资源简介

2025-2026年八年级英语人教版下册语法通关
【复合不定代词及一般将来时】
【语法归纳】
复合不定代词
一、复合不定代词的概念
不指明代替某个(某些)人、某个(某些)事物的代词叫不定代词。复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing等组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括?something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone十二个。这些复合不定代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。
二、复合不定代词的指代对象
1、含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来指人，在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中；用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。
Someone/Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.?
有人在学校门口等你。
Everyone/Everybody should protect our environment.???
每个人都应该保护我们的环境。
2、含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。
We must do something to save water.?????
我们必须采取措施节约水。
Did you buy anything with your mum just now??????
刚才你和妈妈买东西了吗？
三、复合不定代词的数
复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
Nobody was in the classroom when the teacher came in.?
当老师进来时，没有人在教室里。
Something is wrong with the boy’s ears.?
这个男孩的耳朵出问题了。
Everyone knows this, don’t they??
人人都知道这一点，不是吗?
Everything is ready, isn’t it????
一切都准备好了，是吗?
四、复合不定代词的定语
复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。
He bought something special for his dad yesterday.
昨天他给他的爸爸买了特别的东西。
There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.?
今天的报纸上没有重要的事情。
Would you like something to eat??
你行要吃点东西吗？
五、复合不定代词的否定
1、“not every-”表示的是部分否定，意思是“并非都，不都”。
He doesn’t know everything.?他并非事事都知道。
Not everyone likes mooncakes with nuts.?
不是人人都喜欢带坚果的月饼。
2、“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。
It was too dark. I didn’t see anything. = It was too dark. I saw nothing.
天太黑，我什么也看不见。
You haven’t called anyone/anybody up, have you??
你没给谁打过电话，是吗？
= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?
No one likes to make friends with me here, do they??
这儿没有人喜欢和我交朋友，不是吗？
六、复合不定代词的注意点
（一）、some-，?any-话区别
由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。
1、something，someone，somebody通常用于肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。
He saw someone run into the building yesterday.?
昨天他看见有人跑进了大楼。
Tom didn’t do anything about it.?关于这件事，汤姆什么也没有做。
2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词。
Could you give me something to drink??
请给我点喝的东西好吗？
Why not give away something useful??为什么不捐赠一些有用的东西呢？
3、当anything表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。
Anything is OK.?什么都行。
Anybody can work out the math problem.?
任何人都能算出这道数学题。
一般将来时
一般将来时主要表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一时间内经常或反复发生或存在的状态。
一、一般将来时的形式
句式
结构
示例
肯定句
主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.
They will go to Beijing next week.
他们下周将要去北京。
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
主语+be(am/is/are)going to+动词原形+其他.
The painting is so beautiful,so I'm going to hang it on the wall.这幅画很好看，所以我打算将它挂在墙上。
否定句
主语+will/shall+not +动词原形+其他.
I think pollution won't be a problem in 2040.
我认为在2040年污染不会是一个问题。
主语+be(am/is/are) not going to+动词原形+其他.
We are not going to take singing lessons.
我们将不上声乐课。
一般疑问句
—Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+will.
否定回答:No,主语+won't.
—Will you visit the museum tomorrow?
你明天会去参观博物馆吗？
肯定回答: Yes, I will.是的，我会。
否定回答: No, I won't.不，我不会。
Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+be.
否定回答:No,主语+be +not.???????
Are you going to study abroad next year?
你明年打算出国留学吗？
肯定回答: Yes, I am.是的，我打算。
否定回答: No, I'm not.不，我不打算。
二、一般将来时的用法及时间标志词
(1)一般将来时的用法
结构
用法
例句
will / shall +动词原形
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。shall只用于第一人称,will可用于各种人称。
We shall have a lot of rain next month.
下个月将下很多雨。
I will give my mother a special gift tomorrow.
明天我要给妈妈一份特别的礼物。
“will+动词原形”表示某种必然的趋势。
Fish will die without water.
