资源简介

(共28张PPT)
Getting along
2
Unit
Reading
[page 20--21]
Read the passage.
2
P20
The Selfish Giant
1 Every afternoon, the children play in the Giant's garden. It is a large garden with soft, green grass. Here and there, over the grass, stand beautiful flowers, like stars.
2 The Giant has been away for a long time. One day, he comes back and sees the children in his garden. “What are you doing here ” he shouts in a very angry voice.
3 The children run away. The Giant closes the gate and builds a high wall around the garden. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
4 Then spring comes. But in the Giant's garden, it is still winter. There are no birds or flowers. “I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year,” says the Giant. “I hope the weather changes soon.”
有着柔软绿草的大花园
到处
草地上
很长时间
一天
非常生气地喊
跑开
筑起高墙
从那以后
春天来了。
没有鸟也没有花。
去年以来
自私的巨人
奥斯卡·王尔德
1 每天下午，孩子们都在巨人的花园里玩耍。这是一个有柔软绿草的大花园。草地上到处都是美丽的花朵，像星星一样。
2 巨人已经离开很长时间了。有一天，他回来看到孩子们在他的花园里。“你在这里干什么？”他愤怒地喊道。
3 孩子们跑了。巨人关上门，在花园周围建了一堵高墙。从那以后，他再也没有在那里见过孩子。
4 春天来了。但在巨人的花园里，仍然是冬天。没有鸟也没有花。巨人说：“我不明白为什么从去年开始春天就没来。我希望天气能很快改变。”
5 But spring never comes, nor summer. Autumn gives golden fruit to every other garden. But it gives none to the Giant's garden.
6 One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. “I haven't heard that beautiful birdsong for a while. I believe spring has come at last.” The Giant jumps out of bed and looks outside.
7 The Giant sees a hole in the wall. Also, there is a little child in every tree. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. The birds fly about and sing with joy. “How selfish I've been!” he says. “Now I know why spring wouldn't come here.”
8 He knocks down the wall. The children look afraid. “Fear not, little ones,” the Giant says. “It's your garden now.”
Adaptation from “The Selfish Giant” by Oscar Wilde
但是春天没有来，夏天也没有。
其他所有花园
但它没给巨人的花园带来任何东西。
听到鸟儿唱歌
有一段时间
终于
跳下床
树木们开心得浑身都开满了花
四处飞翔
高兴地唱着歌
推倒了墙
看起来很害怕
不要害怕
改编自
5 但春天永远不会来，夏天也不会来。秋天给其他花园带来金色的果实。但它没有给巨人的花园带来任何好处。
6 一天早晨，巨人突然听到鸟儿在唱歌。“我有一段时间没听到那美妙的鸟鸣了。我相信春天终于来了。”巨人跳下床，向外看去。
7 巨人看见墙上有个洞。每棵树上都有一个小孩。树木非常高兴，它们已经开满了花。鸟儿欢快地飞来飞去。“我多么自私啊！”他说。“现在我知道为什么春天不会来了。”
8 他推倒了墙。孩子们看起来很害怕。“别害怕，小家伙们，”巨人说，“现在是你们的花园了。”
改编自奥斯卡·王尔德的《自私的巨人》
11. 用…… 覆盖住……
12. 以一种很生气的声音
13. 推倒（或拆掉、拆毁）建筑物
Translate the following expressions into English.
6. 从那以后
7. 一段时间
8. 给某人某物
9. 从…… 跳出
10. 在花园周围
1. 回来
2. 跑开
3. 最后，终于
4. 到处
5. 四处飞翔
come back
run away
at last
here and there
fly about
since then
for a while
give...to...
jump out of
around the garden
cover... with...
in a very angry voice
knock down
Getting along
2
Unit
[page 23]
Grammar
“since + 时间段 + ago”与“for + 时间段”有时可互换
for + 时间段since + 时间点
since作连词时，主句通常用现在完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。
for + 时间段
since + 时间段 + ago
since + 时间点
since + 从句（一般过去时）
提问以上部分时，常用how long
Conclusion
1. 在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时，根据终止时间的不同，选用不同的时态。
2. 在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间段的时间状语连用；而表示动作已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
3. 除表示经历、持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。
① I have seen that movie many times.
② I saw that movie last week.
现在完成时：
现在完成时与一般过去时
一、构成不同
我已经看过那部电影很多次了。
我上周看了那部电影。
一般过去时：
主语 + have/has + been/V-ed
主语 + 动词过去式
① I have already visited that museum.
I visited it last summer.
② I have already finished my homework.
I finished it an hour ago.
现在完成时表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于强调已完成动作对现在的影响。
二、用法不同
一般过去时表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。
我已经参观过那个博物馆了，去年夏天参观的。
我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。
现在完成时是一个与过去和现在都有关系的时态，因此，具有这样时间特点的状语都可以与现在完成时连用。
① They have improved their skills
since last month.
② - Have you ever been to London
- No, I have never been there.
③ He visited his grandparents the day before yesterday.
④ We moved to this city in 2012.
三、时间状语不同
自上个月以来，他们的技能有所提高。
— 你曾经去过伦敦吗？
— 没有，以前从没去过。
他前天去看望了他的祖父母。
我们2012年搬到了这个城市。
一般过去时常与表过去的具体的时间状语连用。
★ 延续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作或表示状态的词，如work，stay，live，learn等。
★ 非延续性动词表示短暂的动作，从开始到结束，几乎同时或在极短的时间里就完成，如come，go，leave，start，begin，become，receive，die等。
1. 延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义
延续性动词与非延续性动词
Look at these sentences and check if they are right or wrong.
