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2025-2026年八年级英语人教版下册语法通关
【状语从句及频度副词】
【语法归纳】
常见状语从句引导词
（1）引导时间状语从句
连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句
when “当……时”；引导的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用短暂性动词 He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.
while “正当……时；正在……时”；引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
as “当……时”；表示一件事情正在发生，另一件事情也在进行中 Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang.
after “在……之后”；表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 People will get to know the advantages of your product after they use it.
before “在……之前”；表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 Turn off the lights before you leave the room.
until/till “直到……为止”；常用在“not…until…”结构中，表示“直到……才……” The boy didn't stop running until he reached the finishing line.
since “自……以来”；主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 We have been good friends since we entered the same high school.
as soon as “一……就……”；引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 I will give you a callas soon as I arrive home.
whenever “在任何……时候；无论何时”；引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 Whenever we're in trouble， they'll help us.
（2）引导条件状语从句
连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句
if “如果”；从句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
unless “如果不;除非”；unless可以转化为if…not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致 Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well.
as long as “只要”；主从句时态与if用法一致 As long as you tell me the truth, I'll try to help you.
（3）引导让步状语从句
连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句
though/although “虽然；尽管”；两者可互换使用，都可以与 yet 连用,不能与 but 连用 I can look after myself，although it won't be easy for me.
even if/even though 即使；尽管；虽然 Even if it is rainy today， they still attend the football training.
whether “不管”；常用于句型“whether…or not”与“whether…or”中 Whether or not we're successful, we can be sure that we did our best.
whatever “无论什么”；相当于 no matter what Whatever you want to be， you need to work hard to achieve it.
whenever “无论何时”；相当于no matter when Whenever I try to read this book， I feel happy.
（4）引导原因状语从句
连词 含义及用法 例句
because “因为”；常用来回答由why引导的一般疑问句；不能与so连用 I'd like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano.
since “因为;既然”；语气比because弱 Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little babies.
as “因为;由于”；语气比since弱 As you were out, I left a message.
（5）引导目的状语从句
连词短语 含义及用法 例句
so that “以便……”；后接从句，只能用于句中 They sped up so that/in order that they could get there on time.
in order that “为了……”；后接从句，可用于句首或句中
（6）引导结果状语从句
连词短语 含义及用法 例句
so…that… 如此……以至于…… so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为“so+adj./adv.+that…”。可与“too…to…”结构互换 He is so little that he can't dress himself.= He is too little to dress himself.
such…that… such修饰的中心词是名词， 结构为“such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that…”或“such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that…” She is such a lovely girl that everyone around her likes her.=She is so lovely that everyone around her likes her.
（7）引导方式状语从句
连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句
as “按照……的方式”；通常置于主句之后 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
as if/though “似乎，好像”；后面可接陈述句语序或虚拟语气 Though they met for the first time, they talked as if they were good friends.
2.主句与从句时态一致问题
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句的时态一致一般分为三种情况：
类型 含义 例句
主将从现 主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来 If she comes here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her.
主祈/情从现 主句是祈使句或主句中含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时表将来 Be quiet when you are in the reading room.
过去时态 主从句都是在叙述过去发生的事情，则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时 My sister was playing the piano when I got home yesterday.
【注意】since引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：
Our English teacher has worked in this school since she graduated from Peking University.
3.频度副词
一、频度副词
usually, sometimes, always, often等词在英文中被称为“频度副词”，是用来表示动作频率的，即在一定的时间内动作重复发生或状态重复出现的次数。一般说来可按频率大小排列：
always＞usually＞often＞sometimes＞seldom（很少）＞never（决不）
always(100%) usually(80%) often (30-50%)
sometimes(20%) hardly ever(5%) never(0%)
二、频度副词的位置
1. 在be动词之后。如： She is sometimes very busy. 她有时很忙。
2. 在第一个动词或情态动词之后。如：
I will never forget the first time I met you. 我将永远忘不了和你的第一次见面。
3. 在实义动词之前。如：
We often go there. 我们常去那儿。
4. sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末，often也可放在句末。如：
Sometimes she writes to me. 她有时候给我写信。
She writes to me often. 她经常给我写信。
三、频度副词的用法
1. often, always, usually等通常和一般现在时连用，表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。如：
It often rains here in April. 这儿四月份常下雨。
2. always与进行时连用时，并不强调动作正在进行，而是表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。如：
He is always thinking of others. 他总是想着别人。（赞叹）
She is always asking silly questions. 她老是问些愚蠢的问题。（厌烦）
3. 对这些频度副词提问时，用how often。如：
I write to my brother sometimes.