鱼没有水会死。
be going to+动词原形
表示主观计划、打算或安排要做某事，或表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生某种情况。
We're going to meet outside the school gate.
我们打算在校门口见面。
be about to+动词原形
be about to do表示正要或即将发生的动作，不强调主观。一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。
The plane is about to take off.
飞机就要起飞了。
(2)一般将来时的标志词???
1.具体时间词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,this afternoon...
2. next+时间词：next?week,next month,next year,next time...
3.in+一段时间：in three days,in two months...
4.in+将来的时间词：in 2040, in 2050...
⑤其他：some day,before long, Soon...
三、知识拓展
（1）there be结构的一般将来时
1.含义:there will be表示某地将存在某人或某物,有时可与there is/are going to be相互转换。
2.there will be结构的三种句式
①肯定句:There will be+主语+其他.
②否定句:There won't be+主语+其他.
③一般疑问句:Will there be+主语+其他?
答语:Yes，there will./No,there won't.
（2）will和be going to的用法辨析：
1．will通常指在讲话时才做的决定，或对于这件事并没有非常明确的计划，可以表示较长期的未来，也可以指对未来的某个时问点的计划；而be going to常指早已有计划、已决定好要去做某事，通常指短期的未来。
I will call you later.
I'm going to visit my aunt next Friday.
2．表示对未来的预测时，will偏向意见或猜测；而be going to是基于现有事实的推测，有迹象表明某事即将发生。
He will be better.（说话人认为最终会恢复健康，而不是马上恢复健康）
He is going to be better.（已有恢复的迹象）
3．表示“意图”时：表示事先考虑过、有打算的常用be going to；而未事先考虑的意图通常用will。
A:Why have you turned down the invitation and torn the letter to pieces?
B: I am going to Lily's party instead.
A:It is really a difficult task.
B:I will help you to finish it.
4．be going to可以用在条件状语从句中表示将来，而will不能。
If you are going to sleep,you need you put on your pajamas.
（3）现在进行时表将来
某些动词的现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排将要发生的事，预计要发生的事，或最近将要发生的事，例如：?return，take，meet，move，arrive，leave，start，come等。
We are having dinner at 7 o'clock.
I'm taking Jane out for dinner tonight.
（4）主将从现情况
在if／unless引导的条件状语从句或when／until／as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中，从句通常用一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时。
If he calls back, I will leave you a notice.
【基础专练】
一、单项选择
1．Everything ______ fine with us in the first three days but later something went wrong.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
2．________ is better worth my respect than Yuan Longping. He is the pride of China.
A．Someone B．Anyone C．Nobody D．Everybody
3．We are sure we will win the basketball match and ________ can beat us.
A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody
4．—Next month we’re going ________ as soon as the holiday begins.
—Sounds good!
A．somewhere interesting B．interesting somewhere
C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere
5．My mother’s birthday is coming. I ________ a present for her tomorrow.
A．will buy B．buy C．buys D．was buying
6．In 10 years, most people ________ AI Robots to help with boring work.
A．used B．use C．are using D．will use
7．Look at the dark clouds. It seems that it ________ soon.
A．rains B．rained C．will rain D．is going to rain
二、单词拼写
8．What a beautiful place! I hope I ________ (visit) it again in the future.
9．When I finish my homework, I ________ a movie. (watch)
10．The meeting ________ (start) in half an hour.
11．Tomorrow we ________ (visit) a famous museum in the city.
12．No one knows what ________ (happen) in 100 years.
【能力提升】
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One rainy afternoon, Lisa was walking home from school. Suddenly, she heard a soft cry from the corner of the street. She walked over and saw a small 13 there. Its hair was dirty and it was very thin (瘦). “What a 14 dog!”??Lisa thought. “I will try my best to help it.”
Lisa lightly 15 its head and the dog didn’t run away. 16 , it looked up at her with its big eyes. Lisa knew she couldn’t leave the poor dog alone in the cold street. “I must help 17 ,” she thought.
