
51. A．closely B．easily C．instantly D．gently
52. A．familiar B．hot C．indifferent D．new
53. A．difference B．difficulty C．isolation D．neglect
54. A．developing B．discovering C．preserving D．perceiving
55. A．improving B．modifying C．explaining D．upgrading当前文件内容过长，豆包只阅读了前 19%。
五、阅读理解
A
Post-00s is a documentary about growing up. It covers almost every aspect of millennials’ experiences on their path toward adolescence — their struggles with schoolwork, their relationship with peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents. But this five-episode series was different from any other TV program with a similar theme.
Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words, the show’s “characters” grow older for real, and their stories are all real.
“Coming-of-age” stories, as they’re known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosity of looking at someone else’s life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in advance, we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of reality. After all, there’s no rewriting of the script and there’s no turning back — this is real life.
This realness can also be seen in Boyhood, a 2014 film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the film follows the life of Mason Jr — played by US actor Ellar Coltrane — from when he was 6 to when he finished high school.
One of Boyhood’s appeals comes from its “ordinariness”. Mason Jr isn’t some child genius... He is a quietly spoken, fairly typical American boy, growing up in the Texas suburbs. He likes riding his bike and playing video games.
While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinary — the power of life itself.
56. In the documentary, we see post-00’s growing experience EXCEPT ________.
A．how they deal with their studies
B．how they help look after brothers or sisters
C．how they get along with people of their age
D．how much they long to be independent of their
57. What do Post-00 and Boyhood have in common
A．They’re intended to win an award for best director.
B．The heroes and heroines are characters themselves.
C．They’re a kind of reality show of ordinary kids’ growth.
D．The stories are based on true life but polished by writers.
58. Audience are interested in “coming-of-age” stories because ________.
A．they can see the truth of life
B．they know the characters well
C．they are much fond of gossip
D．they appreciate stories of daily life
59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A．Post-00s are different geniuses
B．Actors are ordinary characters
C．Documentary is real life
D．Life is one big story
B
Things you need to know about your STRESS right now
After 60 years of research, scientists have determined what provokes stress. There's even a handy acronym: NUTS.
N is for Novelty: This is something new you've not experienced before, like the first day of school or a new job.
U is for Unpredictability: When you don't know how something is going to take shape, as is the case during a trip to the dentist.
T is for Threat to the Ego: When your competence is threatened, such as in front of colleagues. We're very sensitive to this.
S is for Sense of Control: When you feel you have little or no control over the situation, like being stuck in traffic.
It's helpful to identify your sources of stress, because a problem well-defined is a problem almost solved. The opposite of stress is not relaxation---it's resilience. If you tell your brain that you can deal with this, it will stop producing the stress hormone and you will calm down
Get on your bike!
15 MINUTES LATER
A 2013 study out of Japan showed a marked drop in people's stress levels after they pedalled for just 15 minutes on a stationary bike.
AN HOUR LATER
Researchers found in 2015 that, compared to their cycling colleagues, those who drove or took the subway breathed more shallowly an hour later---a sure sign of stress.
18 YEARS LATER
After following 17,985 adult commuters for 18 years, U.K. researchers discovered in 2014 that those who walked or biked reported being happier, more confident and better able to face their problems.
①____________
In a 2015 study, researchers subjected 66 teen girls to a stress test. Some of them held their mothers' hands during the test; others had to go it alone. The girls who had contact with their moms were able to manage stress more effectively. It's what psychologists refer to as emotional load sharing.
②____________
In a 2007 UCLA study, some patients hospitalized for heart failure spent 12 minutes with a therapy dog, while another group interacted with a volunteer. The dog crowd experienced greater decreases in their anxiety level compared to those patients whose visitors could actually talk back.
60. __________---may suffer the most stress relatively.
A．Luna, 19--she has well prepared for her first internship with the help of her mother.
B．Tom, 29-his first day of work starts at 9: 00 am, but he's in a traffic jam at 8: 50 am.
C．Karol, 39-she finally had her decayed tooth pulled out last Thursday at the dentist's.