How often do you write to your brother
【基础专练】
一、单项选择
1．John was taking photos ______ Mary was walking towards the shop.
A．unless B．if C．while D．until
2．The man was looking at a postcard sadly ________ his friend came in.
A．while B．when C．after D．before
3．—Happiness is about having each tiny wish come true.
—________we work hard, we’ll make our life full of happiness.
A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Whether
4．Students should eat more fruit and vegetables ________ they are good for health.
A．so B．but C．because D．although
5．He is ________ a cute baby ________ we all like him.
A．so; that B．such; that C．very; that D．such; because
6．Tom thinks soap operas are boring, so he________watches them.
A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes
7．The garbage sorting (垃圾分类) is popular now. So we can ________ see four bins in different colors in many cities.
A．often B．seldom C．hardly ever D．never
8．—How often do you go the the movies during your winter vacation
—________. My mom stops me because of the flu.
A．Always B．Hardly ever C．Usually D．Often
9．I ________ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.
A．never B．usually C．hardly D．seldom
10．Helen is a good student. She ________ late for class.
A．is always B．always is C．is never D．never is
【能力提升】
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to think cultural differences were barriers (障碍) between people until I took part in an international online exchange program last spring. The program paired me with Sophia, a 14-year-old girl from Canada. This special experience completely 11 my attitude towards cross-cultural communication.
At first, I was 12 that our different cultural backgrounds would cause misunderstanding. I knew little about Canadian daily customs and worried I might behave impolitely. To break the ice, I 13 to share Chinese traditional festival stories with her in our first video chat.
I told her how Chinese families 14 the Spring Festival, cleaning houses, pasting red couplets and gathering for a family dinner. Sophia listened carefully. She showed sincere 15 in our traditional culture and said it was totally different from Canadian festivals.
Then Sophia 16 her hometown culture with me. She introduced how Canadian families celebrate Thanksgiving, a festival full of gratitude and warmth. She also explained their daily manners, which are 17 from ours. For example, Canadians usually keep personal space while talking, while we Chinese often stand closer to show closeness.
We gradually found that communication is the best way to 18 cultural gaps (隔阂). We never refused each other’s customs, 19 chose to learn and respect. I learned to make Canadian holiday cookies, and Sophia tried to practice Chinese paper-cutting following my guidance.
As time went by, our friendship grew 20 . We talked about school life, hobbies and cultural stories every week. I realized that no culture is perfect or superior. Every custom is formed by local history and living habits, so it is worth our 21 respect.
This program also 22 me an important lesson: cross-cultural communication is two-way. We should not only 23 our own culture confidently, but also accept foreign culture with an open mind.
Now I am willing to take every chance to 24 with foreign friends. I hope to become a little cultural messenger, letting more people know the beauty of Chinese culture 25 building a friendly connection with the world.
11．A．changed B．showed C．expressed D．recorded
12．A．proud B．afraid C．sure D．crazy
13．A．forgot B．refused C．decided D．regretted
14．A．celebrate B．invent C．introduce D．improve
15．A．trouble B．doubt C．interest D．surprise
16．A．shared B．compared C．competed D．argued
17．A．absent B．different C．free D．safe
18．A．remove B．separate C．widen D．protect
19．A．so B．but C．or D．and
20．A．slower B．weaker C．stronger D．quieter
21．A．full B．little C．wrong D．strict
22．A．taught B．promised C．warned D．cheated
23．A．give up B．pass on C．take away D．cut down
24．A．fight B．communicate C．compete D．agree
25．A．by B．without C．while D．against
三、选词填空
短文填空 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。
amaze argue change communicate develop encourage important include instead share silent sweet
When my kids were younger, there would be the excitement of all of us singing the same songs during the car rides. 26 , nowadays, when we get out in a car, everyone stays into their own world. I am in 27 . The kids have their headphones on. And my husband listens to his favorite songs through the loudspeaker in the car. Technology is 28 how we all listen to music.