She took off (脱下) her 18 sweater and put it round the dog. Then she carried the dog in her arms and went home 19 . When she got home, her mother was 20 to see the dog. “Where did you get it?” she asked in surprise. Lisa told her mother the 21 about the dog. Her mother smiled and said, “You did a good thing, Lisa.”
They gave the dog a warm bath and 22 it some food and water. The dog ate the food and 23 the water. After that, it lay on the soft sofa (沙发) and soon went to sleep.
The next day, Lisa made a notice with a picture of the dog. “I want a 24 !” says the dog in the picture. Lisa 25 the notice on the noticeboard in their community. Many people saw the 26 and came to look at the dog. A kind 27 wanted to keep the dog. Lisa was very happy to give the dog to such a good family.
Now the dog lives a happy life. Lisa often goes to visit it.
13．A．cat B．dog C．fox D．rabbit
14．A．poor B．fat C．fit D．cool
15．A．looked for B．asked for C．waited for D．reached for
16．A．Besides B．Instead C．However D．Again
17．A．it B．me C．you D．them
18．A．wet B．dirty C．warm D．old
19．A．in person B．in a hurry C．in the sun D．in the future
20．A．excited B．bored C．interested D．surprised
21．A．story B．joke C．lie D．plan
22．A．showed B．lent C．gave D．sold
23．A．boiled B．covered C．hunted D．drank
24．A．home B．toy C．speech D．vacation
25．A．cut up B．put up C．picked up D．packed up
26．A．video B．sky C．notice D．secret
27．A．camp B．club C．school D．family
四、选词填空
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
cough??enter??someone??put??simple??important??set??body??or??remember??soon
When you cough or sneeze (打喷嚏), please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with your elbow. And then, you should say “excuse me”. This is a rule I 28 for my students since I became their teacher.
It is so 29 , but many kids have never been told to do this. In fact, I notice adults also sometimes 30 and sneeze in public without putting their elbows over their mouths. I hate traveling by subway in New York during the cold and flu season, because it is certain that 31 is going to stand right behind me and cough or sneeze on my neck.
One of the most 32 things I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hands, they should wash their hands as 33 as possible. 34 they will pass those germs along to everything and everyone they touch.
In order to help the kids 35 this rule, I tell them an old story. It says that when you sneeze, ghosts (鬼魂) will jump into your 36 . If you don’t cover your mouths, the ghosts will 37 , but if you cover your mouths, you will keep them out. The kids love interesting stories behind rules or advice and they encourage them 38 the advice to use more often.
五、阅读理解
As we know, trees are our friends and they are friendly to us. They give us food and drink. Trees are also good for us humans because they take in greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. But what else do you know about trees around us? Let’s explore how trees support one another.
Being a tree can be difficult but trees have found ways to make it easier for one another. In fact, trees are not alone. They have very long roots and they use them to communicate with their neighbours. When something bad happens to a tree, it may be able to send a message through its roots. Then the other trees will try to help it.
Do you know that, like us, trees also have families? Older trees give younger trees food and water. Younger trees also help older trees live better. When one tree becomes sick, the healthy trees around it will try to help. Most trees only share things with trees from the same species. However, some trees always help their neighbours even if they aren’t their relatives.
Trees know they are stronger together. When their branches and leaves join together, they don’t need to worry about strong winds. Together, they grow better and stronger. Aren’t trees amazing?
Yes, that is true indeed in the natural world.
39．Why are trees our friends?
A．Because they look beautiful. B．Because they help us a lot.
C．Because they can talk to us. D．Because they grow very tall.
40．What do older trees do for younger trees?
A．Protect them from animals. B．Teach them how to grow faster.
C．Provide food and water for them. D．Make them look more beautiful.
41．What does “it” refer to in the third paragraph?
A．The sick tree. B．The healthy tree.
C．The oldest tree. D．The youngest tree.