1 I have bought this book for 3 years.
2 I have joined the club since a week ago.
3 He has died for three years.
1 I have had this book for 3 years.
2 I have been a member of the club since a week ago.
3 He has been died for 3 years.
非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，在现在完成时肯定句中不可与表示一段时间的状语连用，应改用延续性动词。
Look at these two sentences.
1 Hammy hasn’t sold any popcorn for 3 days.
2 I haven’t heard from him since March.
在现在完成时否定句中，因为非延续性动词的“非延续性”被否定，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用，说明某个动作一直没发生。
① 用相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性动词，如：
非延续性动词转换为表持续的动词或者表状态的短语后即可在现在完成时中与表示一段时间的状语连用。
2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换
borrow → keep
buy → have
become/ come/ go → be
put on → wear
② 将非延续性动词转换为be+ 介词短语，如：
③ 将非延续性动词转换为be+名词，如：
begin/ start → be on
finish → be over
go to school → be in school
join → be in +组织机构/ be a member of+ 组织机构
join the army → be a soldier
go to school → be a student
④ 用be+ adj./adv. 结构替换非延续性动词，如：
close/ open → be closed/open
come/ go back/ return → be back
come here → be here
fall asleep → be asleep
finish/ end → be over
marry → be married
die → be died
Getting along
2
Unit
[page 25]
Listening and speaking
/h/ hear who whom
Pronunciation
Phonetics in use
Improve your pronunciation for clear communication
/h/
发音时张开嘴巴，让气流自由逸出口腔，不受阻碍。
happy help hope hotel
Getting along
2
Unit
[page 28--29]
Reading for writing
狭窄的小巷
约两米宽
用传统中国计量单位说
追溯到清朝
当地的两户人家
张家
吴家
Read the story and check your answers.
2
P28
为了房子的分界线发生了争吵
达成一致意见
他们的亲戚
在政府中担任要职
征求意见
他们打开信，发现里面有一首诗
Six chi away, but closer together
1 Narrow lanes are very common in China. They are usually about two metres wide, or six chi in traditional Chinese units. Most of them are nothing special. But Liuchixiang (Six-chi Lane) in Tongcheng, Anhui, is perhaps the most famous one.
2 Its story started back in the Qing Dynasty. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses. They couldn’t reach agreement. The Zhang family was angry. Their relative, Zhang Ying, had a position high up in the government. They wrote him a letter, asking for advice. When his reply came, they opened it to find a poem inside.
相隔六尺，却更近
1窄巷在中国很常见。它们通常宽约两米，在中国传统单位中为六尺。他们中的大多数都没什么特别的。但安徽桐城的六尺巷可能是最著名的。
2它的故事始于清朝。当地的两个家庭，张家和吴家，就房屋的分界线发生了争执。他们无法达成协议。张家很生气。他们的亲戚张英在政府中有很高的职位。他们给他写了一封信，征求他的意见。当他的回复到来时，他们打开它，发现里面有一首诗。
感到很惭愧
让出
深深地打动
作为回报
决定做同样的事情
又让出看三尺
于是，两家之间就有了一条六尺宽的小巷。
几百年
把这首诗牢记于心
善良是如何鼓励更多的善良的
走在小巷里
A letter from far away just for a wall
Is not right or good at all.
Three chi to your neighbour as a gift
Is nothing as time continues to drift.
3 After reading it, the Zhang family felt ashamed. They stepped back three chi for their neighbour. This act deeply moved the Wu family. In return, they decided to do the same thing. They gave up another three chi.
And so came the six-chi-wide lane between the two houses.
4 Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there. The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind. Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness.
一纸书来只为墙
让他三尺又何妨
长城万里今犹在
部件当年秦始皇
3张一家看完后感到很惭愧。他们为邻居后退了三尺。这一举动深深打动了吴一家。作为回报，他们决定做同样的事情。他们又放弃了三尺。于是，两栋房子之间出现了六尺宽的小巷。
4从那以后，几百年过去了，小巷还在。桐城人民仍然铭记着这首诗。每当他们走在小巷里，他们都会想起善良是如何鼓励更多的善良的。
13. 达成一致意见
14. 给某人写信
15. 宽…… 米
16. 将…… 记在心中
17. 张氏夫妇/张氏一家
Translate the following expressions into English.
7. 作为一个礼物
8. 感到羞愧
9. 决定做某事
10. 征询建议
11. 深深地感动
12. 因…… 而争吵
1. 放弃
2. 后退
3. 作为回报
4. 当地的人家
5. 成百上千的
6. 狭窄的小巷
Task 5
give up
step back
in return
local family
hundreds of
narrow lanes
as a gift
feel ashamed
decide to do
ask for advice
deeply moved
argue over
reach agreement
write sb a letter
the Zhangs
keep...in mind
... metres wide
Last summer, Mary stayed with her friend Alice in London. She brought her new guitar. One day, Alice tried playing it but dropped it by mistake. The guitar broke. Mary shouted at Alice and told her to buy a new one. But Alice had no money. They argued and stopped talking. After a few days, Mary felt bad and she missed Alice. She said sorry to Alice and so did Alice. She sold her toys and bought Mary a new guitar. Mary was happy and said, "You're more important than the guitar!" They learnt that true friendship starts with understanding each other, even when mistakes happen.

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