My kids teach me a lot about using the Internet and apps. And yet, a key role of parents is 29 their children to know new ideas and develop their tastes. I can start with their music.
Being part of a family needs a 30 memory bank. It should be full of the things, 31 the food we ate together, the things we did together and the music we enjoyed together. 32 , I want my kids to understand why I love this music than just sharing it.
A few days ago, I couldn’t help 33 with my 14-year-old daughter angrily about always having her headphones on. She wasn’t listening to me as usual. But as we got in the car she smiled 34 , and played music through the car loudspeaker. Then it was 35 for me to hear the songs I liked in the car.
阅读理解
A
The world is getting warmer, and the ice in high mountains is melting. How to slow down the melt
Wearing “clothes”
In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white “blankets” on ski areas(滑雪区). The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool. The blankets are made of wool(羊毛), so rain can go through the blankets and become ice. It can slow down the melt by about 50 to 70 percent. Today, the “blankets” in Switzerland cover 10,000 to 50,000 square metres of ice.
Painting the rocks
Farmers in the Andes Mountains in Peru use a similar idea. Above 5,000 metres, they paint the rocks with white “paint”. The paint is made of water, sand and soap. The soap helps it stick to the rocks. The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks.
Creating snow
Scientists at an organization called GlaciersAlive turn to man-made snow for help in Switzerland. In winter, they use water from a small lake up in the mountain. The water goes down some pipes(管道). On the pipes, there are shower heads(喷头). The water flows out from the pipes and becomes snow on the mountain.
36．What do we know about the white blankets in Switzerland
A．They make the country warmer.
B．People used them to cover ski areas.
C．They can keep the ice cool for about 50 years.
D．They are mainly made of ice and sand.
37．Why did they make the blankets white
A．Because they want the blankets to look like the ice.
B．Because the white colour has a feel of wool.
C．Because the white colour helps the ice get less sunshine.
D．Because rain can go through white blankets easily.
38．What does the word “similar” mean
A．easy and cheap B．new and different
C．quick and simple D．the same in some way
39．What do we know from the passage
A．People should make better use of the sunshine.
B．People are trying to stop the world from getting warmer.
C．People from different countries are working in a team.
D．People are working hard to keep high mountains cool.
B
阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in. This is mainly because the weather in the mountains is not as good as that in low areas. 40 Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 metres high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. This is known as one of the most dangerous areas.
However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. 41 Mountains are also rich in minerals. People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it’s much cooler there.
Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years. 42 However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. 43 Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world.
A．The sport first became popular in England.
B．Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water.
C．The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be.
D．Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains.
E．As we all know, there are many kinds of mountains in the world.
五、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题
Good manners are important in cross-cultural communication. Different countries have different party and table manners. In Western parties, people never ask private topics such as age, marriage and income. These topics are unsafe. Instead, talking about food and culture is safe and polite. It can help people develop closer relationships.
For party dressing, we need to dress nicely and formally for the occasion. Casual clothes like jeans are improper for formal parties. It is normal to be on time or a few minutes late for Western parties. Arriving early may bring trouble to the hosts.
As for table manners, it’s bad manners to stick chopsticks into food or point at others with chopsticks in many Asian countries. With plenty of practice, we can master different cultural manners and leave a good impression on others.
44．What topics are unsafe in Western parties
45．What kind of clothes are improper for formal parties
46．Is it normal to arrive early for Western parties
47．How can people leave a good impression on others
48．What is the main idea of the passage
六、短文填空
Isabella is a very warm-hearted girl. She is always ready to help people in trouble. So far Isabella 49 (study) in college for 2 years. At the same time, she is volunteering 50 (teach) at Heart House in her free time. Heart House is 51 after-school programme for children. It gives some extra education to those children who are not doing 52 (good) in their studies, and tries to change their study habits.