42．Where is the passage probably from?
A．A fashion magazine. B．A diary.
C．A travel guide. D．A science book.

六、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不多于两个单词)
Four students from Siyuan No.5 High School are in the same class. Here’s 43 (they) information.
Eliza: I’m 13 years old. I’m 1.55 meters tall. I can’t do well in my study, 44 I swim very well. I always win 45 (one) place in swimming competitions. To keep 46 (health), I have eggs, milk and meat every day.
Vera: I’m a 13-year-old student. I’m 1.53 meters tall. I’m 47 (much)outgoing than any other girl in my class and I like making friends. I’m good 48 playing the piano. I’m smart, but not very hard-working.
Tony: There 49 (be) a 14-year-old kung fu star in Class 2. That’s me. I’m 1.62 meters tall. I’m 50 (fun). I spend most time on kung fu, so my 51 (grade) are not very good. My mother often 52 (worry) about me.
Sam: I’m 15 years old and I’m 1.61 meters tall. I study 53 (hard) than the other students in my class, so I often get good grades in tests. I can play 54 piano well. However, I have a bad 55 (eat) habit. I eat too much ice-cream every day. My parents sometimes shout at me 56 (loud). And I never go to the dentist for 57 (tooth) cleaning. I’m afraid.

参考答案
1．C
【详解】句意：在前三天我们一切都很顺利，但后来出了点问题。
考查主谓一致和时态。is是，一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；are是，一般现在时的复数形式；was是，一般过去时的第三人称单数形式；were是，一般过去时的复数形式。根据“but later something went wrong”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，又因为“everything”是不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。故选C。
2．C
【详解】句意：没有人比袁隆平更值得我尊敬。他是中国的骄傲。
考查代词辨析。Someone某人；Anyone任何人；Nobody没有人；Everybody每个人。根据“is better worth my respect than Yuan Longping. He is the pride of China.”可知，此处是说“没有人”比袁隆平更值得我尊敬。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：我们确信我们会赢得这场篮球比赛，没有人能打败我们。
考查不定代词辨析。everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没人。根据“We are sure we will win the basketball match”可知，这里表示确信会赢得比赛，即没人可以打败我们。故选D。
4．A
【详解】句意：——下个月假期一开始我们就打算去某个有趣的地方。 ——听起来不错！
考查定语后置和副词用法。somewhere某处，副词，常用于肯定句中；anywhere在任何地方，副词，用于否定句和疑问句；interesting“有趣的”，形容词，修饰“somewhere”或“anywhere”时，要后置，排除B和D；句子为肯定句，应用somewhere，排除C。故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：我妈妈的生日快到了。我明天要给她买个礼物。
考查动词时态。根据“tomorrow”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，结构“will+动词原形”，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，因此用will buy。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：十年后，大多数人将使用人工智能机器人来帮忙做枯燥的工作。
考查一般将来时。根据“In 10 years”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，结构：will+动词原形。故选D。