D．Jenny, 49-her colleagues are planning to give her a farewell party and she's in the dark.
61. Which chart can best illustrate the effect of cycling
A． B．
C． D．
62. Which of the following may best suit the numbered blanks
A．①Raise your hand!②Find a volunteer companion!
B．①Raise your hand!②Get a furry companion!
C．① Hug your family!② Get furry companion!
D．①Hug your family!②Find a volunteer companion!
C
In the genetic age, ecologists’ jobs are made much easier by two things. One is that every organism carries its own chemical identity card, in the form of its genome (基因组). The second is that they drop these ID cards everywhere they go. Urine, bits of fur stuck to a hedge, even shed skin cells: all deposit DNA into the environment. Cheap gene sequencing allows scientists to harvest this “environmental DNA” (eDNA) from soil, sand, water and the like, and use it to keep track of which species are living where.
“Every organism,” of course, includes humans. In a paper published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, a group of researchers from America and Europe report that such eDNA surveys pick up large quantities of human DNA as well as the animal sort. That DNA can be read — and potentially matched with individuals — by anyone with the right equipment.
The researchers did not set out to study “inadvertent human genetic bycatch”, as they call the phenomenon. The work began at the Witney Sea Turtle Hospital in Florida, during an investigation into a viral turtle disease. The researchers sampled water from the turtle’s tanks, as well as from ocean water and beaches upon which the creatures nested, looking for viral DNA.
They expected to sweep up DNA from other species during their travel. What was surprising was just how much human DNA they found. Even though many of their sampling sites were not near towns and cities, they found human genetic material in every sample they examined.
Interested, they expanded their search. In both Florida and Ireland they found human DNA in rivers. They found it in beach sand, and even in air from rooms where humans had been working. Human DNA is not quite everywhere: it was not detectable in deep ocean water, or on remote beaches closed to the public. But anywhere that humans are, their DNA appears to be as well.
In one sense, that is unsurprising. But advances in gene-sequencing meant there was enough information in the samples to deduce (推断) plenty of things about the humans in question. The researchers could pick out males thanks to DNA from the Y chromosome. They could infer an individual’s ancestry, and even spot mutations (突变) that affect a person’s disease risk. David Duffy, an author of the paper, said the amount and quality of the DNA they recovered “far exceeded” the minimum necessary to be included in America’s database of missing people. Dr Duffy and his colleagues did not try to identify individuals in their study, for moral reasons. But they had no doubt it could be done.
63. Which of the following about eDNA is true according to the passage
A．It provides a way to track the migration of animals.
B．It allows researchers to restore individual organisms.
C．It can be easily collected from all types of environments.
D．It contains a wealth of genetic information about various species.
64. In this passage, the word “inadvertent” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．familiar
B．accidental
C．insensitive
D．regular
65. What can be inferred from the passage
A．The application of eDNA for identity confirmation has aroused concern.
B．As expected, the researchers detected much human eDNA in their search.
C．An individual’s gender and ancestry can be confirmed by means of eDNA.
D．eDNA is instrumental in upgrading America’s database of missing people.
66. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A．Unintended Discoveries in Turtle Disease Research
B．The Ecological Significance of Environmental DNA
C．Human DNA’s Prevalence in Environmental Samples
D．Using Genetic Information to Identify Missing Persons
D
Sleep may reduce mistakes in memory, according to a first-of-its kind study led by a scientist at Michigan State University. The findings, which appear in the September issue of the journal Learning & Memory, have practical implications for many people, from students doing multiple-choice tests to elderly people confusing their medicine, says Kimberly Fenn, principal investigator and assistant professor of psychology.
Fenn and colleagues from the University of Chicago and Washington University in St Louis studied the presence of incorrect or false memory in groups of college students. ____67____
Study participants were ‘trained’ by being shown or listening to lists of words. Then, twelve hours later, they were shown individual words and asked to identify which words they had seen or heard earlier. ____68____ Another group was trained at night tested twelve hours later in the morning, after about six hours of sleep. Three experiments were conducted. In each experiment, the results showed that students who had slept did not have as many problems with false memory and chose fewer incorrect words.