Isabella goes to Heart House to teach the children 53 (two) a week. She also set up a website for Heart House. Because of Isabella’s website, every week more than one hundred volunteers spend about four hours 54 the children at Heart House now. “Without Isabella’s website, Heart House would have trouble 55 (find) enough volunteers,” the programme leader says. “I always have a strong feeling of 56 (successful) when I teach those kids how to study. The best thing is that I can also learn a lot from 57 (they). I won’t give up 58 (volunteer) after graduation. I hope to go on teaching kids in need.” Isabella says.
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．C
【详解】句意：当玛丽正朝商店走去时，约翰正在拍照。
考查从属连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；while当……时；until直到。根据“John was taking photos...Mary was walking towards the shop.”可知，空格前后的两个动作同时发生，用while引导时间状语从句。故选C。
2．B
【详解】句意：那个男人正悲伤地看着一张明信片，这时他的朋友走了进来。
考查连词辨析。while当……时候，搭配延续性动词，接持续性的动作；when当……时候；after在……之后；before在……之前。当一个动作发生，另一个动作正在进行时，用when/while引导时间状语从句，且从句中的谓语动词came in“进来”为瞬间动词可知，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：——幸福就是让每一个微小的愿望都成真。——如果我们努力工作，我们就会让我们的生活充满幸福。
考查连词辨析。If如果；Unless除非；Though虽然，尽管；Whether是否。“we work hard”与“we’ll make our life full of happiness”是条件关系，如果努力工作，生活就会充满幸福。故选A。
4．C
【详解】句意：学生应该多吃水果和蔬菜，因为它们对健康有好处。
考查连词辨析。so所以；but但是；because因为；although尽管，虽然。分析前后句可知，前后句“多吃蔬菜和水果”与“它们对健康有好处”表示必然的因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
5．B
【详解】句意：他是一个如此可爱的婴儿，我们都喜欢他。
考查状语从句。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，so后面跟形容词或副词；such...that...“如此……以至于……”，such后跟“形容词+名词”构成的名词短语；very“很”，副词，置于冠词之后，不与that搭配使用；such“如此”，后跟“形容词+名词”构成的名词短语；because“因为”，引导原因状语从句。根据“we all like him”可知，此句是说他是个如此可爱的婴儿，“a cute baby”为名词短语，应用such...that...，故选B。
6．C
【详解】句意：汤姆觉得肥皂剧很无聊，所以他从来不看。
考查副词辨析。always总是；usually通常；never从不；sometimes有时。根据“Tom thinks soap operas are boring”可知，肥皂剧无聊，所以应该是从来不看。故选C。
7．A
【详解】句意：垃圾分类现在很流行。所以我们经常可以在许多城市看到四个不同颜色的垃圾箱。
考查频率副词辨析。often常常，时常；seldom很少；hardly ever几乎从不；never从不。根据“The garbage sorting is popular now.”可知此处是说经常可以在许多城市看到四个不同颜色的垃圾箱。故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：——寒假期间你多久去看一次电影？——几乎不去，因为流感我妈妈不让我去。
考查频度副词。Always总是；Hardly ever几乎不；Usually通常；Often经常。根据“My mom stops me because of the flu.”可知，因为流感我妈妈不让我去，所以应用hardly ever表示否定“几乎不去”。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：我经常骑自行车去学校。但是今天上午，我走着去学校。
考查频度副词辨析。never从不；usually经常；hardly几乎不；seldom很少，不常。根据“But this morning, I walked to school.”可知此处表示只是今天上午，步行去学校，其他时间骑自行车去上学，故此处表示经常骑自行车去上学。故选B。
10．C
【详解】句意：海伦是一个好学生。她上课从不迟到。
考查频率副词。always总是；never从不。be动词位于频率副词前；根据“Helen is a good student.”可知，她上课从不迟到。故选C。