7．D
【详解】句意：看那些乌云。看起来快要下雨了。
考查时态。rains一般现在时的动词三单；rained一般过去时；will rain一般将来时，表示事情将要发生；is going to rain一般将来时，表示有迹象表明要发生的事。根据“Look at the dark clouds.”可知，有乌云表明有下雨的迹象。所以用be going to结构，故选D。
8．will visit
【详解】句意：多么美丽的地方啊！我希望将来能再去参观。根据“I hope...”可知，该句是宾语从句，从句时态遵循“主现从不限”的原则，结合“in the future”可知，从句的时态是一般将来时，其结构为will+do。故填will visit。
9．will watch
【详解】句意：当我完成作业后，我会去看电影。watch“看”，句子是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时will do。故填will watch。
10．will start
【详解】句意：会议半小时后开始。根据“in half an hour”可知，时态为一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will start。
11．will visit
【详解】句意：明天我们将在这个城市参观一个著名的博物馆。根据句中的时间状语“Tomorrow”可知，句子描述的是将来发生的事情，因此使用一般将来时态。一般将来时态的结构为“will + 动词原形”，故填will visit。
12．will happen
【详解】句意：没有人知道100年后会发生什么。根据“in 100 years.”可知句子用一般将来时will do。故填will happen。
13．B 14．A 15．D 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文讲述了Lisa在回家的路上发现了一只瘦弱的小狗，她决定帮助它并带回家。她和妈妈一起照顾小狗，并张贴告示为小狗寻找新家。最终，小狗被一个善良的家庭收养，过上了幸福的生活。
13．句意：多么可怜的一只狗啊！
cat猫；dog狗；fox狐狸；rabbit兔子。根据“She walked over and saw a small...there. Its hair was dirty and it was very thin (瘦).”可知，此处指一只瘦弱的狗。故选B。
14．句意：多么可怜的一只狗啊！
poor可怜的；fat胖的；fit健康的；cool酷的。根据“Its hair was dirty and it was very thin (瘦).”可知，这只狗又脏又瘦，所以很可怜。故选A。
15．句意：Lisa轻轻地伸手摸了摸它的头，狗没有跑开。
looked for寻找；asked for请求；waited for等待；reached for伸手去够。根据“Lisa lightly...its head”可知，此处指Lisa伸手去摸狗的头。故选D。
16．句意：相反，它用大眼睛抬头看着她。
Besides此外；Instead相反；However然而；Again再次。根据“the dog didn’t run away...it looked up at her with its big eyes”可知，狗没有跑开，反而抬头看着她，应用instead。故选B。
17．句意：“我必须帮助它，”她想。
it它；me我；you你；them他们。根据“I must help...”可知，此处指帮助这只狗，应用it指代。故选A。
18．句意：她脱下温暖的毛衣，披在狗身上。
wet湿的；dirty脏的；warm温暖的；old旧的。根据“She took off (脱下) her...sweater and put it round the dog.”可知，此处指脱下自己的毛衣给狗保暖，应用warm。故选C。
19．句意：然后她把狗抱在怀里，匆匆赶回家。
in person亲自；in a hurry匆忙地；in the sun在阳光下；in the future在未来。根据“Then she carried the dog in her arms and went home...”可知，此处指Lisa匆忙赶回家。故选B。
20．句意：当她回到家时，她妈妈看到狗很惊讶。
excited兴奋的；bored无聊的；interested感兴趣的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Where did you get it?”可知，妈妈对Lisa带回一只狗感到惊讶。故选D。
21．句意：Lisa把狗的故事告诉了妈妈。
story故事；joke玩笑；lie谎言；plan计划。根据“Lisa told her mother the...about the dog.”可知，此处指Lisa把狗的故事告诉了妈妈。故选A。
22．句意：她们给狗洗了个热水澡，并给了它一些食物和水。
showed展示；lent借出；gave给；sold卖。根据“They gave the dog a warm bath and...it some food and water.”可知，此处指给狗食物和水，应用gave。故选C。
23．句意：狗吃了食物，喝了水。
boiled煮沸；covered覆盖；hunted狩猎；drank喝。根据“The dog ate the food and...the water.”可知，此处指狗喝水，应用drank。故选D。
24．句意：我想要一个家！
home家；toy玩具；speech演讲；vacation假期。根据“Many people saw the...and came to look at the dog. A kind...wanted to keep the dog.”可知，Lisa张贴告示是为了给狗找一个家。故选A。