____69____ The answer isn’t known, Fenn said, but she suspects it may be due to sleep strengthening the source of the memory. The source, or context in which the information is acquired, is a vital element of the memory process. ____70____ Or perhaps the people who didn’t sleep as much during the study received so much other information during the day that this affected their memory ability, Fenn said.
A．Why does inadequate sleep weaken the source of memory
B．While previous research has shown that sleep improves memory, this study is the first one that looks at errors in memory.
C．Therefore, sleep may serve as an important source of memory.
D．One group of students was trained at 10 a.m. and tested at 10 p.m. after the course of a normal sleepless day.
E．In other words, it may be easier to remember something if you can also remember where you first heard or saw it.
F．How does sleep help
六、 概要写作
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is pared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents.
The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents.
It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents.
However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them.
Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work munities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society.
_______________________________________________________________________________
七、翻译
72. 应专家的要求，社会呼吁青少年减少使用电子设备。（call）
________________________________________________________________________________________
73. 据报道，地震灾区的居民已被紧急疏散，但仍有至少十名孩子被埋在倒塌的教学楼里。(bury)
________________________________________________________________________________________
74. 由于这个供应商被指控给顾客提供虚假信息，总公司安排他采购新的原材料。(charge, arrange)
________________________________________________________________________________________
75. 这位雄心勃勃的候选人接连收到了几个公司的拒绝信，最后只好接受了一份与专业毫无关系的工作。(end v.)
________________________________________________________________________________________
76. 有消息传来，这项环保运动受到了社会各界的广泛赞扬，这让他更加下定决心推动可持续发展。(greet)
________________________________________________________________________________________
八、书信写作
77. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你校准备为高三学生开展一次普及上海历史知识的活动，现有两个方案征求大家意见:
1.学校组织学生集体驱车前往上海市历史博物馆(Shanghai History Museum)，现场参观并聆听专业讲解员(professional museum guide)介绍上海历史，共计五小时；
2.学校邀请某知名大学历史教授到校以“上海历史”为主题做讲座，共计两小时。
请你以李华的名义向王校长写一封信，在信中谈谈你更偏向哪个方案，并说明理由。
________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
二、语法填空
21.behaving 22.as if 23.left 24.for 25.has blurred 26.can/may 27.how 28.were asked 29.that/which 30.whoever
三、选词填空
31.K 32.E 33.H 34.D 35.B 36.A 37.C 38.F 39.G 40.I
四、完形填空
41.A 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.D 49.A 50.A 51.B 52.D 53.B 54.A 55.B
五、阅读理解
56.B 57.C 58.A 59.D 60.B 61.C 62.C 63.D 64.B 65.C 66.C 67.B 68.D 69.F 70.E
六、概要写作范文
Nowadays nuclear families replace big extended families, mainly for young people’s need of freedom and better elderly welfare. Yet they face childcare troubles, causing kids’ mental issues and parents’ financial stress. Help from grandparents, communities and the government can solve these problems.
七、翻译
72.At experts’ request, society calls on teenagers to reduce the use of electronic devices.
73.It is reported that residents in the earthquake-hit area have been evacuated urgently, but at least ten children are still buried in the collapsed teaching buildings.
74.Because the supplier was charged with providing false information to customers, the head office arranged for him to purchase new raw materials.
75.The ambitious candidate received rejection letters from several companies one after another and ended up accepting a job unrelated to his major.
76.Word came that the environmental campaign was greeted with wide praise from all walks of life, which strengthened his determination to promote sustainable development.
八、书信范文
Dear Principal Wang,
I’m Li Hua, writing to share my opinion on the Shanghai history activity for Senior Three. I prefer the first plan — visiting Shanghai History Museum together.
First, seeing cultural relics in person makes history vivid and impressive, far better than a two-hour lecture. Professional guides can explain detailed stories behind exhibits. Besides, the five-hour trip offers enough time to fully absorb local history, while a short lecture may be superficial.
Though the trip takes more time, it’s a valuable experience for us to truly understand Shanghai’s past. I hope you can consider my idea.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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