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文讲述了作者参加国际线上交流项目，与加拿大女孩Sophia跨文化沟通，彻底改变自身对跨文化交流的看法，感悟不同文化都值得尊重，要自信传播本土文化、包容外来文化。
【详解】11．句意：这次特殊的经历完全改变了我对跨文化交流的态度。
根据前文“used to think... barriers”和后文“willing to take every chance”可知，此处是指作者态度发生了转变，changed“改变”贴合语境；show“展示”、express“表达”、record“记录”均不符合语境。
12．句意：一开始，我担心不同的文化背景会造成误会。
根据后文“I knew little about Canadian daily customs and worried I might behave impolitely.” 能看出作者内心忧虑不安，afraid“害怕的、担心的”贴合心境；proud“骄傲的”、sure “确定的”、crazy“疯狂的”均不符合语境。
13．句意：为打破僵局，我决定在第一次视频聊天中和她分享中国传统节日故事。
根据上文“To break the ice”可知，此处是作者主动破冰、主动分享文化故事的行为，decided“决定”符合人物行动；forgot“忘记”、refused“拒绝”、regretted“后悔”均与文意相反。
14．句意：我告诉她中国家庭如何庆祝春节，打扫房屋、贴春联、吃团圆年夜饭。
根据下文“cleaning houses, pasting red couplets and gathering for a family dinner”可知，打扫房屋、贴春联、吃团圆饭都是庆祝春节的典型活动，celebrate“庆祝”适配节日搭配；invent“发明”、introduce“介绍”、improve“改善”均不符合语境。
15．句意：她对我们的传统文化表现出真切的兴趣，还说和加拿大节日完全不一样。
固定搭配show interest in表示“对……产生兴趣”，interest“兴趣”契合她认真倾听、主动对比节日的态度；trouble“麻烦”、doubt“怀疑”、surprise“惊讶”不符合搭配与语境。
16．句意：随后Sophia和我分享了她家乡的文化。
前文作者分享中国节日，此处对应Sophia分享本土文化，shared“分享”符合语境；compared“对比”、competed“竞争”、argued“争论”语义不通。
17．句意：她还介绍了他们的日常礼仪，这些礼仪和我们的不一样。
根据后文举例加拿大人交谈保持个人距离、中国人习惯凑近相处，能看出两国礼仪存在差别；固定搭配be different from表示“与……不同”，different符合语境；absent“缺席的”、free“自由的”语义均和上下文对比内容不匹配。
18．句意：我们渐渐发现沟通是消除文化隔阂最好的方式。
沟通的作用是消解彼此的文化隔阂，remove“消除、移除”搭配“cultural gaps”合理；separate“分隔”、widen“扩大”会加深隔阂，protect“保护”逻辑不通。
19．句意：我们从不排斥彼此的习俗，而是选择学习和尊重。
固定结构not…but…表示“不是……而是……”，but表示转折对比；so“因此”表因果，or“或者”表选择，and“并且”表并列，都无法构成该转折结构。
20．句意：句意：随着时间流逝，我们的友谊变得愈发深厚牢固。
此处“grew”为系动词，后面需要接形容词比较级描述友谊的变化；结合后文两人每周聊天、互相学习手工，情谊不断加深，stronger“更深厚的”贴合友谊升温的走向；slower“更缓慢的”、weaker“更薄弱的”、quieter“更安静的”均不符合两人关系越来越好的文意。
21．句意：每一种习俗都由当地历史和生活习惯形成，所以它值得我们充分尊重。
full respect为常用搭配，表示“充分的尊重”；little“少量的”、wrong“错误的”、strict“严格的”均无法修饰“respect”形成通顺语义。
22．句意：这个项目也教会我一条重要道理：跨文化交流是双向的。
固定搭配teach sb. a lesson表示“教会某人道理/给某人启发”，taught是teach的过去式；promised“承诺”、warned“警告”、cheated“欺骗”不匹配语境搭配。
23．句意：我们不仅要自信地传递本土文化，也要以开放心态接纳外来文化。
根据下文“I hope to become a little cultural messenger, letting more people know the beauty of Chinese culture”可知，做文化使者、传播中国文化，pass on“传递、传播”贴合传播本土文化的含义；give up“放弃”、take away“拿走”、cut down“削减”语义相反。
24．句意：如今我愿意抓住每一个机会和外国朋友交流。
全文核心主题是跨文化沟通交流，固定搭配communicate with“与……交流”呼应主题；fight“争斗”、compete“竞争”、agree“同意”偏离文章主旨。
25．句意：我希望成为一个小小的文化使者，通过与世界建立友好联系，让更多人了解中国文化之美。
本句用by doing sth.表示做事的方式手段，by building a friendly connection意为“通过搭建友好联系”，逻辑上依靠建立友谊这条途径传播中华文化；without“没有”、while“当……时 (表同步动作)”、against“反对”均无法表达方式途径含义。
26．Instead 27．silence 28．changing 29．to encourage 30．shared 31．including 32．More importantly 33．arguing 34．sweetly 35．amazing