25．句意：Lisa把告示贴在社区的布告栏上。
cut up切碎；put up张贴；picked up捡起；packed up打包。根据“Lisa...the notice on the noticeboard in their community.”可知，此处指张贴告示，应用put up。故选B。
26．句意：许多人看到了告示，并来看狗。
video视频；sky天空；notice告示；secret秘密。根据“Lisa...the notice on the noticeboard in their community.”可知，此处指人们看到了告示。故选C。
27．句意：一个善良的家庭想收养这只狗。
camp营地；club俱乐部；school学校；family家庭。根据“Lisa was very happy to give the dog to such a good...”可知，此处指一个善良的家庭想收养这只狗。故选D。
28．have set 29．simple 30．cough 31．someone 32．important 33．soon 34．Or 35．remember 36．bodies 37．enter 38．to put
【导语】本文主要介绍了咳嗽或打喷嚏时的礼仪规则，并讲述了作者如何用一个有趣的故事帮助孩子们记住并遵守这些规则。
28．句意：这是我成为老师后为学生们设定的一条规则。根据“This is a rule I ... for my students”及结合备选词可知，这是一条“我”为学生制定的规则。set“制定”，set a rule是固定搭配，意为“设定规则”；由“since I became their teacher.”可知，句子为现在完成时，结构为：have + 动词过去分词，set的过去分词是set。故填have set。
29．句意：这是如此简单，但很多孩子从未被告知要这么做。根据“but many kids have never been told to do this”及结合备选词可知，老师为学生制定的规则很简单，但是许多学生从来没有被告诉这样做过。“simple”意为“简单的”，用于描述这个规则的特点，符合语境。故填simple。
30．句意：事实上，我注意到成年人有时也会在公共场合不捂肘部就咳嗽和打喷嚏。根据“... and sneeze in public without putting their elbows over their mouths”备选词可知，空处需填一个动词和sneeze并列。cough“咳嗽”符合语境。句子为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词用原形。故填cough。
31．句意：我在秋冬季节乘地铁时，肯定会有人正好站在我身后对着我的脖子咳嗽或打喷嚏。根据“... is going to stand right behind me and cough or sneeze on my neck”及备选词可知，从句缺少主语。“someone”意为“某人；有人”，用于指代不确定的某个人，符合语境。故填someone。
32．句意：我向孩子们指出的最重要的事情之一是，他们用手打喷嚏或咳嗽后，应尽快洗手。根据“One of the most... things”及备选词可知，此处表示“最重要的事之一”。“one of the most+形容词”是固定结构，“important”意为“重要的”，符合语境。故填important。
33．句意：……他们应该尽快洗手。根据“they should wash their hands as... as possible”及结合备选词可知，他们应该马上洗手。“as soon as possible”是固定短语，意为“尽快”。故填soon。
34．句意：否则，他们会把这些细菌传播到他们接触的所有东西和所有人身上。根据“they should wash their hands as soon as possible”和“they will pass those germs along to everything and everyone they touch”及备选词可知，前后句是条件关系。“or”在此处意为“否则”，用于警告不遵守规则的后果，or放句首第一个字母大写。故填Or。
35．句意：为了帮助孩子们记住这条规则，我给他们讲了一个古老的故事。根据“I tell them an old story”及结合备选词可知，“我为了让孩子们记住这个规则，给他们讲了一个古老的故事。help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”是固定搭配，“remember”意为“记住”，符合语境。故填remember。
36．句意：故事说，当你打喷嚏时，鬼魂会跳进你的身体里。根据“If you don’t cover your mouths, the ghosts will...”及结合备选词可知，鬼魂会进入你的身体。body“身体”，是可数名词，空处应用复数形式。故填bodies。
37．句意：如果你不捂住嘴，鬼魂就会进入，但如果你捂住嘴，你就会把它们挡在外面。根据“but if you cover your mouths, you will keep them out”及备选词可知，如果不遮住口，鬼魂就会进入。enter“进入”，与后文的keep them out“把它们挡在外面”形成对应。故填enter。
38．句意：孩子们喜欢规则或建议背后有趣的故事，这些故事鼓励他们更经常地采纳这些建议。根据“The kids love interesting stories behind rules or advice and they encourage them ... the advice to use more”及结合备选词可知，孩子们喜欢这些故事，更容易采纳这些建议。put the advice to use“采纳并使用建议”，encourage后加带to的动词不定式。故填to put。