【导语】本文主要讲述了科技的发展对人们听音乐的方式产生的影响。
26．句意：相反地，现在当我们上车时，每个人都沉浸在自己的世界里。根据“When my kids were younger, there would be the excitement of all of us singing the same songs during the car rides”以及“everyone stays into their own world”可知，前后是两种截然不同的状态，结合备选词汇，空格处表示“相反”。故填Instead。
27．句意：我保持沉默。根据上文“when we get out in a car, everyone stays into their own world”可知，作者自己也沉默，介词in后用“silent”的名词形式，in silence沉默。故填silence。
28．句意：科技正在改变我们听音乐的方式。根据“Technology is... how we all listen to music.”可知，此处应选择动词change表示“改变”，is+现在分词，构成现在进行时。故填changing。
29．句意：然而，父母的一个关键角色是鼓励他们的孩子了解新想法并培养他们的品味。根据“... their children to know new ideas and develop their tastes”可知，此处应选择动词encourage表示“鼓励”，系动词is后用不定式作表语。故填to encourage。
30．句意：家庭成员需要共同的记忆库。根据“Being part of a family needs a... memory bank.”和备选词汇可知，此处是指共有的记忆库，修饰名词短语“memory bank”用形容词，shared共有的。故填shared。
31．句意：这个库应该包罗万象，其中包括我们一起吃的食物，我们一起做的事情和我们一起听过的音乐。根据“It should be full of the things”可知，后面的内容是列举记忆库中应该有哪些东西，所以空格处表示“包括”，作状语用including。故填including。
32．句意：更重要的是，我想让我的孩子们明白我为什么喜欢这首音乐，而不仅仅是分享它。根据“I want my kids to understand why I love this music than just sharing it”可知，这是更重要的一点，修饰整个句子用副词，此处用副词比较级。故填More importantly。
33．句意：几天前，我忍不住生气地和14岁的女儿争执起来，因为她总是戴着耳机。根据“... always having her headphones on”可知，作者忍不住和女儿争吵，argue争吵，couldn’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事。故填arguing。
34．句意：但当我们上车时，她笑得很甜，并通过汽车扬声器播放音乐。根据“she smiled”和备选词汇sweet可知，此处是指她笑得很甜，修饰动词用副词。故填sweetly。
35．句意：对我来说，在车上听见我喜欢的歌感觉很奇妙。根据“it was... for me to hear the songs I liked in the car.”结合备选词汇amaze可知，此处用形容词“amazing (神奇的)”作表语。故填amazing。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球变暖导致高山冰雪融化的问题，并探讨了人们为了减缓冰雪融化所采取的几种创新方法。
【详解】36．细节理解题。根据“In the 1990s, people in Switzerland put white ‘blankets’ on ski areas(滑雪区)”可知，人们用白色的毯子覆盖滑雪区。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool.”可知，人们把毯子做成白色，因为白色可以帮助冰获得较少的阳光。故选C。
38．词句猜测题。根据“The white colour can reflect the sunshine and keep the ice cool.”及“The white rocks can be 16℃ cooler than the dark rocks.”可知，秘鲁安第斯山脉的农民们也采用了用白色来降低温度的方法，这种方法与瑞士人的方法在某方面是相同的。故选D。
39．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文详细介绍了瑞士、秘鲁等地的人们为了保持高山冰雪凉爽而采取的各种措施，所以从本文我们可以了解到人们正在努力使高山保持凉爽。故选D。
40．C 41．B 42．A 43．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了山区不适合居住的原因，同时阐述了山脉对人类的重要性，还提及了登山运动的发展历程。
40．根据前文“the weather in the mountains is not as good as that in low areas”以及后文“Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 metres high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe.”可知，此处是说明山脉高度与空气的关系，选项C“山越高，空气就越少。”符合语境。故选C。
41．根据前句“Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains.” 可知，此处应说明山脉与饮用水的联系，选项B“世界上很多人依靠山脉获取饮用水”符合语境。故选B。