39．B 40．C 41．A 42．D
【导语】本文主要阐述树木通过根系交流、家族互助、枝叶协作等方式形成共生关系，揭示团结合作是自然界的重要生存法则。
39．细节理解题。根据“As we know, trees are our friends and they are friendly to us. They give us food and drink. Trees are also good for us humans because they take in greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and produce oxygen”可知，树木之所以是我们的朋友，是因为它们给人类提供食物和饮料，吸收二氧化碳等温室气体并生产氧气，因此它们帮助了我们很多。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据短文第三段“Do you know that, like us, trees also have families? Older trees give younger trees food and water.”可知，年长的树木会给年幼的树木提供食物和水。故选C。
41．词句猜测题。根据短文第三段“When one tree becomes sick, the healthy trees around it will try to help.”可知，当一棵树生病时，它周围健康的树木会努力帮助它。结合语境，句中的“it”指代的是前文提到的“生病的树”。故选A。
42．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文通过介绍树木的生存习性，揭示了团结合作是自然界的重要生存法则。此类内容一般出现在科学书籍中。故选D。
43．their 44．but 45．first 46．healthy 47．more 48．at 49．is 50．funny 51．grades 52．worries 53．harder 54．the 55．eating 56．loudly 57．teeth
【导语】本文介绍了思源第五高中的四名同班同学的相关信息。
【详解】43．句意：这是他们的信息。根据“information”可知，此处需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词，表示“他们的信息”，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。
44．句意：我学习不好，但我游泳游得很好。根据“I can’t do well in my study...I swim very well.”可知，前后句是转折关系，所以用but连接。故填but。
45．句意：我总是在游泳比赛中获得第一名。根据“win...place in swimming competitions”可知，此处表示在比赛中获得第一名，用序数词first表示顺序。故填first。
46．句意：为了保持健康，我每天吃鸡蛋、牛奶和肉。根据“keep”可知，keep后接形容词表示保持某种状态，health的形容词形式是healthy。故填healthy。
47．句意：我比班上任何一个女孩都更外向，我喜欢交朋友。根据“than any other girl in my class”可知，此处用比较级形式，表示“更外向”，much的比较级是more。故填more。
48．句意：我擅长弹钢琴。根据“playing the piano”可知，be good at doing sth.是固定短语，表示“擅长做某事”。故填at。
49．句意：二班有一个14岁的功夫明星，那就是我。根据“There...a 14-year-old kung fu star in Class 2”可知，此处是there be句型，表示“有”，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is。
50．句意：我很有趣。根据“I’m”可知，此处需要一个形容词作表语，表示“有趣的”，fun的形容词形式是funny。故填funny。
51．句意：我把大部分时间花在功夫上，所以我的成绩不是很好。根据“are”可知，主语是复数，grade的复数形式是grades。故填grades。
52．句意：我妈妈经常担心我。根据“often”可知，此处表示经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，worry的第三人称单数形式是worries。故填worries。
53．句意：我比班上其他学生学习更努力，所以我经常在考试中取得好成绩。根据“than the other students in my class”可知，此处用比较级形式，表示“更努力”，hard的比较级是harder。故填harder。
54．句意：我钢琴弹得很好。根据“play...piano”可知，play the piano是固定短语，表示“弹钢琴”，乐器前加定冠词the。故填the。
55．句意：然而，我有一个不好的饮食习惯。根据“habit”可知，此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示“饮食习惯”，eat的动名词形式eating作定语。故填eating。
56．句意：我父母有时大声对我喊叫。根据“shout at me”可知，此处需要一个副词修饰动词，表示“大声地”，loud的副词形式是loudly。故填loudly。
57．句意：我从来没有去找牙医洗过牙。根据“for...cleaning”可知，此处表示“洗牙”，tooth的复数形式是teeth，teeth cleaning表示“洗牙”。故填teeth。

展开更多......

收起↑