42．根据前文“Mountain climbing has a history of over 150 years.”以及后文“However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time.”可知，此处是介绍登山运动早期的流行地区，选项A“这项运动最初在英国流行起来。”符合语境。故选A。
43．根据前文“However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time.”以及后文“Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world.”可知，此处是说明登山运动的变化，选项D“现在越来越多的人尝试攀登最高的山峰。”符合语境。故选D。
44．Private topics such as age, marriage and income. 45．Casual clothes like jeans. 46．No, it isn’t. 47．By mastering different cultural manners. 48．It tells us different cultural party and table manners in cross-cultural communication.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了跨文化交际中礼仪的重要性，具体介绍了西方聚会的谈话话题、着装要求、到达时间以及亚洲国家的餐桌礼仪，旨在帮助人们掌握不同文化礼仪以留下好印象。
【详解】44．根据文章第1段“In Western parties, people never ask private topics such as age, marriage and income. These topics are unsafe.”可推知结论西方聚会上不安全的话题是私人话题。
45．根据文章第2段“Casual clothes like jeans are improper for formal parties.”可推知结论不适合正式聚会的衣服是休闲装。
46．根据文章第2段“Arriving early may bring trouble to the hosts.”可推知结论早到是不正常的。
47．根据文章第3段“With plenty of practice, we can master different cultural manners and leave a good impression on others.”可推知结论通过练习掌握礼仪可以留下好印象。
48．根据文章第1段"Good manners are important in cross-cultural communication.”及全文内容可推知结论文章主旨是关于跨文化交际中的礼仪。
49．has studied 50．to teach 51．an 52．well 53．twice 54．with 55．finding 56．success 57．them 58．volunteering
【导语】本文讲述了热心肠的大学生伊莎贝拉利用空闲时间在儿童课后辅导项目爱心之家做志愿支教，还主动搭建网站为爱心之家吸引了更多志愿者，她表示毕业后也会继续坚持这项帮助困境儿童的志愿活动。
【详解】49．句意：到目前为止，伊莎贝拉已经在大学学习两年了。“so far”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语伊莎贝拉是第三人称单数，助动词要用has，study的过去分词是studied。故填has studied。
50．句意：与此同时，她还在空闲时间自愿去爱心之家教课。volunteer作动词表示“自愿做”时，固定搭配为volunteer to do sth，需要用动词不定式作宾语。故填to teach。
51．句意：爱心之家是一个面向儿童的课后项目。此处泛指“一个课后项目”，after-school是以元音音素开头的单词，要用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
52．句意：它给那些学习表现不好的孩子提供额外辅导。固定搭配do well in表示“在……方面做得好”，good是形容词，此处需要用副词well修饰动词doing。故填well。
53．句意：伊莎贝拉每周去爱心之家教孩子两次。此处表示动作频率“每周两次”，要把基数词two改为频率副词twice。故填twice。
54．句意：因为伊莎贝拉的网站，现在每周有超过一百名志愿者花大约四个小时陪伴爱心之家的孩子们。此处表示“和孩子们共度时间”，搭配spend time with sb表示“和某人共度时光”，所以填介词with。故填with。
55．句意：项目负责人说，“没有伊莎贝拉的网站，爱心之家很难找到足够的志愿者”。固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难”，此处要用动词find的动名词形式finding。故填finding。
56．句意：当我教这些孩子学习的时候，我总是有一种强烈的成就感。介词of后面需要接名词，successful是形容词，它的名词形式是success，a feeling of success表示“成就感”。故填success。
57．句意：最棒的是我也从他们身上学到了很多。介词from后面要接人称代词的宾格形式，they是主格，宾格形式是them。故填them。
58．句意：毕业之后我也不会放弃做志愿活动。固定搭配give up doing sth表示“放弃做某事”，需要用动词volunteer的动名词形式volunteering。故填volunteering。
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